3 Minute French - Course 8 | Language lessons for beginners

1. Introduction: Basu AB Avenue. Hello and welcome to three-minute fringe course eight. By now, you're probably more than familiar with how three-minute French works. I split up the lessons into three minute chunks that you can complete in as few as one a day. By doing this, you maintain enthusiasm. You will develop a learning habit and you'll also find it easier to memorize things. In this course, you will find lessons 63 to 71. And just like always, you will have plenty of opportunity to practice everything that you're learning, as well as practicing everything that we've learned in the previous seven courses. So let's not waste any more time. Let's begin learning french. Merci beaucoup, a bone appointee, Serge. Thank you very much and happy learning. 2. 63a - "be" imperative: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson. How do you say in French, you eat or you're eating emoji. You don't eat or you're not eating. Una mujer HIPAA. Do you eat or are you eating? Mozi Woo. Don't you eat or Anju eating pneumonia, UPA. Eat in a command. Mozi. Don't eat. Epa. In the last lesson, we learned about how to form commands, also known as imperatives infringe. You simply have to take the present tense and remove the word Wu from the end. For example, mu j. J means eat or fit to demand, fit to the man. Do everything tomorrow. However, there are two more things I want to add. The first is an irregular verb. The verb is eta. Eta. The verb means to be. And in the present tense, we now know that you get W2s at W2s, which means you are. As a command, however, this verb is irregular. If you want to say B, you have to say swipe, swipe AAA. So wij is the imperative or the command of B. For example, swine, ISI, the man, swipe, EC, demand, be here tomorrow. So the command form of eta is CYA, which means B. How would you say Be patient? Swipe a passion. Swipe a passion. Be at the restaurant at five o'clock. The reservation is at quarter past five. Swipe or Hester home. A de-Sitter law has of assume it a Sitter RCA CYA or has a de-Sitter, basion eta d setter, be happy. Swipe. Swipe. 3. 63b - imperative: How would you say in French, be brave? Cya? Oo. Oo means brave or courageous. Don't be shy. Don't be ridiculous. In this way. Particular Newswire AICPA, ridicule. So all of these adjectives that we're using, shy and ridiculous and brave, et cetera. You'll find on the adjectives vocabulary expansion sheet. And if you want to find all the vocabulary expansion sheets, you can go to my website, www dot three minute dot club, forward slash vocabulary, hyphen expansion, hyphen sheets. How would you say? Don't be angry but I've lost the passports. Newswire, EPA cache may GPL, do they pass BPO? Newswire, EPA, she may. Jpl duly passport. Now, that was the first thing I want to tell you about the fact that Swami is the imperative version of the verb. And the second thing I wanted to tell you about was the word VA. Va. The literal meaning of the word VA is 1d. It's the command version of the verb to 1D, which is Galois. However, it isn't used in that way. You will come across the word va a lot when you're in France. It's a way of sounding more polite when giving commands. For example, the phrase at Andi EC, at Andi, ISI means weight here. And it's perfectly fine to say this, but it is a little bit abrupt. A more polite way of telling somebody to weight here is to say VA at tundra EC. Va at tundra EC. You can put any infinitive, which is the whole verb after VA. Like a tundra in this situation. And it's sort of like the equivalent of the English phrase, please be so kind as to, although it's not quite as formulas that phrase. So VA at tundra ISI means Please wait here. Not literally, but that's how we can translate it. You will very often see the word VA used on signs and letters that are telling you to do something. So we can say VA means please. Please be so kind as to, and you can use it as a more polite way of giving commands. So you can put any infinitive on the end of it. So you can't use it to mean please in any other situation except for giving commands. So how would you say please come in and in fringe instead of saying come in, they'll say Entree, which means to enter VA, entree, VAs entree. So it means Please enter, please come in or please be so kind as to enter. 4. 63c - present tense - er verbs (I/je): How would you say in French, Please repeat or Please say it again? And the verb to repeat is rapidly, very a rapid de va. So that means literally, please be so kind as to repeat, but you can use it to say, say it again. How would you say please pay here? Va, VA, VC. A very common word is passion, day, pass Jante, which is belt PA T E N T R. And this can be used to mean to wait patiently or to be patient. So how would you say please be patient? Va, past Jante, VA pass Jante. As I pass, Jante is literally a verb, meaning to patient, but in English we have to be patient or to wait patiently, VA pesante, please be patient. The present tense. We've learned how to form the present tense using V02, which means you. But what about x2? Meaning I? To change a verb into the present tense for whoo. But you have to do is pick any verb and remove the last two letters that step one. And then step two is to put a Wu in front and an ease ed on the end. So we looked at a lot of those examples in the last lesson. Well, to change your verb for x2, meaning I, it's even easier. Or you have to do is take off the r. What I mean is if you want to change a verb such as eat or speak into iEat or I speak in French. We have to do is take all the letter R from the end of the verb and infant. So we can say that step one is to pick any verb and remove the off from the end. And step two, port x2, meaning i in front and away you go. For example, More j mod j means to eat. If we remove the R, we get mortgage and then we import usher in front of it. And we get GMO range. And that's it. Gmos means I eat. So all you have to do is take the r from the end of the verb. So I'll give you six verbs. What you can do is pause the lesson, civic import them into i in the present tense and press plates if you got them right. So the six verbs are Mockingjay, meaning to eat, parlay, to speak. Don't say to dance. Dna, to give visit, day to visit. And a to d, a, to study. Muj parlay. Don't say don a visitor, HUD. So pause the lesson civic and pull them into the present tense simply by removing from the end and putting in front and then press plates if you got them right. So mod j means to eat, take off the arm and put your infant and we get GMOs. Gmos means I eat or I'm eating. Pali means to speak. Japan. Japan means I speak or I'm speaking. Don't say is to dance. Zaydan's. Zaydan's means I dance or I'm dancing. Dani is to give Xiahou Dun. Zhou dawn means I gave or I'm giving visits. A visit is to visit. You visit, GO visit means I visit or I'm visiting. And HUD, HUD a means to study. G2d. G2d means I study or I'm studying. When you have a verb that starts with an E or any value, or the latter stage, the word X2, which is normally J, E, gets shortened to J apostrophe. So rather than saying X2 HUD, we say G2D, G2D yesterday, or I'm studying. And that happens in front of any verb that starts with either a vowel or the letter h. 5. 63d - present tense - two meanings: Now, I know I've said this about 10 billion times already, but it's something I really don't want you to forget because it could hinder your progress. In English, there are two ways to talk about the present tense. You can either say, for example, I eat or I'm eating. Whereas in French, there is just one way. So GMOs change means I eat or I'm eating. Japan. I speak, or I'm speaking. Jew dawns. I dance or I'm dancing. You don't. I give or I'm giving you visit? I visit or I'm visiting. And the reason why I wanted to make sure that you really, really understand this is because when you are speaking French, to begin with, you'll be thinking in English and speaking in fringe and translating what you're thinking into fringe. Eventually, we'll get to a point where I show you how you can think in French and speaking French. But for now, the best way is to think in English and then translate your thoughts into French. However, if your thoughts are something like I am visiting Paris next week, well, you don't want to be thinking I am. I am just re visiting and anything on what's visiting in French, I'm visiting is you visit. So I just wanted to make sure that if you think I'm visiting or I'm speaking, or I'm doing, you just use the present tense in French. So what do you say? I'm visiting or I visit in French, you OSA is you visit. Now you might also have noticed that the verb which ends in e are known as the infinitive, is always pronounced as if it has an a sound on the end. So visit, thay means to visit mom. J means to eat. Ballet is to speak. But when you remove the all from the end of the verb to make the present tense for Ger, you get rid of this ASM and that's why things like GO visit are pronounced the way they are. So it's visit a means to visit when it's got an E on the end. But when you take the are off, it becomes you visit. So the, a sound disappears. So how would you say in French, I'm starting tomorrow? Xiu commands, demand, issue commands the mind. So the verb common say means to start. And so we take off the r and we get commands, which means I'm starting. How would you say I start at five o'clock today? As you commands assigned or should we issue commands? Asanga, who should we? And generally, if you use the nomos before 12, so sunk for five, it is referring to five o'clock in the morning. If you mean five o'clock in the evening, either you can mention list1 or you can use the 24 hour clock, which would be dissenter, which is literally 17 o'clock. 6. 63e - present tense - er practice: How would you say in French, I'm bringing some food to your house tonight. I'm bringing everything with me. I spend too much money when I go on holiday. I'm spending €10. Do they pose diesel? Diesel. So don't forget that to spend, spend money is diplomacy. But to spend as into spending time is passe as into pastime. So how would you say I spend the holidays with my family? Is you pass leave a concept map AMI is you pass labor costs are the methylome. I'm spending a month in Paris next year. As you pass. Apathy. Apathy. I'm paying for the room by cod. So don't forget that in French. You haven't got to say, I'm paying for you to say I'm paying the room by Codd. Pay per packet. How would you say I'm paying for everything? You paid too? Is you pay to literally means I'm paying everything is you pay. But it can also mean I'm paying for everything because eventually exam paying for you to say I'm paying you paid to. 7. 63f - present tense - er practice: How would you say in French? I'm hiring a column, we go to Spain. Next moment. Zulu, conservation. I spine you invite your portion. I eat lots of cheese when I go to funds. Gmos, book would form our Score survey on phones. Book would Format Conservation forms. I'm eating at the Hotel Tonight. I love tails, the SUA GMOs, allo tails as well. If you want to say, I eat meat, literally infringe, you have to say, I eat some meat. So how would you say I eat meat? Doula beyond beyond. I'm changing the reservation because I'm busy until six o'clock tonight. Is your pages. I'm changing rooms because there is no shower in this room. Is your shoulders. You the Sharma. I'm changing cosin x j, pushing, pushing. 8. 63g - present tense - er practice: How would you say in French, I'm staying here today. I find everything interesting in Paris. I'm finding this film a bit boring. Now. I'm on we humans. I find the French wine in England a bit too expensive. See? I'm I'm I speak French and English. A only japan Francais. I'm speaking with Maria Vic Murray. I'm visiting my family abroad. Soon. As you visit my Fahmy electron GB onto, you visit my family. I visit my grandma or at her house every Thursday evening to visit my visit. Today. 9. 63h - present tense - ir verbs (I/je): How would you say in French, I'm giving the key to Pierre because I'm going to the beach. Luckily, you don't like clay Pascal's UV that I'm trying to understand, but it's difficult because you're not speaking very slowly. Jesse, the component may C difficile Petsko, uno paddle, EPA, kinda want more. Jessie, Do components are messy, difficile past Ubuntu pilot, but I don't move. Now, you may or may not have noticed that all of the verbs that we've been using so far in this lesson have ended in e in the infinitive form. However, as you know, there are three types of verb ending in fringe, ER, IR, and r e. So for the verbs, we now know that all we have to do is remove the all from the end of the verb and then put in front and we have the present tense for i. Let's have a look at ir verbs. For ir verbs in French, what you have to do to turn them into the present tense for leisure or for i is removed the all like before. But then you have to put an S on the end. For example, funnier. Funnier means to finish. Finish. What we have to do to make the present tense is removed the off from the end and add an s. And then of course we can put in front, we get Finney, G Finney, which means I finish G Feeney. So we remove the R and then we add an s. And the reason for this is because if you think back to when we did the past tense in French, for ir verbs, the past participle ends in an i. So if you just remove the r from funnier, we're left with Finney, spelled phi i, and that actually means finished. So that's the past participle of the verb. So we add an S to make it the present tense. It's pronounced the same though. So Finney means I finish. So here are six verbs. Funnier, which means to finish. She has yet to choose. Voir, meaning to see. Glossy, which means to gain weight, may agree to lose weight. And AUC, which means to succeed. Pause this lesson. Civic import these verbs into the present tense for i and then press play to see if you got it right. Dismember or you have to do is take off the r and add an s And then put at the start. So funnier, Shasthya, foie gras CIA made clear and try and put these into the present tense. So funnier means to finish your Feeney. As you Finney means I finish or I'm finishing. So we take the are off and we add an S. Schwas year means to choose. Zhuangzi. Zhuangzi means I choose or I'm choosing. Y was to see Joi, Joi is IC or I'm seeing Joi. Glossy. Glossy means to gain weight and it ends in an I R. So we take off the off and change it to an S important in front and we get glossy. Chagasi means I gain weight or I'm gaining weight. Maitreya means to lose weight. You're mentally, geometrically means I lose weight or I'm losing weight. And then you see that you see means to succeed. And so if we take the offer from the end of the year and change it to an S and put at the start we get RACI. Gmc means I succeed or I'm succeeding, you're crazy. So as you funny, Jewish YZ is you've won. And you see him. 10. 63i - present tense - ir practice: How would you say in French? I'm finishing at three o'clock today and then I'm going to town counts or should we a pre-survey on V. G. Finney at councils or should we say, counts, and literally means 15 o'clock, which is the 24-hour version of three o'clock, you could say. And that would be three o'clock, but it means three o'clock in the morning. How would you say in French? Every Tuesday I finished at 12 o'clock. They matter to the American D. I'm choosing a souvenir if my brother Zhuangzi, on souvenir, Jewish YZ and souvenir. I'm choosing something for lunch. Shows, polygyny. Calico shows. How would you say I gain weight when I go on holiday because I eat too many ice cream, cones. Pascals you manage told the glass. Mcons, Pascals you manage toting glass. I'm losing weight because I walk to the beach every day. Pass a law. Is you mentally path cuz you visa PA 11. 63j - present tense - re verbs (I/je): How would you say in French? I'm trying to learn French and I'm succeeding. Jesse upon holy foresee, a IRAC, GSA, and upon low-frequency is your AUC. So when you're talking about languages in French, if you're using the verb Pi Lei, meaning to speak a language, then you haven't got to use the word for the, in front of the language. You can just say paddy francais or ballet only, which means to speak French, so to speak English. But if you're using the verb upon andra, which means to learn or compound meaning to understand, then you have to put the word the in front of the language. And that's why we say upon which means to learn French, literally to learn the fringe. So we've now seen how to form the present tense with 0s of IBS. We have to do is take the r of the end of the verb and put in front. And then we've seen how to form the present tense with ir verbs. It again take the offer from the end, where you have to add an S as well, and then you put at the start. Well, the last type of verb is R e verbs. So with our evolves, but we have to do is remove the IV from the end. And then we add an s And of course the start. And so we take off the R and the E and we add an s. So for example, Fair means to make fair, which is spelled FAI e. So if we take the are off the end and we put an S, Then we get Fei Shou Fei means I make. So fair to make Zhang Fei I make. So you take of the army and important s And at the start. So here are eight are evolves in French. Fair. Fair, which means to do or to make dir. Dir means to say or to tell. Voir. Bwa means to drink at tundra. At tundra means to wait. Vt_2. Vt_1 means to sell. Panera. Ponder means to take compounds. Compounds means to understand and upon her, upon her means to learn the letters. The last three ponder compounds and upon Andhra all have ponder on the end. So if you pause this lesson, see you can turn these eight verbs into the present tense for I, then played civic, got them right. So the verbs again, we're fair deal. Atlanta, von der ponder compounds and upon. So fair means to do automatic. And Zhang Fei Shou Fei is I do or I make, or I'm doing and I'm making dear is to say or to tell. So judy, your D is I say I tell what I'm saying or I'm telling. So DIA was DIR e, we take off the army from the end and report an SBA instead. And we get d. And d is DIS BWA means to drink. Dubois is your BWA, is I drink or I'm drinking? At tundra. At tundra means to wait. Gelatin. Gelatin is Iwate or I'm waiting. With this web. You can't hear the D or the S on the end, jet dawn. So in a tundra, you can hear the D. Then once you take off the R and the E and you add the S on the end, it becomes jet Dawn. And the word, meaning I shortens to J apostrophe in front of verbs that start with a vowel or letter H. And so because a tundra starts with an a, then Iwate is not sure atan, but gelatin. Vt_2 is to sell Jeevan. Jeevan is, ISL, or I'm selling Jeevan. So again, you can't hear the D or the.'s. Panera is to take Z0 upon is your palm. Means I take or I'm taking. And just like before you current here the D or the s. In fact, the N in all of these verbs, Jiaotong, your von, Japan is a nasal sound, and so it's almost like your throat is closing slightly rather than pronouncing it as an n, say didn't say is you're prone for Japan. Comparator means to understand and x2 component is your compound means. I understand. So again, the D and S are completely inaudible and the end is a nasally sound. So as your compound. And that means I understand. And then finally, upon TRA, upon TR means to learn upon her. And Jack palm. Jap Hong means I learn Japan. And again, the meaning I shortens to J apostrophe because upon toa starts with a vowel and you can't hear the D or the S, and the end is a nasally sound, Jap Palm Island. 12. 63k - present tense - re practice: How would you say in French, I'm doing everything now. Maintenance, you fade to lanthanum. I'm making a cake for us. And get TOPO knew. I make breakfast for the family every morning. As you failed a pretty poor law for me. Is you fade it pretty. Today. I'm drinking red wine with dinner. And in French you would have to say literally, I'm drinking some red wine with dinner. Duval, who's leading a due van, whose DNA. So literally, this means I'm drinking some red wine with dinner. How would you say I'm waiting for the boss? Jonathan abuse, Jiaotong abuse. So again in French, you don't say I'm waiting for the bus. You say I'm waiting. The booths will agree. I'm awaiting the boss, Jiaotong loose. How would you say I've been waiting here for an hour. So this literally means Iwate here since one hour. But in French, you can use it to mean I've been waiting here for an hour. I'm selling my car because I want to change it. As you've all my watcher passcodes uvula shown g is your von, MV2 Pascal uvula shown g. So in, I want to change it, the word, it is infringe in this situation because we're referring to a car, which is a feminine noun. So Sean, gee, I want to change it. Literally what you're saying is I want to change her. 13. 63l - present tense - recap: How would you say in French? I'm taking some water to the beach with mean. Is your pond, the Laplacian? Is your pond. Hello. I'm taking a taxi today because it's quicker. Japan and taxi or should we pass to say plu happy? Japan's on taxi, aujourd'hui Pascal say plu, high-speed. I understand a lot in French, but not everything. You come home. Beaucoup on Francais, map2 is your compound beaucoup infancy may PO2. So infringe is on currency. So the word for in, where issues with a language is on ESPN. We've learned before that the word for n is done, the ANS. But when you are speaking about a language is infancy because don't really means in as an inside rather than just in. So don't is inside something. Whereas on can be used with a language to mean in that language on Francais infringe or honorably in English. So that's why we say z-component, bookworm, Farsi, map2. How would you say I've been learning French for three years. Japan, le francais deplete ozone, Japan, le francais des Hasan. So let's say, you're saying I learned the fringe since three years, Japan, le francais des ozone. But it can mean I've been learning French for three years. So in this lesson, we've learned how to form the present tense for I hold measure with ER verbs, but we have to do is remove the r from the end, and that's it. So for example, Mockingjay means to eat, and it's about MAN GER. We remove the R And obviously put the word Jew in front and we get GMO. Gmo change with Manoj, spelled MAN, GE, and GMOs means I eat or I'm eating. With ir verbs, we remove the R, But then we add an s And then put infant. For example, funnier means to finish not spelt FIN ir. So we remove the r and we add an s And then for sure in front and we get, as you're funny, you Finney means I finish or I'm finishing. And then with our evolves, we remove the Army and then add an s. So ponder, ponder means to take, and it's spelled p e n d e. So we take the army of the end and we put an S and then put you in front. And we get Japan. Japan, meaning I take or I'm taking. So that's AR verbs remove the ar, ir verbs remove the r and as an S, R evolves, removed the E and add an s. And we also learned the command swipe, swipe AAA, which means B, and it's the command form of the verb eta. And we lend the polite word VUCA, V-U-C-A, which means please or please be so kind as to, and you can put any infinitive on the end of that. And you can use it as a polite way of giving commands. Va, for example, VA Atlanta ISI, which means Please wait here or please be so kind as to wait here. Va atan2 AC. 14. 63m - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in French? I understand everything. If you speak slowly to Cebu, please be patient. I'm coming now. There are two ways you can save this infringe. Either you could use the command form of the verb, meaning to be. So you could say Be patient literally, or you could use that hung little word with lead VA, which means please be so kind as to, and you would follow that with the verb pass Jante, which means to be patient. So either you would say seed would play, swipe asean, JVM maintenance or very a past Jante GBM mountain. I'm selling my car. Do you want to buy it? My watch would be here at seven o'clock tomorrow. I want to leave our quarter seven. Swipe VC, swag ABC acetaldehyde is UV path TRS-80. I'm trying to lose weight because I'm Gavin Holiday Inn may GSA, the mega pascal juvenile icons on me. Just say to make the basket Zubaida combs on me. I finish at four o'clock today. Do you want to go to the cinema tonight? Oh, cinema. Cinema. I'm staying at home tonight. I'm very tired. The shame shame was as well. I'm hiring Acuff-Rose. Zulu. I start tomorrow. Don't be shy. 15. 63n - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What are these French sentences mean in English? Jackpot, Duvall, jackpot, UVA. I'm bringing some wine. Japan, only a dynamo. Japan from C, only a dynamo. I speak French, English, and German. As you pass this, remain on a spaniel. Any portion is you pass remains on a spaniel. Any Pushin. I'm spending two weeks in Spain next year. I'm changing the reservation. Swipe. Swipe. Be happy. Va atan2, IC. Va at tundra is C. Please wait. Here. Is Yeshua xe due van Paula Tablo, MRD FEC, Jewish, YZ driven Paula tabular Mae, C. Difficile. I'm choosing some wine for the table, but it's difficult. Is you fake it? You're shows Paul Bloom. I'm making something for you. Or it could also be, I'm doing something for you to abuse. Abuse. I've been waiting for the bus for an hour. Jack Parlophone, CMAC as C dVc layer. May see it as a DPC. I'm learning French, but it's quite difficult. 16. 63o - let's recap - English to French: What we'll do now are some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How would you say in French? It's quite bitter, but I like it. Say, I say, I'm a Muslim. Ctsa, measure limb. So the word for bitter is amazing. And it's about a M, ER. Usually if a verb ends in ER, it has a permutation of a like patently meaning to speak. But when an adjective ends in e, we tend to pronounce it. So how would you say in French, How do you say this infringe? Common D2 Sulla and fluency or common deed Vasa on fluency. So commodity Wu means how do you say how would you say may I have the lump, please? So you can use, which literally means to have, but because it's a food item, you can also say Panera, saying can I have it to eat? How would you say I would like to go to his house tomorrow? You food readily, shall we? I'm going to have dinner here. Is you have a pond. Ec is you have a pond or leading a VC. So DNA spout DIN means dinner, and you pronounce it DNA as if it were a verb, even there is a noun. And I just said a few minutes ago that when you have an adjective that ends in eo, you pronounce it like I'm a. But because leading a comes from a verb, the verb DNA, we pronounce it DNA rather than dinner. So DNA means dinner or as a verb, it can be used to mean to have dinner, as in to dine. So you could say UVA DNA EC and take out upon her and LA. And so that would mean literally, I'm going to dine here. We will look at this in more detail in a later lesson. How would you say, where do you want to go tonight? Who? Alice the SUA. Whose Alyssa. So how much is breakfast? Say Columbia lipid today? I would like to hire a big car for five people, please. Louis in groundwater, post-doc person Cebu blame. Railway, Osaka. Please come with me. Well, if you use the verb VA, you will say vernier HVAC, ma, va, Vinny havoc one. Or you could just use the command of veneer, which is Vinny. And you could say Vinny At the coomassie blue play or civil play, Vinaya Vec one. Finally, how would you ask, where is the theatre? Why did they add lutea? 17. 63p - let's recap - French to English: Now let's do some French to English recap translations. What do these French sentences mean in English? For qua Noemi route past settled. Pacquiao. Naomi, who passed that hotel? Why don't you like this hotel? Ostium June VIP pass RTFO SUA basket, just be Tophat Da Zhi Qian Vipassana bus, cuz you sweet top at the AA. I'm going to change the reservation. I don't want to go out tonight because I'm too tired. Subtotal it extraordinaire. Settled it. Extraordinaire. This hotel is extraordinary. I would like breakfast at nine o'clock. Mev M a gel-like the restaurants here. Ecd marsh, news alone, Pont holding a ECD. We're going to have dinner here on Sunday. Udi sock, sack. Do you have any bags? Which is that sits mature. May Israel m. Sets. May editor, happy. Israel m. This car is quite expensive, but it's very fast and I like it. And so we say L, which literally means she is very fast because it is referring to a feminine noun. What year is feminine? So in French, is that of saying, it is very fast. We have to say she is very fast. Finally, what does this mean for Nala, DCM who I gosh, a pre-lab Haumea who had what? A pre-lab Crimea who take the second row on the left and then the first row on the right. 18. 64a - present tense - 3 very irregular verbs: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson. How do you say in French, I eat or I'm eating GMOs. I drink, or I'm drinking. Dubois, I leave, or I'm leaving. Japan. What is the command of B? And finally, what is the command word that means please? Va. You now know how to conjugate E0, I0, and RE verbs in the present tense for X2. In this lesson, we'll learn about a few irregular verbs. The reason irregular verbs exist in French, as they do in all languages, especially English, is because languages are man-made. People made up languages. French is based on Latin, as well as a few of the languages. And different pots were taken, changed, and mushed together to form what is called French today. Irregular verb conjugations we formed when people took different parts from different areas of Latin and other languages and put them together. The pilots didn't always go together in a perfect older, and that's why we have irregularities Now. I think irregularities and irregular verbs are what make a language beautiful and unique. A lot of people disagree though. There are three really irregular verbs who chose not to listen even a little bit when the conjugation rules were handed out. These verbs do their own thing, so you simply have to learn them. You almost probably recognize them from all the previous essence anyway, as I have mentioned them before. The three really irregular verbs, our Ofwat, meaning to have, IDA, which means to go, and eta, which means to be. And in the present tense of y, becomes j. So j means I have Ofwat is 2.5, j is i have. In the present tense, I lay becomes survey. So as you vey means I go, I lay is to go and UVA, Ivo. And finally, eta becomes just three in the present tense. So just three means I am. Eta is to be, just to be I am. And we have these three verbs on their own in previous lessons, but here they are altogether. So j is i have UVA, is I go, and just three is I am. So try and remember these three irregulars as, even though they are really odd, they are the most useful verbs in French, J, UVA. And just to be. 19. 64b - present tense - 3 less irregular verbs: We've just learned the three most irregular verbs infringing the present tense. J, meaning I have, is UVA, meaning I go and just we, meaning I am. Now, there is also a small handful of verbs who follow the rules in general, but they change ever so slightly when they are conjugated into the present tense. These three verbs are appellee, meaning to call Ash, stay, which means TBI, and veneer, meaning to come. In the present tense, appellee becomes Japan, meaning I call Ash, day, becomes Jascha, which means I buy and veneer becomes JVM, meaning ICOM, Japan, Jascha, JVM. So you can see that these three verbs, or only a little bit irregular, the first verb, appellee, is spelled APP, ER, but in the present tense for some reason, the L becomes a double l. So Japan, meaning I call, is spelt J apostrophe a, p, p, e, e, so it gets a double l. The second verb cache, spelled a, CH, ET, becomes Jascha yet. And the reason why this verb is slightly irregular is because the e in the middle gets a graph accent. So it's spelt J apostrophe, a CH, E with a graph accent, T0, jack shit, which means I buy. The third verb, veneer, spelled Vn IR, which means to comb, gets a little i from somewhere in front of the E when you conjugate it into the present tense. So we get Zhe Yang Jiu Bian, which is spelt J for meaning I and then v e ns. So an extra i appears in front of the E and that's what makes it irregular. So Japan, I call jack shit, I buy, and Gibeon icon. There three less irregular verbs. They're only slightly irregular and it's irregular more in the spelling, men in the permutation except for JVM. So J-Pal, Jascha, JVM. So that's six irregular verbs. So far we've got J, meaning I have x2, vey, meaning I go just three, meaning I am. And then J-Pal, meaning I call Jascha, meaning I buy and Gibeon, meaning I comb. Where it could do is get a cue card and write down the infinitives on one side of the QC God. And then turn it over and write the present tense version of the infinitives on the other side of the cue card and detach yourself. What you could do is read through the infinitive side and see if you can remember how to conjugate it into the present tense for Azure. So if you see, for example, veneer, then think was linear in the present tense when JVM. And you could also try and think of some sentences that you can form with these verbs. So you've Yang means ICOM. So for example, you could say you've Yang is see today Lan De Zhe Yang Yi Si to Li Lan De, meaning I come here every Monday. 20. 64c - present tense - ir verbs 2: So the six irregular verbs in the present tense that we've learned so far. J, meaning I have UV, meaning I go just three. Meaning I am Japan, which is I call Jascha cut, Ai, Bi, and Gibeon icon. Ir verbs to. We've already had the rule for ir verbs. Or we have to do is remove the R and then add an s. However, when the French language is being created, there was one group of ir verbs who weren't happy with this room. Instead, they decided to make their own little gang with their own room. And they form the second group of ir verbs. There aren't too many of these rebellious ir verbs, but for these verbs, you have to take off the last three letters and then you add an s. So instead of just movingly, Are you remove the last three letters and you can use the recognize if a belongs in this rebellious gang because it will either end in the letter T IR MIR or V i l. So you take the T IR, MIR OR VI of the end of the verb, and then add an s and put a in front. And you have the present tense of the second group of ir verbs. As I said, this second group of ir verbs isn't very big, and there are only six verbs that we use very often. And those six verbs are bacteria, meaning to leave, soft tier, to go out. Santi's, meaning to feel. Monti, to lie. Do MIA, meaning to sleep, and Salvia, meaning to serve. And so you can see that they all end in either the left is t IR MIR OR V IR. Patio, meaning to leave is PAR TIGR. So t, meaning to go out is SIR t. Some key? Meaning to feel is spelled S-E-E NTIA. Mantissa, meaning to lie, is spelled MAN TI. Do MIA, meaning to sleep, is about DR. MIR. And Salvia, meaning to serve is spelled SERVIR. So as I've said to form the present tense of this second group of ir verbs, we remove the last three letters, then add the letter S to the end. And of course we have to put in front. So patio means to leave Japan. Japan means I leave spout, Jamie, for sure. Par S four and say You can't hear the S on the end. So it's just pronounced Azure. So T means to go out. And in the present tense we get just saw, just saw, spelt J, E, S, S. So, and that means I go out. Scientia means to feel. And if we remove the TIGR and put an S on the end, we get some, just some meaning. I feel just Song. And song is spelled S-E-E NS. You just sun. Then Monte means to lie. And in the present tense we get GMO. Gmo, which means I lie. And it spelt J E for sure. Then M, E and S is your mom. Demir means to sleep. And if we take of the MIR and put an S on the end, we get DO judo. And that means I sleep, spout, DO, DO. And then finally, Salvia. Salvia means to serve. And in the present tense we get just say zu sehr. And that means I serve. And it's about S, E, R, S, C. So that's the six most common verbs that belong to the second group of ir verbs. Japan, ID. If you just saw either Vout is your song. I feel Jamal. I lie, judo, I sleep. And you say, I save. 21. 