Learn How to Make Rough Puff Dough: From Galettes to Puff Pizzas to Turnovers | Savini Gauri | Skillshare

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Learn How to Make Rough Puff Dough: From Galettes to Puff Pizzas to Turnovers

teacher avatar Savini Gauri, Serial Baker, Learning Pastry Chef

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Taught by industry leaders & working professionals
Topics include illustration, design, photography, and more

Watch this class and thousands more

Get unlimited access to every class
Taught by industry leaders & working professionals
Topics include illustration, design, photography, and more

Lessons in This Class

    • 1.

      Introduction

      1:24

    • 2.

      Preparing the Butter: Making Rough Puff Dough

      1:52

    • 3.

      Preparing the Dough: Making Rough Puff Dough

      7:15

    • 4.

      Folding the Layers: Making Rough Puff Dough

      10:02

    • 5.

      Rolling Dough: French Palmiers

      6:01

    • 6.

      Assembling: French Palmiers

      5:39

    • 7.

      Taking Palmiers out of the Oven

      1:51

    • 8.

      Rolling Dough: Strawberry Turnovers

      5:46

    • 9.

      Assembling the Strawberry Turnovers

      4:32

    • 10.

      Taking Strawberry Palmiers out of the Oven

      1:07

    • 11.

      Preparing Apples: Apple Puff Galette

      3:14

    • 12.

      Rolling Dough: Apple Puff Galette

      3:29

    • 13.

      Assembling the Apple Puff Galette

      5:46

    • 14.

      Taking the Apple Puff Galette out of the Oven

      1:49

    • 15.

      Preparing Toppings for Hand Puff Pizzas

      1:47

    • 16.

      Rolling Dough: Hand Puff Pizzas

      2:29

    • 17.

      Assembling the Hand Puff Pizzas

      4:20

    • 18.

      Taking Hand Puff Pizzas out of the Oven

      1:31

    • 19.

      Bonus Recipe: Twisted Puffs

      4:02

    • 20.

      Wrapping it Up

      3:28

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About This Class

Hello you beautiful bakers!

In this class, I will walk you through the process of making Rough Puff Dough (it has a billion possible uses!!)

Then I will be teaching you 5 amazing recipes to make using the rough puff dough:

  • French Palmiers (with sugar and cinnamon)
  • Strawberry Turnovers (glossy turnovers with a jam filling)
  • Apple Puff Galette (I will also teach how to assemble the apples to make them look like the ones you see in fancy bakeries) 
  • Hand Puff Pizzas (the perfect snack for parties) 
  • BONUS RECIPE: Twisted Puffs: After seeing this recipe, your dough scraps will never go to waste and perhaps will be tastier than the actual products

CLASS HIGHLIGHTS:

  • All recipes have been simplified to accommodate all skill levels: from novice to professional
  • All ingredients used are simple, common and easy to procure (and easily customisable)
  • This course consists of vegetarian (egg-free) recipes too
  • On completion of the course, you end up learning a universal and dynamic recipe of Rough Puff Dough and five unique recipes to make using that dough

SKILL LEVEL

This course is perfect for novice bakers who want to try their hands at laminated dough, as well as for experienced bakers who are seeking to master a classic puff dough that can be transformed into a billion bakes.

WHAT YOU NEED TO DO BEFORE YOU GET STARTED:

  • Download the recipes from the Resource section
  • Read the recipe carefully, beforehand
  • Make sure you have all the ingredients before you start baking
  • Feel free to ask any questions or queries you may have

FOR ANY QUERIES,

Happy Baking!

 - Savini Gauri

Meet Your Teacher

Teacher Profile Image

Savini Gauri

Serial Baker, Learning Pastry Chef

Teacher

Hello there!

I am Savini Gauri a.k.a. your baking and pastry mentor.

I am a professionally trained  Pastry Chef who loves to learn and teach!

I eat, breathe and sleep desserts (or anything baked for that matter), and am proud to say that I have been doing it for over 10 years. 

Over these years, I have learnt and understood quite a lot about baking and pastry arts. It is all that knowledge that I would like to share and teach everyone. 

These recent times have pushed all of us to think creatively and outside the box when it comes to our professional lives. I have been looking for ways and means to help share my knowledge and understanding of baking and pastry arts. 

