Type and Use of Network Devices

1. Introduction: Hello everyone. Welcome to networking devices class. If you belong to IT networking field or you want to start your career with networking field, then definitely you need to be very clear with networking devices. As you know, that the Internet is made up with so many network devices. And also they are connected with so many wired and wireless media. But network device plays an important role to create internet, including intranet. How router used to define the path from source to destination. How switch works on both the layer including data link layer and the network layer. How to install the all network devices to create Local Area Network and Wide Area Network. We know that firewall is a security device, but how it is used to prevent unauthorized access from outside. To prevent our attacks. In this class, I will let you explain each network device including how switch router bridges, modems, gateways, so many devices. And we will discuss each and every device in detail with practical. We will also understand the proper functioning of each and every device. I'm definitely share. After this session, there will be a great knowledge and great tracer of network devices with you. So let's get started. 2. Type and Use of Network Hub and Bridge: Hello everyone, Welcome to our first-class for network device. So in this class I'm going to start with the very first network device, which name is hub? So famous one is the hub. How Bayesian network device, which is used to connect multiple and other devices with each other with the help of wired media. And you can see I'm making design in which our base connected to four pieces. But there is one problem with the hub. Hub always a broadcast. Know what is the meaning of broadcast. So as we know that networking data transmission has three types. Unicast, multicast and broadcast. Unicast means one-to-one data transfer. Multicast means one-to-many data transfer and broadcast means one to everyone. For example, my PC1 wants to send data to PC2. So when it send data to hub, hub will broadcast this message to everyone, which will cause for bandwidth. Bandwidth loss will be there, so speed will be slow. So Hobbes used to connect miles divided device with each other, but it has a broadcast issue. One more thing I want to explain in Hobbes harbor has one collision domain, one broadcast domain. Now what is the meaning of broadcast domain and collision domain is broadcast domain is, for example, we have an area. In that area, I'm sending the same message to everyone. And collision domain means what is collision first? Collision is when the packets are collide with each other. When we connect other devices with the help of hub, then if one PC wants to send data to PC number five, RPC number four wants to send data to vc Number two, so packet will collide with each other. And so that's why it has this low speed. We have two types of hub. One is active hub, and one is passive home. Now what does that difference between active and passive or active verb is used to regenerate the signal. Like if you use active, then signal regeneration process will be there. Because we know that when we send data from one location to another location, then signal loss will be there. But in passive hub, there is a no signal regeneration. But there is no benefit nowadays to use hub because we have so many another devices are there which are faster than hub, because hub always broadcast. And if this is broadcasting again and again and again, then what will be the problem? Our network, we'll chalk. If network will jog, then speed will slow down. You are not able to access your data easily. To solve the hub problem, our network devices maker create another device, which name is a bridge. Now, bridges, bridges used to connect to the network devices with each other, as well as two networks with each other. Like for example, we have a one network hub here and we have a one network making with how making four pieces work together here. And for HPC work together there. If we connect the hub to hub with each other, than for example, PC1 wants to send data to PC number five, then this hub will broadcast, as well as this hub will also broadcast. Now, what is the benefit of bridge here? If we can add to have one port where the bridge and another port with also bred. So I will erase this. So I will erase this line. And now I'm going to add another network design here. How Bayes going to connect here with bridge? Second hub is also going to connect with the bridge. The benefit of bridges braid can understand the MAC address. We will understand what is MAC address. Mac addresses, Media Access Control address, that is physical permanent address. And with the help of that MAC address, one collision domain will be there and another collision domain will be there. So that's why our packets will not collide with each other if we use bridge. These are the functioning of hub and bridge. In my next class, I'm going to let you know about one of the most great device that name is network switch. Thank you so much. 3. Type and Use of Network Swicthes: Hello everyone, Welcome to our second class for networking device. In this class I'm going to explain one of the revolutionary network device, which name is switch. So y is basically switches also network device, which is used to connect another devices with each other, same as Hub. But there is a great advantages of using switch over hub because switch is a device which is the first time broadcast. Understand this line. First time it will broadcast. But after that, a unicast. Now it is a great advantages for us. Because if we are using hub and five pieces are connected using hub, then each and every time, every device going for broadcast. But if all the devices that are connected with sweet than five pieces are connected, I will make that design for you 12345. First-time if PC1 wants to send data to PC, fine. We'll broadcast same as Hub, but next time it will unicast PC1 to PC4 only. How is this possible? Because switch is a smart device. Now why is, which is called smart device? Switches called smart device because it can learn easily MAC addresses of devices that are