64d - present tense - irregular recap: We've now seen 12 irregular verbs in the present tense for x2 infringe. We've had three very irregular ones. J, meaning I have GV, meaning I go and just be, meaning I am. Then we had three not so irregular ones. J-pal, meaning I call jack shit, meaning I buy, and Zhe Yang, meaning icon. And then we had six rebellious ir verbs that formed their own group. Japan, meaning I leave, just saw, meaning IDO out, just some. Meaning I feel. Gmr, meaning I lie. Judo, meaning I sleep, and GSA, meaning I save. So that's practiced the millennial. How would you say in French? I have everything here. J2. J2 TC. I go abroad a lot. But this year I'm spending the holidays here in England. Electron Zhi Bu, miss it and as you pass labor cost, ISI or nonmilitary ways electron Ji Bu may sit on a. And I'm going to Sophie's house now. She Sophie maximum. I'm here tomorrow. I call my sister every Saturday morning to listen. To listen. Dima, I'm calling Henry now. On on the mountain. 22. 64e - present tense - irregular practice: How would you say in French, I'm buying a souvenir for you from masi. Souvenir pour Wu and souvenir. I come from London, but I live in France now. As you may, momentum, measure beat. I'm coming to your house today. I leave on Saturday at eight o'clock. Sunday. Sunday. I'm leaving now. I'm leaving out with Maria tonight. I'm serving dinner at eight o'clock. Advantage, leading a Avante. So just to recap those 12 ribs, we had J, meaning I have UVA, I go. I am I call it Ai Bi, Xu Bian. I come. I leave. You just saw I go out. I feel I lie. I sleep. And you say, I save. 23. 64f - negative present tense: Just like when we were learning about how to conjugate the present tense for whoo. You can also play around with the verbs for her to say a variety of different things. Let's start with the negative present tense. Making present-tense verbs negative four x2 is the same as making a verb negative for whom? So you should be an Oprah is now we have to do is put in front of the verb. And then after it. For example, GMO means I eat. Juno launch bar means I don't eat. So here are five verbs in the present tense. See if you can turn them negative. We've got GMO launch, IE, Japan. I leave you vey, I go is your Vaughan. I sell and you pay. I pay. So pause the lesson. Ten is five verbs, negative, and then press, Play, CT. Got it right. So GMOs is iEat, Juneau, March pan means I don't eat. Japan, means I leave when we put a in front of path and a path after it, and we get Juno path BPA, which means I don't leave. Uva, means I go Zooniverse GPA. I don't go. Is you Von means I sell uniform bar. I don't sell. And GPA means I pay is in the paper. I don't pay. So all you have to do is put an E in front of the verb and PAAS after it, and we've got a negative present tense. Now there's just one thing to note about the pronunciation of these negative present tenses. You can pronounce them as I have been doing. Juno launched, Juno path BPA is innovate bar, etcetera. But if you want to sound a little bit more French, what you can do is rather than saying no as if they're separate words which they are, bring them together a bit. So Zun Xun Launchpad sounds more French than Juno launch pan. When you hear French people speak, you'll hear them link words together only in speaking, not in writing. So Juno path, you can pronounce as is in path BPA, Juno vapor, xun vapor. So rather than saying Z1A, pronounce it as Xun. Juno Wonka. Wonka. Juno paper shouldn't paper. So this is just something you can do to sound a little bit more French, bring them in speaking closer to the ger. So it sounds almost like one word, jian. Jian Moore's law is impasse. Bpa is in the EPA, Jeevan Rekha June paper. 24. 64g - negative present tense - two meanings: In English, there is more than one way to talk in the negative present tense. For example, you can say, I don't speak English, or I'm not speaking English. In French, These are both the same only. So whenever you use the negative present tense, infringe, it can mean two things in English. Can mean I don't TDD or I'm not eating. Zun Xun pappa. Either leave or I'm not leaving. Xun vapor. I don't go or I'm not going. Xun von pan, you know, Wonka. I don't sell or I'm not selling Xun paper. Paper. I don't pay or I'm not paying. So how would you say in French, I'm not buying a car. Do what you do, what you do. So don't forget that infringe when a sentence is in the negative, you don't say, I'm not buying a car, use m not buying any call and the wood for any is due in the negative z nasa to do what you how would you say? I don't buy souvenirs. The souvenir sheet. The souvenir. I'm not waiting here. There's too much noise. Parcc audibly. Icc either told the buoy. I haven't been waiting long. As you know, Tom, the preload bom, bom, bom. So even though in English the sentence is in the past tense, I haven't been waiting. In French, you just use the present tense and you say literally, I don't wait since long time. Dependent upon how would you say I'm not going out tonight because I'm too tired. Basket, you just feed TO fatigue. Past the swap as a gain. 25. 64h - negative present tense - practice: How do you say in French? I didn't go out to the moon days. June soft palate, Andy. So don't forget that if you want to say on Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednesdays, et cetera, you have to just put in front of the day of the week and you don't have to add the S in fringe. So lu Linji means on Mondays. If you have Linji by itself, that means on Monday. How would you say, i don't go abroad on holiday? Is you invade pass electron g on vacuums. Padlet 1J on vacuums. I'm not going to the cinema tonight is too expensive and I didn't have enough money. I'm not bringing anyone with me. I'm not spending much time at home this year. I don't spend enough time with my family. I say don't don't I'm not quoting PA I didn't like him. 26. 64i - negative present tense - practice: How would you say in French? I'm not trying any, geez, I've eaten too much today. I'm not hiring a call for the holiday. The hotel is next to the beach. Joondalup pad what you load it equity Laplacian. Laplacian. I'm not changing tables. George Patton do tabular. I'm not staying here. There were too many corporate is in my room. I'm not finding this film very interesting. Lesson. I don't have any brothers or sisters, but I have a lot of cuisines. Cuz I don't drink wine. Qian Gua Radovan is, you know what? I'm not taking any food with me. There were lots of restaurants there. Fukuda, Vesto, Honda. 27. 64j - present tense - practice: How do you say in French? I'm sorry, but I don't understand. Is just three. There's early may. Compound is just B. There's really measuring a compound pop. I don't finish tonight until eight o'clock. Is you scavenge as you infinity passes. I'm not angry. I'm not doing that now. I'm not making dinner tonight. I'm going out my friends, jean PayPal, Denise as well. You just saw a vague Ms. Amy Qian Fei Palo Denise as well as you saw I've now, I'm going to give you a verb in the infinitive. And what I want you to do is to turn it into the present tense for sure and say it out loud and then also give the English meaning. So if I say a tundra, meaning to wait, I'll stop. And you can say Jet Dawn, which means I wait. Oh, I'm waiting. Because LV have I reserve or I'm reserving von LA to sell Javan. I'm sending ASH de, TBI. Just shade them. I buy or I'm buying. Coleman. See to start. Is your commands. I stopped or I'm starting self t to go out. You just saw I go out. I'm giving out. 28. 64k - present tense - practice: I'm going to give you a verb in the infinitive. And I want you to put it into the present tense and also give the meaning of the present tense in English. Patio, meaning to leave. Japan. I leave or I'm leaving. Meaning to bring out. I bring, Oh, I'm bringing meaning to spend money. Debt bonds. I spend, or I'm spending money by sea to spend time. As you pass. I spend, or I'm spending time to cool. Japan. I call oh, I'm cooling. To try GSA. I try all I'm trying to pay. Pay. I pay or I'm paying. Luay, meaning to hire Zulu. Or I'm hiring, meaning to go. Survey. I go, I'm going Mozi, meaning to eat GMOs. I eat oh, I'm eating. Sean J, which means to change. Your show. I change or I'm changing. Stay, meaning to stay. Jihadist. I stay, I'm staying to find means. I find, oh, I'm finding. 29. 64l - present tense - practice: I'm going to say a verb in the infinitive form. Then I want you to put it into the present tense and also give the English meaning of what it means in the present tense. Fair means to make or to do. Is you FE, I make, oh, I do. Or I'm making, what I am doing eta to be is just v. I am, or I'm being D to say or to tell. Is you d I say or I tell what I'm saying or I'm telling to have g. I have oh, I'm having to see is you've won. I see what I'm seeing. To drink. As you b1, I drink while I'm drinking. To take I take or I'm taking component to understand. I understand. Upon LA to learn. Jack Palm Island, I'm learning funnier. Meaning to finish. Is your Feeney. I finish or I'm finishing. Schwas, meaning to choose. Is your XYZ I choose or I'm choosing. Monte means to lie is human. I lie where I'm lying. Do me to sleep. Judo. I sleep or I'm sleeping. Veneer means to come you via icon or I'm coming. Clv means to serve. Is you say means I save or I'm serving. Some t means to feel. Just some means I feel or I'm feeling. 30. 64m - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How do you say in French, I'm leaving tomorrow, but not until evening. May pass you. Sco X1, X2, pad them on, may, use coursework. So the z-score swam bid at the end is USCA, which means until and loose one, which means the evening. And the on the end of USCA and the meaning the joined together to make o. So you get to school, just go swap until the evening. How would you say I'm not sleeping well, should adopt but yeah. I didn't hire a car when I go on holiday, I take the boss. As you use mcons. As you ponder. I'm not lying is fantastic. Fantastic. Fantastic. I understand that. I'm buying something from mouseY for you. Kp shows the mouseY proven it. I'm saving loans to everybody at two o'clock. A tournament a ketones. Are ketones. I didn't finish until next week. Main portion. I am happy today. I'm bringing some food with me. 31. 64n - let's practise - French to English: And now we'll do some reverse translations. What do these friends sentences mean in English? Spanish or constant c is used to Andrew. I'm not spending the holidays here just one day. I don't lie or I'm not lying. Basket a topic2 bail should we use Kadima Pascaline TO occupy aujourd'hui? I'm not calling Marie until tomorrow because she's too busy today. You've Yang do Bermingham ME alone. Is UV underwhelming. Gun may jab it alone. I come from Birmingham, but I live in London. I'm not giving out tonight. I'm too tired. Uva on phones as a book on phones, assay beaucoup. I go on holiday to find its quite a lot. So Mombasa, I'm not leaving without my possible shows affair. I have too many things to do. I'm not waiting for the Bose. Beyond beyond. I don't eat meat. 32. 64o - let's recap - English to French: What we'll do now are some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we've learned in previous lessons. How do you say in French, the chicken is perfect. Look Palais EPA. D1 to go now, UX elements known fully Buddha layman snow. Or do you want to try? The chemists is straight on. How are we going to pay? The hotel is very good for him. I'm going to eat that tomorrow. I would like a taxi, please. And I tried to call Murray Yesterday. Jay. Jay 33. 64p - let's recap - French to English: And now let's do some French to English translations. What do these French sentences mean in English? Mom, pretty lesion, a mom, a theory blew. My breakfast is terrible. And cafes would rise and cafes would play. I would like the coffee please. Waiter cinema. Cinema. Cinema. Or they're going to spend three weeks in the United States. Say, I'm going to Mexico next week is to set the table. Wasn't very good at the restaurant yesterday. It's how fast aid magazine, a2. A2, b1. The shop is straight on. May I try the wine? 34. 65a - present tense - I, you, he, she, we, they: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson. How do you say in French? I have J. I go, Hey, I am just three. I leave. I go out. You just saw I feel is just some eye lie. Gmo. I sleep. Judo is you say I call Ai Bi, Jiao shaped icon, JVM. Let's add a little bit more to the tents that we've been looking at the present tense. So far, we've learned how to conjugate a verb in the present tense for UX, meaning you and your meaning I. However, we know from having looked at the past tense, that there are a few more people's talk bout endings, endings, endings. The key to the present tense is what we call verb endings. These are different things that we put on the end of the verb infringed depending on who is doing the action. But what our verb endings, changing the last letters of verbs might seem like a slightly strange concept, but we do do it in English too. Just not as much. Just take any verb in English and I'll show you what I mean. Let's pick to eat. If you want to conjugate to eat in the present tense in English, you simply remove the word to and you add any person to the front. I eat. We eat. They eat. You eat? He eats. Did you notice that when we say he eats, We have to put an S on the end. This is because whenever we're talking about he or she or PHP or any name or it, we have to add an es to the end of the verb in English. We do it automatically and English without even thinking about it. You might not have even known that it was a grammatical rule in English. I know that I didn't before I started learning French. If you don't put the S on the end in English, it sounds a bit strange. He like eating chocolate. That sounds odd. He likes eating chocolate is what it should be. He speak English. That sounds a bit odd. He speaks English. It sounds a little strange if you miss the S of the end in English. Well, it's the same infringe. We know that we have to add 0s ed to the end of the verb for V02 and for ir verbs and RE verbs, you have to add an s 4a. While if you forget to add these endings to be understood, but it will sound a little weird to fringe years. So in English, we have to add es to the end of the verb for he, she, or it. In French, you have to add different endings for every single person. So in this lesson, we're going to learn what these endings are. 35. 65b - present tense - conjugating er verbs: Er verbs. Again, to take an ER verb and conjugated for you so that you can see what we have to put on the end for each person. You already know that we just removed the Folger and we have to add 0s ed for uhm. So his parallelly meaning to speed in all the different persons. In French. J-pal means I speak to pal. You speak if pal he speaks el pal. She speaks new parallel. We speak verbally. You speak and imperil. They speak. So we can see that Japan or we had to do was take the r of the end. So it's PAR LLE to pal, meaning USB-C. We took the r of the end, but we've added an S, So it's spelled PAR, LES, eel pal and L pal while we've just taken the RF again. So it's the same as Japan. New pylon. Well, if you look at it here, we've taken the 0s are off and put o and S on the end. So it's spelled PAR L, ins New pylon, meaning we speak verbally. We blend this one. We take the are off the end and put a zed instead. And then ill pal, meaning they speak. Well, this one is a funny one because it looks like it's got extra less on the end, but you can't hear them. In fact, it's a silent empty on the end. So eel pal, the PAL is spelled PAR, L, E, and T, but it's pronounced pattern. So in PAL, meaning they speak has E and T on the end. So that's pi lay in the present tense, Japan to pile, eel pal, LP, new pylon verbally. And eel pal. I you he she we you, v_a. You may have heard people saying things like first person, second person, or third person. Well, these are actually grammatical terms used to say who is doing the action. First-person means I. Second person means you. Third-person means he or she. There are also singular and plural versions of each of these. So the first person singular is i. The first-person plural is we. The second person singular is you. The second person plural is also u, sorry, no matter in English, whether you're talking to one person or two people, you can refer to them as you always. And the third person singular is either he or she. But the third person plural is vey. In French, I is x2, as we've seen, we is new. U in the singular is two, but you in the plural is voom. He and she is ill and L, And they is ill spelled ILS. So they are all the different persons in French to IL L, new Woo. 36. 65c - present tense - grammatical persons: We've just seen the six different persons in English and what they are in fringe. We had i and we as the first-person singular and plural, and new infringe. The second person singular was you, and also the plural is you. In English, but in French we have two and boom. And then the third person singular in English is he or she, and the plural is VA. In French, we have l and l meaning he and she, and ill spelled ILS, meaning vey. What we could do is write these down on a cue card. As we're learning French, if there's one important grammatical words that you can remember, try and make the word persons. It makes it easier to understand the explanations for some of the more complex grammar that we're going to learn later. For example, the third person singular could be he or she, but it could also BPA or marie, everybody, nobody, everything, all of these words taken s in English. If you put a verb with them, he speaks, she speaks, PS speaks, Murray's speaks. Everybody speaks. Nobody speaks. Everything speaks. They all have the S on the end of Speaks. And this is because they're old third-person singular. Therefore, it's easier for me just to say this can be used for all third-person singular words, then this can be used for he, she, PA, Marie, it, everybody, michael, Nobody, everything. Adult Bernard. So that's what this down on a cue card. We can put a little title, grammatical persons on the QC odd. And we can do a table. We can have three columns and four rows. And on the top we can have singular and plural. And along the left we can have first person, second person, third person. And then we can fill in the gaps. So the first person singular, we have I and June. The first person plural is, we knew. The second person singular is u. To. The second person plural is U, or. The third person singular is he or she, or Yl, l. And the third person plural is they, or email. Now, the order of the persons will always be the same no matter what language or learning. Conjugation tables something which lays out how to conjugate a verb. Always go, I, you, he, she, we, you, and they always, always, always. They go in that order. I you, he, she we U and V. So in reality, there are six different persons, since he or she are classed as the same person, grammatically speaking, the third person singular. So that's the different grammatical persons in English and French. I, you, he, she, we, they, or in French to IL L new Woo. 37. 65d - present tense - er verb endings: Let's take another quick look at the conjugation table for the variable Pali, which means to speak. This time we'll have a look at the different endings on each person. So Pali means to speak. Japan. Japan means I speak, so it just ends in letter e. So what we have to do is remove the R to pan, to pal means you speak. And so we removed the r, but this time we've got an S on the end as well. Ill. Ill pal means he speaks. So this verb ends in an ISA. All we've done removed the R. Similarly, l p, l, l pal means she speaks, and this also ends in an E. So work done is taken the R of the end. New pylon. New pylon means we speak for, we speak the verb. Pylon ends in o ins. So what we've done is removed the ER and added ON S. Wu Pali. Wu wei means you speak. We've seen how to conjugate this. We put ease ed on the end verbally. And then in Pal, in pal means they speak. And so he's got a silent E and T on the end. So the two steps for forming the present tense with an e of EB is to remove the last two letters, which will be the e and the o. And then we add the appropriate endings. But what are the appropriate endings? Well, let's go through them. Sorry for an IR verb, here are the appropriate endings. We take off the ER and then for sure, we add letter E to the end of the verb. For two. We add es to the end of the web for ill or L, Meaning he and she. We add let an E again. For new, which means we, we add the letters o ins. For woo. We address as easy as we've already seen that one. And then for ill, we add letters E and T, but don't forget that four, il, meaning Bay, the ending is silent. And so we can pick any random 0s of IP and we can conjugate it into the present tense now by taking the ER off the end and then adding either E, ES, E, ins is Ed or E and T. So let's practice with the verb 2V, which means to find. So today is spelt TRW VR. How would you say in French? I find as you move, as you prove. So we removed the ER and we add an e. You find either you will say to 24V, if you're speaking informally to one person, to 24V, or if you're speaking formally to one person or more than one person, you would say woo. Woo, two-way. How would you say he finds improve, improve? She finds L2. We find neutron, neutron, and they find you trove improve. So even though this verb ends in e and t, the EMT is silence. A planet's at 2v, spelled t v, t. 38. 65e - present tense - er practice: So for AR verbs, once you've removed the ER, you have to add E, ES, E, ins is Ed and ENT. I remember when I first learned these endings all ages ago, and I thought I've never remember them. What I did on the way home from my French lessons was keep repeating them to myself in a little rhyme. Es E ins is at E and T. Ese ins is Ed ENT. It's not a very good rhyme, but it is really catchy If you say again and again and again until you can't get sagittal head. Then when it stuck in your head, say it ten more times. The better you know these endings, the more quickly you will be able to conjugate the verbs. Ese, ins is at t0 and t0. Eventually you'll reach a point where you don't even have to think about how to conjugate the verb. You won't have to think about what ending to add. The verbal just comes straight out of your mouth automatically. If you keep conjugating and conjugating different verbs, you'll get your ear tuned in to what sounds right. If you say it wrong, it'll sound wrong. Just like in English, he speak French, sounds bad, whereas he speaks French sounds right. Es E ins, is it ENT, say it is 10.5 times until it's stuck in your head. How would you say in French? I speak Japan. Japan. You speak to pal or verbally? To pal? Verbally. He speaks eel pal. It'll pal. She speaks N pal. We speak New pylon, New Babylon. They speak either PAL. How would you say I stay? You stay to heist or stay? Highest? He stays in arrest. She stays. Test. We stay. New headstone, new stone. They stay. Interface. 39. 65f - present tense - ir verb endings: How do you say in French? I try to just say. You try to say, oh, TSA. He tries LSA. Lsa. She tries LSA. Lsa. We try new SAN, lose essay on they dry. Ill essay. He does essay. So that's the AR verbs don't is always the same. For x2. Es for two, E, four L or L. O ins for new is Ed for Woo And a silent ENT for ill. So for example, with x2, which means to play, we have Zhu, meaning I play two x2. You play ill or l x2. He or she placed Lu Zhuan. We play W2s way. You play and issue. They play ir verbs. Let's take an IR verb and conjugated so that we can see what we have to put on the end for each person has ever looked at funnier. So AF_INET means to finish. Graphine, means I finish. To finish. You finish. Ill funny. He finishes. And funny. She finishes. New finish song. We finish. Ruffini say, you finish. And Epiphanes, they finish. And so if you look at the ends of the verbs, we have zucchini spout FIN IS TO Finney, slab is same. Fin IS. But then eel funny and L Funny or spelled FI NIT. New finish song. Phi N S, S O N S Ruffini, say FIN ESS is Ed and infinite phi N I, S, S, E and T. So again, in the infinite, meaning they finish the E and T is silent. So funny, funny, funny, funny, new finish. Some Ruffini say infinite. 40. 65g - present tense - ir practice: So we've just seen an IR verb funnier in the present tense. We had G Feeney, too funny, funny, funny. New finish song, Ruffini say, and epiphanies, meaning I finish. You finish. He finishes. She finishes. We finish. You finish. And they finish. So the steps are step one, remove the last two letters from the verb. And step two is to add the appropriate ending. But what are the appropriate endings for ir verbs? Well, once you've removed the last two letters, then you add these endings for Zhu, meaning I, you add IS for two, meaning you in the informal singular. You add ins for email or l, which are he and she. You add IT. For new, meaning. We, you add the letters I, S, S, O, NS, pronounced East sun. For V02, which is either the formal singular or the plural way of saying you, you add the letters ISS is pronounced EC. And for ill, meaning v_a, you add I, S, S, E, and T. And the E and T is again silent, so it's pronounced. So let's pick a random ir verb and see if you can conjugate it fully into the present tense. Will choose the verb Shasthya. Meaning to choose. Shasthya is spelled CHO, IS ir. So how would you say I choose Zhuangzi? Zhuangzi. So we take the IR off from the end of XYZ and we add ins and you get Xunzi spout. Cah OIS IS how would you say you choose either to Zhuangzi or whoo schwas EC, tissue Azi, bourgeoisie say. And I'll just point out that infringed when you have the letter S surrounded by vowels, such as in this word, you pronounce it like the letter Zed. So schwas Z sub C, H, O, S, S. So the S and the middle is surrounded by the letter I on both sides. So we pronounce it like a zed, schwas z. But then when you have a double Es is pronounced like a clear S sound. So in the UX version we have a single s surrounded by vowels and then a double S. So vu schwas he saved, it's about see high HOI ISI, ss is dead. So the first S is pronounced like a z, and the second double Es is pronounced like an S. So schwas z say Zhuangzi, say, the more you say these are becomes schwa. Say how would you say he chooses? Yield Zhuangzi, English Waze. 41. 65h - present tense - ir practice: How would you say in French, she chooses L Zhuangzi? We choose New Jersey son. So this is another example where we have a single s surrounded by vals and then a double S. So the first S is a z sound and the double S is an S sound. Shuang Zhi, some new Zhuangzi son. How would you say in French they choose ill schwas, these il, Schwartz's. So this spelling we have again a single s surrounded by vals and then a double S. But the E and T on the end of this word is silent, so it's pronounced schwas, zs, Zhuangzi. Zhuangzi, they choose. So the endings for ir verbs are, IS, IS IT, I, S, S, O, N, S, ISS, is Ed, ISS, E and T. And just like we did for the E of verbs, you could make up a little rhyme for the eye of endings does repeated over and over IS, IS IT, IS some EC is, IS-IS IT IS some EC is. Maybe you say it again and again, the endings will drill themselves into your brain and you will be able to forget them. So how would you say in French? I finish x2 Finney. Is you Finney? You finish. To fini finish. Say to Finney Ruffini say, he finishes in funny, funny. She finishes. Funny, funny. We finish. Finish some new finish song. They finish infamy. 42. 65i - present tense - ir practice: The verb to gain weight in French is Goethe's goes here. So how would you say I gain weight? You gain weight. Q glossy, glossy, say to quasi Wu, glossy, say this web glossy, say there are two double S's, which means both of them are pronounced as the letter S and it's spelled G. S, S, S, S goes cc. How would you say he gained weight? Glossy. Glossy. She gains weight. Ngozi. We gain weight. New growth isn't new growth season. They gain weight. Velocities. Velocities. If the verb to succeed is spelled with an accent, USS IR, how would you say I succeed? See, you succeed to do when you see Vu, say he succeeds. If AUC, AUC, she succeeds, you see, we succeed. Nu. Nu times the sum. They succeed. 43. 65j - present tense - re verb endings: So that's the ir verbs. Don't know, it's always the same. We take off the IR from the end and we add IS four, IS four to IT for L or L is song or ISS, ins for new ISI, or ISS for whoo. And ease. Or ISS ENT as the silent E and T for ill, meaning. They, for example, made clear means to lose weight. And we get, geometrically, I'll lose weight to make the, you lose weight. Omega v or l McCurry. He loses weight and she loses weight. Gnu, Make listen. We lose weight. We omega3 say, you lose weight. Even omega-3s, they lose weight. Even verbs. I'm going to take an RE verb and conjugated view so that you can see what we have to put on the end for each person. So they are going to take is VT_1, VT_2. And it means to sell veranda. It's spelled Vn D, e. So in the present tense we get Jeevan, meaning ISIL, to von. You sell Iran. He sells L Vaughan. She sells newborn dawn. We sell W2s on day. You sell, and inland, they sell. So Jeevan is spelt vn dS to von is spelt vn dS, Yvonne, spelled VMD. L1 is spelled VMD. And those four so far, you pronounce them Von. So they all have the same pronunciation, Jeevan to von, Yvonne, L. Vaughan, even though they have a D or D and S on the end, the current here that is a silent DNS, silent ds. So Jeevan to von Yvonne L1. Then we have new von Dong and that's spelled VA AND ins. So now because the d is followed by a vowel, you can hear it pronounced. So new Vendome, move on day is spelt V E and D E z. And then it'll bond is spelt v e n d, e and t. So this has got an E and T on the end. Now the ENT is silent for because now the letter D has an e after it, which is a val, then we can pronounce the d. So eland means they sell. And it actually helps us to distinguish between Yvonne, which means he sells and involved, meaning they sell. So the little D on the end shares that is vey Rather than he. Otherwise you are pronounced them both Yvon, and it could get confusing. 44. 65k - present tense - re practice: So we've just seen veranda, which means to sell in the present tense. They went Jeevan, meaning I sell to von. You sell. Yvonne. He sells L Vaughan. She sells newborn dawn. We sell. Who've on day. You sell and Yvon, and meaning they sell. And I think it helps sometimes to read through it all in Mongo. Giovanni to Yvonne, Yvonne L. Vaughan, new Guandong, move on day Yvonne. So the steps to forming the present tense with our reverbs are step one, remove the last two letters from the verb, and step to have the appropriate ending. And the appropriate endings for reverbs are you add an S, two, you add an S with L and L, you actually add nothing. So once you've taken the RE of the end, you don't have to add any extra letters. Knew. You add ins, woo, you add 0s and ill, meaning v_a, you add a silent ENT. But with our reverbs, what you'll find is that the e and t is usually hooked onto the end of a consonant. So with he and she form of the verb, you can't hear the consonant, like in Yvonne, meaning he sells. But with a phone, you can hear the consonant because it's then followed by the letter e. So we had evened, meaning they sell. So we add es, s, Nothing ins, is ed, e and t. So let's use the verb Pedra, meaning to lose, which is spelled PER DRE Pedra. And let's practice forming the present tense with our reverbs. How do you say in French, I lose. Japan. Japan. You lose. Two pair or two. He loses. She uses l, p, l pair. We lose. Andon, new pal don't. Values. Say you can hear the less pronounced because it's followed by the letter E. So E values. 45. 65l - present tense - re practice: So just like we did with the verbs and the ir verbs, we can make up a little rhyme that we can say over and over to help us to internalize the army verb endings. So just repeat over and over. S, s, Nothing ins is at E and T, S, S nothing ins is add E and T S, S nothing ins is at t0 and t say again and again and again until you can't allow your head. So how would you say in French, I wait. You wait to do that on the two. He waits. Atom weights. Wait. Wait. How would you say you sell 2-1 or move on to Vaughan? He sells yvonne. 46. 65m - present tense - endings recap: How would you say in French, she's cells. We sell new Vendome newborn, don't. They sell it 7and inland. So that's the RE verbs. Don't know. It's always the same. We take off the R and the E from the end of the verb. And then we add S four. S four to nothing for email or l. O ins for new is add for volume. And the silent ENT four, il, meaning they said, let's look at the verb penta, meaning to lose. Japan means I lose two pair. You lose. Il pair or L pair means he loses or she loses. New pared-down. We lose. Upa, they you lose and impaired. They use. Now we've had quite a lot of different things to remember for this lesson. Will there is endings for ER verbs, ir verbs, and RE verbs in the present tense. So let's do a quick recap of all the different endings for the three different types of verbs. So we can see them all in one place. So the order that we look at the endings is always the same. It goes I, you, he, she, We, you, and they are in French to IL L, new Wu a ill. So for AR verbs, we take off the e and the r, and we add E. Es, E. Ins is Ed, EMT as E ES E, o ins is ed, e and t. Then for ir verbs, we take off the IR and we add IS, IS, IT, IS song. Say IS, IS, IS, IT IS, song is say is. And the last three, Ysom, Ysaye and 0s are spelled ISS, ins. Iss is Ed and ISS 0and t, e and t is silent. And then finally for the RE verbs, we take the R and the E of the end and we add es, s, Nothing. O ins is Ed EMT. S, s, Nothing ins is Ed ENT. Now you might notice some patterns appear, especially for the new Wu and ill phone. For new, they always have an O and S on the end obviously, but i of f, g for the ISS, in front of that, on the very end of the verb, there's always an o ins. So the end of the verb is always on in its sound. For woo, you always have an easy read on the end. And again, with the ir verbs, you have an ISS in front of that, but you always pronounce the end of the verb a for the ease. And then for e, il, meaning they, there's always that Silent E and T on the end. So what I would do to learn there's different endings is to stick to one verb type at a time. So for example, you could stick to e of x on a Monday, then do ir verbs on Tuesday and reverbs on Wednesday, just so that you're focusing purely on that verb type for a whole day. And don't forget to do that. Uh, rhymes E ES, E ins is at ENT, four IS, IS, IT, IS song, Ysaye, ease for the ir verbs and SS, nothing ins is at E and T for the reverbs. 