Through my courses, I would like to help peop... See full profile

Level: Intermediate

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Transcripts

1. Introduction: Hello everyone. I'm Savini Gauri. And I'll be your baking and pastry mentor for this course. Before we get started, I wanted to brief you a little about what we'll be doing in this course. Basically, this course is all about making rough puff dough, we've all heard of lamination that is used to make puffs, croissants, and danishes and a lot of stuff like that, but that's for the professionals. But there's an easy way for us to do it at home without any of the machinery and equipment used in professional bakeshops. That is what is called rough puff dough. We will be making rough puff dough right in our homes with zero equipment. We won't be using a stand mixer or dough sheeter or anything just us and our rolling pin and a few other easy tools you'll find at home. In this course, we'll be walking through the process of making rough puff dough. Then after that, we'll be using that rough puff dough to make five recipes, we'll be making strawberry turnovers, will be making French Palmiers. We'll be making twisted puffs. Pizza puffs and an apple galette. The twisted puff is the best recipe or of all of them because that is the recipe we'll be making out of our scraps. So not only will I be teaching you how to make rough puff and use it and use it to make it into brilliant dishes. But also how to use the scraps that we have left from all those beautiful dishes. So I hope you guys enjoy this course and if there are any doubts, feel free to reach out to me. Thank you. Let's get started. 2. Preparing the Butter: Making Rough Puff Dough: Let's get started on the puff dough, before we start, I want to make it very clear in the beginning that when it comes to making puff dough, preparation is key. Preperation is the most important part of nailing the puff dough. So I'm gonna take one chunk of 85 grams of butter, put it on a plate, and just throw it in the freezer until it is nice and solid, but usually takes about two hours at the minimum. Now, I have a plate in which I've got some dry flour. I have another empty plate. I have a very sharp knife that I'll be using. And I have taken another chunk of 85 grams of butter. I will sprinkled some flour on the cutting board. I have lots of sprinkled some flour on the knife and on the button. Will start by cutting the butter into slices. We want the slice of butter to be about 1 fifth of a centimeter thick. It's a rough approximate measure, but basically we need ten slices and we will start placing distance laces on the Florida bleed. We wanted to let the bleed with one nice thin layer of pieces of mothers places. Then to make the second layer on top, we'll sprinkled some flour on the border slices and then continue adding more slices of butter on top. Once we're done with slicing the bottom, we're just gonna put this plate in the refrigerator for about ten to 15 minutes to ensure that the butter is nice and cold. In the meanwhile, IT admin workstation because cleanliness and being very, very meticulous is important while making BAFTA, it makes the process easier for us. Let's just clear out the work surface. 3. Preparing the Dough: Making Rough Puff Dough: Right now on my work surface here I have all the things I need. I have an extra large bowl. Ensure that the bowl is way larger than you think you need. And in case if you are living in a place which is Julie heart or your kitchen is humid, just throw all your tools as well in the fridge. That way, it helps you keep the temperature low and cool for a longer period of time. Then I've taken agree TO I have a spatula, I have some spawns all my ingredients, and then I have a plastic strap. I have these things ready. Now let's get the ice cold water out as well. So to begin, I'm going to add 210 grams. That is one and three-quarter cups of all-purpose flour into the bowl. That I will add one tablespoon of sugar and one teaspoon of salt. Using my silicon spatula, I'll mix these three things properly until the sugar and salt are equally, equally distributed throughout the flower. Then I'll take the frozen chunk of butter that I have, and I have lightly dip the butter in the fly to coat it. The two have a thin coating of flat on it. This coating of flour helps you ease up the process of greeting. So we're also going to add some dry flat on a greater as well. Now, we'll start grading the frozen butter. You have to be really careful while creating it, because since it is frozen, sometimes your hands get cold and you may get your hands on the graders will be really careful with that. If you're in the middle of the process, the butter has started to stick to your hands. Feel free to quote the chunk of frozen butter in dry flat. Again. Once you're done grading the buttocks, gently start posting the button flower. You don't want to press down on the button. You don't want to apply any pressure. You just gently want to toss the flat and butter until all the strands of butter or evenly coated with flat dry fly. We will continue this process of tossing until we are satisfied and feel like it is evenly coated in distributed throughout the flower. Now, we'll take out our butter slices, will be repeating the same thing with the butter slices as well. We will take out all the slices of butter and start putting them in the Florida. We don't want to apply any pressure or press down on these slices. We just want to place these slices ensure that they're not stuck to each other. No, two slices are stuck to each other. Just put all the slices into the flood. Then start tossing them again. You don't want to press down, you don't want to apply any pressure. You just want to toss them until all the slices of butter a nicely covered in the flood. Make sure that as you go you also keep your station clean, your workspace clean. That ensures that you have, you can walk quick COVID stuff and make sure things are very, very cool. Now that the slices of butter are all evenly coated with some dry flat, we're gonna start adding the ice cold water. Don't or add all the ice cold water at once. We have 60 MLF ice cold water over here, and we're gonna add it in increments. New start adding the water. Again, this is not a regular dose, so you don't have to need it. All you have to do is take your hand and bunch the door. You bunch it and leave it. You bunch it and leave it. You don't want to needed liquid will continue to add the water, the rest of the water slowly and continue the bunching and needing process. You don't want to apply pressure again, just bunch it and neat. Bunch it and leave it, bunch it and leave it. Then if you feel that the flood has started looking like doing it, I started to look a little hydrated. It's perfect. Once you're done adding all the water, you will realize that it has started to resemble or do know, in case you feel it's still looks. You can add another 15 to 20 mLs of water, ice cold water to it. But there are less chances that you'll need more water. Once you see that the DOT has started to come together, even if it has a few dry spots, that total rate, We'll stop needing the flat over there. We'll stop moving the door over there. We don't want to go overboard because the longer you take to need or handled the door, the button is going to start melting and we don't want the butter domain. Once we feel that it's coming together with some dry bits here and there. We'll stop needing and keep the bolus aid. Just drop off the floor access though from your hands and just put it aside. Now we're going to clear out to Workspace and take the plastic tab. We're going to lay down one layer of plastic wrap. Then we'll cut out another piece of plastic wrap and keep the second piece aside for normal. On the surface of the plant. First piece of plastic wrap will empty out all of our dough. We will just empty out all the DOE, even the dry bits and gently press it down. You don't want it to become one piece. We'll do that later, but just gently press down the dry bits onto the door. Then place the second piece of plastic wrap on top of the door. *** it up from all sales, make sure it is seeded from all four sides. Now we have a packet of tow, this packet of dough, we will gently press it down and try to make the corner shop so that it starts to resemble a rectangle. It does not have to be a perfect rectangle. It should just resemble a rectangle. Make sure that you keep this door on a flat surface to chill for 60 minutes in the refrigerator. 