Learn Italian language: a complete Italian course - from beginner to intermediate levels

1. 0 - Introduction to the course: Chow? Are you ready to learn Italian? Whether you're planning a trip, studying or working, learning Italian will certainly elevate your skills. So Zipa, an English teacher living in Italy, my lessons are simple yet useful. Focusing on what you'll genuinely need in everyday situations. Take a look around. The most courses out there are centered around grammar. But in my experience, that's not the most effective way to truly grasp a language. Relying solely on grammar, what equip you to speak and communicate naturally. That's why this course place a strong emphasis on communication and speaking skills. Of course, you will pick up grammar through engaging conversations. I had to learn Italian myself when I moved here. I understand the struggles and what you need. Come and join me on this journey. You will end up chatting Italian like a pro in no time. 2. 1 - Getting to know: alphabet and pronunciation: Hello, this is me, Ziba. You are going to learn Italian with me. You know that Italian is a very poetic and sweet language, so why don't we start learning it with the pronunciation. You know, each language has a different rule of pronunciation. This applies to Italian as well. Sometimes the pronunciation can be tricky in each language and makes us confused. Now we are going to learn the name of each letter and the pronunciation. Then an example. A, alberto sounds always a in it. It's not like English that you can say. It depends really on the word. Meanwhile in it is always be Sabato come China. Yeah, this is different and we're going to get back to this later. Next D, the doorway and ammo. How about this, did you say this is? Sounds like like estate fed espresso. Next, Fft here is a tricky one. G, G to get. We're going to get back to this later. Aca. How about the sound? Did you just say hotel? Aca is always silent in Italian. We don't pronounce it hotel. Whenever you find H Aca, Italian do not pronounce it, especially if it's at the beginning of a word. Did you say this is sounds like no. Glu L luce mao mentre novo chi o papa quindi re ramo is not role as it is in English, it sounds like Spanish. So also it is called guess what? U is more common to hear rather than in a Z as you notice, as pronounced as it is in German. Did you notice there were some missing letters like J, K, Y, right? Because these are missing in Italian language. And these are called foreign letters such as Lunga. Lunga depends on the word. Really consider Jeep. Jeep is a brand and of course everybody would call it Jeep. This name, right? Jacopo, it sounds like it depends on the word Pa. It always sounds like Kuala, Keia, pia, Windows, extra, your Maya. You will find these letters mainly in the words that are borrowed from English, most of the times from English. Let's say the pronunciation is the same as it is in English. This is the end of the alphabet in letters. 3. 2 - Pronunciation Tricks to sound like Mario Rossi: How about the pronunciation tricks? How about other rules? Let's get back to this. If there is H, aca, like aca sounds like Burke. And if there is E, C, I, O plus it sounds like choco, cho. And this rule applies to as well an like Julia to, otherwise it would sound like let's wait. If there is, then the next leader is not that. Here's a tricky one. N Nomo, Niki? It sounds like the one in Spanish. This later in here. Plus L, L here. We don't sound and we don't pronounce as we are used to. Like it's silent. Well, it's not even silent. Plus L has a very different pronunciation. How would you read this word? Clio. We will pronounce it as foo. How about this Conlioio? There's one more paire are some exceptions like Anglican. But guess what? A is the one that you will hear the most. This is the common pronunciation that you would hear or sounds like shena share. This part was about the combination of letters. In this part, we are more focused on the general pronunciation rules. What are the general rule? The very first one is whatever letter you see, you have to follow the letters and read them. There is no surprise pronunciation in there. Once you know and you learn the rules, then you are good to go. It's not like as it is in English, it's different. Sometimes it's really surprising and you have to check it on the dictionary to make sure in Italian, just follow the letters. Just follow the rules that you have learned. What's more double letters? Be careful whenever you see the double letters. Make sure that you pronounce both letters, such as T, cafe, double F. I have to pronounce both Cafe latte, late cappuccino. Cappuccino. Some words have different meanings. How can we understand the stress of the can change the meaning? Sometimes a, a link the words as we do in English. They should be, they have to be pronounced separately. We link them. This is important if you do it, so they will get confused. Whenever you see double, then the sound of is very soft, like la casa baz base and completely different meaning. Now you know all the rules about pronunciation. Of course, it takes exercises and practicing to master this pronunciation. Once you learn the general rules, you can read Italian easily. But of course, sometimes you need to make sure that you have got the right to stress on words. See your next lesson to. 4. 3 - Say more than a "Ciao": So Ziba, Hi, welcome to the new lesson, the second lesson of Italian course. This lesson we are going to learn how to ask someone's name and how to ask how they are. Plus, we're going to learn a bit of grammar today. Let's get ready. Ziba and Piacerebbe. Easy, right? Now it's your turn. Why don't we have a conversation together, right? So, I start first, Bait, Be Gracie. Now let's have a little bite of grammar. Let's start with pronounce to Le Louis. As you notice in the conversation, you heard two verbs. So ziba, sona, right? The both sentences so means I am, I am Ziba, I'm good. What's the difference? We're going to find it out later. Now, let's just conjugate them. The first is is the most important verb in Italian grammar. Why? Because it's one of the auxiliaries in the grammar. So to say, no, camo o lo. So right, so lo, it's exactly the same. The second be derives from the star. Now let's conjugate it. Sta noi, stiamo voi state loro stanno. Let's get back to the meaning because I know that this is a bit confusing. Because what's the difference, so been, or what's the difference? The difference is a tub, The same tub study goes with the adverbs. Male is an adverb in Italian grammar. Meanwhile, if I want to say something like I'm happy, I'm sad, which are adjectives? I would say so f, to say felice, but not to felice. Yes, this is the end of the lesson. You just learn how to ask someone's name and how they are in Italian plus two verbs in Italian. But have you noticed you just learned questions in Italian grammar? Yeah, that's very easy. Just check this. Sara stape, Santa Stab Louis macro lucro, right? Just change your intonation and you are good to go. This is how you make question in Italian. Here we are at the end of the lesson. Make sure you download the PDF for the additional info. See you next lesson. 5. 4 - And how about asking "How old are you?: In this lesson, you are going to learn the negation of the verbs in Italian and ask someone's age and plus a n. Let's learn numbers. I'm going to say the numbers 0-200 Uno due quatro chingue. Say Te Otto no undid di Quidditch V now 20-100 via Quanta Santa Santa Ana. Now to say 36, How to say 52? How to say 93? No hundreds duo atoootcento novecento. Okay, let's have a conversation. Marco Norco, Lucca. Quite entice the verb is or aca. It derives from the verb a means to are as one of the most important verbs in Italian after, let's say both of them are equally important because verbs are auxiliary verbs in Italian language. Now, let's learn how to conjugate it. Yes, H ca is silent to Louis. No. A piano. Voi avete lo how to say she is 36. Tray Sa is 52, Sarah. Yeah. In English you simply can delete. Get rid of years old. However, in Italian doesn't work like that. Always as you noticed, we say she has 36 years old, they have 50 years old. What was the question again? Quant quantity is not just how old, it's something like how many quantity. This was one of the question words that you just learned. And how to negate the verbs. Yeah, just simply add none before the verb and you're going to go the verb. It. Does it work just to ask for someone's age? No, it's not. It's exactly like the verb to have in English. Like I have a here is a tricky one. A tricky sentence for You can go probably. You have heard to. Yeah, I have a dog. But what about the second one? To the second means I have a dog or a cat. Now that you just started learning Italian, it sounds very tricky, but when it's reading H, O Aca, it's very easy to recognize. When people are speaking in Italian, of course, you will recognize that which they're talking about. It's not that much tricky. Just as a little reminder that you can make a question like asking, do you have any cats? Do you have a cat? Cat? No, I don't have a cat. No. Non cato. See you next. Listen, Joe. 6. Is This a 5-Star Course?: Hey, it's Ziba here, and I hope you're enjoying the course and it meets your five star expectations. If it doesn't, I always is striving to improve the course and would appreciate your feedback on how I can make it better. Just a quick note to let you know that, your reviews can make a big difference in boosting the course. I love creating courses, and I'm serious about delivering quality content. If you've enjoyed this one so far, just scan the QR code here to access my other course. For a discount, make sure that you download the PDF file for this lesson. 7. 