47. 65n - present tense - conjugation recap: Let's go through three example verbs being conjugated into the present tense. We'll look at an an IR verb and an RE verb. For the ER verb will look at ballet, meaning to speak. So it goes Japan to Pal. In PAL LP, new pylon. Verbally. It pal, meaning I speak, you speak. He speaks or she speaks. We speak, you speak, they speak. An ir verb will look at funnier, which means to finish. Zucchini. Two funny, funny, funny. New finish song. Ruffini say infinities. And that means I finish. You finish, he finishes or she finishes. We finish. You finish, and they finish. And then for the reverb will look at the verb Petra, mean to lose. Japan to pair, ill pair, L pair, loop around Dong Wu per day. And that means I lose, you lose, he loses or she loses. We lose, you lose, they lose. Now you might have noticed that for any verb, the eye, you and he or she, the two, or L and L forms all sound the same. So Japan to pile it, pal LPA is always parallel on the end, even though for the two, there's an S on the end of the verb in speaking you don't hear it. For funnier. Is you funny too funny, funny, funny. It sounds like Finney for the petra Japan to pair it there. L pair, they all sound the same. So that's a handy tip to remember when you are speaking, is that the two eel and l all sound the same. In fact, if you look at the ER verbs, the wave forms of the verb sound the same as well. So for the ER verbs we had Japan to pile, eel, pal, and LP. But if we get onto the waveform, it's ill pal. So even though there's an E and T on the end, the E and T is silent, so it's pronounced eel pal. So it sounds the same. Japan to pile, pile, L, L, pal. This almost works for the ir verbs and they are reverbs, except with the ir verbs. You can hear the letter S pronounced, and they RE verbs. You can hear the consonant pronounced on the end. So you funny, too funny, funny, funny, funny. So they all sound the same except for the waveform. You can hear the S on the end. And similarly for the reverbs Japan to pair a pair, a pair impaled. So they all sound the same except for the way you can just hit the letter D on the end. But they are very similar and it's a handwritten note when you're speaking, you haven't got to think too much as long as you can remember the ger form. Well, the two and l and l and ill meaning they all sound the same as well. So let's just go through them once more. Japan to PayPal. Paypal LPA, new pylon would belay. Epa. Is you funny, too funny, funny, funny, funny song. Ruffini say epiphanies. Japan to pair, pair l bear, lapel, Dong, Wu per day. And what I would do is write these three verbs out onto a cue card and highlight the endings. Then if you say them out loud to yourself over and over a few times every day, what you'll do is you'll get your tongue used to pronouncing the words. And you also tuned your ear into how the words to sound. And what will happen is they'll start to come out naturally without you having to think. So whenever you hear NEW automatically, you know, at the end of the variable B on Lou pylon, new finish song, Newtown dawn. Or whenever you hear woooo, you'll know that the end of the verb will be an a sound. Wuh Pele, Ruffini say rupees per day. 48. 65o - irregular present tense - aller & avoir: You're probably sick of these endings now, but I really don't want you to forget them. So let's go through them one more time. So for AR verbs, you take off the ER and you add e, S, e, o, ns is Ed ENT. For ir verbs, you remove the IR and you add IS, IS, IT IS some EC is. And for reverbs, you remove the RE and you add es, s, Nothing, o, ns, ease, ed, e, and t. And these endings work for the vast majority of French verbs. However, there are a few little irregulars at chairs to do their own thing and they became exceptions to the rules. There aren't too many, and we've seen quite a few of the more ready. Let's, let's just go through them now. The first step of irregular verbs, I call the really weird Three. The first three irregular verbs are really odd and there's no pattern in them. However, it's especially important to learn these three verbs inside, out, and back to front because they are three of the most common and most useful verbs in the French language. The first verb is alle, meaning to go. And he goes UVA, meaning I go to LA, Hugo, ELA, and Elba, meaning he goes and she goes, News along. We go, whoo Dalai do go, and Yvon, they go. So that's alle, meaning to go. Uva, Java, EVA, EVA, News along W2s Ali is wrong. You should write this Web down onto a cue card, since it's extremely useful. If you know this verb off by heart, then you won't go far wrong. In fact, it would be a good idea to write all the irregular verbs down until if a cue cards so that you can memorize all their weirdness. So the first one was alle, meaning to go UVA, tufa, EVA, EVA, lose along. Ucla, Yvonne. The next really weird irregular verb is quite similar to LA. If you look at how to conjugate LA and then take the v away from the start of those that start with a V and change the double l two a V in those that contain a double l, then you'll have this next verb. So AF, Why is the next verb it means to have? And it goes j. I have to you have ELA and LR. He hasn't. She has. I knew that Yvonne. We have who's IV? You have and is on? They have. So J, 2R, ELA, LR, loser von vis-a-vis isn't. In fact, let's have a look at these two irregular verb side-by-side. So alle and Ofwat, ILA was UVA to that. Moves along UCLA, Yvon. And if you remove the v from the start of all the ones that have a v, and you change the double l's, two V's, then you get the sounds of, Ofwat. So UVA means I go, j means I have to. You go to you have EVA, he goes ill. He has Alva. She goes she has news are long. We go knew that Yvonne we have Rosalie, Hugo, W2s ave. You have, and Yvonne. Dado is wrong. They have in they have, you have the S pronounced as a zed. So it's even on. But because the.'s is followed by a vowel, you can pronounce it and it's pronounced like a zed, so you pronounce it E zone. So UVA to lose along with alle Yvon, J2, LR news Yvonne was IV is on, say, Portland's first to irregular verbs onto cue cards. You could write the French Data Center of one cue card territory over and then by the English. And then when you're practicing, just look at the English side and see if you can remember how to conjugate the verb into fringe. 49. 65p - irregular present tense - être: This next verb completes the trio of really weird verbs. Eta. Eta means to be. And in the present tense it goes x2x3, meaning I am TA. You are LA and LA. He is and she is Newsome. We are 2-SAT, UR and Il-Sung. They are just three two-way LA, LA. New Song. 2-sat is sum. So this is probably the most irregular Of all the verbs is very strange, but it is one of the most useful verbs in fringe is you sweet 2A, LA, LA, Newsome, who's it? And insulin. Now, just one little thing to point out with this verb is that they form, they are sounds very similar to they have. So ill zone means they have Il Sung. They are. The only difference between these two verbs is that they are, is song has an S in front of the o, whereas doesn't. So each zone means they have ILS space ON T, e. The song means they are ILS space S, O, N, T. And the extra S makes it more of a sound. Whereas in they have, is more of a sound. So each zone, they have Il Sung, they are certain they have, it's more like a zed in they are, it's a definite S. Each zone is sun. So practicing those two verbs to say you can get used to have a sound in zone, Il Sung. Either zone means they have Il Sung means they are. So that's the three really weird verbs. We had. Ileus, meaning to go, have, meaning to have, and eta, meaning to be. And I'll aid goes to L VOA News along Rosalie Iran. Then Ofwat means to have that goes to our ELA. Knew that Yvonne was IV, is zone and eta, meaning to b, goes just three. 2a LA, LA, Newsome, who's it is song. And these are the three most irregular verbs in French, but they are also the most useful verbs infringe. So you really need to get your head around these three verbs. So it's a lady's verbs. I recommend you put them on our cue card, on one side of the cue card data center, right, the English, and on the other side, right the fringe. And then to practice them only look at the English side and civic, remember what the fringes. You can also try building your own sentences. So now that you've amassed quite a large amount of vocabulary infringe, you can start to build your own sentences and it's a good way to learn new words. Mixing the old with the new helps to remember the new better. So you can try and make as many senses as you can using these three really irregular verbs. For example, UVA is I go. So you could say UVA on the constant mon, I go and hold a tomorrow. Or news or Von means we have say equal, say Meuse-Argonne, Do what you. We have two cars. Or Il-Sung means they are. So you could say is song on Fonts, last men portion. They are infants next week. Just play around with the verbs and they'll start to sink into your brain and become second nature. 50. 65q - irregular present tense - venir & faire: Now that we've seen the really weird three irregular verbs, we can move on to the less weird six. Now, this next group of six verbs on quite a strange as the last three, you'll start to see, but these webs that there does exist some sort of pattern. So the first verb of this next group of six is veneer. Veneer, which means to come veneer. And it goes, You've young, meaning icon to VR, Yukon, Evian or LLVM. He comes or she comes. New Vernon. We can move in a Yukon. And if Vn, they calm. Zhuge Liang to young, young a via new renin riverine. Even. So you might have noticed that the I, you, he and she forms all sound the same. Uva to VR, even LLVM. Then four, We all you do is you taken off the IR from veneer and you add ins. And for you, you take off the IR from veneer and you add 0s Ed. And so we get new Vernon and move in a. It gets very weird with email because it gets a double N in the middle and it's pronounced ill, vn. So VIE and an ENT. The E and T on the end is silent. But you pronounce the first Vn EV-1 means they come is you've Yang, Yang AVR, AVR. So therefore, it's a very young sound. So it's v and then it's a nasally on, on the end VR GV onto the AVR, AVR. And then it goes new, Vernon, Wu, Renee, and Vn. The next verb is fair. Fair, which means to do or to make fair. And he goes, Hey, meaning idea or I make two Fe, you do, or you make il Fe or L pha means he or she knows, or he or she makes new face-on. We do or we make Vu FET you do or you make and ill phone. They do or they make you Fe, two Fe in Fei, Fei knew face-on who fit if phone. And so again, with this verb, the I, you, he and she forms or sound the same. Xia Fei to Fe, IIFE Lp. Then for we Eggers, new phase zone for you who fit well we've already come across will fit when we were learning the vous form of the present tense. And remember I pointed out various three verbs that have a T in the middle. Vu FET was one of them. You do you make we had Oozie, which is UR and Wu did you say? And so we've seen woof it. And then they do or they make is IGF-1, which is spelled F0 and tea. And actually, this is our fourth verb that we've seen that has an O and T on the end. For vein in the present tense, we've had now Yvonne, vague, go your zone. They have Il Sung. They are. And now il phone. They do or they make. And those are actually the only four verbs in the whole of the French language that do that. So most of the time, the waveform ends in e and t, And it's a silent ENT. But there are four verbs where it's an ON T instead. So Yvon, they go in zone. They have Il Sung. They are. And now il phone. They do what they make. 51. 65r - irregular present tense - dire & voir: As we go through these irregular verbs, you should be writing them down on cue cards. So if you've got to write the last few waves down to scroll back to the last lesson and copy them down. The third verb that belongs to the less weird sex group is deep, meaning to say or to tail deer. And it goes, GOD, which means I say or Ital, 2D. You say or you tell LD. Ld. He says or he tells or she says or she tells newDish zone. We say or we tell. Who did you say or you tell. And indies. They say, oh, they tell GOD, 2D LD, LD, newDish zone, would it and Ely's. So you can probably tell just by hearing this verb, that is anomalous verbs where the I, you, he and she form sounds the same. God, 2D, LD, LD. So it sounds the same. Obviously the Azure and the two are spelled DIS and the L and L are spelt DIT. Then for new, we have the OLS on the end again, nu d zone for WU. Well, it's one that we've already seen is one of the three t verbs, voodoo. And then for they say, or they tell it's LDs. So you can heavy s In the middle, pronounced like a z, ELDs, Judy 2D, elite, LD, Lu De zone, rooted in these. The fourth of this group is what it means to see. And we have Joi, IC, 2v1, UC iL BWA or L1. He sees or she sees luke Huaiyang. We see who've wij, you see, and Ebola. They see what Ofwat a v1, v0, v1. So this verb actually sounds quite normal. It has a patent all the way through. And so the I, you, he, she form, all sound the same as you've watched two y. And in fact, the waveform also sounds the same. So it's 2v1 if L1 is Galois because the ENT on the end of this verb is silent and there's no continent in the middle to pronounce, so you just pronounce it, yield y. Even there is spelled v, o, i, e, and t is just pronounced v1. And then move Huaiyang is, we see the OS on the end. And Vijay is UC, has the ethernet on the end. Joie de Beauvoir, new Huaiyang, move YOU UA. 52. 65s - irregular present tense - boire & conduire: The fifth web of the less we had six is 11, meaning to drink. And it goes Jaguar. I drink tube while you drink Ebola and AWR, he drinks, and she drinks. Nu Bu von. We drink Vu BVA. You drink. And they drink is you'd want to what it, what it was. Newbie von Ruby way, Ebola. So this verb sounds very similar, at least for the IU he and she forms to the verb, meaning to C. They have to listen carefully to here the V and the B. So Joi IC Jerboa, I'll drink Zhuan two L bar. So you can see the IU he and she forms sand the same. Then we have new B1 is we drink. So there's a V that comes from somewhere. Wu BVA, you drink. And that v that came from somewhere, carries on for the Wii U and also convey forms or its il buon silicon here, the V in the middle, the E and T is silent, so it's b, v, e and t. E and t is silent, but you can hear the rest of it either BWA, they drink Joi, 2-bar Ebola, Elba, newbie von Vb Va, guava. And then the sixth and final verb of the less weird sex is conveyer, conduit year. It means to drive country year. And it goes Giancana, I drive to condemn. You drive in Kunduz and L quandary. He drives and she drives new conduit zone. We Dr. Wu convinced you drive and ill Kunduz means they drive, is you can't be too conduit. Quandary L quandary, Namecoin, rezone, VUCA, V-U-C-A boundaries. So you can have at the I, you, he and she forms or sound the same. Zhou conduit to country economy L quandary. Then for the Wii, U and vey, little S appears in the middle. So we get new convince zone, woo, Kunduz, xj, and Kunduz. So the S in the middle of these three is pronounced like Walesa, Zed and the VA Form ill countries. Obviously the E and T is silent on the end, but you pronounce the S because it is followed by the 0s. So new conduit zone, we, Dr. Wu, conducive. You drive and ill countries, they drive. So that's the Group of Six less weird verbs, destiny irregular, but there is some sort of pattern in a lot of them. So they were veneer, which means to come. And that was Jovian to VR, AVR, AVR new venal woven a ISBN. Then fare, meaning to do or to make. That goes is you Fe, two Fe, ill Fei, L Fei knew face-on, view fit, earphone. Then DHEA, which means to say or to tell, goes Judy to d. If d LD Buddhism, would it. Then voir means to see. And that goes Xuan Gua Gua, Gua new Huaiyang, who've wij. Eva, then means to drink, and that goes jaguar, 2-bar Ebola, L bar, newbie von Vb, Va, and guava. And then finally connect via means to drive. And that goes to country economy. L quandary, new Khan, rezone, viewCount and ill Kunduz. 53. 65t - irregular present tense - prendre, comprendre & apprendre: Now the next three irregular verbs, I call the three ponder verbs. And I call them the 3 verbs because they all end in ponder or letters p, e and d, e. This is useful because once you know how to conjugate one of them, the rest of them are pretty simple. So the first verb is ponder, which means to take and conjugate this verb into the present tense. We get Japan, meaning I take two Pong. You take il palm and L pong. He takes, and she takes. So, so far, it looks pretty regular. So we've got the verb Panera. We remove the army from the end. Then we add an s For I take Japan. We add an s For you take two pong. There is nothing to add for he or she takes, so ILO L palm, but it starts to get irregular For the num and Wu versions. So there is a D in these versions just disappears. So we get a new polynomial, which means we take, so that's p r e n o ins. So all that's changed is that the letter D has disappeared. New Han Wu Kornai means you take group 1A and then ETL plan. Ell plan means they take, so that's p e, n, n, e and t. So the EN T on the end is silent, so you pronounce it either Pan, Japan to pawn it upon L upon new 0, 2p, horny and ELL plan. So the other two verbs follow that same pattern. Compound tra means to understand, and it's conjugated in the exact same way as ponder. The only difference is there that is COM, in front. So compounded means to understand. And in the present tense we get x2 component. I understand. To compound. You understand il component and L components. He and she understands. New component means we understand. So again, the d disappears. Wu company means you understand in the plural or the formal. And E complain. They understand. So it's spelled the same as meaning they take, but it has the letters COM in front of it. So as you compound a to compound, you compound L components, new company, woo company, you complain. And then the final verb of the three ponds are verbs is up Honda, which means to learn upon and conjugate this verb into the present tense. We get Japan, meaning island. Two upon. You learn IL upon or ala pong. He learns and she learns new app renal or news up pono means we learn, whew up RNA or RNA. You learn and append or ears up pin means they learn. So the first one, Japan, we have J apostrophe because it starts with an a Japan two upon L upon L upon new soprano Who's up ONE and either pin. So that's the three pont of IBS. Ponder to take compounds to understand and upon her to learn. And when you know how to conjugate, ponder the other to fall into place, Japan to pawn it upon L upon new porno. Wu point a, it UPENN. 54. 65u - irregular present tense - dormir, partir & sentir: The five odd conjugation verbs. Finally, we have a group of five ir verbs who have decided to create their own conjugation group. I've no idea why, but these verbs do something a little bit odd when you conjugate them for leisure to YL and l. So I, you, he and she, they lose the consonant in front of the eye on the end. That means you basically remove the last three letters before adding the appropriate endings. And the appropriate endings for this group of five verbs are virtually identical to the IV, IV endings. The only difference is that there is a T for he and she rather than nothing. So the endings for this group of five verbs are S, four, S, 42, a, T for eel and L. O ins, or on for new ys ED or a wu. And a silent ENT, four, il, meaning VA. So the first verb in this group is domino, meaning to sleep. So don't forget for the two year and l, we remove the last three letters for the rest of them we ever move the last two letters. So we get chador, spelt DO IRS, meaning I sleep, door to door. Dos, meaning you sleep too, though. Indoor and outdoor. Spelled DOT means he sleeps or she sleeps. New Dharma, we sleep. Wu Dao Mei, You sleep. And Eldon, they sleep. So we take off the MIR and we add S, S and a T for Two and iL L. And then for the rest of them we just take off the IR and then we add o, ns is dead. And E and T is your door to door, indoor and outdoor. New normal, voodoo army in dome. The next verb in this group is patio, meaning to leave. So we get I leave to power. You leave it. Or L bar, he believes or she leaves. New Path. We leave 2pi f day, you leave and the impact, they leave. So again for two eland L, we take off the last three letters. So we remove the TIGR and we're left with PAR, and we add to the end S four and S for two and a t for eland L. And then we have for the rest of them new piton, Wu parte and impact Japan to pack it. New Parton who parte impact. So you can hear the difference between EPA, meaning he leaves and impact, meaning they leave because they form. The verb ends in e and t. So the tea in front of that is pronounced clearly impact. But the T on the end of he leaves is silent. The next verb in this group is scientia, meaning to feel some tier. And we get just sang. Meaning I feel to sung. You feel ill sum and Elson. He feels and she feels new zone TA1, we feel Busan day. You feel and innocent. They feel just Song to song is sung. L some news on Palm. Busan t isn't. 55. 65v - irregular present tense - sortir & servir: The fourth verb in this group of 500 conjugation verbs is soft tier, meaning to go out. So forget for two e and L, we remove the last three letters. And then for the rest of them, we remove the last two letters before adding the appropriate endings. So soft Tia is to go out. We get just saw, meaning I go out to so you go out and l So he goes out or she goes out. New soft tone. We go out, W2s of TEI. You go out and ESA vagal out. You just saw, you saw, you saw Elsa, news of Tang, Wu De. And then the final verb is Salvia, meaning to serve salvia. And we get just say. Meaning I have to say you serve is saying or elsewhere. He says or she serves new cellphone. We serve Wu, CLV, you serve and ECL. They serve to say newest album, roost LV. And so that's the 500 conjugation verbs. Do Mia, meaning to sleep. Judah, Judah indoor elder, knew Domo, would army is DOM. Path tier, meaning to leave Japan to bar, L bar, UPA, impact. Scientia, meanings to feel. Your song to song. Song is some news on Tang Wu Zhong De isn't soft TEA, meaning to go out. You just saw two saw Isar, LSR, New Thought don t and is soft. And then Salvia, meaning to serve. You say to say insert, insert new salvo roofs LV itself. And the interesting thing about the verbs in this group is that you can hear the difference between the heavy and they versions of the verb because the he, the continent on the end is silent. But for VA, you can hear the consonant. So he sleeps and they sleep. Yield o il Dom. He leaves and they leave. Either IPAT he feels, and they feel ill some Isn't. He goes out and they go out. You so you sought and he serves. And they serve. Is there itself. 56. 65w - irregular present tense recap: So we've seen 17 irregular verbs in the present tense. Now, we started with the Rayleigh, we add three, then we had the last, we had six, then the three-point of IBS, and finally the five or conjugating verbs. So the really weird three were highly meaning to go, have, to have and eta to be. Then the less we're six where veneer to come fare to do or to make, dir, to say, or to tell voir to see what, to drink and canoe year, meaning to drive. Then we have the three pont of EBS, Panera, meaning to take compander to understand and upon her to learn. And finally, we had the five odd conjugation verbs. Dormir to sleep, patio, to leave, scientia, to feel, soft tear, to go out, and Salvia to serve. So these 17 verbs are all irregular in the present tense. Some of them are more irregular than others, but hopefully you'll be able to see a pattern arise in the slightly less irregular ones. If you get some cue cards and write down the conjugations for all of these webs. And you'll have 17 cards that you can use to practice. Let's practice now with some practice translations. How would you say in French? They are going on holiday next week. Yvonne on vaccines last min, Pushin event on backbones, last min portion. Pa is going to Paris with me tomorrow and we're giving thereby train Pierre aperiodic, MDMA, a news alone law on TOM, PAM. Or they can weatherman a news alone law on time. You have my passport at your house. Oh, visa vi mom, passport. Ooh. I have everything here with me. J2. J2 dC of x. 57. 65x - irregular present tense practice: How would you say in French? They have the tickets for tomorrow. Is only Ba Padma. Is only Ba Padma. They've been here for two hours. Is on Tc. Tc. Sophie is in a hurry. So V a Plessy. Plessy. They're coming to our house next Thursday and they're spending two weeks here. She knew Judy Pasha, a past due cement. Ec knew Judy portion a pass this main.cc. He's making dinner force at six o'clock. In faded in APL new ideas. If they really Naipaul new idea Twitter. So I've used the 24-hour clock and I've said this VT air, which means it's in the evening because it's talking about dinner. But you could use the 12-hour clock and say CSL, meaning six o'clock in the evening. I would you say, I'm making something special view. You fake. It shows the spatial patois, is you feed cable shows the spatial patois. So don't forget that if you use an adjective after the word for something, which is calico shows you have to put the little word do in front of the adjective, says something special. Dlco shows. How would you say you are doing it now? Oh, we're driving to London tonight. New convey zone along new convey zones alone. I'm driving their car. You can't rely on the Mac goo goo. They're giving out tonight. 58. 65y - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How do you say in French? We are going to the cinema tonight and then we're eating at the restaurant next to the hotel. New xylem cinemas as a pre or restaurant equity, do Row tailor, news anonymous in a mess as far a pre pneumonia or restaurant equity doodle tail. They have a bottle of wine. I think you are very funny. Euler. Euler. He's coming to the theater with Sophie next week. Or data of exosomal Jasmine portion. If the amplitude of x of t Jasmine Pushin. She's doing everything today because we're getting and hold him Friday. If a2 aujourd'hui Pascal news alone or by correspond ready? Lfa tutorial Pascal news. Alonzo of icons won't ready. I CPA every Tuesday when I go to the supermarket, you've got to lay malady. Osu Mao Shi Xue webpage to the melody, chords, you vaso soup, marshy. They're drinking a bottle of red wine with dinner. A0b1, a1b0, a0b1 have in the van who have equity name. You would drive into London and then you're going to ma se by plane. Two countries alone. A pre MFC on avian alone can easily MRC on IVR. She's taking the passports with her because I lost them last year. Only passport. You lazy landed anywhere? Only possible. Have a basket zoo, lazy, val doula need anywhere. So in this sentence we have, I lost them. Your lays, a Purdue. And the PLD has an S on the end because it referring to something plural. I lost them. Julie, APL you or you lazy parallel do. How would you say we'd been learning French for three is lose upon all fancy, deplete ozone. News upon only francais. 59. 65z - let's practise - French to English: Now let's have a go at doing some reverse translations. What do these French sentences mean in English? Ecc, sois. You those EC, CSR. I'm sleeping here tonight. It packed P onto vascular tampon ethe path at transit VT_2, vascular tampon nice pan at 20. They're leaving soon because the train for nice leaves at three o'clock. You say obliquity DNA, do I deserve, I will tell you, say of liberty, the GNA, the setter. I looked in. They serve breakfast from seven o'clock until ten o'clock at the hotel. Lose out on Don Michelle. Apa. Magazine is a worrisome news upon Don Michelle API measures a pot with some were waiting for Michelle and Pierre, But I don't know where they are. To Ramon, DC power only to Dmanisi. Normally. Everybody here speaks English. If he needs a setter. Assets. They finished at seven o'clock. Avik my GMO, GC demand or Vic Murray. I'm eating here tomorrow with Marie. Is shown pass keys on top, you pay nothing. They're changing the reservation because they're busy until seven o'clock. Luan Zhu, Pascal's UVA Columbia. Amar say Denise. New Luan Zhu. Cuz you for Andrea Amar say Denise. We're hiring car for two days because I want to drive tomorrow, say from nice jacket K Pew shows without any jacket, K2 shows, do that Asian Pomona ME. I'm buying something from the region with my friend. 60. 65z2 - let's recap - English to French: What we'll do now are some recount translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How do you say in French? I might Murray's house. She Mary, just three. Shame ALI. Do you want to finish it tomorrow? Vulli Vulli funnier. The man who Lithuania demand. Lunch is at three o'clock. It accounts. I'm going to the toilet. Or 20th? 20th. I would like him to the coffee, please. Ongoing cafe silver play and coffee. See replay. Whom do you like? Tm2, BMI V02. I would like this in dark blue on blue, on blue, fancy. I'm not going to have a croissant. I would like a taxi for eight people at five o'clock, please. And the address is 18. And taxi per week person at de-Sitter Cebu play l address a de suite. You would write down taxi per week person, IDC Topsy replay it, address a de suite. They have this jacket in bank. At UCI, blue zone on NWA, have EBU, blue zone on NWA. 61. 65z3 - let's recap - French to English: Now let's do some French to English recap translations motor these friends indices mean in English. Nano ETL he sees as well. Do you want to try the food here tonight? To turn right at the Roundabout, canal a2. A2 DUA. The canal is straight on the abdomen. Shape the abdomen. I'm going to PS house tomorrow. Where do you want to go? At two sub Blue Zone. Ou see Blue Zone three. Do you have this jacket in grey? Monday trace Tampa ANOVA tool, a deadly serious. To learn the API sample. Everybody is very nice and the food is delicious. And virally. Among unduly. Do you have a coat in purple? C2 Antiguan tabular. That said you Antiguan tabular. That's a very big table. Are today palm. Ou de palm. Do you have any apples? 62. 66a - structure 2 - introduction: Remember how a few lessons ago we learned about the first structure infringe? Well, in this lesson, I'm going to introduce you to the second structure. This structure uses the present tense to form questions and statements in a very similar fashion to the first structure. Structure to is probably my favorite store, dream fringe. Although I do love them all. It consists of just two pots. And here's an example of it in use. Could Mujib ou? Can Muji Wu means what are you eating module. And it's made up of a question word, in this case, meaning what. And then an inverted present tense, Moji bu, which means are you eating? So Mozi Wu means what are you eating? Now Stroke to two will be easier for you to pick up. Then structure one, mainly because you already know all the question words. Let's just have a quick recap of them. How do you say in French, where? What? At what time? Again? When come how common? Which or which one? Y book qua how much or how many? Colombian, how long, which is literally Hamlet's time. Colombia, the tone, who or whom key. So what we can now do with this second structure is start to build up questions using the two parts, the question word and the inverted present tense. Have a go at writing down as many questions as you can think of just by using a question word and then an inverted present tense. Here are a few examples to get you started. 2pi x2. Who pager means where do I pay? Cafe Zhou. Cool. Fei Zhou. Worldwide. Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh. Where are you going? Could be review. It. Could be a wou. What are you drinking? Kumarajiva. Kumarajiva. Was you eating? By doing this, I'm building practice sentences. You'll not only get yourself more familiarized with the vocabulary and the structure, but you'll also, without even thinking, reduce the time it takes for you to string a sentence together in fringe. So how would you say in French, Where are we going? Along new alone knew. How are you paying? Ooh. Ooh. When are we giving out? Soft con noon console. 63. 66b - structure 2 - extra information: How do you say in French, what do you trying? Casey gave woo. Woo. So just note that the question word spelled QU shortens to QU apostrophe when you place it in front of a word that starts with a vowel or the rest of H. So how would you say, what is he eating? So again, just note that when you use l or l And the verb ends in a vowel, you have to put t in between to join the 2S together. So rather than saying, Manoj, ill, we say, c'mon steel will talk about this a bit more in a later lesson. So till means, what is he eating? How would you say in French, what are you doing? Could fit woo. Woo. How is he paying? A t? Common paid till. So again, In this sentence, the verb ends in a vowel letter E, and we're using ill. So we put a t in between pay and ill. So rather than saying common pay ill with a common paid till, it's only because it sounds nicer and it helps it to flow. So common paid till. How would you ask, what are they trying? Ka-sat case say till. Now, just like with structure one instructor to, there is also an optional part that you can put on the end. The extra information. The extra information are all the nouns, adjectives, time, weight, et cetera, that you can add to the end. A question is to add extra information. For example, Cafe at voussoir. Counterfeit voussoir means, what are you doing tonight? Emoji Buddha man. The Buddha man. Where are you eating tomorrow? Or well-lived movement? Snow White Eve movements, no. Where are you going now? So SUA means tonight. Demand means tomorrow, and maximum means now. And they are all examples of extra information that we can add to the end of structure two questions. 64. 66c - stucture 2 - no question word: How would you ask infringe? What are you doing now? Women's movements known. What do you buying for Pierre? Pierre? What time are we eating later? Achilles, module nucleotides are killer. Module new outta. You can manipulate structure too in many different ways. For example, you can take certain bits out to make different types of questions. You don't always have to stake a question word at the start. For example, let's see what happens when you take the question word away. How would you ask in French? Are you eating? Muj woo, woo? Are they eating here? Most teams, DC. Are you paying the bill? Are you buying some Gs? Are stay voodoo format. Do format. Are you going now? Aleve, woman and a woman tunnel. Am I paying the bill? Pays you Edison page you, let assume. Now the present tense is made up of two words, as we've seen, the pronoun and the verb. For example, GMOs means I, eat is a pronoun and manage is the verb. If you swap these two elements around is called inverting them. And you have to put a hyphen in the middle, and this makes them into a question. For example, voom on j means you're eating. If we invert them, we get more Ji Bu. And this means Are you eating? So when you switch the two wells around, you put a hyphen in the middle. 