4. Folding the Layers: Making Rough Puff Dough: So now that it's been 60 minutes, I've cleared out my workspace and Yoda have the dough. I've taken a bench knife I will use to collect the dough. I've again kept ablate of dry flat and I've taken a dull pain. You can either use adult but not a rolling pin, whichever it is available to you. I will unwrap the door from the plastic wrap. And then before I take it out of the plastic wrap, I will sprinkled some drive flat on my workspace. On my station, I will sprinkle the flower or tip. Whenever you're sprinkling Florida, try not to sprinklers from the top. When you sprinkle it from the side and you kind of throw it from the side. You will notice that that throwing from the sale creates a nice and thin layers of giant flood that is evenly distributed on your whole work surface. Now we're gonna take that piece of dough and place it on the flat surface. I will also sprinkled some flat on top. Make sure the top of your dough is also valid sprinkler with Dr. Clark and the QDOT making a good puff though, is that before you start rolling it, you will always hit it with your dowel pin on your rolling pin. Start beating your door like literally start doing on your dough with the rolling pin. You will notice that since the dough is hard as it's been in the fridge for so long. The butter has frozen up and if he will roll it right now, nothing will happen to it. So we start by hitting the doll. We will hit the door for about 30 to 40 times. And then we'll start ruling it. Start drooling your dough. And right now our aim is to roll out the dough into a rectangle that is of one is to three ratio. Now, vantage to three is a roughly show that we have, we don't have a specific measurement in mind, but we will try and keep it to a one is to three ratio and vital, we're gonna roll it. We will also use our bench snakes to collect the door and give it a nice rectangular shape. This way it helps us control that the dual does not get old floppy and drawn into a viewer chip image to create a rectangle that is of one is to three ratio. And then we'll continue to link. We're going to use a rolling pin. When you roll it, you don't want to make small rooms, you want to make bigger, longer roles. And throughout the process, we will continue to use a bench knife to collect the door. This vivid able to make sure that the shape stays like a rectangular or at least resembles a rectangle. We also have to make sure that the door does not stick to the work surface. So we will continue to lift the door and chillax the tube. If you feel at any point that the door is starting to stick to your work surface? Just gently sprint goods and more dry flat over there. Again, we will continue to roll it, delivered is about half a centimeter thick, but we will also use a bench near to continue to collect it. That way, we can continue to try to make a rectangle out of it. Right now the edges look really rough and rounded and viewer, but that's all right. Once we reach the desired thickness of about half a centimeter, we're going to use our bench knife and make marks on it, dividing it into three equal pieces. You just want to make marks. You don't want to cut into the dude who just want to make marks. And then we will take the outer side and folded towards the center. Similarly, we'll use the adult of the state that we've marked folded before ending it, like we would fold a little. Now we've made our first fold. This will count as our first fold of creating layers. Now with the open side, which is also known as the lip of the door, we will make sure that there's on our right-hand side. We will stick to this right-hand side throughout the process. We will sprinkled some more dry flat on top and now vivo collected again, we want to make sure that it resembled a rectangle. So as you notice, the lip is on my right. We have to remember it is on the right. Now. Lock in these layers of door or do rocking the layers of the buffer TO, we are gonna beat it again. You want to beat it about 20 to 30 names. This ensures that the layers kind of Stephen, and it is these layers that is going to give it the leakiness in the end, again, I'm gonna collect it using a bench knife because I wanted to assembling a rectangle. And then we will start ruling it. While rolling the door. You will notice that whenever you would rule, the edges of the sides start to cough. To counter that we will just draw out on the edges. We will continue to roll this again and try to maintain a one is to three ratio. We are trying to maintain a one instruction ratio. We will again roll it until it is half a centimeter thick. We will continue to take the help of our bench nave and collect the edges trying to keep them meet. Vantage to three is the ratio we're looking for with the Dolby half a centimeter thick. We will also continue to relax the lower throughout the process by gently lifting it at any point if you feel it is sticking, you will just sprinkled some more dry flat and continued or link. I feel that again, I've reached the one is to three ratio. It is about half a centimeter thick. Again, using my bench knife, I will roughly the waded into three equal parts formed in the outer sides on towards the center piece. And again, the open side of the foreign debt is also called the lip. I decided to keep it on my right-hand side so I will place it back on Medicaid. See, you started assembling a rectangle even more now. So this was our second Ford. Started reading it again, again Vb thing it to lock in these layers. These layers will give our buff to the beautiful leakiness. I will be dead for about 20 to 30 dimes, and then I will relax the door, collected back into a rectangular shape using my bench knife. And then continued Olin. I will continue to roll it, GNG lacks it, roll it and relax it, and also ensure that there is plenty dry flat on the surface so that it does not stick. I will continue to rule in this process of relaxing it, rolling it, and ensuring it does not stick, has to continue. Again, delete this reached a one is to three ratio and the shape of a rectangle with being half a centimeter thick. I can always use my bench knife to collect it and keep the edges kind of neat and tidy to ensure that it continues to resemble a rectangle of vanish to three ratio. Once I'm satisfied with the vanish to three ratio rectangle and think it is about half a centimeter thick. I am going to make my third fold. Again using a bench knife. I will make the markings, dividing it into three equal pieces. Folding the outer sides of the door towards the center piece like I would fold a letter. Then again, the open side of the fault, that is the lip I decided on the right-hand side, so I will keep it on my right-hand side. This was my third forward. Now, again, using a bench knife, I will be collected and make it into a nice rectangle. I will sprinkle it with some more drive flush on the surface and on the top, and then mute it again to lock in all layers. I will be about 20 to 30 times to ensure that the layers are locked in. Then I will use my bench knave as well to collect the edges and make sure that it resembles a rectangle. Now, once I'm done building it, I'm going to take the plastic wrap that had kept aside, do not throw it away. Really could reuse it as many times as weekend. And now I'm gonna tightly sealed it in the plastic wrap and make sure it's seated from all edges. We don't want any air getting it. We're gonna chill this laminated buff TO for at least three to four hours are up to 24 hours. I usually like to keep it around six to eight hours, but you have to do it for at least three to four hours to ensure that the layers get perfectly set where they are. And we get a nice buff TO with flaky layers. Let's move on to the next lesson where we use this buff toe. 5. Rolling Dough: French Palmiers: So let's get started on our palm ears short. We have our puff TO that has been sitting in the refrigerator for six to eight hours. So I'm gonna let it sit at room temperature for five minutes. In the meanwhile, I have your prep with me. A plate of dry of flour or rolling pin, or a really sharp knife and a bench nave. Let's make the cinnamon sugar for which over here I have a quarter of a cup that is 50 grams of powdered sugar, to which I have learned one teaspoon of cinnamon and a few pinches off. If you don't like sort, you can omit that. And then we'll mix these three things up really well until all the salt and cinnamon is evenly distributed