3 Minute French - Course 16 | Language lessons for beginners

1. Introduction to the course: Module IV Avenue. Hello, and welcome to three-minute French course 15. In this course, we're going to be going through lessons 135 to 143 of the three-minute French theories. As always, this course is full of new vocabulary and new grammatical structures that will help you to say even more in French. There will be plenty of opportunities for you to practice everything that you're learning, as well as recapping everything that you've learned in previous lessons. I hope you enjoy this 16th course in the three-minute French theories. And just like before, the method and the layout are all the same. Don't forget the trick is to learn little, but often so that you maintain enthusiasm and get into a good habit with your French leaning. That way, you'll find everything goes in a lot more easily and more importantly, it will stay put. Happy learning, merci beaucoup. 2. 135a - Active vs Passive vocabulary: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson. How would you say in French logical? Logic? Reservation has now of acetone terrible. Daily blue. Evident. If you don't. Necessary. Necessary. Obligatory oblique Artois speciality, speciality, comprehension. Throughout the three-minute french lessons, so far, we have learned in enormous amount of vocabulary and quite a bit of grammar. You can figure out how to get your point across in lots of different situations. But the trouble is that learning French is not just about getting your point across. It's also about being able to understand what the other person is saying back to you. We've learned lots of words now and we will go on learning even more words. But there are two different ways you can learn vocabulary. Or rather, there are two different forms of vocabulary that you can learn. You have active vocabulary and passive vocabulary. Active vocabulary is what we've been learning so far. It's all the words and phrases that you know how to use yourself. And you'll know what they mean if you hear somebody else use them. Passive vocabulary or all the words that you're probably recognize if you've heard them, even if you haven't learned them yet. Passive vocabulary consists of words and phrases that look similar enough to the English equivalents that you can guess what they mean. We learned a lot of these when we learned about cognates in the last lesson. There is a really good way that you can increase your vocabulary, both active and passive. And that's through reading and analyzing texts. If you read a piece of text and learn a few words from it, it will increase your passive vocabulary, meaning. Next time you see it, you will recognize the word and know what it means. Once you've learned to Word, you'll notice that you'll see and hear it more often. The reason for this is because before you learn it, your brain subconsciously ignores it whenever it appears in your life. You don't know what it means, so there's no point trying to process it. However, as soon as you've analyzed a word, once your brain will be more aware of it, and you'll notice the word more often. Eventually, once you've seen the word and use a few times, it will move into your active vocabulary and become a word that you can use competently yourself. So what we're going to start doing is dedicate a part of each lesson to analyzing a piece of text. And we'll pick out any words or phrases that might come in useful. So at the very start of every lesson from now on, we're going to be doing a comprehension exercise. This will really help to build your vocabulary. 3. 135b - Comprehension exercise part 1: Comprehension. This lesson is text, is a comment somebody wrote in response to an article about what makes a good friend. So here it is in French and Belgian. Amnesia may egoist a savant towards you now is an example. Down here in my donate a cuddle and quite ya blue pulmonary valve. John T. To roll it on the mic booty a domain they evict me problem on emphatically Mm-hm. Shows by example knew that or homes way oaky, Newsome spots, either the police, Ella and more songs to LUMO. A tone on. Jay did have shown stuff wow, in Ptolemy, Asia will be three over cognisant. So now you've heard the text. Let's have a look at what this text means. The first part says, Mommy. Mommy or Amis. A Belgian means my best friend is called gen. We know all of the words in this first sentence. A good thing to do is to take these sorts of sentences and make our own motors out of them. We can write our very own short and motor to say what our own best friend is called. The writer of this text, right? Man-made year, I mean, in the feminine because their best friend is a woman. But we could write more major. I mean, instead, if our best friend is a man, the next sentence goes. A lesion may egoist, a swan tall Janelle is a lesion may egoist. A swan told you now is this means she is never selfish. She is often too generous. The word Xiaomi means never, and it is usually used with the little negative marker. You put the word no and E in front of it. And the word Xiaomi after a verb to say that it never happens. E.g. June of Asia May and June invasion me on buckles and never go on holiday. New genre may see. New normal, Georgia, me, see, We never eat here. Isn't a jam may SEA Server. In Azure, MySQL server. He has never tried this wine. There are a couple of Useful adjectives in that sentence to, that you will find in the vocabulary expansion section for adjectives, but we can just note them down. Now, Egoist was selfish and G&A means generous. In the sentence that we've seen in the text, she says, Janelle is because it's feminine, but in the masculine, it's Janeiro. And it means generous. 4. 135c - Comprehension exercise part 2: The next sentence goes down near the caudal and quietly permanent example. Lenny them, yeah, they can do and quite Diablo pulmonic valve. And that means e.g. last year, she gave me some incredible presence for my birthday. The e.g. part is referring to the sentence before in which she refers to Jan as being too generous. This is a good sentence to remind us of a lot of vocabulary that we've learned already. And it's also a good example of using the object pronoun move in the past tense. Donate. El Madani means she gave me. And then we let the word and cattle. And cattle, which means a present or a gift. The next sentence goes, elif high-margin t, electron domain, a domain name of acne problem. Leave him majority ala to return the makeup day. It may they have Acme problem. This means she is really kind and she always has the time to listen to me and to help me with my problems. This is a good example of the phrase meaning the time to look, don't, don't make good day. The time to listen to me and looked on domain D, the time to help me. So the word do is used in front of both of the verbs that follow Letendre, make good day a domain D. She then goes on to say on M, fair game shows. On M fairly Mm-hm. Shows. Meaning we like doing the same things. So you can see here that the word is commonly used to mean we, instead of just one. And you'll start to notice that the French do use on quite a lot. Instead of null. The next sentence goes, bad. News, adult horns way, oaky, cow, Newsome spots, either bad example, knew that the whole way. Okay. Nuisance positive. This means e.g. we loved playing hockey as we are sporty. You can see in this sentence, the construction of uj 0 plus a sport. You always have to put 0 AU in front of the sport after you use the verb. And then the word cat means as or because as an alternative to pass, go, gather some spot TV. As we are sporty or because we are sporty. 5. 135d - Comprehension exercise part 3: The next sentence goes, depletes. A LAN, credible source, the LUMO, a two tone component ensemble. The police, Ella and table sauce to do more to low tone control the ensemble. This means, furthermore, she has a very good sense of humor. And we laugh all the time when we're together. The phrase and sauce to pneumo means a sense of humor. E.g. you can say Isla and sauce to look more at tounge, ELA and science to look more. At times. He has a strange sense of humor. Then she says, only, which means we laugh. It comes from the verb. Which means to laugh is quite an irregular verb in the past and the present tense. Let's have a quick look at its conjugation. So in the present tense, which means to laugh becomes jewelry. Meaning I laugh or I'm laughing. To lay, to lay. You laugh. You're laughing eternally. Eternally. He laughed. So he's laughing. Lre, LRE. She loves, or she's laughing. He only one laughs or one's laughing. Knew nobody on. We love, or we're laughing. Whoo. You laugh, or you're laughing. Eternally. Eternally. They laugh, or they're laughing. And then LRE, LRE, they laugh, or they're laughing in the feminine. So that was the present tense and past tense. The past participle is spelt, are, I say you'll get things like Jerry, j, meaning I laughed. The interesting thing about the verb here is that in English, we say to laugh at something. But in French, you say doo. Doo means to laugh at e.g. LRE. Lre the MWA. She laughed at me. This is a good example of an idiomatic expression in French where you can't translate word for word, what it means, because if you translate it word for word, the more you will get she left of me or she laughed from me. But in French, you do use the preposition do after the verb. To say to laugh at somebody. So LRE, the more she laughed at me. 6. 135e - Comprehension exercise part 4: The last sentence of this comprehension texts is jet-lagged shows that Intel AMI, usually we three are reconnaissance. Jet-lagged shows that while Intel, ME, angel V3 over connexons, meaning I'm lucky to have such a friend. And I'm grateful to her. The expression of wow, the last Sean's means to be lucky or literally to have look. There are a few phrases that you can use that use the last Sean's, e.g. a. Vec. Vec, the electrons means with any luck. Shows the voir dire axons do means to be lucky too. And you can put any verb on the end of that. Jello shots that were telling me, jet-lagged shows that in tell ME, I'm lucky to have such a friend. The word tell in that last sentence means such. It's actually the feminine version. In the masculine, it's spelled T E L. So you can have TEFL or ten, T E L, L, E in the feminine, and it means search. The word goes in front of nouns after the indefinite article, meaning after the word or in. Whereas in English, we tend to put it in front of the words are or e.g. gymnasium may view until these are gymnasium may view until disaster. I've never seen such a disaster. In French you say, and tell disaster. But in English you say such a disaster. On the PIP idea detail shows, on the pepper. Detail shows. We can't talk about such things. Like Intel Sean's LRU intuitions. That means he had such a lucky break. The last bit says V3 over V2 and V3 over cognisant, which means I am grateful to her. Word. Louis can mean to him or to her, but we can tell it means to her in this text because the entire text is about Gen. The word Louis goes in front of verbs, e.g. as you'll read, only likely a Donate, likely. I gave the key to him or I gave the key to her. Finally, the word or hook on a slant means grateful in French. Again, a hook on nascent is the feminine version. The masculine version doesn't have an E on the end or click on a song. E.g. is just a hook on a song, which means I am grateful. So that's the first comprehension exercise done. We'll do one at the start of each lesson from now on. Have another read through of today's text and see how much of it you can remember. Write down any new vocabulary on a cue card for yourself and try to think of some sentences you could make up using the new words and phrases. Let's go through it one more time. My Media me subdivision. In the Xiaomi egoist, a superantigen example, Lenny and my donating Godot and quite ya blood cell and leave him more jaunty. A good day. Do media, they may problem. On M family member shows. By example, knew that or homes or key, cow, Newsome, spot TV, the police a lot. And Trayvon source to remove a two tone ensemble. Jay law shows that while telling me easily be three nascent. Now see if you can have a go at writing your own paragraph about your own best friend. You can use this one about gen as a structure for your own and just change some of the words to match your own needs. 7. 135f - Present tense ER verbs: Endings, endings, endings. Can you remember when we learned how to form the present tense? Let's have a quick recap. The key to the present tense was the verb endings. These are the letters that change depending on who is doing the action. And there are three sets of present tense endings. One set for E of X, one set for our reverbs, and one set for ir verbs. Let's start with E-R verbs. Step one was to remove the last two letters. Step two to add the appropriate ending. The appropriate endings where E for E, S for two. E for el0ns for new is four. And E and T for E, meaning they. So how would you say in French, I find you to move your tools. You find to tov or two-way. He finds IL-2. She finds L2. L2. We find no to one neutron. And they find prove ill tooth. Hopefully, you have remembered that little endings rhyme that we did to remember the verb endings for AR verbs, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, e, and t. Say it again and again and again until you can't get it out of your head. And then say at ten more times e, e, e, e and t. Hopefully, you know these endings already. But if you do still struggle with them, keep practicing because they will become second nature eventually. The better you know the endings, the more quickly you will be able to conjugate the verbs. One day, you will reach a point where you don't even have to think about how to conjugate the verb. It'll just come out automatically. I remember the first time that this happened to me when I was speaking to somebody in French and the verbs just flew out of my mouth. I thought it was a miracle, but in reality, it was down to my many hours of practice. Eese0nse and T. Those are the endings for E-R verbs in the present tense. 8. 135g - ER practice: How would you say in French? I speak Japan. Battle. You speak or root ballet? He speaks bowel. Bowel. She speaks L. L, L. We speak New Babylon. New Babylon. They speak. How would you say I stay? Your highest? Is your test. You stay to highest or highest day? He stays. Highest. Highest. She stays highest. We stay. New headstone, new stone. They stay highest. How would you say I try? Jessie? Jessie. You try to USC? They say yea. He tries. Let's see. Lsa. She tries LAC LSA. 9. 135h - ER practice: How would you say in French, we try new? They say, no, they say young. They try. Is SE, is essay. So that's the ER verbs don't, it's always the same. Once you removed the last two letters from the end of the verb. For Xia, you add an e. For two, you add ES for ill, or you add an e for new. You add ins. For woo, you add ease. And for e, you add E and T. E.g. UA. Ua means to play. In the present tense, we get Zhu, Zhu, and don't forget in English, there are always two ways to talk about the present tense. So it's yours. You can mean I play or I'm playing. Zhou. Zhou means you play while you're playing. If x2 is x2, he plays, he's playing. Xu. Zhu Xi plays or she is playing on Zhu Xu. One place or one's playing. New Xuan. Zhuan means we play or we're playing. Wu Wei. Wu Wei you play or you're playing. If you issue, they play or they're playing. And Zhou they play or they're playing in the feminine. And it's a good idea to write down a list of some common ER verbs. And whilst you're trying to master the present tense every day or so, what you could do is grab one of those verbs and see if you can conjugate it into the present tense. Ed could write it down or you could just say it out loud is usual to x2 is x2 and x2 or x2. New Yuan Wu Wei is you issue. The more you do it, the more familiar you become with the conjugation tables, and the easier it will be for you to conjugate verbs at the high-speed when you're in the middle of a conversation, eventually you won't even have to think about it. Just know Ngugi one is we play or jurist, I stay. Is they see. They try without even thinking. But it does take practice. 10. 135i - Present tense IR verbs: We've just done a recap of the ER verbs in the present tense. Now let's move on to the ir verbs. A general rule for conjugating an IR verb into the present tense would be step one. Remove the last two letters. Step to add the appropriate ending. The appropriate endings we're IS for Zhu, IS Fatou. It for LOL I, ss0ns or E song for new AWS. Or essay for whew. I, Douglas E and T, pronounced e4e, meaning they. How would you say in French, I choose Xunzi. Xunzi. You choose to Xunzi. Xunzi say he chooses x0, x0. She chooses XYZ. Xyz. We choose newsworthy, some newsworthy, some. They choose each one of these issues. This can you remember the IR verb endings rhyme? Is-is, IT is on ISI. Isi SIT. Its own essay is, just like before. Say it again and again and again until you can't get it out your head. And then say at ten more times, IS-IS I t is some ESA is. So how would you say in French, I finish. You Feeney? Is you finish. You finish. Too funny. Ruffini say he finishes. Epiphany. Epiphany. 11. 135j - IR practice: How would you say in French? She finishes. And funny. Funny. We finish. No funny song. No funny song. They finish. Finis. If you Nice. How would you say I put on weight? You go see. You go see. In English, I put on weight. That can be a present tense or past tense phrase, but I'm talking about the present tense here. So I put on weight, e.g. I. Put on weight whenever I eat cake. Is you go see conjure monsters. You get two. How would you say you put on weight? To glossy? Vogue or CC? He puts on weight in gold. See, even go see. She put some weight. Algo asi, en, go see. We put on weight. No glossy, some new quasi song. They put on weight. Egos. This ego says, I succeed. Here you see, you see, you succeed. To see how UCC he succeeds. In how you see it. You see she succeeds. And how you see. You see. 12. 135k - IR practice: How would you say in French, we succeed? New Haven, see some new racism. They succeed in how you Cs, Cs. So that's ir verbs in the present tense done. You always take off the last two letters and then you add IS for Zhu, IS for two, IT for l and ni0 ns or Ysom for new ISS, or EC for woo. And I Douglas E and T, pronounced for E, meaning vein. Let's look at one more verb, Meghalaya. Meghalaya means to lose weight. We take off the IR and then in the present tense we get your omega-3. Omega-3, which means I lose weight or I'm losing weight. To make a way to make you lose weight or you're losing weight. It will make it will make a hurry. He loses weight or he's losing weight. Elementary. Elementary. She loses weight or she's losing weight. Omega-3. Omega-3. One loses weight, or one is losing weight. No megaliths song, new megaliths song, we lose weight. Or losing weight. Omega is say, we'll make RSA means you lose weight or you're losing weight. Omega-3s even make a race. They lose weight or they're losing weight. And L Omega l makers, they lose weight or they're losing weight in the feminine. 