65. 66d - structure 2 - inversion: We've just had a quick look at inverting the patent tends to make it into a question. For example, woman j means you're eating and it's made up of a pronoun Wu, which means you. And mu j is the verb to invert it or we do, is we switch the pronoun and the verb around and put a hyphen in the middle. So Vermeij means you're eating and mageia Wu means are you eating? Now inverting works fine for all persons except for one. The third person singular, which is the he or she person. I'll talk about this exception in a minute, but for now, let me just show you how it works normally. So Germans means I eat. If we invert, we get Modu module, which means am I eating? To launch, means you eat in the question and the inversion we get launched to launch two. Which means do you eat or are you eating? Pneumonia? Pneumonia means we eat. If we invert it, we get Mangione new marginal noon means are we eating or do we eat? Woman j, as we've already seen, means you eat. In a question, we get more. Which means are you eating? Is munge. It means they eat. If we invert them, we get munched till most till, which means are they eating? In the non question version of this, in the word mortgage ends in e and t, But I forget that the e and t is silent, so we don't pronounce the T ill, they eat. But when we inverted, then the T is now followed by the letter i, which is a vowel. So when the T on the end of a word is followed a vowel, we can pronounce it. So rather than saying Manoj, ill, we pronounce it Monty. Monty steel. So we can pronounce the T when it's been inverted. Now, whenever you invert the present tense, you simply swap the pronoun and the verb around and put a hyphen in the middle. However, if you want to invert with ill or L, Meaning he or she has an extra thing to remember. So in mono means he eats or he's eating. In a question, we get more steel. More steel, which means does he eat or is he eating? So whenever you invert with l or l, you have to put a little t in between the verb and the pronoun. That's only if the verb ends in a vowel. This is simply because it sounds nicer to French ears because no the reason. So if the verb ends in a vowel, then we have to put a t in between the verb and the noun, ill or L. And T is surrounded by hyphens. So Munch, hyphen, hyphen, Manchus till, does he eat or is he eating? If the verb doesn't end in a vowel, you haven't got to do this. So for example, L compound means she understands. Compound L. Does she understand? So we don't need the t in this situation is only when the verb ends in a vowel. So if it ends in a AEIOU, let's have a look at some examples. Eel pal means he speaks. Pal till means is he speaking? It mounted. He is eating more still. Is he eating ill? He is leaving. Now, it doesn't end in a vowel, so we don't need an extra t. So when we invert, we just get back till. And so you already have the t sound in the middle. That's why we don't add an extra one. Tactile means is he leaving or does he leave? It? Compound? Means he understands. And again, it doesn't end in a vowel. So when we invert this time, we don't need the t. Compounding. Compounding. It means does he understand? Ihl? Ela has f, means he is reserving and it ends in a vowel. So when we invert, we put the tea in the middle and we get a has f till. It has f till, which means is he reserving? 66. 66e - structure 2 - recap of parts: Let's do a quick recap of all the question words and then also some common inverted present tense verbs. So we can start to use them to make some examples for structure to, how do you say infringe? Where? What, at what time? When Khan. How comma? Which or which one? Why? How much or how many? How long, or how much time. From the undertone. Who or whom? Key. How would you say are you eating? Or is he drinking? What are you ordering? Commodities. Are we trying? Are you paying a buh or a2? Is she doing? Are we hiring? Is he going are you taking 0.2? Does she have a tail? Are we changing? Am I buying? I shit you are you starting? Are they contain are we giving out self-taught? 67. 66f - structure 2 - practice: How do you say in French? Are they leaving? Bafta tail or two tail? So in this example, we have two T's. So there's the first T And then the second T on the end. So you pronounce it twice, path to till and path to tell. If you didn't pass it twice, then it sounds too much like is he leaving or is she leaving back till or bath tell sounds like is he leaving or is she leaving? So we say path to till and path to tailor. How would you ask, are you bringing ooh, or Apata too? Is he spending as an ED spending money? Still? Is. He's spending time. Passed till. Are we seeing why? Are you calling apple IBM or Apple L2? Are they staying? Arrested steel or has to tell? So this is another example of where we have two T's in the verb. In the normal non question present tense, you wouldn't hear the T on the end, so it'll just means they are staying. But in a question, we have to tease arrested TDL. So we had the first tea anyway because it is followed by an E, the E and T. But then the second T normally isn't pronounced. But because it is followed by an i in it, we do pronounce it. Arrested TDL. Or how would you ask, do you find Toby wu or 122? So let's practice with some actual questions. How would you ask in French, what is he doing? Cafe till. Cafe till. How are you paying the bill? Come on. Come on. Which one is she buying? Taylor. Taylor. 68. 66g - structure 2 - two meanings: How would you ask in French, Why are we hiring a car? In wet years? How much are you eating? Columbia Mujib ooh. Ooh. Where are you hiring a car? When are they eating? Till what time are you going? Now, English has more ways of saying the same thing as French does. So sometimes things can get a little confusing. When you're asking a question using structured to in English, there are two ways to say it. For example, What are you eating or what do you eat are both the same? Infringe curmudgeon OO. So Kumarajiva ou can mean what are you eating or what do you eat? This is because firstly, there is no ink ING in fringe, so eating doesn't exist. And secondly, the little question where do doesn't exit infringe either? So if neither of these waves exist at all in French, or we have left is what you eat. So rather than saying What do you eat, you just say infringe what you eat. So to make it into a question, the French just flip the verb and the paradigm around, as we've seen there, literally infringe or saying what each u, which is module. So that means what are you eating or what do you eat? So there's always one way that has an ink and one way that has a due. In English, we can say infringe, There is no is ink or our Ng. So where am I going, for example, where is he going? Where are you going? Monetize existing fringe. Therefore, whenever you see that, just look at what the verb is instead. For example, where are you going? Well, the R and the indirect exists and we can take those out. And we're just left with where you go. Woo, woo. Similarly, the little question would do that often appears in English. Questions doesn't exist in fringe, so just ignore it in the question. When do you leave? Or it can get rid of the word Do. And we're left with, when you leave. Calm. Ooh. So competetive woman's, When do you leave? Literally when leave you. So there is no in or do infringed questions. And in English, there are always two ways to ask the same thing in French. For example, common Zhi Bu means what do you eat or what are you eating? Comparative Wu means when do you leave or when are you leaving? Vienna means when delay calm, or when are they coming? 69. 66h - structure 2 - two meanings: In the question, what do you do? There are to do with the first one. We call the question do. The second one is the actual verb, which is the one you use in French. So the first due in what do you do doesn't exist in French. So really what we say is what you do, which is FET Wu cafe to whom. But also remember that in English, there are two ways to ask a question. So cafe Wu can mean, what do you do or what are you doing? As do some more practice. How would you say in French, Where are you eating? Where do you eat? Ooh. Ooh, ooh. When does he finish? How would you ask when is he finishing? So whether you were saying when does he do something or when is he doing something? It's the same infringe. So when does he finish and when is he finishing? Are both company till how would you say when do we arrive? When are we arriving? Why do you say that? 2xa. 2xa. Why are you saying that? 2xa? 2xa. What are they doing? 70. 66i - structure 2 - two meanings: How would you ask in French, what do they do? Quantile. Quantile. What do they drink? More than a drinking? Till f tilde. What are you eating? What you eat? Ooh. Ooh. Where is he going? Where does he go? What are they saying? What do they say here? Could distill these TDC. Does he speak English? Only? Speaking English? Only. Does she arrive tomorrow. If she arriving tomorrow. 71. 66j - structure 2 - two meanings: How would you ask in French, what time do they leave tonight? What time are they leaving tonight? How many pizzas are you ordering? Come AND pizza. Combi and pizza, common DB2. How many pizzas do you order usually? And the word for usually in fringe is w2, w0 2D, it spelled D apostrophe a BIT, you debit, you'd sort of like the English word, habitually. Habitually, or out of habit. How many pizzas do you order? Pizza? Udemy, cheetah can meander. Pizza means usually. How would you ask, how much wind does he drink? How much wind is he drinking? Combi and the bandwidth till, till. What are they making? Co-found till coupon till. So the word fun FIN t comes from the verb fare. And we learned a few lessons ago that fair means to do and to make. So what are they making co-found till could also be, what are they doing infringe. How would you ask, What do they make? Are you trying to wine? I say yay boo, Levon essay gave Lavon. 72. 66k - structure 2 - two meanings: How would you ask him French wine. Ooh, Lavon. Are you making a reservation? Fit who fit within a reservation? Do you make a reservation? Usually. Ooh. Ooh. What do you having? Ooh. Ooh. What do you have? Where are they eating tomorrow? Most till demand. Are you eating with me today? Ooh. Ooh. When is the cooling? When does he call you ordering for us? Kikkoman, the viewpoint. She ordering for me as well. See, commanded tapeworm, mouseY. 73. 66l - structure 2 - two meanings: How would you ask him French? Why are you here for quiet at Moody C? Why are they here? For class on TCC, ISI. What are you doing here? Could fit VC, could fit Oozie. See? Which one is she buying? K1, k2. Which ones do you have? Oo. Oo. Are you being stupid? I'll be leaving soon. Do we leave soon? Are you drinking the wine? Do you drink wine? And infringe when you're talking about doing something in general. So do you drink wine in general? You have to say, do you drink the wine? How are we going to fund Fudan ponds? 74. 66m - structure 2 - practice: How would you ask him French? When are they going out? When do they go out? Softer. Or you're going out later? Soft. Soft DB2. Is he leaving today? Is he here? A-t-c? A-t-c. Are we speaking with Marie? Buffalo new adequately cooling? Ooh. Ooh. What do you taking with you tomorrow? Woodman. Would you take with you? Ooh. Ooh. Ooh, ooh. What are they changing? Why are they changing the reservation? 75. 66n - structure 2 - practice: How would you ask him French, where I was staying tonight. Are you staying here? A VC. Does he stay here very often? And the word for often will often in French is gone. And it's spelled S, V and T. Von. Ec, TDC tie swan. What time are you eating? Ooh. Ooh. Which one are you taking? K. Why are you going with them? Why do you go with them? So with them is a vector and the EUR-Lex, ooh. Why are they going to Paris? On till apathy. Why do they go to Paris? Why are you taking that? 2xa? 2xa. Why do you take that 2xa? 2xa? Telling whom are you seeing? Qi Wu. Water they bringing Where is she going tonight? Why are you giving now? Sentinel poor-quality woman tunnel. 76. 66o - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How do you say infringe most you buying for marine or wherever she going tomorrow. What time are we eating at the restaurant tonight? Module knew. Why are they changing the reservation? Are you trying some French food? Sat or ACT? Is ordering a bottle of wine for the table. Commodity. Tablo. Pal. What time are they getting out in tomorrow? I can't have sought to T What are they taking on holiday? When does the film stopped? Lithium common scheme? What is she doing at University? A university could fit data, University. 77. 66p - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What do these French sentences mean in English? Upa stimulator constitute any data set, any. Where are you spending the holidays this year? Apoptotic shows police on phone. Apata till Calico shows police on phone. Are they bringing something for the children? Who Misha cooling. Both qua Why are we hiring a car? Ooh. Ooh. How much are you ordering? Does she have the time to complete those? How much money is he spending? Ooh, ooh. Ooh, ooh. Are they staying here with you at the hotel? What time are we leaving? State? Electron g. Electron g. How much time is she's spending abroad? 78. 66q - let's recap - English to French: What we'll do now are some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How do you say in French? I would like a table for four, please. Tablet BroadcastReceiver play. Rising tablet BroadcastReceiver play. Excuse me. What time is it? Excuse. Excuse. My dinner is terrible. Monday. Monday night. Yes. Everything is very good. Thank you. We two-way table mercy. We do the typo. Mercy. The chicken is absolutely terrible. Absolutely Monte available. It absolutely won't be available. Are you going to order a T that you Comandante or 2w? Comandante. It's at half past five. C a sanctuary, Dhimmi, status anchor re-do me. I'm not going to be as house tomorrow. Jigme, Nyima, APL derma. Go straight on and then turn right. I need to do a pre tornado that I need to do to add what have we done everything for tomorrow? And don't forget that infringe when you're talking about the past tense and you have a word like everything go too much. You put that in front of the past participle. So literally you would say, have we, everything done for tomorrow? I will knew to Fe Padma. I will new two-phase Haldeman. But if you said Avenue Fe2 Padma, you'd still be understood. 79. 66r - let's recap - French to English: And now let's do some French to English recap translations. What do these friends sentences mean in English? But hopefully, the police. Boheme, Messiah, do police. How do I get to the police station? Uva Luay. Invite your AC as you evaluate, invite your ISI. I'm going to hire a car here. Lu Magazine. What luma exam. That the shop is on the right. 18 occupied the man. Is he busy tomorrow? Say San contour, WHO Bourdieu person to person. It's €50 for two people. I'm not tired. Just restaurants as well. I'm not going to the restaurant tonight. I'm too busy. I would like two tickets for Paris. J epsilon. J. J has been tabular portrait person. Me. I've booked a table for three people, but I would like to change it to four people. Mpa. I don't understand him. Or it can also mean I don't understand it. 80. 67a - French pronunciation: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the previous lesson. How would you ask in French, what are you eating? What you eat? Where is he going? What are they saying? Could these steel does he speak English? Party Longley? Is he speaking English? Penalty normally? Now let's have an entire lesson on French pronunciation, law. Pollen chiasm phone says, I'll start this lesson by saying that your French pronunciation doesn't have to be perfect. You want friend Jeff rule. However, the closer you can get to sounding fringe, the more mistakes you can get away with this, because if you make a mistake while speaking French with an English sounding accent, it'll stick out and people will notice, although they probably wouldn't say anything. However, if you make a mistake while speaking French with a very French sanding accent has a better chance of it going unnoticed. The reason for this is because it isn't just foreigners who make mistakes. People made mistakes in their own language all the time. That's why they go unnoticed. It's just that if you make the mistake with a strange accent, a standout. I remember when I was at university and there was a student from Russia who spoke English with a perfect British accent. If you were to speak to him and you probably wouldn't realize he wasn't from Britain. Then there was another student who came from Greece. The second student spoke English with a very strong Greek accent. Sometimes made it a little difficult to understand him. Through my daily conversations with both students, I always assumed that the Russian student spoke better English than the Greek student. However, when I read through two essays written bye-bye students, I was shocked. The Russian students essay was little bit mistakes. Whereas the Greek students essay was written in absolutely perfect English. Since reading their essays, I took closer notice to both of them when they spoke English. I realized that even though the Russian students had a very good British accent, he made lots of grammatical errors, but I hadn't noticed them before because he's good acts and hit them. The Greek student, on the other hand, actually spoke pretty perfect English and hardly ever made a grammatical error. Yet. If you heard him speak because he has such a strong Greek accent, It didn't sound like he was speaking good English. Having good Potentiation can hide a myriad mistakes when speaking a foreign language. It's easier to understand somebody who pronounces words clearly, even if they make lots of mistakes, than somebody who is foreign accent is very strong. French isn't too difficult to pronounce anyway, most of the letters are pronounced exactly the same as they are in English. There were just a few little differences that we shall cover in this lesson. 81. 67b - Consonants - C: Lee console on the continents. Let's start with the letter C in French. But let us see, in French has three different pronunciations, just like in English. When you have a C followed by the letters a, C, O, U, L, or R. And you always pronounce it as a hard see, like the c in cat in English. For example, Cato. Cato means a present or gift. Cooler. Cooler is color. Q2. Q2 means culture. Clay. Clay means key, and phi_1 crayon means pencil. So a c followed by an a. Or a is pronounced like a harsh C, as in the c in cat. A, c followed by an E. I, or the letter y, is pronounced like an S is a soft c, like we see in english word City. For example, sulla. Sulla means that cigarette. Cigarette means cigarette. Sikhism. Sikhism means cycling. So a c followed by an E, i or a y is soft. And this means it's pronounced like an S. Let us see, followed by h has two different pronunciations. Usually it's like B-A-S-H In English word shame. So it's sound. However, if it's followed by an R or an L, then it's pronounced like a K instead. For example, shows, shows means thing. Sean. Sean Day means to sing. But then if you have a CH followed by an R or an L is pronounced like a K. So cut Jiang. Catia means christian. Cloud. Cloud means chlorine. So a CH is usually pronounced like an SH in English. Sure. But when it is followed by an R or an L is pronounced like plotted k. Finally, a C with a set dealer. So when you see that a C with a little squiggle underneath it, that squiggle is called as a dealer. And whenever you see one of these, c is always pronounced like an S. So San. San means that. Desu. Desu means disappointed. Francais means french. And listen. Listen means lesson. So that's what I see in French. 82. 67c - Consonants - G & H: The French g. Just like let us see, the letter G in French also has three different pronunciations. A G followed by an a, U, L, or R, has what's known as a hard pronunciation. This means that it's pronounced like the G in the English word goat. For example. Guarantee means guaranteed. Golf means go off. Good means guide. Glassy means to freeze. And gong means big or tall. So a G, followed by an a, U, L, or R, is pronounced like the G in the English word, goat, serve as a good sound. On the other hand, a G, followed by an E, i, or y, is a soft sound and it's pronounced like the G in the English word mirage. Sand. For example. Jiang. Jiang means Giant. Giraph. Giraph means giraffe. Gymnasts. Gymnasts means gym. So a G followed by an E, i or y is a soft G, So it's sort of like Azure sound. A G followed by an N. Infringe produces the same sort of sound as the n in the English word onion. So it's almost like it's an n y Sound near. So whenever you see a G N in French, imagine instead an n. Why? For example, on your own, on your own means or noon. And new. And new means, lamb. Menial. Menial means cute. Or RNA. Rna means spider. So a g, n sound is almost like an NY, a near sound. The French h. The letter h infringe is never pronounced. We've already had the word for horrible. Say Leibler means it is horrible. We don't pronounce the h. For example, eastward. East-west means history or story. Fsm. Fsm means hedgehog. Era. Era means happy. So you never pronounce the H, like we do in English is with a silent letter. In French. 83. 67d - Consonants - J, S & R: The French J. The letter J is very soft infringe. It's the same sound as the letter G in the English word mirage. So it's a sound. For example, x2 means I. Julie. Julie means pretty. Zhen. Xun means IUWM. The French S. The letter S in French has two different pronunciations. If you have the letter S in between two vowels, then you pronounce it as though is as Zed. For example, frizzy. Frizzy means clearly. Visa. Visa means face. Tv. Tv means television. Oz. Oz means today. You Xin. Yi Xin means factory. So if you have a val in front of an S And the vowel after Uranus, you pronounce it like a zed. Anywhere else that you see, the letter S infringe is pronounced like the S in sun in English, so it's a sound. This includes when an AES is at the beginning of a word, is a double.'s, or is in front of a consonant. Just note that the S at the end of a word in French, however, is silent. So saddle. Saddle means dirty. Poisson. Poisson means fish. Special, space. Cn means special. This town. This town means destiny. Siemens. Siemens means science. The French are. Now one letter that can make or break your French accent is the French are, it's probably the most distinctive letter in French. It's nothing like the English are, is pronounced in the back of the throat. It almost sounds like the C, H in the word lock when the Scottish people say Loch Ness. So it's a sound. If you can get this letter right, your sound very fringe, but don't worry if you can't get it right straight away, keep practicing and it'll consume. The only time that the letter R isn't pronounced infringe is when you have a verb that ends in ER. For example, Hogan today. Hogan today means to watch. So you pronounce the first day, the second ours even heard already gathered day, but the end is just pronounced day. So when you have an E on the end of a verb infringe is pronounced a Zaydan, heavy are a hogan day means to watch. But every other time you see the letter R, you pronounce it at the back of the throat. Syriza. Sound funny. Funny. Means to finish at tundra atan on means to wait. 84. 67e - Vowels: Leave YOLO the valves. Now, firstly, I'll just say this fronts is a very big country and there are also other Francophone or French-speaking countries all over the world, more than 30 of them. In fact, this means that there are many different accents infringe, just like there are in English. I'm talking about the way people speak, not little lines above letters, which are also called accents. Just in case you're wondering. The biggest thing that makes accents different is the way that vowels are pronounced. So if you travel through funds, you'll notice people pronounce words differently depending on where you are. This is just the same as if you go to Scotland, America, Australia, England or Nigeria. Everybody speaks English, but they pronounce the word slightly differently. If you get the chance to travel to different French speaking countries, you'll notice how differently people speak in funds to Canada, Senegal, or the Seychelles. In these courses, I'll show you the most common way to pronounce the words, which is the way that will be understood by all French speakers. However, the fact that there were many different accents all over France and the French speaking world is a good thing for us. Luminous. It means that if we pronounce a word slightly wrong will still be understood. Because the French are used to hearing lots of different ways of saying things. In the next section, we're going to be looking at the association of vowels in French. You will notice that there are many subtle changes with different vowels when they're put with different letters. I wouldn't bother spending too long looking at these differences. Just keep them in the back your mind. It can be off putting if you spend too long examining and trying to memorize all the differences, we're going to have a quick glance at the differences. But remember that it's best to learn the pronunciation for each word as you go along. And if you get the pronunciation wrong as well as the French say, say larvae, which means that's life. And at the end of this lesson, I'll give you a little tip on how to develop a good French accent. A lot of time in French, you can use your English instinct to work out how to pronounce the vowels. However, here are a few tips to help you along the letter a. Mess of the time. If you see an a with no other vowels, you just pronounce it like the a in the English words, cat and Apple. So it's an sound, the letter E. There are too many surprises when it comes to the E. The only thing to really watch out for is when it's at the end of a word vino accent, it's not pronounced. The continent in front of the vowel is pronounced. However. For example, in the French word for table, you pronounce it tab, so you can hear the L, But the ESR and words in English that end in EN, T, a and T, and O and T are actually the same in French. However, you pronounce their industry letters as ohm. For example, in English we have the word different. In French, use a default home. We have the word important. In French, you say amp often. The letter I in French is usually pronounced like the letter I in the English word igloo, so it's an e sound. The letter O. Well, rule of thumb would be to pronounce the letter o, like the o in the English words on or off 70 sound. You pronounce the letter u in French, like the U in English name Susan woo. Woo. However, when you see an O and a you together, it's pronounced like the EU in the English word, cruel. Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh. So they're very similar sounds. 85. 67f - Glottal Stop: The glottal stop. What on earth is a glottal stop? I hear you cry. Well, the glottal stop is where the throat closes and then opens quickly, releasing a slight burst of air. You make it rational stop at the start of words like eight or ouch. So it's an sound. So your throat closes and then opens releasing some air. The French don't tend to live bottle stops. And that's why you'll see every way possible of avoiding them. For example, OTA hotel has a gravel stop at the start of the word or. So, rather than having the French link the two waves together with an apostrophe. And you get loaded, which sounds much nicer. It almost makes the whole thing sound more fluid in sound. So rather than tell, we have low tail. You see it over time. Whenever there is a word that starts with an H or a vowel, the LA or LA becomes l apostrophe to avoid the glottal stop. For example, I've Yun. Lu Yong means the plane and say You can hear the glottal stop in the middle of your. So instead you say love young. Latvian means the plane. Last lesson, we were talking about inversion, which was flipping the pronoun around with the verb. When we got to email, and I said that you have to put a t in the middle of the verb and the IL-10 L to make it sound nicer. Well, this is another glottal stop avoidance technique. So rather than saying pile ill, we say pal till. So the t just makes it flow more nicely. Pile, pile till. It means, is he speaking L? L, where you can have a glottal stop in the middle seven instead we have VAT. Vat means is she going? So Bataille sounds nicer to French ears. Then another glottal stop avoidance technique you'll notice when French people are speaking is to pronounce the continent on the end of a word when the next word starts with a vowel. This isn't mandatory. You can choose whether you want to do it or not. However, if you start doing it now, it will become second nature party student. And it'll sound odd in your own mind if you don't do it. For example, instead of saying, say EC, which means it's here, french people will tend to pronounce the T on the end of c because it is followed by aware that starts with a vowel, CTC. And sorry, CTC sounds nicer than say EC, because it avoids that glottal stop. You route re alle means I would like to go. But you can hear in front of the weight, I laid a sound, you would re alle seven instead, French people were pronounced the S on the end of June. Crazily. Crazily. Sounds nicer than you would write. Ali. 86. 67g - My Accent Story: My accent story, imitation is the key. When I first started learning French, I hadn't learned any of the languages, and I hadn't had any experience with French accents. So I was speaking French like, well, an English person for many years. I wanted a French accent, but I didn't have a clue how to achieve it. I had four different French teachers throughout my school, French classes. The first teacher was very good at fringe and had a very good French accent. That was because her mom was French. So that's where she picked the top. The second teacher was fringed. So obviously her accent was native. But when she spoke English, it was often difficult to understand her. This was one of the reasons why I wanted to friend Jackson so badly. I didn't want people not being able to understand when I spoke French. The third, fourth French teachers I had were both English and they were very good at writing French. But I remember that my native French teacher used to complain about their accents. She said that their fringe accents were terrible and she couldn't understand them when they spoke French. So I just gave up and thought I'd never get a French accent. So the best thing to do was to speak slowly and hope to be understood. For a long time. Afterwards, whenever I went to friends on holiday or spectra or a French person, I spoke very slowly boat in an English accent. And this wasn't a problem at all. Everybody could understand me is just that they knew I was English. However, after studying French for six years, I went to study at a university for a year in the south of funds in a town called Aix-en-Provence. When I first went there, everybody could tell I was English. But after a month or two, French people were asking me where abouts infants hours from at finally achieved a French accent. And even French natives thought I was French. Now you may think that this was all because I was living in funds and absorbing it all naturally. But you'd be wrong. In fact, some of my English university classmates who went to fund for a lot longer the night it came back with the English accents fully intact. So what was my secret? Well, it all happened by accident. When I went to live in France. I was originally meant to be studying at the university there. However, somehow I ended up getting two funds a week late. And all the classes were full, meaning there was no room for me. There was no space for me in the lecture halls. So I was told I couldn't attend lectures and that I should complete all my assignments at home. This man, I was spending a lot of time alone in my room writing essays. Not the best way to spend your time in funds or so you'd think everybody had told me in preparation for my time abroad that if I didn't talk to people or involve myself in French society, my French wouldn't improve at all. However, back then, I was an extremely shy person and I found it too daunting to go out and meet people, talk to you. I was also very nervous about living in a foreign country, so I didn't really go out much in the first few weeks. I simply start writing my essays instead. The essay is I was writing about French history and specifically about what happened during the second World War. I watched endless videos on YouTube and listen to audio clips of French president is being interviewed. And I listened very carefully to the way that they were speaking. Some of my favorite videos were of the French president shall do goals, speeches. He spoke very slowly and very clearly. And I found myself copying what he was saying. I copied and copied and spoke his speeches out loud to myself. And gradually I imitated the way he said certain words. I would take short sentences and say them over and over until I could say them just like chowder bowl. When I say over and over, I wasn't sitting constantly imitating Chaldea goal. I did have essays to write. What I did was 30 seconds here and thirty-seconds there. I wasn't even aiming to develop my accent. I was mainly daydreaming, imagining hours on French TV, speaking to an interviewer. Then I started to watch different French videos. One French comedian called flaunts for esteem, had very funny videos of her standup routines on YouTube. It was interesting to see the difference between how shall the goal spoke, enunciating every single word clearly, and how Florence for ST would merge a heap of words into one quick utterance. I started copying the way that she spoke to. I only watched a few videos everyday. At most it was 20 minutes a day. And I would pick out just one or two sentences from each video. But I would repeat that sentence throughout the day to myself whenever I thought about it. Eventually, after a couple of weeks, I could mimic the way that both shoud goal and Florence voice t spoke. I had no real idea if what I was doing was doing me any good or if it would help me to sound more fringe when it actually came speaking in a conversation, but I found it a fun exercise. Then came the test. I had been in France for about a month and I hadn't really spoken to anybody. But I had to go to the university to hand in my first few essays and talk about how I was spending my time in France, they fall. I was so nervous about going to see my cue to say steal. This would be my second time meeting her. The first time I met her was when I first arrived and she couldn't understand me very well when I spoke French. She also seem a bit ignorant. So I wasn't looking forward to the meeting. I remember my heart was racing all the way to say seals office. In fact, it was rising all the way to the university and I didn't want to go in. But once I had crept into her office and we began shutting, my nerves started to disappear. We had a conversation infringe and without thinking, I was putting in all marital florins for St. merged together widths and I was using shared goals way of enunciating words clearly. And CCl, really happy. She said to me in French, well, I can see you've been spending your time wisely here in France. You've made more progress than anybody else I spoken to so far. And your French is near perfect. I couldn't believe it. I almost fainted. It was such a huge compliment and I hadn't realized that our improved at all. After squeezing my big head through the door on my way out of ACOs office, I decided to go into town and do some shopping, just window shopping. I had no money for real shopping. The French called window shopping, less between, which means licking the display cases. After spending a good 20 minutes looking with display cases in a sweet shop, I finally plucked up the courage to go and talk to one of the shop assistants. I was talking to her about the chocolates and suites which were local to the region. And I'll never forget when she said to me, Are you from Paris? Now I'm English. I applied. She couldn't believe that I wasn't fringe. I must have spoken to a bazillion people that day just showing off my French. Not that they cared. They just thought I was crazy French person who wouldn't stop talking. But I felt amazing. As soon as I got back to my computer, I watched some different videos and copy some more phrases, even picking out a few outwards that I might be able to use in conversations to Samuel French. Honestly, this is the best way to improve your French accent. Watch videos on YouTube and imitate, imitate, imitate. Eventually, the imitation will become what you are. Obviously. To be able to do this, you need to have a good vocabulary. It isn't a technique for a complete beginner. I've been learning French for quite a while before I found out this technique. I've seen it's called this technique chunking, because you watch little chunks of a video and copy it. We'll learn about this technique in more detail in a later lesson. Want your vocabulary is a bit more advanced. However, because the importance of this technique is so great, I always like to start all my students doing it as soon as possible. Chunking gives you such a confidence boost and makes you sound more French in an instant. So I've picked out a few of the most useful chunks and we'll learn them now. 87. 