Pattern Play: Mastering Affinity Designer on the iPad

1. Welcome: Let's create a mesmerizing digital pattern inspired by the serene beauty of snowflakes. Through this class project, you'll apply the techniques learned in pattern play to craft a unique and stunning digital pattern using affinity designer. On your ipad, we'll explore snowflake styles, dive into affinity designer and start learning the tools needed. We'll create our very own pattern preview template and we'll get to starting on creating your first digital pattern in affinity designer. Then we'll learn how to properly export your patterns into a file. Let's get started. Welcome again. I'm Katie from Percha Made. Today we're going to have fun, you know, enjoying the coldness outside of January. Although right now it's just kind of raining here in the Pacific Northwest. But, you know, grab a cup of tea, cocoa something. Picture the snow falling outside and you know, just we're going to get into creating snowflake patterns in affinity designer, having fun with that. Tell me what is your favorite thing about winter? Is it the snow like crunching under your boots? Is it sitting inside with a cup of cocoa or tea or something and just that coziness or maybe you have pets that have fun in the snow, pop that in the chat and I want to see 37 there. Fog and drizzle. Yep. Last weekend we had with wind chill about 13 degrees here and a big ice storm came in, we lost power. We had hot cocoa. I had hot soup just before the power went out. I chucked everything into my instant pot and kept it nice and warm for the day. When dinner came along, we had almost hot soup. It cooled down a little bit. Yeah, Cozy vibes. Yes. Kim, I am all about the cozy vibes. I am not here for the cold last year when it did snow here at the beach, it snowed all over the beach, and we got to walk down to town and walk onto the beach. And that's a really cool experience because it doesn't happen very often. But then we hightailed it back inside and had a good, nice, warm day. You're in Ontario? Oh, nope. Yep. No, thanks. Too cold for me. Too cold for me. I just heard something and I'm hoping my front door didn't just like come open. I'm going to just leave it a little bit and see what happens. Let's get going. Today we're going to be learning affinity designer on the ipad and this is affinity version two. It's an intermediate course affinity designer, but it's a beginner course for making. Really what we're going to be doing today is learning how to make the pattern work. Um, I'll walk you through each step. If you are a beginner in Infinity designer, you might want to watch some of my other classes. I have some. I'm going to pop up a little bit later. I have my very first beginner course that didn't make it to skill share but did make it to my patrion. Things happened, It's fine. I'm going to redo it later but I will pop it up for you if you need it. Also, if you are a beginner and you want to follow along, just sit back. I will walk through every step because I'll be looking down at my ipad a lot of the time and it's just me. I will be answering questions. At the end of each module, I have about six modules to go through. We'll walk through all of those at the end. All right. Let's go for our first walking through the resources. All right. 2. Walking-thru the Resources: Walking through the resources. Quick question. Do you have any questions? Before we get started, I'm going to have a sip of tea real quick. Little bit slow on the uptake. If you don't have any questions, I am going to get going. You should have gotten my PDF for this class, Okay? No questions. Great. You should have gotten the download in your e mail today. I know I set it up a little bit differently and there was a little bit of a glitch. Hopefully you got your downloads, the Youtube link is there. All of your downloads are at the bottom of the page. If you hit the download button here, it will download. And you can tell it where told, I always save my two files That way I can pull them up later. We have the template as well. I am going to be walking through the template so that you don't have to well, let me put that. We're not actually going to pull up the template today, but I want you to have it in case you lose what you're going to make today. In case you just want to have it on hand on file. But I will walk you through making the template today. Let's go back here also, snowflake inspiration. I'm going to show you off snowflakes and those are on a website that a artist wrote about a different artist's artwork or pictures then. Yeah, and then there's the color palette as well. Okay. You haven't been able to download because of tech issues? Okay. Let me know if that's still an issue I could see about popping them into the chat. Was that the main problem, Kim, that you didn't get them properly? Okay. No trouble downloading. Okay, perfect. All right, let's move forward with getting comfortable with affinity designer. 