5 - Questa è la lezione numero 5!: Chop and welcome to the new lesson. In this lesson, we're going to learn some words plus how to say this is and that is. Let's start now. You are going to hear some random words like Ptaa tempo, Lip, did you notice the last litter? The final litter? I'm going to repeat pianta via machina tempo. What does it mean? Means the word is masculine in Italian, if you see the final litter is a, or to say it means it's fuminine. Let's have some more examples. Pena, Sadia, Bota. What was the final letter it was? It means they were all feminine. The words are either masculine or feminine. They have a gender. It is not like English or any other languages that are gender neutral. In Italian, each word, gender is that all Zipa. Are we done with this? Listen, of course not. There are some exceptions. There are some words that the final letter is not an or it's a. It can be masculine or feminine. Is there any way to recognize that? Yes, But before that, we need to memorize those words. Take coffee, for example. Guess what? It's a masculine one or a, which means key, K. Is it a masculine No, this is a feminine one. Iave cafe. Before getting to those crazy exceptions, let's have some fun learning this and that. Quoll. How to say this book. Book, but how to say this Apple, Questa me. Did you notice utatlib, the final letto? It's easy, right? Just make sure that they agree. Now, let's get back to those crazy exceptions which make a problem for us. Speaking of which problem, problem, problema, which ends with a, it's mosquito. It's a masculine one, It's questo problema. Funny, right? Take this radio ends with an A, as am questa Radio hand, right? Mao questo. Just to complete the lesson, let's get back to how to say that. Car que machina for the masculine ones. For the masqule, one thing to remember is that when a word is mascula, such as make sure that you drop all when it's that coffee, like when the initial liter is able. Then que apostrophe and then the word like queens que ologio. This is it. Remember, 90% of the times you can guess the gender afterwards by the final letter. However, this is not all. We should always check the dictionary and look it up to make sure that we have got the right gender. See you next lesson. O. 8. 6 - Things start to get challenging with articles!: Hello everybody. This is me. Ziba with no less. Let's learn more and broaden our knowledge in Italiano. Numero uno la finestra, aperta, finestra, aperta no duelo carino, carino tubi. So far you have learned that the words in Italian have gender, either masculine or feminine. In this lesson articles, let's review very quickly. Finestra, you remember? Finestra et file. Finestra, window file in mas, then lautobus, laub, all the last one was laka, Laka, fail. The articles in Italian are ill apostrophe. What are the plural forms of these articles? La, la finestra, finest to Gail Zoo. There is a vowel in there and it's mas. The plural form would be the last one, a mica. The initial letter is a vowel apostrophe, Amica. Am. To sum up, if the word is feminilesclepostrophe, what is this? The article low? Are we supposed to use it everywhere? Every time that we see a mascula that we can get confused because there is L and low. Well, whenever you see that there are two consonants in a row, the initial letters are two consonants. The list is very limited. For example, take student Zino. There aren't any two consonants in a row. However, the pronunciation of the are a combination of S. That's why it's. Yeah. Good question. If a word is a feminine ampa, are we supposed to add or change law? No, law is perfect. Pa's just the Schule that makes things complicated. You know what I mean? Let's make the list complete. A law students lo yogurt, no lo, loot. The last words aren't the words that you will hear in everyday life are. We don't leave the lesson without learning the exceptions. Take the words A, how to make it plural, Che, le. Doesn't change or take cafe. What's the plural form? Cafe. Cafe. When there is an accent and the final letter, we do not change them when it's a plural form or some words are not very clear. For example, um, men, How to make it plural. To, to let crazy, right? Egg, egg, and eggs plural, form A. Why? I don't know. I have no idea either the native speakers, and guess what, sometimes the native speakers mistakes as we Don't worry. 9. 7 - Possessives: Do you remember? Questo, questa. Mm hm, the plural form. For example, the plural form would be me, quest. They should agree always. Or those cats, gato quest. Now let's broaden our knowledge by learning some positive adjectives like my, your, his, these words. Now you will hear the basic form, which is the basic form is always singular, Mascula. Nostostro. Yeah, they're the same cafe. I'd like to say me How to say my coffee. Where to place the possessive adjective, El cafe. This is coffee. Polar word la, the jocupationrural form. Our Time not tempo. Now let's see together different forms of possessives. Tu, so sua sue, soy nostro. Nostra. Nostra. Nostri. Yeah, that's right. Votostraststr. Lauro, Lauro Lao, Laura doesn't change. Okay. Let's practice together. No, wait a minute, this is a quiz for you. I tell you the positive form. I'm not going to change the form. You are. I tell you an example. Take any, any, you should guess the right positive objective for this. I'd like to say my dogs, the positive form is meal. But I cannot place meal here. Why? Because it's pulural. It's schlemm. Which one? Right? An this was an example. Now, number two. The positive adjective is vostro. The question is, L a lot viacom o machine le loro machine to dia la tua sedia. And the last one is so fiori questa lamia Amica questo Elmo quest or quest. Elmo genitore. Genito genitore means parent, parents genitori. Fun fact about gen, this word. You won't hear it. So you will hear it. Maybe in a occasion situation, when someone asks how your parents are, it will be the question will best your en right it. The fun fact istan when it's about speaking about your parents or about someone's parents, you need to say mi echo see your next lesson. 10. 8 - You hungry? Let's go to a restaurant then!: Banana. And welcome to the Italian course. Today we are going to learn how to order food in a restaurant. And our focus will be on a conjugation of a verb, which is a key term. And of course, we are going to learn the indefinite articles, because the previous listen, you just learned the definite articles. To start, let's engage in a conversation. Tranio una pizza. Margherita per favore Certo una margarita untag frizzanteat Aper desert. See tiramisu perfo trapococde. That was quite simple. It sounds like a piece of cake to order some food in a restaurant. But by can I make it a bit more like formal, or professional, or native like. Of course, that's why I'm here. Let's go through the conversation and see the alternatives. How did we start the conversation? Banjo. All of us, we have heard of this sweet Italian word, bongo. Good day. No matter if it's morning or afternoon, you could go with bongo. Bongo. It's a nice and formal way to say greetings. The other alternatives would be chow, salve. All of us, we know this chow which is very friendly. The other ways, salve, which is informal and impersonal, would be the other alternatives that I could recommend. Good evening would be Baa, You are a customer client. The client start the conversation with a margarita perfavo or Una pizza. Margarita perfavre Per favore. Please. Per favore. Per piacere. Per cortesia. No difference. Choose the one that you prefer. Let's say that per Cortesia, it's a bit Formale Pizza Margarita. Cortesia Pizza Margarita. Can I make it longer? What I want to say, something like I would like a pizza margarita. I would like a pizza, Margarita. Pizza, Margarita. I would like Or Una pizza. And the rest of the sentence or, or it sounds quite similar to English, I would like to the water said for drinking or for a beverage. The wa, or care or camera, the water could say, would you like something to drink? Would you like something to drink would be real or equal E, le. Yeah. As we know and we have learned le means she. Why she lay, it's customary in Italy to address others as a way of being polite regardless of gender. That's why the water could say repeal Cosa regardless of your gender, you will hear not to. Then the customer ordered something to drink water. She could say apoa aqua. The wader goes friant natural as you guess, fan fizz or sparkling versus natural, which is the mineral water. There is an alternative for fan, which is the water ended the conversation with Aric line or or, or or the Decordova, Quite similar to English to arrive Traci, for instance, Maja luca el negocio poco grammar time, or tiramisu. Or a pizza, pasta, cafe, a pizza. Tiramisu is the indefinite article. A pizza, pizza. Remember, pizza is female, you know it. The indefinite article would be a cafe mascife. Then we go with the Owl ones. The initial letter is a. Wow, Such as a, A. It's a. What's the difference? Apostrophe, A. This is the only difference, masculine. While the word, the initial letter of a word is a vowel, then the indefinite article is, however, the feminine one. Text apostrophe. Let's get back to the conversation again. Came or the way they said, asked the customer qualcosa to drink plus plus. That is, the proposition has got various meanings in Italian that, in this example, doesn't have a direct meaning. In English positioned, the proposition a serves multiple functions depending on the context. When you find you see d plus an infinitive verb, such as da or damarea plus an infinitive verb, but it's an infinite verb when the verb is not conjugated, like to go, to come, and so on. Manga means in order to, something like that, that we could say, old faro, troviamo, post visitare, aroma, sono tanta. 11. 9 - Formal and informal language in Italiano: In this. Listen, our key term is the b would like v which is a conditional verb from the volere to want. Let's conjugate it to veremos. Finally, they would like, did you notice the rule ordin? Or or? The second is infinitive. We don't conjugate it. Are, it's infinitive form. The second infinitive a conditional form. And you would do, for example. Here's a funny example for you. And ala let me know about it. I forgot something and I want to say, excuse me in Italian. What about that, squoze me? And guess what? Here is the formal form of which is for lay. Scuozi. Scoozi. Here is a suggestion for you when it comes to speaking with someone, especially when you have to order something, you may find yourself torn between two options. To go with second person singular or third person singular, such as or, or rep, I highly recommend you to use the first one because it's the safer option. Please keep that in mind. Once you conjugate the verbs in the third person singular, you'll need to congregate all the verbs you'll use in the conversation, throughout the conversation in the third person singular, which can be very tricky. It's your call. Let me know about this culture if you knew that before, about La. I hope you enjoy the lessons your next time to. 12. 