Frosty Morning: Winter Landscape Watercolor Tutorial with Light and Atmosphere | Krzysztof Kowalski | Skillshare

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Frosty Morning: Winter Landscape Watercolor Tutorial with Light and Atmosphere

teacher avatar Krzysztof Kowalski, Watercolor artist

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Taught by industry leaders & working professionals
Topics include illustration, design, photography, and more

Watch this class and thousands more

Get unlimited access to every class
Taught by industry leaders & working professionals
Topics include illustration, design, photography, and more

Lessons in This Class

    • 1.

      Introduction

      1:27

    • 2.

      Project and Resources

      1:48

    • 3.

      Inspiration and Painting Plan

      3:14

    • 4.

      Masking

      2:04

    • 5.

      Initial Layer - Setting the Mood

      10:59

    • 6.

      Distant Trees

      9:15

    • 7.

      Middleground

      6:27

    • 8.

      Foreground

      5:04

    • 9.

      Water

      6:26

    • 10.

      Plants

      6:19

    • 11.

      Softening the Edges

      5:05

    • 12.

      Main Trees

      5:37

    • 13.

      Foliage - Dry Brushing

      2:41

    • 14.

      Finishing Touches with Gouache

      5:44

    • 15.

      Summary

      2:24

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About This Class

Create a winter landscape that glows with sunlight and captures the chill of snow.

In this step-by-step tutorial, you’ll learn how to paint a cozy, snow-covered landscape full of warm sunlight, soft shadows, and a misty atmosphere.

In this class, you’ll learn how to:

  • Interpret a reference photo and simplify complex winter scenes
  • Plan your painting with layers, masking, and thoughtful composition
  • Apply initial washes to establish mood, light, and tonal values
  • Create distant trees, middle ground, and foreground elements with depth
  • Paint realistic snow folds, reflections in water, and subtle shadows
  • Add dry plants, foliage, and textural details to bring the scene to life
  • Enhance light and soft edges using lifting and scrubber brush techniques
  • Finish the painting with gouache for snow, highlights, and falling snow effects

This tutorial is perfect for beginners exploring winter landscapes, as well as intermediate painters refining their skills in light, atmosphere, and natural textures. By the end of this class, you’ll have a finished watercolor painting full of depth, warmth, and winter charm.

Whether painting for fun or building a portfolio, this class will guide you step by step to create a frosty, luminous winter scene.