67h - Some useful "chunks": Some useful chunks. You know, when you make a verb negative, you put a no and a pan around it open. Until now, you might have been financing every single word individually. For example, you know, sweep EC, demand means I am not here tomorrow. Xun NO3 Pat ISI, the man. However, a good chunk to make that will instantly might use Anglo-French is to join the and the new together when you're speaking. And so rather than saying genus three, EC Dima, you will say Xunzi Pat EC demand. So Zhen. Rather than saying Juno vapor, which means I'm not going, you should say June vapor. Jeanne Liedtka sounds more French than Juno vapor. So you can imagine that it's written spelt J E apostrophe n Jin. Obviously you will never do this in writing. In reality, only in speaking Xun vapor. So you can use little Xun sound to make you sound more French. And it makes the language flow just a little bit more naturally. Xun vapor or gins VBA. And the next chunk is with the word, the word petit, meaning small, clearly has two syllables and it should be pronounced pr t. However, most French people barely talks the first syllable and they emphasize the second syllable a lot more. So rather than hearing protein, you're here T. So if you want to say it is small, you would say, obviously, say pity. But in speaking you tend to hear it safety. So the p is only touched upon ever-so-slightly. It's almost as if the E disappears completely. So if you imagine it written p apostrophe T I, IT, That's how you say it. T, safety. The word Allah is used a lot in French speech as a way of saying, right then, O. So M, say, whenever you are know me, say write than in English. You can use either at the beginning of sentences or when you're trying to bring a conversation to a close. It's a very French thing to say and you'll hear an awful lot. Try and use it next time you're in a restaurant in France. Allo palm while loop relay, which means M, the chicken for me. So there are just a few little chunks for you to be getting on with Xun, TPP and allow. The trick with these chunks is to learn just a few at a time because you really want them to become second nature will lend some more as we go along. But for now, try and use these three chunks as much as you can whenever you have a fringe conversation. And it'll make you sound a little bit more French. 88. 68a - to call me: Here's your first word for this lesson. Aptly, it means to call appellee. So how would you say in French, I'm going to call PA later. Uva, Zubaida, PPM. Are you going to call Murray? What time are you going to call Pierre? I can't or I don't want to call market because it didn't like him. Or you can use the trunk June and say how would you say everybody is on that plate? Isn't that? So in the past tense to form the past participle of the verb, aptly, We just take off the ER and we put on an E with an accent. How would you say we call it a restaurant yesterday and we made a reservation. Aims I won't fit, you know, has of ostium. Happily. Assume. Now we can add a little bit to the start of and we get mapply, mapply. So we put an m apostrophe in front of the verb, and this means to call me mapply. So how would you ask, are you going to call me tapply? Mapply. 89. 68b - to give me: How would you ask in French? Can you call me tomorrow? I'm busy now, but you can call me after 05:00 PM. Just vis-a-vis payments snow may movie mapply, upgrading, occupational may 2vi MapOverlay, de-Sitter. So we've seen that appellee means to call. And then we can put in front of it omega mapply, which means to call me. So how would you say in French? Marie tried to call me yesterday but I wasn't at home. Mary. Do MapOverlay, imaginative bashing. Mahi ISACA, the MapPlayer, may genetic passion. Why did you try to call me at usaid map really? Or have a W2s SAE. The MapOverlay is another useful verb in French, Donny and donate. It means to give. And I always think social looks like and donate. And so when you donate something, you give it to someone. So Donate means to give. And just like with appellee, we can add to the start of with appellee because it starts with a vowel. The murder was m apostrophe, but donate starts with a D, So we can just place the word ME still pronounced in front. So Dani means to give me. So how would you say, are you going to give me the key that you McDonnell a clay or alle Wu Madani. Luckily, how would you ask can you give me a little more time? Ux Madani and publish to toe. Uou Madonna and don't forget that when you ask them for more of something, you have to say more of time. So please don. 90. 68c - donner - to give: How would you ask him French? Can you give me the hotel's address? Pool vivo Madani lad restaurant, hotel, pool a Wu Madani ll address, do not tell. So we've had appellee, meaning to call mapper, which means to call me. Donate, means to give, and Madani means to give me. Now in English, we can say either, Can you give me the key or can you give the key to me? So the MI can go after the give or after the key. But in English, when it goes after give, we just say give me. But when you place it after the key, we say give the key to me. In French, you always just put them in front of Dani, no matter what. Whether you say Give me or give to me in English, you always just say, don't infringe. Poor EBU, Madonna clay, poor a boomer, Donella clay. So that can mean, can you give me the key or can you give the key to me? You conjugate the verb DNA into the present tense. The would still go in front of the verb. Either Madonna lack clay. For example. Even Madonna likely means he's giving me the key. Even Madonna lack lay in the plural sounds the same, but it means they're giving me the key. Even Madonna, likely. Pierre, Madonna. Luckily, PAR, Madonna likely means PA, is giving me the key. Or whoo, Madonna claim. Wu Madani, Luckily, you're giving me the key. If you want to conjugate donate in the past, you put them in front of the auxiliary verb. So in front of the form of alpha, it will become m apostrophe because Ofwat starts with a vowel. For example, El Madani, luckily, Donella Clay. He gave me the key or he has given me the key. Donella clay, il mondo nella clay. They gave me the key or they have given me the key. Pierre Madani, luckily, Madonna della clay. Pa, gave me the key. Or Pierre has given me the key. Whom I VE Danilo clay. Wu Ma Vedanta clay. You gave me the key or you have given me the key. So in the present tense, goes in front of the DNA, and in the past ten GPa dimmer in front of the auxiliary verb. So the form of, Ofwat, and it will become m apostrophe. Because all the auxiliary verbs start with the letter a, which is a val. 91. 68d - donner - present tense: Let's have a quick recap of the conjugation of the verb, which means to give. So in the present tense, we have Xiahou Dun, meaning I have to Don. You give Eldon and L Don. He gives, She gives new Danone, means we give voodoo Monet. You give and Eldon. Vague. Then in the past tense we have J DNA. I gave to ICD-10. You gave ELA Dani or L autonomy? He gave oh, she gave news Avant Dani. We gave vis-a-vis Dani. You gave. And isn't Dani? They gave. Now we've led eight different ways of forming the verb for each person so far. For, for the present tense and four for the past tense. Let's use email as an example. So in the present tense we can say Eldon, which means he gives or he's giving. Even the Don. He doesn't give or he's not giving Donald till. Does he give or is he giving? And neutron tilda? Doesn't he give or isn t giving? So that's the four different things we can do with the verb in the present tense with ill. And in the past tense, we have the same thing. Ill. add-on means he gave or he has given your NOPAT Dani. He didn't give or he hasn't given a tilde on a did he give or has he given? And natural path Dani? Didn't he give or hasn't he given? So in each tense we have a positive and negative, a positive question and a negative question. But where do we put the word meaning me or to me? Well, in the present tense, it always goes just in front of the verb. So ill Medan means he's giving me Madonna. Not giving me Madonna tin. Is he giving me know, Madonna till par? Isn't he giving me? So whether you are talking about a positive, negative or positive question or a negative question, the word always go just in front of the verb. In the past tense, the word goes just in front of the auxiliary verb. Say, for example, in Madani means he gave me, in the map pad on a he didn't give me Matilda NEH. Does he give me new material pair, Donny? Didn't he give me? So in the present tense goes right in front of the Don. And in the past tense it goes right in front of the auxiliary variable. So the form of, Ofwat and the shortens to m apostrophe because it's placed in front of a vowel. And you can use in front of any verb to mean me or to me in English. 92. 68e - to bring me: Now here's a verb that we've already had. Apa. Apa means to bring, but we can place in front of a cup of tea and we get map, a map of a means to bring me or to bring to me. Just like with Donny and with another verb that goes straight in front of the verb in the present tense. For example, Mapbox means he's bringing me. He's not bringing mean mapper. Is he bringing me? Nima Potter? Isn't he bringing me? So whether it's a positive, negative or positive question or a negative question. Or the m apostrophe always goes straight in front of the apart. In the past tense, goes straight in front of the auxiliary verb. So the form of F1, for example, ill, map of t, means he brought me even the map plaza party. He didn't bring me material above teh. Did he bring me new material? Plaza party? Didn't he bring me so that's when you conjugate the verb APA day into the present tense or the past tense. But of course, you can also use the verb Apple Pay in its whole form. And then you put them in front of that. For example, how would you say in French, Can you bring me the car? Pool, a boo mapper, tailor what you're poor, a boom apart. He has brought me some food. The Delano V2, apostate Delano heater. Murray is bringing me everything tomorrow. Mathy, map of two to the man to demand. So we've had in this lesson so far, appellee, meaning to call map early, which means to call me. Donate, means to give. Madani means to give me a means to bring and map of a means to bring me. How would you say they haven't brought me any wine in the moon plaza potato van in Amman pasa potato man. So when you're saying any as in not any. So they brought me not any wine is what you're literally saying. Then you just say do for any Divan means anyway, and when it's in a negative in Mombasa parte Duvall. 93. 68f - to ask me: How would you say in French? He isn't bringing me a souvenir from Paris because everything is too expensive. Souvenir to pass the basket, to map out patents we've near the basket today to share. Have you brought me anything and literally infringe, you'd have say have you brought me something? So the word for anything is the same as the word for something in French. Or maybe moves up of taking cashews is bringing me my passport. So when you have a name as the subject infringe, you literally have to say, is he bringing me my passport? Haven't Pierre and Sophie brought me the money for the tickets. Pfa Sophie the mantissa, Zhang poly ba, ba. So again, literally you have to say Pierre and Salafi haven't neighborhood me the money for the tickets. How would you ask on you bring IMIA code, Numa, Numa UPA motto. Now here's a brand new verb to add to your collection. Due Monday. Due Monday means to ask is so close like to demand, but it means to ask the Monday. And in the same way as we did with Apple Pay and Dani, we can put in front of them on day two and we get due Monday, which means to ask me. So how would you ask What do you want to ask me? Midday, Monday. Monday. 94. 68g - demander - to ask: How would you say in French? She hasn't asked me Monday. Monday. They asked me where I went Monday. Monday. Did you ask me something? Matthew due Monday, Calico shows or Malibu due Monday Calico shoes. Now, I know you've probably noticed by now, but I'll just show you one more time where the word goes when you're conjugating with the verb do Monday. So in the present tense, the word goes straight in front of the verb. For example, may demand means he's asking me, you know, he's not asking me. Is he asking me? Numa demanded till isn't he asking me? And then in the past tense, we place in front of the auxiliary verb, and it will become an m apostrophe. So Madu Monday means he asked me Enuma pada Monday. He didn't ask me material. The Monday. Did he ask me new material paddle Monday? Didn't he ask me? So in the present tense goes right in front of the demand. In the past tense, it goes right in front of the auxiliary verb. And it turns into an m apostrophe because it's placed in front of eval. And don't forget that the can be translated into English as me or to me. How would you say in French, Pierre asked me where I put the key. Mundy, who's a Milla clay pm, Monday, Jamie luckily, he hasn't asked me the Monday. Monday. 95. 68h - to ask FOR something: So far in this lesson we've had the verb meaning to call MapOverlay, to call me Dani, to give donations, to give me or to give to me to bring mapper. To bring me or to bring to me due Monday to ask. And the Monday to ask me. How would you say in French, Jews asked me if I wanted dinner. Madam Monday, CJEU lay your DNA. June my demo Ni Si Zhou violated any in English. There are a few times where we say the word fall after a verb. For example, to pay for something or to wait for something, or to ask for something. However, in French, with these three verbs, you don't bother using the word poor. For example, I paid for the dinner. Where you say in French, JPEG, AAA leading a GPA, leading a leader, say, I paid the dinner, or I'm waiting for the boss. But in French we say Japan, Lebbeus, just only abuse, which actually just means I'm waiting the boss, or we do have another verb in English, you can say, I am awaiting the boss, or he asked for some wine. When in French you just say ill at due Monday, Duval Isla De Monday Divan, which literally means he asked some wine. So in English we say to ask for something. In French you to say, to ask. And then you put the thing that you're asking for. How would you say? I'm going to ask for some more cheese. You Veda Monday, please. Edge u, v due Monday, proof differ marsh. Which literally means I'm going to ask more tees. Have you asked for the menu? A-to-d Monday luminaire, or have a Wu Du Mandela menu, which literally just means, have you asked the menu, say, say to ask for in French, you just say to ask, and then you just put what it is that you're asking for. 96. 68i - to ask SOMEBODY for something: How would you ask in French? I'm going to ask for some more cheese. Due Monday. Uva due Monday. Pleased to form. Ash. Have you asked for the menu at you do Mandela menu or have a Wu Di Mandela menu. So we've seen that you don't use the word puer with due Monday in French. But there is also another difference. In English. You simply put the name of the person you're asking after the verb ask. For example, I'm asking Pierre or I'm asking Murray, put in fringe, you have to put the word in front of the person's name. January, speaking in English, you put the person you're asking first and the thing that you're asking for a second. So I'm asking Pierre for some cheese for example. So you put the name first and the thing that you're asking for second in French, however, is the opposite way round. You put the thing that you're asking for first and the name second. And don't forget, you have to put in front of the name. For example, to ask for something. Well, let's re-invent GSA to ask something, which will be due Monday, cable shows, Pierre or we ask the waiter for another bottle of wine. Well, you would have say literally, we asked another bottle of wine and then put in front of the waiter, Meuse-Argonne due Monday on corn, potato Val, or salvo. So because salvaged means the waiter, when you put in front of Lu, It becomes o. So news I won't do Monday. We asked uncle in potato van, another bottle of wine. Oh, silver. The waiter. But in English we say, we ask the waiter for another bottle of wine. So how would you say in French? Have you ask the waiter for the menu? So don't forget literally, you will say, have you asked the menu and then put in front of the waiter? Have a vu due Monday lumen New ourselves. Have a Buddha Monday lumen yourself there. How would you say Pierre asked Murray for the tickets? So literally you have to say Pierre asked the tickets and then put in front of Marie at the Mondelez BA. At the Mondelez BA. So that means p asked Murray for the tickets. 97. 68j - demander - practice: In this lesson so far, we've had appellee, meaning to call mapper Lee, to call me Dani, to give donate to give me a map of meaning, to bring map of day, meaning to bring me or to bring to me the Monday to ask, midday Monday to ask me. And then we've just seen that if you want to say infringe to ask for something, you have to literally say to ask something. Pierre de Monday Calico shows up here. So infringed report the thing that you're asking for first and then the person that you're asking, Gary's second and you have to place the word infant to the person's name. So how would you ask him French. Didn't you ask your parents for any money? Notepad you Monday, Zhang at home or navi Wu pada Monday, Dao Zhong I've operon. So literally you have to say, didn't you ask any money? And then you put the word in front of your parents. In English, we do have an alternative way of saying this, which makes a bit more sense. If you look at it from the French perspective, you could say, didn't you ask any money from your parents? Notepad, the Monday Dao Zhong taper home. But in French, it is a from your parents. You just put in front of whoever it is that you're asking and just note that the words for your, well, if it's informal in the plural we have T, which is T, E, S. And if it's formal or plural. And we say volume, which is about VOS. But we will look more at these words in a later lesson. So don't panic. I didn't know them. How would you say they ask the hotel for a room for two nights? Is on due Monday in Sean report WE allo tail is on due Monday and Schon propose do nu e allo tale. He asked the doctor for some medicine because he's caught the flu. Ela due Monday and Medica more omit some pesky that happy like Eli do Monday and Medica mono medicine basket at happy like sleep. So you could think about it as he asked for some medicine from the doctor because he caught the flu. But you didn't say from the doctor you put in front of limit some limit, some means the doctor. And when you put in front of it becomes o so Omid some Isla De Monday and Medica. Omid son Baskin. 98. 68k - to try to...: Remember when we learned that if you want to say to try to do something in French using SHA, You have to put the word in front of the next verb. Well, the same thing happens with the Monday. If you want to ask somebody to do something, you have to put the word due in front of the verb that you want them to do. And don't forget that you also have to use the word in front of the person you're asking. For example, if you want to say, I asked Pierre to come with me, you will say J due Monday. Appia the veneer of ECMO. Jd Monday at Pierre de veneer of ECMO. Say I have to put the word due in front of the verb veneer. So do Monday. Due is to ask to do something. Jd Monday appear Devaney Arabic moire. And we've also got the word in front of Pierre because he's the person that we're asking. If you want to say they asked me to leave, you would say il mondo Monday due party. In Monday, Monday the party. So you replace the dirt in front of Battier. Another example, I'm going to ask Murray to help me UVA due Monday, May day, Zubaida Monday, AMA domain D. So I'm going to ask to Marie is where literally means. And then you put the in front of the Mayday, which means to help me. So how would you ask him French? Why did you ask selfie to come with us? At eudaimonia? Sophie Devaney havoc knew or have a Buddha Mon, they are Sophie divinity Harvick knew. My dad asked me to order another two bottles of red wine for the table. Mom pair, madam Monday, the common ion called DB2, the van roofs, Pola tabula, mom pair, madam Monday, the common on called Du Bu Duan, who's pole at Tabula. Sometimes when you get a long sentence like this one, it can be a little daunting. So instead what you can do is break it up into sections. My dad asked me mom pair Madu Monday to order, do common day. And so we have to put in front of common day because we've used due Monday. Another two bottles. Encore DB2 of red wine for the table. The van whose polar Tableu, mom, madam Mondale common ion called debilitate the van whose Paula taboo. So in this lesson so far, we've had appellee, meaning to call MapOverlay, which means to call me Dani, meaning to give Madani, to give me Apple Pay, to bring mapper, to bring me or to bring to me. The Monday. To ask. The Monday is to ask me the mundane DLCO shows up. Pierre means to ask for something. But literally in French, you have to put the thing that you're asking for first and then you put the name of the person that you are asking a second and you put in front of the name. So to ask something, Pierre de Monday Calico shows up here. And then the Monday appear. The fair DLCO shows means to ask to do something. So whenever you are asking someone to do something, you have to use the little word in front of the verb that you're asking them to do. And again, you have to put in front of the name of the person you're asking. So do Monday at Pierre de facto officials. 99. 68l - I wonder: How would you say in French? I asked Sophie to bring some food with her. She is forgotten. J due Monday, Illinois to have a kid may allow BE JD Mondale, so feta parte Lenovo havoc l may allow BA. So again, that's another long sentence, but if we break it down into shorter sections, it makes it a lot easier. So I asked Sophie J due Monday as Sophie, to bring some food with her. Dapper, Delano Ito have a Cal Bush. She has forgotten. May l. J due Monday or so fed up of Taylor Nikita havoc l may be how would you say? They asked me to pay the bill but I didn't have any money with me and my car doesn't work. It Monday, Monday. The PGA logistician, may Zeynep Adagio, ma a MCAT, no marsh ban. In Monday. Monday is soon measuring a pat on the back more a MCAT. No, Masha. So let's break it up. They asked me il mondo Monday to pay the bill, the PEA legislation, but I don't have any money with me. Imagine a Padang Jonah back more and my card doesn't work in MCAT no, Masha. How would you say don't aspire to choose the wine? Knew the Monday pada PR bourgeoisie or Lavon. Due Monday, pada pum pada schwas yellow-brown. So in the sentence we've got the imperative or command. Don't ask, do Monday GPA. So new the Monday appeal, the schwa Sierra Leone. In fringe, When you say zoom or demand, demand, what you're literally saying is, I ask myself, consumer demand. However, it can also mean I wonder. So Jim demand, you can use to mean literally I asked myself, but it can also mean I wonder GMO demand. And just like when I said that if you have a, an inert together, you can pronounce it Xun. Well, if you have a and a together, you can pronounce it, Jim. So rather than saying GMR demand, you might hear people say Jim demand. And it means, I wonder, for example, Jim demand por qua. Jim Dumont, poco means I wonder why. So we can add to that and say things like Jim Dumont, por qua, Elaine, EC, jim, the multiple choise, ETC. I wonder why he's here. Literally what you're saying is I ask myself why he is here. Or zoom demands seal happily. Marie. Zoom demand sloppily, Marie, I wonder if he has called Murray. So Jim demand means I wonder literally, I ask myself. 100. 68m - I wonder - practice: We've just seen that Jimmy demand means, I wonder, infringe. So how would you say I wonder why she went? Zoom in demand? Jim, on-demand, Uu L, Italy. So in essence, we've got she went. And don't forget that the verb to go is, I lay in French, and it's a verb of movement, which means you have to use eta as the auxiliary verb. So she went is a Alley. And when you use eta as the auxiliary verb, you have to make the past participle agrees with the subject because it she went, we add an extra a0 to LA in speaking in current here the X-ray, but in writing you can see it. How would you say I wonder if you can help me? Jim, on-demand C02 per Mayday. Jim demand Cebu purvey midi. So you can infringe in the informal is cheaper and the formal or the plural is wu wei. So either you can say to permit a, you can help me or RUP away Mehdi. How would you say, I wonder why he's going to Paris? Jim Dumont, poco, Apache. Jim Dumont, por qua. So Eva is the present tense. They haven't got to worry about auxiliary verbs or past participles. Present tense up as he goes or he is going, Jim, the multiple quite apart. How would you say, I wonder why they hired a car? Jim demand for quiet is only way in which you Jim Dumont Pacquiao is only doing what you said we've had appellee, meaning to call mapper Lee, to call me DNA, to give Madani, to give me a parte means to bring mapper, to bring me or to bring to me the Monday means to ask midday Monday to ask me do Monday, Calico shows up here to ask for something. The Monday appeal, the fair Calico shows to ask to do something. And then Jim demand means, I wonder, but literally it means I ask myself, German demands. 101. 68n - I'm happy to help: How would you say in French? I think it's beautiful here, but I wonder if it's more beautiful in my same Per Se, Bo EC measured the MSC placebo and maxi. Four ma se Boise measuring the MSC placebo MRC. I wonder him she cooled. Jim demand. Key it happily. Jim demand. Q0 L appellee. Here's your next phrase in French for this lesson. Santa Fe plus the sum of a plus here, the, it means, I'm happy or I'm glad to some effect plays year. Now you might have guessed that the literal translation of some of the elder is not. I'm happy to or I'm glad to. The literal meaning is it, does me pleasure to SAR, means it, or that MCFI does MY plays year. Pleasure. And this means to do has lots of meanings, but when it is placed in front of a verb, it means to. And so that means that the word that comes after some FAP Zelda will be, I'm happy to do something, say something crazy. I'm happy to, or I'm Brad T2. But literally it means it does me pleasure to this is a good example of the fact that you can't always translate things word for word between languages. We also have weird expressions in English that can be translated into french word for word. For example, French people would never say, break a leg to somebody in order to wish them good luck before they go on stage. So in french, they say some fake, Please. Yeah. And it can be used to mean, I'm happy to or I'm glad to. For example, some Fe plus year DD, something please hear daily. Means I'm happy to help. Or some flip lazier, the STC summit, a place here, the RST EC. I'm glad to stay here. So how would you say in French, I'm glad to see Pierre. Pierre, some fake placeholder, happier. So literally it means it gives me pleasure to see Pierre. Or how would you say, I'm happy to help? Some some Febreze NAD. So literally means it gives me pleasure to help. 102. 68o - final recap: How would you say in French? I'm happy to go with you. Some tea, please. Dahlia Victrola, or some F0 plus year Delhi, I've equal whom? I'm happy to do it. Some dual affair. Some fee plays here to lift there. So in this lesson we've had appellee, meaning to call mapper Lee, to call me Donny, to give Madani, to give me an upper means to bring mapper means to bring me or to bring to me due Monday means to ask middle Monday means to ask me do Monday. Calico shows IPA to ask for something. Due Monday, appear the theatrical tissues to ask to do something. Jim demand means, I wonder politically it means I ask myself. And then the phrase, some feed plays here, do means I'm happy to wear, I'm glad too, literally some iffy play. Zelda means it does me pleasure too. And that goes in front of a verb. So you can put any verb after some tea, please do. And that's what you're saying. You're happy or you're glad todo. 103. 68p - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How do you say in French? Can you call me later? Oh, who are you going to give you some money for the holiday? Events you, Dani? Or I leave who donate genre Sophie polygons, Jews has brought me some suit because I don't feel very well. You didn't map of tailless soup basket, Masan petroleum. Map of 2p, past cuisine was on Libya. Asks for some water, please. The law will sell VOC, whoopee, do Monday due low ourselves. Elsie Ripley. He asked me where we're going tomorrow or Monday. Monday, Monday moves along the man. They asked me to leave among the mandate bacteria. In Monday, Monday. I wouldn't know why everybody who's here today, Jim demands book, what should we assume that? It's not a problem? I'm happy to help. Sunni peasant problem is some dd, dd, Marie cold PA yesterday. Mathy, Apple API. They're asking everybody to bring some wine to the restaurant. You demand at, to demand that. Your demand at the moment. 104. 68q - let's practise - French to English: Now let's have a go at doing some reverse translations. What are these French sentences mean in English? They're calling me now. Zubaida Monday. Souvenir palm. What do make seek? Sophie? I'm going to ask so V two by a souvenir for me from Mexico that you do Monday IP address. Are you going to do it some day? Some day you see, I've got to stay here with you, or I'm happy to stay here with you. Jackpot syllabic madman. I'm bringing that with me tomorrow on by constantly, constantly pushing. I wonder if Marie is coming with us on holiday. Next JAM. Did you bring the passports? Shareholder? Aliyah Kelly shall see. Kelly. Charles asked me if I wanted to go to Cali. Michelle a sophie monopoly, EF Michelle, a Sufi. Michelle and Safety Code me yesterday. I wonder why they're doing that now. 105. 68r - let's recap - English to French: What we'll do now some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How do you say in French? Or you get into older for me? Or I'm going to have lunch at the restaurant. You have a pond that's a bit too small for me. I would like to go at half-past three. I mean, yes, I think it's fantastic here. We say fantastic ISI. We say fantastic EC. I would like a raincoat. And I would like a reservation for three people, please. Play. The shadow doesn't work. I like the green coat. May I have some sugar for MIT? Or of course you could say ponder, instead of here. 106. 68s - let's recap - French to English: Now let's do some French to English recap translations. What do these friends sentences mean in English? Let's take a path v. Let's take a coffee. Murray's steak is perfect. Do you have a map of Paris at the Roundabout? Take the first exit. A dummy. It's half past six. Are you going to change the reservation for me? I would like to go to his house tomorrow. It's quarter past eight. Vc. Vc. I'm here. I would like a radio if my room in a bottle of water is €1.20. 107. 69a - I wonder what: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson. How do you say in French to call appellee, to call me mapply, to give donations, to give me. Donate. To bring Apple, Pay, to bring me. To ask. Demand D to ask me do Monday to ask for something. The Monday Calico shows up here to ask to do something due Monday a Pierre de faire Calico shows. I wonder, or literally I asked myself, Zimmer demand. I'm happy to, I'm glad T2. Somebody plays the harder. Now we had this phrase in the last lesson, GMR demand. And it means, i wonder, but I just wanted to say something else about it. You can place any question word on the end of, I wonder, or Jim demand. For example. Jim demand por qua means I wonder why. Jim demand cone. I wonder when German demand at Keller. I wonder what time. Jim demands key. I wonder who? Jim demand. Ooh. I wonder where. Or Jim demands Colombia. I wonder how much. So you can put any question word on the end of the phrase German demand, except for one. If you want to say, I wonder what? You can't say, Jim demand curve. Instead, you have to say Jim on-demand, sucker, Zimmer demands Tucker. And you'll hear it pronounced as Jim demands. Rather than circa. You'll hear the pronounces COOH. Now the phrase sukha means what? When it's in the middle of a sentence. It's an extremely useful phrase and we will look at it in more detail in a later lesson. But I just wanted to drop it into a lesson now, so it doesn't come as a surprise later on. So you pronounce more like it's one word than two. So rather than saying circa, it's best to say TSCA. Additionally, the CPU can shorten to QU apostrophe, just like always, when you place it in front of a val or the letter H. Let's look at some examples of sukha, Oscar being used. Gmail demand, sticky silver, human demand skills. I wonder what he wants say can pronounce it circa silver or skill over German demand. Sukha Mary ash De Jiao Du Monde schemata. Ash day means, I wonder what Maribo. So when you have the word what in the middle of a sentence in English, then you will say, sucker Oscar in French. German demand skillful Ahmadiyya, Zimmer demand Tsukiji vomit year. I wonder what they're going to tell me. So when you have src followed by a word that starts with a vowel, the shortens to QU apostrophe. And generally when that happens, you will hear it pronounced as two words. So Jimmy demand circle, Bombardier, because the curve is then linked to the next word. So you can say Jimmy demand skillful media. But you can also say Jimmy demand Tsukiji vomit year. I wonder what they're going to tell me. In the middle of a sentence. You use circa or skirt to mean what? And as I said, we will look at sucker in more detail in a later lesson. 