13. 135l - Present tense RE verbs: Now let's have a look at the RE verbs. So a general rule for conjugating an RA verb into the present tense is step one, remove the last two letters from the verb. And step two at the appropriate ending. And the appropriate endings for our reverbs. Or you add an S to u, add an S, and L, you add nothing new. You add ins. Woo, you add and you add E and T, S, S, nothing ON S is at E and T. So how would you say in French, I lose. You bear. You lose to bear. Or Woo. He loses. It bare. Bare. She loses. Bear. Bear. We lose. Nobel. Don't know, Burnham. And they lose. If belt is bad. So the rhyme then for the endings was nothing ON S and T. S, S, Nothing OLS is E and T. Say it again and again and again until you can't get it out of your head. And then say it ten more times. S, s, nothing ON S is E and T. So how would you say in French, I wait. Jet. Jet, don't. You wait. To add thumb. Rule that on day he waits she waits. Upon a lactone. 14. 135m - RE practice: How would you say in French? We wait. Knew that, Don, don't know that. They wait. Is that bond? That bond. I sell. You've on your phone. You sell to bone. Or one day? He sells Yvonne. Yvonne. She sells Yvonne. Yvonne. We sell newborn, don't know, Vendome. They sell Yvonne. Yvonne. I hear. Xian Xian Tong. You here. Do you want on or wasn't on day? He he is Elon time. She he is a long time. A long time. We hear news Entente Dom. News Entente on. They hear is on toned. Is on toned. 15. 135n - RE practice: So that's the RE verbs in the present tense is always the same. You remove the RE from the end of the verb, and then you add S for sure. S for two. You add nothing for ill or OLS for new. Is that for woo and E and T for meaning they s, s, nothing, OLS is an ENT. E.g. dishonor means to go down. If we remove the artery from the end, we can add the endings. And we get Judas song. This song means I go down or I'm going down to the song, to this song. You go down, or you're going down. The song is the song. He goes down, or he's going down. The song. The song means she's going down or she goes down. On this song. On this song, one goes down or one is going down. New DeathZone. Don't know this on don't we go down or we're going down. Buddha's own day. This on day. You go down. You're going down. The sound. The sound means they go down, or they're going down. And L They sound. The sound means they go down, or they're going down. In the feminine. The endings are always s, s, nothing, OLS is ENT. And what you could do is get a cue card and write down those three lots of endings. The ER verb endings, e, e, e, e, e and t. The IR verb endings ISI, SIT is some, ESA is, then the RA verb endings. Nothing ON S, E, and T. And as I said earlier on each day, you can pick one verb and conjugated into the present tense until you become so familiar that you can do it without thinking. So you can e.g. pick Atlanta, which means to wait. And just in your head or out loud you can say, is that dawn to add tone, tone, tone on tone. Knew that and'm was atone Day is a toned. And doing this will really help you to get to grips with the conjugations. 16. 135o - aller, avoir, être: Irregular verbs. Don't forget that there are a few irregular verbs that don't follow the conjugation rules in the present tense. Let's just quickly go through some of the more common ones now, alle means to go. In the present tense, you get uv, uv, I go, what I'm going to Wagner, tuba. You go or you're going he goes or he's going alpha, alpha, she goes, or she's going, ANOVA. Anova, one goes or one is going. Lose alone. Lose alone. We go, or we're going, who's LA? La? You go or you're going, Yvon. They go or they're going and elbow, elbow, they go, or they're going in the feminine. You evade to Eva ANOVA news alone, who's LA, Yvonne? Yvonne. Then Ofwat means to have in the present tense we get J. J, which means I have to. You have ILA, ILA. He has ala. Ala. She has Ana. Ana. One has news iPhone, news oven. We have IV. Iv, you have is a zone is zone. They have a zone is zone. They have in the feminine J2, ala, Ala on a new Zavala who's IV, is on Islam. And then eta means to be. In the present tense we get just three. Just three, which means I am to a, to a. U are LA, LA, LA, LA. She is on a on a. One is Newsome. Newsome. We are. Visit of who? You are. Is some. Issome? They are. And Elson is some. They are in the feminine. Is just three. Ta, LA, LA on a Newsome. Who that is so awesome. 17. 135p - venir, faire, dire: Then we have the verb veneer, which means to come. In the present tense, we get uvea, you via meaning icon or I'm coming. Trivia, trivia Yukon. Or you're coming in via he comes or he's coming. Llvm. Llvm. She comes or she's coming on VR on via. One comes or one is coming. New vanilla, new Vernal. We come away coming. Woburn. Woburn a Yukon. Or you're coming. If VN VN they come or they're coming and LVN, LVN, they come, or they're coming in the feminine. You've Yan to VR is via, via, via, moving on. Moving. If Vn LVN than the verb fare means to do or to make. And in the present tense you get, as you say, is your Fe I do, I make two Fe, two Fe. You do, or you make a fe. He does, or he makes Alpha L Fe. She does, or she makes on fe. Fe. One dose or one makes new face-on, new phase zone. We do, or we make woof. Woof, bet. You do, or you make it fun. They do, or they make. And alpha, alpha, they do, or they make in the feminine. Face to face, you'll face, a face on Fe. New phagosome will fit, it'll form alpha. Then the verb dia means to say or to tell. And then the present tense it goes, Judy. Judy, I say or I tell to D, to D. You say or you tell little d, little d. He says, or he tells LD. Ld. She says, or she tells on D. On D. One says, or one tells nucleosome. Nucleosome. We say or we tell. Would it, would you say, or you tell. Elds? They say or they tell. And LDs. Lds. They say or they tell in the feminine. So it goes, Judy, Judy D, LD on d nu d zone, would eat these LDs. 18. 135q - voir, boire, conduire: The next irregular verb in the present tense is y, which means to C. It goes Zhuang Zhou of what I see or I'm seeing two Gua gua UC or you're seeing in voir if he sees and what he's seeing. Gua gua, she sees or she's seeing Anwar. Anwar. One sees, or one is seeing new Y0, new volume. We see. We're seeing YJ, xj, UC, or you're seeing in voir. If they see or they're seeing and Gua, gua, they see, they're seeing in the feminine. So it goes to y. If y is Gua, gua knew why. Viii, if we have Bois, which means to drink. The present tense that goes, you BWA, you BWA, which means I drink or I'm drinking. To BWA. To BWA means you drink or you're drinking. B1. B1 is he drinks or he's drinking? Gua, gua, she drinks or she's drinking. Armoire. On War. One drinks, or one's drinking. Newbie von, new, move on. We drink or we're drinking EBV. Ebv, you drink, or you're drinking. Your bladder. Is guava. They drink or they're drinking and edit guava. They drink, or they're drinking in the feminine. It goes, Here's your BWA to Gua, Gua, gua Anwar. New movie. Guava, a guava. And then the verb quandary. Andrea means to drive. In the present tense it goes, is you can re, EU country, I drive or I'm driving to country to country. You drive or you're driving in Kentucky? Kentucky. He drives or he's driving a country? She drives or she's driving on quandary. On quandary. One drives or one's driving. New country zone. New country zone. We drive or we're driving. We've gone busy. Week on Tuesday. You drive or your driving. Countries. Countries. They drive or they're driving. And L countries. Countries means they derive or they're driving in the feminine. So it goes as your country to country. In country. It can be on convey. New country zone will convince you can Visa. Visa. 19. 135r - prendre, comprendre, apprendre: The next irregular verb in the present tense is panda. Panda, which means to take. The present tense you get Japan. Japan, meaning I take or I'm taking two pole to pole. You take, you're taking Epo. Epo. He takes, or he's taking poem, a poem. She takes, or she's taking on Pong on pawn. One takes, or one's taking Lupino, new *****. We take, we're taking whoop, whoop, honey. You take more, you're taking in pen. Pen. They take, or they're taking and LPN. Lpn. They take, or they're taking in the feminine. So it goes to pom, pom, pom, pom Lupino, whooping, crane, a pen. Then the verb compounder means to understand compound. And it's the same as Panera, just with a COM in front of it. So we get z component is your compound. Means I understand to compound a, to compound. You understand each component. If component here understands compound, a compound, she understands On component. On component. One understands new component. New component. We understand whoo, company, will company. You understand and comprehend. They understand and comprehend. Comprehend. They understand. In the feminine. Is you compound two components. Each component, a component on component, new, comparable, company, complained, complained. And then another verb that follows the same pattern is upon time, upon her, which means to learn. So this is the same as Pamela, just with an API in front of it. So you get jab, jab home, meaning iLearn, or I'm learning to our palm. To palm. You learn or your learning. Elapse home, ylab, home. He learns, or he's learning in upon it upon. She learns, or she's learning on our poem on upon. One lens or one is learning. News app, chrono news app panel. We learn or we're learning. Was at point a. At point a, you learn or your learning is a plane. Is a plane means they learn or their learning. And their plan is a plan. They learn or their learning. So it goes, pom, pom, pom, pom on that poem, lose our panel. Who's at point a is a pin, is append. 20. 135s - dormir, partir: The next irregular verb in the present tense is dumb. Yeah, don't. Mia means to sleep. You conjugate it. Judah. Judah. I sleep while I'm sleeping to door to door. You sleep or you're sleeping? Though? He sleeps or he's sleeping. Endo elder. She sleeps or she's sleeping under under one sleeps or one sleeping. New dog. Mom knew we sleep or we're sleeping. Woot dot May Wu domain. You sleep or you're sleeping. Dom, dom. They sleep or they're sleeping. And Eldon, L dm, they sleep or they're sleeping in a feminine. So it goes, Judah, Judah in the elder on the new normal. So with the verb dormir, you might remember that we take off the MIRR for zero to L and on. But then the M returns for new Wu ill. And it belongs to a special sort of verb. And another verb in this group is bacteria. Bacteria means to leave. We take off the tee IR for Zhu to Ellen on. But then for new Wu ill and L, the T reappears. Battier means to live. In the present tense, it goes Japan. Japan, which means I leave or I'm leaving. Japan. Japan. You leave or you're leaving. He leaves, or he's leaving. L bar. L bar, she leaves. Or she's leaving. On path, on path. One leaves or ones leaving. New button, new pattern. We leave. Or when leaving Lubac de, Lubac de you leave or you're leaving it back. If they leave or they're leaving. And Elba, Elba, they leave or they're leaving in the feminine. Is there it goes. Is your bar, bar, bar, bar, bar. New pattern, Lubac de impact, impact. 21. 135t - sentir, sortir, servir: The next irregular verb is some tier, which means to feel the present tense it goes, it's just so, there's just some meaning. I feel, I'm feeling too song to song. You feel, or your feeling is sum, is sum. He feels or his feeling. As soon as some she feels, she's feeling on some on some one feels one is feeling news on Tom. Newsome tone. We feel or we're feeling some day. Some day. You feel, or your feeling is sont. If they feel or they're feeling and absent, absent they feel, or they're feeling in the feminine. So it goes just song to song, song, song, song, song, tongue moves on day is sound a sound? Then we have soft tier, which means to go out. In the present tenants. It goes is just saw. You just saw. Meaning I go out or I'm going out to so you go out or you're going out. Is he goes out or he's going out. Elsa itself, she goes out or she's giving out also. And so one goes out or one's giving out. New soft tone, new soft tone, we go out or we're going out. We've also, they will move south day. You go out. Well, you're giving out Esau. Esau. They go out or they're going out. And ersatz is soft. They go out or they're going out in the feminine. So it goes just saw Esau. Esau is on new soft tone. Rows of T is salt, is salt. And then the last one we're going to look at is salvia, which means to serve. In the present tense it goes, It's just say. You just say meaning I serve or I'm serving. To say to say you serve or you're serving. Is there. Is there he serves or he's serving. And say she serves or she's serving. On sale. One serves or one is serving. New cell phone. New cell phone. We serve or we're serving. Who sell v? Del v. You serve or you're serving is Silva. Is Silva. They serve or they're serving and sale. Sale. They serve or they're serving in the feminine. So we have two sehr, sehr, sehr, sehr new cell phone booths, LV itself as Silva. 22. 135u - Reflexive verbs: So far, we've learned to four different structures that you can form with the present tense. Number one is just the plane present tense. Number two, the negative present tense. Number three, the question present tense. And number four, the negative question, present tense. Here is an example of each of these structures. Number 12, moms, EC, two more GC. You're eating here. Number two, to pneumonia, PCC to pneumonia by Zc. You're not eating here. Number 3, mol to ISI. Isi. Are you eating here? Number four, mnemonic, stupid DC, mnemonics to possess. See, aren't you eating here? Reflexive verbs. Can you remember when we learned about reflexive verbs? Let's have a quick recap. Reflexive verbs are verbs that represent an action you're doing to yourself. Here's an example. If you say Jack payload mass, as you have been in Maui, that means I'm calling Marie. Marie. The phrase comes from the verb appellee, which means to call. So when you conjugate it normally it just means I'm calling LPS. Lps means I'm calling Pierre. Marie APA. Apa. I'm calling Marie and Pierre. However, if you change a jet to geo mapping, it now changes its meaning to, I'm cold. Literally, I call myself. This verb is now reflexive since you're calling yourself something. Jima bell Pierre, Zuma bell Pierre. I'm called Pierre is human. Bill Murray. Bill Murray. I'm called Murray. You can conjugate a reflexive verb in the same way that you would conjugate a normal verb. The only difference is that you have to put something called a reflexive pronoun in front of the verb. We've just had one reflexive pronoun in GMR, which contracts to m apostrophe in front of a vowel. You can tell the infinitive of a reflexive verb because it has a little soon SEE or an S apostrophe in it's contracted form in front of it, which means oneself. So appellee means to call. And it's reflexive form. You get scapulae. Scapulae, which means to be called literally to call oneself. 23. 135v - s'appeler & se laver: So SAP really means to be called. And in the present tense, you conjugate it. Jima. Jima, which means I'm called to tap to tap your cold. If he's called m sub l. She's called onset. One's called new News app. New news app alone. We're called woof, woof, woof, woof scapulae. Your code is sub-L. They're called and L sub n. A sub n means they're called in the feminine. The reflexive pronouns are the little words that you put in front of the verb to make it reflexive and to change the verbs meaning slightly. So we have more means. I, myself, tutor you yourself. Is he himself? So she herself. Also. One, oneself. Nu, nu, we ourselves, woo-woo, you yourselves or you yourself. Elc. They themselves. And Elsa means they themselves in feminine. So let's go through some of the more common reflexive verbs conjugated into the present tense in French. Firstly, we have Sue levee. Levee, Which means to have a wash. In the present tense, it goes zoom or love. Humor, love, meaning I'm having a wash. To, to love to, to lab. You're having a wash. Is love. Is love. He's having a wash. Insula, insula love. She's having a wash. Also love. Also love. One is having a wash. New, new, new, new level. We're having a wash. Woohoo larvae will have a, you are having a wash. Is the lava is so rather than having a wash and love install, love means they're having a wash in the feminine. 24. 135w - se lever, se rendre compte, se mettre au lit: The next common reflexive verb in French is Salovey, movie, which means to get up. In the present tense, you have Jim, Jim elev. I'm getting to, to live, to, to live. You're getting up. Easterly wave. He's getting up. Ancillary else. She's getting up. Also live also led. One is getting up lunula Yvonne, new, new Lavon. We're getting Woof, woof, woof, woof survey. You're getting is the lab, is the lab. They're getting up. And L Sullivan insulative, they're getting up in the feminine. Then we have the phrasal verb, so haunted account. So haunted count, which means to realize phrasal verb, just means that it's made up of more than one word. So in the present tense, so haunt icon is conjugated. Gmail, Hong Kong, Hong Kong. I realize to, to Hong Kong, to to Hong Kong. You realize is the Hong Kong. Hong Kong he realizes is a Hong Kong. Hong Kong. She realizes also Hong Kong. Hong Kong. One realises new, new, new, new Honda and cones. We realize woo-woo on the acorns. Wu Han De count, you realize is a Hong Kong, is a haunted cont. They realize. And L, So hunt count. So haunt can't they realize in the feminine? And then we have another phrasal verb, symmetric, only, symmetric only, which means to get into bed. In the present tense, we conjugate it is umami. Umami or Lee. I'm getting into bed. To tummy. To tummy or li you're getting into bed. Is met or LEA is mentally. He's getting into bed. And submit Ollie. Ollie, she's getting into bed. Also may only also made only ones getting into bed. New, new, new, new mid tones. Only way getting into bed will make D or E woo-woo meter early. You're getting into bed. Is the metal is met only. They're getting into bed. And L summit only estimate only they're getting into bed in the feminine. 25. 135x - s'endormir, se sentir: The next verb is some dummy, which means to fall asleep. In the present tense it goes Jim Honda. Honda, meaning I'm falling asleep. To Tonga. To Tonga. You're falling asleep. Is under is on though. He's falling asleep. As Sunda is under. She's falling asleep on cylinder. On cylinder. Once falling asleep. New news on Domo. New news on Domo. Wave falling asleep. Who's on Army was on me. You're falling asleep. Is on DM, is on dumb. They're falling asleep. And Elson dum. Dum, they're falling asleep in the feminine. Then the last reflexive verb we're going to look at is Susan tier, system tier, which means to feel. So Jim has some Jima song, means I feel or I'm feeling. The song to song. You feel, or you're feeling. It means you're feeling as in, how are you feeling, your emotions rather than you're actually feeling something with your fingers? Is the song, is a song means he feels or his feeling. It's a song. The song means she feels. She's feeling. Also song. The song One fields or one is feeling new news on tone. On tone means we feel or we're feeling. Woo-woo. Sunday. On T means you feel or you're feeling. Is the sound, is a sound they feel or they're feeling. And Elsa sound means they feel or they're feeling in the feminine. And as I said, Susana tier means to feel as in your emotional feelings. So you can ask somebody, come on, EC2 to song. Come on, let's go to two stone, which means how are you feeling? And then you can reply Zuma some young, I'm feeling fine. Or Zuma some Mila, I feel bad. Sits on tier, is talking about your feelings in terms of emotional feelings or even things like I'm feeling tired or I'm feeling wide-awake. And just in case you were wondering why the wake in French is BR, heavy beyond a heavy. 