Indigo Dyeing - Personalise Your Clothing

1. Introduction: Dyeing can be a fun way to add personalisation to our clothing I am Harshavardhan and this is my wife Cloudia Join us in this class where we explore natural indigo dying. we will dye commonly used clothing items like T-Shirts and Scarfs. We will be starting with the basics from the extraction of indigo and how it works, the correct vat making process we will learn the resist techniques, with some tips and best practices. we will also explore a resist method that allows you to add custom design to a tshirt, which will be great for gifting. Apart from personalization, Indigo dyeing can be a great hobby. All the lessons are beginner friendly and you can get started right away. Watch now and personalize your clothing. 2. Indigo and its extraction: Indigo needs to be understood properly before we get to die. In this video, let's take a quick look at some of the basics of indigo. Indigo is a naturally occurring chemical compound that is found in the leaves of a plant called indigo Farah tectorial. It is an oldest dying method that dates back to around 4 thousand years ago, used in the Indus Valley civilization and the Ancient Egypt. In ancient times, evidence shows indigo that was extracted from snails, give it a bromine component which resulted in purple and red sheets of indigo. Other studies suggest that in the code was used in many other parts of the world, making it a widely known technique for dying in various cultures. Indigo for writing Doria group best in hot climates and need a lot of sunlight. They are sown and harvested after 90 days. The produce is collected and put in a water tank in a ratio of one parts are produced to ten parts of water. Wooden poles are used to exert pressure and to immerse the produce underwater. This is allowed to ferment for about three days. The color of the water changes to green. This liquid is collected in a different tank. This liquid is edited by using paddle wheels to oxidize, or in other words, mixed with oxygen to produce a blue colored liquid. After vigorous agitation, the oxidation process stops and the liquid is allowed to settle. The top layers of the liquid is drained to reveal blue sediment which is deposited at the bottom of the tank. This sediment is collected and boiled in a couple of boiler to reduce moisture and to kill microbes to stop further fermentation. Now, it is pressed to remove excess water. Indigo may be pressed into moles to form blocks, or it is simply sold in powdered form. In this video, let's look at some of the basics of an indigo vat. Is a tank or a system for dyeing fabric. In this case, it's an indigo vat. Vat dyes like indigo, or not soluble in water, and alkaline or basic medium is required. In this case, we use sodium hydroxide or light. Fructose or fruit sugar is added as a reducing agent. The role of a reducing agent is to remove oxygen from the wet. This turns the insoluble indigo into leuko indigo. The color of the rat changes to an amber green color. When a fabric is immersed in this wet and let you try, it comes as a green color. It consists of oxygen. The oxygen molecules in the air react with the leuko indigo and oxidizes it. On oxidation, indigo gradually shows the blue color. After it turns blue, it is converted back to indigo, making it water insoluble. Again, that's interesting. We saw how indigo gets its color. But what about the shades of indigo? How do we achieve dot and light sheets? The solution to this lies on how indigo binds to the fabric. Indigo binds to the fabric physically at a microscopic level without forming chemical bonds, the weekend get dark colors by layering indigo. By increasing the number of depths into the bladder. A dip is calculated from immersing the fabric into the rat and removing the fabric from the wet and letting it oxidize for a while and finally washing the fabric. We will learn more on this later. These swatches explain the color intensity based on the number of deaths indicated on the top. The left side shows one dip. On the right shows stand-ups. This shows how number of depths affect the intensity of the shade. 3. Working of indigo: Indigo needs to be understood properly before we get to die. In this video, let's take a quick look at some of the basics of indigo. Indigo is a naturally occurring chemical compound that is found in the leaves of a plant called indigo Farah tectorial. It is an oldest dying method that dates back to around 4 thousand years ago, used in the Indus Valley civilization and the Ancient Egypt. In ancient times, evidence shows indigo that was extracted from snails, give it a bromine component which resulted in purple and red sheets of indigo. Other studies suggest that in the code was used in many other parts of the world, making it a widely known technique for dying in various cultures. Indigo for writing Doria group best in hot climates and need a lot of sunlight. They are sown and harvested after 90 days. The produce is collected and put in a water tank in a ratio of one parts are produced to ten parts