3. Getting Comfortable Affinity Designer : Comfortable with affinity designer. I love it when we have ipad issues. I don't fun fact, affinity designer, When I first started using it I really hated it. I had a really hard time getting to know it and I didn't have any experience with the other vector programs. Maybe a couple of like the free downloads that I still just never really understood. I took some classes on a finite designer. I download the app, tried it out, and I was like, no, I don't have time for this, it's taking me too much time, Things are still not coming out right. Fast forward, another year I decided to get back into it. I decided to take the time, make the effort, and just put all my energy into figuring it out, rewatching things. I finally got it. Now I love it. I love mixing it with procreate to get a little bit more of a hand drawn look from procreate that I pull into affinity designer. I have another class on that that is my asset class and shows you how to do that. That's a good one. Let's go over our A designer tools. Let me open up my ipad and I'm going to pull that open. If you're new to a Pineda designer, this is how it will look set up. I have these all set into projects to help keep each of my projects organized. This is my patterns for me. I like to have a cover for each one. This is just a cover pattern and then all of my patterns in one spot. I'm actually going to keep that open. Then we're going to do what? Some of the places that we will look for is you've got your lives, these are all your live documents. You can close them out and they'll go away, but they save to a file on your Cloud or on ipad. I have everything set to go to the Cloud, so I can pull it up on my computer or I can pull it back up here. But really just leave them in my live docs. If you want to make a document, you can come over here. You can pull in new document, pull from the clipboard. If you copy something from another place and want to paste it, you can pull from the clipboard or you can pull the new template. The downloads that you've got today are going to help. That's where you'll find your templates because it's saved as a template. You'll open template. I have mine saved in a whole template file, and my pattern originals. If I want to do one, I can just pull it up here. Another thing that is really great about this, when you open, let's just open, let's open this one for now. If you are needing to know what these toggles are on your ipad, you can hit the question mark and it tells you what everything is. The top is specific to your left side of your screen. If you're on node, then it's going to show you something different up top. And same with move or your pen tool, it's all going to change up here. You also have your personas, it's always set to designer, but if you want to go to pixel, then you can draw in pixels. You have pixels and vectors, or rasters and vectors. Your rasters are pixilated, Pcr raster based. And it will, it won't be smooth. On the outside, vectors are smooth. No matter how big or small you get them, they're going to stay smooth. But you can create raster or pixilated drawings on top of your vector prints. You just have to realize what size you're setting them at. Don't size up from that size. You may size down, but you can't size up. Switch back to the screens. I'm going to open a new document. Quick sets. Okay, let me show you how I did that. New. Do I have presets set over here? I'm going to go to my 2000 square. It's 300 pixels down here. I'm going to say create an artboard, It's in RGB. You can change that to CYMK, your different gray scales. I just keep it in R GB and hit okay. When you're drawing a shape, you can use the shape tool. That's what we're going to be using today for the most part. Here is your shape tool right here. You can click on it and choose a lot of different shapes Here, I'm going to choose the diamond, You can just slide it out here. This little red dot right here changes the angle at which your diamond is set. At any time you want to take that away, you can hit undo that goes back one spot. You can do another one to get it back. Three fingers brings it back for you. If you want to bring up your quick menu, you can do three fingers. Oops, quick swipe down. If you want to duplicate it, you want to copy, you can cut it out. You can change it to a raster. Change it to curves. You can do all those things with a three finger swipe. All right. Any questions before we move forward? Perfect. 4. Exploring Patterns: Now we're going to explore some more patterns. I have a bunch of different patterns on my website that I've created over the years. This is one, and this one looks like it might be a half drop, but it's actually a full drop repeat set with a three, a three spot pattern. That's from Luis D from the 1,800 It's really classic pattern book that has a lot of different techniques. That's a full drop pattern. Here is another one that is a full drop pattern. And full drop means that it creates a square on the page. Here's my pattern. It's just one in the center, and the four corners are squared, and my pattern is a square motif. Then if you have a drop pattern, let me find another one that is the drop. This one I have the one pattern in the center of the page, but as you can see, it goes over and down. That's a half drop pattern. Half drop pattern means that it goes over one and down half a page. Affinity designer is really great at helping you make all of these possible very easily. It's all down to math. If you use this tool over here says the transform tool allows you to pick a part of a design, you can add or subtract in the design. Makes it perfectly easy for it, makes it easy for creating really perfect pattern designs. All we're going to move forward in creating our pattern design pattern template. But are there any questions before we get started? Are there hex codes? I can enter an opening. Things? Yeah, we'll download that real quick right now. Actually, we'll do it when we start putting together our pattern because we have to be in an open program