Building Structures in Spanish - Structure 6

1. Introduction to the course: Egn money though. Hello, and welcome to building structures in Spanish. Structure six. I'm Karen and I'm a language teacher based in the UK. And I wrote this course to help you to learn to speak Spanish. The whole of the Spanish language is made up of a number of structures. I remember one weekend I was writing some lessons for the week ahead. When I suddenly realized this, I notice that there are a certain number of structures in Spanish and that every sentence follows one of these structures. I spent the rest of the weekend working out all the structures and I wrote them all down. Once you know what all the structures are, you can begin to learn them. Every structure you learn gives you the ability to say a huge amount. Some structures are used more than others. And all the structures together make up the entire Spanish language. Once you've learned all the structures, all you have to do is insert different words into the slots and you have a sentence. These structures can also help to propel you to fluency. If you can manipulate the structures at high-speed, you can start to say anything you want without having to think about how to say it. In this course, we're going to learn structures six. And if you've learned structures one to five with the building structures and Spanish series, you'll already be familiar with the method used. So remember to keep your study time to chunks of 3 min. By doing this, there are three things that will happen. Firstly, you'll maintain your enthusiasm. Secondly, you will achieve more consistent studying. And thirdly, you'll get more effective memorization. So let's begin and learn all about structures six in Spanish. 2. 1a - structure 6 outline: Structure six is very similar to structures 1.3. The only difference is the infinitive carrier is in the conditional tense instead. Like structures 1.3, structures six consists of just three parts. And here is an example of it in use. They will study a command, K Tegucigalpa command. What would you like to eat? Let's break this structure down into its three components and give each component and name. So k is a question word, meaning what is the conditional infinitive carrier? And it means, Would you like? And then come air is the infinitive meaning to eat. So structures six is made up of a question word, a conditional infinitive carrier, and an infinitive. Get the goose diarrhea. Compare. What would you like to eat? Now, hopefully you remember what an infinitive carrier is from structures 1.3, but if not, here's a quick reminder. Infinitive carrier is any word. You can put an infinitive on the end of the infinitive carriers. We learned in structure one, we're all in the present tense. We had where they'll, Europe, where they'll, meaning can I wear they will step where they can use key Eddie, hosted key Eddie. Do you want but are hosted by our Are you going dabble? Your double? Meaning do I have to or must die? And Debbie, Debbie, do you have to or must you. And then the infinitive carriers we learnt in structure three were all in the past tense. We had Badia, step podia. Could you Gettier? Boosted carrier. Meaning did you want Eva? Eva, are you going? Debbie? Debbie. Meaning did I have to and Divya? Or Divya, meaning did you have to. So those were the infinitive carriers that we learned in structure one and structure three. Well Instructure six, the infinitive carriers we're going to learn, we'll all be in the conditional tense. 3. 1b - changing question word: The first part of structure six was the question word. And we've already seen the question words five times now in structures one to five. So hopefully you know them already. How do you say in Spanish where? Normally? What? At what time? I can order. When quandl how? Como. Which? Y? How much quanto. How many cantos? How long, or how much time? Quanto tempo. Who or whom. Just like with the other structures, we can change any of the three parts in structure six. So they go study or compare their means. What would you like to eat? Well, instead of saying k at the start, which means what? We could change it to don their meaning where? Don they take Osteria, calm air. Where would you like to eat? So we've only changed the question would get done, they take Osteria compare. What would you like to eat? Where would you like to eat? Instead of saying Don Day, we could change it to quandl, meaning when quandl, they go study a quadratic Osteria command means when would you like to eat? So all we've changed is the question, where did the rest of the question doesn't change at all? The steady part is the same throughout history. Don't they take Osteria, quandl, take Osteria, compare. Only the word at the start changes. What would you like to eat? Where would you like to eat? When would you like to eat? 4. 2a - question words and infinitives: There are three parts to structure six. The question where the infinitive carrier in the conditional tense and the infinitive. We already know the question words and we have a good collection of infinitives. How did you say in Spanish? Where? None there. What at what time? I k order. When? Quandl how? Como. Which why? For k? How much? Quanto, how many quantiles? How long, or how much time? Quanto tempo. Who or whom? C0 n. Now let's go over some of the more common infinitives that we've been using in this series. How do you say in Spanish to eat, to drink, bear, bear, to order. Pay the year, to try to pay. By God to do or to make. I said to hire, to go ear, to take Tamar, to have Dan air to change. Can be hard. By far. To start. Comments are to be sad or estar, to leave or to go out. Sally year. To bring, to spend as in, to spend money, to spend as in to spend time. Bizarre. To see. Bear, to call EMR, to stay. Get added. To find. In contrast to say or to tell. This year. 5. 2b - te gustaría: We already know all the question words and the infinitives. But what about the infinitive carriers in the conditional tense? Well, so far we've seen Daegu study, yeah, they will study, yeah. Which means would you like? But before we delve deeper into the origins of that phrase, Let's just quickly learn a small handful of conditional tense infinitive carriers that we can use straight away to build our sentences. Podria. Podria means could you or would you be able to podria? They lose that year. They will study. Yeah. We've already had and it means would you like Deb areas? The various means should you? We've got both areas. They will start here, and Deb areas. And you can put any infinitives on the end of those. So how would you say, what would you like to bring a triad? Triad. When should you leave? Cuando the various cellular quandl, the various Sally. What would you like to do? I said Okay. I said What should you do? The various areas. Where should you go? The various ear. The ear. So don't forget when you're asking where the verb is to go, you have to say to where to where should you go, which is in Spanish, add-on. They add on the various ear. Whom would you like to call? Again, they go stereoisomer. Again, the goose diarrhea, EMR. In Spanish, the personal, or has to go in front of people's names or anytime you're referring to a person. So when you say whom would you like to call the whom is referring to a person? So you have to say Archean. Again. They go study EMR. 6. 