108. 69b - to tell somebody: We've just seen that if you want to say, I wonder, what do you say, Jimmy demand sucker. Because what in the middle of a sentence in French is sometimes pronounced TSCA. So how would you say in French, I wonder what he did. Jim on-demand, Salafi, Jim in-demand skill AFI. So I said when you have silica and it's in front of a word that starts with a vowel or the letter h, then the shortens to QU apostrophe. And in that situation, you'll hear more often than not, the circa pronounce. So keel FA, SO regime or the monster Qila fame rather than Jim demand Scala faith. But I have heard both. And just saying that you'll hear more often than not, they pronounced sucker in a situation where it is placed in front of a word that starts with a vowel. German demand, secure coffee or Jimmy du Monde, skied AFI. How would you say, I wonder what we do now? Jim, on-demand, sucker, new face-on mountain, gender, MSK, and new face on Montana. I wonder what they ordered. Jim on-demand skis on common De Jiao Du Monde, stickies on common day. Now, once we are talking about the verb do Monday, I'll just point out that there is something else to add to this lesson. Remember that we said the verb do Monday means to ask. And there were a couple of different things that you can do with it. For example, you can say due Monday, Calico shows a KDKA means to ask somebody for something. So literally infringe. You have to say to ask something somebody. Or you can say due Monday, I cal can't defecate pushers, which means to ask somebody to do something. So you put the word due in front of the next verb after you use due Monday. The Monday to ask somebody Do fair Calico shows to do something. And the word kcl, just in case you're wondering, means somebody can. Well, we can do the same thing with the verb dia. So ds means to tell in French. If you want to tell somebody something infringe, you actually have to tell something to somebody. Also, if you want to tell somebody to do something, you have to use the word in front of the person that you're telling and you use the word due in front of the verb. So dear shows Al-Qaeda means to tell somebody something. So they actually you say to tell something to somebody. And Dia de faire Keiko shows means to tell somebody to do something. So DEA, Al-Qaeda to tell to somebody defect caliber shows to do something. So how would you say in French? I told Pierre to leave an hour ago. Jd. Jd. So I told Pierre, JD, to leave an hour ago. Lunar bacteria, EDI 109. 69c - to tell somebody: How would you say in French, Why did you tell me to come? Por qua mature D1 near or por qua Udi Devaney. So when you're saying why did you tell me me doesn't need the informative. It is only if you use a name. So Matt to D Why did you tell me or maybe hoodie and then do veneer. Tell Murray to pay the bill. Do PGA Ledi did do pay. That is what you're going to say to Charles curvatures. I shall, I shall. And this can be translated into English also as, what are you going to tell Charles? Say let us how in English, one version has the word to in front of the name Charles, whilst the other version doesn't. So it can either mean, what are you going to say to Charles or what are you going to tell Charles? Cuvette Judea as shallow or Kali, who dear friends. You always have to have the word in front of the name. How would you say that telling me to speak in French? In muddies, the Leon FONSI comedies do parallely on FONSI. I'm going to tell Salafism thing. You've idea, DLCO shows as Sophie. You Vaidya Calico shows our Sophie. So actually because in English, the verb dia can be translated as to tell or to say. This sentence. Zubaida Calico shows us a fee. Can mean either I'm going to tell Sophie something or I'm going to say something to Sophie. So in this lesson so far we've seen Zimmerman sucker regime demands curve, which means, I wonder what we just saw briefly the word KDKA, Cape Town, which means somebody who was someone shows up, means to tell somebody something or likely to say something to someone. And DEA, Al-Qaeda means to tell somebody to do something. So you always have to use the word in front of the person that you're telling if it's a name. 110. 69d - to give you: We've seen a web Dani, which means to give. And then in the last lesson, we led a lot of phrases that have the word in front of them. For example, Madani, I said means to give me or to give to me. Well, we can change them to something else. Woo woo Dani means to give you or to give to you. So how would you say in French? I can give you the key later. Is you pursue Donella clay, Plutarch, deja vu, Dani, luckily, peta. In English, we can say either I can give you the key or I can give the key to you. So in one sentence is give you an error. Sentences give something to you. In French, you always just put the UI in front of DNA no matter what, because you and to you are the same in French, they both Woo. So Buddha nella clay can mean I can give you the key or I can give the key to you. If you conjugate the verb Dani into the present tense, the wou would still go in front of the verb, just like we did with the Javadoc. Luckily, uvula Don likely means I am giving you the key in Fudan likely ill Fudan, likely. He's giving you the key new Fudan unlikely. Nu Wu Danone law clay. Where giving you the key. Fudan. Luckily, it Fudan, luckily, they're giving you the key. It's just the present tense of DNA, but we'd place Wu in front of the form of Dani is the same in the past. If you want to conjugate the phrase Fudan a into the past tense, you put the UI in front of the auxiliary verb, have wire, just like when we did with mom. So she was a Donella Clay. You Wu a Donella clay means I gave you the key. Ill Wu add-on ala Clay, ill Rosa Danilo Clay. He gave you the key so you can pronounce the S on the end of Wu in all of these phrases because they are followed by a word that starts with a vowel. Oo on Donella clay, il, W2s on Donella clay. They gave you the key. New Wu Zang, gondola clay, loosey-goosey, Yvonne, lonely. Luckily, this means we gave you the key. So the word Wu goes in front of the auxiliary verb when you conjugate the verb DNA into the past tense. So how would you say in French, I gave you something yesterday. X2, Aidan shows you who's Aidan? Shows the air. 111. 69e - to give you: How would you ask in French, what did they give you? So don't forget that when you're talking about the past tense in French, whether it's a question or a statement, the UW always goes in front of the auxiliary verb. So what did they give you? Views on Tilden, a W2s on till Donny? You have until Dani, which means did they give or have they given you place the UI in front of the W2s on TDMA, did they give you will have they given you? And then you've got the word meaning what curve was on till Dani, What did they give you? What have they given you? How would you say PA gave you enough money last week? Last month, Danielle, I say Dang Zhong, classmen. Danielle. Now a common mistake that people make, I know I used to make it is to say, in this situation because you see the UI, then you think automatically VUCA, V-U-C-A, Dani. But whose IV Donate means you have given or you gave. But here we're saying PA gave, so it's add Donny. But then we put the UI in front of the ship. So Pierre, who's A10, gave you how would you say, I'm going to give you something important tomorrow? Gilgamesh's damp upon the man who donate DLCO shows damp upon the man. I didn't give you my passport. Who's a pad on? Juno? Who's a pad on him? And so we've got I didn't give which is Janae, Dani, but the UW has to go just in front of the auxiliary verb. So we get Donny. How would you say has the way to giving you the menu? Danilo menu with a team Dani aluminum. So this is a tricky sentence. We've got has the weights are given, which is a tilde Donny. But then we put in front of the auxiliary verb. Do that till Dani, lemony. 112. 69f - to give you: We know that there is a formal and an informal way to say you infringe. So when we had voodoo Dani, That was actually the formal way as well as the plural way society give you. So here's the informal and singular way to say to give you, to donate to Donny means to give you or to give to you when you're speaking informally to one person. You can use to Donny in exactly the same way as you used Vu, Dani, You just placed in front of the verb. So if we conjugate DNA into the present tense, we can get things like Gita, Don lacked, lay, Zooter, Don lack L0, which means I am giving you the key, Eldon, likely IL-2 Don. Luckily, he's giving you the key new to the non-black Clay. Knew to Donald, likely. We're giving you the key. So you just placed in front of the verb, yield to Don. Luckily, Madonna, luckily, they're giving you the key. If you conjugate DNA into the past tense, then you put the term in front of the auxiliary verb. Remember, whammy placed me in front of an auxiliary verb, is shortened from ME TOO, m apostrophe. Well, the same happens with when you place it in front of an auxiliary verb, because the auxiliary variables start with a vowel, we shorten the term spout t0 to t apostrophe. For example, latte, vanilla clay, GTA Donella claim means I gave you the key ir ta-da nella Clay, ill Donella Clay. He gave you the key. New Taiwan Donella clay. New Taiwan, Donella clay. We gave you the key or Eldon Dani luckily, Eldon Donella clay. They gave you the key. So how would you say using the informal way of saying you, I gave you something yesterday. You donate LCA shows. As you take on a telco show the air. What did they give you? Don't give you enough Muri last week. I stay down. 113. 69g - to give you - past & present tense: Still using the informal way of saying you, how would you say in French, I'm going to give you something important tomorrow to donate. You have a two dominique de Man. I didn't give you my passport. Pagani Mombasa isn't a paddle name and password, has given you the menu. Luminaire, lucy Alberta till Danilo menu. We've now let eight different ways of forming the verb for each person cipher for, for the present tense and four for the past tense. As always, the positive and negative, a positive question and a negative question for each tenths. And we can slip the world's Wu and two into the same places that we put the word in the last lesson. So in the present tense, we've got ill bourdon or Eldon, which means he's giving you. In the negative, we get 2w1 par or even a two Don pan, which means he's not giving you. In a positive question. We have Fudan till or 2.In, is he giving you? And in a negative question in the present tense, we have no Fudan tilda or knitter Dante LPA, which means Isn't he giving you? See you notice how the 2mm or always goes just in front of the verb, done. In the past tense, we place the wu or the term in front of the auxiliary verb. And don't forget that shortens to t apostrophe. So in the positive past tense, we have something like ooh, add Donny Or Elijah, Dani, which means he gave you. We can make it negative in a 2-SAT Bodoni or in the touchpad Dani, which means he didn't give you. As a positive question, we have Wu achieved on a or tactile Dani, which means did he give you? And we can make that negative nervosa till pi Dani or natatio pad Dani. Which means, Didn't he give you and say You notice in all of those, the woo girls just in front of the auxiliary verb, which is the form of alpha. 114. 69h - to give you - practice: How would you say in French, Can I give you the key tomorrow? Please, you to donate a clay demand or ooh, don't exactly the man. So too is the informal and Wu is either the formal or the plural. How would you say he gave you the car for just two days? And the word for just infringe is reduced. Danilo produced digital or whose add-on a la Chiapas used digital. So in this lesson so far we've seen Jima demands sucker or German demands curve, which means, I wonder what k down means somebody or someone. Dea, DLCO shows. Down, means to tell somebody something. Dea, the fifth chemical shows to tell somebody to do something. To Donny means to give you when you're speaking to somebody in the informal and the singular. And Fudan a means to give you if you're speaking formally or if you're speaking in the plural. So how would you say in French, they're giving you more carrots. Please take out. Oh, please stick out. Marie hasn't given you enough time. Mathy notepad Donny as stated tone or Mary Lou Buddha Donny as say the tone. We're not giving you the money until next week. Knew Newton's law, Zhong Ju Scholastic Pen portion or new Nobu Danone Palau Zhang Zeus gas men portion. So we say new node, Danone power or new Danone MPA. How would you ask, has given you a map or DFE? 115. 69i - to give you - practice: How would you ask infringe? When are they giving you a different room? In chamois? Different or why hasn't given you any food? Por qua Sophie natatio pad on a denotative or por qua Safina who's at El Madani, do not heed to. Now, this sort of a sentence is really tricky. Infringe. In fact, all of these entities using the term or the UX are all quite tricky. And I remember when I was at university, even people who are in their second year still struggled to place the order Wu in the correct position. So don't panic if you're getting it wrong. But you should do is break the sentence down. So why hasn't Sophie given you any food? Well, let's start with the basics. We've got Sophie gave well, that's Sophie Donny. If he gave or safety has given. We can turn that into a question. Sophie attain Dani. Sophie has she given Sophie Dani? Sophie hasn't given what we just put around the auxiliary part. Sophie not LPA Dani. Why hasn't safety given por qua Sophie not LP Dani? Why hasn't Sophie given u? Well, that's where we put the two in front of the auxiliary verb. So por qua Sophie, Neuchatel, Donny, Or Proquest AFI loosey-goosey et al, paper Dani, and then any food. Well, it's the negative. So we say no e2. Both Sophie, Neuchatel pad Dani do not need to or Proquest or fee. No, Buddha Tell Pat Dani denoted too. But it's a very, very tricky sentence. So don't expect to get it right straight away. It takes practice until you get it right. In fact, what you should do is write down the name of this lesson and you can come back to it in practice. These are sentences again at a later date. But as I said, even more advanced learners struggled to place the term and the UI in the correct position. So don't panic. It's not the end of the world if you get it wrong. How would you say in French? Isn't he giving you the key tonight? No. Two don't tell paella places where or Nevada until Pala case as well. And so again, if you break it down, he gives is Eldon is he giving us the question form of that? So don't teal isn't he giving new dawn til Pan? Isn't he giving, you know, don't feel pan or Nobu, Don till pow. And then the rest of the sentence is made up of just nouns knitted until pilot or Laplace S1. 116. 69j - to leave - partir vs laisser: Here's your next verb for this lesson. Let's say, let's say it means to leave. Let's say. So let's say means to leave. But you're probably thinking that we've already learned the verb to leave, which was patio. Well, patio and VLSI both mean to leave, but they can't be used interchangeably. Patio means to leave, as in to get out from somewhere, to leave the house or to lead the country. You can see that it looks similar to the English word depart, or even more so in the phrase to part ways, a TIA is to leave as interleave a place. Let's say, on the other hand, means to leave as interleave something somewhere or to leave something behind. It can also be used to mean to leave somebody somewhere. So here are two example sentences. You vape bacteria demand, UVA patio demand. That means I'm going to leave tomorrow. Uv Leslie likely donors Sharma, UVA Leslie likely the last Sharma. That means I'm going to leave the key in the room. So if you're going away from somewhere, then you use path tier. If you're saying that you're leaving something somewhere, then you use less theme. So how would you say in French, I want to leave now. You VIP Actium antinode Bakhtiar mountain on. I'm going to leave the key here. Gv Lacey, luckily, EC, UVA, LacY LacA, EC. I have left some wine for you. Gsa Duvall, patois or jealousy Davenport, who how would you ask, what time are you leaving tomorrow? Achilles or Achilles? Patty, Buddha man. So don't forget that the patio was part of that little irregular group of ir verbs that makes his own conjugation rules. If you've forgotten these rules, just go back to the lesson where we talk about the present tense. How would you ask, Where are you leaving the car? Ooh, ooh, ooh, ooh, lava tube. And so let's say is an irregular verb. So you can conjugate it into the present tense using the normal rules for. So f2, L2 larva or ooh, ooh, la, VO2. 117. 69k - laisser - to leave: How would you say in French? We left the car behind the hotel. Yellowtail. Who left this here? Acc key. What time does the train leave? Is he leaving today? Is he leaving the call here today? Still? The CEO should be. I'm leaving everything with Marie. I let the passports at the hotel. Did you leave everything at mine at two or chamois? So don't forget that when you use the word to, meaning everything in a past tense phrase, it goes in between the auxiliary verb and the past participle. So did you leave everything at 2x, two, less same or Ubuntu lessee literally have you everything left at 22 less. Or have a Wu to NWA. 118. 69l - to leave you & me: We can add the words 2p and 2p to the word say. And we get to laissez and Wu Laissez, which both mean to leave you. Or instead of we can add C. C means to leave me. So how would you say in French, Can you leave me here? To molest? Say, Oh, say, can you leave me some cheese, please? But you, Melissa de format still to play or poor a Wu Melissa do format Cebu play. So you'll notice that there are actually two ways infringe to say please, we've already seen silver play, which is the formal or the plural way of saying please. But Cl2 play, seal to play is the informal way of saying please. So if you're speaking to one person whom you know very well, you can say Cl2 play. If you're speaking to two people, or if you're speaking to one person whom you don't know very well, then you can say silver play. How would you say in French, I have left to the car. Or you can leave me here. I don't want to go with you to permit lessee EC EC. Have you left me some money for my lunch? Machu lessee, hormone, DNA or RNA. So all of this emphasis that we've been doing with less say, are similar to the sentences that we did with Donny and due Monday. So they are tricky sentences and just like before, what we can do is break them down. So have you left, would be u2, let's say or Avy Wu, lessee. Have you left me? Well, when it's in the past tense, don't forget, goes in front of the auxiliary verb. So mod2, lessee, or maybe woo, let's say the shortens to m apostrophe. When you place in front of a val, the mature less say, have you left me? Then some money for my lunch poem Monday, Johnny macula, say Lao Zhang Pokemon digitally or in the plural or formal mv0 Wu, less aid alarm, jump on Monday. Rna. 119. 69m - laisser - to leave - practice: How would you say in French, the denote was delicious, but I left the potatoes. Here. May GSA napalm, leading a major, let's say. How would you say I can leave you some money if you want. You put the, say the Lao Zhang C2 or GPR VLSI, Zhaung-Zi Vulli. Pierre left me and Paris. Pierre Malagasy Apery, Pierre Laissez Apery. So when you're talking about the past tense, the word which is me, is placed in front of the auxiliary verb and it'll get shorten to m apostrophe. So Pierre, Let's say Apery, because PA, left would be less say. So he left me. Lessee. How would you ask Where did they leave you don t let's say or who's on T lessee. So they left is less say. In a question a becomes until, let's say, which means that they leave. And then you can put the UI in front of the auxiliary verb. To will get shorten to t apostrophe because it starts with a vowel and you will get TA1 till less same, which means did they leave you or W2s on t less than if you're speaking formally. And then you just put the question word at the start. Who don t lessee or horizontal SC. How would you ask digitally view some food? That tail, let's say Delano heater or less eight nanometer. So breaking it down, you have she left using less, say is l, LSA. So L, let's say in a question, you get a tail, let's say, which means did she leave at L, let say. And then you simply put the word for you in front. So two goes in front of the auxiliary verb and it gets shortened to t apostrophe that laissez, did she leave you? And the same goes with woo, woo the lessee. And then the rest of it is pretty simple. Delano heater that LSH, Illinois. Who's a tail, let's say the nanometer. The good thing about languages is that there is always a way around things. For example, if you're in the middle of a conversation and you're struggling to think how to put the word wu or in the sentence will just change it round and so you can avoid them. Instead of saying, did she leave you some food, you could say, did she leave some food for you? And so you could say attain less a glenoid patois or at LSA Delano. And so there's always a way around it. And this is a good habit to get into in speaking foreign languages, is thinking of different ways to say the same thing. So did she leave you some food? Well, in English, there are lots of different ways you could say that digitally view some food that she leaves some food for you. Has she left some food for you? Or you can change the sentence completely. Is there any food for you? Or do you have any food? And so there's always a way around it, so you haven't got to sit and struggle if you can work out exactly how to say what you want to say, you can always think of another way of saying it. 120. 69n - to leave him, her & it: Just like before, we can put luh in front of a verb to mean him on it. And similarly, we can use law to mean her or it if it's referring to a feminine noun. So we can say, look, let's say to mean to leave him or to leave it. And laissez means to leave her or to leave it. Lessee. And lastly, C. So how would you say in French, Where are you going to leave it? Ooh, VO2 lessee or Oo? Oo IC. I bought some food at the supermarket and I've left it out with FU, J Ashdod Delano editor or soup marshy, a. Gla Laissez lab, APA or patois. Jay Asher, Delano, heater or soup marshy is you lay less say lambda or patois. So because the, it in this sentence refers to the food which is feminine, we use law. However, because we've placed in front of a word that starts with a vowel, it shortens to l apostrophe. So we can't actually tell in speaking whether the l apostrophe refers to a Ulla. However, in writing, you can add an extra e to the end of, let's say, to show that it's referring to a feminine noun. So J dash, Delano, eater or soup, marshy, Azure, lay less say. So the laissez has an extra e because the l apostrophe in front of the a is referring to a feminine noun. But in speaking econ here, this seven speaking, there's no way to tell. How would you ask in French, Can I leave it here, please? You say EC pressure Lula, say EC. Marie, Sophie and Pierre visited funds but they left him income. Marie Sophie APL on visit Taylor forms. May L lonely say ICANN. Marie Sophie APL on visit telephones. May L lonely say icon. So here for they, we say L E, L L S. This is because it's referring to Mary and Sophie, which are both female names. 121. 69o - leave me alone: How would you say in French? I took the car to the restaurant and I left it in front. As you lay, lay say Dong certificates for the extra E on the end of say. Because when you place Law in front of the auxiliary verb in a past tense phrase, don't forget that the past participle has to agree. So because it's feminine, we add an extra a0 GLA, let's say the Vaughn, since in this sentence is referring to love what you're meaning the car. So in this lesson, so far, we've had Jimmy demands to occur or Jima demands. Which means, I wonder what k means somebody or someone. Dea Calico shows to tell somebody something. Dia the fair chemical shows to tell somebody to do something. To donate is the singular, informal way of saying to give you. Woo Dani is the formal and the plural way of saying to give you party means to leave as integral away from somewhere. Whereas less say, means to leave as Interleaved something somewhere. To, let's say, is the singular informal way to say to leave You. Wu Laissez is the formal or the plural way of saying to leave you and less say, means to leave me. Little essay and lawless say, while the laissez means to leave him or to leave it. And Lalla say, means to leave her or to leave it. If it's referring to a feminine noun. The phrase less M1, turnkey low, less than what Han keel means, leave me alone. Because in French, if you want to say Leave me alone, what you literally have to say is leave me tranquil. So firstly, the imperative or the command version of the verb, less say within ER and the end is simply less say within IIS ed, on the end, as we've seen, you just put it in the form of the present tense and take away the voom. Secondly, when you want to put more with a verb, we've been learning so far, but you generally put it in front of the verb. However, if you want to put with an imperative or a command in French, you hook it onto the end of the verb with a hyphen. And instead of saying, you say, that's why we say less than one trunk ELA, Leave me alone. Less than what Han keel. 122. 69p - informal imperative: We've just learned that lesson. What honky less him what Tang keel means, leave me alone. And I said that it's made up of the French imperative for the lessee. And then I also said that when you have the word for me in French, normally it's mu. But when you use it with an imperative, it becomes one and you hook it onto the end of the imperative with a hyphen. And that's why we say less a, leave me less than one monkey. So the verb Laissez, which is spelt L ai, becomes less, say spelt LAI CSS when it's in the imperative. But that's actually the imperative form for V02. So you can use that if you're being formal or if you're speaking to more than one person. But we now know that there are two ways to say you infringe. There's the Wu version, but there's also the two version. And the two version is used when you're being informal and speaking to one person. So far, all the imperatives that we've been learning have been in the phone and we form them by putting 0s ed, on the end. But what about if you want to tell somebody what to do informally? But let's have a look at the informal imperative or the informal command in French. So less than what Hong keel means, Leave me alone in the formal or the plural. In the informal, we get less Tang keel, less what hunky-dory. So less smart Hong keel means leave me alone. If you're speaking to one person whom you know very well. To form the VCU imperative in French, you just remove the view from the present tense if you want to form the two version of the imperative, however, there are two steps you have to make. Step one is to remove the two from the present tense so you can get any French present tense verb in the to form. And all you have to do is take the two of the front. And then step two is, if it's an ER verb, you have to remove the S from the end. So in fringe to form the present tense for verbs, remember that you take off the ER and you add ES. Well, to form the imperative, we remove that S from the end. So let me have a quick comparison between the informal and the formal versions of some useful verbs in the imperative in French. Let's look at the informal first and the formal second. So if you want to tell somebody speak French, the informal would be pal Francais, pile Francais. So we've taken to pal, which means you speak. And we've removed the two. And we've also removed the S from the end of the verb because pile a, meaning to speak is a verb that ends normally in ER. So PAL form C means speak French in the informal and the formal or the plural, we have pilot Francais by leaf Hans say, if you want to say, wait here in French, you can say tang EC, atone Zc. So do atan means you wait in the present tense. So all we have to do is remove the two. And because a tundra isn't an IR verb, we don't have to remove the S. So atan ISI means wait here in the informal. And the formal or the plural, we have atan DE EC at, on the EC. If you want to say somebody go where we have var, var. So a tuba means you go and it's spelled VAS because the verb comes from which is alle and in ER, then we remove the S. So var spell Va is the informal imperative, meaning go. The formal or the plural is alae, alae. And let's do one more. If you want to tell somebody eat more, you say March Blue, Marsh blue. So mon j means to eat and it's an ER verb. In the present tense, we get to march to manage means you eat. So we remove the tumor. And because it's an ERD, we also removed the S from the end and we're left with munge. It more formal, it becomes more CPU, more blue. So that's the informal imperative in French, you remove the two. And then if you remove the S from the end. 123. 69q - me vs moi - imperative: Normally in French, when you want to form the imperative or the command, you take the Wu form of the present tense and just remove the word uhm. And so you're left with a verb that generally ends in the xs, ys, ed. But we've just learned in the last lesson that if you want to form the informal imperative, then you take instead the two form of the verb and you remove the two. So I said that step one was to remove the two from the present tense. But then if it's an ER, you have another step. Step two is if it's an ER, you have to remove the S from the end. But remember how there was one irregular verb when we learned the imperative in the formal or the plural version, that verb was Swami. Swami, which meant be. Sy yea, comes from the verb meaning to be, but it's very irregular, says swag a means B in the command, and it's the formal and plural version. In the informal imperative. This is how you say be SUA, Swan, spelled S, i, S. So SUA means B. When you're being informal. For example, swat EC demand. Swat EC demand means be here tomorrow. Newswire past stupider, NAS swaps, stupid. Don't be stupid. So that's the negative version of swap. So you just put in front of S1 and after it and you get no swap bar, which means don't be stupid. There'd be stupid. Swap, I'll swap. The phrase means on time. So swap layer means Be on time. So swap is the imperative of the verb, etc. In the informal, we have SWI yay in the formal or plural, and swap in the informal. Now, the other thing that I mentioned, the phrase less smart Hong keel, which meant Leave me alone, was that if you want to use infringe, meaning me with a verb in the infinitive, You have to hook it onto the end of the verb with a hyphen. And the word for me becomes more. So this goes for formal and informal versions of the imperative. For example, if you want to say help me, you say a11, a11, or in the formal or plural with a AD1, AD1. So a11 or a11 mean helped me. And add in the informal is spelled AID. And there's no S on the end because AD, meaning to help is an IR verb. Palmar. Pile moi means speak to me. Or pile A1 in the formal or plural is speak to me. So pile moi, pilot NWA. The web pile in the informal imperative, again is an E. So we remove the S from the end. De mois. De mois means tell me. And it comes from the verb dia, which means to tell. So 2D means you tell, we just removed the two and it's not an ER verb, so we can leave it with the S on the end. De mois means tell me. And in the formal, we have d1, d2. 124. 69r - object pronouns - imperative: Let's have a look at a few more examples of where we use the imperative with the word for me. So normally the word for me in French is, which is about me. But when you use it with an imperative, it becomes one and you hook it onto the end of the verb using a hyphen. For example, less EC, less my ISI means leave me here. Or in the formal or plural, we get lessee. Ecc, lesson. What ISI? Montoya moi. Montage means show me and is another ER verbs. So we take the S of the end montage, Ma, And in the formal or plural, we get Monterey. Monterey moi equipoise equal to one, means listen to me. Equipoise. Or in the plural we get equity moi. Equity moi. The word mi is the same sort of word as it, him and her. They're all examples of object pronouns. In French, object pronouns generally come in front of the verb, as we've seen so far. For example, we learned a very long time ago things like Julio voodoo array, which means I would like it. So you put the in front of the verb. The object pronouns in French are low and law. For it. Remember that LA is used when it's referring to a masculine noun, and law is used when it's referring to a feminine noun. Can also mean him and combine her. And then we've seen means me. But I also said that when you put murmur With an imperative, then it becomes one and it goes on the end of the verb, and you hook it on with a hyphen. In fact, that's true for all object pronouns. If you use an imperative, you have to hook them on the end using a hyphen. For example, pha means due in the imperative or FET in the plural or formal. So do it now is Fe, Lu maintenance failure, maintenance or fit? Maintenance? A shed or ash day? Mean bye, bye. It would be a shed Lu. Lu. So the meaning, it gets hooked on the end using a hyphen. If you want to say help her, you say aid law, ED law, or AD law in the formal or plural. So again, you hook it onto the end. 125. 