of water. Wooden poles are used to exert pressure and to immerse the produce underwater. This is allowed to ferment for about three days. The color of the water changes to green. This liquid is collected in a different tank. This liquid is edited by using paddle wheels to oxidize, or in other words, mixed with oxygen to produce a blue colored liquid. After vigorous agitation, the oxidation process stops and the liquid is allowed to settle. The top layers of the liquid is drained to reveal blue sediment which is deposited at the bottom of the tank. This sediment is collected and boiled in a couple of boiler to reduce moisture and to kill microbes to stop further fermentation. Now, it is pressed to remove excess water. Indigo may be pressed into moles to form blocks, or it is simply sold in powdered form. In this video, let's look at some of the basics of an indigo vat. Is a tank or a system for dyeing fabric. In this case, it's an indigo vat. Vat dyes like indigo, or not soluble in water, and alkaline or basic medium is required. In this case, we use sodium hydroxide or light. Fructose or fruit sugar is added as a reducing agent. The role of a reducing agent is to remove oxygen from the wet. This turns the insoluble indigo into leuko indigo. The color of the rat changes to an amber green color. When a fabric is immersed in this wet and let you try, it comes as a green color. It consists of oxygen. The oxygen molecules in the air react with the leuko indigo and oxidizes it. On oxidation, indigo gradually shows the blue color. After it turns blue, it is converted back to indigo, making it water insoluble. Again, that's interesting. We saw how indigo gets its color. But what about the shades of indigo? How do we achieve dot and light sheets? The solution to this lies on how indigo binds to the fabric. Indigo binds to the fabric physically at a microscopic level without forming chemical bonds, the weekend get dark colors by layering indigo. By increasing the number of depths into the bladder. A dip is calculated from immersing the fabric into the rat and removing the fabric from the wet and letting it oxidize for a while and finally washing the fabric. We will learn more on this later. These swatches explain the color intensity based on the number of deaths indicated on the top. The left side shows one dip. On the right shows stand-ups. This shows how number of depths affect the intensity of the shade. 4. Indigo resist methods tying: A whole different patterns can be achieved through simple resist techniques. Direct assistance can be achieved through mechanical and chemical methods. The mechanical resist methods that we will be exploring are paying stitching and using objects as blocks to mask. Let's begin with a simple time method to illustrate. I have taken a square piece of fabric. I'm going to use accordion folds to fold this fabric. I'm using clock flips to temporarily Foster and the fabric. Now I'm loading the fabric from one, moving the clips and necessary. Once I complete the rolling, I use clip again to free my hands. Now I use it to tie around the rule. I'm making a few notes here. Make a final note before I cut the twain. We get a rule piece of fabric ready to be dyed. This results in organic and slightly wavy stripes or lines. You can also see a gradient between light and dark. Blue sheets. 5. Indigo resist methods stitch: The next resist method is stitch. This works exactly by making stitches on places where we do not want the diet. It is a very powerful technique. Acid gives a great sense of control as one can exactly control the resist areas by stitching. To demonstrate, I have taken a square piece of fabric and folding the fabric indoor accordion folds, amusing cloth clips to temporarily hold the fabric in place. Now, with the help of ruler, marking points that are equidistant from one another. There is a distance of about one inch between each points. As you can see, I have removed the clips for stitching purposes. I will begin stitching through the market points. I'm making a stitch at the same point for multiple times to get a thicker resist. In a similar way, I stitch the other points as well. As you can see, it's a simple stitch technique that goes from one side to the other. I will cut the thread. I'm Dan stitching. You can see how some areas of the fabric is locked by stitches and the other sites is exposed to the type. One state. We can find interesting patterns like dots on the stitched areas. 6. Indigo resist methods color blocking: The next method is color blocking. This kind of method involves using other objects to make her assistant as usual, and starting with accordion folds on a square plot. The eclipse OCT as temporary holders, using a ruler and marking equidistant points. Now, I will use a pair of mad sticks, please, one on the top and one on the bottom of the fabric. I'm using one off the mark the points as the reference. Now, I will formally tie both states together and make a knot. Similarly, I will repeat the process on the other side as well. This creates a pressure between the fabric layers and produces LSST. I repeat the same on all heap at that points. One state we get a zigzag pattern. This is due to this slight slant while we tie these sticks together. 