2c - podrías: By building the questions using structure six, you'll not only get yourself more familiarized with the vocabulary and the structure, but you'll also, without even trying, reduce the time it takes for you to string a sentence together in Spanish. So let's make a few more practice questions. How would you say, Where would you like to stay? Don't they? Don't they take Osteria KR. When would you like to eat? Cuando. Cuando. What could you do? How much should you pay? Quantile, the various PAGA, quanto, the various bag. What would you like to say? Why would you like to leave? What should you do? The various the various assays. Where would you like to wait? Don't they take Osteria SPR the only way I could you eat. Don't they podria? Don't they podria compare. 7. 2d - deberías: So just to recap, we've had podria pod areas. Meaning could you or would you be able to take Osteria? Daegu, South Korea? Meaning Would you like? And Debbie. Debbie areas, which means should you. These are the first three infinitive carriers in the conditional tense that we can use to make sentences in structure six. So you can put a question wait in front of them, and an infinitive after them. And we can form our own questions. So if you haven't done already, write those three infinitive carriers down for 3 h. Could you good idea? Would you like and they better, yes. Should you? So how would you say when would you like to go out? Quandl, Daegu? Stereocilia. Stereocilia. How much could you bring? Quanto podria as triad? Quanto podria, stray air. What color would you like to buy? Geico? Gecko check. How would you like to pay homozygous diarrhea by God? What could you buy? Podria. Get podria. Where would you like to go? I'd only add on the stereo ear. Why should you go? For the various ear? The various ear. 8. 2e - practice questions: How would you say in Spanish, whom should you call? Aki in their various EMR? Again, the various EMR. Which house would you like to buy? Gaza. Gaza. So generally in Spanish, you say what house rather than which house. You can say quite Casta. But it's more common to hear and use get Gaza. Gaza, they go steady or combat. Literally, what house would you like to buy? How would you say, Why would you like to go? They go study a year. They go stereo ear. How much money would you like to spend? Quantile the narrow, they will study a gas star quantity narrow. Take Osteria gas star. Where could you wait? Don't they podria SPR don't they podria es para. Where should you wait? Don't they? Don't they They various SPR. What would you like to try? Okay. 9. 2f - practice questions: How would you say in Spanish, which car would you like to higher? Kcat. Kcat. They go study. Again. In Spanish. You say, what car rather than which car. If you said quiet co-chair, you won't be understood. But Gekko t is more commonly used. Gigawatts it they go stereo, alkyl. How would you say which car could you hire? Gecko tape. Audrey has alkene gecko tape, podria alkyl OR what would you like to take? What should you change? Deb areas can be at the various camp. Where could you stay? Don't they? Don't they podria scale. What would you like to find? In contrast? They go study. In contrast. What would you like to say? Get the goose study at this year? This year. 10. 3a - manipulating structure 6: You can manipulate structure six in many different ways, just like you could with structures one to five, you can take certain bits out to make different types of questions. You don't always have to stick all three parts together to form a question. Let's see what happens when you don't put the question, where does it start? How would you say in Spanish? Would you like to eat? Daegu study, where they go study? So all we have in this question is the infinitive carrier. And the infinitive, we've taken the question word away from the start. They go study a commander. Would you like to eat? You can add extra bits of information to the end and say things like, Would you like to eat here? Would you like to pay back? They go, Sorry. Could you pay the bill for me? Podria spaghetti La Quinta but amine. So you can see that we don't have to put a question word at the start of these questions. Similarly, we don't have to put an infinitive on the end. You could just use the question word and the infinitive carrier, e.g. how would you say what would you like? Getting Osteria get the gold star? Yeah. Normally structure six is made up of three parts, e.g. they go study. Who study or Compare means, what would you like to eat? And it's made up of the word get, meaning, what is the question word? Osteria, which means Would you like? And this is a conditional infinitive carrier. And then you can put an infinitive on the end, e.g. come air, meaning to eat, gate that goes diarrhea. Compare what would you like to eat. And also just like with the other structures, you can add the optional fourth part, which is the extra information, e.g. they go study or command S, the naughty, naughty. What would you like to eat tonight? 11. 3b - as a non-question: Another way that we can manipulate this structure is by turning it into a non question. So just a normal sentence. Let's compare a question and a non question in the structure six format. The various assays get the various asset. That's a question meaning, what should you do? Get the various asset? Now let's look at a non question. The various ear, super Mercado. The various ear are super Mercado. You should go to the supermarket. So there are various mean should you in the question. But then you can see in the non question, it means you should get there very as I said, what should you do? The various supermodel cattle, you should go to the supermarket. Let's look at some other examples of debias as a non question. Their various camera key areas. Commander, a key. You should eat here. The various bear up Pedro de Maria's. Better at Pedro. You should see Pedro. Deb areas here among the various ear, a mother if you should go to Madrid. So the infinitive carrier debit means, should you a question, but you should in a non question. Let's look at the three infinitive carriers we've learnt so far in the question format and then turn them into non questions in English. In Spanish, they stay the same. So podria S. S means could you or would you be able to go study? Yeah. They go study. Means would you like Deb areas? The various means, should you? So that's the three infinitive carriers as questions. As non questions we get Bob areas, podria S, which means you could, or you would be able to take Osteria means you would like. And the various, the various means you should say you can see how the Spanish doesn't change at all. You say podria as a question and the non question that goes diarrhea is the same as a question and an unquestioned. And so as Deb areas. But in English, we change them. So could you become zoo code? Would you like? You would like? And should you, you should. This just makes it easier for us learning Spanish because it means we haven't got to change anything. How would you say in Spanish? You should buy something here for Pedro de barriers camaraderie Albuquerque. But at Pedro de barriers comprised oligarchy by Pedro. 