69s - negative imperative: So that's three things that we've now learned from little phrase less Tonkin, less much Hong keel means leave me alone. But the three things that we've learned are, number one, to form the imperative in the informal, you just take the two of the present tense. And if it's an E of a, you remove the S from the end as well. Number two was with the imperative. Object. Pronouns hook onto the end of the verb with a hyphen rather than in front of the verb. And number three was that the object pronoun, meaning me, turns into one when it's hooked on the end of a verb in the imperative. Now, this lesson has been packed with new information. So don't worry if it hasn't awesome Qin yet, you can re-watch the Lesson as many times as you need. But there are a few more things that I want to go over using the imperative in French. Firstly, is the negative imperative. Now, we already know how to form the negative imperative. Or we have to do is put a number in front of the verb and the past after it. It doesn't matter whether you're using the informal or the formal version. To make an imperative negative, all you have to do is put in front of the verb and after the verb. For example, not only Nepal personally or in the formal Nepali pass only the mean. Don't speak English. So if pile only means speak English or pilot only in the formal, but in the negative, we get Nepal pass only or Nuke barely pass only. Don't speak English. But there's one thing that I wanted to tell you, and that is that if you use an object pronoun with the negative imperative infringe, it goes in front of the verb, just like with normal tenses. So the positive imperative is the only time in fringe where the object pronoun comes after the verb. Every other time, even the negative imperative, the object pronoun comes in front of the verb. For example, Fe or fed. They both mean do it. Failure is the informal and fet lu is the formal or the plural. And you can see that we've hooked onto the end. But in the negative, i said that object pronouns come in front of the verb, so don't do it is nulla fate BPA or newly effects BPA, newspaper nullified GPA. So that goes in front of the verb. Because the object pronouns go in front of the verb in the negative imperative, it also means that you can go back to using the word mer instead of one. So you only use one when it hooks onto the end of a positive imperative verb. If you use a negative imperative, you can use to mean me or to me. For example, number pad. Or Metallica, mean don't speak to me. So that goes in front of the imperative, Numa LPA or Numa. Numa Montoya or Maimon PIPA. They mean don't show me Numa mantissa, Newman taper. Numa Tampa or new baton, nepa. They mean don't wait for me. No motto, MPA, new math on Deepa, serving the positive imperative. The word hooks onto the end of the verb and it becomes more like when we had less c'est moi, which meant leave me. But in the negative, it goes in front of the verb and he goes back to being. So less A1 was the positive and it means leave me. And in the negative we get numerous EPA Walesa. So that goes in front of the verb in the negative imperative. Mm-hm. 126. 69t - imperative - practice: So how would you say in French, leave now? Path maintenance or parte maintenance. So in the informal 2D bar means you leave as Interleaved somewhere. And so we just remove the two I'm left with. And because patio, which is the web comes from, is an IR verb rather than an OEE of if we didn't have to remove the S. And so maintenance or in the formal we get path tape maintenance. How would you say leave the key with me? And so this is a different sort of leave less likely to make more or less the law clay Avik MA, So let's say is an E And to less means you leave. So we remove the two and we also have to remove the letter S from the end because it's an E ab, less likely one. Let's say luckily, I've ECMO. How would you say Leave me alone? Less, more or less same what truncate. The food is delicious. Try it. Landow heater, a deadly serious SA LA Landow heater, a deadly serious ACA law. So in the informal try it is essay la. Sta means to try. It's an e. So to say means you try. We have to remove the two and the S from the end and we're left with SA. And the, it in this sentence is referring to the food which is feminine. So we say la, SA, LA, or in the plural SHA, law. And so because it's a positive imperative, we hope the, it on the end. How would you say in French, the food is terrible. Don't eat it. We're going to find a restaurant later. Landow heater, a Terry Ebla nulla Launchpad, moves along. The blue nulla Launchpad, noodle onto V. So in this one we've got a negative imperative, which means the, it goes in front of the verb, know, launchpad. And so it, again, it's referring to a feminine noun, the food. So that's why we say law. And it goes in front of the nulla launchpad. Or in the formal it would be no Limoges EPA land or new land use along 2V. 127. 69u - imperative - practice: How would you say in French, show me everything. Momentum 12 or Monterey, what to how it is. They don't buy it, it's too expensive. And let's say in this sentence, we're referring to a car, which is a feminine noun. You in what you nulla shipped. In a Toshiba or knowledge DBA, a Toshiba. So don't buy it is new law shift or new Lashkar-e-Taiba. And in the second part, it's too expensive. Well, because we are referring to a feminine noun, a car. We say literally, she is too expensive. How would you say, tell me something interesting. Get-go shows data. Be happy. Sweat over. There'd be sad. Just tell me if you don't want to go. De mois C2, never Pacioli. Pacioli. So in the informal we have d1, but that also means that we have to use the informal version of you don't want, which is to know VBA. And in the formal, we have D8. And the formal or plural version of you don't want is wound of Lipa. Now here's your next phrase for this lesson. We already saw when we looked at the first French structure quite a while ago. But after all that new information about the imperatives and object pronouns, it would be nice to recap something a little less tricky. So the phrase is Gua, Gua. And it means I'm most, or I have to Joi. How would you say in French? I have to leave now, the accumulator. You should wake me up in what may happen in what Pluto. So when the informal We have a paid more for call me. And in a formal or plural we have upper limb one. How would you say in French? I have to leave it here. Let say EC, Jude valueless, EC. I have to call Pierre. Pierre is you'd want. So BWA is an infinitive carrier, which means we can put any infinitive on the end of it, so I have to call or I must call. 128. 69v - do I have to?: How would you say in French, I can't come to Paris. I have to go to cache tomorrow. Juniper. Jude was LA acti Lederman. Jin prepare Venera, Aliyah, collate the moon. We can make Xu Duan into a question in the same way we normally do. We switched the x2 and the schwa around and link them together with a hyphen and we get Guan Zhu. Guo Azure means do I have to. So how would you ask infringe? Do I have to leave now? Guage, bacterium, antimony. Why do I have to leave it here? Abc. Abc. Do I have to call Pierre? I pretty pn. I have to change the reservation because I'm busy tomorrow. Is you assume baskets you 3s. Okay. What do I have to show? You? Could wash it to Monterrey or could washer woman tray. Now your next verb in French is meta. Meta. And it means to put meta spelled M, E, T, T, E. So how would you say in French? I'm going to put it here. Uv Lemaitre, EC, Zubaida metro, EC. Can you put everything in the room? But you put a bu metro today. 129. 69w - mettre - to put: How would you say in French, please put that bear. Va metro ASALA. Metro ASALA. Now the web metta is a very irregular verb in both the present and the past tense. Let's have a look at the present tense to start with. So metta means to port. And we get Xiaomi, which means I put Jimmy is spelt M E T S be pronounced it may because you don't pronounce the T or the S on the end. To me means you put ill, may or may mean he puts or she puts new mutton, new metal. We put we met a woman. You put. And Ill met. Ill met means vapour. Geometry may, ill may LMA, we may emit. So thus the present tense. And then in the past tense or the past participle of metta is me, spout, MIS. So once you know that information, you can probably work out how to form the rest of the past tense. But we have Jamie. Jamie means I have poked 200M, 100W to AMI. You have put IL AMI or L AMI. He has, or she has put loser Valmy. Loser Valmy means we have put whose IV me, who's IV me? You have put in the plural or the formal. And then it is AMI is on me, means they have port. Jamie, Eli, me, Eleni, Musa Valmy, who's have Amy and is AMI. So how would you say in French? I've put it here for you. Is you lay me EC patois or gene Amy. Ooh. Where have you put it? Or umami. Where did you put the car? U2 MLA or APA MLA, VO2. 130. 69x - recap so far: How would you say in French, Murray put PS passport in the room. Mathy, Emilia past powdered donut shop. Mari, amino passport, the Pierre donor Sharma. So in this lesson so far, we've had Jimmy demand sucker, which means, I wonder what killed Kang means somebody or someone. Directly. No-shows are Capetown. To tell somebody something. Dia de farewell to shows. To tell somebody to do something. To donate means to give you in the singular, informal. Woo Dani means to give you in the formal or the pleural path tear means to leave as integral away from somewhere. Let's say, means to leave as in to leave something somewhere. To laissez means to leave you in the singular informal. Laissez means to leave you in the formal or the plural. Lse means to leave me. Lessee would be to leave him or IT, or Lalla essay is to leave her or it when referring to a feminine noun. Less smart, Hong Qila means living alone in the informal, whereas less same what Tang keel means, Leave me alone in the formal or the plural. Hachette LA means by it in the informal. So this just reminds you that when you're conjugating a verb into the imperative, in the informal, you take the two forms of the present tense and you remove the S if it's an IR verb. And then all object pronouns in the imperative go after the verb and you hook them on the end with a hyphen, the asset LA by it. But in the plural or the formal, we'd have ash, Taylor, ash de Leeuw. Nulla shit. Nulla shift means don't buy it. So in the positive imperative, the object pronoun hooks onto the end of the verb. But in the negative imperative, the object pronoun goes in front of the verb, which is why nulla shut means don't buy it. De mois. De mois means tell me. And this is just to remind you that when you want to say Me on the end of an imperative, it becomes one. But in the negative, it goes back to being an, IT goes in front of the verb. So we get Numidia BPA. Numidia BPA, which means don't tell me. Then we had the phrase should BWA, which means I'm most or I have to. Do. Azure means do I have to. And meta means to port. 131. 69y - I had to: How would you say in French were putting everything in the car for tomorrow? On two new metal. They are putting the food here. You met met LeNoir TREC. Now the phrase Joi meant I most, or I have to. And in the past tense we get this. Do the GDV. It means I had to pay. So how would you say in French, I had to hire a car. You devalue way in what you do the Louis and watch you. I had to call Murray. I'm sorry, but I had to leave early may. Just three days. Really major debate bacteria. I had to buy it because I left my coat at the hotel. They say My motto, pass QG. They say Momento allo tail. Yesterday I had to go to the supermarket because I didn't have any food. Pascals you Navy paranoid to Judah visually or supermesh Pascals you Navy paranoid too. 132. 69z - early: Here's your final word for this very long lesson. To tow. It means early to say, how would you say in French, I wanted to eat something, but it's too early for dinner. And don't forget that if you're talking about the time, you can use the phrase for it is rather than say. So if you are saying it is early right now, then you can use LA for it is muj Calico shows may in a total pollutant driven mosaic LCA shows may eat a total polygyny. So when you're talking about it being too, as in the time is two, then you would use ELA rather than C. So how would you say is quite as c2, a2. I have to leave early tomorrow. Joi Ito doma. You'd wipe bacteria to the man. I have to go very early yesterday because Michelle took the car. I laid trade TO basket, Michelle and me, LavAzza, Zubaida in a pascal machine, a milliwatt you I have to start early next week. The last main portion. Last main portion. I went early last week. Just easily TO last Monday. Alito less McDaniel. I can't take the train with you because I have to leave earlier than you. Pascal's Uda, Pluto could TWA or pond Pascals. So earlier is literally infringe more early Pluto and earlier than Pluto. 133. 69z2 - final recap: As I said in this lesson, we've learned a lot of new ways and a lot of tricky grammar points. So don't panic if they didn't Togo in a Mongo. You can always come back to this lesson if you need a recap. We've learned Zimmer demand school or human demand sucker, which means I wouldn't do want. Remember how the phrase circle Oscar is? What? When it's in the middle of a sentence. Kiloton means somebody or someone. Dea DLCO shows Achilles down, means to tell somebody something. Dear. Alcohol counterfactual pushers means to tell somebody to do something. To donate, means to give you. When you're speaking in the informal. Wu Dani means to give you, when you're speaking in the formal or the plural. Patio means to leave in the sense of going away from somewhere. And laissez means to leave in the sense of leaving something somewhere. To laissez means to leave you when you're speaking informally. And VLSI means to leave you when you're speaking formally or in the plural. And more lessee means to leave me. Let's say, or Lalla say, well, Lula SA means to leave him or to leave it if you're referring to a masculine noun, whereas less a means to leave her or to leave it. If you are referring to a feminine noun, less what honky LA means, leave me alone. When you're speaking in the informal lesson, what trunk ELA means, leave me alone. If you're speaking formally or in the plural. As she had to learn, means by it in the informal. So don't forget that when you're forming the imperative for the informal, you, you remove the word to form the present tense. And if it's an ER, you remove the word S from the end. And then in the imperative, if you have any object pronouns, such as me, him, her, or it, they go on the end of the verb and they are hooked on using a hyphen. In the formal we have Ash Taylor, Lou, and that's also the plural of buy it. In the negative nulla shut, no lasciate BPA. It means don't buy it. Because in the negative imperative, any object pronouns come in front of the verb. De mois. De mois means tell me. So this is a reminder that when you use the word mer, which means me, infringed with an imperative, then a commons on the end of the verb, and it changes to one. Numa Deepa. Nima Deepa means don't tell me. So in the negative imperative, it stays as and you place it in front of the web. Then we had Joi, which means I most Oh, I have to do Azure is a question. Do I have to mete? Was the verb meaning to put? The v means I had 22, means Ellie. And if you are speaking about what time it is now, then the phrase Alito means it's Ellie. 134. 69z3 - let's practise - English to French : It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in French? I wouldn't, what they're doing here today. Is human demand, skied fantasy, or should we assumed the skill fantasy or should we? I wonder if there is somebody here who speaks English? Jim demanded celiac. Celiac and can exceed key pylon Lee. Are you telling Maria to go to the shop? D2. D2 Delhi or I can give you five minutes, but I have to go soon. Japan to donate sank minute may be unto you pursue Dani sank Minuit measured whether Libya into I've left everything at home. J2, J2, Lacey chamois. So remember that when you have the word to, meaning everything in a past tense phrase, generally your place it after the auxiliary verb and before the past participle. But if you did say JLS, a2 chamois, you'll be perfectly understood. How would you say in French, please leave me alone. I don't want to go with you today. Cl2 play, less smart. Hong Qi, Jin Vipassana vector measured V. Cbo play. Listen what honky, universe. We don't buy me a souvenir from Paris. No mash it pass on souvenir of Apache. No match the patterns you've near the Pali. Tell me where you're going tomorrow. De mois Duma. Duma. It's very early, but I'm very tired. If a typo measures we type a TA in a title Major sweet TEA. I had to call PA yesterday. 135. 69z4 - let's practise - French to English: Now let's have a go at doing some reverse translations. Where do these friends sentences mean in English? Where are you going to leave it? A11. A11. Helped me. Why do I have to give you my passport? Asahi. Jamie, luckily, I must tell you where. Put the key until to me until two medulla vacua. Have you put everything in the car? Told the man may told among major VDC, luckily, EC patois. I'm leaving early tomorrow, but I'm going to leave the key here for you. Shall my d, the method2 shall my d, the metro to donate genre. Charles told me to put everything in the room. See ISI, CCP, ISI, CCP fast CPU. You can leave me here if it's easier for you to Upon a Time Alone upon hollow tunnel onto the moon. I have to take the train to London tomorrow. What honky tonk. Leave me alone. 136. 69z5 - let's recap - English to French: What we'll do now are some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How would you ask him French? What time do you want to have lunch? It's at quarter past five. Say as sanctuary. Cities sank Eureka. It's too big. Say Togo, say TO home. I went to the cinema yesterday, but everything was very expensive. Or cinema. Cinema may to some fringe to component a fancy Wu company. I tried it but it wasn't very good. Aca may soon datapath Raman. He isn't very tired. In a path. In a pathway. Fatty gay. I'm going to pay my bill. You VPA. Are You going out later or are you staying here? Saf sof o has the VC. I have a map of GM GM plant. 137. 69z6 - let's recap - French to English: Now let's have a go at doing some French to English recount translations. What do these French sentences mean in English? I'm not sleeping well. G g, parallel. I spoke with Maria a week ago. I finally Colombia. And how much is a one-way ticket? Ebola may any fantastic EEC law may really fantastic, ETC. The food is good there, but it's fantastic here. At to-do coffee. Coffee. The have any coffee pointed at point a. Take the third root on the right. What is the address? Pizza. Pizza, that you keep your shoes. I'm going to order pizza. Do you want anything? A fantastic a fantastic lunch here is fantastic. Me ME Wu De lie in the restaurants here. 138. 70a - recap of previous lesson: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson, I heard you say in French, I wonder what? Jimmy demand sucker. Somebody to tell somebody something directly to shows up KDKA, to tell somebody to do something. Deep. Candor, fair? Keiko shows to give you in the informal, to Donny, to give you in the formal or plural. Woo Dani, to leave, as in to go away from somewhere. Party. To leave in the sense of leaving something somewhere. Let's say, to leave you in the informal. Too lazy. To leave you in the formal or the plural. Wu lessee. To leave me. Malagasy. To leave him, or to leave it. Little essay. To leave her. Lse. Leave me alone in the informal. Less much Hong Qila. Leave me alone in the formal or the plural. Less than what trunk he'll buy it in the informal. Asset flew by it in the formal or plural? Ash Taylor. Don't buy it in the informal. Tell me in the informal. De mois. Don't tell me in the informal. Numa Deepa. I'm most store I have to do I have to do Azure. To put mete. I had two pursued the v. Two. It's early in the sense of right now it is really talking about the time. 139. 70b - there was / there were: We've seen the phrase Ilia, which means there is or there are. Well, here it is in the past tense. Ilia VA, Ilia VA. It means there was, or they were. Ilia v. So how would you say in French? There were lots of people at the supermarket yesterday. Harvey, book would person or sigma. Or don't forget that instead of saying person, you can say Zhong, Bu Zhong or soup marshy. How would you say there was too much to do? Erv affair? If you have a toe affair, how would you say I wouldn't want to eat at the hotel. Assuming demand. Tsukiji IV emoji, Yellowtail, Jim Dumont, skinny IV emoji, Alcatel. When we learned the phrase Ilia, which means there is or there are Willard, the negative, the question and the negative question versions too. So Ilia by itself just means there is or there are. But we can make it negative and it becomes eniac BPA in the APA means there isn't or their own. In a question, we get EA till here, till, which means is there or are there. And then in a negative question, we get near till par Nieto LPA, which means isn't there or on their, well, we can do exactly the same thing with ERV. So Ilia VA, by itself means there was, oh, there were. But we can make it into a negative statement by putting in front of the y and on the end in the VBA. Ilia, VBA means there wasn't, there weren't. We can make it into a question. E e of e tilde. That means was there or were there. So all we've done in this phrase is put the word ill after Ave and join them together with a hyphen e at 18. And then we can make it into a negative question. Ni, nearby tilda. And that means wasn't there or when they're so Ilia vey there wasn't I where you only have EPA. There wasn't an there weren't ERA Till was there or were there and near veto power wasn't there. Or whether there. 140. 70c - there was / there were: So we've seen the four different ways that you can use the phrase iliac vein. Ilia, way by itself means there was or there were. In the VBA is negative, meaning there wasn't or they weren't. Era till Is the question was there or were there. And ni is the negative question, meaning wasn't there or when they're. So how would you say in French? There wasn't much to do when I went on holiday to Lera shell. Many restaurants there. What was there to eat? Here? V t Lamaze, key, IVT emoji. So the phrase ERA tilde means was there and we can put the question would occur in front of it. And when the word curl, spelled QU, is placed in front of a word that starts with a vowel or H, then it shortens to QU apostrophe. And in French, the letter y is classed as a vowel, serve as QU apostrophe. Why Q0 of a, t lambda j. What was that eat? How would you ask? Went mad too cause there why wasn't that time near VT padded Don why wasn't there anytime and that's why we have little do after that. But there wasn't any money in the room. 141. 70d - ready: How would you ask in French? With many people at the restaurant, you have a til beaucoup person or histone. Tail beaucoup persons or histone. So in this lesson so far we've had ILLIAC IV, which means there was all that were in the have EPA. Means there wasn't there weren't ERA till means was there or whether AND NEA V2 bar wasn't there or when they're, here's your next word for this lesson, and it's an adjective. Play. Play. It means ready pay. So how would you say in French, everything is ready now to today? I'm not ready. Is he ready? 1818 is already a tilde play. The adjective play is a normal adjective in that if you want to make it feminine or you have to do is add the letter E to the end. So how would you say in French, is she ready? A til pit, et al pit. So we just add the letter E to the end. And then you can hear the t pronounced is the masculine. Feminine. So how would you say in French, is Marie ready? 142. 70e - ready to...: So the word pray means ready. You might have heard of the sandwich shop called beta mu j. It means ready to eat. And it's actually a useful name because it teaches us a little bit of fringe. If you want to say that you are ready to do something. And then you say pray, meaning ready, the little word for two. And then you can put the verb. And because prey and will be put together, you can pronounce it EDTA, and you can put any verb on the end. So pret among Jay was ready to eat. You might have heard of the fashion phrase pret-a-porter pay while the web parte means to wear. So pret-a-porter means ready-to-wear. So here are some example sentences using prey, and then you just, we just tear. I'm ready to leave to a predator emoji. Today pret emoji. Everything is ready to eat. Then this phrase, just we read that to you, just feel that too. It's a funny phrase in French. It means I'm ready for anything. And I know that two isn't a verb, but this is still a good phrase to use. Just be beta2, I'm ready for everything. So how would you say in French, are you ready to go? A2 prenatally or at woo prenatally? I'm ready to help you. Just we pray at the day or just we pray a woozy day. So you haven't got to pronounce the T on the end of prey just because it's followed by an a, but you will hear more often than not pronounced. So instead of just, we pray at the day, you'll just be pret Saturday, Moses, we lose a day. Are you ready to leave now? A2, Actium antenna at UW setup Actium antimony. So in this lesson so far we've had EDI VA, meaning there was or they were in the EPA. There wasn't all there weren't ERA till meaning was there or whether they're NEA VT, LPA wasn't there when their prey means ready. And then data can be followed by any verb and it means ready to. 143. 70f - soon: How would you say in French, we are ready to order a common de. Marie is ready to eat. A pet among the children already asleep. Lays on phone, some prey, academy, liaison phone, some pay, adopt me. So the word play, if it's feminine, gets an E on the end, or if it's plural, you can put an S on the end. Now we've seen this next word when we learned the phrase Abby onto, which meant See you soon. So the word bn by itself means soon, Vm2. So how would you say in French, I'm going to fund soon. Uva on fonts began to be onto. Pierre is coming to England soon. Vt_2, VT_1, VT_2. I wanted to leave soon. Trb onto bacteria began to. I have to go soon. Ibm to IBM to. We have to wait here now because the train is arriving soon. New devotes a tundra seem antimony, vascular time, VT_2, VT_1, VT_2. 144. 70g - to go - aller - present & past tense: Now we've seen the verb I lay before and it means to go. But let's have a look at it in a bit more detail because it is a very irregular verb. So the verb I lay means to go. In the present tense. It goes like this. Ga. Ga means I go or I'm going to TVA. Hugo or your going. Eva, or L bar means he goes or she goes, or he is going and she is going. News alone. News alone means we go or we going. W2s alle, whose Ali? You go, you're going. And Yvon. 11 means Vigo, or they're going. So that's the present tense. You vey, tuba, EVA, EVA, lose along with alle, Yvonne. In the past tense, the verb LA is a verb of movement, which means it has to use eta as its auxiliary verb. Rather than saying, I have gone J ILA, we say just three. Alle surge Sweet Valley means I went or I've gone to a alle. 2a means you went or you've gone. La, LA, LA, LA, he went or he's gone. So the T on the end of a deacon pronounced because the next one starts with a vowel. So electorally, L, Italy. Italy. This means she went, Oh, she's gone. New Psalm Xilai, new songs I. We went or we'd gone. Woo that Sally, who's it? Alle means you went or you've gone. And Il Song, I lay in some tally. They went or they've gone. So you might notice that the past participle, I lay spelled ALL e with an accent, changes slightly when we say She went and we went, and they went. So when we say She went, the past participle gets an extra e. And that's because it's feminine. When we said we went the past participle, LA gets an S on the end. It's a silent tests in speaking, but you can still see it in the written language. Similarly, Il-Sung tele, meaning they went the past participle alle, author has an S on the end. We'll look at this in more detail in the next lesson. But for now, just know that when you are talking about a feminine pronouns, are she or any feminine name, you put an extra e on the end of ALI. But when you are speaking about a plural pronoun, so like we or they, or if you are speaking about more than one name, then the past participle alle gets an S on the end, but it's a silent tests. 145. 70h - aller - practice: So we've just seen the verb in the present tense is UVA, to lose alone. W2s alle, Yvon. And in the past tense, it goes just three. Xilai, 2A LA, LA, LA, LA, LA, Newsome. Xilai, whose Italy. And incidentally, what makes the web alle so interesting and wonderfully useful is the fact that we can use it. Talk about the future, infringe. If you want to say that you're going to do something, well, just use any form of the verb alle plus any infinitive that you like. For example, UVA mode j, GV Muji means I'm going to eat, evaporate, packed here. He's going to leave News along lashed day. News alone last day. We're going to buy it. So just take any verb in the world, put it on the end of any form of LA, and you're talking about the future. So how would you say in French, he is going to arrive soon. They're going to leave tomorrow. We're going to visit the Eiffel Tower. And the Eiffel Tower in French is Laetoli fail. New xylem visited at talky fail. News along the detail Atari fail. So we just use news alone, which means we're going in the present tense. And then we can put the verb Visit Day on the end, nodes along visit a lavatory fail. We're going to visit the Eiffel Tower. Say you just take any form of the verb I lay in the present tense and you can put anywhere on the end of it and you're talking about the future. But of course, you can also talk about the past using the past tense of the verb alle. For example, how would you say they went to Spain last year? On a Spaniard, Lenny Daphnia. 146. 70i - être - to be: So in this lesson so far, we've had ILLIAC IV, meaning there was all that there wasn't what I went was there or whether they're near a tilda, wasn't there, or when their prey means ready. Red means ready to. And you can put any variable on the end of that phrase. Be unto, means soon. And then the verb alle means to go. How would you say in French? I went to a good restaurant in stress ball with my friends. Just speedily. Strasbourg, I miss. I mean, just three Xilai has to admit. I mean, yesterday we went to the cinema. Yeah, Newsome Xilai, who cinema. Nuisance I layout cinema. Let's add another verb to alist. Eta. Eta means to be at. So how would you say in French, he is going to be here soon. Tracy, VT_2, ECB M2. So we've got EVA, which means he is going. And don't forget, you can put any verb on the end of any form of LA in the present tense. So he's going to be ACB onto, he's gonna be here soon. How would you say I'm not going to be ready until five PM. Hey, USCA, DCT. Dct. So as you invade bar means I'm not going and you can put the verb eta after that. So Zhun Bei positron, I'm not going to be Qian Bei padded. I'm not going to be ready. How would you say we're going to be busy tomorrow? Lose along the Torah occupied Duma, News along the top, occupied the man. And say, OK, you pay means busy. And we put an S on the end because it's talking about a plural pronoun. We. So News along eta, occupations demand. 147. 70j - it was / it is / it's going to be: How would you say in French? I'm sorry, but I'm not going to be there today. May designate. Where are you going to be later? Ooh. Ooh, ooh. That everything is going to be ready on Monday. To London. To London. So tufa means everything is going to. We've learned the phrase Sava as a way of asking a question, How are you? So you can say to somebody server. However, its literal meaning is much more useful. It comes from the verb Ali, and you can put any infinitive on the end of it. So the value is the same Van W. So when we did EVA, meaning he's going or NVA, meaning she's going. So Sava means it's going. And you can put any verb on the end of it. So how would you say in French, it's going to be fantastic. Savoir etre fantastic. Savoir etre fantastic. It's going to be ready soon. Savoir etre VT_2, savoir. So now we can describe things in the past tense, the present tense and future tense. So in the past weekend, say set day, which means it was, so city bomb, it was good. For example, in the present tense we can say c, meaning it is, say bone, it is good. And now in the future tense we can say Savoir etre. It's going to be Savoir etre. Savoir etre bone is going to be good. So sit day it was, say it is. And it's going to be talking about something in the past, the present, and the future. 148. 70k - à l'heure - on time: How would you say in French, it's going to be good. At top bone survives autobahn. If you want to make negative or you have to do is put the word know in front of the van and after it. So how would you say it isn't going to be here? San Nova positron EC, San bypass at ISI. So rather than saying sat new VAB bar, you can link the first few words together and there'll be pronounced like sun, sun Vab, some VAB POSIX, EC. It isn't going to be here. Now here's your next phrase for this lesson. It means on time. Literally it means at the our ally. But you can use it to mean on time. So how would you say in French, the train isn't on time. I wonder if the train is going to arrive on time. See you, Tom? I wonder if Pierre is going to be here on time today. Zooming demand, CPM. Jim, the MSP. I'm sorry, but we're not going to be there on time. Me. 149. 70l - tout va - everything is going: How would you say in French? I wasn't on time today, but I'm going to try to leave early tomorrow. Genetic puzzle layer, or should we measure a SIJ, the path T80 demand genetic puzzle? We measure they SHA, the party or to the man. In this lesson so far, we've had Ilia, meaning there was or there were any Ave wasn't all there weren't. Era Till was there or whether Nieves wasn't there, or when their prey means ready, pred data, ready to be onto. Soon. I lay means to go. Eta means to be and Saha means it's going. And now we have just seen the phrase Allah means on time. So how would you say in French, please be on time? Seems to play swap or silver play smog. In the informal, please is Cl2 play. But in the formal or the plural, word for please is still Wu play. How would you say? Charles told me to be on time, shuffled my d deta she muddy day trailer. So to tell someone to do something is DIA, and then you have to use the word in front of the verb. So muddy, muddy, he told me dou, eta and the shortens. The apostrophe in front of a word that starts with a vowel, which is why we have shall muddy. Deta. These x-rays as your final phrase for this lesson. It isn't really a new phrase, but I just wanted to show you that you can put anything in front of the word van. To. Tufa means everything is going. So how would you say in French, everything is going to be perfect. Two, to a topography. 150. 70m - "try to..." vs "try and...": How would you say in French, everything is going to be here. To DC. To AC. Everything is going well. Too young to Vab Yang. So to wrap means everything is going. Now there's just one more thing I want to mention in this lesson. It's something I've thought of as an afterthought. It's the difference between English and French concerning the verb to try. In English, you can say, I'll try to arrive early. Or you can also say, I'll try and arrive early. So I'll try to arrive early. And I'll try and arrive early, mean the same thing in English. But in fringe, both of those sentences would be UVA, SAG, derivation to Jay-Z, say yada, he veto. And that's because in English you can say to try to do something or to try and do something. Whereas in French you always say SAA. And so the word is always used in front of the next verb. In fringy can't say, I'll try and arrive early. You say I'll, I'll try to arrive early. Ga SAA, divey too. And the owl try bit. In French, you will say I'm going to try and sell when it's talking about something that's going to happen in the future. You're saying I'll try and you're referring to a future action. But in French, you can use survey with the verb SEA, UVA, SAA, Dharavi TO, I'll try to arrive early, or I'll try and arrive early. In English, you'll hear to try to do something or to try and do something. And it really depends on where about Joi in the English-speaking world as to which one you are here. For example, you're here. Do try to behave or do try and behave. Or another example, I'll try to speak French, or I'll try and speak French. So one way is to try to do something, and the other way is to try and do something. This only works in the present and future tenses in English. In the past tense, it's always tried to. So he tried to speak English. He can't say he tried and speak English. So in the past tense in English, you always have tried to. However, this is an English problem because no matter what in French you always have to say SHA du plus a verb. So you would never say to try and infringe. So I'll try and do it now or I'll try to do it now. Both of those are SIJ, the maintainer, Zubaida, CJ, doula, mantel. The same is true with Go. And in French, the verb ILA can be followed by an infinitive. But in English, we say go and do something. For example, we must go and find the car. In French, you will say Lou Dong allay 2V LavAzza, LavAzza, LavAzza. So I'll a two-way means to go and find, literally to go to find the French, you literally have to say, we must go to find the car. Or in English you can say, I want to go and see Marie tomorrow. Well, in French, econ, go and see you just use the web to go Alley and then the verb to see, I leave. Why? Mahi Dhamma? Alabama dimmer. Or do you want to go and get some milk? Will go and get in French, you will have to say to go to buy some milk. Virtue alle Ashdod, you lay virtually ash they delay. So literally, Do you want to go to buy some milk rather than g1 to go and buy? Or do you want to go and get some milk? So in this last sentence, not only do you have to avoid the word and you also avoid the word get. You'd have to say infringed by g1 to go and buy some milk. 151. 