throughout the sugar will not keep it to say it. I also have over one tablespoon of milk at room temperature that will be brushing on the palm years. But for now we'll keep that aside as well. Let's get started on the door. First, we'll unwrap the door of the plastic wrap. Please don't throw away this plastic wrap will be reusing it. So keep it aside for now. We're gonna start by sprinkling some dry flat on our work surface. Remember you don't sprinkle from the top. We will sprinkle it from this side. We'll sprinkle some dryer flower on the surface, then something Dr. Florida on the buff TO as well. Remember we decided in the last lesson that we're going to keep the lip of the dough on a right-hand side. So I have kept it on my right-hand side. Now, we'll start beating the door. Since the door has been sitting in the fridge for so long, it is really hard to make it pliable. We will beat it about 20 to 30 times to make it a little easier to work with. Now I will start rolling the door. When we'll start rolling the door, you will realize that the sides of the node tend to curve and it does not necessarily resemble a rectangle. So to counter that, we're just gonna roll out on the edges of 34 corners of the dome. That way, it helps us balance out that COVID Joe and make it resemble a rectangle. We will continue to rule the door and we will also use a bench knife again to maintain the shape in case you feel that it is still becoming curved even if you're using the bench knife, Don't worry about it. We're gonna cut out the edges and make it all neat. But for now, we will continue to rule the door. We have to be really quick with their dog because it has butter and we don't want to make the button. Because if it makes then little start leaking and we won't get the layers really, really quickly. Continue to roll the toe. But we will also continue to relax the door and ensured that it does not stick to a work surface. In case we feel it is sticking to a work surface, we will apply some drive flash. This time our aim with the DOT is to roll it until it is about 18 inches by eight inches are about 1 third of a centimeter thick. You'll notice that normally DO has somebody only curved edges but that's fine. We'll cut it. It's rough. Draft isn't the name. Again, will continue to relax the door throughout the process and we'll sprinkle dryer flower whenever we feel the need and continue rolling. Once I feel satisfied, I will stop rolling. But until then, we will try to roll it out evenly until we have an 18 inch by eight inch rectangle. I feel we've reached the 1 third centimeter thickness. I'm going to stop rolling. Now using the sharp knife that we're taken, we're gonna cut out the rough edges. No viral carting. You have to ensure that you do not jagged your knife through the puff TO YOU have to place your knife where you want to apply pressure and lift an eighth. Apply pressure and lift an a. Do not dragged through the door. These pieces of scrap that we have from our puff TO we're going to collect these and we're going to use this in a bonus recipe that is at the end of the whole course. That's the last lesson of the course. If you feel you can't cut straight sides like without using a ruler, without using any help. Feel free to use a ruler to cut these straight sides. If you feel you can do it freehand, that is fine as well. But remember, you will not jag your 9th through the door. You will apply pressure and lift the knife and cut again. We'll continue the process until we have neat rectangle with us. And we will keep the scraps aside. We will not throw away these graphs. We have a beautiful recipe at the end of the course. Now the plastic wrapped, remember that allows you to keep aside, we're going to keep all our scrap pieces in it and wrap it up really nicely and put it in the refrigerator until we get to that lesson. 6. Assembling: French Palmiers: So here we have a rectangle. Now. We're going to take the mic and pastry brush that we have prepped and keep it ready. We will relax our dual VN last aim to ensure that it does not stuck to the surface. Then we will take a flat baking tray over here with us that I have learned with the silicon mat. You can always use parchment paper as well, whatever is available to you and keep that ready. Now, we will brush the surface of the buffer IO with the milk. In short, you evenly court the whole surface with the milk. Even the edges do not forget the edges and brush it. Thanks asleep. Then we take our cinnamon sugar and start sprinkling it on the whole surface. Again, don't forget the edges. We want flavor on all corners of the premier. Sprinkled sugar really nicely throughout the whole surface. Vile sprinkling also ensure that you sometimes pat down and make sure that the sugar is actually sticking to the milk that we've put. We will leave, say, about two to three teaspoons of sugar, the cinnamon sugar for later on. Now, using your bench nave, we will roughly mark those center of the dough. This is like a rough marking. We don't want to cut through the loop, we're just making a marking for us to see. You can use a knife as well to do that. Now, from one side, I am going to make a forward that is about one centimeter thick. This fold will help me roll the door easier. Now, where I've made the one centimeter fold, I will start rolling on it. And I will continue to roll this until I reach the center mark in that we've made. Then I will press down on their door to ensure that it is nice, at least stuck together and there are no air pockets. We will repeat this process on the other side. Again, I'll make a one centimeter thick Greece or forward. And then roll on that fold. Again, we will press down so that there are no excess air pockets and all the layers get stuck to each other. Using both your hands, you will start pressing on the door from all sides. We will keep it sideways, press on it. We will keep it straight, press on it, we'll keep it upside down and press on it. This way the palm ear layers get stuck together and there are no excess air pockets in the whole rule. Now, we're going to start cutting the palm years in charge. You have your baking tray ready. We will cut about a centimeter thick bomb ears. You can always alter the thickness. I liked them one centimeter thick. And this is a rough I'm not going to measure it. I'm just going to roughly start cutting them. Take your piece of Palm yet and gently press it in from both sides. So it starts to resemble a heart. We will gently press it in and start placing it on the prepped baking tray we have. We will repeat this process with all the pieces. We will cut it, we will press it in from both sides and place it on the baking tray. Ensure you please these pieces about two inches apart because they tend to spread when you pick them. This way, you will repeat this with all the pieces and slice up all the doors until you're completely done. Now, we will gently press down on the bomb years. We have to be very gentle with this press. We just want to make sure that the layers are stuck together. That's it. We're not trained to make it bigger or anything. Just press it down enough to the desktop. Now remember the cinnamon sugar, we'd get to say it. We're going to take that cinnamon sugar and sprinkle it on all the pieces. Just a light sprinkling on all the pieces. This helps get a better color on the bombers done topic. We'll keep these palm years in the refrigerator to chill for ten to 15 minutes. While these bombers were chilling, I preheated my oven to a 190 degrees Celsius. Now, I'll break these bombers at 190 degrees for about 2222 minutes or until they have a nice golden brown color on top. While the big, I'm going to clear out my workspace. 7. Taking Palmiers out of the Oven: The bomb years or out of the oven and they're beautifully golden brown. They've expanded in size. They have a nice golden color, all the layers and opened up perfectly. We're going to let them cool on the baking tray for about ten minutes. Before we transfer them onto a wire rack. Now we'll transfer them on the wire rack and let them cool completely. Transferring them on a wire rack ensures that they could evenly from the top and the bottom so that we don't have any soggy peanuts or any moisture left. I'll transfer them and then we'll taste them once they're nice and cool. It's been awhile and they're nice and cold and I'm going to transfer them on a plate. I like to keep my palm years old stacked up one on top of the other. Here they are ready to be eaten. I'm going to break a piece for you to see. And you will see that it is so nice and flaky and rough puff DO look so beautiful and all the leakiness is coming apart, all the laser coming apart. Let's move on to the next lesson. 