12. 3c - practice sentences: How would you say in Spanish? You could buy it tomorrow? Podria as comparable Mariana, but various comparator la manana. So the word law means it, and you can hook it onto the end of the infinitive is to by law, to buy it. How would you say, you could see it? Bellow. Bellow. And what's interesting about Spanish is that actually you could take almost any sentence, put a question mark at the end and an upside down question mark at the start and turn it into a question. So you could see it, is podria better law, but bedroom. But if we put question marks around it, we get various Bellow. Bellow. Which means could you see it? Probably has better. It's just the way you say it. Podria Bellow. Bellow. How would you say you should pay the bill? Deb areas, PAGA Quinta. They Quinta. You could buy something at the supermarket. But re-ask algo, Superman cattle boundary as compared, algo are super Mercado. You should buy some cheese. Deb areas compare guess so they vary as combat guess. So you should be here early. There are various data, Qi, Dan Brown, debias, stata qui tam piano. So that's the sixth Spanish structure in a non question form. There are various commands. You should eat here. It's made up of the conditional infinitive carrier. In this instance, the various meaning you showed. Then an infinitive come air, meaning eat or to eat. And then you can add extra information to the end if you want a key, e.g. means here, the various AKI you should eat here. 13. 4a - gustar: So far, we've only looked at the infinitive carriers in the conditional for u, we had podria, which was could you or would you be able to? Osteria means Would you like? And their various means, should you? You'll notice that they end in the letters I AS or IA, and there's an accent on the letter I. So they end in the sound ear or ES. So they go, stria means would you like? But where does it come from? Well, it actually comes from the verb Gustaf. Gustaf, which sort of means to like. It's an unusual verb in Spanish, it literally means to please. The phrase Daegu study, yeah, literally means it would please you. Let's have a look at the verb Goldstar conjugated into the conditional. We have megastar, yeah, Meg Osteria, which means I would like all literally, it would please me. They go steadier. Steadier. You would like or it would please. You. Lego steadier. Lego stria. He would like, or literally it would please him. Lego stria. Lego stria can also mean she would like literally it would please her. And Lego study. A Lego study can also mean you would like in the singular form or version of saying you are literally it means it would please you. So Lego Osteria has three different translations. He would like she would like and you would like no school stria, not moose diarrhea means we would like or it would please us. Oscar study or school stria. You would like, or it would please you. Less CUSD area, less goose. That means they would like or it would please them. And let's go study or less cause diarrhea can also mean you would like or it would please. You say you'll notice how they all end in the same word, go study. Yeah, it's just the word at the start that changes. Megastar. Yeah. Daegu, South Korea. Lego stria, Lego study a Lego stria. No school stereo or schools diarrhea. Let's go study and less cool stereo. And they mean, I would like you would like he would like she would like you would like we would like you would like they would like and you would like, but literally it means it would please me or you or him, et cetera. So that's the verb goof star in the conditional. 14. 4b - a él, a ella, a usted: We've just seen the verb Gustaf, which means to like or to please, conjugated in the conditional tense. It was Meg Osteria. They boost area, lego, stereo like Osteria, like Osteria, Moscow, stria, Osteria, less cause diarrhea and less coast area. Meaning I would like you would like he would like she would like you would like we would like you would like they would like and you would like. Now you let us how the goose diarrhea part is the same throughout. It's simply the word in front of that changes. This is something that's unique to the verb Goldstar. The rest of the conditional infinitive carriers that we're going to be looking at don't follow this rule. It's only the verb golf star that does it. Now you might also have noticed that leg Osteria can mean he would like, she would like and also you would like. So how would you know the difference? Well, most of the time you can tell from the context, but if it isn't clear, there is something that you can use to help. You can add the phrase at L. L in front of Lego steadier and you get Lego stria. This means specifically he would like The literally means to him. Because don't forget, go star can mean to like or to please. Our Lego stria means it would be pleasing to Him. So you can add the optional or L in front of Lego steadier. And it means he would like, you can put our agar agar in front of Lego study area. And it would mean specifically, she would like a Lego study. Yeah. Literally to her, it would be pleasing. Or a Lego study or the R, L and R are optional and only needed if it's not clear as to whether Lego steadier, It's referring to he or she, or even you. And you'll see that after our L and R, You should put a comma in writing. So it's an L comma Lego study or a comma Lego stria. Finally, if you want it to mean specifically, you would like, then you can say, I will save our Lego steadier. State. Lego study means you would like literally to you, it will be pleasing. So Lego study by itself can mean he would like, she would like or he would like. But you can place an L in front of glycosuria to mean he would like. Ada makes it into she would like and I'll step makes it into you would like. But these are optional and you only use them if it's unclear as to whom you're speaking about. 15. 