first. Let's do that real quick. We're going to be setting up our pattern template. Moving into the next step, okay. 5. Setting Up Your Full-Drop Pattern Template: We're going to be setting up our pattern template and moving into the next step. Okay, so let me just get this ready. We're going to open up our new document. I'm going to start with a very brand new document. I'm just going to keep it at the 2000, Create my artboard and make sure it's at 300 DPI. And hit okay, let's do the color first, pop on your color. Let's go to Swatches. Click on Swatches and the hamburger at the top here. That's where we're going to import our palette. I always import as application palette. That way every, um, every design I use, I can use that color pattern. I have mine all saved snowflakes and the resources. This is where you can hit wherever you saved it on your computer, find it. And then you can just upload the pattern and it comes right into your swatches here. Is that easy enough? I hope so. Now I'm going to click on My layers again. You can click the question mark over here if you don't know where layers are, and click on Layers. If you hit the three little dots over here, and I don't have a layer selected yet, select the board, the three, then I'm going to tap on where it says boards. I'm going to rename this as my pattern. This is the board that is the 2000 square board that I'm going to rename pattern. If you see it says pattern here, then I'm going to go to my sandwich up a top and hit artboards again. It doesn't seem like I did anything, but if I drag it over, I'm creating another artboard. And I'm going to go to my transform tool here. And I'm going to re do the size at 4,000 and hit okay. And 4,000 if you're having issues, just make sure that this is not set to a different little number or to have that infinity logged in when you're making the initial size. Because anytime that's clicked and you change one side, it makes it even on the other. You can keep that turned off. Now I'm going to go back to my layer panel. Since board is already selected, hit the three little buttons here and type in pattern, or sorry, this is going to be our repeat board. I'd like to have them named. You can make this any size starting off, but no matter what size this one is, it needs to be double for your repeat board. Since this one is 2000, this one should be 4,000 That was 3,000 then it needs to be 6,000 Okay. Now we're going to add a rectangle onto the pattern board. And we're going to work on the pattern board. Make sure that's toggled here. I'm I have my snapping turned on. If it were turned off, it'd be gray. But since it's black, that means it's turned on Ops. Let's do this. Sometimes it gets spinicky if you make it a little smaller to begin with. And then bring it up when all the colors light up like that. With the red and green, it means that it's full size. I can also check that here by hitting the transform tool and know that it's 2000 by 2000, I am going to lock that in place here. I'm also going to go to my swatches. I'm going to make it white on the full color here. And then the outline color, I'm going to make white as well. You need to have. Both of those filled in at the same color so that it doesn't create a line in your repeat later. I'm also going to slide that over to the left and hit Lock. Now I'm going to also create a group. I know it's just one thing, but I'm going to make it a group by hitting this little file button here. And hitting Group. I'm going to take this group, come over to this button here that is the Symbols button. I'm going to hit Symbol, since that group is still highlighted. When I go to Symbol, I'm going to go to the sandwich or the hamburger up here, and add symbol from selection. Okay, now it has a yellow, a yellow dot and it says symbol here that is going to help create our repeat on our next art board. Now I'm going to move to my repeat board. In the repeat board, I'm going to go to my symbols again and see I have that group here. And I'm going to hit Insert. That just dropped that symbol into this board. I'm going to move it into the corners. You can, oops, hit the move tool and lock it into the corners. And you can see because the X position is at zero and the Y position is at zero, that it's all set. Now I'm going to repeat that process it symbols, hit Insert, and I'm going to drop this one. I'm going to hit the move tool, make sure I'm going to drop that into the corner. Down at the bottom. That one's at zero, X is at zero, x axis, and this is your y axis. But y is a 2000, because the top of it starts at 2000. I can see that I have two symbols there right now. I like to group them in the lines. I'm going to hit group. You want these going vertical down the way. I can do the three finger swipe and hit Duplicate. But you can also hit the three buttons up here and hit Duplicate. Now I have this group, and I want to move it over 2000. I'm going to set this at 2000, and it moves it into the next place. We have the first one, then we have the second one. I know it's all white, but I'm going to show you what happens next. If you open those up, they show all the symbols, right? But now if I go back to the pattern board, open symbols and click on my rectangle. Watch what happens when I change the color. All of the colors change. Then you have to switch over to the line and put that as the same color. See when you don't have it. When you don't have that, you see the line there. But if you have the line, then it's gone. I'm also going to lock