8. Rolling Dough: Strawberry Turnovers: Let's get started on the strawberry turnovers. Again, I have one recipe of puff TO, that has been resting in the refrigerator for about six to eight hours. I'm going to let it sit at room temperature for about five minutes to make it more pliable and easy to work with. As always, I have everything prepped here. I have some drive flat on a plate ready to be used. I have a rolling pin, I have a really sharp knife, and I have a bench nave. Then I have one to two tablespoons of granulated sugar that will be used to sprinkled. Then I have some homemade strawberry jam in case you're interested in the recipe, do let me know. You can also use any other jam or preserve of your choice. Then I have one egg at room temperature that I'm gonna whisk up. Once it is whisked to this, I will add one tablespoon of milk at room temperature and mix it up really well. This will be our egg wash for the strawberry turnovers. For now. I will keep this to say it along with a pastry brush. Now let's get started on the puff TO, Let's unwrap our puff TO take it out of the plastic wrap. And again, do not throw away this plastic wrap. We will be reusing it. So keep it aside for now. We'll start by sprinkling the surface with some dry flat do not sprinkler from the top. Sprinkle from the side gives it a more even spread, as I had mentioned earlier. Then sprinkled some more dr bar on top. As decided in the puff video, I am keeping the lip of the dough on my enolate. Now, before we start beating there, DO ensure that there is nothing kept on your workspace or workstation that can fall off because of the vibration that this meeting will create. Let's start beating the door. We will beat the door for about 20 to 30 times to make it more easy and pliable to work with. And then we will start rolling it. Will start rolling it. We will make long big rules. We will not go with smaller roles, really go with big roles. You will notice that the sides will start to create a curvature. So to counter this curvature, we're gonna roll out just the corners of the dough so that we're able to maintain a more rectangular shape. We will continue rolling this dough and we will also ensure that it does not stick to the work surface. So we will lift the toe, relax the door, and if required, sprinkle mode dry flat on our work surface. We will continue rolling this dough, relaxing it again. Then we lose a bench knife to collect the edges and ensured that the edges stay nice and sharp. We will roll it again with the same one is to three ratio in my funnel. Constantly continue to relax the dough. Now we will switch site and start rolling the width. For the strawberry turnovers. The rough estimates that we have in mind is that we want to roll out the store until it is 18 inches by nine inches. That is about 1 third of a centimeter thick toe. Again, if the door starts to have curved edges or does not have nice sharp edges, don't worry, we're going to cut it and make those nice sharp edges. For now, we will continue to roll the toe. Again, big long rules to ensure even rolling out. Continue to relax it in the process as well and sprinkle more dry flat if required, do not feel shy. We will continue rolling it and relaxing it, rolling it and relaxing it. Once we're satisfied and feel like we've reached the 18 inches by nine inches dimensions or have reached the 1 third centimeter thickness, we will stop rolling. Use a ruler if you feel confused or if you're not sure of the dimensions, feel free to use a ruler. Now, we will start cutting the sides, the curved sides. Remember that we will not drag the knife through the dough. We will apply pressure and lift or knife. Then we'll pick up the knife, place it again, apply pressure and lift the knife. Do not throw away these scraps. We will be using these scraps in the bonus recipe at the end. If you feel you can't cut straight sides like without using a ruler or without using any help. Feel free to use a ruler to cut these straight sides. Or if you feel you can do it freehand, that is fine as well. But remember, you will not Jagger 9th through the door. You will apply pressure and lift the knife and cut again. Now, once we have a neat rectangle, we will take these scraps, placed them in the plastic crap we'd kept aside and put them in the refrigerator. 9. Assembling the Strawberry Turnovers: Now we have your rectangular piece of dough with us. Using a knife, we will make rough marks, dividing this rectangle into half, and respectively dividing both the halves into more hubs. So basically we have three marks that are dividing the dough into force trips. When we make these rough market, they just help us have estimates better. We haven't even sort of piece of dough. We will now divide the nine inch side into three equal pieces. So we will be making poor rough marks. At any point. If you feel that the marks are not correct, you can just drop over them a little and do it again. But again, these are rough marks if you are really finicky and want to do it to the T user ruler and make exact markings. By making these marks, we will now use them and cut them into strips. This way we will have 12 pieces of dough that will make 12 strawberry turnovers. We will now cut those markings and have 12 pieces with us. Cutting. We will again not drag our knife through it. We will apply pressure, lifted up and apply pressure again. We will not drag the knife. Once we're done cutting, we have over here prepped flat baking trip with the silk pad on it. You can also use parchment paper. We will remove these pieces of dough that we've got that assembling the strawberry turnovers. But first I will clear out my workspace and remove the dry flat and all the things that are not required over here. And have the things that are actually required that as the egg wash in the strawberry jam. Now, I'm going to take about one to 1.5 teaspoon of strawberry jam. And please sit in the center of the turnover, folded over to create a triangle. When you make this turnover, it is in the name, it is just a turnover. We will not stick anything or apply a new pressure if the jam leaks out from the sides, we will let that happen because that is what gives it the name and the beautiful taste of a nicely bit jam. We will continue to do this with all the pieces and start placing them on our line baking tray. Ensure that your pizzas are kept about an inch apart from each other. So that in case they expand, they have space and they don't stick and make one big piece. Continue this process of putting the jam and turning them over. With all the pieces are as many pieces as you can fit on your baking tray. I'm left with one piece over here, so I'll maybe use it later. Now, we will apply the egg wash on all these pieces. Will apply a wash on just the surface of these spaces. Nice thin layer of hogwash. Now we'll sprinkle the granulated sugar on all the pieces. About eight to ten granules are good puppies. And then using the sharp knife that we have, we will create slit marks on all the pieces, about two to three slit marks on all the pieces. This makes it look pretty when it peaks and in case there is any excess moisture, it helps get rid of that excess moisture. Now, we're going to take these strawberry turnovers and bake them in a preheated oven at 200 degrees Celsius for about 20 minutes or until they have a nice golden brown crust on top. 10. Taking Strawberry Palmiers out of the Oven: So our turnovers are out of the oven. We're going to let them sit on the baking tray for about ten minutes and then transfer them on to work via turnovers. You'll notice how nice and glossy look this gloss is because of the egg wash that we'd apply it. Now we're gonna get them ready to be served. We'll place these turnovers on any drill play to Lake. And they're ready to be served based best when they're slightly warm and not completely cool. I like to solve them when they're out of the oven. It's been like 1520 minutes since they've been out of the oven and just going to stack them up on a plate and there already to be head. You will notice that it has opened beautiful layers. The puff too has come out really well and you have some nice leaky strawberry jam on the sides. And it's nice and crispy and golden on the outside and very soft on the inside. I hope you enjoyed the recipe. Let's move on to the next lesson. 