7. Project 1 preparation of square scarf using tying: In this video, let's see how to prepare his car for a simple design. We want a pattern, something like this. This, the design avoids from the center. Let's quickly take a look at the process to achieve this design. First, we will grab the center of the scarf and lift the scarf by pinching and finally tired. Let's get started with the process. And media that are grayed out. Ceases. Ruler, pencil. This square scarf. First, I will unfold this scarf. I have also watched the scarf in hot water to remove any fat salt starch present on the fabric while manufacturing. Once unfolded the fabric, I folded it into half, then grab the center of the folded scarf and lift the scarf by pinching it on the center. You wouldn't be able to get bleeds and folds. Ran your hands through these fabric, check for neat bleeds and folds. Once you get neat, fairly looking forwards. Please deep fabric down using a ruler marker point. We will be using this point as reference to tie off scarf using a Twine tie and make a nod at the topmost point, security node. Then its form and date. Start winding the flying around the scarf. Make sure to wine formally. This force and pressure from the twine will meet goddesses. Now let's continue to wine deadline till the mark, the point of reference. Once we reach the reference point, start winding it in the opposite direction. Bottom to top. This will create an additional layer of data either assist weekend, now cut the Twine. We can make due with the first two. Weekend security or not by adding multiple notes. On completion, weekend C addresses night structure like this. 8. Project 2 preparation of square scarf using blocks: In this video, let's prepare the fabric for the scarf using an object SSRS color block. I would like to have a grid like design with organic clients like this one. Let's quickly take a look at the process to achieve this design. After we make accordion folds on both of these, we place to color blocks over and under the fabric and tie them together. The materials required, Dwayne, cardboard, square blocks, scissors. I have used tape to cover the cardboard for some water resistance. You can even use codeine blocks instead. Let's go ahead and make horizontal according false. I'm matching the folds to the size of the block. Using a nine box. Press the fabric to get to meet and crisp fold. Let's continue making folds one by one. By using your fingers, go through the folds. Ensure that the folds are neat and clean. Once I feel satisfied with defaults and pressed them to make them crisp. We can continue to complete the accordion folds and pressing the fabric wherever required. Once we are done with the horizontal folds, weekend, go for the vertical folds. Check the size of the block with the fabric. The Ford size should match with the size of the block. Let's continue making the accordion folds this way. They're seeing what necessary. Let's complete the folding process by pressing one, lost ten. Since we have he pressed the fabric, we have achieved neat and crisp folds. Using the blocks, please, one on the top and one on the bottom of a piece. Using a client. I don't the piece and meet the first knot. Start winding our own DPS. Make sure you wind farm leap with y1 pressure. I'm making a note here before cutting the twine. Let's repeat the same on the other side as well. Secure that wine by creating multiple knots. We haven't got a color block structure. Met is ready to be paid. 9. Project 3 preparation of tshirt for organic stripes: In this video, let's prepare the T-Shirt for using tying technique we wanted to design that has organic lines like stripes. This can be achieved using simple dying method. Let's quickly take a look at the process to achieve this design. First, we mock equidistant lines along the t-shirt. Then we simply tie them together. The materials required, ruler, pencil, tight or Duan, seizes up, Caught and plain white t-shirt. I have washed and dried the T-Shirt wants to remove any starch from manufacturing. Using a ruler mark equidistant points. Here, I'm marking the points that the distance of n centimetre, these lines will become the stripes after we die the T-Shirt. Using the fingers, I'm making micro bleeds on the T-shirt. You can see I'm gradually bringing one side of the t-shirt closer to the other. After a while, you should be able to grab the t-shirt with your thumb and index finger. Security T-shirt in the position with the help of a zip tie. Or you can also use a line to try it. The hold as much as possible. Using the mark the points as reference. We have two repeat baking micro bleeds and tie them together. We have to repeat the same process for all the marked points. Cut the exists zip type. We have a striped T-shirt design that is studied to be dyed. 10. Project 4 part 1 preparation of tshirt for custom