10 - Let's call a friend: Tell Sono Zipa and I'm here with a new lesson. Let's get started. In this lesson, I'm going to call a friend. The conversation is going to be a friendly one. After that, we're going to learn the alternatives for the expressions that we already have learned. The last part is the grammar. We're going to learn the new tens, which is present continuous A he. Michel Silvia Cuando period. Now, I'm going to ask you some questions about the conversation that you just saw. Amano Silvia, Michela Coco. Michela Facendo. Michela me. Michela. Silvia Guardando No. Sylvia Guardando su Internet. Now let's dive into the conversation and learn some new words. Are you excited? What did Sylvia ask Instead of she didn't say, She said va means what's up. And of course it's friendlier than comity. Second 100 means right, true. It's like a tach question in Italian echo. It's clear, isn't it? There is no question in Italian. Just say you're good to go. The third one that there is no translation for that is Bello. Bello, you've heard Bello, right? Which means beautiful. Bello is a fixed chunk that goes at the end of the friendly questions. As I said earlier, there is no translation for that. But you can ask about things that you suppose it should be nice. For instance, Covello, lavoro, bello, bello. The last one, which is one of the most common phrases in everyday life situation, which is tuve twice in instead. Can you guess the meaning? It's How about, how about you? Here we are. For the grammar part, let's learn present continues in Italian. As you know, present continues is the action that is happening right now. At this moment like I'm talking, you are watching the video. It's happening right now, present continues. In order to understand the new tens, let's take a step back and learn more about Italian verbs, the infinitive forms. What's an infinitive form? Is the verb that is not conjugated, that would be like to go, to come to eat like that in English. Now let's take a look at some examples. A, salia, a, the ending part is the second one. The ending part, or better to say suffix, is a. The third category sal suffix. When it comes to learning the tense, we need to conjugate all these verbs based on the suffix that they've got. They have different conjugation rules. When you take off the suffix, like get rid of it, m is the root of the verb, sal, sal. These are the roots. With a little bit of practice, you will learn the suffixes and you will recognize the root as well. This will give you a hand when it comes to conjugating the verbs. Now that you know the verbs, that they have got three different categories, you're ready to learn the new tens present continues. That is happening right now. What's the rule? It has two parts, standard sta facendo. You have already learned this. The star, the first part is sta stiamo state Stan. The second part which is called God. Do you remember about those suffixes? Now it's time to get rid of them. Go guard and guard, guard, guard, Get rid of it. Guard. This is the root. It's time to make it how? By adding the suffix. And this suffix goes with the verb that has got at the end Mabo infinitive form to what's the suffix? Get rid of it. Can I add no? Because this is another category and it has got its own suffix that has take it off and add. In a nutshell, for person continuous, in Italian, you need the verb stare conjugated, present simple congregated, then add. If the b is the first category, take off the suffix, add. If it's like sal, we need to add sal. Sal, Sal. The good news about present continuous in Italian is that actually you're learning another tense as well at the same time, which is present perfect. Present perfect in English would be, I have been learning the present perfect represent an action that has already started in the past. It is still going on till now. This is present continuous in Italian. But hold on. Not like that. In every situation we can use the tens. How can I recognize a sentence present continuous tens is actually present perfect form in English. Well, at the end of the sentence, there is always a period of time, like I have been learning Italian yesterday. This sense which is er imperior Luca has been working since 2022. The key is plus the period of time. Here, there are some supplementary words to express time that it might be helpful for you. Si man, troian, lailuma, ecochqua. At the end of the less, Let me know if you like the video and the less. 13. 11 - Direct object pronouns: Chao Sonaba and I'm here with a new lesson. Today we're going to learn object pronouns and plus reviewing the person continuous. Again, let's dive into the conversation. Soma Guardo last cando Dana Control bene caseto for cell. Okay, control Here I've got some questions for you. Coa cercado Ziba Ziba Cercado ziad, Andrea Guard, and Guardare and such. Guardato Coal, Cato e Il Portafolio. Object pronouns. What are object pronouns? Let's take a look at the conversation to get it better, not lander. What is this? Does it refer to something? Yes, it refers to the Kia, the key. Why do we need to learn the object pronouns? Because we avoid repeating words and it's shorter and faster. What's more negative speakers enjoy using them. In Italian grammar, there are two kinds of object pronouns, direct and indirect. Unfortunately, I can't make you an example in English to help you understand what is direct and indirect. Because direct and indirect object pronoun is something that belongs to Italian grammar only. However, to give you a general picture of object pronouns, let's take another look at the conversation. You heard the word lachiave only once. Andrea, instead of saying nona, said non. Don't you find it? Why don't we learn the whole list of direct object pronouns. Masciale, plural, maschile. I don't want to leave you confused. I've got you. Let's consider these examples. He or she looks at me, guard. He or she looks at you. Guardalo, At her guard. I look at him, guard, she looks at us, Guarda. She looks at you, plural. Form. Viguarda, we look at them. Guardalo, femile plurale. How about the maschile? We look at them. Maschile, diamo guardano. Okay. V, this is the list. How am I supposed to understand which one should I go for, the direct or indirect one. Good question here. I'm not going to go over the grammatical explanation, however, you will find them in the PDF file. There are some examples here in this video. It will make it easier for you to get it. Take this example. I listen you. Does it sound correct? I listen. No, it doesn't. The correct form is, I listen to you. Two is a fixed proposition. In Italian, you'll find a bunch of verbs with fixed proposition. Whenever you come across those verbs, it means that, hey, you need to use the indirect object pronouns. Otherwise, just go with the direct ones and you are set to roll. Here is a short list of verbs with direct object pronouns, guard urea. Now that we know that there are two types of object pronouns and we have got the verb list, you need to learn how to and where to place the object pronoun. Whenever there is a main verb, it usually goes after the main verb. Don't you find it? Non latro? If it's an imperative one, then it goes after the verb like look for it. Chercana, Chercaercana, gua. If there are two verbs in a row, like poe plus a verb anywhere, then the direct object goes at the end of the second. Like I can feel it. I can feel it, but not no. Make sure that you drop the final E at the end of the second verb. Yes, can I say lo posto center? Yes, you can, but it's not that much common to say some examples. Veveo, I see you Parlo valoro, I want to buy it. Lakiami. Lakiami. Do you call her Apama? We don't know her. Okay, now it's your turn quiz. Write down these sentences, answer, and then check the PDF. If you've got them right, look at me. Excuse me. It's impossible to find them. Are you reading it? She can't use it. They are waiting for us. I don't hear you. Hope you enjoyed the lesson and wait for the second part. Indirect object pronounced 14. 12 - Indirect object pronouns: Che sono ziba and we are going to learn a very near lesson today. I'm not going to go around the bush. So we are directly diving into the new lesson. In the previous lesson, we learned the object pronouns that we came across two categories, direct and indirect. Today we are going to learn the indirect pronouns. Make sure to watch the video till the end because there is a bonus material which is in personal verbs. That is, no one in Italian language. Let's get ready. First up, how am I supposed to know which pronouns should I go with, like direct or indirect? Yeah, good question. And you are right to ask this. In order to understand, we have to learn the verbs first. This list is rather short, yet necessary to know here is some of the Bs, and you're going to have the list in your PdF materials. Regan responded. Spiegare, Scrive. Why these verbs these verbs are meaningless without the prepositions Ten men, you something is off with these sentences, right? Yes, you're right. I should have added two. I listen to music. I listened to you two. Here is necessary for the verb listen. We can apply this rule to the verb list that I mentioned earlier. Therefore, those verbs without the proposition are just meaningless and useless, and it sounds so weird to use them without the propositions. Each verb has its own proposition, like Spiegare. How about an Italian example, like write a letter to Beatrice Scrive Bat Rich. What's the proposition here? It's a Beatrice, a key Beatrice here is a fixed proposition. It means we cannot let it go. It has to be there. But if I say scrive tra Beatrice, definitely a grammatical mistake, and it sounds weird, or it can mean if you have a person Beatrice, around you, it means that you are asking her to write a letter. Very crucial to know the propositions. We're not there yet with the object pronoun because Beatrice is not an object. When do I need to use the pronoun? When do we use pronoun? When do we say, Like I told him, when we know the person that we're talking about, so we don't have to repeat the names on and on. Right. Therefore, take this respondo Alucca, we're talking about Luka. When I continue but the conversation I wouldn't repeat Luka. Luka. Luka. I would say s, bond a Lui. Because you know already that I'm talking about Luka. Respondo ali is the object pronoun, but it's not an indirect object. No, no, no, not yet. It's still too long for being like native speakers, we can make it shorter and more professional. Therefore, there is a shortcut to say, why don't we learn the whole list? Let's get ready. A. Me at all. A aoi aloorefore I would say respondus instead of a lui. I should put, where should I place it? At the end. At the beginning. Spondo here is a sentence that we are going to translated together, which is they suggest us. They suggest us. They suggest Ilboueri. Now let's congregate it. Sugeri, Suero, Suero. They steric suggest, what was the shortcut for? Where should I place it before the Eric? That doesn't sound difficult or bad, right? But here is another example that is a challenge. Can you bring me a glass of water? If we break it into the chunks, that would be easier for us to translate it and understand the structure of the sentence. Let's focus just on the first part, which is can you, can you bring the verb, Can we need to conjugate it like, here it is, pot. Can you bring me me? And here's a question. Where should I place the object? Here? Pot, yes. But since there are two verbs in a row, like can I can in this case put the object pronoun at the end of the second, which is pop. Pop. Get rid of a, Get rid of a final. And put the object panin pop, which is okay, Pop. Either way, sounds great. Okay, that was the most difficult part of the sentence. Now we add a glass of water. Glass of water, Aqua, or Da Breda, Port Pdata. Here you notice that you can place it either at the beginning, like if there are two verbs in a row or at the end of the second. Well, when it comes to the imperative verbs, like when you order somebody, let me see me. Okay, here we put the object pronoun at the end of the verb. Tell him spamstrachi. 