Django with Python3 for beginners | Learn Django by building real world web apps

1. Course introduction: Welcome to the best course online, which will help you learn Django by building real-world applications completely hands-on. I'm Professor. I have created this course to help developers like you gain confidence with the Django framework. Why should you take this course? The goal of this course is to make sure you learn Django the right way and don't waste any time going through broken, incomplete online tutorials. In this course, I have simplified topics and made it easy to understand. With real-world examples. I will make sure you not only loan jangle the right way, but also have fun learning it. This is not a theoretical course, but we will be doing practicals by writing code and building applications, which will help us understand each and every concept even better. This course is designed gaping pig nose in mind. We have material that each and every concept is clearly explained in an easy to understand manner. If you are a beginner, don't worry, I'm 100% committed to help you succeed. After completing this course, you will have a solid understanding of Django framework. We will be doing some real-world projects which will not only help you write complex web applications confidently, but also crack job interviews. Why should you learn Django? Django is a Python-based web development framework which is used for building highly scalable web applications. Django encourages rapid development and is very easy to use. It handles a lot of configuration automatically so that developers can focus on writing business logic. This helps developer save time and focus on what's important. Django is used by many top companies in the world. If you are serious about your cardio and becoming a good developer, loading Django can actually open doors to some of the best companies in the world. What are you waiting for? Let's take the first step. I'll see you inside the class. Thank you. 2. Setting up python on mac: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture, we are going to install and set up Python on your Mac machine. By the end of this lecture, you will have a complete clarity on what are the different steps that you need to take to install Phyton? Let's get started. The first thing that you need to do is you need to check if Python is already installed on your machine on RNA. You can do that by running this command button three, double hyphen version on your dominant. If you have Python already installed, you will see the version number being printed on the console. If you don't have any Python version installed, then you won't see any output. Just run this command and check if Python is already installed. If by ten is not installed, then we will go ahead and download the Python installer first. In order to download the Python installer, we will hear the word to a browser and search for Python download. And we'll press enter. Now, once we hit endo, we will see this first link download Python, which is on the website python.org slash downloads. I click on this link. The moment you click on this link, you will be taken to this particular page. This is the download page of the official Python website. Now, you'll see that it's asking me to download the latest version for Mac OS. Now it has already identify that I am on Mac machine, and hence it's deadly suggesting me to download. You can click on this and download the installer to your machine. You can also browse through a specific release that if you want to install any specific version, you can browse through. So there are different releases, but this is the latest version that you're seeing at the top. Downloading the installer from you is highly recommended. Just click on this and get it downloaded on your machine. Now once you have downloaded the installer on your machine, you have to double-click on it. And the moment you double-click, you will be presented with a screen which looks something like this. Now, I'm not actually going and installing Python on my machine because I've already installed, but in screenshots on my system. So I'll be giving you a walk-through. What are the different screens that I saw? And what did I do on each and every screen. You will see this introduction screen. You can click on Continue or were you okay? The moment you go on to the next screen, you will see an option to continue your as well. So this is the Read More option, right? And you can read more information about this particular software. You just hit Continue and you will be seeing the licensing information. You have to hit Continue with you. You can read the license if you wish to. And you might also be presented with a Agree button. You can hit I agree, and you can go to the next step. The next step it will ask you for the installation type. It's not the installation type exactly, but it's showing you the installation information. It's telling you how much space does particular installation will take on your system. And it will install exactly. Right now, this software is installing on this particular hard disk Macintosh HD might let say if I don't want to install in this particular disk, then you can click on Change installed location and change the destination. You can do that. I just hit Install. Alternatively, you can also see the Customize button you. So this is the standard installed that is happening. So you can see the standard installed that is happening over you. If you click on Customize, you will represented with this green. Now this screen allows you to customize the components of Python that you want to install on your system. You can check on takeaway you, but I would recommend to do a standard installed. On the previous screen. You just click Install. Or if you've entered the screen, like clicking Customize, you can click on standard installation. It will just install the standard version of Python with all the required tools that you need. Now hitting standard install will ask you for your system password. So if you have Touch ID enabled or you have password, you can just enter your system password. Once you know, you will see this progress. Now this problem is that Python installation is in progress. Okay, So the system is installing Python. You will have to wait for few minutes, not very long. After that discontinuing button will be enabled. And you can hit Continue. The moment you hit Continue, you will see a somebody. And this four will open up the folder which contains all the Python related fight. It just opens up and you can see the different files that's been created. You can just close this folder or you can browse through if you wish to. You can just close this and then you'll have to check if the Python is installed successfully. And to do that, you have to run this command, python three hyphen, hyphen version. Once you've done this, you will see an output which looks something like this. You will see this output and the installation is successfully. When this video was recorded, 3.8 was diluted version of Python. And I'm sure if you're watching it and when the new version is out, it's pretty much that you will have the latest version being printed over you. But don't worry, it's just the version changes with some more phi2 and some bug fixes. So don't worry about the version. If you're seeing a different version, it's absolutely fine. Once you're seeing the output on the terminal, you are done and you are good to go to use Python. In this lecture, we understood how can you install and set up Python on your local machine. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class super valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 3. Installing python on windows: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to start installing Python on our Windows machine. And by the end of this lecture, you will have instance of Python up and running on your Windows computer. So let us get started. In order to start the installation process. First, we also need to check if Python is already installed on our system. In order to check, we need to run this command on our dominant Python three hyphen, hyphen version. This command will print the version of Python if it's already installed. And if it's not installed, it won't print anything and show an error message. So I would request you all to check if Python is already installed on your system. If Python is not installed, we will go ahead and start the download process when we will be downloading this particular software from the Internet, and we would be then installing it on our system. In order to download Python, we need to head over to a browser and we need to search for biotin download. Now once you hit search on Google, you will be seeing this particular search result which comes up waiting first. And this is the link of the official Python website, python.org. And you are seeing the download, my thin Martin. So you have to click on this and you are taken to this particular webpage. At the top you're seeing download the latest version for Mac width. That's because I'm on Mac and the website has identified that I'm on Mac and it's showcasing that version. But if you're in Windows, you will see windows. Were you with the Download button at the bottom. And seeing this Windows download installer, you have to just hit Download button and download the installer for Windows. If you scroll down. You can also download a specific release of Python if you wish to. If you want to download the latest one, you have to go from you. It's highly recommended that you download the latest version of Python from this button. Once you have downloaded this particular installer, let's see what are the next steps that you need to take. Once the installer is downloaded, you need to double-click on the installer and launch it. The moment you launch the installer, you are going to see this particular screen wherein you will be asked like, how do you want to install Python? So you will be shown this Install Now button. You can click on Install now to install Python with default settings. Or you can choose customized to enable or disable features. If you hit Customize installation, you will be asked to select which parts of Python you want to install. We don't want to customize the installation. We want a standard installation. Will be clicking on this Install Now button. Just before hitting installing malware didn't just make sure this is checked. So this will be checked by default because it would be adding a lawn tool to your menu. And also, we need to check on this. We need to select Add Python 3.9 to plot this, you need to do. Now, one important thing I wanted to tell you is this is the installation video for Python 3.9. This is recorded when Python 3.9 most launched. But if you're seeing any different version on the website and if you've downloaded it, then the steps are the same. You don't need to worry about the difference in the steps. Because Python keeps releasing every version now and then. There are little enhancements in some of the versions and stability improvements. Don't worry about the version number. You might see a different version number if you are seeing this video at a different time. But the installation steps will be almost seem like they won't default, they won't change. If they change, I'll make sure I upload the video. So you have to just click on this checkbox or were you alright? Once you click on this checkbox, so there's a cancel button, which I've just heard in myself so that you can see the cancel button. You I'll just come back. There's a cancel button. So you just click on this, Add Python 3.92 part. You just hit Install. Now. Once you hit Install Now you will see the installation process has started and it's initializing now. So you'll have to wait for some time till this progress finishes. Once this finishes, you will see the setup was successful. There's a button behind me, so I'll just hide for a while. The installation is successful. It's the confirmation pop-up and you have an option to close so you can hit Close and disabled or hide this baba, okay, So this was an installation process. Once done, you have to check if Python was perfectly installed on your system. In order to check this, you need to run this particular command, python three hyphen, hyphen version. This will tell you if the Python is installed properly on your system. So you will see this version, something like this. And if it's not installed, you will see an error message. That's about this class guys. In this lecture, we understood how can you install and set up Python on your Windows machine. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this last valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 4. Setting up Atom on your machine: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about how can you set up atom on your machine. And by the end of this lecture, you will have a clear understanding of why should you use Atom and also how can you set this up on your Windows or Mac machine? Let's get started. Before jumping on to the installation process of atom, I would like to discuss a few pointers on why you should use an IDE first, we need to understand that. And after that we can headword to atom installation. So why do you need an ID? So ID stands for Integrated Development Environment, which is nothing but it's a software which provides you an environment for writing code. Now, there are lots of benefits on why you should use an ID over the normal text editor. You can also write code in a normal texture though. But writing code in text editor won't give you that. Productivity or an edge. Id makes sure that you have all the tools you need. And it also improves your productivity and makes your life much more easier. Let us understand how IID makes your life much more easier. The first benefit of using IDE is you get easy source code editing by highlighting syntax. So you get to C syntax highlighting for different keywords when you are using ID. If I have to give you an example, here's an example of a Python code written in a normal text editor. This is a normal text editor. You can see there is no syntax highlighting for you. But this is another piece of code written in an IDE. And as you can see that you're the class names to identify as the method names are highlighted. So you're, if you see the comments are also highlighted in green. Which really gives you a really good feeling. And you can understand that these are comments written. However, in a normal text editor, you can see that comments are appearing in a similar way, just like any other line of code, there is literally no functionality that is just raw text, but you feel better and it makes your life much more easier. Another benefit of using an ID is this auto-complete feature. If you're writing a code in a text editor, you have to type everything by yourself. But in IDE, you have to just type a few characters and you will be given an auto suggestion with the list, alright? And you can select from the list on what are you trying to write in. And you can also see parameter does information and all. This is an example of a print statement that I'm writing using an IDE. You can see the ID understands, okay, I might want to write in print. And it's also throwing me the list of parameters that can go with this particular method. It makes your life much more easier as compared to a normal text editor. So in a normal text editor, you might make a lot more mistakes than using an ID textual data. You might use incorrect parameters. You might make spelling mistakes, but since you are being auto suggested, you might just press enter and move on. And half of the code is automatically written in order generated. This is one of the important benefits of using ID. The ID, whichever you use, also comes with a lot of feature like easier debugging. Debugging is much more easier in IDE. You can, like many, most of the IDs in the market have this feature wherein you can attach a debugger to the code and you can see where, on which line the error is. And this makes your life much more easier as a programmer. Also, lot of IDs have version control features which you can use. And if you're working in a team, this feature becomes much more important, wherein you can see the different comments that are being done by your team. And you can see what are the changes your team is twin and more to your team is working on. Id in short, makes your life much more easier and makes you as a software engineer much more productive. This is about ID. Now let's hop on to our browser and let's download Atom, because Adam is the ID that we are going to install. And we're going to set this up on our system hardware to our browser window and on Google I'll just type in Though, download. The moment I type in item download, you will see this first link, atom.io, and this is the ID that we are going to use and install. So you can see this is the website and you can see some of its features. Like it has teletype wherein you can work with different developers, like some other developer, you can pair in and you can do pair coding. You have good Hub integration, which is nothing but a version control system. This is the world's most popular version control system out there. And it has a very good integration with GitHub. Then you have lots of features like smart auto-completion. You have a built-in package manager. If you want to add a lot more capabilities to your ID, you have a system of packages. Packages are nothing but plugins, which you can add into your ID. So let's say if I'm working with Python and if I want to have autocomplete feature, I have a plug-in for that. There are different plug-ins available to add various functionalities or what an above the base functionality that you have. You have File System Roberto, cross-platform entertain. You can set up multiple panes. You have features like find a place and a lot more things. So you can just go through this. And on the homepage I am seeing Mac and it's asking me to download. Now I'm seeing macOS because I am using a MacBook. I'm on Mac. And that's why it's suggesting me macros because it has identified automatically. If you are on Windows or Linux, you will see when those being displayed and the appropriate download button. Just hit Download and download the installer onto your system. In order to see the installation steps, we will go to this documentation link here. You can click on the Documentation here. And you have flight manual, API reference and atom discussions. So you have to click on atom flight manual. Here you will see this is the entire manual of the item ID. So we go to Installing Atom. And you have to do deal installation steps for every operating system. You're at the top. You are seeing Mac is by default selected. That's because I'm on Mac. Once you download the installer, you have to extract the installation files. Once you've done that, after extracting, you can then drag the atom application into your applications folder. Download, extract that. Do we get from the website? You have to extract it, unzip it, and then you have to track the atom application that you received into the applications folder and you are done with the installation. Now when you first open atom, it will install Atom and it will run some commands in the dominant. And once after you open item, you need to check and you need to be sure installation process for successful whether item is installed properly. For that, you need to run this command on the terminal, which item? This will print the location where the atom is installed. If you don't see an output for this, like this. If you don't see an output for this particular command, then it was not installed properly. Ideally, you should get this like once the installation process is complete. This is on Mac, it's pretty simple. You have to just drag drop the installer into the applications folder. For Windows, I just switched to Windows pane over here. And for Windows it's also easy and similar. So you will get EXE file. It might really, the name might vary depending on which platform you are on, 32-bit or 64-bit. Now, you have to just double-click on the installer and follow the installation steps. That is it. Now once the installation is done, you can launch atom. On Linux. If you're on Linux, you have commands for different versions of Linux. So if you are on Ubuntu or debit, you can execute these set of commands or you like they've given all these steps over you. You can just execute these steps on your machine. If you are on some adult Linux operating system like Red Hat or Fedora, you can run these commands at the bottom. The institution guide is pretty sorted for item. Now, heading over to our presentation, once you launch the atom for the first time, you will see or speech, which looks something like this. I saw this, but I have had instances where you may have also seen the welcome screen. You might also see a welcome screen or a welcome message, like welcome to item. You can just close it. And this would be the full speech that you will see. If you click on Add folders, you can add projects onto your adam ID. This is about the installation process and how you can set up an item on your machine. So let's summarize. In this lecture, we'll be understood how can you install, download and setup atom on your Mac, Windows and Linux machine. So I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this last valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 5. What is Django?: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture I'm going to talk about what is Django. And by the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete clarity on what is Django. We're going to understand some of the history of Django. We're also going to understand who uses Django and some of the benefits of using Django. I'm so excited. Let's get started. First, we're going to discuss what is jangle, what does Django? Django is a high-level web development framework which encourages rapid development and design of scalable web applications. And Django is very, very easy to use and saves a lot of developers time. Django handles a lot of configuration automatically so that developers can focus on building applications. If you are using Django, there is very less of configuration that you have to do as compared to the traditional way. Django handles all the configurations automatically by itself. Let's take a look at some of the history of Django. Django was designed by Lawrence Journal in 2003. And this started as an internal project. And it was released in 2005 under one of the license called BSD. As of today, there have been several improvements in Django as compared to the initial release, which was done way back in 2003. The current version of Django is very mature and has tons of features. So we will be learning each and every feature as we pass through our discourse. As of today, Django is open source with the contributors across the globe. There are lots of contributors who contribute and have helped develop this framework to what it is today. Django is completely open-source and free to use. So anybody on the Internet can download and use Django for building web applications using Python. Now, since we have a clarity on the history and the definition of Django, Let's see who uses Django. Django is used by some multimedia companies out there. We have Pinterest, Instagram, Udemy, essential, DoorDash, Mozilla, and even more. So these are some of the best companies that have been using Django. And some of their product is powered by Django. And such big companies are using it means there must be something for us to learn and something we should learn and know about. Django is being used by a lot of popular companies out there. A lot of biggies, and these are some of them. Now, let's talk about the benefits of Django. So what would be the benefit of using Django in your software development project? The first benefit that I can think of is It's Python-based. Python is very easy to learn as a programming language. It is known widely and it is very easy for any new developer to get started using Django, since it is based on Python, because it's very easy to learn Python as well. There's a lot of lesser code that you need to write as compared to other programming languages for simple tasks. And since Biden is very easy to get started, Django is also very easy to get started. This is one of the major plus points that it is based on Python. The next benefit we have is it's open-source. Now, Django is an open source framework, which means, what do we mean by an open source framework? Open-source means anyone on the Internet can freely download jangle and use it in their software projects, whether it's commercial or personal or for any use. And you can use Django without any development costs in mold. The third benefit would be rapid development. So Django is designed to save developer's time. Django makes sure that things are easy to use. And developers spend a lot less time in traditional tasks like configuration. And they spend a lot more time and focus a lot more on building the code logic of the application. And Django just takes away these traditional tasks like configuration and all. It just configures everything by itself. So that is very less configuration in mold when you use Django. So that developers can focus a lot more on the code logic of the application. The fourth benefit I would have is scalable. Django can scale quickly into a large application depending on the need. And there are apps that have been built using Django that serve over 400 million loss uses concurrently. Django is very scalable. It's very easy to scale. So if you are building a project or starting something today, there is. And if it scales to great heights tomorrow, then scaling your application to handle larger traffic would be much more easier if you are using Django. The next benefit we have is the admin interface. With Django, you get an admin interface that can be used by you. You can configure admin interface by just adding a few lines of code in a couple of files. And this is one of the coolest feature of Django. So with the help of admin interface, you can do a lot of administrative tasks and you can manage all the admin related activities in your application. In other places, you have to build an admin interface from scratch. But in Django it's building and you just need to do some configuration out there. There are more features, so Django has lots of features, like we see layout. It has water m, which is nothing but which stands for Object Relational Mapper. It's one of the features which converts models or something like you have models in your application entities, a database. We learned about this as we go throughout the course. Then you have something called as URL routing, which is handled by Django. We have something called as session handling. So if you are building apps that require session to be maintained, alright, so like if you are building login application wherein you have to maintain a login session. If you're building an e-commerce application wherein you need to save the items in the card during a single session with the use of all these things are possible with Django, so you can handle session. You also have multi-language support. So if you want to build your application, solving multiple languages for, if you have users all over the globe and if you wanted to make sure you so multiple languages, that's even possible with Django. In this way, Django offers a lot of more features like MEC layout, ORM, URL, routing, session handling, multi-language support, etc. These are some of the benefits, an overview of Django. So let's summarize. In this lecture, we understood what is Django? Why should you use Django? And how django makes life easier for developers? I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 6. Setting up Django on your machine: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about how can you set up Django on your machine. And by the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete clarity of the different tools that we are going to need to setup Django. And we are also going to see this process in action. If you're watching this lecture, I would recommend that you do install and set up Django on your machine as you watch this video along with me. So let's get started. So first we'll talk about what all tools we're going to need to set up Django. So we will first be installing virtual environment on our machine, and we will be setting up a virtual environment on a machine. I'll explain why we need a virtual environment. Then we'll be installing Django into that virtual environment. Now the question that you might be thinking is why do you need a virtual environment like Why can't do install Django directly on your machine. So there are many reasons on why you need virtual environment will be set up post the first reason is managing requirements for different version. Now, what do I mean by this? So Python applications often use packages and modules that not come as a part of the standard library that you would have on your machine. And applications will sometimes need a specific version of the library. And also the application may require that a particular bug has been fixed or application may be written using an older version of the library. So if you have multiple applications running on your system, they might be possibility that multiple applications might need different versions of pipeline, alright? That is because a compatibility issues or they have built using dietary. So this means that it may not be possible for one biotin installation on your system to meet the requirements of every application. If application, for example, needs version 1 of a particular module, but application B needs version 2 of a particular module. So you can have both the modules are different versions installed on your machine, right? There might be some conflict. Now you have to install either 1 or 2. Now, this will make one application running. One application won't be able to run because you don't have that specific version installed on your machine. Now, this is where virtual environments come into picture. So with the help of virtual environment, you can manage requirements for different versions. The next benefitted you have of what your environment is, it provides an isolated, self-contained environment. Let me explain that to you. So there was a problem that we've mentioned in point number one. So wet in multiple applications required different versions of software to be run. Now what is the solution to this problem? The solution for this problem is to create a virtual environment. Now what digital environment is nothing but a self-contained directory tree that contains vital installation for that particular version of Python lists a number of additional packages. Now, different applications can then use different virtual environments. So this can help you resolve the conflicts like we had when we discussed the point number one, isolated, self-contained environment would be the need if you have similar situation wherein conflicts are arising on your system. This is why we need virtual environments. Now, another point that I would like to mention you, Module environments, it's very easy to manage the dependencies that your applications need. So for example, if, let's say you are using a particular library, and if application a needs one motion of that library and application B needs another version of the library. Notice maybe because of the compatibility issues. If you have virtual environments set, then you can have different versions of library installed in different virtual environments. This could make sure, like bodyA applications could run without conflicting each other. And this makes your life much more easier. And you can manage all the dependencies in a very easy way without having much conflicts on your system. These are few reasons on why virtual environment is the need. Now, let me explain what is a virtual environment. So you can see this is your system, like consider this box as your system and you have Python 2.2 and Django to install on your main system. Now let's say you have application one which needs Django 1.5 and item 2.3, what do you going to do is you created a box. Now this box is nothing but TO self-contained virtual environment. Alright, this is an