4c - a ellos, a ustedes: So you can place our area or death in front of Lego steadier to make it clear as to whether you're talking about he, she, or you. The same is true for less cost area. Because less cool study can mean they would like or you would like. You can add things to the start to clarify. So if you wanted to clarify that, you mean they would like, you can add an alias to the start or a less good idea. Let's boost area. Means they would like literally to them, it would be pleasing. And the same rule about the comment applies here too. You put a comma, less good idea. If you want to clarify that you're specifically talking about you in Let's go steadier. You can put a status at the start. I will status. Let's go study. I will status less goose diarrhea means you would like. Finally, I just wanted to remind you of the four different ways to say you in Spanish. If you look back at the conjugation table, we have Daegu study, a Lego stria, Osteria, and less cool study. And they can all mean you would like Daegu steadier is the singular, informal way of saying you would like. You can use this when you're speaking to one person and you know them quite well. So you can speak informally or in a friendly way. They will study a Lego steadier means you would like in the singular formal way of saying you, you can use this when you're speaking to one person and you want to be a bit more polite, or you don't want to use a familiar, friendly tone because you want to show a certain level of respect. So that's legal study are normally you use this with strangers or with people who are older than you. Or school steadier means you would like in the plural, in formal. You can use it when you're speaking to more than one person and you know them all, and you wanted to speak in a friendly, familiar way. That's our school study. And then let's go study. Is the plural formal. So this is just the plural version of Lego study. So let's go stereo means you would like when you're speaking to more than one person and you don't know them, or you want to use a more polite way of speaking, that's less good study. So take Osteria, Lego study or school study and less CUSD area. If in doubt, I would always say use the formal ways of speaking more than the informal ways of speaking because that way you will never offend somebody. You're not going to offend somebody by being too polite. And if they want you to use the informal way, they will tell you, please use the informal way. So stick with Lego study for speaking to one person and less coastal area. If you're speaking to more than one person, unless you are sure that you can use the informal ways of speaking. So they go study a Lego Star or schools diarrhea and less coastal area. All mean you would like. 16. 4d - deber: How would you say in Spanish? He would like to leave Lego stereocilia. Stereocilia. She would like to help. Lego stria. I knew that. I Lego stria. I knew that they would like to come with us. Let's go study about near con nosotros. Les go study. I've been here. He would like to eat here. Lego stria come Iraqi. So that was good star in the conditional tense. But I said that it's an unusual verb because it was good idea all the way through. The word at the start, may lay, et cetera, are the only things that change. Let's now look at another infinitive carrier verb. And you'll see that this one has different endings throughout. We've already had Debbie. Debbie areas, which means should you or you should in an unquestioned. Well, there are various comes from the verb debit, debit, which means to have to debit. So let's have a look at the full conjugation of the verb. In the conditional tense. Deb area. Your Deb area. I should debit to the various You should debit Maria. Maria. He showed the barrier. The barrier. She showed that area. The area. You should debit memos, nosotros, diarrhea most we should. Their very eyes. Vosotros, their very eyes. You should. Darian. Darian, they showed and Debian status. Debian. You should say, you'll see how the endings for this verb are different throughout Deb area. There are various diarrhea. Diarrhea. Diarrhea. Diarrhea, most DBAs. Darian. Darian, meaning I should use should he, should, she should use, should. We should use, should, they should, and you should. So that's the web dev add meaning to have two in the conditional. And now you'll start to notice how strange English is because the verb to have two in the conditional becomes should. But that's just a quirk of English. So we don't need to worry about that. 17. 4e - conditional endings: We've just seen debited in the conditional. And it was diarrhea. The various diarrhea, diarrhea, diarrhea. Diarrhea. Most diarrhea is Darian. Darian, meaning I should use should he, should, she should use, should we should use, should they should use should. You can see the endings are different all the way through. The endings. Or IA, IA, IA, IA, IA, IA, MOS IS IN, IN. And there's an accent on the eye all the way through. The ending is our ear. Yes. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Yeah. Most EIA's EN, EN, the accent on the I means you have to stress that letter. Now you might want to write those endings down somewhere because they're going to be the endings that we use for all the infinitive carriers in this course, except for Goldstar. And those endings will also come in handy in a further course when we learn about a structure that uses the conditional tense for normal verbs. We've now had to infinitive carriers in the conditional tense. Let's just have a quick look at them as questions. Go star, which means to like, in a question format, goes Meg Osteria. Meg Osteria. Would I like take Osteria? Take Osteria. Would you like Lego stereo? Lego stria. Would he like Lego stria? Lego stria. Would she like Lego Osteria? Lego study? Yeah. Would you like nosql, stria, Osteria? Would we like Osteria? Osteria. Would you like? Let's go stria. Let's go study or would they like and let's go sorry. Yeah. Let's go study. Yeah. Would you like? And then we have the verb, which means to have two. And in the conditional tense as a question, we get the barrier. The barrier should i their various to the various should You should he? Did. Ada the barrier. The barrier. Who stayed diarrhea, should you? They're very MOs nosotros, estamos. Should we? Their very eyes both across the various. Should you debit AOCI, Nabataean? Should they? They Varian? Who status? Debian, should you? So we can now slot any of those into the middle section of structure six. We put a question word than any of these infinitive carriers, and then an infinitive. And we have a structure six question. 18. 4f - practice sentences: How would you say in Spanish, how would he like to pay Como leg Osteria Bogata? I go more like Osteria. So if you want to add the Stele AS or Alastair this to the front of Lego study or less cool study are normally it goes in front of the question word. So how would he like to pay? So we have the question word como, the infinitive carrier, Lego set here, and the infinitive bugger. How would you ask where should they go? They vary and ear add-on. The Aosta, very unclear. Again, when you're talking about where something should go or where something is going, you put in front of Don Day because literally you have to say to where should they go, add-on they Debian year, or add-on they Debian ear. So when you use the subject pronouns, your two boosted vosotros, nosotros, status, and a IOS. Then you can put them directly in front of the infinitive carrier, AOC, Darien. How would you say What should we do? Kay? Kay. Nosotros, diarrhea, most asset. Why should I see Pedro de Maria bear a bedroom per K? Your diarrhea better, Pedro? What could she do for us? Podria cell para nosotros. Podria paranasal trust. What would they like to do tomorrow? Careless cuz diarrhea. I said Mariana. Ios, less CUSD area as their Mariana. What time should we leave? They vary. 19. 