15. 13 - Impersonal verbs: Here we are with the bonus part, which is impersonal verbs. Well, impersonal verbs work differently, a little bit from the other regular verbs. What does that mean? Well, the good news is that you don't have to go through the whole conjugation. You just need two conjugation, which is third person singular and third person plural. Great, right, but what about impersonal words? If you know a Spanish language, then you know what I'm talking about here. There's a list like Sempre Piacere. When it comes to the impersonal verbs, the focus is on the receiver of the action rather than the doer. For example, I like painting. I, as I said earlier, I need the third person singular conjugation. Even if I'm talking about myself, I piace The question is, who are you talking about? I'm talking about myself. Therefore, object pronounce, which is me, mi piace, piace la pura. I like painting. What if I'm talking about you like you like painting? The word is always piace tipiacipialapitura. How about asking a question like, do you like painting tipiao lapitura? Not that much difficult, right? When am I supposed to use the plural form like piace, which is singular? Pico, pico, it's plural, right? It means when you are talking about something plural, then you need to go with plural form of piacere. For example, miao gare ditto. This is true, it is plural. Therefore, the very common after pre is embrrefore, singular and plural conjugation. Sembra sembrano, it seems to me membra, membra file. Sembrano sporge at the beginning. It seems a little bit weird because in Italian you need to conjugate everything, but not these ones. Here is a list of impersonal words when it comes to needing something. For example, I need to get that book. I need it Ib serve again. When you need something, serve pasta, pasta, that's enough for me. The only thing that I need, the Oscar of the most important one goes to. Yeah, you heard me. It's not like it's impersonal here. Attention, Vav, what does that mean? If you feel like something like Va or non mivavacmaG. I don't feel like walking today. Va, Va. Do you feel like, does he feel like vav viva space when you are, when you feel sorry. Space. Tspan. And that doesn't mean to know something, but it means to seem like. It seems to me, I believe, in order to say I think so. You could say a, a dino. I don't think so. Like, it seems to me, vivere conviene, viene viene. It's better to, it's better to do something in a non. Be careful here because this, so not sometimes it sounds really rude. People will get offended to hear that. If you don't like something, don't go with this verb. Believe me, the impersonal verbs are really necessary to learn and to know. I hope you enjoyed the lesson. See you soon. Tto. 16. 14 - Passato prossimo: So zipa visto Parlando in Italiano, solito parole in Italiano Parlando. I'm talking in this moment like stand cercano things that are happening right now or better yet, present continues, parlo, parlo, parlo, present simple. This is the form that we have come across before. And you have already learned all these forms like parlando person continuous, vio present simple. How are we supposed to talk about the past? Like things that have passed already, or maybe not? This is time to learn the new tens. Passato prosima. This is what I'm talking about. Omangato all yesterday I ate an apple can. Nifa sona data Aparigi. I went to Paris ten years ago. First off, let's see how is the instruction like the rules, how the verb is made? Passato prosimo has two parts. One is the auxiliary verb. What do I mean by auxiliary verb? It means that it's fixed. Whenever it comes to passato prossima, I'm going to see and find this auxiliary verb which is of course are needs to be conjugated like two Luis Apio. These are fixed. The second part could be any verb. What's the form? Well, the only way is to memorize the form, like mandato part alzato, seduto, scritto, mandato, atto. Yeah, this is the pattern and rather easy to memorize. Let's say that it's not as complicated as irregular verbs In English, there is another category, another pattern, which is rather really limited, like pero, perdere, Pero uds, the ending part is, this is it. We're done. Present symp, I, the auxiliary verb has to be conjugated in present simple form plus any that we just learned a little bit earlier. It's time to practice. You remember the first sentence, Mangatoamell. I ate an apple. Mao Manga nato magato, he or she ate a piano. Mangato we ate. Let's make it a question like did you eat an apple Nato name? Now it's your turn. Let's say you write, write to write scrivere. The first part, right? And it's about two to sc the second part, what is the past form of scrictoctosq? You're almost there. Say it as a question. So let's make it a little bit more complicated. Like a complete question. Did you write the letter I scree That doesn't sound difficult, does it? Are we done? No. This is not a real grammar. If we don't talk the exceptions. What are the exceptions in Italian grammar when it comes to verbs such as a hire venire and other verbs these verbs cannot pair up with are like, I, the past form of, and can I say to a is in the wrong place and we need to get rid of it. Put a verb that is suitable for on this b. You remember Pasado prossimo has two parts. The first part here, this time is not a, but it is. Therefore, I need to conjugate the present simple form of likes to say no and the rest. Therefore, I went sono, sono, And right, But it is encorrect if I talk about myself because there is the feminine and masculine things here. Right? I need to say so. But not to. Let's say you went like two people or more than two people, and both of them are girls like t voy A because a refers to poluralemine, Feminine. Polural, of course, if it is masculine, like it. And date. Or son, los, los. Be careful with this three key conjugation. All these verbs, like the reflexive verbs that we haven't studied yet, that soon you're going to learn them as well, are considered to be they have something to do with motion. That's why these verbs pair up with but not a. Technically, the verbs that pair up with a are transitive means that you need to add an object to that sentence. Intransitive, we don't need that object. Those are intransitive verbs. Don't worry about these terms. You'll be fine without knowing the transitive and intransitive verbs. This is all. This is passato prossimo. When you want to talk about yesterday, 2 hours ago, one day ago, or ten years ago, or 100 years ago, this tense is what you need. Here is your homework. There's a conversation for you to guess. The meaning a and b is cat, posta Amazon. Find bors enjoy. 17. 15 - Una visita a Venezia (first half) : When I said, yeah, it is evening and I'm recording this lesson for you. So far we've been more focused on grammar. Why not reading a text and focusing more on the reading context and the comprehension rather than the grammar itself. Here, there's a story of Lochia and her husband that they're sharing their trip to Venice or Venezia. Now I'm going to read the story for you. While reading this story, I know that there will be a couple of vocabularies and words that you don't know. Have a guess. Please pay attention to the verb tenses as well. If it's a present simple or passato, the ones that we have already studied. Okay, And diamo emo mato Simone meza simili perdue jon venezia, quemado fortuna, darci, peruvolo economico pile and so riva eranepia ancitutopiaodvuto trovare lo tell coma venian sono auto a piano camino mano fino a areva all vergo qua non stat divert unguenino. Did Caminata Riva albergo ellos staff. Gia Coolto Peril che in a piano to leg. Subito Dopo, Apio el primo Stato Piazza San Marco Allocate Restaurant, Epizootic Venia, the wonderful city that everybody needs to visit. Anyway, let's dig in to the first paragraph at Simone, you remember Simlucia and her husband? Plural. Right. Siamuei, another word that per up with there, a synonym for Lee is samori. Perdue Journey. No difference. Menea una cita are we have already come across this form, guard whenever there is plus a verb. It means that it's something that you should do that you need to do a Venice is a city that you need to visit for. Siamo stati. Siamo stati, the verb is star. Siamo stati. We wear another intranslative verb that parts off with Tanzania. This is star that pers up with Andea. Yeah, this reading text is full of intransitive verbs. That, that's a good practice for you. Nepia or Nepiozo like foggy is very, when it's winter it gets cold. It's so typical to find Nepia fog in the northern part of Italy, especially in Venice. It's quite stunning to visit the city when it's foggy. Oh, did you notice era, era, era? What is this era? Let's say there was F's era, era. It's a form that we're going to learn it like another lesson, but not today. Let's stick with era, piano, lot, Tutto synonym, pella prima cosa meaning the first thing, like first stuff, a piano dovuto. We, we had to go lot to find the hotel Albergo Hotel. Oh sorry. Aca or let's say H in Italian is silent, so you're going to hear hotel, but not hotel. Come. Avena Auto, a Piao Camino in Mano. Find Albergo come a Venezia. Non Cono Auto Auto like automobile cars. Are there cars in Venice? No, there aren't because there are no streets. Therefore, you cannot get a well, there are boats that you can take, but everybody needs to walk in Venice here. Lucia and her husband, like anybody else, had to walk all over Venice to find the Hotel Val Valigia luggage in Mano. Hence, till we arrived to the Hotel Questa. Nate, I agree with Lucia. It's not divert, it's not fun, it's not exciting. When you are tired and you have luggages in all your stuff, then you need to walk all along to get to the hotel. Believe me. Yeah, you're excited to visit Venice, but not like that. 18. 