isolated environment wherein you can install this version of Python, this version of Django, and you can run application one in a very, very ECV. Then you have another application. Let's see. So you can create another virtual environment on the same system with different versions of software is installed. You can see you have Python 2.2 Django to install on that particular virtual environment. And application to is using that virtual environment. And then you can have one more example wherein you can have one more app, which requires the latest version of Django, Django three and byte and 3. Right now, Django three is not the latest one. I believe multiple motions have come in, but this is just an example wherein your application for needs Django tree for it to run. So this is what a virtual environment is, right? I hope you guys have a clarity now on why you need virtual environment and how virtual environments solved the problem of conflicting packages and conflicting versions on a siem system. Let's move on. We're going to talk about installation steps. So I just switch over to my terminal. Right? Now. We're going to start steps one by one to make sure that we have Django and virtual environment installing before we begin. Alright, so I will just show you I am in one of the directories called Django. So this is my command dominant. Now, if I type in PWD, it will tell me which directory I am in vitro media in depth, but you're going to Window middle and you can go to the directory. Very new wish to cold and wet and you wish to install stuff. Since I'm a Mac, I'm end-users vessel source code. And I've created a separate directory called Django. All right, I have to now make sure that I have pip3 install. Pip three is one of the packages that you will get pre-installed with the latest version of Python client in 3. If you have Python 3 installed on your system, you will have pip3 also running on your system. And a way to check if p53 is installed on your system is running this command with three hyphen hyphen version. And the version of pip three will be printed on your console. Or also if you guys don't know how you can switch to a particular directory, you can type in cd, two dots to go to the beta and the victory. So since I wasn't Django, I typed in CD dot dot, and I moved to the Beta indirective Django. Alright? If I have to go to a particular directory, I can use cd and see Django, Django, and just go good triangle. If I ls, it will give me the list of all the files that exist in this particular folder. But there are no files as of now. I'll just clear the dominant. Alright, I've confirmed that I have pip3 version installed, and I'll just clear the terminal by typing in clear. Now the both step over u is two. Install the virtual environment. Alright, so what I'm going to do is I am going to see in this dielectric pip3, I'm going to say installed. And the command I'm going to type is Pip eNB. So you can see this on the slides. I haven't run this command pip3 install pip eNB and you'll get the output something like this. Whether it will do some processing, it will download, it will collect what you'll environment than it will do some installation steps. And then at the end you will see successfully installed. This message is important. Alright? I just go ahead and I'll just run this command. Alright, The requirement is already satisfied, so I have already installed this particular software, and hence you are seeing this message. But if it's not installed on your machine, you should see this entire thing over u. So I had taken the screenshot when I had installer though, PIP eNB. And that is a screenshot that I am presenting to you all should see this message successfully installed at the end. Alright? Once PyPy and reason stored, I'll just clear. Alright, now we need to start installing Django. Installing Django, we need to first create a virtual environment. So how do we create a virtual environment? In order to create a virtual environment, we need to create a directory. We have already created the directory like we are in Django dielectric. Now, I'll say lighten three high phi1, M and V. And I love to specify the name of the virtual environment that I wish to create. I'll say Django, course, eNB. And I'll press enter. So this is the command python three hyphen m, Django. This name can be anything like you can give any name of your choice. Now after this command is executed, you can just press ls and you will see a directory is created now. Alright, so let's come on, list all the directory in the current directory. Only files and pull not only the detector. In fact, I can see this particular directory is created. Now, we have successfully created a virtual environment called Django course eNB. Once you have created the virtual environment, we now need to activate it. So how do you activate the virtual environment? You need to type in this command. This command read only book on Mac, unix and Linux machines or Windows. I'll be giving you the instructions shortly. On Mac, unix and Linux, you need to type and source. You need to specify the virtual environment name. Alright, so I need to see Django goes E and V slash. I need to see slash, bin slash activate. And I'll press Enter. You can see the moment I pressed enter. This particular coastal we'll change to Django, goes eNB, which means that now I have activated the virtual environment and I have entered that virtual environment. So now whatever I'm going to do will be within this virtual environment and not on my system. I'll be making changes in this isolated, self-contained environment. And not only system. This is how you can activate the virtual environment on Mac, unix, or Linux if you're on Windows, that is a separate command, so you have to specify the virtual environment name. So I'll just specify Django goes E and V. You need to put in backslash. You need to see scripts slash, activate dot back. You need to use this command and you just need to press in NGO. Or even if you go to this particular folder, if you go to this full load on your file system, alright, there will be a scripts folder node and they will be activated dot bad file under it on your Windows machine. You can redirect to this particular folder or using the Windows Explorer, and you can click on Activate dot bat. And that'll make sure that you have activated the virtual environment, but it's advisable. Let you do this from the command prompt. Alright, so if you dive this particular command, this is a dot bat script which will get executed this particular prompt or you, the DOM node bronchi will change to the virtual environment URN. So this will be the confirmation that your script has been executed successfully and you have entered the virtual environment. Once you are into the virtual environment and you have activated it, you will have to install pip three in the virtual environment. So let's see whether we have to be pre-installed in the virtual environment. We have 53.2. Alright. Now we are going to install Django. I'm going to say pip3, install Django. And I'll press enter. You can see it's downloading Django. It's installing. It does successfully installed Django. One thing to note is Django has been installed in this particular virtual environment that we created and not on the system. All right. And we also seeing and warning you that you are using motion going deep point-to-point three, but those are latest version. So you can upgrade. What I'll do is I'll just copy this command. All right, Let's look among that it's suggesting and I'll just basis and they didn't work on 1 second. Just alright. Successfully installed pip Grundy one. Alright. Now if I type in the BIP, you'll see VR on watching granny one. Just clear the screen so that it looks much more cleaner. Now we have installed Django. We obliterated the pip three. Now we need to verify if Django has been successfully installed. And to do that, we're going to type in Django hyphen admin. And I'm going to press Enter. Now the moment you press, I know you're going to see all this. It combines. All right, so all these suggested commands you're going to see after you type in Django admin. And this tells you that Django has been successfully installed. Just hit clear once again. Now once we have January installed, we need to now create the project. Alright. So before creating the project, I'll just check in which directory I'm in, I'm in geodetic tree. All right, I'll just hit Clear and I'll use a command, Django, admin, see, start project, and give this a project name. So I'll say Django course. And then press Enter. This is the command that you need to use to create the Django project. So January start project and the project name, and we got an error. This is not a valid project name, alright, so we can't use hyphen in the project name. So I'll just remove this hyphen and I'll press Enter. Now you can see the command will successfully executed just typing the command ls so that it lists all the files. And you can see Django course directory is created. Oh, you know, what I'm gonna do is I'm going to just navigate to Django COS directory. All right. I'll just typing ls, so you have one directory and one file where you are, right? We are in this particular directory, the main project directory. Now what I'm going to do is I'm going to start my soul. I'm going to type in fightin three managed BY, and I'm going to say Run, so I'm going to press Enter. This is a command that you can use to start the pie tin or the Django, so I should say. So. If you wanted to see your application in the browser, you have to make sure that the server is up and running. We have successfully started those silver, alright, and you're seeing the Django version being printed W. So it's Django for 0.1 version is what we're using. Alright, and you can see this message with you that our development solo, it started on this particular URL. So you can copy this URL. This URL is hope the local machine. This is localhost one to 7.1 and this is a wedding not obligation is running. What I'm going to do is I'm going to head over to a browser. I'm going to paste this particular URL. This is a URL and I'm going to hit Enter. You will see this welcome page, which is by default available in Django. And whenever you run your solo for the first time, this is what you're going to see. It clearly tells you that the installation has worked successfully. Congratulations. And this is the welcome page. All right, so we have Django successfully installed on our system is where you're going to see all the logs. Since I accessed the application from the browser, we could see some logs being printed to you, which we are going to ignore for now. Alright. Now we have Django installed. We have all the Django, so we're up and running. We have the app we can see in the browser. Now what I'm gonna do is I'm going to hide a word to atom. And I'm going to open the project folder. This is how atom will look for the first time. Alright, and we need to add, start adding the folder. I'm going to click on Add folders. I'm going to redirect to facile. So school, Django. And I'm going to select this particular folder, you, this was the project that we created and this was the environment. So I'll just select this particular folio and just hit Open. Now, you can see we have our project in atom. Now one more thing we should do is we need to add the virtual environment into our atom as value. And to do that, we're going to go to atom. We're going to go to Preferences. I'm going to go to install, and I'm going to search for package called atom hyphen. Hyphen will chill in V. This is the package that we need to install. This package is already installed on my system. But if you don't have it installed, I will request you all to install this. Once you install, you're going to see you, you know, virtual environment. This next will come after you install this particular package. Now how do you bring your virtual environment? Are you, in order to do that, you have to select the virtual environment you are in. So I need to go to settings. In settings, you have these two text fields. Under additional virtual environment, I need to be Steyn, the part of the folder where I have installed the virtual environment. All right, So I'll just head over to our terminal and just get the pot wherein I have installed. This is the plot wherein I have installed my virtual environment. I'll just copy this, and I'll just paste this. Now once we have added this particular folder, we'll click on no virtual environment. You will see your virtual environment appear over you. But if you haven't configured the spot, if you click on this, you won't see any virtual environment being gone. Figured. If you wanted to see this in this suggestion already, the system will return an environment that we have just created. In order to do that, you need to mention the bottle you, that this particular plugin knows where it has to look for the virtual environment that you are expecting. So what I'm gonna do is I'm going to select this virtual environment. And you will see this conformation virtual environment changed with success. And once this is done, you'll see the virtual environment being reflected with you at the bottom. This is a good time. Alright? So we have successfully switched or added the virtual environment onto atom. Alright, so that's about this particular class guys. So let me just give you an overview of what we did in this particular class and what all we learned. Let's summarize. In this lecture, we understood how can you set up and install Django on your system. We understood what is the significance of virtual environments and why you should have virtual environment is configured before you install Django, we set up our own virtual environment. We can either down which we'll environment, and then we install Django into that particular environment. We also executed or we also started our Django soil and we saw our app running live in our browser. Lastly, we configured virtual environment into atom. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class very useful. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 7. Overview of Django: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about and we're going to do an overview of Django. By the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete clarity on defy structure of ij Django project and what is the significance of each and every file in our project? So let's get started. We have for our development server up and running. Now to stop our development server, I'm going to show you how you can stop it so you can just press control C on your machine. And what will happen is the solo will be stopped. So you can see like what? So control C getting printed over u. So I've just put my solver. We can check the version of Django that we have installed a video like this. You can see we have installed version 4.1. Alright, so now we're going to head over to Adam and we have our project open here in front of us. You can see we have the main project Hill, which is nothing but the Django course. Then we have a sub folder which has the same name as that of the main project. You have two other fights. One is db dot SQL lite three. The other file is managed dot p-y. This db dot SQLite three is due database file that we have along with our project. Or if you are going to use SQL lite three in your project. This is where all the information is going to get stored, right? We have another fight. Recall manage dot p-y. This file is nothing but a command line utility that is available for our project. We can use this particular file for running up projects, running migrations, etc. If you notice, like in order to run a salvo, we executed this particular command, Python three, Manage PY run TO. And we did this from our project directory. When we executed this particular command. This command was using managed or PY file, which you can see you, you, whichever opened, it will have some code written in, but you don't need to change or you are not supposed to change anything in this file. This is the file that is available by default. We were using this particular file to start also, you can see this command where you might entry managed BY run solo. In a similar way, you can also run migrations. You can also make migrations. So python three managed BY make my edition is the command. It will make migrations. Whenever you make any changes in the database, we will have to make migrations and that is when this command comes helpful. You can also perform migrations using this particular file. You can say python3 managed PY migrate in this command will migrate all the changes to the database. This is a very helpful or utility file that is available in our projects. And v will be using this particular 5929 whenever we're working with Django. One important use case of this particular file is to run our solver. You could see we ran our servo and we could see Your Honor app hosted one of the ports on our local machine. So this is about managed taught BY. Then, if you expand this particular for-loop, you have this particular folder. Under this, you're going to see few more files. So you're going to see settings or BY, let's talk about settings.py settings or BY is a Python file. It keeps tracks of all the configurations for your project. All right, let me open the centroid to you. You can see it has some code already written for you. All right. You can see this is the settings file for Django project. And this is generated when we executed this particular command. And we executed this command to start the project. And this is a version using which it just generated. You can see some links to the documentation, will you? Alright? And you can see some code already written. Now you can see this particular file has all the configuration, so it keeps tracks of all the installed apps that we have in our project. We have apps like vitamin OT sessions. All of these are pre-installed apps that we have and we get along with Django project. You can add more. If you wanted to install more apps. If you create apps in future, you can add them over you. This file. We keep track of install apps middleware. So you can see the list of middlewares that we have in our project. You can also have a look at the configuration for templates. Templates is something that we'll be using when we want to show a web interface to the user. And we want to have a static HTML along with some dynamic content. That is when m blades come into picture. So this is nothing but the configuration for those templates. Then we have the database configuration. In see, our project is pre-configured using SQLite three database. And the database exists and the BSDI up in this particular file, db dot SQLite three, which is nothing but this is a base directory. And under the base directory we have db dot SQLite three. So this is the database that we have got preconfigured with our project if you wanted to make any changes in the configuration. So this is the default configuration that you have. You're going to of course, go and make changes. So let's say in case of database, if you want to use Postgres SQL or if you don't want to use SQLite three, you can get that configured over you. You can just come in and you can add your own configuration w. Now, if you store folder, you will have more settings that you can see. This is nothing but a settings fight which keeps track of all the configurations for your Django project, like install labs, databases, middle vertical configuration, etc. Then we have URLs dot p-y. This is another important file which defines all the URLs that exist in your application. You can see we have this particular URL that exists in application. So it's not an app and admin slash. And this is one of the UL is that is already defined. And whatever you wanted to do, we want to define, you have to pass it to the function or we don't. And you can see it's been assigned to you already by items. You can add more, you otters, and you can add more functionalities as well. So it doesn't bother. You wanted to start BY, then we have Ws GI dot b. Bye. This is another file. Once you're done building your application, the next step would be to deploy your application and hosted on Omeprazole. You would be building your application locally, like we're doing right now on a local machine. What do we actually, once the application is better, do you have to host it somewhere on the web? So Ws GI stands for Web solo gateway interface, and it defines how web service interact with your application. This particular file will act as an interface with it. That is this file for. Then you have is ga dot p-y. Now is Jan stands for o synchronous solo gateway interface, and it is now replacing WAS GI. All right, it works in the same way as WAS GI. And it has some additional functionalities as well. This is the upgraded version you can see for WAS GUI. So this is another file that you have in your project. This is about your project structure, Django project structure and the files you get by default in your Django project. So I'll just close all of this. All right, So that's about this class guys. I hope you guys now have a fair understanding of what are the different fights that exist in your Django project and what is the use of each anybody file that you see. So I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class while I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 8. Using terminal in atom: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about how can you configure dominant and use a dominant within item, etc. So by the end of this lecture, you will have complete clarity on the steps in bold and how can you do it right on your machine and sweating. Let's get started. So you can see your I am on my item dominant and telling now we have been using a separate terminal to get things done around Django. Alright, now we have an option menu we can use dominant within atom itself so we don't need to switch windows and do tasks odor. We can just run all the commands and write code within atom itself. Now how do we do that? In order to do that, you will have to go to the preferences. You, you have to pick an item preferences and you'll have to click on install. You have to install a package. And the package name is platform i, o dot IDE, sorry, hyphen IDE. I've been dominating. This is a package that has come up and this is what you need to install in order to enable dominant onto your system. Alright, this is already installed on my machine, on my instance of atom, and hence, it's not showing me to install icon view. You will see an installer icon and you can just click on Install like this added onto atom. You might have to restart item. Once you do that, you will see a plus icon coming over you. This plus icon, you're going to hover on this. It says new dominant. If I just click on this and you can see an instance of dominant appearing over, you know, this is our dominant, which we can use. So you can see Aldebaran present working directory that we are in. We can start running Django commands from here itself. We don't need to switch to an external dominant. Oem will switch over to atom. Now before we start running the command where you are right, we need to first activate the virtual environment. Alright, so you can see this is not in the virtual environment, and we need to first activate that in order to make sure that all the commands that we run are being executed in the virtual environment. For that, since I'm on Mac, I'm going to run source. I'm going to say django. All right, I need to first go back one directory where our virtual environment is. What I need to do is I need to now type in source, Django course V&V. I need to say when and activate. Enter. And you can see I have entered the dominant. I can type in PR as well. Now if you are on Windows, you will need to use this particular command. So you need to type in your virtual environment. What do we approach our environment is that you need to type in backward slash and you need to type in this and you need to place in the moment you press Endo, you're going to see the virtual environment being activated. So this is how you can do it for Windows. Once we have activated the virtual environment, you can go to the project directory, to the project directory, and I'd say by 103 managed dot p-y runs. So I'll just run this. You can see our development so is up and running. If I refresh this, it's up and running. Now how do I type in the command window? This is one instance of dominoes that you are running within. Your soul is running right? Now if you have to run more commands, you need to stop your server and run. No. So that is one more way in which you can keep your solid running as well as execute commands. In order to do that, you need to create one more instance of dominoes volume. So I'll just click on this plus icon or you, now you can see we have Bu instances. You do icons at the bottom left, and you're now I can run any command I wish. So I'm in the project directory. I can say Django admin version. One more thing to notice is we are not in the virtual environment. We need to again, go to the virtual environment, Yoda as well. So I'll say 1 second. I'll just enter the virtual environment. I'll say Django slash, bin slash activate. Alright. This is our second terminal button. We can execute any commands we want. We have two instance of dominoes running now, and we can switch like this in click on these icons on the bottom left and we can switch. I would highly recommend that you should get this configured so that you don't have to switch between multiple tabs. One way that I prefer to code, if you Okay, switching windows, I think that's perfectly fine. That's just a preference that I have. That's about this class guys. So in this lecture we understood how can you configure dominoes in atom? And how can you install package and do all these settings? I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 9. Apps in Django: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture, we are going to discuss apps in jangle. By the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete clarity on what is this concept of apps in Django. Why does this concept exists? And we're also going to start creating applications and setting it up in our project. Let's get started. What are apps in Django? So anybody Django application has the concept of project and apps. Now we're not neat. And what is the rule of each one of them? Projecting Django is the collection of apps and configuration files. And an app is a web application that is designed to do a specific thing. A Django project can have configuration files and multiple apps. Each app is responsible for doing certain things like authenticating users, accepting payments from users, etc. Every app is responsible for a part like authentication, logging, signup. There might be multiple apps in the project, depending on the various functionality, intermediaries doesn't work. The concept of project and app is in Django. Project is a collection of apps and configuration files. And one Django project can have multiple apps within it. Now, how do you create an app in Django? For that, we are going to headwear to Adam. We're going to just close this particular tab. We're going to just expand this a bit clear. Now, I'll start creating an apple with you. So for creating an app, you need to be in the project rubric tree. And you need to run a command. You need to see by 103, manage dot p-y. Start app. I'll call this app as full-stack. Best, enter. The moment you run this command, you will see normal put o, u bar. On the left-hand side. You'll see a folder is automatically being created. Doesn't nothing but an app that has been created in the root directory of our project. And if you expand this particular folder, you will see it has its own set of fights. All right, now what are these fights? These are radius files that we have within our application. So you'll have any dot p-y, which is nothing but an empty file. And it is not to be mortified. It tends that the current directory is a package. Extend MD5, and it tells that the current directory is a package. Then we have more than dot p-y. This is another fighting that we have over you. In Django, you have models which define the structure of the database and how data is stored there. You can define the design, relationships, the attributes, etc. All of the database tables, the columns, all of that. Alright? You can do that with the help of models taught BY. Then you have another file which is at main.py. And this slide is used to register Django models in the admin panel from where you can perform create, read, update, and delete operations of the entities. Django has an admin panel which is inbuilt, and you can configure different models over there. Then we have test.py. This file allows you to write test code for the web application. Then you have dot p-y. Views are defined in this particular file and views on nothing but interfaces through which users interact with Django application. All the views is defined in the form of classes and they're defined in this particular fights. These are the videos files that we get along with the application that we create. And apart from this, there is one more file which is usually created, which is nothing but a URL to start BY. So we usually create the auto insert BY within the application FOR loop. So we have one of the main project Q at the top. And then you have, you can create one mole you honors or PVA using new file that will define all the URLs that we have within that particular application. I'm dying particular file is not my default present when we usually create it. This is about the application and the concept of apps and projects in Django. In this lecture, we'll be understood What is the concept of apps and project in jangle. We also understood how can you create your own app. And we also went through the overview and the structure of different files that we have within the abduct. We agreed. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 10. How does Django work: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about how does Django work. By the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete clarity on the internal working of Django. And how does Django applications work and how does the request move from the user entering the URL in the browser to he's seeing the information on the webpage. So let's get started. So how does Django? Django is our MVD based framework and indent M stands for Model, We stands for view, and D stands for depend bleed. Now, what is model? So model is the logical data structure behind the entire application. Then we have something called as view, which contains nothing but the business logic. Now, view is the main functionality of the Django architecture. And this is where we write the business logic, which is going to be responsible for the request and response according to the client input. Alright, now, when the page is requested, Django creates an HTTP request object and the view takes the request from the user and processes the data accordingly with the help of the models. The view is responsible to present the data gathered from the model to the user. This is nothing but what a view is. It is responsible for taking the requests from the user and processing the day down with the help of models. Models. We discussed that it is the logical data structure behind the application. And this data structure is essentially represented in the form of the PDPs. Now, database can be any database like you can use SQL lite, MySQL, or Postgres. Now then we have the template. The template is the part that is used for representation of the HTML pages only web browser. It works in a similar way as in the MVC model. If you are aware of Model-View-Controller model, templates handle all the HTML CSS, and display the actual information to the user. This is nothing but how MVC framework works and model is MED based springboard, but in N stands for model, V stands for view, and these times for the pamphlet. Now let us understand this a little bit more. So here I have created a diagram which represents the flow of the information. And you can see we have a user and this user sends a request. So basically here in Tulsa, you want to, and he wants to see our particular information and he's trying to access a particular application. This request is usually entered in the form of URL to fetch the resource. This request is received by Django. What Django does is Django looks for the URL mapping, looks up for the URL mapping. So let's say if you have an application with the URL slash employees, so this particular you will list the list of all the employees user intos this particular URL in the browser, for example, application name.com slash employees, Django receives this request. This request is then looked up whether is there any such you want to define. So there must be some new wanted to define slash employees like we discussed in the URLs dot p-y. If there is a similar, you want to define slash employees. It looks at for this particular URL. And after this particular URL is found, the corresponding view is fetched against this particular URL. You have the views defined over you. You will have view corresponding to the URL. Django does is it fetches this particular URL and it sees that this is mapped to this particular view. Then it goes to views.py OU. And ideally you will have the definition of that particular view. Django looks up for this definition and it starts processing the logic right. Now OEO in views.py, inside the view that Django has fetched or there, you will have code to interact with model and get the required data from the database if your application involves interacting with database. So if there is a database involved, there might be some code written within the view itself to fetch the data from the database. And then this information is compiled and shared back with the template. You can see here we have the URL, then the view is fetched, and then data is fetched from the model and the template is fetched, and then these two are combined. So these two are combined and the combination of the two is presented to the user. All right, modelling done walks with the B2B. So we have database will yield behind the morning, which allows the model to fetch the data. So this is how Django works in the background. So this is the internal working of how a request is processed from user in bringing the URL bill, he sees the information. This is nothing but how Django works. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. Let me summarize this class for you. So in this lecture, we understood how does Django walk. We understood this is MVD based framework. We also took a look at this concept of immunity wherein we discussed reward is Model, View, then bleed framework and how does a request walks or actually in Django within a user and dose or you want to in the browser till the time he sees the complete information on his or her browser. That's about this class, guys. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you soon. Thank you. 11. URL mappings: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to understand you want to do mappings. By the end of this lecture, you will have a complete clarity on what odd URL mappings and how does django handles URL. So let's get started. What is a URL and how does it work? So before talking about URL mapping, it's important that we understand what a URL itself is and how does a URL works. So U stands for Uniform Resource Locator. So this is the full form of the URL. And it is address that user in those in the browser to request for a particular web page. You, you also must have, use several websites and expected particular web page to load, right? So that is what you want, is, for example, you might have ended google.com and expected google.com to Lord, facebook.com, you must have entered an unexpected Facebook to load. You want it is nothing but something, an address that you enter into the browser and you would expect a particular web page to load. Now how does Django handle URL? Django allows you to define URLs that the user would end up in the browser. Developers can define the URLs using the plot function. You have a path function that exists in Django. And using this particular function, you can define URLs. And this function as a link between an element and the URL. Path function returns the tuple of URL patterns type, which is then used by Django. So here is the syntax of the function. So you can see there are different parameters. As you can see, the one is root, view, KWL, gs, and you have name. So you have these bowed assigned to none. Let us understand what each one of this is. We have root. So this allows you to define the URL that you wish to have. This is domain part. Then you have view. And here you specify the name of the view which this URL is mapped. Every you must have a view that is mapped to it so that it can show the expected result and the view to the user. Then you have the next two parameters. The next parameter is args and quarks is used to pass a variable number of arguments to the function and guanxi is used to define keyword list of arguments. Then you have name and name is used to assign a name to the URL that you are defining. There might be scenarios wherein you might want to define a particular name to a URL that you've defined, then you can use that name to refer the URL at different places in the Django application. And that is what this name and I'm adult allows you to do. This is about syntax. So let us hop onto our project right now, and let's create a URL to your, I am in our Django project which we created. Here I have the app for loop, and this is our main project folder. And under the main project folder you have this file called Joanna's dot PY. And you can see we have some commented code like we discussed. And see if we have the spot function which we'll discuss with you on slides. And you can see we had full but I'm a dose. You have two parameters defined you because not all foods are mandatory, the last two are optional. This is the plot function, and then you have the URL patterns. So by functions returns a tuple of URL patterns type, and this is used by Django. Django looks up for URL patterns. You can read some documentation. We'll URL Python, list roots URL to views. And you can see some examples, those who have been mentioned earlier. You can see this example. You, this is the example of homepage, so it's empty, which means it is the root URL. And your mapped it to a view, views dot whom. And then you have named this particular URL as home. Before doing this, you had to import views. You have to import views because views is nothing but a different file. Ou uses a different file you can see. So do refer to home, you need to import views. We'll be seeing all of this shortly. So this is the Project-based you want to learn, we would be creating or you wanted to write down in our app for low, basically, we need to create a URL in the app folder first are, then we need to add that particular thing within the mean, you want to dot PY file. What I'm going to do with you is I'm going to create a new file. We're going to say new file. And I'm going to say you want to start BY, okay? Alright, so we have, you ought to sort BY created. Now I'll go to this URLs dot p-y. And I'll say, All right, Nothing part is empty. And coma, I'll say include app, dot URL. This is what I'm going to add OU and go to coma. And you are seeing an error immediately. So our solver was running here. And you could see an error immediately when you include is not defined. You need to import included and include the z part of Django URL's package. I need to put comma, we'll, we already in boarding pot while include the include function as well. Alright, so instead of w codes, I think I need to have a single code like this. I'll save. So now you're seeing another error on your console. So you are seeing, does that other window, once we included this include function. What we are doing we are now is OB half created a separate us to exert PUI Phi for this particular app for staff. We're telling Django that also consider all the URLs that are defined in this particular file, Yoyo, to say that we need to include the apps you want to go pee way into the main project you want to start BY Africa, including this, you will see an error again on the console. And the error says that this particular file that we have, the URL to sort BY under Falstaff does not appear to have any patterns in it, so you already patterns is missing. And that's because this particular file is empty. So we need to define some code where we need to write some code over you. And to do that, I'm going to just copy this so we can copy. You added buttons from you. All right, I'll just pasted here. And I'll remove this. We can remove this, we can remove this. We have you ought to distort quite an MD. I will also have to add an import statement to allow those inputs treatment we need to import pot because we are going to use the plot function. Alright? Now those done so you can see the error randomly, the moment we added URL patterns over you. And we saved the file automatically, randomly. Alright, so now we're going to add o value. So I'm going to see bought. And you wanted to, we're going to see is hello, world map this you want to do of view. I'm going to say views dot hello, world. I'm going to name this you want to as HelloWorld. We've done this and now let me save this. Save, you will see an error or you, it says name views is not defined, so we are trying to use views or you would we haven't imported w. All right, so we need to say from Dort in both views. All right, I will see you again. Now we're getting a different better. We're getting an error saying Falstaff dot views has no attribute, HelloWorld. And that's because we are saying get helloworld from the views file might actually in views we don't have helloworld defines, so that's the error we're getting. We keep this as it is. Alright? This is intention. This is how you can create or you want to and map it to a view in Django. Alright, so let me try accessing this URL no, and let me show you the output. So we have HelloWorld. This is a beach or accessing HelloWorld. And you will see we are getting an error. All right, no problem. So we are getting this error because the app is throwing the error. If I try to access, let's say WW, it won't load again. Alright, so let me comment this chord for a while. Twin error. I'm wondering to show you what happens if you try to access or you ought to, which does not exist. If I refresh this, you will see, you'll get an error for not full on. This URL is not yet defined. It's not defined because we have defined it, but we have commented, alright, just particularly you want it. But I'm just trying to show you the error code or you. So there are different error codes that exist with us. If you try to access or if a user tries to access that does not exist or is not defined, then you get a full naught fold. And full naught for the item means page not found. There are different error codes, Like one is for naught full, then you have full nor three. Full NAD83 stands for permission denied. If a user is trying to access something for which she does not have the permission. So in that case, you will see for nor three OU and the error message will be permission denied. You have one more record as 500. So you can see 500 or you, and the error message will be soluble adult. So if there is an arrow at the syllabus, you will see that particular error code. Then you have full naught for which we are already seen. There is one motor quarter quarter 400, which stands for bad request. You will see bad request message with you. So bad liquids means though we are the parameters that you've passed to access this particular page is not valid or the parameters or something is wrong with the request. And that's why it's saying bad request. These are some of the error codes that you should know. All right, I'll just remove this commented line and I'll just hit Save. And the lenders lecture on this error. In this lecture, we understood what is a URL and how does it work in Django. We also understood how can you create your own URLs and map it to a view in Django. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 12. URL mappings: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to understand you wanted mappings. And by the end of this lecture, you will have a complete clarity on what our URL mappings and how those django handles URL. So let's get started. What is a URL and how does it work? So before talking about URL mapping, it's important that we understand what a u itself is and how does a URL works. So U stands for Uniform Resource Locator. So this is the full form of the URL. And it is address that user in those in the browser to request for a particular web page. You, you also must have, use several websites and expected particular web page to load, right? So that is what you want is, for example, you might have entered google.com and expected google.com to Facebook.com, you must have entered an unexpected Facebook to load. You want it is nothing but something, an address that you enter into the browser and you would expect a particular web page to load. Now how does Django handle URL? Django allows you to define URLs that the user would end up in the browser. Developers can define the URLs using the plot function. You have a path function that exists in Django. And using this particular function, you can define URLs. And this function as a link between an element. And the URL. Function returns the tuple of URL patterns type, which is then used by Django. So here is the syntax of the function. So you can see there are different parameters. As you can see, the one is root, view, KWL, gs, and you have name. So you have these bowed assigned to none. Let us understand what each one of this is. We have root. So this allows you to define the URL that you wish to have. This is domain part. Then you have view. And here you specify the name of the view which this URL is mapped. Every you must have a view that is mapped to it so that it can show the expected result and the view to the user. Then you have the next two parameters. The next parameter is args and quarks is used to pass a variable number of arguments to the function and guanxi is used to define keyword list of arguments. Then you have name and name is used to assign a name to the URL that you are defining. There might be scenarios wherein you might want to define a particular name to a URL that you've defined, then you can use that name to refer the URL at different places in the Django application. And that is what this name and I'm adult allows you to do. This is about syntax. So let us hop onto our project right now, and let's create a URL to your, I am in our Django project which we created. Here I have the app for loop, and this is our main project folder. And under the main project folder you have this file called Joanna's dot PY. And you can see we have some commented code like we discussed. And see if we have the spot function which we discussed over you on slides. And you can see we had full but I'm a dose. You have two parameters defined you because not all foods are mandatory, the last two are optional. This is the plot function, and then you have the URL patterns. So by functions returns a tuple of URL patterns type, and this is used by Django. Django looks up for URL patterns. You can read some documentation. We'll URL Python, list roots URL to views. And you can see some examples, those who have been mentioned earlier. You can see this example. You, this is the example of homepage, so it's empty, which means it is the root URL. And your map it to a view, views dot whom. And then you have named this particular URL as home. Before doing this, you had to import views. You have to import views because views is nothing but a different file. Ou uses a different file you can see. So do refer to home, you need to import views. We'll be seeing all of this shortly. So this is the Project-based you want to learn, we would be creating or you wanted to write down in our app for low, basically, we need to create a URL in the app folder first, and then we need to add that particular thing within the mean, you want to dot PY file. What I'm going to do with you is I'm going to create a new file. We're going to say new file, and I'm going to say you want to start BY, okay? Alright, so we have, you ought to sort BY created. Now I'll go to this URLs dot p-y. And I'll say, all right, nothing is empty. And coma, I'll say include app door. This is what I'm going to add OU, and I'll go to coma. And you are seeing an error immediately. So our solver was running here. And you could see an error immediately when you include is not defined. You need to import included and include the z part of Django URL's package. I need to put comma we'll we already importing pot while include the include function as well. Alright, so instead of w codes, I think I need to have a single code like this safe. So now you're seeing another error on your console. So you are seeing, does that other window, once we included this include function. What we are doing we are now is OB half created a separate us to exert Dui Phi for this particular app. First step, we're telling Django that also consider all the URLs that are defined in this particular file, Yoyo, to say that we need to include the apps you already got p way into the main project URLs to start BY Africa, including this, you will see an error again on the console. And the error says that this particular file that we have, the URL sort BY under Falstaff does not appear to have any patterns in it, so you already patterns is missing. And that's because this particular file is empty. So we need to define some code where we need to write some code over you. And to do that, I'm going to just copy this so we can copy. You added buttons from you. All right, I'll just wasted here. And I'll remove this. We can remove this, we can remove this. We have you ought to distort quite an MD. And I will also have to add an import statement to allow those inputs treatment we need to import, but because we are going to use the plot function, alright, now those done so you can see the error randomly, the moment we added URL patterns over you. And we saved the file automatically, randomly. Alright, so now we're going to add o value. So I'm going to see bought. And you wanted to, we're going to see is hello, world map this you want to do of view. I'm going to say views dot hello, world. I'm going to name this you want to as HelloWorld. We've done this and now let me save this. Save, you will see an error where it says name views is not defined. So we are trying to use views or you would we haven't imported w. All right? So we need to say from dark in both views. All right, I will see you again. Now we're getting a different better. We're getting an error saying Falstaff dot views has no attribute, HelloWorld. And that's because we are saying get helloworld from the views file might actually in views we don't have helloworld defines, so that's the error we're getting. We keep this as it is. Alright? This is intention. This is how you can create or you want to and map it to a view in Django. Alright, so let me try accessing this you ought to know and let me show you the output. So we have HelloWorld. This is a beach or accessing HelloWorld. And you will see we are getting an error. All right, no problem. So we are getting this error because the app is throwing the error. If I try to access, let's say WW won't load again. All right, so let me come in Discord for a while. Twitter. I'm wondering to show you what happens if you tried to access or you ought to, which does not exist? They finally finish this. You will see, you'll get an error for not full on. This URL is not yet defined. It's not defined because we have defined it, but we have commented, alright, just particularly you want it. But I'm just trying to show you the error code or you. So there are different error codes that exist with us. If you try to access or if a user tries to access that does not exist or is not defined, then you get a full naught fold. And full naught for the item means page not found. There are different error codes, Like one is for naught full, then you have full nor three. Full NAD83 stands for permission denied. If a user is trying to access something for which she does not have the permission. So in that case, you would see for nor three OU and the error message will be permission denied. You have one more record as 500. So you can see 500 or you, and the error message will be soluble adult. So if there is an arrow at the syllabus, you will see that particular error code. Then you have full naught for which we are already seen. There is one motor quarter quarter 400, which stands for bad requests. So you will see bad request message with you. So bad liquids means though, we are the parameters that you've passed to access this particular page is not valid or the parameters or something is wrong with the request. And that's why it's saying bad request. These are some of the error codes that you should know. All right, I'll just remove this commented line and I'll just hit Save and the lenders lecture on this error. So in this lecture, we understood what is a URL and how does it work in Django. We also understood how can you create your own URLs and map it to a view in Django. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 13. Views in Django: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture, we are going to talk about views in Django. By the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete clarity on what our views and how can you create views in your Django project? Let's get started. What our views? Views is the main functionality. Part of the Django architecture. View contains business logic, which is going to be responsible for the request and response according to the user's input. So let's understand how can you define a view we have already created or you want to heal? And particularly you want to is mapped to the view HelloWorld. Head onto views. Start BY. I'll start creating a view over u. So I'll say def, hello world. Now, every view has a pedometer request. This request parameter. And we also need to define the function body on, right? So what I'm going to do is I'm going to say written HTTP response. We need to return the object of this HTTP response type. And this is something that we need to also import. So I will say from Django dot HTTP, HTTP response. All right, then I'll see Hello World. And I'll hit Save. You can see the error randomly. The moment I hit saved, the error when WE, and now the Django is asking you to navigate to this particular URL. The app is successfully running. What do we do that with you? So we created a view or you, hello world. Alright, and this view was mapped to a URL, which is nothing but you ought to do is also called HelloWorld. Helloworld function accepts request as the parameter and every view we defined will take the request object as default parameter. This is very important. And likewise, every view returns HTTP response object that contains degenerated response which you want to show to the user. So here we have a sample response called HelloWorld. Alright, now let's head over to the browser and let's try refreshing this particular you want to. Earlier we were getting full naught for. Now, let's refresh. You can see now we are getting HelloWorld and this HelloWorld is coming in from here. I can also convert this to one with exclamation. I can refresh it. You can see it's changing as we change in the code. All right? Now, this particular response can come from anywhere. So right now we have hard-coded response, HelloWorld OU. You can have a response coming in from the user. You have some dynamic video. The second video, you are interacting with databases. You have some code redundant which interacts with the database, fetches the information and process it in HTTP response into the user. So you can have any responsible you and getting a warrant to render or show to the user. You can show it from here. This is how you can create views and you can view it in the browser. So that's about this class guys. I hope you guys have afib clarity on board abuse and how can you create views? In this lecture, we understood what our views and we also created of you ve loaned that view requires a request object which comes from the HTTP package. And it also Niepce, sorry, request does not come from a UDP package. Request is something that every view needs as default parameter. And then you have a UDP response, which is nothing but the return type of the view. So every view needs to return an object of HTTP response type, which has to be imported from Django load UDP package. And this responds is rendered in the browser and this is being seen by the user. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 14. Django template language: Welcome back guys. In this lecture we are going to discuss Django template language. By the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete clarity on what is Django templating language. We will be discussing the need for a templating language. And we will understand this with the help of a demo as well. So let's get started. What is Django template language? Html is used to define static pages, however, will in real-world apps, you need to have an ability to represent dynamic content. Now, what do I mean by dynamic content is something that is changing. If you go to Amazon and you would see reviews being changed everyday. For example, there might be a product which might have full reviews pretty and tomorrow if you go, it might have it reviews. This is an example of dynamic content or it's not static, but it's changing. Btl, which is nothing but dynamic template language lets you define dynamic content and separate data from data representation. Data representation is nothing but HTML. Html is used to represent data wherein you have some sort of formatting there and you render the data in the browser. But if you want to define some dynamic content inside the HTML, you don't have the ability to do that right now. So static HTML does not help you with that. But if you wanted to do that, you have something called Ask them bleeding system, which you can use. The Django has the Django template language, DDL, which allows users to build dynamic webpages. Let us understand what is a need for a templating language. Html is a static webpage and it does not solve dynamic content. Large-scale applications, if you're building. That needs to be an ability to push dynamic content into webpages. You can't just build a large-scale application having old static pages. It has to be dynamic. Now, let me give you an example. If you go to Amazon and search for UGA max, you will see this on the beach. All right. Now this page has static HTML. So you can see this all is HTML filters, Prime delivery, shipping options. These are all HTML. And then you have this particular thing when in us seeing all the UGA Max, you have HTML which defines the structure of the web page. You have this product grid or Yo, which is defined, doesn't define using HTML. But the content that you are seeing is dynamic content. Today you are saying this particular yoga mat coming first, the model you might see some other Hugo might come in here as first because of the change in rankings. So hence it's not static, but it's changing. And also reviews pricing everything is dynamic. So if the seller changes the price, it will be reflected immediately or you, it's dynamic. Reviews are also changing forever. So for example, as of now, USC, 11 thousand reviews approximately for this particular product. Tomorrow if you come, it might be increased to 12 thousand. You don't know, right? It's dynamic. And all the information that you are seeing or were you like the delivery, like this free shipping tag and everything. This is all dynamic content that is static. Html is used to give a structure to the web page. It has given a nice structure to this particular webpage of Amazon. But it's solving the dynamic content which is changing forever. All right? So if you have to build a large-scale application like this, you need to have an ability to solve dynamic content. In Django, you can create HTML files and render them. You also have the ability to define dynamic content in the HTML file that you create. What changes if there is a change in the state of the application. Like in this example, if there is a change in pricing, it will be reflected over you. The similar functionality we have. If there is a change in the state of the application, django allows you to render that change. And this is done using Django template language. With the help of DDL, you define HTML templates which have dynamic and static content boat and not rendered depending on the street of the application. So this is nothing but how Django helps you render dynamic content with the help of DDL. Let us hop on to our IDE atom where you are, right? And we are going to do a hands-on demo. So in order to use DDL, we need to define templates. Let me tell you why you need them boots as well. We have this view here which was returning HelloWorld. Alright. Now let's say the one hundred, five hundred to render some HTML or you would call them building web pages. So I need to render HTML. How would you render an HTML page, or you can write HTML street over here, I can say h2. And I can see here like this, and I'll hit Save. You can see we didn't get any errors and hop over to the browser and refresh. You can see this change to heading to DAG, alright? So HTML rendering can be done within this attribute is ponds, object or right? But tell me if this practical. It's not practical, like HTML pages, if you're building a large scale applications, you won't have a single line of HTML code. You will have thousands and thousands of lines of code. How would you define that OU? And this is where the bleeding comes into picture. So here you can define templates in your Django project. Alright, so let me show you how you can do that. So we'll go to the root directory or you hide everything else. In root directory, I create a new folder, I'll call it m blades. And this is the page or this is the folder where all our templates will be. My templates. I mean, HTML5, having dynamic content. Now we haven't Development know that we'll be writing all the templates in this particular directory. But how does Django know that it has to pick all the templates from this particular directory. We need to tell jangle that you need to pick all the templates from this directory. And how do we tell that? We need to tell jangle using some configuration changes in settings.py file redirect. You can see that is our templates variable. We need to do some configuration changes. Are you alright? I will do is here you have this pedometer joke or D, c dot, dot, dot join. I'll see Bs, D-I-R. What we are doing is we are using this function always dot, dot join, and we are telling Django to join this base GIF coma emulates means the base directory of the project, which is nothing but the directory till Django course 1. Second, let me switch dominance. But if I type in this PWD, doesn't nothing but the base directory of our project. And basically means don't root directory in which your project exists. We are telling Django, like concatenate means directly and templates. So though you want to become Django calls slash templates, and that is where our template decide. But if you switch dominoes, the moment we saved this file regarding an error saying name OS is not defined. So we are trying to use a function from OS package. Join is a function in OS package which we need to import scar to the top, and I'll say Import. Hit Save. Run the solo again. You can see the error when WL. Now we have configured the template spot. Now what do we need to do is we need to start creating the template. I'll go to the templates for loop. I'll right-click and I'll say first dot HTML. And what I'll do is I'll pay some sample HTML, OU, least as HTML, it's basic. So it has full-stack application as the title. And under H2 it says, but you can do Django, hit Save. And now we have a template defined in this particular folder. I'm going to do is I'm going to go to views.py. Now the question is, are you returning the string which had HTML quantity? You could also return a string with organ extremely quantum. How do you return a page and how do you tell Django that render this particular page? We now need to render first dot HTML when a user requests slash hello and when this view is called. How do you do that? For