design: In this video, let's prepare a t-shirt for using stitches. This method I have made this T-Shirt for my husband has ever done. I have created an alphabet catch on this T-Shirt stitch resist methods of our grid control over the design. This is a great way to personalize clothing. Let's see how to do this. First mark the guides for this stitch. Simple runnings to just needs to be made along the lines. Now the stitches are pulled to create a resist. The materials required. A ruler, pencil, gotten plain white T-shirt, printed paper cutout of your design. Board. Needle and thread four. So I have washed and dried the t-shirt once to remove any starch from manufacturing. Since this design, that alphabet which can be mirrored, me can fold the T-Shirt and paper cutout into half. Notice that one needed a friend decided of the t-shirt is folded into half. Match the shoulder seams to make sure that we have folded into half. Please, Steve, paper cut on the T-shirt. Here. You can notice that the paper cut is also being folded into half. With the pencil mark the gardeners of the design. Once we mark the gardeners, we can simply join them by drawing straight lines with the ruler. I'm drawing straight lines here, joining all the math two corners. Now let's start mocking the inert stitch ninths. I am plotting equidistant points with distance of five MM. These points will be the reference for stitch lines marking the same number of points with the same distance on the other side. Now, these points can be easily joined by straight lines with the ruler. The purpose of these points is to ensure that we get absolute bleed street lights. Now, I'm plotting points on the middle of the alphabet, mocking the same points with the same distance on the other side. Now, we can simply connect them together with straight lines. You can now see the finished good reference lines for these teachers. 11. Project 4 part 2 preparation of tshirt for custom design: Before we start stitching, Here's a quick tip. We need to make multiple running stitches to complete this design. The threats will be used up quickly. So you use multiple needles with threats to save time. Since we are modeling the design on both sides by folding methods, it's crucial that the fabric doesn't slide or move. You safety pins to pin the surfaces of the t-shirt. Now, both sides are secured from accidental movement. I'm using under the safety pin on the other side. This will completely restrict movement between the two surfaces. Now, let's get started with the stitching process. I'm just going to follow the marked reference lines and make a running stitch. Metcalf, little finer stitch. They had been better resistance. Pulling the needle out. Do not pull the thread completely. Bought ten centimeter of threat. It's going for the next line. Here you can take a closer look at did Stratford. This might help and pulling and tying the threats later. In a similar way, I'm going to make stitches on all the other friends lines. Now leaving some extra thread, I will cut off the thread. I'm making a note at the end of the cut thread. Let's repeat the same technique on the other reference lines. Complete filling our shape. Making, handling stitches can be very calming and relaxing. Experience. Don't funny, if your thread gets over, you can always put a new thread, the needle and continue. Since we have folded the fabric into half, we have actually measured their design. This enables as to meet stitches, we're only on one side, cutting the stitching time and effort into half. You can see how it strike threats handled. All the threads needs to be disconnected from the adjacent line so we can cut all the joint threats. Now, each line is a separate running stitch with extra trick at the beginning and a the end. Now the stitches need to be not, according to Paris, the first stitch line needs to be noted with the second stitch length at the beginning. Now will be free ends of the first and the second stitch line. This will pull the fabric together, making fine bleeds. After a form pull the fabric comes closer. Now not the free ends of t first, second stitch line together. Secure the threads in place by another node. Now, we can cut the strike threats to avoid confusion. Repeat the same process by knotting the constitute two pairs of stitch lines. The bearing and not in sequence will be stitched line 123456 and so on. Here, we are not able to bear the last stitch. One limb, one stitch exist, which is so odd and cannot be paired. In such cases. We can always pair the stitch line with the I just sent bed making a set of three stitch lines. I'm pulling all the three threats. As a first step. I'm not saying the two traits together. Now we can finally not the lasted thread with denoted pair. Remember to remove the safety pins before dying. Now we have got a stitch resist in the shape of alphabet letter hedge ready to be tight. 