16 - Una visita a Venezia (second half) : A. After 20 minutes of walk, we arrived to the hotel. Lee in. This is easy, isn't it? Staff check in. Means to welcome somebody. Here the staff just welcomed Lucia and her husband. Lost Ciao. I Object pnunsp a A Therefore, are means to leave. We left the luggage there in hotel right after we started aca One thing that you should know about this scope is that you will hear often the native speakers say score we will figure it out. We will discover, we will understand. Scream Don't forget the fixed proposition here is something that I forget So Piazza San Marco Of course, if you go to Venice, Piazza San Marco will be the first place that you want to visit. It's on everybody's first place to visit. Okay. So here. Obviously, Lochia and her husband went to visit Piazza San Marco Piazza Piazza square, San Marco square. Ray Really beautiful, really wonderful. And here there is a cultural insight A Venice is a particular city in the world. Piazza Sarco is the first and last square that you will find in Venice, and it is called Piazza. Meanwhile, the other scores are called Camp but not pizza on restante here there is a new structure, after visiting a visit I must be a, but it's not because this is something like contracted, something short. Okay. Let's make another example. A after having a meal, after having lunch, I went to work. I'm talking about past. This is past. Therefore, you see the auxiliary verb there guard here means that it's the auxiliary verb and it is pasado. So this is structures. We use it to avoid the worthy sentences. Instead of saying after I finished the lunch, I went to work. After we visited the museums, we searched we looked for a restaurant. Siamo on restaurant Siamo At Another proposition which is fixed, to look for to search. Here there is the final part As to taste. Of course, it's a must to taste the Italian dishes. All the dishes mentioned above are typical dishes from the region or. This must be the English pronunciation. So do risotto do Radici, it's a typical vegetable growing here in Vito. It's a must. It's something that you will find mainly in winter and in autumn, but not in summer. It's a plant that grows in cold weather. So if you are visiting Vice in spring or summer, I don't think that you can get tasting this dish. In fat Pegat is liver. Feola Veziana is a typical dish from Venice. I've never tasted. I have no idea about the taste, but it's good to know that it's one of the typical dishes of Venice. And Bacana Mteato or bacana. Bacana is much more like an appetizer antipasto. But what is bacana? If you are a seafood lover or you like, you enjoy eating fish, you will probably love this dish. So This dish is like cot fish soaked in water to remove the salt, and then it's spoiled and it's whipped with oil and garlic, and you can spread it on a piece of bread and love it. Naturalmente tiramisu. Of course, hands down Timu as the best dessert in the world. You can't miss it. Tiam Tira It's like saying, cheer me up. And it definitely does. It cheers you up. This dessert is amazing, right? And did you know that this dessert was made originally in Trevizo City, which is a city in Vento. Hope that one day you will get to visit the city and enjoy and please don't touch the water. It's not water. You know. And Calvo 19. 17 - Let's plan our weekend!: Ziba with the new lesson today. Let's plan our weekend so we can learn about future, simple future or better yet, Futuro simplich to talk about the future programs, arrangements, and plans. In this lesson. There is a couple planning their Let's take out the verbs from the conversation. All these are future form. I bet some verbs already have started to ring the bells to you and. Why don't we pause here to figure them out and from the verb and is gone and is the root. The future form was emo and mom no and mo is the suffix. Those suffixes are fixed. Do you remember the three different categories of verbs in Italian grammar three different categories like Listen carefully here and pay attention to the conjugation. I'm going to read the whole conjugation here. Pay attention to the pronunciation as well. The stress of the verbs here can be tricky. I start with the bar to parvo paro. I know that in particular, this verb is kind of Tk because of the pronunciation of P and R together. You know that R in Italian is vibrated. However in English is rolled. So this one can be really T to pronounce toca Louis Scrivea scrimo voy scriveto scriano mom to Dorm Dorm Dorm Dorm Dorm gen There's a slight tiny difference within the conjugation of all these verbs and What was it? For example, I will go and I will speak Par. There is no it's not and it's Surprise exception. What's the exception? Of course, and is an exception. There are other verbs that follows this rule such as o such as Of course or and the rest of it? There is no and the verb is no all of these verbs follow this rule. Are there any other exceptions? Yes, there is. But it's not about the conjugation rule. However, it's about pronunciation and the spelling. This spelling does change in here. There are two main verbs. Let's try with I will search. Get rid of C. Let's add the future suffix, which is. It must be. Something is off and it's the pronunciation. It's car but here, it just turned out to be cher funny. Therefore, here, we need to add H aca to the verb Nowak and save the pronunciation as well. The verb pagar because of G. If I don't add aca, G is pronounced as sound. For example, to say I will pay without adding the H would be page page funny. I add the H and the pronunciation will become page Now that we're talking about future, why don't we learn some words or some time expressions related to future. This is a great excuse to take a look on the Italian month. Well, Italian pronunciation. Fra Macho. Junior, Lua, Augusta September October. November. How about saying the next month. The next January the following week, the following month would be a. Now, time to. How about this? You will start. You will start. The verb is Think about it. So we'll remove and we add the suffix. Let's expand the sentence. When will you start? When will you start? Quando Comer. When will you start working um Here's a tricky one to explain spiegare. And the sentence is I will. I'll explain pig get rid of spider No, we need to add the Hi. I will explain to you. To. I'll explain it to you to you. Okay weekend 20. 18 - What about feelings: Yo, here I am with a new lesson. Now that we have arrived to the level to the point that we can survive with the grammar and different tenses, then why don't we learn some new words to describe a situation or to talk about emotions. The first one here is divertente divertente. The meaning of this word can be tricky because divertente means funny and fun at the same time. Well, that's why it's tricky. For example, big bank theory unit divertente. Occ divertente. Now, can you tell me divertente and which example means funny? Yeah. That's right. The one with big bank theory, it means something that makes you laugh. A divertente. Big Bang theory makes you laugh. Ocar Camc is fun divertente. So something that you enjoy could be divertente in Italian. For example, if you have fun and you enjoy tasting different cuisines, therefore, it's divertente. This is a true story. I used to think that diverte means to have fun. However, I realized oh oh, it could be funny too. And can you imagine? Therefore, you will hear Italians say fun and funny interchangeably. For example, instead of saying fun, you will hear funny. But they don't mean funny. They actually mean fun or enjoyable. The second one is Pensozo. A person can be Pensozo. What is pensiero? Penso is something that makes you think. Usually, something that is serious and keeps your mind busy and you just can't let it go. That is pensiero. So if somebody has epenzio, therefore, they are Pensozo. Here's an example, Acuca Epenzz. Perla Saca because his car makes noise. Therefore, it's something that keeps his mind busy and he's kind of worried, therefore, he is pensozo. For example, if you're having an exam, important exam, you can get pensoz too. The third point is agitato Agitato or Agitat. Agitato means being nervous physically and worried at the same time. For example, if you are stuck in the traffic, and you're going to the airport because you're having a flight and you're late, you can get agitato nervous physically and worried at the same time. M Agitated number four, oziont. Emocionante. Something beautiful that provokes your emotions is emocionante. Like stunning land escape can be motor. Vela Monalisa is titled motion cuatro Dao motet. Of course, sing Maza will be torte. Five. This Picto this Picuta Means I'm sorry. I feel sorry. So Mispiat means, Oh, I'm sorry. So I could say Sono dispiatta. Therefore, Dispatta is the adjective. So you can be dispiacto. Cuando Cristina Eva tardi Avoro Era dispitt. She was sorry because she was late. Number six. Malicio Malimo is an adverb. Like, what is adverb to describe an action. Like, I play the guitar very badly. So badly refers to playing the guitar. So Maliimo is like the worst. Very bad, really bad. Quando Senio La Noticia de a Guerra, isoo mast Vaine Malimo. The opposite of Misimo is Benissimo. An Dongla pizza missing to Pensimo. Number eight. Pezante. Pezante Pisante, heavy. But figuratively, yeah, L a borsa E pisante. The bug is heavy. But how about describing a situation with Pisane? What if I tell you gorata Pisante, a heavy day. What does that mean? What comes to your mind? Well, if I hear that, I would think, Oh, you're having a difficult day. That you are having lots of work to do, which are physically and mentally tiring for you. That is pesante. A person can be presented to, like, she is pesante. What comes to your mind? That h, she's heavy. No, no, no, no, that doesn't mean that somebody is overweight. No. This is figuratively. So it refers to the personality kind of Like, If somebody is pesante, maybe they are boring. Uh, Leona persona pisane. Or probably they talk too much. That can get pesante too. A, it could be maybe they are like naggy. They nag all the time. Oh, gosh, they are definitely pisante. Hmm. Number nine Forte. Forte forte. Forte means strong. But figuratively, doesn't mean strong at all. Forte can mean cool Cforte, so cool. Costco and Mt Forte. This game is very strong. This game is very cool. Number ten, Arabia. Arabia angry, to be mad at somebody or at something. And the verb is far Arabire, to make somebody angry, like Mfa Arabiare, Tifa Arabiare. This is the right verb to say somebody makes me angry. For example, do Maresca rabiare. Vein. Okay. Ten, here we are at the end of the list. Of course, there are a bunch of other words to describe, but believe me, all these ten are the most common ones. So go around and you will hear this from Italians. Take care, chow, 21. 