4g - gustar and deber recap: So just to recap, so far, we've seen two full infinitive carriers in the conditional tense. We had Gu star, which means to like. And then the conditional, it goes Meg Osteria. Meg Osteria. Would I like the idea? They will start here. Would you like Lego Syria? Lego study? Yeah. Would he like Legos, diarrhea, leg Osteria. Would she like Lego Osteria? Leg Osteria. Would you like? No schools, diarrhea, nausea, diarrhea. Would we like Osteria? Osteria. Would you like? Let's go start here. Let's go stria. Would they like? And let's go start here. Let's go study. Yeah. Would you like? And because Legos, diarrhea can mean three different things and less good stereo can mean two different things. We can add to the start of them, little extras. So we can say lego stria, to mean would he like a Lego Osteria? Would she like Lego study? Yeah. Would you like Let's go stria. Would they like? I will say this, Let's go stria, would you like? Then the second verb we looked at was debited, meaning to have to. And in the conditional, we get the barrier. The barrier, meaning should I did areas to the various should you Deb area L the barrier? Should he the barrier. The barrier. Should she diarrhea? Diarrhea. Should you. The very most nosotros, estamos should we? Debit is vosotros, diarrhea is, should you debit? Aoci, Nabataean? Should they WAN? Who status? They very often, should you. So if you look at the endings of this verb, you can see the verb that has on the end IA, IA, IA, IA, IA, IA MOS. A IES. In IN ear? Yes. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. Most EIA's EN EN and this is the bit that we need to learn in order to turn the other infinitive carriers into the conditional tense. 20. 4h - poder: Let's have a look at one more infinitive carrier in the conditional. Since you already know how to say that you form in each of the infinitive carriers. Or you have to do is remove the IAS from the end and add these endings instead. We add ear. Yes. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Yeah, most EIA's EN EN e.g. we knew that Deb areas meant should you well, all we did was take off the IAS from the end of Dev areas and we were left with the bear. We then just put the different endings onto the end of that. And we ended up with diarrhea. Should i their various should you Deb area? Should he showed she Deb area? Should you debit EMOs? Should we debit the eyes? Should you, Debian, should they? And Debian should you. Well, the third infinitive carrier that we had earlier on was podria. Areas, which meant Could you we have to do then is removed the IA s from the end. And we can add those conditional tense endings. And we'll end up with podria. Your podria, meaning could I bought areas to podria? Could you? Podria. Podria. Could he? Podria. Podria. Could see podria. Who stayed podria? Could you? Podria most. Nosotros, podria most. Could we raise both otros padres? Could you? Patreon. Patreon. Could they? And Patreon. Patreon means could you. And the verb that these all come from is there. For there, which means to be able. As a non question, the translations would be podria. Your podria means I could podria. To podria. You could podria L podria. He could. Podria. Ar podria. She could. Podria. Stead podria. You could podria most. Nosotros, podria most. We could portray eyes. Vosotros podria is you could. Patreon. Patreon. They could. And Patreon. Patreon. You could. 21. 4i - podría vs podía: How would you say in Spanish? I could see Pedro tomorrow. Podria bear a bedroom. Mariana. Your podria bear a bedroom. Mariana. What could we do there? K podria. Nosotros podria. Could they help? Patreon? I do that. Aosp podria. And what could he do? Cape Audrey acid. Now, there is a funny thing about the word could, in English, it can be translated into Spanish in two different ways. You might have already been thinking, I'm sure we learned how to say could when we looked at the third structure. Well, that's because we did. We looked at the verb, which means to be able. When we did structure three, we learned via your Podia. I could for the S tuple the US. You could pull the elbow there. He could. Baldia Ada. She could. Instead. Here. You could put the Ahmose nosotros pajamas. We could pull the eye is vosotros podia is, you could put the n AOSP Odeon. They could and put the n. Who stays put the n. You could. So what's the difference between your Podia and your podria? Seeing as they both mean, I could bolivia versus podria or your poly-A versus your podria. Bodya. And podria both mean I could, but when do you use each one? Well, if you look at this sentence, it might help to make sense of it all. I couldn't do it yesterday, but I could do it tomorrow. I couldn't do it yesterday, but I could do it tomorrow. The first code or couldn't, in this case, is talking about the past, whereas the second code is not talking about the past. So here's how you would say it in Spanish. Not both via acetyl-CoA. Better podria, acellular Mariana. You're nobody better, podria, nana. You use Badia for the first chord, which is the past tense. And you use podria for the second code, which is the conditional. If you're clearly talking about an event that happened in the past, you use Podia, DHEA, which we learned in structure three. But for everything else, you use podria, which is the conditional version that we're using in this sixth structure. So Badia, talking about the past. Podria isn't talking about the past. And that's the difference between the two goods. In English. You could say, I couldn't do it. And if you're talking about the past, it means you weren't able to do it. But if you're not talking about the past, it means that you wouldn't be able to do it. E.g. I. Couldn't do it tomorrow. I wouldn't be able to do it tomorrow. The past tense is bodyA, and the non passive version is podria. So how would you say he couldn't help yesterday? Are argue that no podia argue that. It's clearly talking about the past since we use the word yesterday. So that's why we say Badia. He could help tomorrow. Podria, IU data manana, el podria, either Mariana. This one isn't talking about the past since we're using the word tomorrow. So we can use podria, meaning literally, he would be able to help tomorrow. 22. 