12. Project 5 preparation of tshirt for gradient shade: In this video, let's prepare the T-shirt for a gradient descent. As you can see, this T-Shirt has multiple sheets of indigo. This is based on the concept of layering in vivo by weighting the number of flips, more tips for a darker shade and lesser depths for the lighter sheets. Now let's discuss the processing, what lines are marked I spread the shade divisions while dying. The number of flips are varied according to the sheet. Material is required. Our ruler, pencil, cotton, plain white t-shirt. I have washed and dried the t-shirt wants to remove any starch from manufacturing. With the ruler, I'm marking two points on my t-shirt. These points divide my t-shirt into three sections, repeating the same on either side. Now I can simply join the points to get a straight line. These sections denote the boundaries of each sheet. Now, we just need to vary the number of bibs while dying. 13. Important safety precautions while handling lye: Important safety precautions while handling light. Light is a very caustic chemical that will create burns on contact with the skin. Always use extreme caution when working with it. Poison, danger, corrosive may be fatal if swallowed. Harmful if inhaled causes burns to any area of contact, reacts with water, acids, and other materials, but it can be used safely following precautions and lie usage guidelines. Precautions always wear goggles, gloves, and protective clothing when handling light. No short sleeved shirts, short pants or sandals. Always work with light in well ventilated area. Remote contaminated clothing immediately. Cleanups, spills immediately. If you have any respiratory health issues, completely avoid using it. Keep away from kids and pets. Always go through disposal guidelines of light depending on where you stay before disposing it. Please follow the waste management guidelines of your country. Usage. Always add light to water, never water to like. Use only heat resistant plastic container for mixing. Always seal the light container, airtight properly after the usage. Store in an area that is cooled, dry, well ventilated, separate from incompatible materials. Once the materials like containers stood up or any objects that are used with light should not be used for any other purposes. 14. Preparation of vat: Let's get started In preparing for the purpose of dying or fabric will be making a six liter indigo vat. And as we discussed before, indigo vat contains three major components. The indigo dye itself, alkaline medium, and a reducing agent. Natural indigo vat can be prepared in one institute to three ratio, where one stands for the indigo dye to for the alkaline substance, and three for the reducing agent. The quantity of the ingredient depends upon the quantity of water and the indigo dye concentration. For our purposes, we will be using seven gram of indigo per one liter of water. That leaves us with seven gram indigo into six liters of water, which is equal to 42 grams of indigo. 42 grams of indigo into two, which gives us 84 grams of alkaline substance aspect one to three ratio. We use sodium hydroxide or light, but we increase the use of calcium hydroxide as it is easier to handle than light. The quantity of reducing agent fructose in this case, will be 42 grams into three, gives us 126 grams of fructose. In this case of using lay use only cotton fabric. Protein-based fabric like silk or wool, is not recommended for lay wet as strong PH will damage the proteins. With that being said, let's get started. We have got all the required materials here. We have taken a plastic container with hot water for mixing. When handling chemicals substances, it is always recommended to use hand, eye, nose, and mouth protection. Please choose a well ventilated area, finite dipole operation. Let's add the indigo dye to water. Give it a gentle stir to distribute the particles in water. We use warm water because it accelerates the chemical reaction. Now, let's add delay. Give it a stub for few minutes till the light completely dissolves. Always follow the safety procedure when handling light. Finally, let's add fructose as the reducing agent. Continue stirring the rat. While doing so, a wide making splashes as they can add excess oxygen into the rat, will be small lumps of indigo stuck on the walls of the container to dissolve them as much as possible. As you can see, we use a bamboo stick to stir the wet. You may also use a plastic stub. After a few minutes of studying, you will be able to see some oxidized cluster of indigo floating on the top along with some bubbles. This is what is called as indigo flower. Now cover the lid of the wet and allow it to react for about one hour. We have opened the lid. Let's check the consistency of the diet. As you can see, the color of the dye beneath the surface is yellow green. With an important, this means the rat is reduced and the indigo is dissolved. No, Let's take off the indigo flower from the wet. Remember that all the materials used once format, rat making like container, spoon, etc, should never be used for other purposes. The indigo flower needs to be completely removed because it will stick to the clot and may produce uneven dying. 