11. Preparing Apples: Apple Puff Galette: Let's make our app above, collect. For the Apple buff collect over here I have 1 eighth cup of melted and software and butter. Then I'm going to keep a Sade. I have the egg wash remaining from my strawberry turnovers. But if you want to make a fresh egg wash, it is made of Vanek and one tablespoon of room temperature on milk mixed up to get on that, I'll keep aside for now. Then to make a cinnamon sugar. I've taken 50 grams or quarter of a cup of powdered sugar, to which I added 1 fourth teaspoon of cinnamon powder that I'm going to mix up really well until the settlement is evenly distributed throughout the sugar. To this now I'll add two to three pinches off salt and mix up the salt as well. Then I'll keep the society. I also have a melon baller and abetting knife Sydney. For the apples, you can use a quarter as well. Let me get a plate for the scraps, for the apples scraps. Here is the plate for the app with scraps that I'll keep aside for now. Now, let's get started on the apple's. Usually you require two apples to make the Apple buff colored, but I like to keep an extra handy in case there's something wrong with the two apples that I have. First, I'm going to cut the apple into half using the melon baller. I will take out the Seed Center neatly from the Apple. Using a padding knife, I will cut off both the ends of the apple, including the stem. This way I have to really need two pieces of apple ready to be sliced for the bullet. We will start slicing the gullet using a sharp knife because they weren't nice cuts on the apple. I want the slices of apple to be about three to four MM. We will do that for the whole apple and start opening up the slices and shortening. No, two slices are stuck together. Now, I will take half an apple, slice it up the same way, about three to four places. But this time I will not separate the slices. I'm going to keep this whole chunk of apple slices together and use it for the center. But for now, I'm going to keep aside the whole chunk. I'm not gonna bore you with the video of me just getting apples. So let's just skip to the part where I'm done with the uploads. Here I have the apple slices all separated and 1.5 of an apple sliced up but kept together. The slices over the junk over there. Now I'm going to clear up my workspace to start working on the puff toe. 12. Rolling Dough: Apple Puff Galette: The path DO again has to sit on your work surface for about five minutes because it's been in the fridge for about six to eight hours and it's really hard to make it pliable and easy to work with. We said let it sit on the work surface for five minutes. As always here I have prepared with me My Drive flat on a plate, my rolling pin, my sharp knife, and my bench knife. But an additional thing I have this team is around baking tin. This is a 12 inch round baking. Often I will use to cut the circle piece of dough. But if you want to use a plate instead or if you have anything else that is round and it's about 12 inches in diameter. We're good. Now we'll open the puff TO and again, do not throw away the plastic wrap. We will be reusing it. To start using the puff TO we will sprinkle, dry flat on a work surface. Remember, do not sprinkle the flower from the top but from the side. As we've decided in the buffet recipe, the lip side of our dough is on our right. We will start beating the door to lock in the layers and make it more pliable and easier to work with will beat at about 20 to 30 times. After that, we will start rolling the puff TO again, the process remains the same. We will continue to relax it in insurer does not stick on the work surface, so we'll add more flour, sprinkle more flat if required. This time. Aim is not to keep any ratio in mind when we're rolling out the puff toe. We have to make sure is that the puff DO is ruled out till it is about slightly bigger than the baking pan I'm using to cut us the circle with slightly bigger than that, but in case you don't want to make around gullet, keep in mind that you can roll out the dough until it is about half a centimeter thick that where you can make a square or rectangular gullet or any shape you lake. But I let my goal, let's round. I will roll it until it is slightly bigger than my big Hinton. I will continue to use the baking tin and check if the puff do is big enough. I will keep the baking tin on top and check if it's big enough. While you're rolling out this dough. A good way to ensure that you've ruled out the door evenly is if you run your hand on the whole surface of the puff TO you can actually feel the bumps as to where it is thicker and where it needs to be ruled a little more. This way you don't have to go on with the whole puff. You can just fill out the higher or the teacup arts and just specifically rule them to ensure that you have an evenly thick buff to throughout. Now, my baking tin fits on it perfectly, so I'll stop rolling. Now using my sharp knife, I will cut out the round again. I will not drag the knife. I will make cuts and lift the knife and then place it again. I will not drag it. Again. We have these scraps that we will keep in our plastic wrap, wrap them up really nicely, and put them in the refrigerator for the bonus recipe. 13. Assembling the Apple Puff Galette: Now I have a three over here that is lined with some silicon mat. You can also use parchment, paper, whatever works for you. Now, we will take this round piece of dough and gently transfer it onto the lined baking tray. Here we have our circular path TO on the baking tray. Now, we will start folding about a centimeter of the edge towards the inside, just about a centimeter. You don't have to be really specific with this measurement. Just estimated Measurements wouldn't do. We will start folding it in. And we will repeat this process for the whole edges of the whole border of the puff piece. Again, if there's slight overlapping it for doesn't look too straight, that's completely alright, just repeat this process of folding in about a centimeter towards the inside. Now once you fold it all the same, you will notice that there is a slight border or a ridge that we've created on the edge. Now, take a fork, dip it in your egg wash and start creating marks around the whole edge. When you create this smock. Push the folk down and pull it back, push the fork down and pull it back. Push up and pull it back. This helps you ensure that this ridge will not open up while baking. We're in a way making it stick to the surface. And continue this process of making the marks by pushing it down and then pulling it back around the whole border of the buff. Once you're done with all the edges and all the whole board that is covered with these beautiful marks. We will take some egg wash and start brushing it on these edges. Whoops, I dropped some on the center. I'm just going to use this and pick it up from here only and brush the whole edges. My bad, Be careful. This is what you're not supposed to do. Do not drop it in the center. In case you do, that's completely fine. There's nothing wrong with it, but try not to then brush all the edges generously. Now come in that but slices that we'd made, we will start placing these apple slices along with the border of the whole buff TO all you have to do is take slices and slightly overlap them like this. There's no rocket science towards, it looks really pretty uncomplicated, but in reality it is a very easy process. We will continue placing these apple slices around the whole bottom. Again, slight overlaps. In case you love apples, you can even make a double layer or even placed the slices closer than they are right now. But I would recommend this thickness. It just looks pretty like this. And we will repeat this for the whole circuit. Again, if you are an upper-level, feel free to make two layers. Feel free to place the apple slices closer than they are right now. You can overlap them even more and fit an even more apples. But I like these menu only. When you come to the end of it, you have to ensure that it has to look picture perfect. So how do we make it look picture perfect? All you have to do is slightly lift the first slice the two are placed and slightly shoving the last piece or slightly slide in the last piece. This way it looks like one big perfect circle and you can't tell where you started. Now comes the slices that we'd kept together. Take them on your palm and press them back like you will open guards. Playing guards. See