these. I don't accidentally move them like I just did a minute ago. Lock lock the repeat box because I don't need to have those moving. All right? This is also the time if you want to put a logo in, I would put it into the repeat artboard and not have it sync That way when you share your designs later you can have your logo right on there. I'll show you how I put mine in. I have mine saved in my assets, which is really helpful if I can find them. There you go. I have them saved in my assets, so I can just pop it in and pop it into my design, and then I lock it there and it's saved there. But right now I'm going to just take that out and delete it. I don't need that there right now. Yeah, this really helps you don't forget your logo because it's going to be saved in your template and it will be there at all times. I'm going to go back and change this color back to white. I don't know if you noticed in the color palettes, I always give you a true black, a true gray, and a true white. You know that they're always there in your color palettes. I have this set up, it's ready to go, and I have this one locked. Now, I'm going to save this as a template, hit the hamburger, and hit export as a template. And rename what template you want it to be called. This would be full drop and perch and handmade. I don't know about you, but I save everything with my design company name, every file has that. Then I save it to this one. Since I had just had it opened, it's I'm saving it to my pattern originals. I already have it there, so I don't need to save mine. But you can save yours. Really watch this a few times if you need to for figuring out how to make that pattern template. It makes creating so much easier. You can actually just start making a pattern and make your pattern a template as well. And just take away some of the stuff when you need to or if you find a pattern you really like and you want to change the colors, all you have to do is go in and change the colors because it will be all set. But that's a different class, we'll do a different day. Are there any questions moving forward? I think we're ready to move on to the next lesson, which is, and I don't know why those aren't working at the moment, creating your first pattern. 6. Creating Your First Pattern: Creating your first pattern. Definitely watch a few more times. Yeah, Like I said, I had to watch them many times to get going. It's hard to keep up a. I understand. Okay, I'm putting my glasses on and we are going to the next phase. Some reason my keyboard thing isn't working very well. Here we are. We have our template already made. I'm going to work just in the pattern. I have my repeat on lock, so I don't accidentally move anything around. Open up your layers, open up your pattern. We are going to first off, just start working on creating a diamond shape today, I want to make it really easy. We're create a diamond using the shape tool. Go back to the shape tool button over here. Hit diamond and create a diamond shape. I'm going to start mine off here. I'm going to use my move tool over in the corner here. I'm going to keep it centered on the page. And keep it on this tip here is on that red line, it's centered that way. I'm going to go back to this move tool. I think that's where I want to keep that. And moving here, okay, we're on our shape here. What I'm going to add to this, before I even get started, I'm going to create everything I want on this shape. I'm going to change the color of that shape real quick. I don't like having my edges done. I turn that color off and I'm going to change my fill color. I like that blue. Now, I'm going to make another have my diamond shape still filled. I'm going to have the move tool and I'm going to change that color real quick. It doesn't matter what color this one is, I'm going to zoom in. This one, like I said, doesn't need to have a color really associated to it. I'm just doing the pink so you can see the difference and keep it on the green line so it's even. Now if I go to my layers, if I click slide to the right on both of them, that means they're both selected. I'm going to go over here to Shape Builder and click on Shape Builder. I'm going to hit just the center and the minus. That means I deleted it another way here, I'm going to go back and undo. Another way you can do this is with the move tool you can go to. When you have moved tool, you go up to your geometry and subtract. That will take it away. Now you're down to one curve. Anything in your layers is called curves unless it's the shape made with the shape tool. A minute coupa. All right, now I have this shape started. I'm going to close that. The swipe down sometimes makes them move a little bit. For me, I duplicate by hitting the three buttons. And hit Duplicate, because I want it to not move on my page. Now I have two of these. I'm going to go to my transform. First, I'm going to change my anchor to the bottom corner or bottom center. Then I'm going to go to rotation right here and hit 60. And hit okay, and just moved it. 60 degrees on the page. Now since it's, since you can still see it connected here, I'm going to hit the three buttons and hit Duplicate. Because that pattern is still in that function without touching anything else. I keep duplicating until the product is finished and I've got six points Now you can see all of my curves right here. You can't see them over here yet because they're not within the symbol. But what I can do is slide them all to the right. Another way to do this is if you