19 - About free time: Jo, it's summertime. Why don't we talk about hobbies and our free time today? Yes, we're going to learn the name of the hobbies and sports and how often we do them, like sometimes twice a week, words like that. Let's explore the name of the hobbies and sports first. Ocre a Boro Guarda la formula una Giardina. Cam Coca pi, Sona quitarlo Forte violin, Fargate da and pesca or pescar And Pestra. And, and of course, So let's go and listen to this conversation, which are like two boys talking. And I'm going to read the conversation for you. And so the boys Marco and ernest. Pero Ci ernesto C ii. A so passata de film D ugudar unoima, cio Perito eau Roberto. How about you? Pia Guard film? I'm mist Lavita. Questa film Avino on Oscar Angela Cola Sonora di questa film Dice. Oh, sorry, let's get back to our lesson. Anyway, there are two company D class or two classmates in the university who are sharing about their free time. Ernesto says P Omo, more or less. The literal translation is plus or minus. He goes on with estesion, L estesoni. Lestsi is the plural form of Loseso Lusso. Lusso means the same. The same lessons. L estes lezioni. And here's a fun idiomatic expression for you. That in English, you say potato potato, tomato tomato that makes no difference for you, right? In Italian is Fastes Palos. There's no difference. It's the same. That's the same job. Como. Why not? Another translation would be sure. He goes on, volentii. Volentieri. The literal translation would be willingly. However, the right translation would be, I would love that. I'd love to. And what was next Appassionato. You can see the word passionate in this word, a passionato. Maybe it's not really common to say passionate, well it is common, but let's say the everyday life word for passionate is to be a fan of something. So in Italian to be a fan of something, you just go with Appassionato. The alternative way to say Appassionato is to change the word a little bit and go with the verb A Avere a passion P A passion Pea Pesca. Per dire. Per means, for example, Pete Monte Monte, which is a feeling, and we came across all these feelings in the last lesson. By the way, conte moving, it's moving. La via e Monte By the way, the director of this movie is Roberto Benini, right? Not Beni. And he did a on Capo Lavoro on Capo lavoro. It's a masterpiece on Capo lavoro, a masterpiece. And let's get a bite of grammar now. Okay, let's not call it grammar. Let's complete our lesson with um on stim, every week to how to talk about the frequency of the hobbies and sports we do or we watch. Let's begin with always, which is the 100% on the top of the list, sempre spesso Qual Rae Qasim M. Every week, every day, every month, every Oi. Every week, is Timana, every day, Oi ora, D solido. Every other day, every other day, jura see ja No. Actually, we need to go on with this listen a little bit more because there was a little guy in the conversation. I have no idea if you noticed that little guy sitting there. Which was N, and we need to dedicate a whole lesson to this little guy. It's little, but yet powerful. For example, Cento. For the moment, consider this word as a replacement in order to avoid the repetition. Okay coiqua, fit is pero Ceti. Se your next lesson by 22. 20 - About free time (part 2): Hey, here we are with the second part of free time. Ernesto and Marco are continuing to talk about their free time. This is a great exercise for you to review the grammatical tenses that you've learned so far. Plus, what makes this lesson interesting is that you're going to take up some new word. A Dacia Coosa Perfoaor, stupendous P Cato Maalal Simana, Ditroa Pisina Pangai Socio Sola Pomo Patricio fisica. Perfoor, oia stupendous Bao. Okay. So let's hit it off with the first word. Dietz Cain. Tro Mensa Laza Mensa. Mensa is a place. Is a place in universities or at work that the people who are working there or the students go there to eat. What's the place? It's called Mensa or in English is canteen. Ditroa Ditro It's not in front of. It's not like next to, but it's behind Detro La Mensa. By the way, what is La piscina? La piscina is a place. It's a place where you can go and swim. No, it's not the sea, but it's a place like to do the sport and have fun. It's swimming pool. You might be asking what is the word for in front of? That is Davante Davana ina corn. The next expression is Farrel Bango, for example, Farrel Bango Alma in a piscina in on Lago, to path to path in the sea or in the swimming pool. Just be careful. Don't mix it up with bathroom because both are bano in Italian. Here's an example for you. Ilbano quesacaza, e vecchio versus io Fat Elbano. The meaning of Magari is very nice, and it means to be hopeful, but be careful with it because Magari has got different meanings too, which is not like hope, but the opposite. They are just expressing the hope that they can get to the swimming pool. Papi fisica. This sentence seems to be okay and clear. However, there is something little in their like arch, what's this? We came across the in previous lessons, and we learned that means it's related to us. But here has nothing to do with G, and g has a new meaning here.G here refers to a place Potremo, and da C and da C andado They are talking about the swimming pool, and D. Instead of repeating swimming pool on and on. So you just replace it with G. So G refers back to a place that we mentioned it before. S Giotto Bola, No, Mab Dieresto. Here's a good one for you. Second, Secondt. Second me. Second, second ten. In your opinion. Second doom and my opinion. Second Dome insane. You're going to hear second dote all the time. Second dot secondme. However, second dot can be ironic to. When somebody asks you a question that knows already your answer when something is obvious, but you hear the question the same You go with Secondt? Like what a question? Of course, obviously. Like Tibia Secont? I mean, really? What a question. Let's get to know Italians better. But how to learn some interjections? The pronunciation can be tricky too. Be careful with the H h in Italian because they're not pronounced. Huh? What does this mean? It's difficult to even translate them because they are like a concept rather than to be a word to be translated. But D. I'm sure you know and you've heard of another interjection because the Italians are so famous for it. B O H. Bo. I don't know. Like opina. Oh, did you notice? We just learned another nice expression in here, which was D. I would say. Let's enclose the lesson with a dire, which is Aff Area. That's a deal. I hope you enjoyed the lesson. See you next time. Bye. 23. 21 - Booking a room: A, you're ready to have a trip to Italy. So the first step would be to book somewhere to stay. In this lesson, we are focusing on booking a room in a hotel. O P Albergo. Our hotel hotel. Be careful. H is not pronounced as hotel camera. Not like camera. No, we're talking about Reservation reception. Yeah, reception. You might hear rep to colazione. Breakfast, Pranzo, lunch, china, dinner. WiFi Yeah. Wi Fi. Valigia. Luggage piano, floor. A convertra, on receptionist C Ponga certiori, e cosi Al piano, merci dispo Mi Pia, Al Moi pii capito coz, Lacazette Ale di, Al prio piano, Perfetto la paz 40 Wi Fi, Cierto aas Wort hotel uno dure quatro cert Pongo Co Pongo, Ooms certiori, e colas la cama Alteza piano, numero tc Cue grazie Aim disponer Miami pica colazione di Alrio piano. Perfeto? Pre Perforce a pass 40 Wi Fi Certo a password hotel uno dure Cerro, this lesson is quite easy. If you over come across booking a hotel in Italy, you just can adapt these sentences to your needs. Here's a question for you. What's the conversation form in formal? You're right. That was formale because all you heard was a le u. So here's an exercise for you. But there's a it's a homework. You are going to write down this conversation into informal version. With too. I'm sure traveling to Italy is always beautiful and exciting. And you know what makes it more exciting to have an amazing hotel. I mean, to book a room in an amazing hotel. You know why it's going to be amazing. It's not because of modernity or the services that they're going to offer you, but the place that you are going to stay The hotels, especially in Rome, Venice, or Forens are located in beautifully preserved historic places. The buildings often have centuries of history and very magnificent architectural features. What's make it more exciting is that some hotels used to be villas, monasteries, and palaces. Okay, Pono tacion Fat Cecchin Fato But sometimes there are things that aren't working properly in a hotel. Here we are going to learn some necessary words and phrases. One of the most common words in English is to work. For example, the AC doesn't work. The washing machine doesn't work. Here we mean they don't function properly or they're broken. Here we cannot use lavorare, because lavorare in Italiano means you are working on something as a job. Here, the word that we need is Foncionae. For example, Lia de ama Camera, non Foncona, pre, wifi, non Foncona, clima, non Foncona. Pure clima non Funciona bene. What else? Things doesn't work properly or maybe the room is not clean. Lakme, non Pita, Pita. What's the opposite of Papa, Lama Spa, or the people around us and the next door are very noisy. Tro point or sometimes a Camreta el clima funciona and one of the most annoying is the bed, if the bed is uncomfortable, letto scoto or we could say letto no comodo comodo scoot or a finestra nounire, or the opposite could be a finestra non secure. Or sometimes everything is fine, but something is missing, like Mc cucino, Mc cucino. The room is perfect, is clean, but Catre Cadre. Here we are at the end of the lesson. But make sure that you download the PDF material because you are having a bonus part, very useful expressions, and plus, you are having some exercises to work on your Italian. 24. 22 - Parts of the house: That, welcome back. Here we are with a new lesson about a house, but before starting, how about a quiz right off the bat. In questtanta, no Possiamo Omare lavare piatti, Questatanta, A, La cucina. La cucina Cel Frigo Cel micron C Fornell. Coz Andiamo tra Sanza Alamo guarda tio Mrecio Cui Dio Ciao Salto sono. As di Fora For progetto fare esta Lo studio. La Cucina, studio, Lara lezione, Abbiamo parato l Bango. How about other parts of the house, like bedroom, La Camera, Dalto Leto, corrido, Icon, La raza, giardino, I garage, Laanderia, Caanca and Cora, Mmm Lascar perdre S or Cre. We are almost ready to describe a house. Here, we are going to hear a conversation between two people. One is the cellar, and the other one is the client or cliente. This is the vendtore. And the one with this one and my hair. I'm the client. Bonoru Pongor, stuccz da questare. Pre dis crimest Casa Perore. Cert escaza, as independent contre Cameo Due ban, accina spazioz, so Luz, Sra Perfetto Sante Lao Lacaz Grand Gino, Calla, Can garage Perdue Auto Otimo, Pipe Pi de zona. Come Cartere Cartire, Molto Tranqui Cicoro ecogco supermercati, Agarco. Mi bonito de la caza Certo ostanz So. I hope you enjoyed the conversation. That was an example to practice more, make sure you download the PDF. 25. 