Meet Your Teacher

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Krzysztof Kowalski

Watercolor artist

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Level: Intermediate

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Transcripts

1. Introduction: Hello and welcome to my frosty morning watercolor painting Tutorial. In this class, I'll show you how to paint a beautiful winter scene with warm light and a cozy atmosphere. It's a wonderful subject for those of you like me who love painting winter scenes. There is always something magical about them. Every time I paint a winter scene, it brings back childhood memories of really cold, snowy winters that were also full of happiness and wonder. Gently falling snow is something I've always loved, and my loved ones know I wait every year for the first snow. Maybe I'm weird, but I love winter. In this tutorial, we'll learn how to interpret a photo and create a painting from that preference. As always, I will show you my painting process along with my palette, the reference photo, and the finished piece. So you can see how I filter the reference through my eyes and bring the painting to life step by step. We'll try to capture a sense of winter light and a misty atmosphere. No matter your level, I encourage you to give this painting a go. I'm sure you will come up with a wonderful result. Let's get started. Happy painting. 2. Project and Resources: I've prepared a selection of helpful resources for your project available in the projects and resources section. You'll find a PDF file with the supply list I used for this painting, along with the reference photo and an image of my finished artwork for guidance. Line drawings in various sizes are also provided so you can print and transfer them onto your watercolor paper in the size that best fits your needs. I painted it on a 12 by nine inch size. Additionally, there are working progress photos to help you follow the process and focus on specific areas. Feel free to explore these materials and use them to create your own unique and beautiful painting. Please share your final painting in the projects and resources section. I also encourage you to take the time to view each other's work in the Student Project Gallery. It's always inspiring to see what others create and the support of your fellow students can be incredibly comforting. Don't forget to like and comment on each other's work. Lastly, I highly recommend watching each lesson before you begin painting. This will give you a clear understanding of what to expect at each stage of the tutorial. If you find this class helpful, I would also greatly appreciate it if you could leave an honest review. Your feedback will help me improve my content and assist other students in deciding whether to join this class. Thank you in advance. 3. Inspiration and Painting Plan: I've been looking for a winter reference photo that features both snow and worm light because I think this contrast between warm sunlight and the cool snow covered landscape creates a really interesting and eye catching composition. This reference photo immediately caught my attention, but as always with landscapes, the more I looked at it, the more worried I became. I could see an infinite amount of details I would have to paint. In fact, I'm not entirely sure if this photo is even real or AI generated because when I was studying the branches and dry plants in the foreground, something felt a little off. But even if the details aren't perfect, it doesn't really matter because I like the overall composition, and it's still a great reference picture. I've already learned that when I paint landscapes, I can simplify a lot of things. I don't have to capture every detail, and I definitely don't need to recreate the photo precisely. Landscapes give us a lot of freedom when it comes to interpretation and turning them into paintings. I never start a painting right away. I give myself some time to think about how I'm going to approach it. I consider whether I need to mask out something. I think about the colors I will use, any elements I might remove from the scene, and most importantly, which order of layers will be the most efficient. Start painting only when I have answers to all these questions and when a plan forms in my mind, which sometimes can take even a few days. But all this preparation is very important for me because later when I paint, I already know what to do at each stage. I've taken all the steps in my head first, and then I simply repeat them with real tools. So here is the painting plan I established before I started and which we're going to follow. We'll start by masking out the sun and its reflection in the water. Then apply the first initial wash over the entire painting to establish the overall mood. Then we will paint the trees in the background with that beautiful mist in the distance. After that, we'll come a bit closer and paint the middle ground. Next, we'll paint the foreground. Then we will add ripples on the water and paint the water reflections. Once that's done, we'll add a bit more detail to the snow and paint the dry plants in the foreground. Then we will paint the main trees, and finally, we'll finish the painting by adding foliage and snow details with white gouah. So now let's move on to the first step and apply the masking fluid. 