4j - recap of infinitive carriers: How would you say in Spanish? They could stay here next week. Bodleian. Any AOSP, Adrian, good Iraqi. Last time I gave DNA. I couldn't understand Petra yesterday. Not Badia comprehend. There are Pedro a year. You're not podia comprehend era Pedro. We use the Podia version when we're talking about the past. But anyway, as well as the two different chords, we've learned three conditional infinitive carriers in this course so far. Go star means to like, and it goes Meg Osteria. Would I like that idea? Would you like Lego Osteria? Would he like Lego study? Would she like? Lego steadier? Can also mean would you like Nazgul stria? Would we like our schools diarrhea? Would you like? Let's go study or would they like and less cause diarrhea? It can also mean, would you like? Then we learned the web dev error, which means to have two. And in the conditional it goes Never area. Your dev area, should I the various areas, should you the barrier. The barrier. Should he diarrhea? Diarrhea? Should she? Instead the barrier? Should you. The very, most nosotros, the variables. Should we? Their very eyes, both across their very eyes. Should you? Marion? Marion, should they, and Darian. Darian, should you. Then finally, we'll end the verb, which means to be able. And in the conditional it goes podria. Your podria. Could I bought areas to P3s? Could you podria. L podria. Could he podria. Ada podria. Could she? Podria. Who stayed? Podria? Could you but Ramos? Nosotros podria most Could. We podria is both otros padres. Could you Patreon. Patreon. Could they? Patreon. Patreon. Could you 23. 5a - turning it all negative: There's one more useful thing that you can do to this structure quiet easily and that's make it negative. You can change the infinitive carriers from positive to negative. In English just by putting the N apostrophe T after the verb. E.g. what should you do becomes, what shouldn't you do? Could I go with you? Why couldn't I go with you? When would you like to do it? When wouldn't you like to do it? In English? Should becomes, shouldn't. Code, becomes couldn't, and would becomes wouldn't. Well, it's just a simple in Spanish to have to do to turn the infinitive carriers negative is put the word not in front of it. E.g. they vary as to the various means. Should you, in the negative, you get to know the various shouldn't you? You can do this with any of the infinitive carriers. Let's have a look at the verb Gu star, meaning to like in the negative question. Not like Osteria. Nutmeg, Osteria. Wouldn't I like not take Osteria. Not they go Sorry. Yeah. Wouldn't you like not equal stria? I wouldn't he like knowledge. Knowledge. Osteria. Wouldn't she like no Lego stria. Non-legal. Stria. Wouldn't do like non-smooth stria. No, not good study. Wouldn't we like no Osteria. North Korea. Wouldn't you like? Now let's boost area, AOC knowledge, goose diarrhea, Wouldn't they like? No, let's boost area. I will steadies knowledge boost area, wouldn't you like? So that's good star in the negative question. Let's look at DevOps, meaning to have to know that area. You're nodding area. Shouldn't I know they're very anxious to know the various shouldn't you know that area? Not a barrier, shouldn't he? Not a barrier. A barrier. Shouldn't. She? Nodded. Barea. Who said, no, they shouldn't you? Not every amus, nosotros, not the very, most. Shouldn't we know their very eyes. Both authors, not their very eyes, shouldn't you? Shouldn't they? And not librarian. Who status, not the variant, shouldn't do. 24. 5b - negative questions: Now let's look at par there as a negative question. Means to be able. And we get no podria. Y'know, podria couldn't tie. Not bother yes. To nobody S couldn't, you know, podria. No, podria. Couldn't he? No. Podria. No podria. Couldn't she? No podria. No podria. Couldn't, you know, podria most nosotros? No podria most couldn't. We know poetry, ice, vosotros, not watery eyes. Couldn't you know, patreon. Napoleon, couldn't they know patreon status? No, Patreon, couldn't you? So how would you say in Spanish, Why couldn't I go with you? No podria ear container per K y'know, podria ear canal stealth. No, podria ear drops per y'know, podria ear status. What shouldn't you bring? Not the various dry air. Dry air. Is dry air. Not Adrian. Triad. Shouldn't you buy something for Maria? Now the various compression algebra, Maria, Maria, comrade algebra, Maria, maria is completed algebra, Maria. They're very uncompetitive algebra, Maria. And if you do use the subject pronouns, which are optional in Spanish, you place them in front of the non negative. So you will say to know the various components, algebra maria, who's dead, not a very accomplished algebra, Maria, most authors, not the barrier is completed alpha-beta Maria status, not Iberian competitor, algebra Maria. How would you say whom shouldn't I call? Again? Not every IMR. Again, you're not every AMR. 25. 5c - negative non-questions: How would you say why couldn't he do it tomorrow? But again, no podria piano per K L. No podria piano. Why wouldn't they like to go to Madrid? K Knowledge school study or a mother, if I am not as good study or era Madrid. Which car shouldn't she? By Keko, Medea, combat, kickoff che, not every a comparator. Now you can also turn the non question infinitive carriers negative just by putting the word no in front of the verb as well. Podria. Your podria means I could. In the negative, you say no, podria. You're not podria. I couldn't say. You can see how you have to put the word. You're the subject pronoun in front of the null. So let's have a look at the verb Gu star, meaning to like in the negative non question. No, my ghost idea. I wouldn't like not a good idea. You wouldn't like not a good idea or not a good idea. He wouldn't like knowledge Osteria. Our knowledge Osteria. She wouldn't like not like Osteria. I will state non-legal stria. You wouldn't like none of moose diarrhea means we wouldn't like? No, of course, diarrhea. You wouldn't like knowledge goose diarrhea are not as good as diarrhea means they wouldn't like. And then we have not. Let's go study. I will say this, not less cool study. Meaning you wouldn't like in the plural. There, there means to have two. As a negative non question, we get not debit. Yeah. Y'know, Deb area. I shouldn't know the various to know the various. You shouldn't know diarrhea, a gNodeB area. He shouldn't know diarrhea, nausea, diarrhea. She shouldn't. No idea. Who said no diarrhea. You shouldn't know the very most nosotros, not every Ahmose. We shouldn't, not their very eyes. Muscle cross, not their very eyes. You shouldn't know the median AOC, not Iberian. They shouldn't know the Varian who status, not diabetic when you shouldn't. 26. 