23 - Asking an address and a Grammatical Tip to Win Your Italian Crush's Heart!: Mm. C hacha Benornat. Now that we have learned the vocabularies and the way how to describe a house and artire, why don't we learn and dedicate a lesson on asking an address. Here, you are going to hear a conversation between delivery Man, and a locale. This locale is a person in this conversation fairly a teenager. Get ready to hear the conversation. Cai, numero, Di po Di feria Primo seafoam dira croc, itrast Pert The conversation was fairly easy. You need to just learn the new vocabulary like Eco But here is something new that seems to be easy at first, like Dimo K St Cercando. This K, which means like which that that connects two sentences together. But be careful because it's not always like that. K, 90% of the times makes Italian very complicated. Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to Conjunctivo. 26. 23 - Continue to charm your Italian partner or in-laws by CONGIUNTIVO!: What's difficult about this congrontvo? Bear in mind that I'm not kidding, this rule congnivo concept is even complicated for the native speakers. Believe me. When can we use congrontivo? The big sign of conjunivo is K. Like the example that you just came across like Lindsta Cando doesn't fit to our lessons. Like an example, I'm happy that you passed your exam. I'm happy that your home. That key. This is an example. Here, we need condrontiv. You might think, Okay, so how about saying like nope to sy Akasa K say Akasa. But K makes things change. Cdrontivo needs its own conjugation. Here, we are learning the very basic form of that. So conjugation. Again, in order to get the right and correct conjugation, you need to check work reference do come. Here on that website, you will have all the conjugations. Let's go ahead with one example, like the very basic verb, which is S. As I mentioned earlier, the big trigger for conjuntivo is K. We need to conjugate the verbs with k. It's not like the one that we used to do like o sono to say. Here we conjugate with k, like kk2k. Let's start with the very basic verb as deconge form. KE Osia, Ket Sia, Kali, slash, Cia, Koi Ciao, Koi Cate Kelo Cano. Before this, before the conjugation, I made an example, like I'm happy that your home Sopelc to say Akasa wrong The risk. So I need to go with the suitable conjugation. Sopelc to Sia Akasa. I'm glad that it's summer. Sopca started. Okay, what's the next very common verb in Italian? The verb Avere. Why don't we learn and go through the conjugation? L et's start with K, always. K, o Appia, K two Appia, K Appia, Koi, Apiano, Kevo apit loro Apiano. So far accidentally, noi conjugation is the same as like the normal conjugation, right? But it's not always like that. And it at first seems to be difficult to memorize this conjugation. But most of the times 02 Lui have the same conjugation. They follow the same word. Meanwhile, noi and have the same. They follow each other apiao, apat Ciao Cituro have a o, Lauro always follows o pattern. K E Ca, uro siano. K o Appia, loo, Apiano. Let's explore some other examples. I'm not glad that you have a fast car. I'm not glad. No Content Content, noon Content K two, Appia amcinavec, but not K two I amcinavec. That sounds odd and it's wrong. That's important if you get if you understand me. Let's do it in Italian. A importante, M, apisca. So pire conjunio. Ko, pizca, K two pizca. Pisca, you need to learn one the one conjugation for o, and then you can go ahead. Apiska, they have always the same pattern, piano, Capo Capa T. How about Lo? What was EoE capisca? So you need to add A and capisco Co capisco. But what is this Cdroniv? Why do we need to learn Cdroniv? Is it only there to make Italian complicated? Well, the answer is, Yes. No, no, no, no, I'm kidding. If you learn enough about this language and get to know more, you will understand that it sounds very elegant when somebody uses undonivo, but it's not about how you sound. Conjunivo make makes your point more precise. It's more correct than not using it. There are some features in junivo in Italian that might be locked in other languages. We'll get to know more about that part, which is very complicated, but it's doable so to worry about it. Now let's focus on the first and very basic form of it. What's the meaning? Conjuniv here that we're learning conveys a message, a meaning of uncertainty, doubt, wish, hope, things like that. It's actually a hypothetical situation, but not a real situation. We don't use conjunctivo to talk about facts. It's more subjunctive and about uncertain ideas. Before starting the examples, let's learn the two common verbs that you need. One is credere to believe I I believe not. I believe so. Cd non credo or credo credo K cred. There is always K or the other one is sperre to hope. Spero. I hope that to sp. We need always contentibo. Okay. The first one is doubt. Like I want to say, I don't believe that it's going to rain. I don't believe non credo. It's going to rain. Let's make it simple because in Italian is its ins. I don't believe that it rains. Be of that, because of K, go ahead with condo. Here the verb is piove. What's the conjunctiv form of piove K P. Of course, we don't need to conjugate piove because I don't in, don't ig. Just go ahead with it rags, which is Pv No creo P What's the incorrect form? No creo P V. Or we want to express wishes or desires with hope. Spare sp I hope you come to the party. I hope you come to the party. Let's first try it with a normal version. I mean, it's not normal the version that we have learned so far. I hope Sp. You come to the party. Ven A esta ron The correct conjugation is o venga a ga. Now gasta or to express emotions, which is very this form is very common in English. I'm happy that you're here. I'm happy that you're here with me. So to say wrong, tia i C Now, the last one is about impersonal ideas, like a importante. That's important. A importante K, so there is always K. It's important that you study. It's important a study, that you study. Importante K two, study. But this is correct. L Yeah, it is correct, but because surprisingly, the conjugation is the same, you know, sometimes like Once the blue moon happens in Italian grammar. It sounds easy, doesn't it? Ziba you told us that it's complicated. Yes. As long as it is in present form, the ones that we just came across. Yeah, it's easy. But baby, the real magic happens with the past tenses. Do you have a crush on some Italian boy or some Italian girl? My prescription for you is to use Conjunctivo. You'll win the heart. 100%. Okay, baby, Sprocun. See you. 27. 24 - Idioms with animals: Ato jorno Sonata do concerto, E Cerra solo quatro gatti misncentita sola, come on cane. What was that story about? What just happened? Can you guess the situation? Can you guess the meanings? Cane, Gatti? What was about that? Hello. So you heard the name of animals, and we just came across this lesson to learn something about animals in Italian. But not just the name of the animals, but some mode Didire in Italian using the name of animals. So let's dive into the most common one in Boca Al Lupo. What's the meaning? Literally means into the wolves mouth. Into the wolf mouse. In which situation can we say that? The English equivalent of this expression is break a leg. So when do we use that? If somebody is having an exam or an interview, you can say in Boca Alupo and what do you think? You cannot say grazie to this expression. You should say crepe, which means may the wolf die. Yeah, this is how you answer to this wish. Now, after a wolf, we go with the elephant Avere amemoia delefante if there is somebody that never forgets anything, you can go with this expression because elephants are famous for having a great memory. Okay, after those positive expressions, let's learn another one, which is not very positive to say supe for DaquapT be like a fish for aqua, 40 to be out of water. If you are a fish and you are not in the water, you would feel uncomfortable out of place because that's not your place. And how about describing somebody slow somebody that take them so much time like a turtle or like a snail. So if somebody is slow, we could say Esser Lento come una, TartarugaOE Lento come una lumaca Mia FertoEunaumaca, Guan prepara matina. If somebody is physically strung or brave. Hm. Let's think of a strong animal. Are you thinking of a lion? That's the one that we need. Or maybe even a bull, that's the same job, Essere forte Leone or Esteriforte Toro Topeno McentoFteone. So so far, we talked about being strong, being slow, having a great memory, but how about a sneaky situation? A sneaky animal like fox Furbo Colonna Volpe, furboavolpe ***** a manga tutti Biscotti metre Marmadormva FurboKonavolpe. How about a watchdog? They are lonely. As lonely as a dog. Solo moncane. But be careful with this expression. You can only use it with your friends because it can be offensive. Okay, dogs checked, and now cats to be ajil like a cat. Agile comongato. Wow, vecch se age comungato. Okay, now it's birds turn like a swallowndi nonfaPrimaa. One to swallow does not make a summer. But in Italian is one to swallow does not make a spring. What's the meaning? It means if something good has happened, it's not certain that the situation will go on, keep on improving. I hope you enjoy it. Have fun with these animal idioms, and you just level up your Italian. 28. 