how this slightly open and not place that whole piece of slightly open apple slices. Now press down on all the apple slices so that this settling to the puff dollars land they don't fall off when the buffalo rises. Once it's all set. Now we'll use the melted butter that we'd kept. We will lightly brushed the melted butter onto all the apples laces. Don't need to be too generous with it, but then enough that it'll get a nice color. Once you're done brushing the butter on the apple slices, we will put another layer of egg wash on the border of the buffer TO the ridge that we'd created. Just egg wash all the bottom. After that we'll use cinnamon sugar. Eat meat. Just use your hand and pick up the cinnamon sugar as an start sprinkling it on the apples. You can be really generous with the sprinkling because this is the only sugar other than the natural sweetness of the apples will have in this glut, we've not added a lot of sugar in the door or anywhere else. You can be generous. Now, this puff DO has to sit in the refrigerator for about ten to 15 minutes for it to cool down completely. Vile. The apple buff gullet was chilling in the refrigerator. I have preheated my oven to 200 degrees Celsius, and now I will bake it in the oven at 200 degrees Celsius for about 2222 minutes or until there is a nice slide, golden brown color on the whole surface. 14. Taking the Apple Puff Galette out of the Oven: It up above the letters out of the oven. It looks beautiful. It has risen really nicely. We're going to let it sit on the baking tray for about ten minutes because again, it has a lot of butter and melted butter can really burn, so we don't want to do that, so we let it rest. Now, will not transfer it onto a wire rack like we did for the other recipes we're going to get it prepped to solve now because Apple, Google, it stays best when they're warm. Here, I have taken cutting board to serve it on. You can serve it on a plate or a plateau, whatever you like. Now comes the tricky part to transfer all these things I like to keep a steel spatula at hand. You can also use two large knives and offset spatula, whatever thing works for you. I like to use this giant spatula to transfer it. I will gently slide the spatula under the Collette and just transfer it onto the cutting board. Now comes the slicing part. Again. The, Let's usually add a little tricky to cut. The secret to cutting a good collect is have a very sharp knife and as we did for the buff TO, YOU never drag your knife through these things. You have to just place your knife at one place. Apply pressure, don't drag. That way. You get really nice laces, need slices. That way you get really needs places. Here it is a slice of our delete, all beautiful with a nice soft center based on the center and some beautiful puff layers on the outside. I hope you enjoyed the gullet recipe. Now let's move on to the next lesson. 15. Preparing Toppings for Hand Puff Pizzas: So let's get started on our hand buff pizza. For this again, I have one recipe of puff TO that has been sitting in the refrigerator for six to eight hours. So we're going to let it sit at room temperature for about five minutes. In the meanwhile here I have with me ten to 12 leaves of fresh basal. You can use any of the hub you lake. I have about half cup of tomato based homemade pizza sauce. You can even use some best TO or metal or any other source to lake. Then I have one tablespoon of chili flakes, one tablespoon of seasoning. In case you don't like these two, you can switch it with whichever seasoning you lake. Then I have 1 third cup of Hamburg. You can completely skip the hamburger. You can keep the ham bits. You can replace them with onions or olives or Alipay news or mushrooms, whatever you lake, or even bacon bits for that matter. But I'll use the Hamburg. Hamburg. Then I have one block of fresh mozzarella that I will agree it I'm not going to read the whole thing. I'm going to only grade about 75 to 100 grams of it. This is like one hundred fifty, two hundred gram block. You can also use any other cheese you lake, maybe a ricotta of feta, a chatbot, some parmesan or skipped the Jesus who don't like cheese. Now once I've graded it, I'm going to keep this aside as well. Then. I clear my workstation, clean it up, make sure there's no cheese bits left behind and clean up my hands because I don't want to spoil my buff toe. 16. Rolling Dough: Hand Puff Pizzas: Now that my hands are clean, I'm going to get started on the buffer TO over here I have with me my rolling pin, my sharp knife and my bench knife, and some dry flower. We'll start by opening the buf two and taking it out of the plastic wrap. Again, remember, we're not gonna throw away this plastic wrap will be reusing it. As agreed in the buff dough recipe. We will be keeping the lip of the door now right-hand side. We'll start by sprinkling dryer flat on our work surface. Remember sprinkling dryer flower from the side. Then we'll sprinkle someone top of the puff TO. Again. We'll start by building the buff TO ensure there is nothing kept on your surface there to fall off by the vibration will start by beating the puff TO about 20 to 30 times. To ensure that the dual becomes pliable and easy to work with. We'll start by rolling out the puff TO, again with a similar thing in mind that we had for our strawberry turnovers. We want to reach a point until it is 18 inches by nine inches, or about 1 third centimeter thick. We're going to continue to roll it and relax it throughout the process. If we feel that we need more dry flat or they're flat, door is sticking, we will sprinkled some more dry Florida. But don't forget to relax your notes throughout the process. Will continue to roll it, relax it, and apply enough. Dr. Floyd, if required. I feel we've reached the desired size. Now using my sharp knife, I will clean up the edges. Remember, do not drag your knife through the door. You want to apply pressure and lifted, apply pressure and lifted. Keep these scraps or say it and continue to cut the whole dog until you have gotten a nice and neat rectangle. Once you're done with cutting the scraps off, we'll take the plastic rapid kept the sale, put all our scraps in it, wrap them up real nicely, and just put them in the refrigerator for our bonus recipe. 17. Assembling the Hand Puff Pizzas: Now getting back to the puff TO now let's start cutting up the buff TO, I will divide it into about five strips. I'm not going to use a ruler or anything. I'm just going to eyeball it. If you want precision, you can use a ruler and divided into five equals ships, and then divide each strip into two equal pieces. I don't mind if they're equal or not. If you're finicky, use a ruler. I'm not going to use a ruler. I'll just eyeball it. Then I'm going to put away all the slices and make room for my baking, true? I am going to place all the puff DO pieces on the baking tray. Try to make sure that the pieces of puffed or about one to 1.5 centimeters apart so that they have some breathing room. I'm going to try and fit in all the pieces of puffed on this. I don't want to put in another batch. Now, we will start by applying the pizza sauce. I'll apply about one to two teaspoons of pizza sauce on each piece of dough. You can apply less or more whatever you prefer. Now we'll spread the sauce. While spreading the source, you just have to be careful about one thing that you'll do not want the sauce to leak to the sides or the layered part of the dough. Because if the, if the source leeks still there, that is going to hamper the rising processor, the leakiness of the WTO. So I like to keep it about half a centimeter away from the edges of the photo. So that one, it does not hamper with the raising and the fluffiness of the dough and to whoever eats it, your hands don't get dirty. To keep it neat and tidy. I like to keep it half a centimeter away from the edges. Then in case you don't want to make small puff pizzas, always remember you can make one giant puff pizza like we did for the big gullet. I like hand pizzas that easy and quick to solve. Once I've applied all the sources, all the sauce, I'm gonna start sprinkling the cheese. Again. These things are also subjective. You can sprinkle a lot of cheese, very little cheese, no cheese. It's all personal. It's a choice. You have to decide how much she's works for you. I like to sprinkle about one to two tablespoons of cheese per puff. Then when I'm done with sprinkling the cheese, I am going to take the Hamburg and put about six to eight hamburger on every puff pizza. I'm repeating myself, it's subjective. You can add more or less if you don't like Hamlet's add mushrooms, onions, olives, olive, good news, bacon bits, chicken bits, whatever. Then I'm gonna take the ergonomics and sprinkled some of that on all the pieces. And repeat the same process with the chili flakes. I'm going to sprinkle some chili flakes on all the pieces. Now comes a slightly complicated part. A lot of people like to keep or put their basal leaves on the pizza once it comes out of the oven. I like to put it in before it goes into the oven. This way my basal gets nice and crispy and it has a nice room art world. While if you put it at the end, I think you'll miss out on their beautiful smell of basal. I like to put it before I became the pizzas. I'm going to place one leaf on all the pizzas. This will go into a preheated oven at 220 degrees Celsius for about 15 to 20 minutes to see if there have a nice golden brown color and the cheeses nice and bubbly. 