26. 135y - Reflexives in the past: Reflexive in the past. Remember that in the past tense, reflexive verbs all take eta as the auxiliary verb. Just like the verbs of movement. When you conjugate them, the reflexive pronoun has to go in front of the auxiliary verb. And because the auxiliary verb is eta, you have to make the past participle agree, but the subject, meaning you add an e if it's feminine, and S if it's plural. Here's an example. Salovey. Certainly v means to get up. In the past tense, we get Zuma sweet movie. As you miss three, lovey. I got up to date levy to tell you. You got up. Salovey. Is Salovey. He got up and say lovey, dovey. She goes hope. So you can see we've added an extra e onto the end of the past participle for this one, because the subject is feminine. On say levy on sailor v. One got up. New, new song novae, New loosen movie. We gossip. Was a woo-woo. That way you go to is only v is the only way they got up. And elses only v is the sole movie. They got up in the feminine. So we added an extra e to the end of the past participle for l, say Louvain, She goes up. Then we added an S onto the end of newness some movie because it's plural. And we've also added an S onto the end of Eleusis only V, they go soap. And finally we added an ES onto the end of else's only way they got up in the feminine because it's a feminine plural subject. Let's have a really quick recap of all the reflexive verbs we've learned so far. We've just covered the irregular ones in the present tense. There is only one irregular reflexive verb in the past tense. And that's Samantha Lee, which was to get into bed because metal becomes me MIS in the past. We've had scapulae. Scapulae, which means to be called solar V. V, to get up through larvae, the larvae to have a wash. So Honda Honda account to realize z still has to have a shave. Let's see. Siblings say, to hurt oneself, submit totally symmetrically to get into bed. Secrecy, secrecy, to have a Lie down. So Maggie, Maggie, to get married. So heavy, heavy. To wake up. Sushi, Dushanbe, to have a shower. Synonymy, synonymy, to fall asleep. So Tumpey. So Tom pay to make a mistake and system T sits on T to feel. 27. 135z1 - The Past Tense: So far, we've learned eight different structures that you can form with reflexive verbs. You can put them in the present tense. A negative present tense, question in the present tense. Negative question in the present tense. You can put them in the past tense. A negative past tense. You can form a question in the past tense, and you can make them into a negative question in the past tense. Here is an example of each of those forms. So the present tense is so love is the love means he's having a wash. The negative present tense, universal love to laugh but he isn't having a wash as a question. Still left. So left tail. Is he having a wash? As a negative question? Nestle live till necessary lacteal path. Isn't he having a wash. Then as a past tense, is Selavy. Is Selavy. He had a wash negative passed into say Palau V. Intercept Pahlavi. He didn't have a wash. As a question in the past tense. City levee. Levee. Did he have a wash. Then as a negative question in the past tense, necessitated Pahlavi. New Deal. Pahlavi. Didn't he have a wash? The past tense? Let's now do a quick recap of the past tense with normal verbs before we move on to a completely new tenants in French, how exciting the past tense in French is easy. There are two parts, j minus j, e.g. J minus J. I have eaten. It's made up of an auxiliary verb, j, meaning I have, and the past participle more j, in this case, meaning eaten. You can change the word Mozi, which is the past participle, to any past participle you like. And you change the meaning of the sentence. E.g. gym on J. Jim Jose means I have eaten J Command J Command D. I have ordered Belle-V, LV. I have reserved, or z, z. Z. I have changed. To form the past participle of any regular verb. You just change the last two letters. If the verb ends in ER, you change the ER to E with an acute accent. If the verb ends in IR, you change the IR to an eye. The verb ends in r, e. You change the RE to a U, e.g. more j means to eat. And mosaic with an e, with an accent means eaten. Funnier means to finish, and Feeney means finished. At tantra, means to wait and add-on do means weighted. Finally, you can also change the auxiliary verb to any person. So we have j. J, meaning I have to. You have ILA. Ila. He has ala. Ala, she has Pierre. Pierre. Pierre has news or news or bone. We have a voice that you have and Islam. Islam. They have. 28. 135z2 - practice in the past: How would you say in French, I have eaten GMOs. Gmos, yea. You have eaten to MOZ or was it the emoji? He has eaten Eelam on Zhi Zhe. She has eaten. And I'm on DJ. Pierre has eaten Pierre emoji. Pierre among Jay Murray has eaten emoji. Emoji. We have eaten news of all mushy and those are hormones. They have eaten. Is emoji. Emoji. I have finished. If any. If any, you have finished. You have Feeney was heavy Feeney. He has finished. Funny. Funny. 29. 135z3 - practice in the past: How would you say in French, she has finished a funny funny pianos finished Pierre Gassendi. Pierre. Marie has finished. Marie, I fini, molly I fini. We have finished homophony. Monophony. They have finished is on funny. Isn't funny. I waited. Yeah. I don't do. I don't do. You waited two out? I don't do was heavy. I told you he waited. Ila ILA had on you. She waited. I don't do a lot on do Pierre weighted? Pierre Pierre Marie weighted. Mahi, add-on you mathy add-on. Do we waited? News avant add-on, you know, Zavala, I told you they waited. Is on add-on you is on that on you. 30. 135z4 - past participle recap: You already know that there are three different types of verb in French. There are ir verbs, ER verbs, and our reverbs. And you know how each one changes in the past tense to become a past participle. Let's have a look at two or three verbs in each category and have a look at their past participles. Just to recap, we have apathy, means to bring, it has LV, is to reserve. Only a means to forget. Pounds, means to lose. Contra, means to sell, to wait. Funnier means to finish. And Swansea means to choose. See if you can put those verbs into past participles by posing this lesson, writing down the past participle of each verb and also what it could mean in English. And then press play to see if you got them right. So APA day means to bring in the past participle. We change the ER to an E with an accent and it becomes epoch t, meaning broad. Similarly, has LV means to reserve. And it has LV with an e and an accent on the end. Mean is reserved. Only a means to forget. We change the ER to an E with an accent and we get obliquely meaning forgotten. Peddler means to lose. If we change the artery to a u, we get Pell do, which means lost. Vanilla means to sell. We change the RE to review and we get a past participle, von do, which means sold. At Andhra, means to wait. The past participle is atan, new, meaning weighted. Funnier means to finish. If we change the IR tourists and I, we get Feeney, which means finished. And then schwa means to choose. And the past participle of is schwa z, meaning chosen. So let's do some practice sentences. How would you say in French, I have reserved a table. Gia has LV, gene has LV tabula. I have brought PM with me. Jay, I bought the Pierre Avik more Zhe APA APA havoc one. I have forgotten. Jay, Jay, Jay, Jay. 31. 135z5 - irregular past participles: How would you say in French? I have chosen just YZ. Z. I have finished. J. Funny, funny. I have lost the car. Jpl do love what you do, love what you. I have sold the car. Jeevan, new language you use, you have undue lava tube. Now, although most verbs in French follow the normal rules for turning a verb into the past participle. There are a few which do their own thing, and we call those verbs irregulars. So let's have a look at these irregular past participles. I'll start by giving you the six infinitives and then you can see if you can remember how to put them into past participle form. So we have y. Y, which means to drink. Fair. Fair means to do or to make. Voir. Voir means to see. Ponder. Ponder means to take up Honda. Honda is to learn. And compound. Compound means to understand. So pause this video, see if you can put those six verbs into their past participle form and also write what the English meanings would be. Then press play to see if you got them right. So why becomes boo? Boo means drunk? Fair, becomes faith. Faith, which means don't or made of y, becomes view. And view means seen. Pandora becomes play. Play, which means taken up Honda. Well, this follows the same pattern as Panera. And in the past participle you get API. Api, which means learned. And similarly, compounds takes the same pattern as Panera. And in the past participle, it becomes complete. Complete, which means Understood. 32. 135z6 - 4 forms of the past tense: How would you say in French, I have drunk. Zai Bu Gou. I have done Jiffy, Jiffy. I have seen Pierre, VPN. Vpn. I have taken JP yet play. I have learned Jay Jay API. I have understood Jacque, complete. Jacque can pray for forms of the past tense. The past tense is made up of two parts. We've had e.g. Jay, Jay, Jay, Jay, which means I have eaten. So it's made up of the auxiliary verb j, meaning I have, and the past participle more j, meaning eaten. So far, we've learned for different structures that you can form with the past tense. We've seen just the plain past tense, the negative past tense, the past tense, and the negative question past tense. Let's have an example of each of those four forms. The plane past tense would be something like ILA ballet only, elaborately only. Which means he spoke English. The negative past tense, where we just put the negative around the auxiliary verb. So we get ill Napa Valley on Glee, Napa Valley on lay. The rest of it stays the same. And that means he didn't speak English in upper bound Langley. The question past tense. Well, what we have to do is invert the auxiliary verb. So rather than saying ILA, we say a t value only. Ballet only. Did he speak English. And then we can make the negative question past tense by putting a negative around the inverted auxiliary verb. Not in Pali, only, not till Papa Leon gray, it didn't speak English. So you can see the only thing that we really have to change is the auxiliary verb. In each example. The ballet on Glee bit stays the same throughout. 33. 135z7 - être as an auxiliary verb: There are a group of verbs called the verbs of movement that we looked at when we were learning the past tense. The verbs of movement are the verbs that use the auxiliary verb eta instead of in the past tense. Remember, eta literally means to be. So here is the conjugation of eta. There's just three. Is just three means I am to a, to a. U are LA, LA, LA, LA. She is Pierre. Pierre. Pierre is Newsome. Newsome. We are. Who's that? Who that you are is so strong. They are. And Elsa. So means they are in the feminine. So you can take any of these auxiliary verbs. And then you put a verb of movement past participle on the end of it. Let's have a look at the verbs that take eta as the auxiliary verb in the past tense. Remember that we call them verbs of movement, because they all describe some sort of action where movement is involved. We have LA, which means to go, and the past participle, LA with an e, with an accent on the end, meaning gone or wind means to leave. That T means left. As a means to arrive and activate in the past participle means arrived. Veneer means to come. The new means comb or came over. Veneer means to comeback over the new means comeback or came back. Dishonor means to go down. This undo means gone down or went down. On a means to go in. And Entree as past participle means gone in or went in. Monte means to go. And the past participle, monte means gone up or went up. More here means to die. And the past participle is more, meaning died. Entree means to go back. On. The past participle means gone back or went back. Do veneer means to become. A, new, means become or became. Tom b means to fall. And the past participle Tom b means fallen or fail. Saltier means to go out. So T means gone out or went out. On a means to return. And a hot on a past participle means returned. Stay means to stay. And the past participle, stay means stayed. And finally, net means to be born. And pnea means was born. 34. 135z8 - Mrs & Dr Van Der Tramp: Do you remember that? An easy way to remember the verbs of movement was with our little friends, Dr. and Mrs. Van de Trump. Each letter stands for one of the verbs of movement. So we had the D stands for do veneer, the R stands for Avenir. Then we have Monte. Unless they saw T veneer a net. They Sandra on Hey, Hunt, Hi, Tom Bay. I've heard Tony TV, movie and bacteria. Eventually you'll remember all the verbs of movement without having to use Dr. and Mrs. Van der Trump. But for now, whilst you're memorizing them, is a good way to make sure that you have them all. Also, don't forget whenever you use one of the ethyl webs of movement in the past tense, you have to remember to agree the past participle to the subject of the verb. Because the subject can be masculine, feminine plural or feminine plural. If the subject is masculine, There's no change to the past participle. E.g. LA pack T means he left. If the subject is feminine, well, then you have to add an extra e to the end of the past participle. E.g. any path D means she has left. If the subject is plural, well, then you have to add an extra S to the end of the past participle. E.g. new stone path D means we left. And if the subject is feminine plural, but then you have to add an extra ES to the end of the past participle. E.g. is some path t means they left when the subject is feminine plural. Just note that if the subject is, well, that can be masculine or feminine. The subject too can be masculine or feminine. The subject is always feminine. The subject knew, well, that can be masculine plural or feminine plural. The subjects rule can be anything. It can be singular or plural, masculine or feminine. The subject E is always masculine plural. And the subject is always feminine plural. But also just keep in mind that all of these additions to the ends of past participles are only really necessary in the written language and spoken language. You can't even hear them. Don't have to worry about them at all. 35. 135z9 - Two past tenses: Now that we've recapped the tenses that we've learned so far. I think we're ready to learn a brand new one. The past tense. Wait, I hear you scream. We've already done the past tense. Well, in French, there are actually two past tenses. So far, we've done the gym or J past tense, which is actually called the present perfect tense. In the present perfect tense, GMOs Zhe can mean I've eaten or I ate. French's second past tense is called the imperfect tense. The imperfect tense is the tense that in English is, I was eating or I was driving. It always has, was. In, in English. We've got the present perfect tense, which means I've eaten or eight. And now we're going to look at the imperfect tense, which means I was eating in English. Let's have a look at a few English verbs in both tensors so that you can become familiar with what this tense is in English before we tried to tackle it in French. So here is a table that contains some present perfect tense verbs and some imperfect tense verbs. And we'll compare the two. We've already had. I have eaten, or I ate in the present perfect. And then the imperfect that becomes, I was eating. I have driven, I drove, I was driving. I have sung or I sang. I was thinking I have written or I wrote. I was writing. So you can see that all the imperfect tense verbs end in ink. I was in. I have spoken, I spoke with an imperfect tense. It is I was speaking in the present perfect tense. You have, I have worked where I worked in the imperfect. It is I was working. I have lived or I lived. I was living. I have drunk, I drink. I was drinking. In the present perfect tense. We have, I have run or Iran. In the imperfect tense we have I was running. So that's the difference between the present perfect tense and the imperfect tense. In English, the present perfect tense always has I have done something or I did something. Whereas the imperfect tense is always I was doing something. So now we know what it is in English. We can move on to learn it in French. 36. 135z10 - Imperfect tense French examples: The imperfect tense. So we've seen what the imperfect tense is in English. It's the tents where you say, I was ink. Now I'm going to show you a few examples of the imperfect tense in French, just so that you can see what it looks like before we start to tackle it. In English, I was speaking, becomes Japan lay in French. Took ballet. I was thinking, is you Shaun T? Is just Shaun T. I was writing jQuery. Jquery way. I was eating GMOs Zhe Xie Zhi. I was leaving. Is your birthday. Your birthday. I was going jelly. Jelly. I was doing is you're fuzzy. Fuzzy. I was working. It should have a yay. Yay. I was drinking. Your movie. Movie. Have you noticed that all the endings for the imperfect tense in French and in the letters, HIS. Well, all verbs in the imperfect tense when you conjugate them for Zhu will end in the letters HIS. Just like when we learned the present tense, the imperfect tense has its own set of endings. The good thing is, unlike the present tense, there is only one set of endings for all verbs. And there is only one irregular verb. Yes, just one. So the ending for Zhu is AIS, as we've seen. Let's have a look at the other endings. I'll take the verb badly. Badly means to speak, and I'll conjugate it into the imperfect tense so that you can see all the endings in use. Then we'll go over them on their own. So we have Japan lay Japan. I was speaking too badly. Too badly. You were speaking it ballet. Ballet. He was speaking. Ballet. Ballet. She was speaking on ballet. Ballet. One was speaking new badly on new pattern, Leon. We were speaking badly. Badly. You were speaking badly. Badly. They were speaking. And L ballet. Ballet means they were speaking in the feminine. So that's the verb ballet conjugated into the imperfect tense in French. 37. 