4. Masking: I've already transferred the line drawing onto my watercolor paper using a light pad. I used staples to attach the paper to a Gator board, and I also added masking tape on all four sides to create a nice clean border around the finished painting. Now I want to apply masking fluid to two small areas, the sun and the light reflection in the water. Because these are such tiny shapes, I won't be using a brush or dealing with soap on the bristles to prevent them from sticking together. Instead, I'm using a small embosing tool, which is much easier to clean and won't be damaged by the masking fluid. I'll be using Windsor Newton masking fluid. I pour just a little bit into an old cup and quickly close the battle to prevent the fluid from drying out and forming clumps inside. Then I simply dip the tool into the masking fluid and cover those two shapes. You don't need this exact tool to do the job. If you have a brush dedicated to masking fluid, feel free to use it. You can also use a toothpick, a pin, a needle, a dip pen, a silicon brush, a ruling pen, anything small that lets you apply a tiny amount of masking fluid to the paper. Once you apply the masking, let it dry completely. After that, we'll be ready to apply the first layer of paint. 5. Initial Layer - Setting the Mood: So now the masking fluid is completely dry and we are ready to apply the very first layer over the entire painting. This layer serves two main purposes. In the upper part, it will become our sky color, and in the lower areas, it will establish the overall mood of the painting. It shows us where the warm and cool tones are, and it gives us a soft base that we can build on later. I want to draw your attention to the three back washes I got here. This happened because once I laid down the colors, I decided to add more paint with more water, which turned out to be a bad idea because I didn't notice that parts of the layer had already started to dry. Adding more color created uneven wetness on the surface. And the new wetter paint pushed the pigment around. To avoid this, make sure your paper stays evenly wet and try to add more color only to areas that are still shiny. If they are starting to dry, it's better to wait until everything is fully dry and then add more paint in the next layer. In my case, it didn't bother me because the brown and blue back washes will sit behind the darker tree details, so they will be covered later the orange one didn't really bother me at all. For painting the background, use the biggest brush you have so you can cover the surface quickly. I'm using a 1 " flat brush, and I think it's finally time to buy something even bigger. I'll also be using a spray bottle filled with clean water. First, I'll spray my paints to soften them and make them easier to work with. Now, let's prepare the colors for this layer. I'll start with Windsor yellow, which is my cool clean yellow. I will use it around the sun and its reflection. We also need a warm yellow, Windsor yellow deep. I'll also prepare quinacridon red, which adds a lovely fiery tone and mixes beautifully with the warm yellow to make a rich orange. Next, we'll need burnt sienna for the blurry tree silhouettes and for neutralizing the blue, and of course, ultramarine blue as our main blue. We'll mix ultramarine blue with a touch of burnt sienna to create a more subdued toned down blue. First, we have to wet the entire paper. You can do this by simply applying clean water with a large brush or by spraying the whole surface with a spray bottle. I'll use the spray bottle, and then with my 1 " flat brush, I'll distribute the water evenly. Make sure the entire surface is evenly wet and has a nice shin. Now, I'll begin with Windsor yellow and apply it around the sun and the reflection. Then I will switch to the warmer yellow Windsor yellow deep to create a warm halo. Next, I'll start adding quinacrodon red to get those soft warm orange tones. I'm using a light mix. I don't want the colors to be too intense, or they want to look natural. The exception is right next to the sun and its reflection where strong yellows look brighter because they are surrounded by muted cooler blues. Next, I will pick up ultramarine blue mixed with a touch of burnt sienna. Burnt Sienna mutes the intensity of the blue, which is what we want here, a calm, wintery sky. Notice I'm using a lot of water and keeping the value very light. We don't want to go too dark at this stage. The burnt sienna also shifts the blue slightly toward green, and that's absolutely fine. If we compare the sky to the snowy areas, the sky is a bit more greenish, while the snow is more bluish. Don't worry if your sky drifts into a slightly green tone, especially when it meets yellow. Now, I'll add more of that orange tone, a mix of quinacradon red with yellow. Winds are yellow deep and bring some of that color into the water as well. Remember that whatever appears in the sky is reflected in the water. Next, I'll pick up a light mix of ultramarine blue and start painting the blue areas in the foreground, middle ground, and the water. In the foreground, there's also some reflected worm light on the snow. So I'm adding a little bit of orange there too. The tones right now are very light. We are building the foundation, and later we will deepen everything. The paint we are applying now will become the highlight areas once the darker layers go on top. Continue painting the water with orange and then gradually shift back to blue toward the bottom. Finally, run your brush with a