hit the top button and then two fingers on the bottom that gets everything. Then if I hit the geometry tool and add, that makes it one pattern and not multiple. If I just did that. Let me show you. If I just move one, then it goes back this way, but I want to have them all connected. I'm going to go back up here. Add, I'm going to make sure that it's on my center. I've got the green line and the red line, that means it's on the center. Now if I pull this down, I can either open this and place it in the center, or I can just hold on here and see how it moves. When I place it on top of symbols, the whole line turns blue. That'll pull it into the center and then makes your pattern happen. Exciting. Yeah. Duplicating is way genius. I don't know, there's some loud noise outside. I hope you guys can't hear it, but it's just where we're at. We have our first design in our pattern and our pattern preview is working for us. I'm going to change my background because I want to different color. I think I want it a little bit lighter. I'm going to go for the light purple. I want to add, oops, something else. I'm going to lock my rectangle. When I swipe across, it doesn't move, but this is where we can start adding more details. I'm going to go back over to my shape builder, go back to diamond. Let's put one off to the side. I'm going to make it thinner. This one, I'm going to start with this, I'm going to change my color. I'm going to start with the shape like this. We can't see it over here, but that's okay. What I'm going to do now, I'm going to make another shape. Get my move tool. I'm going to bring that to the center. I'm going to make this one look a little different because Why not? You can see because the shape and the lock is on. It's bring it to the center of this one. I'm going to change that color real quick. I'm anytime you make a shape, going to take it out of your symbols pattern and you just will have to bring it back in. But I'm going to take the two and I'm going to go up here. Actually, you know what, I'm going to add a little bit more to this one. I'm going to do the shape again. Go back to my diamond. Pop over to my move tool. Getting move tool up here and get that because lock is on. I know all the corners are touching. Bring it up, bring it out. I'm going to make it a little bit bigger. Now, I'm going to make them all one color and that's okay. This one. I'm going to go to my Shape Builder here. Go to the Shape Builder, I'm going to make sure all of those are connected, all three of them are clicked. And if I hit this one and this one. I can hit Ad. And that makes one shape, it cut out, the one that we didn't do. Let me show you that again. Can you see the blue lines? When I do this, there's some blue lines on this one and blue lines here, but there's no blue lines here. And ad, and it creates one full shape. All right, now I'm on this one and I'm going to hit the three lines. I'm going to hit Duplicate. Go down to transform. It's still at the bottom of. My anchor is still at the bottom center because that's where I left it before. I'm going to hit 60 in the rotation again because it's too wide. I don't like that one. I'm going to go back up here and start this over again. I'm actually going to go to my layer and delete it, because I want the process to just happen naturally. Go to my transform tool. I'm going to change my anchor to the top center. Hit 60, okay? And then duplicate, duplicate, duplicate, duplicate. Now we have six, but it's off the side, and that's okay. Let's hit the top one here and two at the bottom. That highlights everything and hit the geometry. And then the Add button. Now I'm going to move it to where I want it to be. I am going to pull it down on top of the symbols and I'll bring it in. Look, now it's there. One thing I want is I want to center this in the corner. You can see you've got your green, your green line and your red line. I know it's perfectly centered in the corner. But when I open this up, see it's one corner here. But on my preview, I can only see it in parts of the corners. I can't see it in all of my spaces. What I have to do is I need to duplicate this and set it into all of my corners. I'm going to pop off of this and pop back on, just to make sure that sometimes when you're using duplicate, if you're staying on the same subject, it will continue to duplicate it how you did it before. If you pop back on again, then it restarts the duplication process. I'm going to hit Duplicate, and it's still right here. And I'm going to go to transform. I want the x and y axis to change because it's on this side. I want to add 2000 and it brought it over, but still we don't have any on the bottom because we haven't filled in the bottom yet. Now I'm going to hit both of them and slide to the right on both of them. Hit Duplicate. Go to my transform tool, and we're working on the Y axis now. And we're going to hit Add 2000. It brings it all the way because it's the corner, we have to have four. Then I'm going to group those. I know that that's one group. And anytime I move that one group, it's set. You can't move them if you have one over here and just on the left side or the right side. You can't change the shape or rotate because if you do, it changes how it looks. But you can move them on the x and y axis. We just made a repeat. How are you feeling about that? Are we loving it? Is it so good? I love this. It makes it so easy. Having just a quick design put together makes it really easy for making your patterns using the shape