5d - practise with negatives: Let's have a look now at are there in the negative non question. So what that means to be able and we get no podria. You're no podria. I couldn't not bother yes. To no podria. You couldn't? No podria. No podria. He couldn't. No podria. Ar no podria. She couldn't. No podria. Who said no podria? You couldn't? No podria most. Nosotros. No podria most. We couldn't know podria is vosotros? No, podria is you couldn't no podria. Aoc, not Patreon. They couldn't know patreon status? No, Patreon. You couldn't. So how would you say in Spanish? I couldn't do it tomorrow. No. Podria acellular Mariana. You're not podria cellular Mariana. So don't forget that could also mean I wouldn't be able to do it tomorrow. No, podria acellular Mariana. I wouldn't like to eat the chocolate. Gnomic Osteria commit it took a lot. They know my goose diarrhea, compare it to hold that day. I shouldn't spend too much money. No diarrhea, gas, star, Damasio really narrow. You're not a very, I guess that the mosquito, the nato, you shouldn't call Petro. Not the various Yamada Pedro know they barrier EMR a bedroom. No diarrhea is Yamada bedroom. No Debian? Emr, a bedroom. They wouldn't like to eat here. Now let's boost diarrhea camera key. As knowledge gooseberry, Iraqi. I wouldn't like to hire it. I would like to buy it. No, my good study or alkyl Arlo, amigos diarrhea, compare law. No omega-3s. Omega-3s, Comparative Law. 27. 6a - question word recap: Let's do a quick recap of all the question words, all the infinitive carriers in the conditional, and all the infinitives that we've been looking at in this course. How do you say in Spanish, where? Non day. What? At what time? When? Cuando how? Como? Which? Why? K? How much quanto how many quantiles? How long or how much time? Quantity, MPO. Who or whom? Kian. I would like. Megastar. Yeah. You would like in the singular informal. There goes that he would like lego Star. Yeah. She would like Lego stria. You would like in the singular formal. Legos, diarrhea. We would like. Nothing good idea. You would like in the informal plural. Osteria. They would like. Let's go study. You would like in the formal plural. Let's go start here. I should debit your dev area. You should, in the singular informal Dev areas to the various he showed the barrier. The barrier. She should debit AR Deb area. You should in the singular formal Deb area. Deb area. We should debit EMOs, nosotros. They vary amongst. You showed in the informal plural. Their very eyes, vosotros, their very eyes. 28. 6b - infinitive carriers recap: How would you say in Spanish, they should debit AOCI, the Varian. You should, in the plural, formal debit status. The Maryann. I could podria. Your podria. You could in the singular, informal to podria as he could. Adria, L podria. She could. Podria, Asia podria. You could in the singular formal. Podria. Who stayed podria? We could put Ramos, nosotros podria most you could in the plural, informal. Vosotros podria is they could barbarian, use Patreon. You could, in the plural, formal barbarian status, Patreon. How do you say to eat, to drink? Two order. To try to pay by God, to do or to make acid. To hire, to go. Ear, to take. Bomber. To have to change. Can be hard to buy. Compared to start. Comments are to be sad or estar. To leave or to go out here to bring dry air. To spend, spend money. To spend as in spend time. Bizarre. To see, bad, to call Yammer, to stay, to find. In contrast to tell or to say this year. 29. 6c - practice questions: How would you say in Spanish, What could you bring tomorrow? Kay? Podria Stryer Mariana gave podria dry air. Mariana. Podria is dry air. Manana. Piano. What could you eat at the hotel? Hello. Hello. Hello. Allo, tell you shouldn't spend too much money next week. No data areas and get started them as yellow in Aero, last amount of DNA to know the various gas that dema Seattle, the nato last name Anakin DNA. And it was too much to fit all of this in one slide. So you could also use Orsted and say, not a barrier gas, start them at Seattle, the nato less amount of DNA. Or you could use vosotros. Not the barrier is gas that Damasio De Niro, last segment of DNA. Or you could use or status not obedient gas that demonstrate yellowed in Aero last somatic DNA. How would you say, what would you like to see tomorrow evening? My nanopore legal study, a bad Mariana. Mariana. They get less good study about my nanopore Latter Day. When would he liked to go out? Quandl, Lego stereocilia. I can do I could bring some wine for Pedro later. Podria, try Urbino, parapet drama started De Ya podria triad B no-par a bedroom master. They could they eat at the hotel? Motel, AOSP podria uncomment Alcatel. 30. 6d - practice questions: How would you say in Spanish What time should he call Maria? Db area Yamada, Maria. Maria Yammer. And Maria, would you like to pay the bill? They go study up, I gotta Quinta leg Osteria Bogata la Quinta, or school study by guerrilla Quinta. Let's go stereo Bogata Quinta. Where should we go? Add-on the DBDR most ear. The ear. What time would you like to start next week? They go study or comments are less amount of DNA. Akira, Lego Syria comments are less amount of DNA. Osteria commence our last seminar. Give me any less boost area commensal, less amount of DNA. Which cakes would you like to try? It? Data test. Data. Guitar, bass, or smooth area probiotic. Get out at us. Let's go study abroad. And don't forget because Lego stria and less cool study or have various meanings, you can use the ousted, or I'll say this at the start to clarify, I will say the guitar does Lego study abroad bar. I will say this guitar has less goose diarrhea probiotics. Where would you like to eat tonight? Don't they take a sternotomy? Don't they? Lego is the Nazi. Don't they also boost area command is the naughty. Don't realize boost area command is the naughty. 31. 6e - practice questions: How would you say in Spanish, you could buy it tomorrow. But re-ask compatible Mariana podria comparable. Mariana podria is comparable. Mariana Baldry and comparator lumen Yana. Would you like to go out later? They go study. I study are mastered the Lego stereocilia remastered day or smooth area, cellular mass tardy, less cool study acellular mastered day. I should go out later. Dave, area Sally or mastered day. Your cellular mass today. Would you like to see it? Goose area bellow, Lego stereo, Barolo, school stereo bellow. I will say this less boost area below. Would you like to try it? They go, sorry, a probiotic. I will state Lego stereo. Boost area. I will say this less goods area. Which car would you like to hire? Gecko. They go, sorry, I'll get goatee, Lego stereo, alkalotic, Kcat it. Alkalotic Kcat. Say, Let's go study or alkyl. Whom would you like to see in Barcelona? Again, they go study about in Barcelona. Archean, Lego Syria bear in Barcelona. Archean, Osteria bear in Barcelona. Archean, less gooseberry, a bear in Barcelona. 32. 6f - practice questions: How would you say in Spanish, whom should we call in Madrid? Again, they vary and most Yammer in Madrid. Archean, nosotros, diarrhea, most Yammer in Madrid. Where could we eat in Valencia? Don't they? Podria Moscow Mayor in Beringia, don't they? Nosotros podria, Moscow Mayor in Valencia. I shouldn't be there. Early. Deb area is that I eat them Branum. Your diarrhea is that I eat them planner. You could bring it for Pedro. Podria striatal, low-power bedroom. But React triad, low-power bedroom. Podria is trial or para bedroom. Patreon, triad solo para bedroom. Or you can use the subject pronouns and say to podria, striatal Lapata, Pedro, who stayed podria trial or para bedroom. Most otros podria is trial or para bedroom. Steadies Patreon trial separate bedroom. They shouldn't wait here. No. Darien aspera key. Aoc, not Adrian aspera key. I should say something. Deb area decir algo. Yoda Maria decir algo. I would like to bring it for Pablo. Hello. Megan Osteria, trial parabola. I could start late tomorrow. Podria come inside them and Yana, your podria comments are tiled them and Yana. 33. 