light blue over the middle ground on the right side. While the paint is still wet and you can see a hyen on the paper, we can add the silhouettes of very distant trees. For this, I'm mixing burnt sienna with a bit of ultramarine blue, and I'm applying it to create a soft blurry tree line in the distance. Do this only if your paper is still wet. If it's already starting to dry, don't do it. Let everything dry completely or use a hair dryer, then rewet the paper and add the tree line in a second step. It's absolutely fine to divide this process into two steps. My case, the paper is still wet, so I'm adding the browns. On the right side, I'm keeping in mind that there is fog in the distance. I'm painting only the upper parts of the trees and leaving the lower parts light. Later, this will help create a fog effect when we darken the river banks. Thanks. I also wanted to make the yellows and oranges a bit stronger. So I added more of those colors, but that turned into a mistake because the paint had started drying. I should have waited and done that in the next layer. To soften the hard edges, I sprayed clean water over them, which helped, but at the same time, other areas started drying unevenly, and that caused some washes, but that's okay. They are in areas that will be covered by darker trees later. Now, let everything dry completely, and once this layer is fully dry, we'll move on to painting the background trees. 6. Distant Trees: The first layer is now completely dry. You can see those back washes, but they won't be very noticeable in the final painting. The paper remains perfectly flat, even though I used a lot of water, and that's because the staples hold it firmly in place while it expands and shrinks. Now, let's prepare a brown mix for the background trees. I'll start with burnt sienna as the base, then darken it with ultramarine blue. I'll also add a little permanent Alizarin crimson to shift to hue and give the brown a slightly different character. For this part, I will use a size ten brush and a thin size two liner brush. A liner is very similar to a rigger brush. So if you have a rigger, it will work just as well. The only difference is that the liner has slightly shorter bristles. I lightly spray the left side in the area where I want to suggest some trees. I don't want it soaking wet, just slightly damp. You can also simply apply a very thin layer of clean water. The point is to have the paper just a bit damp so that when I use the thin brush and the brown mixture to paint a few vertical lines, those lines will softly blur. That's exactly the effect I want for these distant tree trunks. Will add a few simple branches here and there too. Nothing complex or detailed, since this area sits far in the background. Next, I'll switch to the size ten brush. I will hold it almost parallel to the paper and pick up the brown mix using the belly or side of the bristles. The paint shouldn't be too wet. If it is, dab the brush on a paper towel once to remove excess moisture. With the side of the brush, I will make a few very gentle almost dry brush strokes. This dry brush technique creates a simple suggestion of foliage. Keeping the bristles nearly dry is essential. Only then will the texture of cold pressed paper show? If the brush is too wet, you will get a smooth, unified stroke. But here we want that irregular textured effect. Now I will move on to the distant river bank. I'll begin with the brown mix I've been using, but I will leave a small gap in the middle. In that gap, I will switch to burnt sienna, which is warmer and then add a mix of Windsor yellow deep and quinacrodon red right in the center. This helps convey the warm light of the strong sunlight hitting the ground. On the right side, I'll start by applying a light wash of water and then add the brown to the upper portion. The damp paper allows the paint to spread downward, creating a soft lighter foggy effect. I'm also incorporating some orange tones to enhance that warm atmosphere. Now I'll begin shaping the trees. I keep the lower edges soft in the void, adding too much paint at the bottom because I need that lighter value to suggest fog. I focus mainly on the tops of the trees, blending out the lower parts, and again, using dry brush strokes to create a loose impression of foliage. Next I'll mix a darker brown using burnt sienna, paints gray, and permanent Alyzarin crimson. With this dark mix, I will paint the pine trees. Starting at the top, I'll form the pine shapes with just a few brush strokes, remembering to soften the bottom. I'll paint one more tree, and in a moment, I'll add branch details. Looking at the reference, I noticed that the right side can use a bit more brown, so I've extended that area downward. I also added more brown in the middle as that section should be slightly deeper in tone according to the photo. Now, using the size two liner brush or a rigger brush or just the tip of a smaller round brush, I'll add a few simple lines at the ends of the branches, angling them slightly upward. These small strokes help enhance the look of the pine trees. Finally, I'll add a few simple branches, nothing too detailed, and that completes this section. Let everything dry thoroughly. In the next part, we'll paint a very simple middle ground. 