15. Soaking the prepared fabric: Before we start dying, we need to get our fabrics are ready for dying. In a container. We have taken warm water to soak the fabric. We will soak all the fabric in this container. Allow it to soak in warm water completely for about ten minutes. Soaking the fabric will make the fibers are adsorbed the day better. 16. Dyeing: Before we get to dying, we need to squeeze out water from our soaked fabric as much as possible. We don't want to add water into our wet as it can dilute the wet. Let's gently immerse the fabric into the vet. While doing so, a wide making splashes. Immersed the fabric as gently as possible. Splashes can add Oxygen indoor wet. As you can see, we immerse the fabric one-by-one gently into the vat. Being very careful about not making splashes. Make sure that they are immersed properly. No, let's close our VAT for one minute. After a minute, Let's open the VAT. Remove the fabric from the wet. We can see a yellow green color on our fabric. Again, we need to be gentle here, not making any splashes. We can squeeze the excess dye from the fabric while doing so, make sure you squeeze the dydt a little about this office. This elides the excess day to get in contact with the air. Now, let's allow the fabric to get oxidized. This may take about a minute. You can notice the change in color. The yellow green color will turn into blue. As the dye reacts with oxygen in air. You can turn the fabric to expose it more to add. Here, we're just exposing the fabric to air by gently turning it. Now the fabric is almost blue. Now let's watch this in water. Oxygen in water oxidizes it and removes any excess day. Now the die has got its blue color. You can squeeze the water out and place it outside. Now this is ready for the second dip. Let's take a look at the diagram for a better understanding. We first dip the fabric into the vat, then allow it to observe the diet for about a minute. In step three, we take the fabric out and place it aside to let it oxidize by air exposure. At this point, the color of the fabric changes to blue. Then we wash it in water and squeeze it well before the next step. Now we get the blue indigo color. We need to repeat the same to get darker sheets. When we talk about the number of flips, all the steps shown here constitute to one dip of the fabric into the wet. We will be depending the tee-shirts for about nine to ten times and the scarf for about six steps. You can go for lesser depths for lighter shades. 17. Dyeing gradient shades on tshirt: In case of gradients, It's fairly simple. We just vary the number of dips in each section of the t-shirt. Watch this time-lapse to see how we do it. 18. Setting The Dye: We have come to the final step of dying in a container. Take a small amount of vinegar. We use cooking vinegar here. Add this to a container with water at room temperature. Wash the dyed fabrics in this water. Because of the acidic properties, this will neutralize the pH of our fabric and the date. Let it wash. What about a minute? No, squeezed the water as much as possible. The dyed fabric is now ready to be opened. 19. Pattern reveal: Let's start cutting the twain of color block. For Linda scarf reveals a grid-like pattern. This square shape of the color block and the folding has resulted in this design. Let's start cutting the tie off our next cuff. This results in a rounded diamond design right in the middle of this cuff. Here. A closer look at the details. Now, let's cut out the zip dice on leaky shut. This results in horizontal organic looking stripes on the tight areas. Now let's cut the stitch resist on the T-shirt. Being very slow and gentle. Shouldn't accidentally cut the t-shirt. Let's clean up and remove all literates. Our alphabet is getting revealed slowly. As you can see, the stitch has an assisted well. 20. Conclusion: Hope you have enjoyed the class. I wish to conclude that we have covered the basics of natural indigo dye. The next step is to explore the graft with your own ideas for resist technique and achieve unless designs. I would recommend you to document your resist methods by teaching pictures before dying. You can always experiment the resist method in a small piece of fabric. Here I have used eight by eight inch fabric to experiment and documented assistant methods. Apart from clothing, you can always try dying for home deco purposes. Like Pushinka was tabled or nurse gardens, etc. I have made an earning with diet indigo fabric and some hand embroidery on top. Here you can see I have a stain on my white top. Dying is a great way to uptake stained plots. Using stitches. His technique, I have made the cleanest and running stitches along the top. I'm simply pull the ends and not add them together. I have chosen this type of technique as it will organically hide the steam after Indigo dying. For our own six-fifths. You can see a new version of Mac discarded top. I have also died as stall using dying techniques, please share images of your work. I would really like to go through them. Thank you for joining this class. Jesus.