connected to switch. Now, MAC address, media access control address media access control is physical permanent of PC. Physical permanent address, MAC addresses, hexadecimal address. Hexadecimal address means 0 to nine and a to F. Numbers and alphabets, both will be used. And MAC addresses your 48 bit address, in which 24 bits are signed by a manufacturer and 24 bits assigned by I Tripoli Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. So let's move on to the main part that each PC adds a unique MAC address. When switch is going to connect with PCs. For example, this PC has MAC address a, B, C and D. Then switch create automatically one MAC table. This table is also known as CAM table content address memory. Now you know that switch has port number like f 0 by one, by two, by three by four. It make the MAC table like this. 10 by 20 by three. When first peacekeeping with forth PC, it will broadcast. Then it will broadcast. It will learn that entry in the map table, like a number addresses where they have 0 by one and d number MAC address entry with the f 0 by four. And if, if it wants to send data back or it wants to communicate again with the D, Then at that time it will not broadcast. That's why it is better than hub. Because in hub, there is a broadcast again and again. But then switch there is only one time broadcast. Onetime bandwidth is used. But next time you can one-to-one data transfer easily. If we talk about the broadcast domain and collision domain of sweets, then I want to explain that switch has one broadcast domain, but many collision domain. Because if we are going to connect via switch, then we know that first-time switch will broadcast. So obviously it has one broadcast domain, but our pieces only first-time broadcast with each other. After that, they can transfer data one-to-one with each other. So they have many collision domain. If we talk about the types of switches, then we have manageable switch and unmanageable switch. Now what is the meaning of manageable and unmanageable switches? Manageable switch can be configured like you can set up anything on manageable switch. Unmanageable switch can not be configured. Like for example, we have two switches. Now how do you find with switches manageable and width switches? Unmanageable. Manageable switch has console port. But unmanageable switch don't have any console port. So console port is basically used to configure the switch. And on the other hand, if we talk about layered approach, if you know about OSI model, then we know that we have several layer of OSI and switch works on layer number two, but we have some special switches that works on layer three. Also. Layer two is data link layer. Layer three, network layer. So that's switches working on data link layer. They are called single layer switch or L2 Switch. Switches that are working on network layer. They are known as L3 switch or a multi-layer switch. Multi-layer switch. What is the benefit of using multilayer switches? For example, you don't have a router, then you can use your layer three switch working as a router. So in our next video, we will discuss about the van device named router. Thank you so much. 4. Type and Use of Network Router: Hello everyone, welcome to another class for network devices. In my last video, we have discussed about switches, including layer two switches as well as layer three switches. So I have told you that layer three switch can act as a router. But in actual, what is the router? Router is a van device. It is very important device of your networking because router is the actual device which is going to create Internet. Router is a device which is used for path determination from one network to another network. So we can say that it is used to define the path from source network to destination network. If we talk about hardware part of router, then we have four ports of routers. If we talk about routers support, then we have four types of ports available in our router. The first quote is Ethernet port, and the second port is AUX, auxiliary port. The First and Second is used for land connectivity and modern connectivity. The third part is very important console port that is going for configure the device. So it terminates. Code is used for land connectivity, and auxiliary port is used for modern connectivity. We will discuss about modem in our next class. And last is your serial ports. Serial port is basically not available in all the routers. You can add serial port in router if you want to create a network between router to router, we can connect router to router with Ethernet vote also. But if we want to change the concept like we have a router symbol like this. If we want to connect to router, to router, then you can use serial cable instead of Ethernet cable. Because when you are going to create a rack of network device, then it will help that router is using Ethernet port to create network with switch, and using serial port create network with the router. So we have four types of ports, and each port plays an important role of router. Router. We have some basic commands and modes of router. So basically we have three modes of routers. When you click on router or when you are going to configure why a console port. Then we have three basic modes, that is called user mode. Enabled mode. Enabled mode is also known as the privileged mode. Privilege. Like we can set some privileges on my router. And third and most important mode is a global configuration mode. In actual, all the configuration of router will be done in global configuration mode. We have so many sub mode of router, but the actual configuration is used in global configuration mode. So when you are going to configure that out, you have to start with the user mode. You have to enter in enable mode, but all the configuration is will be in global configuration mode. So in my next class, we are going to discuss about another network device that are used to create networks. Thank you so much. 5. Type and Use of Networl Firewal, Modem, Gateway and Repeater: Hello everyone. So in my last lecture we have discussed about router. Router is basically a van device which is used to connect various another networks with each other. But when