7. Middleground: Once the previous layer is completely dry, we can add the middle ground on the left and right sides. I'll prepare ultramarine blue as a clean base and also a darker blue mix using ultramarine blue with burnt sienna and permanent Alyzarin crimson. Let's start on the left side. There are three small areas to cover. Begin with the darker blue at the bottom, then transition upwards to clean ultramarine blue and a touch of quinacrodon red, blending this area with the trees we painted earlier. Drop in a few darker vertical stripes and let them blur. This suggests subtle indentations in the snow cover. Paint similarly in the small area between the trees. Finally, add some blues to the very small riverbank behind the trees. Notice that I'm also leaving gaps in the upper parts to suggest sunlight catching the snow, creating highlights. On the right side, start with the orange in the top section and then transition to blue. Use light tones, don't go too dark yet. We can always deepen the values later with a second layer if needed. Begin lightly to create just enough contrast with the foggy background. At the bottom of this area, use darker blues to create the characteristic edge of the river bank. Imagine parts of the land tucked behind each other with the ones further back in deeper shadow. I'm also leaving gaps to suggest areas where sunlight hits, creating highlights. In the final painting, these highlights appear smooth. We'll create this effect later when we will be using a scrubber brush. So don't worry about perfect smoothness at this stage. Just leave the unpainted gaps. Now I'm adding slightly darker shadows where needed, and a few very little brush strokes at the top for extra texture. I'm mixing an even darker tone using ultramarine blue, benziena and permanent Alizarin crimson, and I will apply this in the darkest areas. Finally, using the tip of a clean de brush, I'll gently blend the colors to create smoother transitions. Uneven areas, hard edges or visible brush marks are fine. A little texture adds life to this area. That completes the section. In the next part, we'll move on to painting the foreground snow. 8. Foreground: In this part, we'll focus on painting the snow in the foreground. I'll be using a size ten brush, and here we'll need a slightly cleaner blue. I'm preparing some ultramarine blue, but I won't use it at full strength. I will dilute it with plenty of water to create a very light tone. Now we need to cover the entire area with snow but not with a uniform wash. Our goal is to suggest folds and gentle hills in the snow. I'm not following the reference photo exactly because that would be too complex. Instead, I'm imagining small hills of snow leaving gaps at the tops to catch the light and painting the main body of each hill behind it one after another. The hills get larger as they come closer to the foreground. I also want to remember that the snow catches some worm light. In the area below the sun, I'm using a mix of quinacredon red and ultramarine blue. This reddish purple tone helps suggest the worm light reflecting on the snow. Don't forget to paint the snow on the trees as well. Use bigger bolder brush strokes as you get closer to the foreground and vary the shades of blue. Add some darker shadows to suggest deeper indentations in the snow. At this stage, the painting may not look perfect. All these layers can make you feel like it's not going in the right direction. I've had these thoughts myself, but don't give up. Everything will come together once we add the main trees and especially when we add the falling snow. Just keep going. It will all come together beautifully in the end. 9. Water: Now it's time to paint the water and add shadows under the riverbanks. Right now, the riverbanks appear to be floating in the air, but adding shadows will anchor them and make the painting feel much more solid. I'll begin with a dark blue, a mix I already have on my palette and add a bit of brown. I will apply this as a shadow under the riverbank. But that's not enough. We need deeper shadows and stronger colors in some areas. I'll use Windsor yellow deep and a warm orange mix of Windsor yellow deep with quinacrodon red. The goal here is to use short horizontal brush strokes to suggest tiny ripples in the water, deepen the colors, and create the shadows. I'm focusing particularly around the white reflection in the water because this is an important area. I want the yellows and oranges bright and the shadows under the river banks rich and dark. As I move downwards, my brush strokes become larger and more relaxed. I'm not trying to add small precise strokes everywhere. I even use a dry brush technique to leave irregular gaps for added texture. While the paint is still wet, I will use a purplish mix to add the shadow or more accurately the reflection under the riverbank. On the right side, I'm painting a rough shape of the tree reflected in the water. I intentionally leave some gaps to create additional texture and spots of light in the water. Finally, I'll mix a darker tone using ultramarine blue, paints gray, burnt sienna, and permanent zarine crimson. With a liner brush, I will add this dark color just under the river bank and a few random horizontal strokes across the water surface. And with that, this part of the painting is complete. 