builder, I was a little scared, I'm not going to lie. The shape builder, when I first was like trying to learn, it seems so scary to me. Instead, I would use the geometry tool, but sometimes that didn't work right. When I finally figured out really how easy the shape tool is, I was just like, boo mind blown, here's our pattern, here's our repeat. Yeah. You can use them both, sending them off. Although I do have some problems sometimes because of the way the groups are, some of these things are above others. Or if you're using pictures that have a little transparency, they overlap funny. When you are sharing this, sending out to say spoon flour to license, always send your pattern, not your repeat, because sometimes those don't add up, right? But your pattern will always add up, right? This is really just a preview for your own so you can see it happening in real time. All right, do we have any questions before we move on? I don't think so. I think we're about ready to go. The next one, we're going to be talking about exporting and showcasing. 7. Exporting and Showcasing: Are going to be exporting and showcasing our artwork. Some reason that my keyboard is not working, it might have just died on me and that's why it's not working for me. Hopefully, that's the biggest technical issue I have. It seems like the class is going okay so far. Exporting, like I was saying a minute ago, ex pattern design versus your repeat. Definitely, if you want to share your repeat with other people and like on social media, then share your repeat because Spi might not be seeing the flaws that might pop up sometimes like the extra color or sometimes they don't layer properly. I have found that doing the vertical works better for your groups, for how it showcases later on. But let's talk about exporting. Exporting, we want to come up to the hamburger and hit export, right? And this is where it gets into whether, how you want to export it. I usually do a J Peg in the area. I come over to my, my pattern art board because that's the only one I want to export now. And you can double check that because the size is 2000 by 2000. If it's all of the area, the whole document, it's not going to be even. This is where you say you want to showcase it on social media. I would bring the size down to 1080 square. I would bring the quality down to 75% You don't want to put your best artwork on social media. You don't want a copy that somebody could just pick up and have perfect pattern designs or perfect edges. So this is when you bring the quality down and the size down, then you just hit, you can preview it right to make sure you're sending out the correct things. So your pixel format, you can change here if you want. Gray scale or CYMK or RGB, if you're sharing on social media, it needs to be RGB. But some print companies require CYMK, made a document in CYM K, but want to put it on social media. This is where you would change format and don't use the document format and vice versa if you made it an RGB, but want to share it as CYMK or export it that way, that's how you do that. Then you just hit. Okay, Because I have the size, I have a hit. Okay. And then you can title it here and save it to whichever file you want to save it to. I don't need to save this one just yet, but that's how you export it. Saving it in here, like I was just here. I went back in the corner button, back to my live documents. And you want to make sure you save here, give it a name. Purple Snowflake, a made and hit Save. I will pop it in to this one. Since mari and snowflakes, I'm going to save it here. You can move these around by getting them to toggle on and off. I'm going to move these back closer to my other snowflakes. Then you want to share, share them on social media. Share them on Instagram. Like I was saying, don't use high quality. Do put your logo if you're sharing on Instagram That way it comes back to more ways to protect your artwork. There are always going to be people out there who will try to take your artwork. This is just one more way to help protect yourself. Something I forgot to show earlier but we can show it now. Is the macro snowflakes that I love, all the different inspirational. These are real snowflakes that a gentleman took photos of and captured them on his camera. In macro form, like this is a real snowflake, it's incredible. Another snowflake, so you can gather your inspiration, create beautiful, beautiful designs. Have fun creating snowflake patterns. More other patterns. Yeah, it's really great. 8. Thank You!: What was your favorite part from today? I'd love to hear it. I'd love for that to pop into the chat. I, I love creating these designs, but I love the simplicity that can happen to create a really just timeless piece. Okay, you've created these beautiful snow flakes. Today, we've had a fairly quick introduction to pattern design. I really can't wait to see your designs. Remember to share them on social media. Tag me, perch mad if you do remember to use the hash tag creating. Hm, That's my personal hash tag when you're doing artwork, it's a fun one. You can see everybody's artwork if you search that hashtag. Yes, it is simple. It doesn't have to be complicated. I think that's what held me back for so long, was thinking how complicated it really was, but it doesn't have to be. This is jumping off point for creating, um, having fun doing it. Right? So, thank you so much. Thanks Kim, for watching today, and thanks to all the friends who will be watching in the future. Have a good one. Bye.