6g - practice questions: How would you say in Spanish? You could eat something at the restaurant. Podria compare algos restaurant. Podria comer, algo, Ristorante, podria East, Algoma, Ristorante, Baldry and I'll go I'll Ristorante. I should leave now. Our your hour. You should buy a souvenir in Madrid. The various compiler required though, and Madrid, the very end Madrid area is compiled in Madrid. In Madrid. You should be here tomorrow. The radius is data key, Mariana, Deb area is data key, Mariana is a Stata key, Mariana, DBD and stata qui Mariana. You could go to France. But re-ask either a fancier, podria era Francia. Podria is a Francia pedestrian era fancier. Or you can use the subject pronouns and say to podria, either francium, who stayed, podria, ear or francium. Most otros podria is a fancier. Status podria near a fancier. Why would they like to leave? Work? A less good stereocilia? Ios per k. Let's go study as a leader. You couldn't buy it in Spain. No podria as comparable and Espana. No podria comparable en espanol. No podria is comparative law and Espana. No podria and Comparative Law and Espana. 34. 6h - practice questions: How would you say in Spanish? She would like to say something. Lego stria decir algo, Lego study. You should bring it with you. The various trial of contiguous. They bury a triad. The triad look on vosotros, Debian, dryer, local news status. I would like to eat something. Meg Osteria, Camille algorithm may go study or commit algorithm. How would you say you shouldn't spend too much money using the informal singular. Know the various guest star, Damasio, the narrow. To know the various gas star demo Seattle the narrow. I should find the hotel now. Deb area in contrast. Your day barrier, in contrast, Yellow Tail hour. I could change it later. Podria can be our low-mass star there. Your podria can be added low-mass stars day. How would you say you shouldn't buy too much using the informal singular? Northern areas compared them to know the various compiler Demasio. I could buy something here. Podria compare Albuquerque. Your podria compare algos, AKI. 35. 6i - practice questions: How would you say in Spanish, you could buy it in Avila. Rodriguez Cabrillo in Avila. Podria comparable in Avila. Podria is compatible enabler. But Brianne, Comparative Law in Avila. I should drink something. Data area, baby alga, you're diarrhea by their algorithm. I could bring everything with me tonight. Podria triad, total amigo es Dann naughty. Your podria triad, amigo es Dann of j. You should buy something for Maria. Deb areas combat algebra. Maria Dave area, comparative, algo patho Maria, DB area is comprised algebra. Maria. Maria. I would like to buy it for you. Meg Osteria, comrade, low parity, megawatts diarrhea compatible, but I will state megawatts data comparable. Barabbas, otros make Osteria compare low-power status. I would like to buy it for Miguel. Make Osteria comparable parameter yell, megawatts, diarrhea, comparable parameter. He could buy it for me tomorrow. Podria, Manana, piano. 36. 6j - practice questions: How would you say in Spanish? I would like to see Larry AKA tomorrow. Megawatts area, bare, Mariana, make Osteria bad audio, hum and Yana. You should call Miguel deb areas EMR Amiga. They bury a Yammer Amiga. Deb area is Yamato Amiga. They vary. And Yamada Miguel, I should call Miguel tomorrow. The barrier, Yamada Miguel Mariana, your EMR Amiga Mariana. I would like to spend three weeks there. Megacity, I pass out and press N minus i e. Meglio study episodic Tressie minus e. I should order the chicken for Pedro de Berry. Elbow your bedroom, your elbow, your para Pedro. I could change the reservation. Podria can be added. Lara serovar. Your podria can be added. Laura, Sara. I should go. Deb area ear, your ear. You should eat something. Deb areas commander algorithm, the algorithm, the algorithm, the algorithm. Or you can use this object pronouns and say to the various algorithms. Boosted diarrhea, comer algo, vosotros, diarrhea is committed, algorithm. Status, diabetic, coma, algol. 37. 6k - practice questions: How would you say in Spanish, could you buy something here? Has comparable oligarchy. Podria comrade oligarchy. Podria is comprised oligarchy. Oligarchy. He could do it later. Podria, I said low-mass star today. All podria, low-mass star today. You should be in Salamanca tomorrow. Dbt as a star in Salamanca, manana. The barrier a star in Salamanca Mariana. Deb area is a star in Salamanca, Mariana. They bury and a star in Salamanca, Mariana. They would like to start soon. Let's go study a iOs, less cool study. You could buy something at the hotel. Podria compression algorithm. Allo tell podria compiler algo alone. Podria is comparative. Algo, Alcatel, Patreon compare algos, allo tail. You could bring it for Diego badda, Diego badda. Diego podria is trial Oprah, Diego Patreon triad. Diego. Why would you like to change? It? Can be alone. I will stay poor. Kayla goose area can be alone. For k or schools, diarrhea can be analog. I will say this for k. Let's go. Stria can be analog. 38. 6l - practice questions: How would you say in Spanish? I could help Maria. Podria IU data Maria. You're podria IU that I'm Maria. I should be in Malaga now. Deb area a star in Malaga. Our Yoda very I started in Malaga. Our why couldn't you come with us? No podria spend here can also trust. But no podria veneer can also throws. No podria expenditure per K. No podria and many are colossal throws. I couldn't buy it today. No podria compatible way. You're no podria compound low oil. That was structure six in Spanish. Here on the screen now you can see the outline of structure six, where the question was on the left-hand side, the conditional infinitive carriers in the middle, and then the infinitives on the right. What you can do just like always, is make up your own sentences using this outline. If you pause the lesson now and grab a piece of paper and a pen, you can copy out this outline to build your own sentences and your own questions. So in structure six, there are four different ways we can use it. We can use it as a positive question. E.g. Akira, diarrhea, elderberry, acellular. What time should we leave? As a positive non question. Dave? Area, cellular stress. The various cellular stress. He should leave at 03:00. As a negative question. But not every acellular for k l know. Why shouldn't he leave? And as a negative non question, not the various earlier not Iberia. He shouldn't leave.