25 - Bigger, Better, More Italian: Learn Comparatives with Ease!: Hecho and welcome to this lesson. I'm Ziba, and today we're going to learn the comparatives in Italian. We're going to learn how to compare your favorite foods, places, and sports. This lesson is going to give you the tools that you need. Before getting started, how about brushing up on our vocabulary knowledge or better to say the adjective knowledge in Italian, grande, Piccolo, Dolce, acido, Salato Amaro Veloce Lento CostozoEconomico. Noozo interante. First off, what is comparative? And why do we need it? We use comparatives to compare two things. For example, in English, we might say, This city is bigger than the other city. And today we're going to learn how we can make these structures in Italian. I'm going to walk you through the different forms of comparatives. How about the very basic one bigger than smaller than. You here there is ER and then the very equivalent of this structure in Italian is PUD. Piu picol d Pi grande, T, P costoso, T, like Lucca, epi Alto, Dimarco, Pio Alto, like taller than Marco. How about the opposite form? Less than, right, and Italian is meno D. The same structure Meno D. For example, QuesameE Meno Costosa Di Qu M. Meno Grande, Meno Piccolo D. Very simple. And the last four maybe is the one that in English, we might say, as expensive as, as big as. But this form is not very common in Italian, so you wouldn't hear it. Anyway, let's learn it. Tanto quanto, tanto quanto, like autantepri Quanto te. I have as many books as you. And how about the exceptions? Of course. Like an English that we say good, better, which is completely different. In Italian works the same. Or we were talking about the adjectives, but when it comes to the adverbs, it's the same rule, like, well, like, very well, and the comparative form of good we are better. And in Italian, the word is Bene. Of course, nobody says Pu Bene like Guter. The correct form is mayo, Mo, D, better, the Avere poco, and Mo dna vere nulla. The opposite of Bene is Male. The comparative form is Peto, a pasta, coil cecha, Epego don puno, inunoccio. Another one is poco, like latel which is meno, fa, meno di me, the opposite of poco is molto, comparative PEP dite Okay. Now, let's put all these into practice. You're going to see some images, and we're going to make a sentence comparing both pictures, traveling by train versus traveling by a plane. For sure, this one is faster than the other one. How about that? Viagiigo Epi Vlog detreno Ma treno, Epi economico. No? And how about this? Vagere C treno, epulento ma Coleo Eppio Costozo. How about comparing two subjects like chemistry and mathematics? This is not my opinion. It's just an example. How about saying, this one is more interesting than the other one or more boring? How about that? Mathematica E Posa the chemicaO we could say, chemicaepu divertente di, mathematica. Okay. How about comparing Indian cuisine with Italian cuisine? Cuisine, Cucina, like kitchen, like Cuccina Indiana, epupicante di quella Italiana. So di quella Italiana, but not the Cucina Italiana. Here we are, check the next lesson. That is the very tempo verbale that you really need. It's a must to learn in Italian. Bye bye. 29. 26 - Master the Imperfetto: Speak About the Past Like an Italian!: Teto it's me, Ziba, with a very new lesson, which is a must to know in Italian. I'm talking about imperfetto, the tempo verbale that you really need to know and learn and to use it in your daily conversations. Whether you're describing something that you used to do as a child or how was the weather like yesterday or something that lasted for some moments Imperfeto is your go to tense. So what is imperfetto? The imperfetto equivalent doesn't really exist in English. The imperfetto is used to describe an action that was habitual or they were ongoing and not completed in the past. So think of imperfetto as setting the scene. For example, when I want to say I ate in Italian, like a habit or not completed action, it would sound something like I was eating. I used to eat. When we say past, it doesn't have to necessarily be a very far past. It can be even yesterday. It can be about the time you were a child. By imperfetto, we mean that the time is open and it's not completed. Time is not our reference point, but our focus is mainly on the action. How about this sentence? Last summer, I was doing a swimming course. You might say, so last summer. But yes, it's not very specific. Last summer was a very long time. So this swimming course was ongoing. And we don't know when it started and when it finished. So it doesn't even matter. So we would use imperfetto here. Or when we talk about the weather when it was yesterday was sunny. So it's something ongoing. Doesn't matter when it started when it finished. So imperfetto, or the things that you want to say, you wanted to say yesterday 2 hours ago, for some reason, you couldn't say. So we wouldn't say I want it. We would use imperfetto. For example, when it comes to I wanted to do something. For example, I wanted to tell you something, and for some reason, I couldn't. Since there is no beginning point or an ending point to define the time, we would use imperfetto. Especially when it comes to did you know and something? Like, did you know that Panitone is not a cake, but it's a kind of bread? This is imperfeto. I hope this is clear because knowing something, having a knowledge, there is no beginning or ending point. It's just a cloud of time, which is not clear and we cannot define. So this is what we're talking about. Well, enough about the concept, we will get it somehow. Let's work on the structure. The first category of the verbs that the ending parts is added like added, andavo, Dave, andava, no, andavao, Voi andavt, o and Davano. The second category vedere, Here. Vedevo devi, Vedeva, Vedevamo, Vedevt Vedevano the third category, re like pulire, pulivoPulivi, poliva, Polivamo, polivt, Pulivano. So the conjugation is not that much hard or difficult to remember, and perhaps it will be much easier for you to memorize because you will hear imperfetto a lot on the daily conversation. So that will be easy to get used to. In order to prove that this is easy to conjugate, now it's your turn to conjugate comprare 30. 27- Delve deeper into the imperfetto tense!: Now it's time for exceptions, of course, we're talking about the verb essay. Obviously. So the imperfetto form of ester is Io Eero to Ei, Lui Le Era, no, EavamooEavate, Loro Herno. How about an example? Like, Marco was late yesterday. Marco was late. Being late is an ongoing action. It's not in a moment, the foit moment. So it's ongoing, right? Do you agree with me? That's why in Italian, we would say Marco Ira in Ritardo. And the next one is fare. Io facevo Tu face, ui faceva no facevano, oi facevt, Elo, Facvano. Therefore, when it comes to the weather, like it was sunny, it was cold Bear in mind that we don't say era, solcato, era car because in Italian, the right verb here is fare, fare clo fare fretto. Therefore, we would say quando ero in viaggio face Freto facevaFreto. And the other exception which has a similar conjugation to fare is Dire Dicevo Dicevi, dica, No Dicvamo, Voi Dicvate, Loro Dicevano you might hear Ticevo when somebody is in the middle of telling a story and for some reason, they stop. And when it comes to continuing the story, they might say, Dicevo. Or other people would say Di Cevi, which means continue telling us the story. So here's a recount for you. Imperfeto is used for habitual actions in the past. Like when I was a little child, I used to play in the park. Cuando Eero Picola, ocao del parco, or imperfetto is used for descriptions of the past. Like the sky was blue and the sun was shining. El Cello era blue, soles Flindeva the third and the last one, and ong an action in the past. Like while I was studying, my mom was cooking. Entres to Diavo Yamama, Cucinava. Now it's your turn to ask a question. Here's an example. How was the weather when you were at the beach? Comere Cuando Almare so take it for granted that was sunny because that's why everybody would go to the sea right. So the answer could be era sole, evacvamTcado. And here is a cozy family dinner that we want to use in Perfetto because it's an old family image. One Dominica, Lamia Fama, Cava in CM. So you see how imperfetto helps to paint a picture of the past. And it's all about setting the scene and describing the backdrop of your story. And remember, once the very first verb is in perfeto when it comes to story, the following verbs would follow the same tempo verbale. Here's an example, and you're going to answer to it. Cuando Eero Bambino. A culto Oni jorna. And the verb is giocare. That's right. Giocavo acacho. And that's it for today's lesson. And remember, the imperfetto is your key to storytelling in Italian. Until next time, Chiao 31. 28 - No Cheese, No Meat, No Problem! Talking Dietary Restrictions in Italian: Hello. Here I am with a new esse Iquestaezione, Oggi, Chisoode Amchi, Kevano Ari surante, pero anode preference alimentari. So since these two friends are following a special diet, they need to find the right place to go. You're going to hear the conversation without any translation. Try to follow me and after that, answer to the questions. So Luca, a vegetarian, and Julia, a lactose intolerant, are going to find a right place. Now, let's jump into the conversation. Chao Julia, I fame, Pensaba or AnjazTasera. Sita fame Impose ene, si Sao pensando Aquel Novotrante Po sicuro Capero de Piatti vegetariani. Mm, timaideqotros, no de Piatti sala Ticin. SszamltePana, or formacho, guarda, no sicuro ancho, MapqTiva camarestrante, per verificare Certo Cerco numer veta. Bazera, avete opcion, vegetarian or senza Ticini, Csaico and diverso opcione, CzonoPiatierdure ria pasta, senza panna, anche a pizza Vegana con mozzarella di mando Perfetto, sabe, Odinero segura mentla pizza, Eto, Penza Prendero a pasa verdure ma controleo Corel camere per sigrezza, Ara, Siamo bronti, PernoTiamoa Diamo. So did you enjoy the conversation? Now, here are the questions for you, Guanoa mangereFPere castorte qui interte Aa tosio non P mangere quepiatOdinea, Julia. Now, you're going to hear the conversation again with the translation. And let's see how many occasions you had write. Chao Julia, I fame Pensaba mangazTasa So molta fame Ipsomentepe Sando Aquevstrante, Pocuro Capero de Piatti vegetariani tmaideotros ano de piatti Sala Ticini. Susan Molta Pana formacho, Guarda no sicuro ancho Mapo Tiva camarestrante, verificare Certo Cerco numer veta. Barlasera, avete opcione vegetariane or alza Ticini, Csaicoo, no diversa opcione, CzonoPiatierdure ria pasta, senza panna, anche una pizza vagana mozzarella dimndoPerfetto, sabe, Odinero segura mentla pizza, eto, Penza Prendero a pasa verdure ma controleo Corll camere per sigurezza Ara, Siamo Bronte, PernoTiamo and diamo. This conversation was rather easy but useful. We have come across all the grammar tenses. But maybe other expressions could be useful for you to learn. For example, how can we ask, Are you hungry? I fame. I'm very hungry or tandaameO I'm starving. Sto Moreno di fame. Or when we want to ask if there is something for babies or what are the options for kids, we can ask hizonoopsion and qeperbmbini, isonoopsioni vegetariane, izonoopsioni, senza a Ticini. Another key phrase that not here, but you could use it like everywhere is Tiva Tiva Miva or non Mva, which is something like, I feel like, Do you feel like? So here, in this conversation was Tiva di amare Tiva di Camare. Do you feel like calling them or Tiva se Tiva se and the rest of the phrase? This is one of the nicest ways to ask other people. If it is with other people to do something together, it's something like shall we Tive mangamfori, Tiva se non PerenamoPizza, and veg perenamo sushi.