18. Taking Hand Puff Pizzas out of the Oven: Handcuff pizzas and out of the oven, they look beautiful. Garden, nice, flaky raised to them as well in the cheeses. Nice and bump it up. I'm still going to let it rest on the baking tray for about five minutes because heart Jews congenially burn your mouth and I don't want that to happen to anybody. So we let it rest for about five minutes. It's been about five minutes, are puffs are ready. I'm going to use a fork and gently start taking off all the pieces from the J and transfer them onto a plate already to be selfed. These make for a great party snack because they're easy to pick up handy, yet they're filling and people do feel satisfied after eating them. So as you can see, the layers have opened up really well. It's very nice and flaky are buff TO has some beautiful laminated layers, making them soft and crunchy at the same time. I really hope you enjoyed this hand pizza recipe in case you have any other recipe would like to see, do let me know. In the meanwhile, let's move on to the next lesson. 19. Bonus Recipe: Twisted Puffs: Now comes my favorite recipes, rough puffed twists. This, I'm still going to use the same baking tray I did for my pizzas. All you have to do is layout all the scraps that you have on tour trip because of I naught. And then just lay out all the strips about one centimeter apart. We're going to take all the rough scraps we have from all the recipes we've done so far. Just lay them out flat. There's no science toward, there's no method towards just randomly. Then over here I have a tablespoon of Reaganomics that I'm going to sprinkle on all these places. Don't worry about it sticking because right now it feels like it's just sitting on the surface. But when we bake it, it has enough butter on it that when the butter gets released, all these beautiful ****** at reporting on top will stick to it really nicely. Sprinkle the oregano on all the pieces. Then here I have with me some smoked paprika. You can completely skip the paprika. You can add a spicier spice if you want, you can add something milder. There's no specific thing that I would say. There is no specific recipe for this. You can add paprika, you can add dry actually powder. You can add ginger powder. If you like cheese, you can add some parmesan. And then I have some garlic powder. I'm going to sprinkle some of the garlic powder. Again. There's no one thing or one specific recipe. This is subjective. This is, you can literally add whatever you like. Now I'm going to press down one edge of the strip and start twisting it from the other side. And then once I'm satisfied with the twists I've gotten, I will press down on both the ends. We'll repeat this process with all the pieces big or small. You don't need to cut the pieces, just the scrap the way it is. Just it on the tree like that. In case you want to completely skip the twisting part as well, you can do that as well. You'll just have straight or looking puffs, but that is good too. Because at the end, when these go in the oven, they crisp up really nicely and become a really nice snack in case you don't want to go the saved reroute, you want to go the sweet root. You can also sprinkled cinnamon sugar on this or just some sugar on this, some brown sugar or some jaggedy whatever you like. I feel like squeezing a few more pieces. So I'm just going to put a few more strips and repeat the process with the Oregon all the smoke papyri, the garlic with these pieces as well. And now twist them. Once I'm done with all these pieces, I'm going to bake them in a preheated oven at 200 degrees for about 20 minutes or until they have a dark golden brown color. We're looking for dark Gordon Brown color. So they go into the oven now. Now the twisted puffs or out of the oven, they have a nice dark golden brown color and they look beautiful. I'm going to let them sit on the baking tray for about ten minutes for them to slightly cool down. Now that they've cooled down, I will transfer them onto a plate and just stack them up. They're not the prettiest looking snacks, but trust me, when you eat them, you will not regret it. They are perhaps the tastiest recipe out of all that I've done so far. I really hope you enjoyed this recipe. It's a perfect way to utilize crabs. Never value or of puffs, scraps go waste. Now, it's crisp. See how crisp, beautiful. This brings us to the end of the recipes. Now let's wrap it up. 20. Wrapping it Up: So this brings us to the end of this rough puff door adventure. I hope you guys enjoyed all the recipes. We started out by learning how to make these beautiful palm ears are French hearts, or pigs, or elephant ears. There's so many names for it. I really hope you guys enjoyed this recipe. We made the classic ones that are using cinnamon and sugar. You can always go seasonal. Like a lot of people do pumpkin spice or a nice car minimum flavored one. You can actually play with the flavors as much as you want there, nice and flaky and perhaps have a really long shelf life in comparison to all other products. Then we learned how to make these beautiful, shiny strawberry turnovers. These strawberry turnovers can be made with any jam, any preserve, any other flavor you like. Again, you can have a mixed fruit jam or mango jam, berry preserve. Anything. These recipes that I teach you are very flexible and can be molded into anything you like as per your personal preference. Then we moved onto our apple puff gullet. Again. The apple puff collects the side of it beautifully rows with the nice flaky layers with a nice moist center. I really hope you guys enjoyed this recipe as well. Again, this can be edited as well. You can make it with pairs, you can make it with some tangerine. You can make it with any other fruits you lake. But Apple's again, a very easy to handle fruit. I believe. I went to Apple route and taught you how to make an apple buff collect. Then we learned how to make hand puff pizzas. These handcuff pizzas are again, very easy and great for some place where you want to solve them in parties or gatherings they make for a great table snack. Or even if you're just sitting on your own one day and you feel like eating a pizza buffet. That's completely fine too. I love doing that. The highlight of it all I think these twisted buffs, these vested puffs, or perhaps an underrated recipe, I believe. Because usually when we make anything else, we tend to throw away these scraps or we don't really look at them as something that can be made into something so tasty and yummy. But these twisted puffs are that throughout the course my aim was to make sure that you understood and you were able to learn that rough puff is actually a very nice and simple concept. We don't necessarily need to go the professional lamination route. We can always go the RAF pathway as well and how easy it is to make a rough buff. It's all about good preparation, good tools, good technique. If you have any questions, any doubts, any other queries related to rough buffer all these recipes that I walked you through in this course. Feel free to reach out to me either here in the discussion section or on Instagram or on, through e-mail. Whatever method you want to use. Feel free to reach out. Feel free to tell me if there's anything else you would like to learn in the next course, anything else you would like for me to teach? I'll be more than happy to accommodate all those things. I really hope you guys had a good time and you were able to learn something from this course. Thank you so much. See you next time.