135z11 - Forming the imperfect tense: Let's have a look at how to form the imperfect tense in French. Step one is to take the new form of the verb in the present tense and remove the 0 S from the end. Step two is to add the appropriate ending. E.g. margin. Margin is the new form of the verb in the present tense. For more j, if we take off the aux ins and add AIS, we get more j mod j, which means was eating. Has that alone, has the whole bone, is the new form of the verb, has LV. We remove the O&M and we add AIS. And we get v. F has LV, which means was reserving. All we have to do is put a zero in front of it. There's your has LV. And that means I was receiving finished soon. Finished song is the new form of the verb. In the present tense. We remove the OLS and add AIS and we get finished. Finish, say No, we have to do is put in front. And G. Feeney say, means I was finishing. So we have to do is take the new form of any present tense verb, remove the OS and then add the ending that you want. For Zhu. You add AIS for two. You add AIS for ill or you add AIT. For new. You add ins. For woo, you add i, e, z. And for E, meaning they, you add a ENT. Let's pick a random verb and see if you can conjugate it fully into the imperfect tense. I pick Battier bacteria. So how would you say in French, I was leaving? So think what is to leave in the present tense for null. Then remove the OS from the end, and then you can add the appropriate ending. So how would you say I was leaving you back there? You should back day. You were leaving to back de Lubac. De Lubac de he was leaving. Good day. Bad day. She was leaving a bad day. 38. 135z12 - Why "nous"?: How would you say in French we believing new bacterium, new bacterium. They were leaving epoch day that day. So the steps to forming the imperfect tense where step one, take the new form of the verb in the present tense and remove the O&M step to the appropriate ending. But why noon? You may be wondering why I said that the first step for the imperfect tense is to take the new form of the verb in the present tense. Wouldn't it just be easier to remove the ER, IR, or RE from the infinitive. Well, yes and no. Firstly, with a lot of E-R verbs, yes, simply removing the last two letters would work. However, by taking the new form of the verb instead of removing the last two letters of the end of the infinitive, it enables us to reduce the imperfect tense to just one set of endings rather than three. And it also means that there is only one irregular verb, which we shall discover in a moment. Let me show you why. The verb funnier. Funnier means to finish. If we were to remove the last two letters from the infinitive and at the AIS. For the imperfect, we'd get Feeney spout FIN, AIS, which isn't a word in French. The actual imperfect conjugation of funnier for AI is, as you finish say, you finish say, which means I was finishing. So if you look at the new form of the present tense of funnier, you'll find funny song spelled FIN, I double s, 0 ns with the double S already there. You then simply remove the OLS from the end and add whichever ending you like. So as you finish, say was I was finishing to Feeney, say Tiffany say you were finishing. If he say he say he was finishing infinite, say elfin is say, she was finishing unfinished. Unfinished. Say one was finishing. New, finished Serum. New funny theorem. We were finishing Ruffini ca, ca, you were finishing infinity. Infinity, say they were finishing. And L funny, say, Finish, say they were finishing in the feminine. The reason why you pick the new form of any verb in the present tense and then remove the ins in order to get the imperfect stem is because the new form will contain all the extra letters that you might need for the imperfect tense, e.g. this double S for thin year. 39. 135z13 - Imperfect endings: To remember the endings for the imperfect tense, you can make a little rhyme again. We have AIS, AIS, AIT ins i is a ENT, AIS, AIS AIT ins i, e, e, and t. So you simply remove the OLS from the new form of the present tense and then you can add those endings. So the AIS is for Zhu, AIS for two, AIT for ill or ins for new AI is that for vous? Ai ENT, for e. Let's have a look at the verb, which means to play. In the imperfect tense. We get Zhou Wei is usually way. I was playing away too. You were playing. Easy way is the way he was playing. Enjoy. Every way. She was playing. Andre. Andre one was playing. New. Julio knew we were playing with Hou Zui a visual way. You were playing. Evaluate. If zwei they were playing and they were playing in the feminine. So how would you say in French, I was going jelly. Jelly. How would you say you were going to LA? To LA or LA? Was LEA. How would you say he was going? She was going Ollie. Ollie. Pierre was going Pierre. Pierre Holly, Marie was going. Maddie. Maddie, Ali. 40. 135z14 - the one irregular: How would you say in French? We were going knew that young knew that they were going easily, easily. Now, I promised you an irregular verb, and here it is. The verb eta. Eta, which means to be, in French, is the one irregular verb in the imperfect tense. And this is only because the new form of eta in the present tense is Newsome. So there is no 0ns on the end. So here's the conjugation of eta in the imperfect tense. Good day means I was. To add a day to a day. You were elite day. He led day. He was LED L a day. She was on a day to day. One was knew they knew that we were wounded. Da da. You were is a Day is a day. They were and exit the LSAT. They were in the feminine. So you'll notice that eta isn't really that irregular. The endings are the same as all the other imperfect tense verbs. It's just because the stem comes from a different place rather than the new form of the present tense. Now, in the imperfect tense, the verbs always have the meaning was or were, ink. However, with our little irregular friend, eta, this can have two meanings. So you've seen jet, they can mean I was, but it can also mean I was being so here's yet they can mean I was or I was being too they can mean you were or you were being Electric. He was or he was being she was or she was being on a day. One word or one was being knew that we were or we were being a TA you are or you are being is that they they were or they were being and exit day. They were, or they were being in the feminine. So that's the only irregular verb in the imperfect tense. 41. 135z15 - infinitive carriers: How would you say in French, the film was fantastic. Lithium is a fantastic lithium metal. Fantastic. Pierre was being stupid. It is to be the Pierre at this stupid. I was here yesterday. Gtac. Gtac, yeah. Everybody was being so nice to demand. It is the sample to the Mt SAC Santa Maria wasn't there. Maggie. Maggie needed pallor. They were being horrible. Is it they are Hebrew, is that they are blue. Now, do you remember when we learned about structure three? And I introduced you to the infinitive carriers in the past tense. I said that they had their own special way of going into the past, and this was actually the imperfect tense. You see all infinitive carriers go into the past tense by using the imperfect tense rather than the present perfect tense. To understand the reason why you have to go into the differences between the present perfect and the imperfect tense is a little bit more. We know the main difference between the present perfect tense and the imperfect tense, e.g. in the present perfect tense, you will say I ate or GMOs Zhe. In the imperfect tense, you would say I was eating or Jumana j. If you delve a little further into these two tensors, you'll see that the present perfect tense talks about a single moment in the past, I ate, whereas the imperfect tense talks about a more elongated moment I was eating. If you put them together, it can help to make this concept a little clearer. Let's look at this sentence which contains the imperfect tense first and the present perfect tense second. Because you forgot data, TVM come very rapidly. Yoga laterally, Vizio comma Lima, happily. I was watching TV when Marie called me. If you imagine that the imperfect tense sets the scene of what was happening. I was watching TV. The present perfect tense then interrupts the imperfect tense with a one-off action. Marie called me. The action of watching TV was an elongated action that started happening before the sentence even began, and it was interrupted by a single moment in time. So the imperfect tense sets the scene. Present perfect tense is a single moment in time that interrupts the imperfect tense. If you look at the infinitive carriers, they're more setting the scene type of herbs that talk about elongated actions rather than single moment in time verbs, e.g. uvula, uvula, flash. I wanted to go to the beach. When you want something or want to do something, you tend not to want it for just a short moment in time. It's more of an elongated action of wanting. But anyway, basically, the main infinitive carriers are almost always used in the imperfect tense whenever you use them in the past. We've had so far is uvula. Uvula, which means I wanted, you prove, you prove a meaning. I could have babies wonder, which one do I need it to? Jelly. Jelly. I was going to and should do they do they. I had to. So you'll recognize the AIS on the end of all of those verbs. And that's because they're all in the imperfect tense. 42. 135z16 - imperfect practice: We now know how to form the imperfect tense in French. Step one is to take the new form of the verb in the present tense and remove the OLS from the end. And step two is to add the appropriate endings. E.g. new funny song. No funny song means we finish in the present tense. If we take funny song and remove the OLS, we can then add the endings to that and form things like, as you finish, say, you finish, say I was finishing. So how would you say in French? I was eating your Mozi. You more, Jay. They were leaving it back day. Each day. We were talking new badly on new paleo. You will losing two bound. To bound the bound the a would be on the PA, wanted to leave pierre, relate back to here. Pierre Boulez, Patty Murray was waiting for Pierre. Map add-on. They Pierre. Marie add-on they Pierre. We were watching the television. New Hogan, laterality, Xian. Xian. Xian. I was speaking with Marie. You battle it. I think Maggie is your ballet. I think Marie. 43. 135z17 - imperfect practice: How would you say in French? They were leaving it back day. In packed day. You were waiting here to add on day ISI or vu that on the ISI. I was listening to the radio. Dj could tailor hand you had you he was reading a book and leave her. And leave her. They were putting something there. It may take a la la. I was playing tennis. Shoes you wear or Denise, use your weight within ECE? She was eating a question. Um, question. On question. She was drinking some wine. David Duvall. Do van. We were preparing dinner. No pepper. A new prep ion leucine. He was doing something in physic anchor shows, ill fuzzy get-go shows. 44. 135z18 - imperfect practice: How would you say in French you were here yesterday. You a date with a DAC? Yeah. You were saying something today. Zika occur shoes. Shoes. I was going on holiday. Jelly on vacuums. Usually on the icons. You were traveling with your family to via J of X, Y, or Z. I think multifamily. They were driving. It can be the current busy. We were buying something at the supermarket. News actually tian can cause shows or Superman. She knows actually tian can be shoes. Oh, Superman. He was looking for the keys. You shall surely CLI shell shape. Luckily, she was finishing the work. Cell it have I finished yet? Have I? 45. 135z19 - let's practise - English to French: It's time now for us to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in French? They were going abroad? Is LA a liturgy? Is LA electron g. We wanted to visit the Eiffel Tower. New volume V detail at all. He failed new Julio visit the latter, he fell. She was making something for me. Vesicle could show sperm. One shows Palmer. I think they were speaking Spanish. You pause, get ballet espanol. Is you pause, keep ballet Espanol. I was wondering where you were going to do Monday to LA. As you Monday, Monday. They were coming with us. Even a even a Avik knew he was giving the key to his sister. Donate likely assessed to donate likely, as I say, I was eating a pizza and Murray was eating a hot dog. You more j in pizza. A Marie Mozi, adult dog. Emoji in pizza, Emma, Hey, Mozi and a dog. They were putting the suitcase in the room. May still have Elisa, don't I show him or her in Metella valleys? Don't I show him? They said that they were taking it with them. He's on the California is on gatekeeper dynamic. 46. 135z20 - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What do these French sentences mean in English? You back day is your birthday. I was leaving lithium, come on, say lithium, come on, say the film was starting. Knew that on you also see that on your own, Sophie EC We were waiting here for Sophie or we were waiting for Syfy here. I place on pair may enable dynamism. Elaborately. Some pair may indeed the basil Amazon. She was calling her dad, but he wasn't at home. Is Abby electron J on a span you is EBITDA electron J on a span, knew they were living abroad in Spain. Is your strategy, say DuVal, who just as he said UVA. I was choosing some wine. Damper to the Zake Edgar shows dump of tone. You were saying something important news. I knew that Leone last day, we were going to buy it. She was doing everything. Hollywood cinema. Cinema. They wanted to go to the cinema. 47. 135z21 - let's recap - English to French: Now let's do some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases we learned in previous lessons. How do you say in French? It isn't far. It's just over their Sunni bad one says use the lava. Lava. Have you spoken with Marie yet? At you Deja vu, Deja perihelia, Vic Murray. I would like some sunglasses. You've pulled the lunate distally. You would read the lunate, the Solvay. Have they washed the car today? On T. Levy love Y2. How should we until Avila, what should we have? They had the car wash today. Until filler villa, what you should be on till Philip IV love Y2. I couldn't go last year because I didn't have any money. And Aiden yeah. But exclusionary pat down, Juniper weight, Plaza de la Nina, Amir Basque region IV, pat downs room. I'm going to try and get there early. You visit say J deactivate to you versus HA, DR. Tv2. So in English we say, I'm going to try and get there. But in French you can say I'm going to try to arrive there. Gervais SHA REV, so the E is there, DIV2 to arrive there early or to get there early? How would you say, Do you like it here? M20. See let me see. We would like to pay the bill now. New rudely on peggy lead is still mountain on nutrient. That is still want to know. Who did the cooking this morning. The food was delicious. Key, I feel like cuisine, so my tongue let no way to edit their issues. Key, I feel like cuisines dermatome then okay, to use. 48. 135z22 - let's recap - French to English: Now let's do some French to English recap translations. What are these friends sentences mean in English? Is, you know, say past to give. You shouldn't say Pascal video. I don't know what she means. We'll have bibliotheque way. Let bibliotheque whereas the library noon 11. No, we didn't teach it or we haven't eaten. It. Comes to Federalists were kept you fair? Wristwatch. What do you like to do in the evening? You Pergamon day, you in pizza, see Buddha, be fun. You pick on Monday in pathos, he was a big fan. I can order a pizza if you're hungry. Season private money. Kelly says on preferably Delaney, what is your favorite season of the year? With tail SHA SHA Louvain? Does she wanted to try the wine. You vapour into. And Dave, vertical grid shows you made continent, they get their shoes. I'm going to have a T. Do you want anything in your pattern or your emoji basket to a cogently in your pattern or hit your emoji. That's good to eat constantly. There isn't any food to eat because everything is frozen. You and to say Pat, seen Mountain Dew, you wanna say pass in Mountain Dew? I don't know if he heard me. 49. 136a - Comprehension exercise part 1: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we were learning in the last lesson. So in the last lesson, we were looking at the imperfect tense. How would you say in French? I was eating GMOs, Zhe. You were doing to fuzzy or Rufus? He was going allele. She was drinking, LBJ. We were speaking new pantheon. They were playing. Easy way. Comprehension. This lesson's text is a message from a girl called LOE, who is talking about her ideal house. She says, My Mason, ie they are blue weekend Danny, you speedily are gone. No, blue. Don't know. The left hands. She didn't copy and Francaise semi zones, amazon, Elastic, Sharma. Sharma seldom been shamed in the act, could do sell their bumper to telephone me, depletes the Shambaugh on June view and quiet blue. So Lamont, Tanya or Hindu show see Ilia, England cuisine, modern, un-solo, uncomfortable. May I CPT. Also soil in cinema? We'll move on. Quick idea. I'm feeling emoji book could popcorn preschool. Yeah, we'll see you in machine. A popcorn. The dollar random, India. Noonan, Newsome per Benny can visit tough one. May. Nucleosomes are, sees. Jackie z set the Weimar whole axon. Just pair because you pour, Hey, Tony, Shay, mock-up Indian to LOD. Let's have a look at what this text means. So the first part just says mummy. Mummy zone, which means my ideal house or my perfect house. The word is spelled IID, E a L, or with an e on the end in the feminine, can be translated either as ideal or perfect. The first sentence goes, Louis CK, end down here. Just recently, I go No, don't loose your desk. Draft horse. Shea in combine font says, we know all of the words in this first sentence, but just make note of the agreements of the past participles and adjectives. Since LOD is a girl, she writes just recently with an e on the end of the past participle, LA. And this means I went. So if she were a boy, she could use visa without the extra ie. This is the same for Francaise. In copying Francaise, which means a French friend. The word capuchin means a female friend. So LOD uses the feminine Francaise with an extra e on the end rather than fancy. So she says, the weekend, you speedily and go normally, don't love students to laugh Holmes, she Inca pin Francaise. Last weekend, I went to Grenoble in the southeast of France to a French friend's house. 50. 