that, we'll have to comment this. All right, and we'll say return. Render. Render is a function that we are going to use to render a template. And I'll say return the request object. Yoda double-quotes. I'll specify the name of the file, name of the template. And I'll save this. You can see we did not get any error on right. Now, what are we going to do is we can head over to a browser and we can just hit refresh. And you can see full-stack application is the middle ear. And welcome to Django does is coming from. Then bleed. We have successfully rendered or template. And it's an HTML template. It does not have the dynamic content yet, but yes, we're slowly getting there. This is a static template that we are rendering. Now the question is, how do we render our dynamic content and W? To make this dynamic, we need to pass dynamic parameters to this template. How do we pass a dynamic parameter? So in view here, we need to pass a parameter like this. We need to open two curly braces and I need to specify the parameter name. So I'm specifying name as the name of the parameter. Specifying the value. We need to pass the parameter in this format name. And the value of this parameter is fightin. Now this pyramidal is dynamic and it can come from anywhere. As of now, I have hard-coded this particular parameter. But this can be fetched from the database. So you can have some code which fetches the name from the database and it puts that particular name or you, alright, you can do that. But as of now, we haven't reached that stage yet. We haven't configured database and all yet. But what we're doing is we're hard-coding the content OU, and we are passing a value so that we can get a just on how dynamic content works. This parameter is dynamic and can come from anywhere. All right, now, what do we need to do is we have passed the parameters successfully. Now in the HTML page, we need to take this parameter and displayed to the user. How do we do that? Instead of saying welcome to Django, I'm going to put in curly braces like this. So this is how you use a variable in the template. And I'm going to see the variable name over u. Variable name is name. Okay? That 40-year passing from you. And with the help of two curly braces, I'm going to put in Nemo YOU. This pattern, like this way of specifying two curly braces, yielding HTML is known as gingiva code. Gingiva G ING gingiva code. This Ginger code is used to render dynamic content in HTML. I'm saying, welcome to static. And this particular thing is dynamic. It will come from D Django view. That is what I'm saying. And I won't all this thing, including this dynamic content to be formatted as H12. This is the mix of the static and dynamic content that you are seeing over you. So if you had a war to this particular page, all you get it as soon as this is static. Get it as soon as. But Tuesday, 28 December is dynamic. It's coming from somewhere. So Amazon is calculating this on the fly, depending on the current time. So when you search this depending on the current time, it's calculating by when it can ship and deliver this and get it as soon as is static. And this particular thing is dynamic and it's formatted in a way, it is tuned to the user. So that is what we are doing. What were you when you come to, does a dynamic coming from Django and it might come from database as well in future. But for now it's coming from Django and we're formatting it into N2. Now, I'll save this and let's hop onto our browser and let's refresh. You can see it's in Python. And if I change all your name to Tn, if I enter to n, and if I refresh, you can see when for you. So this is how dynamic content works with Django. I hope you guys have affair clarity on how DDL works and how can you make it work in your Django project. So I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. In this lecture, we understood what is DDL? How can you define dynamic content in your own project? We also understood why do we need dynamic content and why there is a need of having such a concept. But I think that is fair clarity now. And I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found it valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 15. Achieving more with Atom: Hello guys, welcome back. So I wanted to create this short lecture, could tell you about one more productivity thing, would Adam? I wanted to discuss a beautify login or beautified package, which comes with item. So you need to go to Adam preferences and you need to click on Install and have atom hyphen. You define. If you type in atom hyphen beautify, you will see this particular plugin which you can install. This plugin, we'll beautify your HTML CSS code. Alright, let me give you an example. If you go to views.py, that is a possibility that code might not be formatted in packages. Item beautify. You can see this Beauty Pie option where you use the shortcut for my machine. If you click on this, I got an error. And the error was it could not find a package called ortho PEP eight. Alright, This was the package that it couldn't find. So I Van Gogh my terminal. Alright, and I install, I ran this command, pip install. You can also run pip3 install puppet, and I hit Enter. All right. It goes not installed. How did I check whether it was installed or not? So I checked my running this command. You can run this command, python three hyphen, md, hyphen. Wilson said, you can see distractor is over here. It said that module does not exist. What it is. I went ahead and I installed this particular package. And after installing this, you can come to item, alright? You can see right now the code is not well formatted. So what are you going to do is you can go to beautify. You can see it's formatted now. So why according if your code is not well formatted, it's not readable. You can use this particular shortcut. You can buy hardness shortcut. Basically the shortcut on my machine is Control Option B. That's the shortcut, Control Option B for Mac. And you can check for your machine. This is one productivity hack that I wanted to share with you all the data. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 16. Project 1 : Welcoming user with name: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to create offers project. And the project is welcoming useful. But his name. By the end of this lecture, you are going to have this project already created on your machine. And while building this project, we will learn are tons of things about Django and how can we use different things in our project? Let's get started. This is what the project is. So you have a browser wherein you will see a form and this HTML, maybe they're false dot HTML uses it ended his name. Alright. He'll submit this particular form. And on the other page, welcome note, human user is shown a welcome message. Alright, so the user is greeted. That's the project. It's pretty simple. What do we really learn a lot in this lecture? So let's get started. Who create this? We need to HTML files first dot HTML and welcome to the HTML. False dot HTML will have a form wherein we will ask for user's name. Then we will have second HTML file, wherein we will welcome this particular user with his name. Alright, so we need to pass name from one HTML file to the other. Let's get started. So let's hop onto our project. You will open templates for the starter HTML. Alright. Now will you create a form under this body tag? I will start by writing a form. Form. We don't need to define a class yet. We don't want define an action yet. We don't want to define a matured yet. And I would say is type in some texts into your mean. And I'll have input field. This is all text and the name of this field is user. On those scores mean there's no value. We don't want any value you as of now yet. Then we will have a line break. So we have Draco you. Okay? Then we will have a submit button. I'll say input. Sorry, input. Type is submit. Just remove all of this name and I reward value. I'll save this hardware to our project in the browser and we'll refresh. You can see we have full start HTML OU, which asks the user for its name, along with the submit button. Now, when a user presses submit, we want to do some action. The action we will define what is welcome. Now action is nothing but the URL that we want the user to be reductive too. And I'll just type in hello with you or I'll say test that EMS best. Hit Submit. You can see we are being redirected and it's just coming onto the same page yet. I'll just save this. Refresh this again. Let me hit Submit. It redirected to the same base earlier because this was not saved. What I did is I save the code, I refresh and I tried it again. So now, once we submitted our name regard the full naught for error. This error says that Django is not able to find this particular URL. So we are redirecting the user to welcome because that's the action that we have mentioned you. But Django framework does not know what is welcome. And you can see the editor, we'll, Okay. Gang were tried all these URLs patterns but could not find. Welcome. Okay, now we need to go to URL desert BY of the app. Within the app, we need to do this URL to start BY toward add a coma with you. We need to create a mapping you or where you come. So we need to see, but welcome. We need to define the view file C uses equal to welcome. Really keep everything 10mers, welcome. Welcome. Run beautify. Rid of formatting, you're in debt and we have the URL just created. Now you are getting another editor. It says views does not have welcome. We need to add view now. We'll head over to use dot p-y. I create overview. I'll say def accept request. Here. What I will do is I will get the name. Here. We need to get the name right now. We need to take the name. If you remember, user enters a name on photo star HTML, we need to take the name and display it on welcome dot HTML. So name needs to go from false dot HTML to welcome to the HTML. What do we do is we have this request object has two pedometer with the help of this request object. Really good the user's name. And now we'll create a variable first, wouldn't say request dot, get C, username. Username is coming from the HTML file. So we have defined the username here. You're getting this username over u. Now we need to render. So I'll say return render, request chroma. Let's see, Welcome HTML. I'll pass the parameter name, colon. I'll say nim. We had hard-coded content earlier, mature. Now we have our dynamic content coming in. This is done. Now the thing is, let's hop over to a browser. Let's do a refresh. Let's type in a name, and let's do submit. Now we have another arrow so that you ought to zeta is gone, which you are getting older. But the error now is we don't have this template defined. Alright, so we add a rendering this template, but this template is not yet created. We will go ahead and we'll create this template. Here. We have welcome dot HTML and bleed created. And now are you. I am going to define some code which will welcome the user. So I will see H12. And I'll say welcome. From here, we're passing this particular parameter as name. So the name of this phenomena is name, and that is what we are referencing to. Wish you. All right. Now let's refresh this. You can see welcome best. Whatever name you pass in from you. So if I say Java submit, you can see by income Java John, submit it. You can see value component. Somewhere demo you pass in. You will be able to see that particular name on Vikram dot HTML. Let me explain this flow once again so that you guys are clear. So first we had a file called Fullstack HTML, which is nothing but the page that is loaded initially. And we have a form debt. We created two input type. One is the text field and another one is with the submit button. Input type text. We have username and then we have a submit button. Username is nothing but the name of defeat. Once we hit Submit, this particular text is passed along with the request object. First it goes to the URL lot BY, wherein it identifies the view. Once they view is identify, this particular pyramidal username is fetched in the view and it's assigned to a variable. And this variable is then passed as a dynamic variable onto the render function. Then we are entering this particular HTML, welcome dot HTML. And we're fighting this meme and we're displaying it to the user. So pretty easy How name went from one HTML5 to another. It's pretty simple. And we did it step-by-step. So in this lecture we did assembled project when we welcomed or users with his name. So I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. We got a lot to learn in this class. We understood how you can use requests, how you can fetch parameters and views, and how you can pass dynamic parameters and see it in action being displayed on the HTML templates. That's about this class, guys. I'll see you guys soon. Thank you. 17. GET vs POST request: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture, we're going to talk about different types of API requests. And by the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete understanding of what are the different types of API requests that exist and what does each type of API requests mean? So let's get started. Let's first talk about different types of API requests that exist. So the first type is a get request. Then we have something called as post request, PUT request and delete request. Now let's talk about each one of them individually. What is a GET request? A GET request is to retrieve or get resources from the database. So GET requests are only used to read the data and not change it. These are some of the examples of GET requests. Get requests can be used in a scenario wherein you want to retrieve some information. So let's say if you want to get a list of cities in the application, you can use a get request. If you wanted to get a list of all the employees, you can use a get request. So you only getting the information and you are not changing it. So you can use a get request whenever OR GET request is successful, you will get the response, response code as 200. This is nothing but all about GET request. If you hop onto the postmen, you will see a drop-down over u, which will show you all the request types. You will see ghetto you. Whenever you execute a GET request, you will see the response code or you. So 200, OK, which means that the request has been successful. This is about get requests. Then we have a post request. Now post request is used to create resources in the database. So an example of false requests would be creating a new employee. If you have a form on your application and on clicking Submit, you want to create a new resource like an employee. So you have to use post requests on that button. If you have to create a new resource, or post request will be used. And this is a response that you get if you're using post request. So you get to 01, which is nothing but created. So if you are creating something, you will use boosts request and you will get to 01. Asked to response to 01 sees that that particular thing has been successfully created, all you will get full naught for not found PUT requests. Now PUT request is used to update existing resources that already exist in the database. So let's say if you want to update the mobile number of an employee, so you can use PUT request in that particular case because the employee already exists in the database. Now you just need to update a property of that employee. You get response as 200, okay? If the request is successful, then you have something called as delete request. Delete request is used to delete an already existing resource on the server. For example, if you want to delete an employee from the database, you will use a delete request and the response on the successful execution of delete request is 200. Okay? So these are some of the requests types, get, post, PUT, and delete. You can use any of these requests type depending on the scenario or the kind of operations that you are willing to do. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found it valuable. I shall see you soon. Thank you. 18. Using POST request: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to use post requests. By the end of this lecture, you will have a complete clarity on how can you use post requests in your project. Let's get started. I have my server up and running and have already created or project wherein we are welcoming or user with the help of his name. Now, the thing that will do is if you notice the parameters being passed in the US. If I go to this particular page, Helloworld, okay. Whatever name I know, if John I submit, you see John is being passed in the US. This is because it is being sent as a GET request. Now what if I don't want the information that I'm entering on one webpage to another, the past in the form of us. Because anybody can read this right? Like I can read, you can read or it can be hacked. Whatever you're passing some sensitive information like passwords, urine, want that to be passed in the US. But in that case, you will be using post requests. So as of now, we will using GET request. You're in full starter HTML. We don't have any methods defined in the form. By default, it was using GET request. Now how do we convert it to post your we need to add method. You can see that our default two parameters with that you can put in two values, GET and post. I'll put postwar you and I'll hit Save. Now African murdered this form to the post method. Now let's hop onto our browser. Let me refresh the application. Refreshed. Now let me type in test. Let me submit. For the moment you hit Submit, you will see this error. Full node three, forwarded it phase CSRF verification Introduction, feed request, a border. What is CSRF verification? Csrf is a type of attack and Django go to whites or tag, which you have to use with post requests to prevent it. If you're using post requests, you have to use a tag which is specific to this particular attack. You can Google CSRF if you haven't heard or to CSRF, CSRF and other window. So you can see it's stands for cross-site request forgery attack. It's a type of attack which hackers can do. Django already has provided us with our DAG, which prevents this kind of attack. You can read about this attack if you want to. But for now, we will have to learn more on how we can use to attack. What I'll do is I will hop onto our ID Hill. I'll also show you if I can. Settings in settings are not middleware tag. You will have this CSRF middleware. Django has already taken care of this particular type of attack. And it expects you use a particular tag if you are using post requests, what I do is I go to form dot HTML hill under the form tag, I'll have to write some ginger code. Okay. I'll say same page and I'll say CSRF. Just delete this so we have configured the autocomplete plugin, so I'll just say CSRF and I'll just press enter. So it just comes at. You don't need to type in Indian dev team. If you have forgotten the Django template package in Adam, if you haven't, you can type this by yourself. So we have entered the tag. This tag would make sure that the set our goals of it. I'll just hit Save and we'll come over you and just refresh this page. And I'll type in best. Submit. We have one more, I don't know. We are trying to fetch username. Alright, I got this error. So you're in this particular line in the view. We're trying to get this particular name with the get DAG. We need to change it to post school. Were you in views.py? Here we are using this, get tagged to change this to host. We'll now we have switched to boast. Press back, refresh, learned to John, submit. And you can see Viacom john coming over you. And also you will observe that the URL is clean now you don't see any pedometers being passed in the US. It if you go to Google, what do we use? Search is being passed into pedometer. You, you can see Q is equal to CSR. If my query is equal to CSR. And that's because whenever you are searching is not as sensitive information, right? So we will find with your search queries being Boston as a GET request. But we know how we can maybe get request. We also need to know how we can use bolster requests because whatever we are building applications that might be more use of passwords. So that's where this comes in. That's about this class guys. I hope you guys have affair clarity on what is post requests and how can you make use of post requests in your project? I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 19. Installing required tools : Postgresql and Pgadmn: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to install the required tools that we are going to need who start working with the databases and models. By the end of this lecture, you would have a clear understanding of what other different tools that we'll need. How are we going to get them and how are we going to set them up on our machine? So let's get started. So the two tools that we're going to need is the postgres SQL and the PG Admin. I would request you all to head over to Google and your browser, and you need to search for calls grit as good. Impulse. Great SQL download. This is what you need to search. And you will see the false link over u, which is nothing but the download link for this particular software. So I'll hit the world this particular link and I'll open it in a new tab. You will see this particular page of being opened. Now what is postgres SQL? So let me go to the homepage and let me show you what was rescue ALS. As you can see on this particular website, always great. Sql is a powerful open source object relational database instructor. All right, so it's nothing but a database system which is open source and freely available to use. And we will be using this for our course and learning on how to work with models. You'll have to click on Download you, or you'll have to go to the download page which you found on Google. On Download page, you will see this section are your PostgresSQL download and under the CDC package and installers, wherein you would be seeing the installer icons for different operating system. So if you're on Mac OS, you can click on this one. You can go inside and you can install the interactive installer by EDB. This thing is taller, didn't need to install from here. You need to click over you and you need to get the installer. If you are on Windows. So you need to click on the Windows icon. You need to download the installer from you. If you're on Linux, you need to click on Linux and select the right operating system. For example, if you are on Ubuntu and you need to follow the steps mentioned over here. This is a process in which you can get those Postgres as good downloaded in your system. Now once you have downloaded this particular are software on your system, you will have an installer and you will have to follow some installation steps to get it setup on your machine. So let's discuss about what are the installation steps that are dead for this particular software. The screenshots that I have is for Mac. The installation steps on Windows also will be similar, like installation steps don't differ. And I've written you're on Mac because the screenshots that have taken is for Mac. So you don't need to worry if you are on Windows or Linux, the steps will almost be similar. So if you click on the installer, you will be seeing this welcome screen or you, which you need to click Next on. After you click Next, you will be seeing and you will be asked for the installation directory. So I haven't changed the installation directory. You I have kept it default and I have pressed next. After you press Next, you will be asked for what components you want to install. And you can select the components that you wish to install. All will be checked. So I didn't do any changes here. I just clicked on Next. Then it will be asking you for the directory wherein you would be storing your data. And this was the default selection there. So I didn't do any changes. You're again, so I just press Next. And then on this particular screen you will be asked for a database superuser password. You need to enter a password over you. You can enter the password of your choice, which you have to remember. This is a password that we'll be using later on. Just make sure you remember this or make a note of this password somewhere. After entering the password, Click Next. And after clicking Next, this would be the default port where the soul would run. Suppose pre-filled, I didn't do any changes here. But if you wish to learn database server on some other port, you can change the portfolio if you have something running on the sport already. So I didn't have anything on this port, so I just kept it default and I just clicked Next. Again, I click Next, it was default locally selected earlier. I didn't do any changes yet. Then it would begin the installation process and it would ask for the settings over here. So this would be the settings. And if you click Next. You will see the setup is now ready to begin installing Postgres on your computer. When you hit Next, you will see the progress bar, which will do nothing but installed this particular software on your system. You will have to wait for a while. And then you will be seeing the confirmation screen wherein you would be asked if you want to launch. So I didn't check this. I didn't want to launch tank below. It would be an additional software that would be downloaded. I just hit Finish. Once you hit Finish, what was great SQL installation. So this particular software is now up and running on your system are right now you have installed or database. So how would you go and make changes in your database? Like how would you create tables only create database. How would you view all the data you need of view using which you can view all the database tables and all the information that you have stored in the database. For that, we will be needing BG Admin. So what is BG Admin? Pg admin is nothing but it's like a view for the database. Alright, so let me show you how you can download and install BG Admin. So I'll head over to our browser again. On Google, I'll say BG admin download. And I'll hit the first link over you. And you can also go to BG admin.org. If you go over you, you will see BG Admin is the most popular and feature-rich open source administration and development platform for postgres SQL. It is nothing but an interface using which you can administer and develop things on the database. So here's what it looks like. A pretty neat interface, and it does the job really well, and it's open source. If you head over to the download page, you can click on download from here. Or you can click on the first link volume. When you dive in BG admin download only download page, you will see this particular heading or your BG Admin full. This is the latest version which is available right now. If you're watching this video later and if new version is available, don't worry, you can download the latest version. Okay. If there are any changes in the installation steps and all, I'll make sure that I update the video later on. So you can select the operating system of your choice, whichever you are on. So if I am on Mac width, I'll select macOS. And you'll see, I'll get a list of the versions that are available. So I click the latest version. I would be presented with the DMT file. So notice the DME file that I can download on the Mac with non EMG is nothing but the installation file for macOS. And I just have to download this and drag drop this onto the Applications folder. I just need to follow those steps there. On Mac. If you're on Windows, you need to select Windows over you. It will open this particular page and you need to select the latest version. Then you need to download the EXE install. Installation is pretty straightforward. You just need to follow the basic steps to install this particular software and you would be done. Now coming back to our presentation, when you launch BG Admin, after installation for the first time, you will be asked for a master password that you have to set for BG Admin. And this is something that you're supposed to remember because this is something that we'll be using every day. And just make sure you make a note of this. You can enter the password of your choice and you have to press. Okay. That was about the installation steps, but if you open the pg admin, you can see its interface like you have this database stamp wherein you can see all the databases. You have this table tag wherein you can see all the tables within that particular database. You have some good absolutely. You, which show you some database sessions, transactions, couples in, doubles out, and this is some information that you have you. Alright? We will be using this interface to walk on the database postgres SQL that we have installed previously. So that's about this class guys. I hope you guys have a fair understanding on how you can get this software setup and installed on your system. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you very soon. Thank you. 20. What is ORM: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about watering. Now, what is the water? By the end of this lecture, we are going to have a complete gravity on this concept of water. Why is it used? And what are the benefits of using this? So let's get started. So what I'm stands for object relational mapper. Now, every application that you are building has entities, and these entities are represented in the form of classes in your application. Like for example, employee would be a real-world entity if you're building an application that is catering to employ of a certain application. Now, employee would also have some attributes like this. So you would have item boots like employee ID, employee name and so on. You might want to represent this information in the database so that it can persist. You have a class, it represents that entity in real world. And you are going to have a table which would represent this entity in the database. Every class would have attribute which would represent real-world attributes like employee ID, employee name, and so on. You might want to represent this information in the database. And this is represented in the form of columns in the table that responding to that particular entity. Let me explain this to you. You have this employee class and then you can create multiple objects of this particular employee class. For example, you can create employee one with the employee ID, employee name and employee city, and it stores the information of this particular employee. Then you have the employee to employee three. Now you have different objects with different values to these attributes. Now you might want to store all these employee information into the database. What are you going to do is this is how it's represented in the database. You have an employee table in the database which represents this glass. All the attributes of this particular class go in as d column names. And all the values that you have assigned two different objects going as rules. You have employee one object as one row in the database. You can see Employee ID of John, an employee city and employee name of this particular employer. And an employee T2 goes in as a rule, you employed three, goes in as a row or a record you can see over here. So classes are mapped to tables, and objects are mapped to records, and attributes are mapped to columns. This is how the mapping of glasses to database volts. Now, how do you manage this in your application? So one way is you create a class and the developer will make sure that he creates the corresponding tables corresponding to this particular class. And he also manages all the data that is inserted and deleted. So if this particular object is deleted, the programmer has to make sure it deletes the corresponding record as well. This is being managed manually. This is one way. Now in this manual approach, you have to write a lot of queries and sometimes it can lead to errors. And this is where one m comes into picture. So the concept of ORM sees, whenever there is a class, that class is can be automatically converted to a table along with it attribute being converted to columns. Now the developer does not have to write queries for TB creation, and it's created automatically. Whenever an object is created, it's data can be saved in the database as a row in the table. This is automatically handled by the water. This thing of converting the entire class to a table is entirely managed by water. One M as a concept makes developer's life very, very easy and lets the developer focus on the application logic rather than focusing on the SQL queries. It also minimizes the mistakes since developers are not writing queries on their own. So lots of mistakes which usually developers might make are reduced. One thing I would like to mention is this concept of what m is not specific to Django, but this concept is also applicable to other object-oriented programming languages like Java. It's also being used there. So this is about one m and how it helps developers and how it simplifies your process. Let summarize. In this lecture, we understood what is water and how water works. We also understood what are the benefits that what m gives us. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 21. What are models and doing database configu: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about what our models, and we would be doing some database configurations. So by the end of this lecture, you will have a clear understanding of what our models and we would be creating a new app and we will be setting up that app to work with our database. So let's get started. What is a mortal? Some modelling Django is nothing but a glass which can be saved into the database. So every mortar represent the table in the database with its properties being converted to columns. Like we discussed. We have an employee class. This employee class is nothing but a real-world entity and create different objects of this entity. So we have employee one, employer and employee three. A video object has different values for the attributes. So you can see different values over you. Eventually the goal would be to save this information in the database. So we can see all of this information in the database. What happens actually is the glass is converted into table. The objects are converted into records and the attributes are converted into columns. And a model is a class that can be saved into the database. So since we want to save this entire class into the DDB structure, that is what a model is employed. Glass is a model year in our example, and it is getting mapped as a table. And all the parameters are all the properties, I'm sorry, is being converted into columns. So let's hop onto our Django project and let's configure an app, work with the database. What we're going to do is we're going to switch over to Adam. I'm going to open the terminal or you. So in order to open a terminal, you need to click on the plus icon. You knew dominant. What if you have the dominant open, you can use that. But I had closed the incidence of atom you. So I'll open the dominant. To start with, I'll first create a new map. So we will be doing all these configurations in the new app that we created. And I run this command to create a new app by 103 Manage PY. And I'll say start app, alcohol the app as second nap. And I'll press Enter. Now the moment I press enter, you will see that we have this second app created over you. Now, we need to configure this particular app to work with the database. But before that, we will need to create a database first. What do we are going to do is we are going to head toward to a PG Admin and we're going to create a new database. So we're going to see, we're going to say new table. Sorry, not new table, but we have on default database available you. We will click on this database thing. Where were you? And I will say create database. I'll call this database as second app. We need to specify the database anemia. Alright, I'll hit Save. Now the moment you hit Save, you will see this information being populated. You can collapse this and you have some default list of tables here under schema. Alright, so you don't have any tables created. New database won't have anything. It's an empty database that is being created. So now what do we have we're gonna do is we're going to head over to Adam. We are going to collapse everything. I'll just collapse everything. I'll just close everything. And I'll just open the second app over you within seconds. Not the second app, but I'll open the mean project FOR loop. Okay, So this is the main project folder, Django course. And I'll open settings.py. Will you? Alright, now we need to configure the database you, if you scroll down, you will see we have one field called database for you. Alright? So this is a field that quantity goes to dW is for us. What we're going to do is there are some parameters that we need to change over u. So we have this database stack. We have default tag and under default tag we have engine. For now, we have the engine define that SQL like. So now what is the engine Tank? Engine tag is nothing but the engine that we are going to use to etch WASD connection between that application and the database. So as of now we are using the SQLite three engine to connect with the SQLite three database. We will have to change this to work with Paul's great SQL. So I'm just going to replace this with this particular string view. Django dot db dot backends, dot postgres, SQL. Now we have to specify the name of the database. So we are referring to the root directory of the project. Here. We are not going to use this database, so we would change this to second. Now, there are few more parameters that we need to specify in order to configure postgres SQL with Django out. So we need to specify user. And this is something that you set during the installation. So during the installation, if you remember, on one of these screens you have specified the user and the password. So I enter that user. Will you post, Chris? So my user is Postgres and next parameter. So you have to make sure that you enter a comma with you. And you have to put in the next paradigm adult as possible. The parameter which is 1234. My password when I created the database or when I installed this particular thing, postgres SQL, there was a password fee. So I had entered the password as 1234. I had kept it simple. What is your password that you've had sent during the installation? You have to make sure you mentioned that over you. I've specified the password as well. There are two more parameters, like a host. And then you have to specify another host. You need to specify where your database is existing. So sometimes database might be on different machines, and hence, this field is important to be specified. But in our case, the database is existing on the same machine as debt off ours. We are going to specify the IP address of the local host. So it's one to seven dot 00 dot dot one. If you remember, during the installation process, we had specified the pool. There was a boat that we had mentioned, so we will mention 5432. Okay. So these are the configuration parameters that we need to set up for you. And I'll save this. Okay? Does this done? So if you have configured the database, now, for database to work, we will need a database adapter. And your DAW's adapt TO that we're going to use is cycle. So what I will be doing is I will have to go to a browser and we will have to type in cycle. I think. I'll go with you. Does this cycle and these are the instructions on how you can install it. We will have to install this in the virtual machine. We have to make sure that we are not yet connected to the virtual environment. So just getting to the virtual environment. So we add in the virtual environment, no atom is for typing, terminal is not there in the virtual environment. So we need to go into the virtual environment and we need to activate it. I'll just go one step behind. And I'll activate the virtual environment. Do activity with children moment on Mac. I'm going to type in the command as source and children Waterman name is Django course when we bin slash activate. Alright, so I'm chilling Waterman now and I'll head over to Django course. Now I'm going to install cycle. So I didn't copy the command U and I'm going to paste the command you. All right. So cycle will take or YE to get installed on your machine, will read until the installation is complete. I see some error where you cycle when solution did not work for me. So I tried installing a couple login, but then I got an error that was not installed. I executed this command. You can see the command on my dominant executed this command pip install really started installing this. So this is one of the dependencies that psychopathy might need and you might get an error that the cycle is not able to install because it cannot find. So just install this. But even after installing this cycle did not work for me. It might work for you, but it did not work for me. What I did is I went to the documentation, you know, instead of installing cycle, I installed cycle binary. So this is one motor or dependency provided by this particular package. And you're going to install this if you're not able to install cycle, I installed binary and as you can see on my system, it has successfully, you can see it is successfully installed cycle binary. We are done with the database adapter installation. Now, That's about the configuration part. So we did a couple of things. You understood what is model. And we also configured the database and we also created a second app in our project. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 22. Create models and run migrations: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture, we are going to start creating our models. And we are also going to check if our configuration has been done properly with respect to the database configurations that we have done. And we're going to do something called as migrations. So let's get started. First, we will check if T configuration that we have done is set up correctly. So to check that we will be running our Sobel. My soul, I mean the biotin Django server. If the server run successfully, then like the configuration has been done properly and V are able to connect to the database. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to run the command to run. So I'm going to say by 103, managed BY and run Silva Center, I get an error. So the error says second app is not defined. So we didn't want mistake. We haven't specified the single quotes over here. So I'll specify that hit Save. Then I'll run this over again. You can see y is up and running now and the database connection has been successfully done. Now, the next step is to start creating models. So what we're going to do is we are going to create or employing more than, which will have three attributes. Firstname, LastName, and each. And then we will be converting this employee module into a table. And the corresponding properties of the employee class will be converted into columns. So we're going to do that entire process, and we will be doing this entire process with the help of migrations. Now, the first step is we need to create the models. What we are going to do is VR going to go to second app and we're going to go to models.py. We are going to create a class employee. I'm going to say glass employee. I need to specify models, dot model. We have done this and in order to create a model and make sure that the glass is saved as a table. We need to add this as the parameter model, Stuart model. But you will get an error if I hit Save. Okay, so we're not getting any editor because this is already imported. So I wanted to say that we need to import this. What this is already important. What are we going to do is we are now going to start defining the fields. Fields you're going to have is FirstName, LastName, and each. But before defining field, I wanted to take a moment to talk about something called as Django model fits. So we know that every attribute in the class is supposed to be converted into column, but every column in the database hazard tight. What should be the type of FirstName if you are creating? So that is something defined by Django model fields. So I'll just take a pause and I'll just go to Google OU. And I'll just say jangle model fields. And I'll just click the first link that comes off the official documentation. This is nothing but the list of or Django model field is something that you'll find here. So you can see three types. You have auto field. This field is something, it's an integer field that automatically increments according to the IDs. Then you have big autofill, bigger digital field, binary failure Boolean. You have Garfield. So cat is nothing but a string field. If you wanted to store or if you want to create a field which towards character strings, then you'll need to use this. There are different views that are available in this official documentation. You can go through this so you have various abilities like float feed, image also you can see it in the DDB. You have indeed your field JSON feed a lot of fields, your time field, you can see if time you want to do as well. Decimals as well, datetime as well, email as well, and file as well. So lots of stuff here. You can go and explore it. We would be using two types. One is the character field. This would be for the first name and last name. So we'll be using this character field. Then we would be using something called as integer freedom. Indeed, you're familiar. This is something that we'll be using for each, we will be creating FirstName, LastName, and each for the employee. So we'll head over to the ID at home. What were you? And I'll say first underscore name is equal to models dot Garfield. And I'll have to also specify w. So I can say max underscore length. So this is nothing but the pedometer that I'm specifying using which the restriction, so it'd be applicable to this particular column that is created in the database. If you go look at a field, you will see you can specify the maxilla and this is required. This is a mandatory field. This specifies the maximum length of the characters in the field. Maxlength is enforced at the database level and in Django is validation. What do you specify what the value will also be taken at the database level? And the columns that are created will be created with this restriction, we have created this. I will duplicate this and also create lastname. Okay? And then I let go and create each is equal to models. Integer field. This is done. I've created the model. We have three fields, firstName, lastName, and h. I'll just show you about the digital field. So this is the description of integer field. There is no compensating parameter that you have to specify. All right, so I'll just close this search bar and we'll head over to the IT. So we have something called as mortals configured. Now if you remember, we created the app and we haven't added this app into our settings anymore. We could hear it an app. We need to add this app into settings. So I'll see second app, are you alright, I'll hit Save. Say second app is non-defined, reported in single quotes, alert, save and run. The solver. Can see the silver is up and running. This is done. We have created the models and we're able to define the fields within the model that we want to be mapped to the database. Now the next step is to get these changes done in the database. So if you take a look at the database IO, there is nothing new, nothing created. You have the Security tab which you can use if you wish to or I won't be using, but you don't have any D, but you can use video. What do we need to do is we need to propagate these changes in our app onto the database. And how do we do this? So a way to do this is with the help of something called Les migrations. What am I conditions? So migrations in Django, nothing but Django is way off propagating changes did you do to your model into your database schema? And these are automatic so you don't have to do any manual ETO, but you have to make the migrations manually and you have to run them. They might be some problems at times that you might run into when those are very rare. So whatever you do is I will switch over to our domino now. I'm on the terminal, you and I am right now in the virtual environment as well. Whatever to do with you is I will create the migration. In order to create the migration, I will type in the command. Command is by 103, managed BY make migrations. And I will address, and the moment you press Enter, you will see something like this. Like the migration is created under this folder. Second app, migration slash 001. And you shouldn't be by, you will see a message on what the changes will. The change was to create model employee. Let me take you to this folder, your migrations. And you can see zeros and a one and you shouldn't be y. So this is a forced migration that we have created. This is automatically generated. You can see the date and timestamp. You can see this is all auto-generated code. And you can see this is what would happen if you run the migration. So a model will be created in the database with the name employee and with these economic dose. So there is a default field that is added called ID. It is a big auto field and it's set to auto-increment, I believe, yes. Auto created through primary keep Drew and bullets named lastname, age with our restrictions, you can see now we have made the migrations. If you can see the migration from here, or you can also see them aggregation using the command. So you can see by 103, you can see manage dot p-y, SQL migrate. Second app. This is a command python3 managed BY SQL migrate. You have to specify the app name space, triple 01. Triple 01 because that's the initial of the Migration Center. You can see this is our migration and this is the query that will be executed once we run this migration. If you wanted to see the query part of the migration, you can run this command and see you do yourself. All right, You can take this gradient also executed yourselves, but we don't want to do that if you wanted to go in the automated way. Now, we are done with viewing the migration. Alright, now we need to run the migration. So how we will run it as Python three, manage BY, will say My great presenter. You can see there was a set of operations that happen. So I'll just explain this a bit. You can have a bit of visibility so you could see applying all my conditions. So there was some default labels that are created. Our domain OT content type, second lab sessions, etc. And you can see everything was okay. They wouldn't let us. Now, we'll head over to the database. Refresh or William. The moment due to refresh, you will see all the tables coming out the way you. So you can see that has some default tables like OTG group, permissions or destabilize tools to user information. You can see this is the table that got created. It's the employee table and human notice that it is prepended with the app name. So second nap underscore employee, the model that you had created what's called employ more than two table is app name underscore employee. Okay. So you can click on this right-click and you can go to View 1 second. You can view the data. See you all to do w. So the w will be empty. But you can see the fields over your ID. It's the big indigent. Then we have firstName. And you can see a 100 is the limit, last name, a 100 is the limit, and each is indeed you. So let's call our characters. This one is, we can teach it. You can see how our class got mapped into a corresponding table, you into the abyss. And everything was automated except the fact that you had to run one command to create the migration. And you had to run another command to migrate those migrations into the 3D bees. So it's a pretty automated process. It's just that developers has to take charge on when during the migration and went to make the migrations. So it's up to the developers, but it's an automated process. You don't have to deal with SQL queries. That's about this class guys. So in this lecture, we completed a lot of things. So we first discussed about how can we create models. We created the models, we understood the model fields, then we even started the server and check whether our database configuration was correct. We found some issues there, we dissolve them. Then we actually created a model and we learned what our migrations and we actually migrated our models on to the database. Lot of learning. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you very soon. Thank you. 23. Django admin interface: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about Django admin interface. And by the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete understanding of what is Django admin interface. How can you enable Django admin interface in your project? How can you access it? And we also going to understand what is the role of Django admin interface in our project. Let's get started. So as of now we have our model created. We have the model also mapped onto the database, but its attributes converted into columns. Now, the next step would be to populate data into this particular tables in the database. How do we do that? There are two ways of populating data into the table that we have just created. One way that you can run SQL queries to enter data. So this is a slightly trickier approach, but this is doable. You can do. You can run SQL queries. You can run SQL queries from the BG admin. You can click on the SQL tab and you can do that. However, there is a better approach when you are ready Django. Django provides an admin interface which you can use to manage data. How do you use an excess the admin interface? So let's explore that. So you have to make sure first that your server is up and running. So I have my server up and running. And we'll go to the browser. Now in order to access the admin interface, I have to type in the local host, IP 12700. So this is the local host and this is where my Django is running on a thousand port. And I need to put in slash admin. If you want to check the URL on your machine, usually this is the URL, but when you start the development server, you will have this URL being printed on the console. So you can just copy this, paste it, and append this with admin. The moment you do that and hit Enter, you will see this page loading up. This page is nothing but the Django admin page. And you have a formula which asks for username and password. Now, what is the username and password that we're supposed to enter over here. In order to enter the username and password audio, we need to create a superuser for us. How do we create a superuser now? We need to head over to our terminal. So I have a second instance abdominal running over here. And this instance has already been logged in into virtual environment. Alright? And now I'm going to create a superuser. In order to create a superuser, I'll type in the command python three, manage BY create, super useful. And I'll press enter. We got an error because we're not in the project directory. So if I type in the directory, we are not in the project directory. I have to go to the project directory, which is nothing but the Django course. So I have to first navigate that. And then I have to run this particular command, python three managed BY create superuser. I run this command. And now it's asking me, what's the username that I want to create the user with? Leave blank to use vessel. So this is my system username. So it's just picking that if you want to use the same user as that of system, you can leave this blank. I'll just type in admin here. It's asking for email address. I'll just press Enter. And it's asking for passwords. So Atlanta some password. I'll enter the password again and press Enter. The password I have Antonio is very simple and easy to hack, so the password is too short. It's 1234. It does not contain at least eight characters. The password is too common and the password is entirely numeric. So Django has a speech or venues prompts you like if your password is weak. But this is just a sample project that I'm creating. This is not a production ready app. There is an option here. It is asking me, Do you want to bypass the validation and create the user interface? So I'll say Yes, I want to do that. You can see the message will you superuser has been created successfully. Okay, so I see this message being printed WO, which means that my super user is created. Now as a next step, I will head over to the Django admin tool. And I'll say facile with you and as a 1234. And I'll hit login. Sorry. So we didn't use vessel, we use admin actually, and we use 1234 login. The moment do login, you will see this homepage, which is nothing but the homepage of Django administration. And you can see OVO, you have authentication and authorization. So you have two fields, groups. And uses, if you click on users, you can create user 0. So we have one user already, which we just created from the command line. If you click on this, this is a superuser. You have the password encrypted. You you can't see the password. You can modify the profile ear. You're going to add a FirstName, lastname, email address. You can scroll down and you can see which groups is to use a part of. Or if you wanted to add this user to a group, you can do that from you. But right now we don't have any groups added, so we're not seeing that information you, but if you have any groups information available, this is where you can manage it. Then you scroll down, you have different permissions that you can assign to the user. All right, So you can manage all the permissions here. In order to assign permission you need to select and just click on this app. You will see that flowing over you like this. If you want to remove a permission, you need to just click here. You have this last login information you and D joined inflammation as well. This is nothing but about the user. How can you manage users? Or you can go ahead and create multiple users. You can add users from you. More users will be created. You will be presented with this form, OK, and you can keep on adding uses. This you have to do if you have multiple users using a system. Then we have the concept of groups. When you can create groups for your users. As you can see, this is pretty helpful. It helps you do all the admin related tasks corresponding to your app. Alright? But one thing you will say, Ask me that he, in the beginning you mentioned that you can use admin panel to add data into tables that you have created. So ideally, I don't see any information around employee, Are you? Alright? I can see users or these users are being saved in the database. If you wanted to see where this uses are being saved. You again go to multi-user. Select this and you can see all rows. You can see one administrator, we're essentially whatever you create from command line is being created in the database. We don't see employee you. So how do we bring employee you and start adding all the employees. In order to do that, you will have to do some configuration changes in your application and in the code for that. And we are going to head over to item. We're going to open second app and we're going to open models, sorry, not models, admin. We have this file at main.py. This file contains all the information of the logistic models. So whenever you want to add a model onto the admin interface, you have to register it over you. Whichever models you are registering, you are reflected on the Django admin tool. In order to register with you, we need to type in admin dot site register. You need to pass in the model name also, this model we haven't imported yet, so we will have to import it. Say from DOT models, import Of see employee. Let's save. I'll just switch to another terminal and you can see is still up and running the no issue whatsoever. Alright, now I'll head over to the Django admin tool and I'll just refresh this. The moment due to fresh, you will see a new entry appearing over you called second app. So this is our app name, second app. You can see below the second app we have employs model being distributed. You can click on this employees. And if you go to the database, if you see the employee table, you are right. So there is no data literally as of now. But we can start adding data by clicking on Add W. I'll add, I'll see employee one. Sorry, firstName. First one. I'll save the last one. I'll say 28. And I'll save the. When we do Save, you can see this employ your object is saved. You can click and you can see the information on what you have saved. And you also have the ability to edit and update and delete. We have saved this now, head over to the database and we will do a refresh, refreshed. Then we click on you can see this record is being in total. You, wherever you are adding from the admin panel is being added into the database. And entering data is so easy in Django. So if you didn't have this tool, you would have to write manually scale queries. So you are getting the significance of this particular tool. The importance of the stool. It makes the developer's life very, very easy. We literally didn't do much of coding you. For this particular tool. To get enabled, it will just in-built. We did some configuration changes, urine dip of a couple of lines of code, and we have it up and running. Now if you want to edit, you have to just click on employees. You have to select the employee object. And you can edit 11. I'll save. And then I'll just refresh. Refresh. You'll see first 11. So that is how you again a bit and you can even delete this by clicking over you and hitting the Delete button. So this is how you can work with the Django admin panel to add multiple records into the models that you have mapped onto the tables. So that's about this class guys, in this lecture, we understood what is Django admin interface and what is the importance of Django admin interface? We configured Django admin interface in our project and we saw running up in life. We also entered the data from the Django admin panel and we saw it being entered and reflected into our database. So I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 24. Fetching data from database and showing to: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to start fetching the data that we've saved from the database. And we will be displaying this onto our application interface. In short, we are going to start fetching the data from the database and use it in our application. By the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete clarity on this entire process. And this lecture is going to be fun. We are going to learn a lot. Let's get started. What do we are going to do essentially is we are going to create a URL endpoint. And we're going to access that you wanted from the browser. And that particular URL is going to list all the employees from the database, but all the information it is just going to show us. This will help us understand how you can interact with the database and how you can fetch the data that is already stored in the database and use it in your application. So let's get started. So what we're going to do is we are going to create a URL. So let me head over to the browser first. We are going to create a URL called employees. I have already this. So we're going to create this particular URL. And when you hit this URL in the browser, you should be able to see the list of all the employees that have been saved in the database. And you can see we are getting four, not four as often now because we haven't done anything yet, we haven't configured. So let's start the configuration step-by-step. The first step is to define this particular URL into our project. What we're going to do is we're going to head over to our app. All right, heel, we will have to create or URLs dot p-y, which will have the list of all the URLs for our app. What I'm going to do is I'm going to open the first step. You want to start BY. I'm just going to copy this code. Close. It doesn't just to save some typing your foot and I can click on new file. I'll say you want a dot, sorry, u dot v y. I'll hit Enter. I'll paste this code. Remove this last URL or you. Now I'll define the URL or you're going to create is employees. Alright? This particular, you want to map two views dot employees. And this particular you want to list called employees. We are just keeping employees, employees everywhere, keeping it simple. And I hit Save. The moment I hit Save, nothing happens because I don't see any ping on the console. That's because this particular URL, it is not added to the main app. And in order to add to the main app, we need to click over u. We need to include the second app, your as well, like we have done for the first time. This is how the application will recognize the URLs of your application also which are defined within the application. Just replicate this, I'm sorry, I will just copy this. Replicated over u. I'll say second app. Let's see if the moment I hit Save, you will see some error. You're on console if you're always running, I'll just expand this a bit. This is known. It says second app.vue has no attribute employees. The reason we are getting this error is because we have written views dot employees OU. And that is no view defined as such here in this particular view sort Dui, I'll say def, define the employees function. Okay? You're sued by default, accept requests and hit Save. And now we're going to start writing code, which we get all the information from the database. So what do we need to do is when the user hits this particular you audit employees, we are calling this particular view. This particular view would be responsibility for fetching all the employee details from the database and pass it on to D template. Alright, so let's first fetch the employee information from the database. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to say employees is equal to, I'm going to see employee objects. That's it. So this is just the one line that you need to mention in order to tell Django to fetch all the employees from the database that have been saved. But I wanted to use this. If you save the file, you will not get an error. So we haven't imported, but that's fine since we're not getting an error, we are not importing it. And I'll be opening this views.py well before step. Here, you can see we have done a rendering of the template and we have imported HTTP response. I'm just going to go to the views.py of the second appeal. And I'm going to render and pass this information to the template. I'm going to see a random sorry, you're done. Randall. I'm going to see a request is default object here. Then I'm going to see Employees dot HTML. And I'm going to pass this pedometer TO YOU. Employees, Colin, employees. And let's see if we have successfully passed the employee information that will be fetched from the database onto this particular template. The problem is this particular template does not exist yet. So we haven't defined as blood yet. If you try to access this, let me refresh. Okay, so first strategy we are getting is employees nor defined. Okay, so like I said, we need to import employer. We'll we were not getting any error over here, but when we tried accessing that you wanted to regarding data, I'll say from DOT models import employee alerts, save, refresh does not exist. So we need to create this particular template here. I will handover to the templates folder. I'll right-click and say new file dot HTML. We have this template now. Now this particular template has this particular object. We're passing this particular object here. This particular template has access to that particular object. I did a mistake. I love to rename this particular file. Extinction is not write HTML. This particular template has access to the employees object. What I'm going to do is I'm going to write in some ginger Kotler William. I'm going to create a for loop here. Now in ginger code, you can write a for-loop, you can write an if statement. So I'll just give you a demo for loop on how you can write, like I'll say for employee. Employees. So this is the code that I'm writing. I'll see paragraph here also be deck. I'll just close this. I need to say employee dot first name. This is a property that we are trying to access. I'll just duplicate this three times because there are three properties for every employee. So I'll say firstName, lastname, and then each. Then I'll have to use t for loop. I see. Four. We need to close the loop manually you I'll hit Save. All right, so what we have done is ve got this employee object from the view and V, it reading through this employee object and printing all the information onto BY UI. And we have done this using the for-loop, a simple for loop. Alright, head over to our browser and I'll just hit refresh. You can see we have the employee information coming onto D interface and this is the employee that is being fetched from the database. This is very realtime, like if you do any changes into the employee table, those changes are reflected a wiggle. Let me give you an example. So if I go to this Django admin panel, if I add one more employee, so I'll say first Two, Last two each, I'll say 22. I'll save. We have to employ your objects now and I'll just hit refresh here. You can see this new employees also added. If I make any changes to the existing employee. So I might change this name to do to alert save. And I'll hit refresh. You can see photos to do. What do we have done is we have almost created a dynamic webpage which does not have a lot of HTML right now. All right, you can write a lot of HTML or CSS. You can style it, but it's dynamic. So all the information is, whatever it's displaying is coming on from the database. And we have done this with the help of triangle. This is how you cannot fetch and save and retrieve the information from the database. And this is completely real-time like we saw. It's reflecting all the obliques. It will reflect all the deletes as well. That's about this class guys. In this lecture, we learned a lot. We learned on how we can make of beach dynamic with the help of Django. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 25. Django Model forms: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about Django model forms. By the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete understanding of this concept. And we will also be understanding how can you configure your own model forms in your Django application? Let's get started. What are Django model forms? Django model is a special class that allows developers to convert them models into a phone. This saves developers from writing code to create their own forms and reduce the application development time. So right now what we have been doing is we have been entering the data from the Django admin interface and we have been doing this via a form, let's say. Alright, so this is the Django admin interface and we have been doing it via this form. Now, what you might want to do, like you might want to allow users to create or add their own employees. You might want to give users access to this form without giving them access to the Django admin interface, you want to have this form into your application. How do you do that? So in order to do that, you have for Django model class which you can use and you can create amazing forms. So let's see this in action. So what we are going to do is we are going to create a form forward or entering the employee information. And we are going to allow the employee add that particular information. We are going to have a new URL nucleated. And this URL will be create an employee. We're going to go to this particular URL create employee. And as of now we are getting full North Pole, but went to your inter period employee, you will see a formal you. All right. We will be first starting the configuration part. And for the configuration part we will be starting with the file called forms dot p-y. We don't have formed at BYU idiot. Okay, so we'll create a new file form dot PY and C form dot v by address. And we have this form created. Now, we will start defining our form and which fields do we want to use from the model? And we want to convert them into the form. So we'll start with, we're going to define a class. We are going to see employee form. And we'll see forms dot model form. Palms is nothing but a glass that is available in Django. So I'm going to say from Django import forms, we have this form glass imported into our application. Now what I'm going to do, I'm going to write some code. I'm going to say glass, metal. So this is another glass that I'm creating and I'll see Model is equal to employee. Since I'm using employee, I'll also have to import employee. So I love to see from DOT models import employee. Let's save and heel are also specify a parameter. So I'll say Fields is equal to, say all. This means that I want all my fields that are defined in the model employee. Do we convert it into a form? Alright, and I'm taking the help of this particular class called modal form. Within Forms. Forms is nothing but a package. I'm sorry, I said this is a class earlier. Forms is a package under which we have modeled form as the glass. This is about D forms dot p-y. Now, what do we are going to do is we are going to head over to our view and the view we would be. So here we have a BYU. Alright, whereas w dot p-y, this is W dot p-y. We will be defining the view called create employee. And I'm going to pass in the request object here. I also need to map the water use. I'll go to you wanted to start BY I'll just duplicate this line. I'll add a coma you first. I'll paste, I'll see create employee. I'll say views dot create employee. And I'll name the view as create employed self. This is done. Now heal and abuse dot p-y. This view is being mapped to that particular you want to know where you're going to see employee form. Is equal to employee form. I will just create the instance of this particular glass that we have created. After I've done this, I also need to add the import statements. I'll see from dot forms in both employee form. This is done. We are getting an error no module named second app dot forms. So we have created, formed or BY. So I'll just remove this and Alex, if the error goes up, it will give you a good thing. And error invalid syntax informed stored BY. So I'll just go to Formulas and we don't have a colon define them. So I'll just hit Save. The old errors GloVe. Does no. Okay, now what I need to do is I've created an instance of this particular formula. You now I need to pass this instance onto my HTML. So I'll just copy this line over here, that underline. And it will save a bit on the typing effort. And I'll create, sorry, create employees employed or the HTML. Employ form. And you, I'll say employee form. All right, so we're passing this. Now we need to create this particular HTML file. The new file. We have created this HTML. Now, we are getting that though, employ form object that is being passed from the view. Now we need to get that object and we need to use that formal wheel. How are we going to do that? We're going to first create the form object of the HTML. I don't need glass and action, are you? So I'll just remove this methodology to post. Now. Here, I'm going to use that particular form and I'll just specify that form like this in ginger code. And I'll add a button. Modern type submit. In the back. I'll have the copy as seeth. Now whenever you are using a post requests, you need to use the CSRF token. Percentage. I need to use CSRF token. Oh sorry. It is an autocomplete. I keep forgetting. I said CSRF. Alright, this is done. We have our form ready. Now let's see this in action. I'll just hit Refresh over here. The moment you hit refresh, you're getting an error. Employee. Let's see what data are done. Let me refresh. Got the issue. The issue was I did not save. You wanted to start BY so when I hit save and then refresh, it will. So you can see the form. This is a form that is created like we didn't do any like much of coding to create this form, we just converted a model. And that model is automatically converted into this particular form. Like, I know, like it's not looking that great because we haven't added CSS and editing as of now. Like barely any HTML be overwritten. But you get the idea if you write CSS and if you beautify it, like you can make world-class applications. We have created the form. But if you try to enter any information, Are you okay? If I tried to enter in information and if I died with it, save, it won't save the employee in the database yet. So if I try to refresh this, you can see that employee information is not coming in the database. And we have just configured the form to display the UI. We haven't configured it to save the information. I'll just pause the lecture here right now because this will be becoming fairly long lecture. In this lecture, we understood how can you use Django model forms in your project. We understood this concept of Django model poems, how it, why it exists, and how it makes the life of developers very, very easy. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this last valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 26. Saving data from ModelForm: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to start saving the data that we have entered in our model form that we have created. By the end of this lecture, you will have a complete understanding of this entire process and you will be able to implement this in your project. So let's get started. So we have our Django model formed ready, you're up and running and on the browser. So right now, we are not able to save any information from you. To save the information we need to make certain changes. So here, the forms dot method, we need to map this form onto view. I'm going to say action, and we need to add the action tag. The view we are going to map it to is create employees. Create hyphen, create employee. This is the view we are mapping it to. This view is the same view that we have used for showing the form. All right, now what? We're going to make some changes, like we're going to add an if condition. So we are going to see if request dot method equal to host. This is post, then then we need the entire phone. What we're doing is we're checking what is the request type. The request type is not post, then this form is being called to get rendered. But if the request type is post, so for example, if we are entering the information and saving, then the request type is post, which means that we need to now see if the information, in that case VIA checking. And we'll write some code or where you will get the formal way you form is equal to employ form. And I'll say request dot boost. And then I'll check if the form is valid. I'll say form dot is valid. This is nothing but to check for validation error. So all the validation errors are also managed by Django. If we have a valid form entries, what we're going to do is we are going to hit form dot safe. All right, so after we have saved, we need to redirect. Okay, So I'm going to redirect the user. This is the function that we are going to use it. So redirect function, using which we can redirect the user after a particular action is done. I'm going to use this function and I'll be redirecting this to, let's say after we have saved the employee, we want to redirect the user to the list page listing all the employees so that you can see the updated list. We are predicting there. And then I'll add the else condition. Like this here. If the request method is post, then we're saving the information. If it's not, then we're just rendering the form. Alright. I'll hit Save. Hopefully I won't get any errors. I don't let me refresh and see check for errors. I got an error where you this method is written in caps probably that's the issue. Change this to short form. I'll save, refresh. You get another error saying redirect is not defined, so I need to import redirect from Django shortcuts. Just start the input statement. I'll refresh again. You a urinal. I need to go to Create employee. So we add on Create employee. We are going to create the employee using Django form. We're going to see first meme 11111. All right. I'll say last name 11111 and I'm going to say 33. And I'll hit Save. It's throwing an error. It's saying create employee not found. I got the issue. Basically the issue was we're not supposed to mention the name of the view you. We did a mistake. Instead we need to specify the name of the URL. So the URL is create employee, correct? No problem. I'll just refresh this. Refresh I'll say first name, last name 111. And I'll say Grady do. And I'll hit Save. And you can see this particular information is being reflected, NVivo also being redirected to the list page. What exactly happened is when we first tried accessing the beat, it checked whether the request type is post. It was not. It went to the else part and it rendered deform. This is a code which was already working earlier. Then, once we hit save, it again called this particular URL. And it again went to this particular same view. But this time the request method most post. Since the request method was supposed to regard the form object, we checked if the form is valid and we hit form sieve. And then after saving, we redirected the user to employ speech. We are seeing the uploaded list of employees. This is how you can save data onto the model form. You can also see that the saved data is being reflected in the database as well. So you can see over you seen this information in the database as well. So that's about this class guys. So in this lecture we understood how can you save data from the model form onto the database. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 27. Form validation: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture I'm going to talk about the form validation part in Django. So by the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete clarity on what is form validation and how can we use it in our project. So let's get started. We have already done form validation in our project. And if you observe our code over u, so I'll just tell it to our IDE. And you will notice that video in views.py, we have used these two lines of code. We're checking if form is valid and then we are saving the form. So what does this mean? Django has some inbuilt default validation, which is picked up from the models you define. When we created our models, were you in models.py we have defined some restrictions over you, like the maximum length can be a 100. And we need to have all the fears as well. Let you cannot store empty values of these restrictions are by default added onto more than form. Let me show this to you. I have my elbow up and running or were you and I have also loaded this particular page, create employee. So if I enter a random string of you, you'll see that I can't go, alright, current type. Beyond this. Now I'll copy the string. I'll paste it over you. You will see the string has a 100 characters. This is the tool that I'm using, word counter dotnet to count the characters and words in a given string. You can see the string has a 100 characters. If you try to type in beyond 100 characters, you won't be able to. Which means that this particular field has a restriction of a 100 characters as a limit, which is nothing but the restriction that we have specified in our model. Now, one important thing also to note is the HTML part has no restrictions defined. We have just used the form as it is. So this is something that you should know. Now if I try to save the employee, I'll get an error that this field is not yet failed. So we need to enter the value euros will. And if I tried to save, it will tell me This is not fair. That isn't in milk validation that is already presented to you. It does check whether the user is entering the valid values are not. We are verifying this with the help of this particular methods over u is valid and save. That's about the form validation in Django. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this last valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 28. Templates and variables: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about Django template language. And within that we are going to talk about templates and variables. So by the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete clarity on these two concepts of bleeds and variables in Django template language. Let us get started. We will first start by talking about what our templates. To know more about them. We will head over to the template FOR loop and we will open this file. False dot HTML. Template is nothing but an HTML file which can render dynamic information. So this find that we have is an HTML file. You can see HTML code written here, and the extension is also HTML inside HTML5. But this particular file can render dynamic information like name. And hence, this is nothing but a template as well. So a template is nothing but an HTML5 which can render dynamic information. This dynamic information can come from various sources, like database or different forms in the same app as well. You can see this name variable is displaying a dynamic information. So this is about templates, right? And templates, it's something that we have created quite a few times in this course. Now, what are variables? So our template can render variable values. We can pause these variables from our view to the templates. And these values can be rendered by the variables. So let me explain this to you so you can see this name is available and we're getting this name from our view. If I open the view under full step, so let me open the file. You, you can see two false dot HTML. We're passing this name variable with the value by ten. And this value is being printed. Name is nothing but a variable or a placeholder which gets replaced during runtime with the actual value of that particular variable. Now, variables are always written between double curly braces. So you can see we didn't name between WHO Liberty says, this is how you write and use variables. So that's what a template and variables are. I hope you guys now have a fair clarity on these two concepts. That's about this class guys. In this lecture, we learned what our templates and variables. So I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found it valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 29. Working with Tags: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about how can you work with bags in Django and know how tags are apart of Django template language help you do a lot of things. By the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete clarity on or tags and how can you use them? Let's get started. What are tags in DDL? A tag is nothing but be soft code which is written something like this. So you have a curly brace, percentage, the name of the tag percentage and ago eukaryotes. So you would have a tag name, you're in the same dorm. In bleeds, there are a number of tags that are used and give you an example of tags. We have if-else statements, we have tanks for, for loops. We have tags for include and block content. You can write the if is to validate a condition. You can write for loops to run loops, and you can have tags for inheritance to tax for inheritance and nothing but including block-oriented. If I take you to our Django editor atom, if I open the first dot HTML view, you will notice that you have used this tag, which is nothing but CSRF token. So this is nothing but note bag that is available. Now, one thing I would like to highlight for you is there is a difference between a tag and vw. You can write dynamic variable using two curly braces. Tags are surrounded by these percentage and going places and tanks are used to define the logic in the templates. So that's about tanks guys. So I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 30. If else statements: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about if statement in Django template language. By the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete clarity on what our if-else statement and how can you use if else statement in your Django and leaves? So let's get started. If else statements are nothing but statements that are used to evaluate a particular condition. So there might be some tasks which you want to do, or they might be something which you want to show to the user if a particular condition is met, that is red, if it's conditioned, come into picture. Is nothing but the syntax of how if it's conditioned on written in Django template language, you have if condition, which is nothing but it's a tag. So you can see it's surrounded by the curly brace and percentage symbol. Then you have the body over you. You can say if a particular condition, and then if that condition is true, then this body is rendered. You can have else condition which will get evaluated if the condition is false. So if this condition is true, you'll notice body. If the condition is false, you didn't know this 40. So that is how it works. If you're still confused and if you don't have clarity yet, you would have shortly once we do our demo example, we are going to drive the demo. And let's say you want to print a message on the screen. If a user is above 18 years old each. We're going to drive this example in our Django code. Let's say we have this 50k or full starter HTML which we have already written in. Bleeds for loop. Now, let's say for example, I wanted to print a message that you are above beauty news of each. This message wouldn't be putting their only if the age is above 18, use an EEG is obedience that we want to evaluate. So in order to evaluate and right, if conditional you, we will need access to each variable we are. We can pass age variable from the views. So I'll go to the views.py of Falstaff full-stack FOR loop, I have this particular file called views.py. And here is where we are calling false dot HTML. I'll just pass one mole panopto will you see each? And I'll pass the age as credit do. Alright, so I've passed the age is 20 to do. Now we have masking this age as a phenome DO, similar to like we have passed name. Now while HelloWorld to default dot HTML and overview, I'll write the if condition I type in. If you can see I'm getting an autocomplete OU, I'll press Enter. I got if an end if you automatically printed card this statement and I'll put this within if I wanted to print this particular statement. If the age is above AD, see if each is greater than using this age is nothing but the age 3D, but we're getting access to from views.py. So it is getting passed from you all and we are accessing it. Or you that said we have written all simple if condition which gets printed if the age is above. I'd save this and I'll make sure that my development was running. I had a whoop to a browser and I'll hit refresh. We had on the wrong URL we add on Create employee. And this particular phi is called from HelloWorld. If you go, do you ought to be, you're calling HelloWorld. On helloworld, you want to just copy the cell where you want it, and I'll paste it over you. So localhost slash hello-world. I know you-all seeing this, you ought to both eating, use. Now if I change age or you. So let's say if I go to views, if BY and if I make hs, then if I hit Save, if I had to finish this, this message goes away, which means that the condition that we have pleased in Django template is working perfectly fine. And it's indeed working with the real 3D out there, which is changing its value. Now as of now, we have hard-coded the value of age in views.py. But you can fetch each from anywhere like you can fetch from another form using a GET or post requests. Or you can fetch from the database as well. So it's completely dynamic information, which is right now in volts. So this is how you can walk with the if condition. Now let us try or the else condition. Let's say you're bringing you that if the ages of 18, you're saying you're giving a message, you want to avoid waiting years of age. But I also want to give a message if the user is not about reading Utah Beach. For example, in this case, we have hs, then there is no message that is being funded. We go there don't have is conditioned mentioned you, you will have to specify. So this is the S stack over you. And you will have to mention what do you need to bring if this condition fees if age is greater than 18, if this is true, you print this. If this is not true, then you are not above 80 news. And I'll save this and I'll run this, I'll refresh. And you can see, you'll seeing you on not above 80 news of each. We have seen an example of if else condition in works. Now, there might be scenarios reading. You might want to evaluate multiple conditions at one goal. For example, if you are printing, you are above 18 years. If the user is above 18 years, you'll printing, you are not above 80 news if the user is not above a genius. But let's say I wanted to add one more condition that you are off 80 news. So if the age is equal to 80 news you wanted to print, you are eating needs of each. Well, how would you do that? I love now we are evaluating true-false condition only. You can add one more condition or you, I can see hold on. I'll add a tag or you autocomplete is not picking it up. So I'll see elif is equal to AD. This is one more condition that we are adding. And lateral you do. Bad news. Is now I'll hit refresh. Nothing changes. We need to make each as a dean in order to see this getting changed. I'll just refresh. You can see you already ages 18. Now, along with true and false condition, we've already evaluating to true in if statement. Else most evaluating if the if statement is false. So it was executing the block of code. If the if statement is false, what do we have one motor condition checker will you help of L If tag? And we are checking if the ij is equal to eating. How the logic works is false. This is evaluated to see if age is above AD. This is printer. If age is, then this is evaluated. If this particular thing fields, if this pretty good, I think pulses, this is printed and this is exerted. If statement is exhibit. But if this is not true, then this is evaluated. This is printed. And then in the end, you see this as the output. If none of the conditions that this is how if else statement works. And this is an example of ladder effects. So this is also called a ladder. Ladder because there are multiple condition checks, one after the adult. So you can have as many checks as you want. You can offend checks, elif, elif else. If you can add a leaf, you can keep on adding a left over you. You can keep on evaluating the condition. So I can say elif again over you. You can do that. Where do we don't have that requirement right now, so I'll just remove this. But if you have that Guatemala in your projects, you can definitely do that. This is how if else condition works. And if this condition is very modern DAG, and it helps you evaluate conditions and do certain actions when a particular condition is met. That's about this class guys, in this lecture, we understood what is if else statement. How can you use lateral if-else statement? And we saw all of this would be headed bulk or demo in our project. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this last valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 31. For loops: Hello guys, welcome back. So in this lecture we are going to talk about for-loops in Django template language. And by the end of this lecture, you will have a clear understanding of how can you use for loops to do repeated stuff in your Django templates? So let's get started. Django provides for loops which you can use in the Django template language. You can use it in Django templates. So let me show you how can you use them. So you can say for you, and we'll get to auto suggestion for you. You can press Enter. You can see this is the syntax of for loop. You can say for a in the variable u. So I can say really believe can be the names. So if you have a list of names, you can read through that list using this particular for-loop. It is nothing but the counter which goes to each and every name in this particular list. You can have a p tag, paragraph tag. And you can see, I love. And you can put in the names like this, sorry, not names. You can print a yo-yo because a is what We're using. It read through this particular list. But we need to define this particular list somewhere, right? So as often all we haven't defined names. Anyway. What do we are going to do is we're going to go to views.py. We're going to have names over you. And sorry, I'm going to posit doesn't list and I can say Java. I'll put the names of programming languages, Lighten. I'm going to see Android list. I'll hit Save. And let's run this and see this in action. You can see VSA, I love Java, I love Python, I love Android being printed. Wo, this for-loop is similar to the for loops that we use in Python, except the fact that we are using this in the HTML code. We add accessing this dynamic lists which is coming from views.py. Now we can get this list or this information or this day dot from any metric can come from any form. It can come from database. And Amanda's completely dynamic and view is responsible for providing this to the template. Template will then access this and it will use it in the for loop. And we have a counter, you're a witch, Brings each and every element in names. Or will you. We have just added a statement. You are, I love and we're bringing that dynamic information you how you can use for loops in Django template language. I hope this was pretty clear. And I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found his last valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 32. Using inheritance to organize templates: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about how can you use inheritance to organize templates. And by the end of this lecture, you are going to have a complete clarity on the concept of inheritance here. We're also going to learn about two new topics, like include and block content. That's what we are going to learn. Let's get started. There might be scenarios wherein you might want to have a base template and use a base template to define some base configurations like the base color, etc. If you are a user of web, if you visit Amazon.com, you will see most of the websites have a standard structure. Your Amazon has a structure of header. This header is constant across all the beaches. This is the homepage. And if I search for yoga mats, you see this header is still the same. This part below changes. This is depending on what you search and more direction to do. But this header and these minimum options are seeing across the website. You have a footer also at the bottom. Scroll a bit soluble to the homepage. Throw a little. You're just food and also remains constant. So many websites or all the websites that you visit, like most of the websites have the standard structure but in the half of Edo, which is constant across the website. And then you have a food hub which is also constant like header and footer motor constant is what I mean to say. How would you achieve this thing in Django? One way is you have ten pages, you create ten HTML templates. You have o Header and Footer Code defined in all ten of them. That is one way to do about this. But the problem is if you have too, make a simple color change, you will have to do it across all the ten templates. There is a possibility that you might make errors, mistakes. You might miss some templates. These are all the possibilities and it might also repetitive tasks for the developer. How do you solve this problem? This is where the concept of inheritance comes into picture. So you can create a base template in Django and you can inherit that template. Other templates. Let me give you an example. I hop onto our ITU and I create a template, be stored HTML. This is our base template, which we'll define all the B's configurations of AHRQ website. I'm going to be some go to you. I'll base this. It'll have slash body. I'll have slash HTML. This is the base template which defines the HTML and the body tags. I haven't opened the border died yet. So what I'll do is I'll open the body tag. Sorry, I shouldn't have closed the border. Died without opening it. Just opened the motor deck. I'll mention you background color. So let's say I want to have a constant background color across my whole website. I wanted to have the Gallo as I save this. Now, what I can do is this is a base template. I can use this template and inherited all the other templates so that this base configuration of color, background color is equal to grid is applied across all my templates. And how would you do that? You need to specify a tag called block content block, and then block, and I'll specify content w. This is block bag that we have which we are defining. We are done with this HTML. Now let's move on to folders dot HTML. Now we have created this based on HTML, and we need to inherit this particular HTML file onto the first started streaming. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to remove this, all this information you the more redex move this as well. I'm not removing form because that is something we need. Just move this form dy over you. Then I'm going to specify a tag called extends. We have an extent tag. We will specify be starting HTML. So we are saying that we want to extend the HTML. And I'll hit refresh. We aren't seeing anything yet. Now, we need to also specify and mentioned the block content. So I'll say block content. I'll take this n block and I'll put it to the end. Let's save and I hit Refresh. So on doing the refresh also, we are not getting the gray color you. So let's see what the issue is. That's specified extends a specified block content. We did a mistake. We have specified Biggio you. So BG is not attack. We need to specify BG color. And that hurts safe. And let me refresh. And you can see the background color of this particular page is changed to gray. Let's talk a little bit about how this code works. We first defined base dot HTML, which is nothing but the base file which you can use across your application. And this HTML has defined the background color. It has stalled, or Django that this is where the block will come in whenever you are inheriting, that will be replaced or you heal. What you've done is you've extended be start HTML. You have specified that this particular code that is written between the block tags is nothing but the block content. What happens is this particular code of this particular entire block goes and sits over here. Doesn't how well we can use an organized templates with the help of inheritance. Very important feature is because you can have of file called footer.html and you've been cleared the photo. And you can use that particular file. You can inherit that in all your templates. So the food WE consistent across the whole website. If you want to make any small change, you have to just make that change in that single five and it will be reflected across the entire application. Imagine without this feature, you would have to create footer.html every value of two copy-pasted code. Then if you have to make any changes, you have to remember where all you have be stirred that that's not the right approach to go about it. This is a made-up route wherein you modularizing your code and you are inheriting them if you are creating components. So FUTA is a component, handout is a component. The color scheme that you're using as a component in all of that. This is pretty helpful. Let's summarize this lecture. In this lecture, we understood how can you use inheritance to organize employees. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you soon. Thank you. 33. Real world project : What are we going to build: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about a project that we are going to build from scratch. And the project that we are going to discuss is our to-do application. You can see the project is loaded in my browser. And this is what we're going to build. What I'm going to do in this lecture. I'm going to give you a complete overview of what we're going to build. And I'm going to give you a overview of each and every functionality that this particular project of us will have. So let's get started. I have this application loaded in my browser. This is nothing but our to-do app. You can see there are some Toulouse already loaded into this particular application. These are already added. Every two Lou has a button or they have two buttons, Update and Delete button. Using the update button, you can update this particular two-loop. Using delete. You can delete this particular tool. You have a text box along with the submit button. You can add our two Lu from here. Let's say if I want to either do LU, bring medicines. Again, right, the to-do name and I can hit Submit. You can see the blue being added over you without the page getting refreshed. So this is how the add functionality works. Then you have a BW. You can click on a bit and you'll be taken to this page and you can upload, bring milk. Today. I can see submit. The moment you say Submit, you will see this particular todo is updated to bring make great. I can also mark the Hulu as complete. So you have this complete checkbox over you. You can see complete and you can hit submit. The moment you do that, you will see the to-do is striped off from your list, your list, and the two-loop is striped off. Right now. I also have the ability to believe D2 so I can delete, bring medicines which had just started. I'll be taken to this confirmation page. And if I hit submit, that particular todo will be deleted from my list. This is that invoking or for this particular app. And you can see we have some basic styling done in place. We have discard structure along with some shadows and a background color. Background color, we have set to white mark in the end. And after building this app, you can decide and style it depending on your needs. This is the application that we are going to build. An also a couple of things I would like to mention. We are using a combination of databases, Django framework, and we are using the template language as well. And we will be also writing some HTML CSS or you get or to beautify this particular page. Also, we have done little beautification, not much, but we will have to write some CSS for the same. This, the other day you are seeing on your screen in the application is coming dynamically to the database. So we are using Postgres SQL. We'll be using the combination of postgres SQL and the BG Admin. And you will see this information coming from the database, which means that this information is completely dynamic. And even if you shut the Silver of your application and if you restart the server, you will see this information being displayed. Again. It's being stored in database. And it's not independent audits and posting in the app only it's being stored in database. So this is an overview of what we're going to build and we will be learning a lot by building this. But I hope you guys had excited. I'm excited for this. So let's get started. I'll see you guys in the next lectures. Thank you. 34. Creating our app and setting up the database: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to start walking towards blinked Hulu app B. I'm going to create an app. In this particular lecture, we are going to do the project setup. And we are going to also set up the database to work with our app. That's what we're going to do. And let's get started. So by the end of this lecture, you will have this project setup on your machine. You will also have configured the database for this particular app. Let's get started. First. Or what I'm going to do is I'm going to collapse this particular project which is already open you in Adam. And I am right now in the root directory of this particular project. I'm going to shift, I'm going to come out of this directory and I am in this particular folder, you, this is my pot grad. I am right now. And under the spot I have two folders. One is the virtual environment and one is the project folder. Now we need to create a project. And this project will be our two-loop project. So I'll say Django admin, Start Project. And I'll call the project to project. And I'll hit Enter. Press ls. Ls will list all the files that exist in this particular for-loop. And you can see we have Hulu project created over you. So one thing to always remember is if you want another project root directory, you need to come out of that root directory using this particular command and independent directory, you need to create this particular project. The project is created now, and I need to make sure that I see the project here. For that, we need to add this particular project into atom. And to do that, we'll go to file. We'll say Add project FOR loop. And we'll navigate to our course files. And we will select the two-loop project overview. And I'll hit Open. You can see we have this particular project added in odd atom. Now the next step is to start an app, or were you? I need to navigate to the project first. I'll say cd, blue project. I'll say to you, I'm just increasing the foreign sites so that you can clearly see here, I need to type in Python three. Manage dot p-y. I need to say start app. I'll call it the app. As to the moment I wrote that, you can see two LW is being added to my project folder. This is how you can create the app and set up the project. Now we can run dy, so I'll run the server by running the command python three, manage, don't be shy. Run, so I'll press Enter. And the project is running now on this URL, I'll just copy this URL. Go to the browser and base two you audit. You can see the project setup is done. Now after the project setup, we need to configure the database. What I will do is I'll hide award to settings.py, Hilton settings or PY, I need to start configuring the database. I'll navigate to the database stack. And I'll add some information. So we need to add the name over u. So we need to add the engine first. So I'll just add the engine tag here. As of now, the engine that is available default is SQLite three. I changed this to full-screen as good. Then I'll specify the name of the database here. So the name of the database can be, I'll see the name of the database is todo app. I can say two-loop project. Okay, so let's keep it to do project. And I have the user information, password, and host and port, which are the other tax that we need to mention. I just add in this video, we have user as Postgres forward as 1234. Host is our local host because give you the basis available and running on our local machine. And then we have to report information as well. Now, we have done the database setting. And you will see that once you see if this particular file settings or PVA get an error on the console saying to do project database does not exist. And this is true. We haven't created the database. In order to create a new database. We will go to PG Admin and we click on database and will. Right-click and we'll see database, and we'll call it to loop project. We'll hit Save. The database is now created. You can see the database. I'll just collapse this particular second app database. And you can see blue project is created you, if you hit Save now or if you restart the server, you will see the error is gone and database is being picked up. My jangle. We are done by creating the project, setting up the app, and connecting to the database. And we had also done with the database setup. Now the next step is to create the models and get those models or the database tables created. So first we'll start by creating the model here in our project. So I go to the blue app and I'll open models.py. Not all, we need to start creating the model. What model are we going to create in our app, sample app we saw here you could see we have to store every to-do information. So we have to do LU name and some Deleuze, not some like all Toulouse can be marked as complete. You need to also keep the track of that, like whether to Louis complete or not. So you need to store balloon name, whether the do loop is completed or not. And we will also be scoring vendor to loop was created. Let's head over to this particular file OU, and we'll see glass task. This is a class that will define, we'll import models from the mortals package. And the first field library or cure is task, which is nothing but the Garfield and the maxlength of this particular field is a 100. I copy this and I'll paste this over you. And the next field that is, is complete. Now is complete is nothing but of view, which will help us keep a track of whether a particular todo is marked as complete or not. We will not be keeping this particular field as character, will be keeping this as Boolean field. Because we believe extruding through volts. So it's completely true, means the blue is marked as complete. Complete false means that blue is not yet complete. And default value will be. So we have an ability to define the default value you. And I'll say false. You can read more about a boolean fields where you're at Django. Form fields. If you move this, if you go with you. This is the link to the official documentation. We can see form fields Django project. If you click on Boolean field, you can see this is the field that we're using and you have an option to specify default as well. We'll be using this field and we are done. I'm adding it and login copy this, and I'll paste this here. Now the next field that we need to add is created. This is nothing but the date nine feet. And I add o phenomena you now at adding this particular parameter or add now is equal to two. What this parameter is going to do is it is going to make sure that we don't have the ability to edit this particular fee, but this particular field is added automatically. So we don't want users who add task while adding does to select unlike what is the time when they're writing. Because this can be able to write it if you didn't want the users to select the date and time. So we have configured a parameter called worldwide now, which will make sure that this particular field is auto populated and auto set and use it as not asked anything about this particular field. This is something there'll be at writing. I'll hit Save what were you? All right. The model is created now and what do we need to do is we need to migrate this particular model into our database. And we need to see if we are able to convert this particular model into our database people. What are you going to do is the next step. We're going to go to settings or PY, and we have to add the app. So we will have our tag for apps. You have the app tag called install apps and you need to add the blue app. I'll hit Save. So todo app is now added. The installed apps and install apps is in the settings are within the project folder. Okay, so we're done with this, and now it's time to do a migration. We have to now make sure that all the moderns, not all, we have only created one more than we have to make sure this model is reflected as a DWG able. To do that, we will have another instance, optic dominant open. Switch over to the project directory, starts running the commands that are needed to migrate the model to the database. So I'll say biotin three, manage PUI, say mic migrations. Best end up. Another moment I do this. I'll see the migration is being created over you. If I click on this, you can see fields id, dusk is complete and created. Id is nothing but meat or to edit ID. I'll just close this. So everything seems fine. I can even check my migration. So I will run this command by pin three, manage BY as good and migrate. I'll see Hulu and I'll see one placenta. And you will see this SQL that will be executed and everything looks fine. This is optional step to CVS, good. But if you wish to see, you can see it this way. By reflecting my model into database. Run this command python3, managed dot p-y migrate. And I'll press Enter. The moment I do this, you will see everything being OK. And now I'll go to pg admin. Go to schemas. Under tables, I should be able to see all the tables along with To-Do Tasks table. You can view the reduct. Table will be MDS off now, okay, but you can see you have ID, you have task with the limit of a 100 is complete set to Boolean and created, which is nothing but for date and time on when the two Lewis added, we had done with the table setup, database setup. And we are also done with creating the project app and the models. In this lecture, we setup our project app and the new two BCE for R2 application. And I hope you have been able to do the same on your system. Do I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable? I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 35. Setting up models in admin: Hello guys, welcome back. So in this lecture we are going to set up the models in the admin panel. By the end of this lecture, you will have your models visible in your admin panel. So let's get started. Here I am on the item and in order to do the setup, I'll just minimize this domino of mine. I'll switch to the other dominant. But in I can see my project running. And I'll switch a wall to this admin dot p-y fight. What do we need to do is we need to register our model 0 so that they are reflected in the admin panel. What I'm going to do is I'm going to see admin dot site, DOT register. And I'm going to mentioned the model class, and I'll say Save. Now the moment I hit Save, you'll get an error. You're on the console saying the name task is not defined. And that's correct. This file won't know what task is unless and until you import task over you, you need to import tasks. So you will say from DOT models import task, I'll hit Save. The moment you do that, you will see the error go away. Now, we need to go to a browser and I'll try accessing the admin panel. So I'll see 127800 slash admin. Now, we need a username and password. In order to get this username and password, we need to create a superuser. For that. I'm going to head over to our console. You, I'm going to switch the on and I'm going to create a superuser. Alright, I'll see biotin three, manage dot p-y. Goodyear, super-useful. I'll press Enter. And it's saying leap blank to use facet, I'll say email address. I don't want to enter password is 12341234. Again, it will remind me that my path forward is very simple. Do you want to bypass the password validation? I'll say yes. Doesn't not recommended for building production ready apps in production, ready apps, you need to have a strong password. This is not a production ready app or I'm not going to deploy this anywhere and use it commercially. This is just for learning and educating bubbles, so I'm fine with using this password. Now, I will switch over to the Django administration, which is nothing but the admin panel. And I'll enter the credentials of the user that I have just created. I'll see vessel 1234 and then say login. The moment I log in, I'll see all the models that I've registered you. So we have registered this one model you tasks. And we also have this default groups and uses available you. If you click on task, you'll see that you have the ability to add tasks. Are you going to add task? I can say bring chocolate so you can see some of those suggestions. And I'll say safe. This particular task is added you, you can use this admin tool to manage, I had believed tasks. So that's about this lecture, guys. So in this lecture, did a setup of models, ambulance disturb those models to our admin panel so that we can add manage lead our models on the goal from the admin County. And we should also be able to see this change being reflected in our database. If you refresh the database, you can see this field is being added in the database with all the values. So that's about this class, guys. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 36. Displaying tasks in a template: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture, we are going to start displaying the tasks in our template. By the end of this lecture, you will have a complete gravity on how could you display all the tasks and you can display it by fetching it from the database. So how can you do that? You will have a complete clarity on each anybody steps. And we're going to simulate each and every steps here so that you could replicate those steps on your machine in your project as well. So let's get started. So objective today is to display the list of tasks that are added in the database on in the home you want it. If I try to access the app, will you? For right now we are seeing this default page over u, which is nothing but the default page that Django provides. Instead of this page, we have to see the list of all the tasks that we have added in the database. In order to do that, I'll switch over to atom. And I'm going to first start by configuring the URLs. I'm going to go to URLs dot p-y. Here. I'm going to add Bot, and I'm going to Django to include all the URLs that we have in odd app. So I'll say blue dot you audience. I'll hit Save. The woman. To hit Save, you will get an error that include is not defined. So you need to import include from Django dot URLs. I'll see coma in-group. And I'll hit Save. The moment you do this, the included or goes away, but you see another error. The error is no more dirname to do, lord, you orders. So it means that in our to-do app, we don't have any module called URL, which is correct. We need to create this module. We go to the app and we'll see you want us dot PY. And I'll pay some color wheel, so I need to be scored from pattern. Do you want to start BY? And I'll be suitable you move this. We need to start defining the box for the homepage. The homepage will be represented by the MD inverted commas, and we need to specify the views of you. I'll just remove this. Here. I'm going to see views dot index. This is the view name that we have to define. And I'm going to mean the view as meme is equal to, I'm going to call it list and I'll hit Save. Now, we have saved this. And if you'd try to refresh this, something happened in no module named Blue Dot URLs, but we have already added this. I don't know why they said it is still coming. Let me stop this over and let me start it again. I'll start this over. Okay, So now they are changed and that we are getting now is muses not defined. So within views we are trying to access index and that is not defined, which is perfectly fine. So we need to import views over u. So I'll see from dot views and I'll hit Save. You can see now the address changed again. So from todo dot views, todo dot views has no attribute index, which is correct. Like within views we haven't defined the index yet, so we need to define an index here. So we'll say def index. We have requests as the parameter and heal. We will start defining the logic to fetch the tasks from the database and pass it on to the HTML template, which will render this information in the but also, let's start by fetching. Task is equal to how do we fetch will see the mortal name dot objects, dot fetch all the Deleuze from the database. And I have to now return. And I have to render Albert rendering of a beach. And I'll say index.html. This index.html does not. Instead, we need to create it, but for now I'm specifying the HTML template name and I need to pass basket object. To see task you. You can see this always up and running the moment that saved this, the order it over into way. But it was not able to find the index in views. Go to the browser and I'll hit refresh. And you can see now we're getting the name task is not defined. You are trying to access the model from the views are BY, but you haven't imported it. So we need to import that. So I'll say from dark model's input mask, I'll hit Save, hit Refresh. This editor was expected. We haven't yet created the template yet. So we need to start creating the templates. And for that, I created templates for the first TO YOU. This folder, templates. This is where all our templates will reside. I agree the new file, I'll call it index dot HTML. So what we now need to do is be on now passing the task parameter. And this task is nothing but a list of all the objects that we're getting from the database. But the help of this model, we need to start printing the blues. So the Toulouse we are assuming is in the form of list. So I need to go to index.html and I need to start writing the for loop. And I need to see for tasks. In task, task is the variable that we are getting. Our task is the list that we're getting from views.py. And here I need to see bad enough task. And I need to, you mentioned tasks and I'll hit Save. And now we still need to do one more step. So we have computed the templates, but we haven't told Django project on the location of where our complete fives decided, we need to do that configuration as well. To do that, we handle those settings are p. And here we have the stag and bleeds. And here we need to configure the directory of employees. So we need to see OS dot, dot, dot join. Okay? I needed to see BCE DIR. Goma emulates. I need to hit Save. The moment I hit Save, it says not defined. So you've got this editor and the cell will stop. You need to import OS. So I will go to the top and I'll add an import statement in both voice. I'll hit Save and I'll start the soul again. You can see it was now up and running but no issues. You have your templates configured. Now let us see if you can access all your Toulouse in the browser. I'll hit refresh and you can see you're seeing a task object being put into view. Now the reason for this is, let's head over to our HTML file. Now. You are getting the list of objects and not the list of tasks. So our task is nothing but a glass with a model. And this particular patch is done from the database in the form of objects in order to exist the name of the nostrils. So if you take a look at model sort BY the task class has a field on an attribute called task. Since we are getting tasks in the form of objects, if you need to specify tasks, dot basketball you. If you do this, it'll start printing the name of the task because the name is getting saved in this task failure. If you don't do this, you will see the objects being printed like we are seeing now. Since we have made the change, I'll hit Save and I'll refresh the browser. And you can see putting chocolate is being fetched over you. And if you go to the database, you will see we are fetching this from the database itself. Now, in order to test this, we can also start creating more tasks. From the admin panel. I can see bring milk. I'm going to save. Again fish the page. You can see bring milk is coming over you. And it's also being added to the database. You can see putting the ink coming over u. So this is how you can essentially fetch the list of all the tasks that are being added in the database onto your browser. I hope you guys have aphasic letter D on how you can do this. And I hope you are also according with me and doing this along with me. In this lecture, we understood how can you DO and fetch the list of all the tasks that you are saving in your database with the head bulk Django admin panel. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this last valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 37. Creating form to add tasks: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture, we are going to start creating a form to add tasks within our application. By the end of this lecture, you will have a complete clarity on the step-by-step configuration that you need to do in your project. So let's get started. So now we have been able to create tasks from the Django admin panel. But doing this from the Django admin panel is not intuitive. And if you see the demo app that we have over u, we should be able to create tasks right from the application itself. Like it won't be logging in into Django administration and uses wouldn't be doing that. You need to have the ability to add to lose Yoda itself. In order to do that, we will be creating a form and we'll be taking help of Django model form, which is nothing but a special class that allows developers to convert them mortals into forms. This saves developers from writing code to create forms and reduce the application development time. We have already created the model with you. So we have this model setup. Now, we will be converting this model into a form. How do we do that? So we need to go to forms dot p-y. Forms dot p-y does not exist. So we need to create this particular file under the app for loop. I create forms dot BY. Here. I need to start creating of glass. So I'll see glass task form. And I'll say forms dot model form. So I'm using this class model form from forms package. And I need to import this particular package you, I'll see from Django board, it forms. I'll hit Save and I define a class. I'll say model is equal to task. This task is nothing but our model that we have created. And I'll press Enter and I'll also see fields is equal to all. We need to add all the fields into our model form. Now, this done, now what I'm going to do is I need to head over to our views.py. So you wouldn't views.py. I'm going to create an object of task form glass that we just created. I'm going to see form is equal to ask form. And I get an error if I save this because I haven't imported this, I need to import this. I'll say from forms. Import basketball. I'll hit to see if the moment you do this, you will get an error saying task is not defined in forms dot p-y. So I'll go with you. Yes, we haven't imported task with you. I'll see phloem dot model import star. I'll import all the models. Let us save this always open and running and all the others are gone. Now we have got an instance of form in views.py. Now we need to pass this object into our views so that we can use this particular form in HTML template. I'll say formal. Were you the name of the variable is form. I'll hit Save. All right. Now, what I need to do is I am passing this particular form object as a parameter to the template. Now in the template, I need to display and add this form. To add this, I'll be adding this at the top and I'll see form. All right, so this is all of you out a form and not also add input button. And I'd say input type is submit and I want to call it create task. So the name is create tasks. And I'll remove the value bottom. I'll let save. Now let's head over to the browser and let's do a refresh. We are getting another form is not defined and we're getting this in views.py belief. Not be asked form. Let's head over. You. You start BY, I believe we have imported task form. F is capital U. This is the error we made. F. Capital F is small. Modal class name has capital F. So we need to go to views.py and change CS2 capital F and hit save. Refresh. The moment you do this, you will see this DOS form coming over you. And you're going to add tasks from you. So I can say bring groceries and submit. It's not submitting it because we need to write the code to submit the Blues. Often all we're just displaying this form onto our user interface. All right, so in this lecture, we understood how can you add form onto your user interface. And we used Django model class for this, which converted our model into a phone. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 38. Saving todo’s in database: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to talk about how you can save your to-dos from the form that we have created on our browser into the database. By the end of this lecture, you will have a complete clarity on the steps that are needed to achieve this functionality. So let's get started. We have already displayed a form, alright, but we are not able to save any information yet. In order to save the information, we need to add some functionality or we need to tweet this form a little bit. Let's head over to Atom. And he'll, I'm going to navigate to the template. And here we have added this particular formula, or this form has an input type. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to add a form tag. You put this code like the form and the input button into this form tag like this. And I'm going to remove glass over you. The action is, where do we want to redirect on Submit? We want this request to go to the row divided. The method is post. Alright, I'll hit Save. The moment you hit Save now, Menu Submit. If I refresh this, and if I add bring chocolate, and if I submit, right, we're seeing this editor CSRF magnification field. Like always, if you're using a post requests, you need to add CSRF token. Alright. I'll hit Refresh. Cancel. I'll go back. Now I'll hit Submit. So let us see whether we are getting this error again. I'll hit Refresh, refresh. I'll say bring milk, putting medicines, and I'll hit Submit. So we are being taken, do the rudy water, alright, but nothing is happening. This is not getting saved because we are yet to intercept this request and we are yet to save this to the database by mentioning the slash you're going to start BY. But do you added sodium nor this you ought to start BY, but this one, you're going to index views. All right, so in views you have this index. Now. You need to get this form and see the form into the database. How would you do that? You will see if request dot method is equal to if it's post. Then what are we going to do is we're going to get the form. So we're going to see Task Form and we're getting this DOS form from the request. So I'm going to say request post. And then we're going to check if the form is valid. So if form is valid, then we'll see form got save. And after the saving is done, you will see the return redirect and you'd be redirecting them to be seawater. But what we are doing is we are checking if the method request is post. Request method is post, then we're getting this request from the HTML page from the form. But if the method is not host, then somebody's just loading this page and hence does information will be loaded. But if the request method is post, then we're getting the form. We are checking if the form is valid and we are hitting save. This save function will make sure that the data that is entered onto the form is saved in the database. Now after saving, we are refreshing and redirecting the user to the homepage. And this will ensure that the web page is reloaded and the newly added to Lou is also reflected on the webpage. What I'll do with you is we need to go and we needed to hit, Refresh, see, fresh, see, bring, submit, not seeing the desired result yet. So let me check what the issue is. Once we have added this onto views.py, we're going to navigate to the web browser. We are going to refresh the page and I'm going to add it to bring milk too. I'll hit submit. The moment I hit Submit, I get an error that redirect is not defined. So it's because we are using redirect, what we haven't imported it. I'll say redirect. I'll hit Save. But we got this error after saving. So basically first we are saving and then we are redirecting. So the to-do must have been saved. So let me refresh this. You can see the Buddha was saved. Now let me type in again. Bring chocolate to the stain and Alex submit. And you can see we have seen this particular todo being reflected here in our list. So I hope you guys have a fair clarity now on how you can save your Toulouse and start adding to lose right from the front-end or right from the browser. Django admin panel also you are reading from the browser, but this is essentially you are doing from the app. I hope you guys have a favorite clarity on the step-by-step configuration part over you. And what do you need to do to achieve this? I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 39. Updating todo’s: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to add the functionality of update to our interface. So we have our app running and we are able to add the Toulouse right from our app itself. So now we need an update functionality. So once you have added a To Do, you need a button or were you using which you can update a particular tube? So if you check out our demo app, you have an upload button and you click on Update button to update that particular tool. We need to add a similar functionality into our app. How do we do that? Let's get started with step-by-step on how we can achieve this. Start this, I will first headword to distort BY. Alright, and we need to define. You ought to hold on Before you want us to talk BY. I will head on to index.html and healed in index.html, I'm going to add the update button. So let's say I wanted to add an update button here, let's say within the loop. So I want every task that we are displaying on the interface to have an update button beside it, I'll be using the ETag of the HTML. And in place of this HRTF, I'm going to add some ginger code. I'm going to say, I'm going to add something like this. And I had some CO2 video. So I'll say if a user clicks here, this is the updated link. So if the user clicks here, I want the user to be redirected to update underscore task. You wanted. I want to pass the task dot ID as the pedometer. And I'll hit Save. Let me just show this to you in the browser so I'll just refresh this. We haven't registered this tag. That is what a spelling. So we're specifying this URL name along with the parameter, but you want to do is not yet registered. So let's head on to the you ought to distort BY heal. What I will do is I'll plot function you. I'll just say will you update, update, underscore tasks? And I'm accepting the task id as the parameter. You, if you see I'm passing the task ID. So I need to accept that task idea. We're going to see STR, colon key. This is how you are accepting the pedometer. So you are saying string and the parameter is key. So this part of the URL is dynamic. And you want to redirect the user to update task in views.py. And I call this URL as update task. We are using this name of you that we have registered the URL with. This is the name that we're using here. We're specifying just a name. So this is the benefit of defining means. You have defined this with the name update task. Anymore you want to use this, you want to, or whenever you wanted to specify this you audit, you need to just mention the name of the US. And I'm specifying the parameter also that this URL will accept. Now in views.py, what I need to do is I need to add the update tasks method or you, because we have Gordon error that there is no update task in views. I'll say def update task. And it will accept the request has the parameter and also the parameter that we're passing key. There will be two parameters. I'll just add this and now you, we need to fetch it a task first. What will be the update process? We need to get the task with D key. This key is nothing but a unique task ID that we have in the database. We need to fetch the corresponding task. Let me explain this to you bedrock. So I will do this example project. Now when you click on Update, clicking the update button, the side bring groceries. When you hit Update, you'll see the URL update task slash 1414 is nothing but the ID of this task. Bring groceries. And when you click on this form is loaded with deep pre-filled information of this particular two-loop. You know, what this to-do is all about. Now similarly, if you click here to update, you will see bring milk today and also complete a stick, which means that this task is marked as complete. So we need to create a similar form when we see this information of the corresponding task that is being clicked on, pre-filled. Alright, How do we do that? We need to fetch the task force will be fetching the task. Task is equal to ask dark objects. Dot get an ID is equal to C0. Instead of getting all the objects we have just seen get and we're getting the task would design. Now, what I'm going to do is I'm going to also get the form object. So I'm going to save form is equal to task form. All right, and I'm gonna say Instance is equal to task. This should make sure that we initialize the form with D task object that we have retrieved. And then I'll press Enter and I'll say it or don't. See you request first, then the next pedometer is update task HTML, the HTML that we are yet to define. And then the dose I'll pass in form. Say form, Gordon, form. I'll hit Save. What we're doing is we're getting the task. So whenever you click on the Update button here, so let's say you are loading all the tasks. So let's say you click on a bleed burden on the third task. Three will be passed as the task ID. Ok. And you'll go to this particular phi u and views.py task is being called. Now you'll get as the pedometer in the key field. And you'll get the corresponding task of having the key to the corresponding dots, which has two, will be fetched from the database. And then we're creating a formal object with this task being initialized. So this particular form will be prefilled with this particular task. And then you'll passing this form onto the update test.html. Now we haven't created a test.html, so we need to do that. So we'll see new fight Update. Now we will be writing some code. So you will say h3 and I'll add update task as the heading. And then we'll create a formula. So I'll say form glass so we don't need gloss over you action. We don't want to define any action yet. We'll define the method post. And I have CSRF token you because we're doing post requests, you need to have CSRF token. Then I'll have formed deck. We're getting this form. You. Alright. I'll have input, type submit. And the name is a bit task. Hit Save. And let's see the updated information on this, on this. To finish. And you will see an error, invalid blocks of the task, new register, or load this. All right, So we are getting this information. The interviewer getting is that this isn't registered. And I believe that's because we have added this inverted comma will you in the wrong place. So we need to add it over. You. Hit Save. And I'll just refresh. It's still not working. Okay, so I think we also need to specify the URL or you. So I'll specify you Waterloo you because this is something that we'll be able to put in a URL. We will have to specify just use water Diageo. I'll see if I'll hit refresh. The other changed. Okay, So I got the shoe now. Saying task. So what do guessing task for you? So you need to change it to Tasks, then refresh so it worked finally. Now you can see we have the update button with every two-loop that we are seeing. Let me click on any of the update button. So I click on this putting chocolate. You can see without being redirected to update tasks. And the idea of this task is one. So if you check the due to B's idea of putting chocolate is 11 is being lost. And you are seeing this pretty full information in the field. Alright, so let me explain this once again on how this and Dataflow works. Menu go to this HTML. Like the homepage. You are seeing, the update button mean populated. Now this Update button is being rendered with the URL. And the URL is oblique task and update dots gives you wanted that we have defined u. So this is the opportunity to ask you on it, Update Tasks slash, it accepts one parameter which is dynamic, and it's the ID of the tasks. You're specifying the idea of the task. And the view we have I just Studio is update tasks. So when you call this particular URL, the ID is being passed to this particular view you, It's getting close morning, dusk. And in Archie's, the 1-bit, the ID1, putting chocolate is being fetched. And then last formal object is created and it's initialized with this particular tasks. Then this is being passed as a pedometer to update test.html, which is an HTML file which exempts to spit on my dump and displays default. So if you click on different Update button, you will see different tasks being loaded. You will see the ID will also change. So this is bringing chocolate who has five SCID. You can see this is an order to fresh. So let me refresh. So bring chocolate to has five SDI. So that's how this glass guys. So in this lecture we understood how can you start updating the Toulouse. We haven't yet completed the process. Now we're just adding the two-loop into the update form. And now, after making the changes, you should be able to save this. Okay, which is not happening right now. That was about in this class guys, in this lecture, we understood how can you begin the process of uploading blues? And we have created an update form and we have linked it to our mean beach. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 40. Saving the updated todo’s: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture, we are going to start saving the updated tools. And by the end of this lecture, you will have a complete understanding of all the steps that you need to take in order to save the updated to lose onto your database. Let's get started. I am on the speech and this is the update page. You can see. On the update page, you can update the two-loop. I can say two to two. And I'm going to hit Submit, but nothing happens if I hit submit. What do we need to do is we are on Update task. We are redirecting user to homepage over Bn artery directing user actually to anywhere. The action is empty. What do we need to do is we need to start updating the views.py. So let's head on. Do we use dot PY? And in views.py, we need to start adding some code for the request type bolster. So after this line of code over u, I'll say if request dot method equal to post, then what do we need to do is learn a co-linear, otherwise we will get an error. So we get the form first form is equal to the task form. I need to get this task form from the post request that we're getting. And I'll say Instance is equal to task. And I'll say if form is valid, will see form dot safe. And if once they form is saved out of redirect the user to the homepage, which is nothing but the list page. Let me refresh this page and let me see this in action. Let's go to the list page and I'll hit Update, timesing, bring milk 111 and I'll hit Submit. We are getting an error. No attribute boost. I got the area. Also been gaps. I'll hit Save. And I'll go back, I'll refresh, look in a bit the milk, and I'll hit Submit. We're getting form has no attribute valid. We did another mistake. This is a function and not an attribute. I just changed this to function marketing this cool brackets and I'll hit Save, I'll finish this. I'll say bring milk. 111, Submit. All right, so we've got another error. It says it says there's no function called valid. Hold on, so it's not a valid, it is valid. We have saved this and let's refresh this now. And let's see One, One, One submit. You can see this has been uploaded, alright, and you can update the Deleuze from here, so you can see this is updated. This is also being updated in the database. Alright, so let me refresh. You can see the 11111. We're getting there, so we're building a dynamic app wedding. You have been able to fetch all the Toulouse onto your browser. In the app. You can add to lose from the form and you can update by clicking on the update button. Submit it's being updated here. This is how you can see the ability to lose onto your Django application. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found this class valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 41. Allowing users to delete todo’s: Hello guys, welcome back. This is Lecture b would be understanding on how you can add the functionality to delete, to lose from your application. By the end of this lecture, you will have a complete understanding on how you can make this functionality Voc for your app as well. So let's get started. Already have the functionality to add, to lose, an update to lose. Now, we need to add the delete functionality. So in order to do this, we need to first update and add the URL to start BY. So we need to add the delete URL. I'll just say, instead of oblique tasks, I've just duplicated the line and I'll see Delete Task will need the same you wanted. If I go over you are demo app and if I click on Delete, you can see it's the similar you want to with variety is being passed. And if you hit submit, this to do with this particular ID is deleted. So coming through our app or that Louis, I have delete task. See glute task, you. And I will see Delete Task here as well. If I have updated the water. Alright, now after updating the URL, essentially I need to update index.html. So I need to go to index.html. You and I need to copy this, and I need to be status and I need to say Delete Task View. All right. I need to see delete the video. Hit Save. It's the same structure we're calling the task and passing the task ID. Now after we have updated index.html, we need to go to views.py HTML. So sort of views.py, not HTML. And heal. I need to say delete tasks. I need to accept a request coma key. We are getting this request object and the key from the URL. I'm going to get this particular task in a similar way. I got you. You got this task with this particular key. I don't need to create the formula. Instead, I'll just say if request dot method is equal to host, you need to say task dot. And we will be redirecting user to D homepage. So after we delete, we will be redirecting the user to the homepage. Now, this chord when we are deleting, going to be hitting the delete button. But before delete button, we also need to render, like we were entering you. So we needed to render. So I'll just copy paste this. And instead of this, I'll say delete tasks dot HTML. We don't have a format video. I'll just remove. Alright, I'll see if you can sort of form attribute. We need to add the task attribute. Here like this. Let's see this in action. So let me refresh this page and let's see if we get any error. We're getting an editor or will you let me check what the issue is, okay, so I've found the issue for why I was not able to load the page, so I didn't see if you wanted to start BY and there was no coma you in the end. So yo you need to add a comma. At the end. I didn't die. And when I hit Save to this fight, if I had a threshed, I could see the delete button coming up over u. We have to delete button. Let's click on Delete, so we get an area that template does not exist. Just fine. Leave it redefining the Delete Task and bleed. And blue that will be going to the template directory, creating a new fight. Delete Task dot HTML. Alright. I'll be adding a message first, so I'll be seeing you sure. You want to delete you. I'm going to pass in the task name, passing the ETag. See percentage. Right here, I'll say you want to type in the list name. Mistake. Yeah. I'm calling the URL list over you and you want to list is nothing but our baseURL. We added this and this button will be cancelled. So if the user says, I don't want to delete. We will just redirect him to this base. You want it at the homepage. And if the user sees, delete this so we'll add a formula, sorry. Instead of glass being removed this class, he'll action we see nothing and method is equal to host large CSRF because this is the post request that we are sending. I'll have input, submit. This is done. What we are doing is we are redirecting user to the task first. So when we go to views.py and once this function is called Delete Task, so it's not a post request when it's called for the first time. When you hit the button for you. It's not a post request, so this part is skipped. Basketball object is fetched for the corresponding ID, but this part is skipped. And instead the scissor donors, so you already directed to delete tasks dot HTML. So let me show you this. So you have to read elected you. And you'll be shown a message like are you want to delete this particular task? If you see, yes, if you submit, right now, submit does not have any value. So let me add some value. Say input lists submitted, refresh. Some problem. Long you wait. All right, So it worked perfectly. So there was an issue with the value. So I just removed that and had only the name attribute. Does is load it. Now, when you select delete, the host part is OEO in the views.py is skipped. This part. And instead we are loading the test.html. And it's asking me, but that I wanted to delete this particular tool. It's not showing the blue name. What do we will be fixing this? And if you hit submit, it's deleting this particular tool. Let's delete this mic. But before that I'll get that fixed. So instead of showing task, we need to show tasks dot name, dot task. Because in models.py, we have the activity name as task. Let me refresh alert, delete. Are you sure you want to delete this? Submit? It will get deleted. Delete functionality is working perfectly fine. Let me refresh the time. Let me show it to you in the derbies. You can see only two blues now. The one with ID 13 have been deleted. This is how you can add delete functionality into your django project. I hope you guys have affair clarity on how you can make this work and how you can add a date functionality in your Django project. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found it valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 42. Marking tasks as complete: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to understand how can you mock your Toulouse as complete? If you absorb you. Let me update this task, putting make that'd be marked as complete and let me hit Submit. You can see we're not seeing any change in the UI. We have mocking are two Lu as complete. If you see this, it's marked as complete. Alright, might be another reflecting that on the user interface. So we need to do that because you're in our API. We will striking off. So whichever to do is complete, we market striked off. Let's understand how are we going to achieve this? So we're going to first headword to Atom editor and we're going to load index.html. And we need to now check if D2 is marked as complete. We have the task object OU. It would be to lose marked as complete. We will be making use of strike tag of HTML to mock or to Lu as complete. And we will be making use of the if statement as well. So let's see this in action. So let's start adding the if statement. So what I'm going to do is I'm going to see, if you'll see I get some auto populated quarter. We're just going to press Enter you. I'm going to check if is complete. It's completed. The model field that we have defined, it's a Boolean type. So I'll say if task is complete, then we need to do trike. We will be using the strike back and we will be placing the task within the stack and move this to the end. And we will be specifying the stack. That is it. Let's refresh our app and let's see this in action. So you can see you have this particular thing striped off. The problem is this is going on a new line, and this is coming on the same line as the buttons. I'm going to remove the Beta view. And let's have this feedback. Let's save this, and let's refresh. Okay? So in order to fix this, it all came in one line. So in order to fix this allowed of p tag here, see if refresh, all right, it's done. Instead of b. You can also add o, BR tag. Line break. Line break is not leaving enough space. So I'll just see b and b. Let's save and I'll refresh. This is how you can market to lose as complete. So if I hit Submit, you'll see it's incomplete. This is complete. This is how you can add the functionality of mapping task as complete in your Django project. I hope you guys enjoyed this class and found it valuable. I shall see you guys soon. Thank you. 43. Styling template: Hello guys, welcome back. In this lecture we are going to add a beautiful user interface. We are going to beautify interface that we have created for our application. So as you know, like we have finished functionality. Like we are able to add tasks, update, delete, and multitask as complete as well. But what our obligation lakhs right now is beautiful user interface. So we are going to beautify it a little bit so that it looks decent. So by the end of this lecture, you will have your application as well. Look beautiful if you follow along the lecture. So let's get started. So in order to start writing some code, we are going to discuss a couple of things. So we are going to add some CSS onto our application. So CSS is in nothing but scripting language which beautifies the HTML if you are not aware of this. So I'm just giving you the definition. And we'll be making use of something called as Bootstrap CSS. So I'll be searching for Bootstrap CSS. And you'll see the first link here. Bootstrap is a project which has standard CSS. This is nothing but a standard CSS standard that is defined. And you can use it in your project. It's free to use. What I'll be doing is I'll be clicking on getting started you, and you can see over you the link coping this link. I'll be adding a head tag. You're not a mixed started streaming head. And I'll paste that over u. We have our CSS added into our file. Now if I refresh, I might see a small change. A small change, which is okay. Now I need to start adding some code. Alright, I'll add a couple of views and I'll make sure this form is center and all. So as of now, this form is on the top left, which is not good. I want it to be in the center, like we have for our demo here. What I will do is I'll start adding a couple of deals. So I'll add this div called Law Center column, you just ahead of the form. And as close to stiff. Let's see what changes we see. Once we add this node changes, then we'll be adding one more div, which has few tags. Define if. I'll save, refresh. How Bootstrap works is you have to, you can make use of classes. So Bootstrap CSS already has some classes predefined in Bootstrap CSS. If you just started classes, those functionalities are inherited in your project. That is how it works. So you'd see a lot more changes like as and when we start adding some Codio. So let me add one more div, divs that I have added. Now what I'm going to do is I'm going to add some CSS data have written. I'm going to add the CSS in head back. So let me add that in the head tag allowed some CSS which I have written her to save and I'll hit Refresh. So the moment I added the CSS to center column here, you could see this particular form coming in the same dome. And the center volume says, it adds border reduce mortality. This is nothing but like I want some rounded edges here. I've defined more than reviews box-shadow, box color. So this is the box background color that we have defined, binding margins and the bid. Some CSS that we have written here. And we saw some change on our application. Now, let's see some more change over you. It does button. We are going to make it even better. What do we need to do is we need to go to Bootstrap CSS, and we need to search you buttons. You can see this CSS buttons. You need to click over you. And you'll be taken to this particular page. And you can see these are in Milk Buttons, in Bootstrap CSS. And to add these buttons, do your project that you just need to add these glass tags in your buttons. What I'm going to do is I'm going to use buttons success, which is nothing but this green color button. I'll add this to our Create Task button. So I'm just going to switch over you and I'm going to add this glass here. I'll hit Save and we'll refresh. So you see this burden is like this. Now, if I refresh, you see it turning to clean. All right, then I am going to add a couple of more buttons, so I need a better button for oblique and delete. What I'm going to do is I'm going to have a bit marked as primary button and delete marked as being geometry. All right, I'm going to copy this primary tag from you. I'm going to go, we'll going to. Leads to the next one is do being GO button. So I'm going to copy this. I'm going to paste it. You hit Save and I'll hit refresh. You can see the buttons have become much more better. Alright guys, so one more thing I wanted to add, or you like, I just realized that we were using the login of Bootstrap. You accidentally, like we came from Google, and we will switch to the older version of Bootstrap. So we need to switch to the latest version like this. So you have to click over here and switch to leaders version. Then you have to click on Get started. So you will get this latest version of Bootstrap here. So you need to copy this and you need to replace the one that you added. But this one, and you need to hit Save the moment you do that. Alert. And if you refresh, you will see this change. Like you will see this form coming in the center. This is what we have done and achieved with Bootstrap. Now, this is not an interface. If you see our interface, we have the task field OU, and we are asking you just to mark the task as complete or incomplete while writing the dusty. We don't want to do that. We just wanted to tell you this too, and the dusk. And if they want to mark complete incomplete, they can do it later on. In order to do that, we will have to go to our index dot HTML. And we have added this form over u. So here instead of adding the entire form, we will have to say form dot task. Task is nothing but the field in the task model. We're just mentioning that we want to display only task over u. I hit save and I refresh. You can see the updated UI coming up over you. And I can click Update OU, I can see 123. I can hit Submit. I can add more tasks. So I can say bring groceries. Going to submit. You can see all the dots being added over you. This UI looks a little bit decent and by TO, as compared to having nothing like we had in the beginning of this lecture. Just to give you a, somebody of what we did in this lecture, we used Bootstrap CSS to beautify our application. We also added some custom CSS that we wanted to style our application. We added a few do tags with you, and we switched the entire form that we had to just be task feeding. We also switched off buttons to Bootstrap CSS buttons OU, you can refer to the documentation of Bootstrap CSS. And you can also add all of this into your project. So that's about this class guys. I hope you guys found this glass valuable and interesting. I'll see you guys soon. Thank you.