you are going to create Internet, then you need more device including router. So in this video, we are going to discuss about some, another network device. So I'm going to start with the repeater. So basically repeater is a device which is used to regenerate the signal. Like we know that when the signal is traveling through the wires or cable media, then at some time when it is going from one city to another city, then signal strength maybe decrease. At that time. We have to use a repeat their name device, which is going to regenerate or boost the signal. Basically repeater is going to boost the signal, amplify the signal so we will not get a packet loss. So let's move on to my next device, which name is gateway? Basically get me out of two types. Hardware gateways, software gateway. Gateway is the exit point of your network. Now why we say exit point of network? Why we don't say entry point of network, because exit point is when you are in your network. Then there is one gate here. For example, there is a room and we have the door here. Then this is my network. All that devices are connected here. Then we exit from the network, then we use inner part of the door. But when we are going to enter them, we use the exit part. So that's why gateway is your exit point actually, because I am going to leave my own network and I'm entering in another network. If we are going to use a software gateway, then we can make a router as a gateway because the router is going to connect with switches and network. When these VC wants to exit from router, then this port will be the gateway. So let's move on to my next device. That is more than modem is basically a device which is going to use for modulation and demodulation. Now what is modulation demodulation? That is going to walk signal. We have discussed when repeater, it is used for boosting the signal, but modem is used for converting the signal. So if we are saying it is used for converting the signal, then we should know that we have two types of signals, analog and digital. So when our modem say, whenever mortem sees that our receiving information is from analog, but my exit device, my accent device is taking digital signal. So modern automatically change analog signal into digital. Some time it has to use the vice versa process. Like if we have digital signal, I want to change it into analog, then also modern will work. So my next device is very important, which name is firewall? Basically, we are not saying it is a network device. It is a network security devices. Firewall is a device which is used to prevent unauthorized access from outside. Access from outside. Because basically, we use this device to deny the excess of our private network from public. Firewall is working like a security guard, for example, I'm working in a company and my company has a security guard on the door. Security guard will check the person after that. It will allow if if if it is checking that that person is authenticated, if the person don't have any authenticity, then firewall will deny. That's why this is the device for security. So in my next video, we are going to discuss about shared media cable, and also which devices are used to create cable. Thank you so much. 6. Type and Use of Network Cables Lan Card and Wifi Card: Hello everyone. In our last video, we have discussed about repeater, modem gateway firewall. In this class, we are going to discuss one of the most important shared media of network device. That is cables. Cables are the shared media which is going to connect with all the network device. And you can transfer your data from one device to another device. So we have three types of cables in my network. We have fiber optics cable, We are coaxial cable. And at last, the cable that is going to use in, in planet, that is twisted pair cable. Fiber optics cables are the fastest cable which carry the data from one location to another location very fast. It can be also used in submarine cable concept. Coaxial cable is used in telephony media lines, like we have television, we have another telephone lines. So coaxial cable is used in that part, but twisted pair cable is used in Intranet. You are working in a company. Your pieces are connected with switches. And another devices that can be where the twisted pair cable, twisted pair cable is of two types. One is a straight cable. One is cross table. Straight cable is used to connect different devices with each other. For example, you want to connect PC2 switch, switch to router. So if we have different devices than we can use, trade cable and cross cable is used to connect the same devices with each other. For example, PC to PC, router to router, switch to switch. Yes, we have one special case. If we directly want to connect PC2 router, then in that case we have this different devices, but we use a crossover cable. So if you want to get that detailed description of cable, then on Skillshare, we have uploaded cable part by the different topics. So you can check that class in Skillshare only. Now, twisted pair cable is using RJ45 connector. Like if you want to make twisted pair cable, then we need RJ45 connector. Rj45 connector is going to connect with Our Land card. Land card is known as network interface card, which is basically used for storing them MAC address. Mac address. Now, what is MAC address? Mac addresses Media Access Control address, which is the physical identity of your device's MAC addresses, hexadecimal address, and also 48 bit address. The 24 weights from the manufacturer and 24 bits from the I triple E use You'd of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, which is going to standardize the MAC address. So land card is going to connect to with the RJ45 connector. Rj45 connector is attached with the cable. So land card is going to connect with you with a switch router or any other device with the help of RJ45 connector. And if you don't want to use cable media, we have a Wi-Fi card in other laptops. Wi-fi card also works the same as land card. They also store the MAC addresses with that, but they are working on radioactive waves. So they are working with the radiations. So we are done with the cable land card and Wi-Fi card. Thank you so much.