136b - Comprehension exercise part 2: The next sentence in the text goes, sum is on a mummies, don't know him. Some meson, a mummy zone. A less than norm. Meaning her house is my ideal house. It is enormous. This is another simple sentence, or rather two sentences, but just note the usage of the word for it. Since she's talking about the meson being enormous, she uses the word L for it because meson is a feminine noun. She's literally saying she is enormous, meaning the house is enormous. She then goes on to say ileus. See shampoo is shown in cell demand. A shack shown in cell division. There are six bedrooms and each bedroom has a bathroom. We already know the word Sharmila as room or bedroom, but inside davon might be a new word for you. It means bathroom. And the word ban on the end can be spelled in two different ways. It can be spelled with an S or without an S. Inside the van means a bathroom. Or you can say inside the bone with an S on the end of bone. And that also means bathroom. Don't forget the word shack means each. And LOD. She says shack, shown, meaning each bedroom or check. Each bedroom has. She then says, chamois in the act could do cell do mount both to telephone me. Shame what I could do cell do Banco de la familia. At my house, there are only two bathrooms for the whole family. So jealous, LOD uses the phrase ashamed to mean at my house. And then she uses the new negative phrase we learned not too long ago. No. Remember that when you use look good, it means only. So she says uni-axial. There are only and you put the word in front of any verb. And the word curve after the verb. E.g. is, you know, qn elongate. Elongate on Jeff. I only speak one foreign language. Eniac qn would pay the van. In the acute, rotate the van. There is only one bottle of wine. New novel could do some fun. New novel could do some fun. We only have two children. The word note comes in front of the verb, like battle, and then curve comes after Juno pile. I only speak. And then you can say what it is that you only do only have eniac qn would take the van. There is only one bottle of wine. New novel anchor. We only have one phone to children. So that means only. 51. 136c - Comprehension exercise part 3: So we've just heard LOD say, shame what I could do cell division, particular familiar meaning at my house, there are only two bathrooms for the whole family. To telephone me. Means for the whole family, or literally for all the family. But to La Familia, you can put two or two Tesla in front of any noun to say the whole of something, e.g. to launder please. Please means the whole company to omega. Two. Omega. This means the whole hamburger. To look at TA, to look at the whole neighborhood. She then goes on to say, depletes the shampoo on tune view and quite Yarbus to hold a mountain. You depletes the Shambhala onto the view and quite ableist Hamiltonian. Which means furthermore, most of the bedrooms have an incredible view of the mountain. You might remember that we said in the last comprehension exercise that we did in the last lesson when the girl wrote the police, Ella and Trayvon sauce, the LUMO, meaning furthermore, she has a very good sense of humor. So the police means furthermore. Lod then goes on to say lap blue path. They show MBA, meaning most of the bedrooms. So the phrase lap blue bar means most of or the majority of in French. E.g. light blue path, the font say M live homage, lab, pupa. They font say M MLA format. This means most French people, like G's Lab, blue bar, dummies, I need M loose bar, loop. The mesa me, Emily SPO. Most of my friends, like sport, lap, blue bar, they don't play. They don't play. Most of the employees. Finally, when you want to say a view of infringe, you have to say literally a view over which is why she says in view, sue e.g. in view still applies. In view. A view of the beach or literally a view over the beach. In view still lack companion. In Vue CLI Campania. A view of the countryside. In view. Only Montagnier in view, certainly more than you. A view of the mountains. 52. 136d - Comprehension exercise part 4: The next sentence in this comprehension texts goes, or hadrosaurs see iliac, England cuisine, modern, salon, comfort tabular. May I see pity? Oh hey the show see England cuisine, modern salon comfort tablet, may or CPT. This means on the ground floor, there is a large, modern kitchen and uncomfortable, but quite small living room. We've learned all the vocabulary from this sentence before in the three-minute fringe theories. So there's not much to say here except congratulations on knowing so much French. Lod then goes on to say soap on them. Also. On cinema. Who knows? I've only got the, I'm feeling emoji book could popcorn, whiskey they always see in machine a popcorn. So Pantone, solid. Ilia and cinema. Today I'm feeling emoji beaucoup, the popcorn, whiskey Leah, OC in machine a popcorn. This means, however, in the basement there is a cinema where we watched a film and ate lots of popcorn, since there is also a popcorn machine. The word Frisco means since in the sense of because e.g. you may live, please go to Lamont epoch t. You prefer male about tie with good to them on the path t. This means I can close the gate since everybody has left a proper halo DNA, please go to LTP. You Bei PayPal elite in a preschool to FQP. This means I'm going to prepare dinner since you are busy. So Prisca means since in a sense of because. Lod then says, though, don't lose yada Ilia in the non-agenda. In this scene. Outside in the garden, there is a pool. So that's another fairly simple sentence for us to understand. Then we have new news on pub many HOPWA may nucleosomes, ICs don't know Jackie z set the foramen ovale axon. New Newsome. A tough one. May nuisance I see is knowledge accuracy. Say Dave him oval axon. We didn't go swimming because it was too cold, but we sat in a jacuzzi. It was really relaxing. This sentence gives us a couple of new reflexive verbs which are quite useful. Means to have a bath and Gua. Gua means to sit down. But soon you can also have another meaning. It can also mean to go swimming. Sub-n, You can mean to go swimming or to have a bath. And they're both reflexive verbs. So that's why LOD uses the verb Etta when they're using the past tense. So no-no. So many. New Newsome Benny means we had a bath or we went swimming. Nucleosomes, I see new loosens or C means we sat down. In the present tense. You could say things like, You must see EC. You must see EC. I'll sit here. I say given as evil means sit down. 53. 136e - Comprehension exercise part 5: The last sentence LOD says, is just spare because you put a hot on a Shama coping tool. You just spare because you put a hot on a shaman copy and began to meaning, I hope I will be able to return to my friend's house soon. This last sentence uses Jupiter, hey, this is an example of the future tense in French. We haven't looked at this yet, but we will be learning it soon. For now. Just know that it means I will be able to. Let's have another quick look at that text. And this time, as you listen to me read it, see if you can work out what it means in English. Mommy is on. Louis can just easily and go no blue. Don't let students do laugh homes. In copying Francaise. Sum is on a mummies on EDR. A latent know Homer. See sharper and sharper. I installed around. Shame. Why in the UK? Good Dusseldorf bumper to tell FMEA, the police. They Shambaugh onto interview and quite ableist to allow Montagnier or hadrosaur see Ilia, England cuisine, modern and salon comfort tablet, may I say p. T. Also saw Ilia and cinema and film. A mosaic book. Could popcorn preschool EOC in machine up of Khan. The non-agenda iliac spine. New, new, new car. A tougher may nucleosomes, ICs, don't know jack is z, say Dave Remo, whole axon. Just spare because you put a hot on Nashima copy India to LOD. Let's look a bit more now at the imperfect tense in French in this lesson, the negative imperfect. Forming the imperfect tense consisted of two rules. Step one was to take the new form of the verb in the present tense and remove the OLS from the end. Step two was to add the appropriate ending. E.g. new funny song means we finish. That's the present tense. And then in the imperfect tense we get, you finish. You finish say, which means I was finishing. Making the imperfect tense. Negative is easy. You simply put the word no in front of the verb and the word path after the verb. E.g. ballet. Ballet means I was speaking. Juniper labor. Labor. I wasn't speaking. L parte de means she was leaving the path deeper and deeper. She wasn't leaving. 54. 136f - The negative imperfect: How would you say in French? I wasn't going to France. Generic pass on phones. Janelle, a pattern fonts. They weren't eating in the marzipan, in the mosaic part. Pa, wasn't being stupid. The past Jupiter, Pierre knit the opacity bead. I wasn't eating. You know, they weren't leaving in the bathtub bar. Even know about taper. We weren't talking new, new faculty on par, new Napoleon, but you weren't losing. During the battle deeper. Nopat the AICPA. Pierre didn't want to leave. Pierre. Pierre, Nora Ali Baba tier. Marie wasn't waiting for Pierre Martin upon the Papi air Meli, not on the Papua. We weren't watching the television. New, navigate your own path and identity. Xian, Nunavik and laterally vision. 55. 136g - Negative imperfect practice: How would you say in French? I wasn't speaking with Marie. You know, ballet bar Vic Murray just barely passed the Vic Murray. They weren't leaving In the bathtub, but even a Bathsheba. You weren't waiting here. Do not own the past ISI. Wound that on the APC C. I wasn't listening to the radio. Unicode. Unicode they had you. He wasn't reading a book in a pattern lever. In the lazy person lever. I wasn't playing golf. June as you wait, basil golf. You're underweight, puzzle golf. She wasn't eating a question in the morning. Jay pass I'm question in the Monty Python question. She wasn't drinking any wine. N will be the bad van. Beethoven. We went preparing dinner. No new pipe. Ion Paladin, a new Napoleon Paladin, a 56. 136h - Negative imperfect practice: How would you say in French he wasn't doing anything. In the food area, in the fuzzy area. You weren't here yesterday? Yeah. Yeah. He wasn't saying anything. In the DC area. In the DC area. I wasn't going on holiday. You Nellie pass on backbones. Originally passed on by cones. You weren't traveling with your family. Do you know why as you pass effect FMI Wu Nevada J. Passivate both her family. They weren't driving in the cone visit bar, in the condensate bar. We weren't at the supermarket. Noon that John puzzle, super mouseY, new natrium puzzle, Superman. She, she wasn't finishing the work. Finished a pellet have finished a Padlet, have I 57. 136i - Questions in the imperfect tense: Questions in the imperfect tense. Let's have a look at how to make the imperfect tense into a question. It's even easier than turning it negative. We have to do is take a normal imperfect tense phrase and then flip the verb around with the subject pronoun, e.g. ballet. Ballet means he was speaking. You have the subject pronoun, meaning he, then the verb badly, which means we're speaking. We flip them around and join them together with a hyphen palatal. Palatal. Was he speaking? Another example would be L, bath day, a bad day. She was leaving. If we flip them around and put a hyphen in the middle path detail. But they did. Was she leaving? So how would you say in French? Were they going to France? Alitalia fonts, elitism of homes. Were they eating? Module? Was Pierre being stupid? Stupid, stupid. What were you eating? Good morning. Good morning. What time with a leaving at Keller? I Kayla back there till when were they talking? Compatibility. Compatibility. Why did p I want to leave quite volatile bacteria. But quite volatile path here. 58. 136j - Imperfect tense question practice: How would you say in French, was Marie waiting for Pierre? Marie. They tell Pierre Marie add-on. They tell Pierre. Was he watching the television? I forgot the til laterally Vizio. Either laterally, the CEO who was speaking with Marie, keep ballet, a Vic Murray, key pattern layer Vic Murray. Whom was Marie speaking with? A key Mallory palette. I have a key Mallory palatal. Why were they leaving? Aqua backdating. When you listening to the radio? Equity equity ruler, had you was he reading a book? And liver. And liver. Were you playing golf? You wait to ogle UVA, who are golf? 59. 136k - Imperfect tense question practice: How would you say in French, washy eating a croissant, modulated and Carson multi-tenant question. Was he drinking wine? Divine, be vital new van with a preparing dinner. Leucine. Leucine. What was he doing? Cafe is a til Thursday till you hear yesterday. Did you see yeah. Dave, we see, yeah. Was he saying something? Does a typical shows a typical car shows. When were you getting on holiday? Homes? Quantity of icons. When you traveling with your family? Why has yet to advect a funny why? They put me with a driving. Couldn't visit teen. Why was he at the supermarket? Edited all super mouseY but quietly till 0, Superman, she was she finishing the work? Finished. It finished. 60. 136l - Negative questions in the imperfect tense: Finally, let's have a look at how to form negative questions in the imperfect tense. Once you've created an imperfect question, or we have to do is turn it negative, is put the word no in front of the verb and the word path after the subject pronoun. E.g. palatine. Paladin means was he speaking? Well, we can turn it negative. We say no palatal palatal path. So we put in front of the verb and the straight after the subject pronoun. And that means, wasn't he speaking? Or another example. That n means washy leaving. No back that L bar delta means wasn't she leaving? So how would you say in French? Weren't they go into France? Now, little pads on false narrative, pass on phones. When they eating. Pneumonia. Pneumonia, Teale. Wasn't PA here. Pierre, nicotine. Nicotine, buzzy. See. Why wouldn't you eating anything? But normal J2 are young. But Aqua, the emoji. So in this sentence, instead of using the word path, we use a yarn which means nothing. How would you say, why weren't they leaving? Nopat? Nopat title bar. 61. 136m - Negative question practice: How would you say in French, why didn't PA want to leave? Bull crap? Yeah. The book what Pierre the relative path bacteria. Why wasn't Marie waiting for Pierre? Book 1 mi he not on the daily by Pierre. Quite mathy. Not on the Dell puppy. Wasn't he watching the television? New palette? No, I gotta tilt laterally. Vizio. Wasn't she eating a croissant? Pneumonia? Pneumonia? Tell Python question. Wasn't he drinking any wine? Newbie vigil, PEDOT, van, newbie vital paddle. Why wouldn't they preparing dinner? No preoperative Paladin a book, what nucleotide till Paladin a. When you hear yesterday, knitted to pass the CEF, native opacity, wasn't he saying something? New digital packet, Google's new digital packet go shoes. 62. 136n - parler à: Let's move on from the imperfect tense temporarily. We'll head back to it soon. But I just wanted to finish this lesson off with two verbs whose meanings change ever so slightly, depending on whether they're used with do or as their preposition. Here's the first variant. Patently are, patently. It means to speak to or to talk to patently. So how would you say in French? I was speaking to Pierre. Japan it up here. Your papillae. I Pierre. Pierre is talking to Murray. Pierre by Lemma. Pierre Paul. I'm sorry. Do you need to talk to Jen? Tube is one the lesion. This one the ballet. Pierre spoke to the class. Piano or ballet. I like less. Pierre. Apparently, I like glass. Have you already spoken to everybody today? Japan, Korea tool, Amanda, who they Japan layer to the Moon. Whom is Marie speaking to? A key, Mallory. Mallory polluted. So literally you have to say in French, to whom is Marie speaking? Because you can end a sentence with a preposition in French. So key, Mallory. 63. 136o - parler de: We've just seen patently which means to talk to or to speak to. But if we change the preposition or two, do we get patently do badly, do, which means to speak about or to talk about. So how would you say in French, I was talking about Pierre Japan lay the Pierre Japan led to Pierre. Pierre is talking about me. Pierre pallidum, Moi Pierre panel done. Why? Do you need to talk about something? At tube is one the paralytic ileus shows. Every verb is one. The bandleader Keiko, shows. He was talking about the hotel. It palate the lower tail. Tail. What is she talking about? The boundary. I think they're talking about next year. You pause, keep the linear portion. You pause keep ball2 Lani portion. So hopefully the difference between partly due and patently isn't too difficult to understand. And just remember that if you want to make these into questions, e.g. what are you talking about or whom are you talking to? In French, you have to bring the preposition up front because you can end a sentence with a preposition. I've already given you a couple of examples of these in the questions we've just been looking at. So hopefully they didn't throw you too much. Just remember that when you put the word curve, meaning what? With the preposition, it becomes quiet. E.g. do Qu'Appelle to do battle to what are you talking about? The word has to come up front. And it's the same with our key ball2, a key panel to whom are you talking to? 64. 136p - de and à upfront: How would you say in French what RPA and Michelle talking about do quite palatal Pierre and Michelle. Deal, Pierre and Michelle. Or of course, you could put the Pierre and Michelle in front of the verb. So you could say the CWA, Pierre, Hey Michelle. How would you say, whom are Marie and Sophie talking to? A key Mallory, a soft palate are key. Murray is a feedback. I don't know what you're talking about. Utah State bad request to pass your students. They do quadrupedally. So literally you have to say in French, I don't know about what you're talking. Shouldn't say Pat due to pound or verbally. Do you know whom he was talking to? C2 and c0 ballet. Savvy, who are key in ballet. You have to say literally, do you know to whom he was talking? And it's because in French, you can't end the sentence with a preposition. And a both prepositions. And you can't put them at the end of a sentence. So the English sentence is, do you know who he was talking to? We have to do is try and figure out a way of how to put two in the middle of the sentence. So do you know to whom he was talking? Set to a key, e, Pali or savvy who are key ballet. Similarly, this next one. Do you know what they're talking about? Say to do quite savvy, who do quiet. So you have to literally say, do you know about what they're talking? Set you do in parallel. So the word for what, which is normally becomes quiet when you use it after a preposition. So do quiet about what savvy, who do? Do you know about what they're talking? 65. 136q - penser à vs penser de: Policy versus ponce, do. The difference between ballet and parlayed do make sense because it's quite logical. On the other hand, the difference between policy and ponce do might not be so easy to understand. They both mean to think about, but in two slightly different ways. Let's start with ponce do. Now pause. They do means to think about in the sense of having an opinion about something. E.g. coupons to do math, what you coupons to the mouth, what you what do you think about my car? Meaning? What is your opinion about my car? Could Pierre posteriorly film? Could Pierre posterior do film? Or what is Pierre's opinion about the film? So ponce de means to think about in the sense of having an opinion. That's policy Du Pont say. Ponce means to think about in the sense of thinking something over or having something on your mind. E.g. coupons to acquire ponds to what are you thinking about? Marie, bonds appear. Maggie pasta, Pierre. Marie is thinking about Pierre, meaning she's got Pierre on her mind. Your bonds that to your bones at TWA. I'm thinking of you while I'm thinking about you. So ponce means to think about as in to have something on your mind or to think something over. How would you say in French, she's thinking about her friend bonds as tsunami. Bonds as tsunami. I was thinking about my children. You ponce, Amazon phone. You point say Amazon phone. So it means my children were on my mind. I was thinking about them. You can also use ponce. When you're saying that you're thinking about something in the sense that you're considering it. E.g. how would you say we're thinking about Paris for this summer? New parcel post entity, newborn song appellee post entity. 