10. Plants: This part will be quite fun and interesting to paint. We'll focus on the foreground, adding more shadows to the snow, softening some edges, and finally painting some dry plants. I'll start with a dark purplish mix and a brush size ten, painting tiny little holes in the snow. These are small details, but I think they add a lot of character and are worth including. Now I'm zooming out a bit and looking at the snow area as a whole. I'm deciding which parts should be darker and where I could add additional shadows. I'll use a very watery paint consistency because I don't want to overdo it, but I do want to deepen some areas. With the size ten brush and my diluted blue mix, I darken snow hollows and add subtle shadows here and there. Once the snow is darkened, I'll dry everything with a hair dryer and move on to the plants. For this, you can use a small round brush, a rigger brush, a liner brush, or anything that allows you to create thin, precise lines. I recently ordered some Chinese brushes, and I thought I would test the smallest one. When wet, it comes to a super fine point, almost like a needle. I've already painted with the larger sizes and I'm pleasantly surprised by how well they hold paint and how comfortable they are to use. I'll start with a very dark blue and test it in the back first to get a feel for this brush. It's extremely fine. And while I'm not sure whether the bristles are natural or synthetic, they work beautifully. The bristles are actually very long, and it takes a little getting used to how I hold it, but it's very nice to work with. Now, I'll pick a very dark tone and start painting the plants. I'm making random elongated brush strokes, and at the ends of some of those lines, not all of them, I'm adding organic shapes that resemble dry flowers. I'm painting more plants on the right side, imagining that some are growing behind the little snow hills. I try to avoid making the lines too regular, otherwise they won't look natural. I also noticed that the area around the sun looks too pale and since everything above is now dry, I can use the technique that created back washes in the first layer. This time, the back washes shouldn't appear. I'll add a warmer yellow around the sun and spray it lightly with clean water. This lets the yellow blur softly without causing any back washes because the surrounding paint is dry. Now we can let everything dry, and in the next part, we'll make a few small but quite important adjustments. 11. Softening the Edges: In this short part, I'll show you how to enhance the impression of light in a painting. I'll be using a scrubber brush, a Windsor Newton galeria brush size four. You don't need the exact same brush. Any smaller flat brush for acrylic painting with slightly stiffer bristles will work. I wet the brush and then dab it on a paper towel to remove excess water. Using the clean de brush, I gently wrap the areas around the sun very close to the edges of the masking fluid. The masking fluid is still in place. After activating the paint, I left some of it with a paper towel. I repeat this process around the masking fluid on the water. Next, I leift paint from the edge of the ground that touches the masking fluid. Using a gentle round motion with the brush, this creates a glowing effect along the riverbank. I also add a bit of warm yellow and orange to create a subtle halo of worm light. We can also use the scrubber brush to soften hard edges in the highlights, we intentionally left while painting the riverbank. I lightly rub these area so that the edges of the paint are reactivated with a small amount of water from my brush and then left the paint with a paper towel to create smooth, soft transitions. I repeat this process in the foreground, mainly around the purplish areas that catch more light. I also soften the edges of the distant river bank, especially in the middle where the strongest light hits. One last tip if you apply too much paint in the background and lost the soft foggy effect, you can restore it. Use a soft watercolor brush, wet the area you want to lighten and gently dab that area with a paper towel. This will lighten the area and create soft edges preserving the foggy effect. Let everything dry and in the next part, we will move on to painting the trees. And 12. Main Trees: In this part, we'll introduce a strong focal element, the dark trees. I want to draw your attention to the area of the tree where the sun is. The tree will mostly be dark, but the parts near the sun should include browns, reds and yellows to naturally enhance the illusion of sunlight streaming through. For painting the trees, I will use a very dark mixture of burnt sienna, paints gray, and permanent azarin crimson. I'll start with a smaller size six brush and then switch to a liner brush for the thinner branches. Pick up the dark mix and starting from the bottom with the main trunk, paint the tree using a wet on dry technique. You can choose to lightly sketch the main branches with a pencil first or improvise as you go. I can still see some pencil lines, but I am mostly improvising while looking at the reference photo. Now, I'll switch to a liner brush which is ideal for painting the longer thinner branches. Of course, a rigger brush is perfectly fine if you have one. Pay special attention to the width of the branches. They should never be wider than the main trunk and they should gradually taper toward the ends. Avoid making the branches too straight or uniform. Let them bend naturally and grow in different directions. Two In the area where the sun heats, I switch to burn CNM and then to Windsor yellow deep. The sunlight is bright, so these warm tones make the branches appear to glow. I'll also add a touch of quinacradon red for an extra worm highlight. I'll continue working on the branches and meet you at the end of this stage. The Once the main dark tones are in place, I decided to darken the area just behind the tree. This adds depth and gives a bit more three dimensional fiel, pushing that part slightly back in space. I apply a darker blue here and a little in the shadows in front. With the main trees completed, we are ready to move on to the next part where we will add the foliage. 