70n - final recap: How would you say in French? Are you going to try and speak French? That you ACA, the Pali francais or ou. See. I'm going to try and finish everything now because I'm busy tomorrow. Uva, SAA the funnier to mountain pass. Qg Swiss occupy Dhamma Zubaida. Say, hey, the funnier to mountain on Pascals, you Swiss occupied the man. Now with this sentence in French, if you have du plus an infinitive, You can place adverbs such as two, meaning everything, and tow, meaning to march in front of the infinitive. So this sentence could also be UVA, SAA to funnier maintenance. So I'm going to try. And in French we say everything to finish now, UVA SEA to, to funnier mantle, non-prosecution, sweet occupied Amar. The two, when you have an essay, Yea, do, can go in front of the next verb. How would you say in French? Everybody is going to try and arrive early tomorrow. Tournament by SAK derivate PO, dilemma. Tournament by SHA, derivate told them L. So in this lesson, we've learned Ilia VA, which means there was no there were, you only have a par there wasn't told I weren't. Era Till was there aware their knee bar means wasn't there or when their prey means ready, ready to. And you can put any variable at the end of that. The MTO means soon. I lay means to go. Eta means to be. Then the phrase Sabah means it's going and you can put any verb on the end of that as well. I love means on time. And then tufa means everything is going. 152. 70o - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How do you say in French, there wasn't much food at the hotel. We're eating at the restaurant tonight. May or may not have enough money in the room for the pizza. Paula, pizza. Pizza. Everything is ready now to a pregnant woman. Today. I'm ready to leave when you want. Are you ready to go to the supermarket now? Dilate it. I'm going to try and arrive early to try and be here at four o'clock. A, C, D, Tracy. Tracy. So try in the imperative is a command. In the informal is essay with no S on the end. And then in the formal or the plural, it's SAA with an easy. How would you say in French, I was on-time yesterday is going to be fantastic. Fantastic. Fantastic. There wasn't a table for five at the restaurant. 153. 70p - let's practise - French to English: Now let's have a go at doing some reverse translations. Where do these French sentences mean in English? The train isn't on time. Tracy, demonstrate that to you. Are you going to be here tomorrow evening? Total? Don't arrive too early. I'm going to go to the supermarket laser, VT. VT, liberte dish companion. Whether any bottles of champagne tablet. Is their table ready for us? Are you ready to older? Pierre is going to be here soon. Ready? Sunni? Sunni pathway. It isn't ready. C2. C2. I wonder if everything is going to be ready on time. 154. 70q - let's recap - English to French: What we're going to do now, awesome recap translations between cooperate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How do you say in French way? Haven't they paid the bill? Is that regarding behind the hotel? Till now? Thank you. Pam Antonio, MFC. I saw the film Four days ago, but it was terrible. Gvd film may be blue. Jv film Ediacaran may irritate every blue. So in this sentence, because we are referring to the film, which is a masculine noun and LoveFilm. When we say it was terrible, we have to literally say infringe, he was terrible. Rather than just say, how would you say I'm not sleeping well, how did we get to the airport? Can I buy two tickets, please? Play. They're going to spend three weeks in France. The breakfast is at seven o'clock. 155. 70r - let's recap - French to English: Now let's do some French to English recap translations. What do these friends sentences mean in English? Plenty, Sadik woo, woo. Take that with you. At u. At u upon DBCA. Did you wait here yesterday? Coupon. Coupon on taxi. Taxi and pin one. Who play a bit less for me, please. What are you going to try today? Is it going to change the reservation? I'm not going to eat here. Ba, ba. When did they buy the tickets? So in this sentence, the word con means when. But when you have the word kong followed by a word that starts with a vowel, D on the end of Khan can sound a little bit like a T. So you'll either here, come ON THE DBA or content as daily Va. What does this sentence mean? La, tail, end Italo tail. She is at the hotel. Gym passe diva console number tear measure prefer Valley electron g. Gm basilica cons measure per allele electron g. I like spending the holidays in England, but I prefer going abroad. 156. 71a - this morning: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson that you say infringed. There was or they were EDV. There wasn't what I went. Was there or where there wasn't there or when there. Navi tilda. Ready ready to assume V onto to go Ali, to be eta. It's going Sabah on time. Everything is going to. Your first phrase for this lesson is stomata. Stomata. It means this morning. So that means this, and mutton means morning. So how would you say in French, I saw Pierre this morning. J VPN stomata. Stomata. Where did you meet this morning? What did he do this morning? I went to Sophie's house this morning for breakfast. What time did you eat this morning? 157. 71b - this afternoon: How would you say in French, what are you doing this morning? Where are they going this morning? Charles called me this morning and he asked me if I wanted to go to the cinema. Cinema. Cinema. I told psi v to finish everything this morning. Jd as Sophie, the two funnier stomata. Jd Does Sophie the two funniest stomata. So don't forget that when you have the preposition followed by an infinitive, if you have words like two, meaning everything, or too low, meaning too much, you can place it in front of the infinitive. And so literally infantry say I told Sophie to everything finished this morning, JD, Sophie, the two funnier Sumatran. But if you did say Jadi as Sophie, the funnier to smarten, you will be perfectly understood. So Samatha means this morning in French, the next phrase is setup remedy. Setup remedy up. Remedy means afternoon. So Setup Samadhi means this afternoon. So the word for this in French is usually spelled CE for masculine words. And set, spelled c, e, t, t e for feminine words. Bush in front of a masculine noun that starts with a vowel like up remedy, we use the word set, which is spelled c, e, t. So setup remedy this afternoon. How would you say in French? I'm going to France this afternoon. Zubaida fonts. 158. 71c - this evening / tonight: How would you say in French, where did they go this afternoon? Till I lay setup my midi setup remedy. So we've had Sumatran, which means this morning and set up a meeting this afternoon. Well, this is the third of the trio. Means this evening, but you can also use it to mean tonight. So how would you say in French D1 to eat here tonight? How would you say D1 to eat here this evening? So it's the same. So tonight and this evening are both SWA in French. How would you ask, where do you want to eat this evening? What are you doing tonight? Do you want to stay at mine tonight? V2. 159. 71d - this - ce / cette / cet: How would you say in French? We arrive in Paris at eight o'clock tonight. Avante. They are giving to the restaurant with us tonight. Yvonne or restaurant avec nous. It won't or has a Honda back nuisance law. So we've had Sumatran, meaning this morning. So SUA, meaning this evening and setup remedy, which means this afternoon. And I said that the reason why there is a T on the end of set in front of setup remedy is because up remedy starts with a vowel. Sounds better and you avoid any of those glottal stops. Otherwise you'll be saying up remedy, and it's a little in the middle. So to avoid that, the French say setup remedy. In fact, in front of any masculine noun starts with a vowel or the letter H. You use set, spelled CET as the word for this rather than SIR. For example, set an email sent an e-mail means this animal. Set OEM system means this man. I say only masculine nouns need a set if I start with a vowel, because if it were a feminine noun, you would always use set spelled si, e, t, t, e anyway, and this eliminates any glottal stops no matter what letter the word starts with. For example, set fee. Set v means this girl. Sets meson. Set meson means this house. Or sit on. A sit on the loop means this antelope. So how would you say in French d1, this snail and the snail infringe is scowl Gu escargot, spelled e, c, a, g, o, t, and it is a masculine noun. Xiao, Gu, Vulli, boosted escargot. So we use CET for this set in front of escargot because it is a masculine noun that starts with a vowel. So set escargot means this snail. 160. 71e - ouvrir - to open: How would you say in French, this pineapple is delicious. And the weight for pineapple in French is a funny word. It's spelled a N, a N, a S. And the reason why I say it's a funny word is because by looking at this word and applying the French pronunciation rules, you will pronounce it Ananta. So you don't pronounce the S on the end. However, you will hear quite a lot of people in France pronounce it anonymous. And so this word, you can pronounce the S on the end if you want to say the word pineapple can either be pronounced Ananta or ananas. So how would you say this pineapple is delicious? And it is a masculine noun. Said Anna, a delete, you. Sit and Anna's a delis year. How would you say, I like this ring? And the word for ring is unknown, and it's spelled a and n, e. And it is a masculine noun. And I'm not giving you all these words just randomly is because they're all masculine nouns that starts with a vowel. And we can practice the word for this. So I like this ring. And the ring was ano. Jim set anno. Gm said, NO. How does a infringe D have this scarf in yellow? And the word for scarf is a sharp. A sharp. And it spelled e with an accent, C, a of p, and is a feminine noun. And all of these words are actually in the vocabulary expansion sheets. So if you want to go and recap them, you can go and download them from the other courses. To set a sharp on John. Have a Wu city sharp on joan. So scarf is feminine, which means the word for this is set, spelled CET CTE, set a sharp this scarf. So we've had in this lesson, Sumatra, which means this morning, setup remedy, meeting this afternoon. And sois, which means this evening. Or you can also use it to mean tonight. Now let's add a new verb to this lesson. Overhear ovaries means open over here. And it's a very irregular verbs in the present tense and the past tense. So let's conjugate this wave into the present tense. Oeuvre. Is I open or I'm opening. To. To use a pen or your opening. Ill oeuvre. And l over here, pens or she opens, or he is opening and she is opening. New moveon. Noodle von. We open, we're opening. Woo. Woo. You open. Or your opening is Oocha. Oocha, they open or they're opening. And so this is an irregular verb, but if you look at it, it's an IR verb. Endings are actually the same as an OEE of endings. So it's got E on the end of the first one, ES E, o ins ed e and t x2 to Oocha. Oocha. Oocha. Oocha, Oocha, Oocha. And also notice how in the English there are two different ways to translate each one. So z oeuvre, for example, can be eye open or I'm opening. 161. 71f - ouvrir - past & present tense: We've just seen that the present tense of urea, which means to open, is an irregular conjugation and is treated more like an e. Then i of it went Oocha. Oocha, Oocha, Oocha, news, UFO, Wu Frey, and is oeuvre. And the past participle of the verb is also irregular. It's spelled LUV, ERT. So let's conjugate over here into the past tense. J means I opened or I've opened. 2a. 2a means you opened or you've opened iL and l. I mean, he opened and she opened or he has opened and she has opened news iPhone. Lutherans move air means we opened or we've opened. Whose Ave was always aware? Means you opened or you've opened and isn't there. I want to wear means they opened or they've opened. So the good thing about the past tense is that once you know the past participle, we have to do is change the auxiliary verb. So J Oocha, Oocha, Oocha, Oocha, Oocha. News. I was away where and ease onto where. So how would you say in French? I opened the door and the welfare do in French is a feminine noun, its port. So it's about PIR T0. I opened the door, j, lambda j. Well apart. How would you say referring to the door? I opened it July. July. So we add an e to the past participle because when you're talking in the past tense, never forget and you have the word for it than if it's a feminine, whether it's referring to, you have to make the past participle feminine two. So because this is referring to the door, which is a feminine noun, we make into overt by adding an E on the end. And that was, lets us know that it is a feminine noun. How would you say in French, he opened the shop early. Ela. 162. 71g - fermer - to close: How do you say in French, what time do you open? This shop opens late. The shop opens at seven o'clock. When did you open contact with Uber? So in this ASM we've had so far stomata, meaning this morning setup remedy, which means this afternoon. So SUA means this evening, go tonight. And here means to open, and the past participle of Israel was aware. So sharia means to open. Well here's the complete opposite. Frmi. Frmi. It means to close. Now, unlike the verb, fare May is completely regular in both the present tense and the past tense. So you can conjugate it as a normal year. However, will just go over it quickly to recap in case we've forgotten the conjugation rules. So here's fermi, which means to close. In the present tense. You fail. You fail. Means I close or I'm closing. To firm two film, Euclid's or your clothing. Il film and alpha mean he closes and She cleanses or he is closing and she is closing. Lu pheromone. Lu thermo means weak lows or way closing. Welfare ME. Woo Fermi means you close or your closing. And if, if they close or they're closing. So you found il film. New pheromone, welfare may. And if m, so it is a normal, regular present tense verb. So the l, l, and l, meaning they all sound the same. They sound like fair. And then new pheromone and woofer May are slightly different. 163. 71h - fermer - past & present tense: We've just seen the present tense of the verb, dare me. And I said that it was a completely regular verb in the present tense. You found two film infirm, L FEM, new pheromone, Vu Fermi and infirm. And it's also regular in the past tense. So the past participle is just fair me with an accent IVE. So in the past tense we've got J5. J4 may, meaning I closed or I've closed. To affirm me. To affirm me means you closed or you've closed. Ill Fermi and L f Fermi mean he closed and she closed, or he has closed and she has closed. Knew that Yvonne Fermi, news Avant Fermi means we closed or we've closed. Vis-a-vis Fermi. Who's Ave Fermi? You closed or you've closed is on Fermi is unfair Me. They closed or they've closed. Set as the past tense of the verb. Tell me, me, me, me, me, me, and tell me. How would you ask infringe what time do you queries or this shop closes late. Sue magazine. Cma exam. The shop closes at seven o'clock tomorrow. We're closing soon. When did you close? 164. 71i - commencer - to start: In this lesson, we've learned so far Sumatra, meaning this morning. Setup remedy, which means this afternoon. So SUA, meaning this evening or tonight. Area means to open. The past participle of overreach is aware, which means opened and then fell me means to close. Now here's your next verb for this lesson. It's a verb that's about 99% irregular in the present and past tense. Verb is common, C comma C. It means to start. And I think it looks a little bit like the verb to commence. So to commence means to begin or to start. So common say means to start. In the present tense. Common say is mostly regular. There's just one tiny little thing that it does that's different to regular verbs, but we'll get to that in a minute. So common say means to start. Your cosmos, means I start or I'm starting juke commons to commands. To commands means you stopped or your starting ill commands. And L commands. They mean He starts and she stops, or he is starting and she is starting. Now this is where the irregular bit comes in. New common song. New common song. So common song is spelled exactly as you would imagine, except the C in the middle gets us Adela, nuts, little squiggle that appears underneath it. And a C with us, Adela makes an S sound. The reason why this Adela appears is because if they weren't metadata, we would have to pronounce the common cone because a c followed by an AU is a sound just like at the start of the word common say. So if the Cinderella weren't there, would have to pronounce it new common cone. So in order to keep the sound in the middle, we put this Adela. See, so new common song. So that's the only bit that's irregular in this verb. New common song means we start with starting. Wu Como se. Vu Como se means you start or you're starting. Ill commerce. E-commerce means they start or they're starting. So that's common, say in the present tense, you commands to commands, commands, L commands, new common Sun, Wukong, Jose, and eel commands. Then in the past tense is completely regular. So the past participle is commerce, say with an accent on the IE, seven, the past tense we get j comma C, which means I started or I have started. To accumbens say to a common say means you started or you've started. Ela Common C and L, a comma say mean, he started and she started or he has started and she has started. News iPhone comes say News upon Comaneci means we started or we've started. Buddha vacancy was Ave Como se means you started or you've started and is uncommon, see, isn't common say means they started or they've started. So j common say to accommodate, say ELA Kumasi, ELA Common say Meuse-Argonne Como se, whose Ave Como se is uncommon? See, that's the past tense of the verb common. Same meaning to start. 165. 71j - commencer - past & present tense: We've seen the present tense and the past tense of the verb, common say, and I said that in the present tense is 99% regular, and in the past tense is completely irregular. So you commands to commerce in commands, Eskimos, new common song. That's where the irregularity comes in. The C in the middle gets a Della to keep the sound. And commands is the present tense, meaning, I start, you start, he starts, she starts, we start use Dart and they stopped. And then in the past tense we get j common C to a coomassie, ELA Kumasi, Ella common, say Meuse-Argonne Kumasi, vis-a-vis common CE and its own communist. Meaning, I started, you started, he started, she started. We started. You started and they started. So how would you ask him French, what time do you start? Kayla. Kayla? Uhm. And this film starts late. In the film starts at half past five. Lithium commands as anchor ADME. Did you start yesterday or this morning at you and say, yeah, I've even common say sigma. So sigma means this morning, setup. This afternoon. This evening, or tonight. Means to open. Where is opened? For me? Means to close. And common say means to start. And don't forget that if you want to say that we start in ventures, a new common song, and the middle C gets as the dealer to keep the S sound. 166. 71k - "it" as a subject pronoun: We've already learned, but you can use LU to mean it as the object of a verb. For example, G7 would re, Lamaze means I would like to eat it. And we've also learned that the word for it is, is say in French. But if you want to use it as the subject of a verb, then you can use the words ill. Or. For example, in this sentence, lithium commerce Dima, lithium common stoma. It means the film starts tomorrow. The subject of the verb is LoveFilm. The film is the thing that's doing the starting. If we want to replace the film with it in French, then you have to use the word ill. And so ill literally means he, but you can use it to mean it if it's referring to a masculine noun. So in commands, demand amongst the ma means it starts tomorrow and you're referring to a masculine noun. So in French, all nouns are either masculine or feminine. For example, the film is a masculine noun, meaning the film and love. What you do is a feminine noun meaning the car. If you want to use it as a subject of a sentence and you're referring to a feminine noun, then you have to say l, which means she literally infringe rather than saying it. You always say H0 if you're referring to a masculine noun and she, if you're referring to a feminine noun, For example, love watching. A EC, lava, TRA ISI means the car is here. But if you want to replace, love watching with it, then we say xi, which is L, L AEC. A tc means it is here when you're referring to a feminine noun, literally means she is here. So the L is translated as it In this sentence. When you ask a question using a noun infringe, There are two ways to form this. One way includes the two words for L and L In the same way that we've been using when we include a name in a question. The other way to form the question is just to invert the noun with the verb. So let's have a look at the inversion way. If we invert or switch round the noun with the verb and we get questions like this. Conquer mostly film. Commands LoveFilm, which means when does the film start? Literally when starts the film. So the inversion is because normally the film starts is LoveFilm commands lithium commerce and make it into a question. We invert LoveFilm with commands and we get commercially film, conquer mostly film. When does the film start? Another example is Como mashed love television. Como March LA television. Which means how does the TV work? Literally, how works the TV? Common mash that television. So normally, lateral visual mash means the TV works. And we switch the noun laterally Visio, with the verb mash. And we get marsh laterally VC1, Marsha television. How does the TV work? Another example is cone, maximum Cong Lu magazine. When does the shop open? So literally it means when opens the shop. So if you want to say the shop opens, infringes a loo magazine. And then we invert the noun luma exam with the verb. And we get the question, when does the shop open? 167. 71l - asking questions: So I said that there are two ways to ask questions with a noun in French. The first way we just looked at was to invert the noun with the verbs. For example, conquer mostly film. When does the film stopped? Common massless television? How does the TV work? And UFO luma exam, when does the shop open? The second way to form a question using a noun in French is to put the noun in front of the verb to hook it onto the end of the verb. So the first question was Kong commons lithium. Well, if we put the noun in front of the verb and we put it on the end because the film is a masculine noun, we get commonly feeling common steel, comb, Luthien, commons teal. And when we hook ill or L onto the end of the verb, if the verb ends in a vowel, then we have to put the little t surrounded by hyphens in between, so called graphene common steel is the second way to ask when does the film start? The second question was common Marsha television. Well, we can put the noun in front of the verb. And then because the noun in the sentence is feminine, we can hook L onto the end of the verb. Common laterally Visio, marsh tail, commonly Italy Vizio mash tail. So it still means the same thing. How does the TV work? But we've hooked L onto the end. And because mash ends in an E, we have to have that t In the middle, mashed Taylor. And the third example was Cohn who follow magazine, Cong, Lu magazine. So we can put the noun in front of the verb and we can hook on the end because it's a masculine man this time. Kanyama exam till Cong Lu magazine. Which still means when does the shop open? And you can choose whichever of the two ways you want to use either the noun with the verbs or put the noun in front of the verb and hooked ill or L onto the end of the verb. So what would be the two ways to say in French? When does the shop open? Cone, UFO Magazine or luma exam, UFA. Till. What time does the shop close? When does the train arrive? On? Time? 168. 71m - un spectacle - a show: What would be the two different ways to ask, how does the radio work? And the radio in French is LA had you como mash law, common law had you match. This next word might come in useful if you're ever stuck for something to do. Unspectacular. Unspectacular. It means a show. It looks more like the English word, a spectacle. Unspectacular, a show. So how would you say in French, the show was fantastic. Spectacular. 80, fantastic, spectacular, fantastic. The show is starting now with respect tack recommends Montana, respect tack locomotives maintenance. We have to leave now because the show is starting soon. Lanthanum, vascular spectacular, most pn to particular spectacular commerce be onto. What would be the two different ways to ask, when does the shapes dot conquer mostly spectacular, spectacular common steel. As the show started. Spectacular, achieve common say, really spectacular at incumbency. We've had so far Suma, meaning this morning setup remedy this afternoon. So SUA means this evening goal tonight is to open. And where is the past participle meaning opened? Means to close. Means to start. And unspectacular means a show. 169. 71n - un film - a film: So unspectacular was a show. But if you don't want to see a show, you can go and see one of these. And film. And film. And you can probably guess that it means a film, um, film. So how would you say keeping a mind map is a masculine noun? The film was fantastic. Lovefilm, 80 fantastic. Lithium may take fantastic. The film doesn't start until half past eight. The film is starting now. When does the film start? A film? It has the film started. Lithium. I found the film very boring. The film started 20 minutes ago. You film a common same EDR van Minuit, LoveFilm, a common say, minute. Now let me just say at this point that we have learned lots of words and phrases. So don't panic if you ever forget phases. So in this sentence we've got the word for a goal, which is Ilia. If you forgot that, well, don't worry because we let her quite a while ago and it's not been a word that we've practiced a lot. But what you can do is every time you come across a word or phrase that you think you've forgotten, use it to make up some practice sentences of your own. So if you forgot how to say a go, well, think of five or ten sentences that contain that word and then put them into French. And that way it will have you to re-install the Word into your brain. 170. 71o - dans - in: I've already mentioned how to use names in questions, but I just wanted to go over it again to make sure that it's really clear. When you were to ask a question with a name, you do the same thing that you do when you use a noun. You mentioned the name first and then also the word for he or she, which is called the pronoun, and you invert it with the verb. For example, PAF at Tiffany. Tiffany has finished Murray. Murray policy. Does Murray live here? Could P7. Cookie ever till what is pi1 and Jan, white-tailed Yvonne. Jan bottled Yvonne. Does Jan drink wine? So you use the name first in front of the verb, and then you invert the verb with the word for he or she. So how would you say in French, what time does Pierre arrive at CALEA? Pierre. Pierre. What is Maria doing? Is Alice coming tomorrow? Is Phillipe going to philip vaccine or see Phillipe? Or see. If you want to say the film starts in ten minutes. The word for in, infringe is don't, don't. So how would you say in French, the films dots in five minutes. You refill commas don't sank Minuit. Lithium commands. Don't sank Minuit. He is going to be here in two hours. Don't do a Tracey. 171. 71p - regarder - to watch: How would you say infringe the train leaves in 20 minutes. I'm going to find in two weeks, we're going to go on holiday in two days, but we're not ready. May uniform pathway. Everything is going to be ready in an hour. To Marie is leaving in five minutes. Now let us add one more verb to this lesson, which will go nicely with, um, film, a hug, a hogan day. It means to watch. Now Hogan today is another regular verb in both the present and the past tense, so there's nothing to worry about. It's a normal E verb. In the present tense we have gioco God, which means I watch or I'm watching. To haggled. You watch, or you're watching. Eel regaled and l her God, mean, he watches and she watches, or he is watching and she is watching. New Hoegaarden means we watch or wave watching. Woo, woo Oregon day. You watch or you're watching. And ill. Reagan. Era GAD means they watch or they're watching. Xian began to Reagan era, a new Haagen-Dazs. And Eva granddad. 172. 71q - regarder - past & present tense: So we've just had the present tense of her gown day, which means to watch. And it goes, GO regard to Reagan era grand elder gown, new Hogan, UGA day and illegal. And in the past tense I said it's a regular verb two, so we get j omega d, meaning I watched or I have watched J. To aggregate. To aggregate means you watched or you've watched Eli and L as Lagarde mean, he watched and she watched or he has watched and she has watched news avant-garde day lose avant-garde means we watched, or we've watched vis-a-vis yoga day, would have a Lagarde. You watched all you have watched. And exons Lagarde is own regard de means they watched or they've watched. How would you say in French? We watched a film last week and it was fantastic. And they forget that when he referring to a masculine noun, like a film, you have to refer to it as he, rather than eight. News avant-garde down feeding last min Danielle, a fantastic, a fantastic. Which film did you watch? The film at? You can feel, Ooh. I like watching TV in the evening with my family. Jim. Familiar. So don't forget that when you're saying any evening in French, you to say list1, which means the evening. Gm regard de la TLV Xian Lu SUA. I take math AMI. How would you say DOI watching TV? M2 regarding a television? Ma Wu of Guardiola television. Watch me. So don't forget that when you're using an imperative or a command and you put me with it, It hooks onto the end with a hyphen and it becomes more so in the informal and regard m1 in the formal or the plural. So in this lesson we've had Sumatran, meaning this morning, setup remedy this afternoon. So SUA, meaning this evening or tonight. To open. Where is the past participle of overreach? And it means opened. Fire me, means to close Commons C, to start unspectacular. A show. And film is a film. Down means in, when you're referring to in an amount of time, for example, is going to start in five minutes. You will say, Don't sank minute. And then a raga day means to watch, and that's a regular verb. 173. 71r - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How do you say in French, the shop opened early this morning, but it's closing at four o'clock this afternoon. Lu magazine TO Sumatra may assess setup remedy. Luma exam to Sumatran. May il film assessor setup MED. Where do you want to go tonight? Ooh, ooh, ooh. I'm leaving in five minutes. I'm going to the theater with Sophie. Non sank minute 0.5x Sophie. Sophie. The film started early. A common Safeco Field to the cinema is close tomorrow. Cinema, a family drama, live cinema, a tammy demand. So in this sentence, we've got closed used as an adjective, but we can just use the past participle of the verb to close because there may spout F, E, M, E with an accent means closed. And so we can just use tell me by itself to mean closed. Similarly we can use to mean open. And so if you want to say something is open, we can say that LA or LA is a feminine noun. Do you want to go and watch a film tonight? Virtue alley Hogan films as well. Fully whose Ali Oregon films as well. He's going to be here in ten minutes and the house is messy. In Amazon it on these on these minute, ala meson, Aidan dishonor. The show starts in two hours. Less spectacular commands don't deserve. Spectacular commands don't deserve. The train is going to leave in one minute. Theodore Xun Minuit. Bacteria don't zoom in it. What is she doing this evening? Cafe tails as well. 174. 71s - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. Where do these French sentences mean in English? Where did you go this morning? Have there been did in a tight a2 they found me. It's very late and everything is closed. At you fell apart. Did you close the dual GSEA? I tried to open it. Cinema. Cinema. I watched a very good film at the cinema yesterday. Spectacular, spectacular movie. The show wasn't bad. What are they doing this afternoon? Cinema. Cinema. What film that you watch at the cinema? Newsome Xilai alone view unspectacular. Newsrooms. I laid alone. Unspectacular. We went to London and we saw a show. 175. 71t - let's recap - English to French: What we'll do now some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How do you say in French? Is he Mr. Blom? 18. Michelle blown. Blown. Haven't we paid for everything? Novel new pad to pay. Novel, new pad to pay. This hotel is terrible. Set-up tail. Tail. Where's Murray? It's at quarter to 111 Luca. It's for sale. D1 to IPAT. Emoji sulla. Muj sulla. Ask the waiter for some more water, please. Demand or demand. The first is informal, and you use demand and CO2 play. And the second one is formal or plural. And we say do Monday and see how much is it for three nights? I'm here later. You just VDC? Vdc. 176. 71u - let's recap - French to English: And finally, let's do some French to English recap translations. What do these French sentences mean in English? In potato ampulla Tablo, PL commodity. Of ampulla tabula. Is Pierre ordering a bottle of wine for the table. Duma. Duma. Wherever you go in tomorrow. And a pub on EC bony C. It isn't good here. Excuse excuse. Excuse me. The air conditioning doesn't work. My breakfast is terrible. A patois person may measure would play. My reservation is for three people, but I would like to change it, please. Medina. Monday. Nay. My dinner is delicious. Shape PLD, man. I'm going to PS house tomorrow. Some phi z and the d, Sunni peasant problem. It's not a problem. I'm happy to help. Where do you want to eat?