66. 136r - practise with penser: How would you say in French, what do you thinking about our coupons to our coupon Cebu. So bonds, they are means to think about as inter, have something on your mind. When you're asking somebody, what are you thinking about? You're asking them what's on your mind. You can even put a verb after ponce to say what you're thinking about doing. How would you say, I'm thinking about going to the supermarket tomorrow. Your posts or LA, or Superman shade them on. Your posts are allay or supermarket demand. What are you thinking of doing now? Coupons to affirm non-tonal coupon, say vu, affair maintenance. What do you think about this book? Good points to the saliva. Coupons they vote does to lever. So this is giving an opinion. What's your opinion about this book? You can also put a verb after ponce do to say what opinion you have about doing something. E.g. how would you say, what do you think about leaving early coupons to the bacteria to coupons say vu, the bacteria too. So it means what is your opinion about leaving early? You can also translate this as, how do you feel about leaving early? How would you say, what does he think about the food here? Coupon still don't know what your AC coupon still do not know heat URI See. I don't know what she thinks of you. Jin stayed past to get posed to. You shouldn't say pass to get positive. So this means I don't know what her opinion of you is. How would you say? He said he's thinking about her kid pumps in a D bonds. So this means that she is on his mind. We've had in this lesson, ballet, which means to speak to or to talk to. Patently do, means to speak about or to talk about. Ponce. Means to think about in the sense of having something on your mind. Whereas bonds they do means to think about in the sense of giving your opinion. 67. 136s - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in French? We were talking to the children about this country's history. New paleo awesome for the list while the CTE, new paleo awesome font list, what are the CPE? So literally you're saying we were speaking to the children about the history of this country. How would you say are you thinking about your family? Points to at FMI? Pause. Say boo about her family. I don't know what he thinks about the film, but I think you liked it. You know, say passive, keep positive film, measure, post, killing me. You should just say pass key points to measure pulse kilometer. They weren't waiting for me. I think they were waiting for their parents. You know, math on data, GPa, skis atone Day. In the math on Deepa, you post that on the loophole. What were you doing at the hotel? Khufu's Khafre's evil. Why wasn't she told him to Pierre Nepali tell Pierre. Book what new palette, El Paso. Where are you working? To have eye evil? I wasn't talking about the film. I was talking about the book. June palette pad, you fill them. Japan or do you leave on you Nepali pedophile them? Is your palate you leave on. Where are you thinking of spending the holidays? Coupons to epithelia cons Groupon, say boo, Upper Silesia cones. Who is he thinking about? I keep on steel. I keep on steel. 68. 136t - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What are these French sentences mean in English? Good policy. Who did I say, do I see on politic along with their coupon seafood lasted us some political longer there. What do you think of the political situation in England? New Caledonia, new tab, I use colony down here. We were working in Paris until last year. The palatal. Palatal. What was she talking about? Your palate? The get-go shows number of Tom made to New Mexico taper. You postulate the calculation is done both on to New Mexico taper. I was talking about something important but you weren't listening to me. At a, D, C, E, F, G, a, T, T, C. Yeah. He was here yesterday. Avik key via J, T of x, y, and z. Whom are they traveling with? They get to the fair. Guess. I get to the fair. What were you trying to do? A coupons to our key points to whom are you thinking about? Shake it shows major step backward. You shall shake. It shows mentions the back while he was looking for something, but I don't know what new phase Xian and get two new phase. And G2. We were making a cake. 69. 136u - let's recap - English to French: Now let's do some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How do you say in French? Are you going to change the reservation for us? That You Zhe Xie. I'm learning French, but it's quite difficult. Yeah, Paul, live home safe. Miss it. I say difficile. Yet Parlophone say, may say that, say difficile. We would like to hire a car, but only for three days. Knew who the only way in which you mesalamine portrayals rule. Nouveau. The only way in which you mesalamine portrait Zhuo. They wanted to stay here, but they're too young. Stacy MAY is on trojan. It, Julio Stacy may Eastern Trojan. I found it very practical, but it was boring. Juliet through the triprotic. May lithium we, you you need to be triprotic. May elaborate on we, you know, I'm not tired but I am very busy. Not juicy poverty measures with ties or QP. Not reduce the poverty measures with tail QP. The lunch is absolutely fantastic year. Additionally, it absolutely man, for the sticky see. It. Absolutely fantastic. Isi. It's different to what you ate before. Our secret to emoji Yvonne, CD4 as the caboose have emoji avant. Sometimes I like to eat at the hotel, but sometimes I like to go out to a restaurant for GMOs Zhe. Make it good for gems of TIA or histone. Tail. Miguel go for James tortilla, Hassan, I'm going to have some cheese later. You vape ponds. What the format is pretty pre-tax. You be pond lot and D4 match Brita. 70. 136v - let's recap - French to English: Now let's do some French to English recap translations. What do these friends sentences mean in English? You don't croissant mantle on to Tom croissant mountain on do you want your question now? Will have shallow way Lucia for you. Whereas the trolley, Mahi, Napa boo, boo, boo that you may not buy Bupa, Good. Yeah. Maria didn't drink much wine yesterday. So see a playboy Yonkers, Casella, see a pupil Yonkers Sola. This one is louder than that one month have a bone may epithet hampering me. You won't have a bomb. May. Only you. My job is good, but it can be a bit boring. Lives on fonts on Dakota Laplacian. Listen for Sontag quoted Laplacian. The children are next to the beach. Mom potty designate a major competitor, Janae ear. Mom, Pretty the geniohyoid week. It may come on pretty designate. Yeah. My breakfast today is better than my breakfast yesterday. You input a ramp or a single play. In Bhutan, the ramp or hand. Ladies don't seem to play a bottle of wine for her. And for me the bill please. Cocomo stealer regime. Still regime. They starting the diet. Sophie or annoy blue a marathon. David Bowie, Sophie or annoy blue, a annoy, my home come David Bowie. Sophie has one blue eye and one brown. I like David Bowie. 71. 137a - Comprehension exercise part 1: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson. How do you say in French to speak about or to talk about? Badly due to speak to, or to talk to. Ballet. To think about as in to have something on your mind. To think about, as in your opinion. Ponce de comprehension exercise. This lesson is text, is a short message from Norway who is talking about reality TV. She says, you know, a lazy me see on the telly reality, some type of Yulia baskets on DDR, decent on that parabolas one directly shia only Haggadah, mom pair bonds because they don't match collision prophetic passage of tongue. They do bourgeois and the ambulance, they can document their sleep problem on the hormone TO do not complain it. Module continue command or MA, who got the leisure daily, busy, a Latina reality. Let's have a look at what this text means. So she starts off with Jima. No way. Meaning, Hi, I'm called node a. So far so good. Let's MEC on the reality. Some type of Yulia baskets on DVR decent, less MEC on the Taylor Valley. Some type popular baskets on DVF decent. This means reality TV shows are very popular because they are entertaining. So this is a simple sentence, but it has some vocabulary that you might not have seen yet. Unit mission in ME theorem means a program delay highly tea daily reality. You can probably guess what this one means. It means reality TV. And develop the song. The song means entertaining. Now, know a uses the feminine plural version, developed decent with an E S on the end, since it's referring to reality TV shows. And the word any theorem is feminine in the plural, is feminine plural. She then says, on the pebbles one directly here, Come on, Oh God. A papoose, wonderfully. She only Hogan. This means you don't need to think when you watch them. On that fabulous wonder comes from the phrase Ofwat boost one, which means to need. And we've had that one before. But the verb here is a new one for us. It can mean to reflect in any sense of the word. So to reflect as in a mirror, or it can mean reflect as in to think about something, as in the sense of thinking something over or pondering something. So now a is saying that you don't need to sit and think about what's going on. When you watch reality TV shows. Let's look at a couple of examples with the verb. A reference sheet to show up on the balance sheet to have on the Pathway. She always thinks before speaking. I fleshy beyond, I want a pointer to a decision that fleshy beyond. I wonder today cesium. Think carefully before making your decision. 72. 137b - Comprehension exercise part 2: No way. Then goes on to say a very long sentence. She says, Mom, bare bones, don't match collision Professor Purcell, your tongue. Day the Boolean beyond Ponzi still in Flash than document there. So they problem on the hormone to the knothole planet. This means my dad thinks it's a shame that young people prefer to spend their time watching very toughened, beautiful young people on the beach. Instead of a documentary about the environmental problems of our planet. Now, there is a very useful phrase used in that sentence. Per se. See, little. R means to spend their time. In English, we can say to spend time doing something, but in French, you use the verb, see with the preposition or before an infinitive, e.g. GM passage, you don't gm per se do tone. I like to spend time reading. In French. You use posse with the preposition in front of the next verb, Jim per se do Aliyah. It'll pass beaucoup, the tone affair. A pass book could atone affair. He spends a lot of time going hiking. Say a Honda n0 means hiking. Marie bacilli weekend as Zhuo foot married bacilli weekend as Zhuo foot. Marie used to spend the weekends playing football. Now he also uses the phrase, all you do. All you do, which is one that we've touched upon. And it can mean instead of the e.g. Isabelle, a phenyl, more of a pull our hub. Who's that are blue? Isabelle, a phenol, more of tape, polar hobos, all UW. Isabel opted for the Red Dress in the end, instead of the blue one. You visually or foot, old New Delhi or cinema. You visually or food or cinema. I wanted to play football in instead of going to the cinema. And 0 n or hot tea on, what are you doing down there? The FA and hot tea. Anwar. Are you doing down? At Christmas? She makes a roast instead of a turkey. You have regarded at Delhi old J Haggadah, Delhi earlier the medulla. I watched TV instead of doing my homework. So all the means instead of, and you can put a noun after it or a verb after it. If you put a verb, you translate it into English as the verb with an ink on the end. So we had all the fair, instead of doing. 73. 137c - Comprehension exercise part 3: Then in the last sentence, she goes module continue CMM, I'm a hugger, delays you that EVC, a lottery reality. What you continue CMM, I, ME who got the legendary VC reality. That means me, I'll carry on enjoying, watching game shows and reality TV anyway. We've already seen before, which means to carry on ink. But what about the phrase CMM? That's a new one for us. Cmm means, anyway, all the same. E.g. it may be a CMM. Elijah will tell me like an E CMM. He has a terrible player, but he wouldn't anyway. Maple Hall, Montana deed the frequency Louis measure veil of work, CMM, middle home, Montana L di dt, the frequency Louis, measure veil of welcome him. My parents have banned me from hanging out with Louis, but I'm going to see him anyway. So CMM means anyway, all the same. You might have seen MFC, CMM, nasty CMM, which means thank you anyway, then I'll just point out that she says leisure daily v z, which means game shows, leisure, daily busy. Literally it means televised games. So that's this lesson is comprehension texts done? Let's now move on to the main lesson. The imperfect tense. In this lesson, we're going to look a little more at how to use the imperfect tense in French. Was, we're in. The main usage of the imperfect tense is as the equivalent to the English was in, or we're eating. E.g. you have a yay or Hester home. You'd have a yay or Hester home. I was working at the restaurant. It laid the monogamy in ballet, the Miami. He was talking about my friend. News or bad news, allium Abadi. We were going to Paris. Used to do. Another way that you can use the imperfect tense in French is to use it as a way of saying what you used to do. E.g. jelly on phones on it, the jelly on fonts. On a day. I used to go to France in summer. If ballet, astronomy to leisure. It. Ballet, astronomy to leisure. He used to speak to his friend every day. No more young EC2 Latin numerals. You only see two Latane. We used to eat here all the time. So you can use it as a way of saying was in or wording or used to do. 74. 137d - Using the imperfect tense: We've been looking at different ways that you can use the imperfect tense in French. So far we've seen that you can use it when you want to say what you were doing or I was doing. And then we let that you can use it to say what you used to do. Well, another way that we can use it is with past descriptions. So this third way that you can use the imperfect tense in French is to describe something in the past. This can be a description about the scenery, the time, the weather, age, feelings. Anything that you're describing in the past, you can use the imperfect tense for e.g. land, no heat. At the fantastic day, fantastic. The food was fantastic. A hose LeMay zone at the house was red. If visible in fuzzy ball. It was nice out. Conservatism. Conservatism. When I was ten years old. Present perfect. The final way that you can use the imperfect tense is in conjunction with the present perfect tense. It acts as a way of giving a little bit of background story of what was happening when something else interrupted it. E.g. geo, who got laterally happily yoga, data, telecom, Mary Magdalene. I was watching TV when Marie called me. So the first part is sort of like a description of the scenery I was watching TV. And then the second part in the present perfect tense is what interrupts that. Pierre, I lay on fonts is a virtue or a tone. Be on pan. Pierre rally on phones is a Tombow pen. P. I was going to France and his car broke down. So again, the first part is setting the scene. Pierre was going to friends. Then the second part is what happened? To interrupt that the phrase, Don't be on pan means broken down, and it's from the verb Tom Bay, which means to fall. So you use eta as the auxiliary verb in the past tense. So Southwest, chew it on Bay, on pan means his car broke down. You personally, do Pierre continue on D2L on Japan, lady Pierre continue on trade dollars alone. I was talking about Pierre when he came in the living room. So again, this is setting the scene first. You're saying what was happening? I was talking about Pierre and then he suddenly came in the living room. That's what interrupted it is your pattern they do, Pierre. That's the imperfect tense. Ed on regular salon. When he entered or when he came into the living room. 75. 137e - Comic strip scenario: We've just been looking at how we can use the imperfect tense in conjunction with the present perfect tense. I like to think of it as a really simple comic strip. Imagine there are two boxes. The first box sets the scene, and you can use the imperfect tense to describe everything you want that appears in that first scene of the comic. Then in the second box, you can use the present perfect tense to show what happened that interrupted the first scene. E.g. Zhuo who got the Laetoli Vizio com, Marie monopoly, Yoga, data television, comedy, monopoly. I was watching TV when Marie called me. So the first scene is me watching TV. And the second scene is Marie calling me. In the first scene, it's setting the scene of what was happening. And then the second box shows what interrupted that. Fuzzy border. Con Isla Como se or a bull though, can't say uplift while it was nice outside when it started to rain. So the first box is describing the scene. It was nice outside. And then we have when Khan, the second box is the present perfect tense. It started to rain. So the first box is the imperfect tense, and the second box is the present perfect tense. To Lamont Mozi. Compare a REV. To remind one j, compare it REV. Everybody was eating when Pierre arrived. The first scene is everybody eating. That's in the imperfect tense. And then the second box is Pierre arriving, That's in the present perfect tense. So how would you say in French? I was thinking about you when you called me. Your ponce a trois consume happily. You ponce Abu Dhabi, appellee. What were you doing when I saw you? Could fuzzy do quantitative you. Khufu's evil because of who they view. They were in the garden and it started to rain. Is it they don't agenda is a date on Azure Data. Lake Como, se I believe. Wow. 76. 137f - Practise the imperfect with the present perfect: How would you say in French? I was eating when you telephoned you more Jacque contract telephony. Humans akin to a telephony. It was nice out when you arrived. If Visible, going to be IV. If he's able. We were looking for the key, but we found my passport new CFC and likely may move on to VM and Buspar new section likely may lose I won't Huberman basketball. What were you doing when we left? Glyphosate? You can do some Patty. Khufu's evil go Newsome party. Charles was calling me this morning but I didn't answer. Shall MapOverlay Samantha, measuring a pi bond, you shall map estimator. Imagine a pi bond. You. I was trying to pay the bill, but my car didn't work. Just say the baby, let me mark out Napa marshy. Just a yada, yada, the theorem. May MCA, nafta mushy. I also said that you can use the imperfect tense in French to say things that you used to do. So how would you say in French? I used to go to France very often. Jelly on phones, place to von, jelly on phones, place to home. Where did you use to live? Who EBITDA to? Who? Ibt Woo. 77. 