13. Foliage - Dry Brushing: In this part, we'll transform our bear tree by adding foliage to bring it to life. I'll be using a size eight brush, holding it almost parallel to the paper. We'll use a dry brush technique, so I'm picking up dark paint on the side of the bristles. If there is too much water, I dab it on a paper towel. The brush should be just slightly damp. Using the side of the bristles, I'll create lots of texture on the tree to suggest foliage. This is just one way to do it. If you have an old worn out brush with frayed bristles, that can work wonderfully for creating foliage also. Those Chinese brushes I recently bought are also great because they fan out nicely and allow you to apply many irregular brush marks. But to keep it simple this time, I'm using a regular round brush. It may take a while to cover the entire tree, but don't rush. Patiently add as much foliage as you think is necessary. Remember to adjust the colors in the sunlit areas. Use more winds are yellow deep there to suggest sunlight hitting the branches. When you've finished creating the foliage, dry everything with a hair dryer, and in the final part, we'll add some finishing details with ah. 14. Finishing Touches with Gouache: In this final part, I will show you how to use gouache to add the finishing details and enhance the painting. I'm using Windsor Newton designer's gouache, and I'm squeezing a small amount onto a green index card. I like using colored cards because it helps me to see the gouache clearly. First, I'll mix a tiny bit of ultramarine blue into the white gouache to make it slightly bluish. Using a liner brush, I will add this gouache color to the tree to suggest snow on the branches. Guash is opaque, so you can paint light colors over dark areas. If it dries too transparent, it means there is too much water. Just a tiny amount of water is enough. The consistency should be fairly dense, almost straight from the tube with just enough water to move the paint around. I imagine where the snow would naturally settle on the branches, and I apply lots of small dots. I also use white guash to add snow on the tiny plants in the foreground. And even add thin brush strokes to suggest frozen stems and grasses. Next, we can remove the masking fluid to reveal the pure whiteness of the paper, creating a strong sense of light in the painting. There is nothing more white in the painting than whiteness of the paper. As a final touch, I like to add falling snow, one of my favorite effects in winter scenes. For this, I use a larger brush size ten with a slightly more dilutedquah. To spatter the paint, I tap the brush on the handle of another brush. It can get messy, so make sure there's nothing too important around, and alternatively, you can flick the bristles gently with your fingers. Add as much snow as you like. Once finished, you can proudly sign your painting, and after removing the masking tape, I noticed the upper edge of the river bank was a bit too hard, so I softened it slightly with a scrubber brush. And now I was completely happy with the result. I hope you're happy with your painting, too. In the next part, we'll summarize what we've learned in this tutorial. 15. Summary: First of all, congratulations on completing this frosty morning winter scene. It's a little bit challenging project, but the result is a magical painting full of light, atmosphere and depth. Let's take a moment to recap what we've learned in this tutorial. We explored how to interpret a reference photo, simplify complex details, and create a clear painting plan before starting. The planning part is really helpful because it makes even detailed winter scenes manageable. Learned how to apply an initial wash to set the overall mood, combining warm and cool tones to suggest sunlight and snowy landscape. We discovered techniques for suggesting depth, including softening technique using dry brush strokes and layering colors to create distant tree silhouettes and middle ground elements. We explored how to create folds in the snow adding subtle shadows and warm reflections to enhance realism and light. We use the brushes to paint delicate dry plants and added subtle shadows, improving texture and bringing life to the foreground. We learned how to use a damp brush to lift paint and soften edges, creating glowing light around the sun and reflective areas. We painted strong focal trees using careful brush work, adjusting branch thickness, and adding foliage with the dry brush technique to create texture and natural growth. Finally, we added snow highlights and final details with gouache to bring the painting together, enhancing contrast and the sense of winter atmosphere. Thank you so much for joining me on this creative journey. Completing this painting is no small feat and I hope you're proud of the winter scene you've created. Happy painting, and I look forward to seeing your frosty landscapes come to life.