137g - More practice with the imperfect: How would you say in French? We used to go out a lot before, but now we prefer to stay at home. No Satyam book who haven't made mountain on new private home, stay alive. Meson news, ostium book, whoever may methanol, nucleophile homeless, they allow Amazon. Or you could also say, I stay, she knew for to stay at ours. Pierre said he's scared to the cinema with Marie every Monday. P hat d t allele or cinema or Vic Murray, shackle Sunday. Pfid clearly or cinema Vic Murray. She used to work here a very long time ago. Have I DAC don't have IEC. A long tone. What did they used to do? Khufu's. Khufu's. I used to do that as well when I was younger. You fill this out. We see the occlusion as you possess that. We'll see according to the occlusion. I used to watch game shows. You have a good day. Digitally visa, a younger guy, they digitally busy. We used to travel to Australia quite often. New via Zoom on our study assessed. Via Zoom on Australia. I see soon before he used to take his bike, but now he drives avant. Nissan value may mountain known economy. Avant, you pronate some value. May mountain on economy. 78. 137h - Structure 5: How would you say in French? Before, I didn't use to like this song, but now I'm starting to appreciate it. Avant. You name any passage Johnson may mountain Anja commercial electricity. You name a passage Johnson may mountain on your e-commerce leprosy. I wasn't working. I was reading a book. Units have a gay bar which Lizzie and leave her. You didn't have a HIPAA Julie Zai and leave her. She was telling me something, but then her friend called her. Music anchor shows may pre rapidly musical cultures may pre tsunami lab. So you'll notice that on the end of appellee, there's an extra e because the object pronoun is her. The look in front of the appellee stands for law. Now, we've been talking a lot about the imperfect tense. So I think now it's a good time to introduce a new structure. We're going to be learning about structure five. In structure five, there are just two parts, a question word and then an inverted verb in the imperfect tense. Here is an example of it in use. Glyphosate, you could visit you. What were you doing? Cook foods into? It's made up of the word meaning what? Which is the question word. And then foods A2 means what are you doing? And that's the inverted imperfect verb. Now the first part of structure five is simply a question word. And since we've seen them all many times, you'll already know them. So let's do a quick recap. How would you say in French, where? What, at what time? A killer? When Khan, how? Como, which? Gail? Why? Aqua? How much or how many? Cambium? How long are literally how much time can be undertone? And who or whom. 79. 137i - Changing the question word: We can change either of the two parts in structure five. E.g. look at this sentence. Could launch naval Kumarajiva. That means What were you eating Kumarajiva? Well, instead of saying at the start, which means what? We could change it to 0. E.g. emoji woo hoo. Woo means where were you eating? Who module level? Or we could change it to come, which means when Kahneman GAVI module level, when you eating. Just like with the other structures, you can change the question word without changing any of the rest of the question. The module, a viewport didn't told her at all just because we changed the question. Wait at the start. Have a go and try and write down as many questions as you can think of using the structure five question format. Here are a few to get you going. More. J2. J2. Where were you eating? Cooked foods? Eating cooked foods. What was he doing? L2. L2. Where are you going? Could be V2. Could be v2. What were you drinking? Palate. You only bought dilate to Langley. Why were you speaking English? Try and write down five of your own questions using the structure five. How would you say in French, where were they going? Let what was he doing? Khufu's 18. 18. Where are you making the reservation for? All fuzzy do lattice of SEO. But all fizzy evil lattice of SEO. Because you can't end a sentence with the word for, which is a preposition in French, you have to bring it up to the stars and you say, for where were you making the reservation? A tool that has a vacuum. How would you say, What were you doing? Good foods eat you could fizzy evil. 80. 137j - Practise with Structure 5: How would you say in French, why were they watching the TV? Who got the T laterally Vizio? But I forgot the t laterally Vizio. Where was she living? Ebitda. Ebitda. Were you writing a letter? Cleave it to you later. Gave you let her. What book was he reading? Can leave only the tin. Can leave her. Lizzie. What was she eating at the restaurant? Good morning. Or has the home good Moshe tail or has the home where she buying a souvenir for Pierre? I should the Dell on souvenir puppy. Yeah. Ash detail on souvenir ****. Yeah. Where were they going? Let LET don't forget that with the imperfect tense, because it can mean two different things in English. Each French structure using structure five will have two meanings. When you're asking a question using structure five in French, there will be two ways to translate it into English. E.g. could visit to visit. You could mean, What were you doing or what did you use to do? This is because the imperfect tense can mean was over ink or used to. So whenever you see or hear the fifth structure in French, just keep in mind there are two things that could mean in English. The one that it does mean will usually be clear from the context. Here's another example. Module2. Module2. That could mean What were you eating or what did you use to eat? 81. 137k - Two different meanings: We've just been learning that whenever you see a structure five question in French, it can be translated in two different ways into English. One way we'll have was or were, and the other way we'll have used to e.g. who have yet to cover yet you could mean where were you working? Or it could mean where did you use to work? On Mac? I should get Mac. I should see a room. This could mean which brand were you buying or which brand did you use to buy? The word MAC means brand in French. Who, who LET? Where were they going, or where did they use to go? So what are the two things that this sentence could mean in English? Who modular homogeneity? Where was she eating? Or where did she use to eat? Confidence-weighted finish setting. When were they finishing or when did they use to finish cuff? Is it good for What was he doing? Or what did he use to do? Module2 about module2, about where are you eating in Paris? Or where did you use to eat in Paris? I beat the til alone. Ebitda till alone. Was he living in London or did he used to live in London? So every question in the structure five format can be translated into English in two different ways. One way will be with was or were, and the other way would be with use to. 82. 137l - Structure 5 recap: Let's do a quick recap of structure five then. Monty, Evo Kumarajiva means what would you eating? It's made up of two parts. The question word, in this case, meaning what, then the inverted imperfect verb, in this case, more GAVI, meaning where you eating. Let's do a quick recap of all the question words and then some example imperfect tense verbs that you can use to make your own structure. Five sentences. How do you say in French, where? What? Good? At what time? I Keller. When? How common? Which? Why? Both Gua how much or how many? Young? How long will literally how much time can be undertone? Who or whom? Key? How would you say in the formal, will you eating? Most evil? Was he drinking? Be victim? Were you ordering in the informal common that you were we trying? Essay Yolngu. Will you paying in the formal? More she doing? Well, we hiring Louis. Was he going? Alice? Will you taking in the plural? Naval? Did she have where are we changing? Shows you all knew. Was I buying? I should did you were you starting in the plural? Commerce, the evil. 83. 137m - est-ce que alternative: How would you say in French were they will be giving out the unknown. With a leaving. Will you bringing in the plural? Apparati evil? Was he spending as in spending money deposited? Was he spending as in spending time past 18? Where we seeing why are you calling in the informal app relate to where they staying? Will you finding in the plural? To vivo? Were they saying? Don't forget that we've also started to look at different ways of saying each structure. So let's have a look at the eschar version of structure five. Hopefully, the esco versions of the different structures haven't been too difficult to get to grips with. You simply put esco, meaning, is it that after the question word and then you don't need to invert the imperfect tense. So in the normal structure five, we have Kumarajiva, which means what were you eating? But then if we put esco after the question word, we get Tesco. Tesco Mozi a. It still means what were you eating? Literally. It means what is it that you were eating? Scuffle emoji. So when you use esco, you don't need to invert. What would be the two different ways that you could say, What were you doing using the informal way of saying you visit you or guests could do for Z. What would be the two different ways of saying, where are you eating? Using the formal way of saying you. Who gave woo hoo? Woo hoo emoji. 84. 137n - est-ce que alternative: What would be the two different ways of asking him French, What was he doing? Visited or gets killed fuzzy. Where was she going? Oh, annotate or scale LA, who? Sk allele. What were they drinking? Could be the case. Good. Bravais. Why was he speaking English? Palatal, only. Aqua, SQL, Pele on Glee. Where were they going? Let excuse LA. What was he doing yesterday? Khufu's until yeah. There's eight yeah. Where were they making the reservation for? But if there's a teal lines of SEO is killed. Busy lives of SEO. What were you ordering? Could come on day two or could come on the evil. Or if you use the esco alternative, you will say either case Q2, come one day or I guess goo goo common da. What was he doing this morning at the hotel? Gophers matter. I look, they'll get skin fuzzies to matter a lot. 85. 137o - Manipulating Structure 5: What would be the two different ways to say in French? Why were they watching the TV? Oh, I got the T laterally Vizio. But aqua SQL Hoegaarden video. Where was she living? Who? Ebitda? Whiskey liability. Why were you writing a letter? To letter? But it could be a letter. Or with esco you could say aqua is could you activate in letter? Or Escobar was active in later? What book was he reading? The Villa leads a team. Can leave. Her skill is, what was she eating at the restaurant? Or has the home gets killed mosaic or has to home. Well, she buying a souvenir for Pierre? I should they tell? Souvenir, PL SQL, Azure, unsafe knee up up here. Where were they going? Who? Rescues? Now you can also manipulate structure five in many different ways. E.g. you can take certain bits out to make different types of questions. You don't always have to stick a question word at the start. Let's see what happens when you don't do that. How would you say in French? Were you eating more J2 or were they eating the pizza? Pizza. Pizza. Were you paying the bill? Paid to lead this young lady soon. Was he buying some cheese? I should the team be farmers? Actually, they differ much. Was she going to Paris? I like tell about Alitalia. Was he ordering some water for the table? Commodity, the loop pull a tabular. Commodities, do low palatable. 86. 137p - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in French, what will you bring them with you on holiday using to cap off the two electron by columns. It gets gets you up or tear of e2 and vacuums. What was he eating yesterday? Yeah. Yeah. What film were they watching? Film. I forgot the team can film as kinetic ID. How long did they use suspend in Paris? Kami undertone passage is a battery company and the tone is skipped by say, a party. Did she use to start at quarter past for Como se Como se I can throw Erica where she paying the bill. Payer lady escaped Peggy. What was he doing there? Khufu's a dealer, gets killed for Zola. What time did you use to start using ikea? Ikea. Which wine were they trying? Get advantage is they get Kelvin is gives us the year. What were you doing yesterday using to glyphosate do ear case. Could you present year. 87. 137q - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What are these French sentences mean in English? Could these A2? Desert you? What were you saying? Key as google amassed C, key is Vijay and mouseY. Whom will you seeing in more say. But SQLAlchemy is good to LA, a colleague. Why were you going to Kelly? Was he making a reservation? Key is I should they get skis, I should say. What were they buying? Key escrow to a day. Key SQuAD. Whom were you helping? Is given every group is given. Eric Wu. Did they use to commit you or were they coming with you? I lead to a Polynesia can lead to a palliation many. Did you used to go to Paris every year? Whiskey allele. Skillfully. Where was he going? Where did he use to go? Can be underneath it. You can be on the new way to Aeschylus day. How much food was he buying or how much food did he use to buy? 88. 137r - let's recap - English to French: Now let's do some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases we learned in previous lessons. How would you say in French? I would like to go at 03:15. You would readily at twice your ICA. You put the rise LA or twice your ICA. I would like to have room for two people. You've attained sharp or the axon is you would either in sharp or the person. Would you like a bottle of water? Would I do in potato? In Butoh. Take the third root on the right and then turn right. Pointing out towards the M who had wet a pre tornado at, pointed out towards the M who had wet. If we don't add wet? Personally, I believe it's very good. Personnel mole you quite good. Say table, personnel manager, quite crusade table. I don't have a car. You need bad. What do you need? Bed wet you. It's €52. Since I'm going to do a hole. Say some quantity. I'm right and you're wrong. Gi zone a zone of eta. Why did you have to leave at 04:00 in the morning? Book? What do we do patio? I got toilet matter. Quite deviate to Battier. I got toilet matter. Are you going to Paris now that you are battling mental know who the belly button. 89. 137s - let's recap - French to English: Now let's do some French to English recap translations. What are these friends sentences mean in English? You voted as unveiled davon majors, we told you in, if you've ordered a unveiled davon may just be trojan. I would like a glass of wine, but I'm too young. You specific tick the level of detail, the language. Don't do Pierre. Just be septic doula, validate the language Monday, Pierre. I am skeptical about the validity of Piaget's argument. Cecum example, hammer, sequent, Bianco. I'm one. How much does it for one month. Abated. Monad middleman, Isabel, Maggie. You have multimedia man is a Bill Murray. I'm calling my friend tomorrow. She's called Murray. You live view API you lay view a Pali. I saw her in Paris. Yep, I say this sermon on a span. You pass this amendment Hispania. I spent two weeks in Spain. You'd want bacteria, don't think minute. You'd have bacterial dance-like minute. I have to leave in five-minutes. You voted isolation. Zhe you would isolate Sheila boolean z I would like to go to the bakery. When I bibliotheque, we let bibliotheque. Where is the Library? Company? Boulevards. Same company would have Jose. Do you understand French? 90. 138a - Comprehension exercise part 1: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learned in the last lesson. How would you say in French, what was he doing? Where were you eating? More? J2. J Wu. Why were they coming? Vionnet till when was she leaving? Compared to tailor? Comprehension exercise? The text for this lesson is a short paragraph that somebody has written describing a concept they went to. Yes, wow, just recently amount or conserve the mockup. Your periphery is unilateral. Xiaomi boost your sin is you take your exit day. Master, Duke of Monterey company, a nuisance or eBay, I said to know, plus A2 platelets in atmospheric electric. Let's have a look at what this text means. The first sentence is yes, wow. Just recently unarmed or concern, the more happier PFLA. Yes, wow, it was just recently unknowns or concept. The more happier. Cleverly. This means last night I went to nano, to the concept of my favorite rapper. Now, this sentence is a good sentence that we can use to practice developing our passive vocabulary. There are a couple of words in this sentence that we haven't seen before, but they do look familiar. So we can take a good guess at what they might mean. Look on, say, Look on sale means the concept. And so this is an identical word to the English. It's just pronounced different. And then unhappy, unhappy wrapper. The more we read French, the more we start to notice how many words are the same or very similar in French and English. Whilst we might not have known that concept was the same in both languages. Now we've seen it in context. We can start to use it and makeup a few sentences using the word concepts to help you become part of our active vocabulary. E.g. hello Kester, add-on, a unconcerned or Pac lock, guess. I'm concerned, or back. The orchestra gave a concert at the Park. Lake on cell. Does the group, some fantastic lake concern the subgroup some fantastic. Another useful thing to do whenever you get a new word or phrase is to look it up in a good dictionary. In most good dictionaries, they will have a few related phrases that contain the word you're looking up. E.g. I've just looked up the word concept and I found this inside the console. Inside the concept means a concert venue. Literally it means a room of concept. So this is just a good way to gain a little extra vocabulary. And since it's related to the original word, it will make it easier to remember. 91. 138b - Comprehension exercise part 2: We've just seen the sentence. You just use any unknown or the more happier periphery, meaning last night I went to none. To the concept of my favorite rapper. We can tell that it's a girl who read this paragraph, since she writes is just three, is LA with an extra e on the end of the past participle to make it feminine. Then the other thing to note about this sentence is a word that we've seen before. But sometimes seeing something in context is a good way of making it more concrete in your head. The phrase more cleverly uses the adjective pepper hate to mean favorite. You can put cafe after any noun to say that it's your favourite monk cooler. And cooler. My favorite cooler. Minogue to a minority to put FFA, my favorite food. So this one has an extra e on the end because noise is a feminine noun. My name is Professor hi, my name is John periphery, my favorite program. Then she goes on to say, junior love Asia may view. So sin h it is still like City Journal of Asia may use those in Asia. They still exit day. I had never seen him live and I was over-excited. This sentence actually contains a tense that we haven't looked at yet, but we will do in a future lesson. The phrase Gervais view means I had seen, and it's an example of the pluperfect tense. Don't worry about it too much for now as we will be looking at it in detail in the future. But what I really want to look at in this sentence is the negative phrase, Xiaomi, news, Yummy. We've seen to negative phrases so far in the three-minute French courses, you can put new and pass around a verb to simply make it negative. Or you can put around the verb to mean nothing. E.g. you can say Japan, Japan, which means I speak. And then you can make it negative. Unit battled and battled bar. I don't speak. Or UDK graph shows is your d shows. I'm saying something or you can put a year after it around Xuan De Leon. I'm not saying anything. Or literally I'm saying nothing. So no means nothing. But in this sentence in the text, it says, general Asia may do generally jam, may view. You can put jam me around any verb to say that you never do it. E.g. UV. Appellee, your visa body. I go to Paris. June of Asia, May. June aphasia may apathy. I never go to Paris. Goes around the verb il Hogan, TVM. Her dad laterally Vizio. He watches television. Nova gather Jamila television, regard jam military Vizio. So no means never. We will be looking at Xiaomi again in a future lesson along with some other negative phrases, but it wouldn't hurt to write it down now with a few example phrases for yourself. 92. 138c - Comprehension exercise part 3: We've just been looking at this sentence. June 11th, Xiaomi, boost your sin Asia, they still exit day. Meaning I had never seen him live and I was over-excited. That sentence gives us a couple of new words that we can put on a cue card, along with unconcerned and unhappier from the previous sentence, we have certain exit day, which means over-excited. In this sentence, she's put an extra e on the end to make it feminine. But normally see on exit day doesn't have that extra e on the end. And then we have the phrase, so sin, which means onstage or live when talking about a performer. If we search for steel sin in a good dictionary, we get a few phrases. Mantissa of sin. Monte. Syn means to go on stage. And the taste your sin and sin to invite onstage your sin, sin to be on stage. So it might be a good idea to write those phrases down, just to add to our passive vocabulary. The next sentence goes, master, a Duke of Monterey company, a nuisance. Or if I say to myself, do coupon monte Company a nuisance or heavy, I say to my sister and two friends came with me, or literally accompanied me. And we arrived quite early. So you can use the verb our company to mean to a company, but you also use it to mean to go with or to come with somebody. You may accompany my mail Sheila medicine. You may accompany my Mayor. Sheila Medicine. I'm going with my moments with the doctors are literally, I'm going to accompany my mom to the doctors. Suzanne Blum, a companion beyond the Poisson, Sudan blown, a companion beyond the Poisson. This white wine goes well with the fish. In this text, the gill says, in accompany, the word accompany has an extra e on the end, because it means they accompanied me and the me is feminine. She then goes on to say, NO plus Eta to play the lesson. Atmosphere at the electric. No plus Eta to play lesson. Atmospheric. Electric, meaning our seats were right next to the stage and the atmosphere was electric. The word for seat is actually CH. Ch, but that refers to a seat as an actual chair or a seat in the car. So it's more of a physical seat. On the other hand, plus can be used to mean seat, but it's not necessarily a place where you can sit down. It could be just standing room if you're talking about a concept. I suppose a similar word in English could be spot, e.g. as CO2 per gallon. They don't laugh, feel that aren't as P2P, Miguel de ma plus donor fill that aren't. Meaning can you save my spot in the queue for me? Yeah, they do. Plus polar concept has Del Valle plus public concern. So you can use this sentence to mean, I booked two tickets for the concert or iBooks, two spots for the concept regard beyond C2V2 in plus J Omega C2 volume plus the gouache. See if you can spot a parking space. Or literally see if you can see a spot where to park over God, beyond C2 plus j. We got beyond means, have a lookout. 93. 138d - du tout: In the text, she says, no plus two prayed lesson. No plus a12 platelets n, meaning our seats were right next to the stage. The phrase to play, the means right next to e.g. to platelet be seen to play the Lapiths scene. She lives right next to the swimming pool. Just be to pray the mambo. You speak to the mambo. I am right next to my office. To play the means right next to. We've learned quite a few nice words and phrases from this text. Now, make a cue card with them and try writing a few sentences to help you remember them. Let's start this lesson. Here's your first phrase. Do to, do to. It means at all due to. You can place due to straight after the word path or in the same place as the English. So how would you say in French, it isn't a wine at all? Sunni peasant van due to 0, pad U2 and Van say you can put the phrase due to in the same place as we put it in English at the end. So in a passenger van due to or you can place it straight after the pan. So in a pad you to literally it isn't at all a wine. How would you say I don't like cheese at all. You named Pat you to lift homage, or you name-value format you do too. He doesn't want to come at all. To veneer or Avenir do too. He wasn't happy at all. In a D-pad you to confirm or in a deeper content due to it isn't easy at all. As soon it bad You too fast. Or Sunni puff. I do too. 94. 138e - placement of du tout: How would you say in French, we're going there together or not at all? Newsy alone Ensemble. Who paid you to newsy alone Ensemble too? No, not at all. No budget to non pad it to. I don't like that at all. You named bad U2 cell genome Purdue two-star. In French, the phrase do too is used in negative sentences. And as I said, it can be placed straight after the word path or at the end of the sentence. If you put due to at the end of the sentence rather than straight after the path, it adds a bit more emphasis. E.g. if you said June and July pizza, you named value to that pizza. That means I don't like pizza at all. But if you said, as you named Bella pizza due to rename palette pizza due to, that adds more emphasis. And it means I rarely definitely don't like pizza at all. So by putting it at the end, you add a lot more emphasis. How would you say Pierre hasn't changed at all? Pierre notepad, you Tucson, Sanjay or Pierre, not partial g do too. I didn't see Murray at all. Unique pad you to view Mary. You need Bellevue mainly due to we don't like this restaurant at all. New name on Padua to serve restaurant. New Nemo Paso has stolen due to say if you put due to at the end of the sentence rather than straight after the word bar. It adds a lot more emphasis. 95. 138f - ne ... pas & ne ... rien: We've already had the negative phrase before. Remember you can put in front of a verb and path after it to make it negative. So how would you say in French? I wasn't speaking. June the ballot paper. He isn't here. In the past. In the past CSI. Marie doesn't like wine. Marine impact Louvain, man named Paolo van. So we've already seen no path many times. I just wanted to use that as a way to lead you on to the next section. We're going to learn a couple more ways to turn verbs. So path is the one that we've done most so far. It's just the same as using donor or not with a verb. E.g. webpack. Webpack Pierre. I don't see any pattern fonts. They pass on forms. She is not in France. In the VN VN bar. They're not coming. No-par is like the English, don't or not. No. No. We did this negative phrase a few lessons ago. You use it in the same way that you use in the nerve. Goes in front of the verb, comes after the verb. It means nothing or not anything. E.g. June of what, a young university. Yeah. I don't see anything or I see nothing. New. Virion. Virion. She doesn't want anything or she wants nothing. In that rehash stay in Afghanistan. He didn't buy anything or he bought nothing. You might also know the song that had three young by Edit PDF, which means I regret nothing or I don't regret anything. So a young means nothing or not anything. 96. 138g - ne ... plus: No clue. No clue. This is a third negative construction that you can use. Again, the nerve goes in front of the verb, and the blue goes after the verb. It means no longer or not anymore or no mall. E.g. in a place of homes. In a clue of Hans, he is no longer in France or he isn't in France anymore. Unit pale blue, Alec Pierre. Pierre. I no longer speak with Pierre or I don't speak with Pierre anymore. So it means no longer or not anymore. New new new new, new balance. We no longer speak. We don't speak to each other anymore. Money NAB each plu of Hans, marina beach Please, of homes. Marie doesn't live in France anymore. So no blue means no longer or not anymore. How would you say in French? I don't watch TV anymore. You know how God to lead television. You know, I got pretty light television. I'm not watching anything. You know, her godly young junior high gather them. I'm not watching TV. You know, I got palatini Vizio. You know, who got laterally Vizio? She doesn't love Pierre anymore. Yeah. L named Pierre. She doesn't love Pierre. Papua named Pierre. She doesn't like anything in them. So no means don't OR NOT. Null means nothing or not anything. And no clue means no longer or not anymore. 97. 138h - ne ... plus practice: How would you say in French? He doesn't swim on Monday it anymore. Even though nudge nudge Pluto land? I don't know anymore. As you know say. You didn't say plu he doesn't have it anymore. I'm not thirsty anymore. You need pretty suave. You need please swap. She said she's not hungry anymore. It id kidding. I prefer a lady cannot prefer. They don't work here anymore. In a tab I see. In the tonight please see. I no longer want to see him. You invert period of while loop while she doesn't want to come with us anymore. The plutonium. Plutonium, I think no. I don't understand you anymore. Unit to compound. As you know, Vu compound. 98. 138i - ne ... plus de: How would you say in French, were not going to eat meat anymore? New nylon, more jaded beyond noon alone, pretty much JD beyond. So in this sentence, it literally means we're no longer going to eat any meat. So the du is any, when it's a negative sentence. Nylon, pu, more j do beyond. We don't see our Italian friends anymore. Noon of Wyoming knows I'm Italia. Noonan via knows I'm Italia. He's not waiting for his friend anymore. In that don't produce on any tsunami. With the phrase no clue, which you now know means not anymore or no longer know more. You can also put a noun on the end. In English, if you want to put a noun on the end of anymore, the word anymore becomes two words any more. E.g. I don't want any more wine. I don't see anymore cheese. In French. You can do this too, but you have to put a little word do in front of the noun. E.g. in India, the format in the upload of homage, there is no more cheese or there isn't any more cheese. You know, March period, the show color, June, March, the Shah cola. I'm not eating any more chocolate. Pierre. Pierre, never Blue Devil John Pierre doesn't want any more money. So in English, if you want to say anymore plus a noun, the word anymore is two words. In French, you say no clue and then do in front of the noun. 99. 138j - ne ... plus de practice: How would you say in French, I'm not buying any more books. You know, **** blew the lever. Gina, she hit the lever. Pierre is eating no more cheese. Pneumonia. Pneumonia is Pluto for Marsh. I haven't gotten any more money. You need three diversion is in a p that has gone. We've got no bread left. New novel included, been new novel included. Pan. I don't want any more sweets. You invoke the bone. Bone is universally the bone bone. Don't you have any more sugar? Not include the sukha. Navy blue suit. You can use the in front of a noun by itself to say no more of it. E.g. how would you say no more sausages for me. Thank you. I'm not hungry anymore. Please dissociates. You need prefer. Dissociates. Bowman, mercy, Janae, profound. So in this lesson so far we've had due to or pad U2, which means Not at all. No means not or don't. Null means nothing or not anything. No clue means no longer. Not anymore, or no more. And no plu plus a noun means no more of that noun. 100. 138k - Present perfect vs Imperfect: Present perfect versus imperfect. I just wanted to end this lesson with a quick look at the differences between the present perfect tense and the imperfect tense in French. The basic difference between the perfect tense, the imperfect tense is whether you say was in or wording in the imperfect, or have done or did in the present perfect. E.g. Zhou. Zhou more j means I was eating, whereas GMO, gmo j means I ate. So Jumana j, I was eating is the imperfect tense. And Jim, Jose, I ate is the present perfect tense. Another example is in sweaty say, influenzae say, which means he was choosing illustrator Zi. Xie. He has chosen is ready, say, meaning he was choosing is the imperfect tense. And Eli schwa z, meaning he has chosen, is the present perfect tense. Another check that you can do is that if you are able to put use to in a sentence, and it still means the same thing. Use the imperfect in French. E.g. I lived in France. I used to live in France. They both mean the same thing. So you can use the imperfect tense and French. Jb. Jb tampons. She worked with me. She used to work with me. They both mean the same thing. L of ECMO. Have a year of ECMO in the imperfect tense? If however, you meant to say, she worked with me yesterday, well then you couldn't say she used to work with me yesterday. You would have to use the present perfect tense, e.g. in this sentence, we eat the ice cream yesterday. Well, you can't say we used to eat the ice cream yesterday. So you can't use the imperfect tense here. You have to use the present perfect tense. News about modular glass, news avant Mozilla class. So if you can change the sentence and say used to instead, we'll then in French, you have to use the imperfect tense. So that's two different ways that you can work out whether to use the present perfect or the imperfect. If you can say was over, then you use the imperfect tense. If you can say used to, then you use the imperfect tense as well. If you can't say used to, you have to use the present perfect tense. 101. 138l - time indicators: Finally, there are a few little time indicators that you can use to see which tends to use. Here are some time indicators that triggered the present perfect tense. In four. In four means once. Gua. Gua means twice. Twice Gua. Gua means three times. Sudan. Sudan. This means suddenly in some, in some in means one week. So those five time indicators always trigger a present perfect tense in the past tense. E.g. you could say, I did this once, I did that twice, or suddenly that happened. Here are some imperfect time indicators. Checksum in shack. Shack and they mean every week, every month, every year. So when you're doing something every week or every month, that's an imperfect tense action. To lead you to leisure means every day. Luftwaffe. In the evenings. Lula. Lula and D on Mondays. To zoo. To zoo. Means always. Those time indicators trigger an imperfect tense. If you're doing something on a regular basis, or if you were doing something on a regular basis, you were talking about it in the past using the imperfect tense. So I would write these down if I were you make two columns on a piece of paper on the left-hand side, present perfect at the top. And write down those five phrases that we've learned for the present perfect tense. And then in the right-hand column, right imperfect at the top and right down, there is five phrases that we've learned for the imperfect tense. Now we're going to add six more in each column. Let's have a look at five more present perfect tense time indicators. Andrew. Andrew means one day, e.g. you could say, one day we went here. And then you would use the present perfect tense. On fun. On fun means finally, less men down here. Less than men down there. Last week. Please. Year for clues, year for several times. Lan De Lun De on Monday. And you can change less than men in less than men down here to learn more. Meaning month, say we'll say last month, or Lenny. Lenny the EMEA would be last year. Similarly, instead of saying land D, you can say any day of the week to mean on that day. That's five more present perfect tense time indicators. Here are five more imperfect tense time indicators. That'd be 2D. That'd be 2D usually means often half-moon, half a mole. Rarely on genome. In general. And get GFA. Clinical floor means sometimes. If you use any of those phrases and you're talking about the past tense, you would have to use the imperfect tense in French. Say you can add those phrases to your columns now. And then we'll add one more in each column. To then ku. Gu means all of a sudden to them cool. Is that the present perfect tense time indicator. Therefore, pathway means occasionally, and that's an imperfect tense time indicator. So whenever you use the timing indicators in the left-hand column with a past tense, you have to use the present perfect tense. Whenever you use a word from the right hand column in the past tense, you have to use the imperfect tense for the verb. 102. 138m - comparisons: So hopefully you've written all those time indicators down. And you can start to form sentences using each of them. If they're in the left-hand column, you use the present perfect tense. If they're in the right-hand column, you can use the imperfect tense, e.g. to Dan, cool, blue or two then Qu, say uplift. All of a sudden it started to rain. So that's the present perfect tense. That'd be to the e-commerce, say uplift, W1, W2 de Como se uplift on Autobahn. Usually it started to rain in autumn. So that's the imperfect tense because it's describing what used to happen. Jelly on fonts to moon, jelly on false. So Vaughn, I used to go to France often. That's the imperfect tense because it's saying what you used to do using the word Soufan. You see Italian force and Gua, just presenting on false differ. I went to France twice. So Du Bois is in the left-hand column. So you have to use the present perfect tense because it's talking about two unique occasions. Rather than saying what used to happen is on Dutch tea you and watch you. Andrew is untouched state in which you, one day they bought a car. That's the present perfect tense because it's talking about a one-off occasion. Is este nouvelle shack and knee. Is nouvelle watch you check any They bought a new car every year. Because that's talking about something that used to happen every year. You use the imperfect tense. Maggie. Maggie, Eva. Marie came to England three times. That's the present perfect tense. Matthew veneer about hey, Luna, Andy, money when they are belly, Lula Andy Murray came to Paris on Mondays. So you're saying what she used to do. So you use the imperfect tense. So how would you say? Sometimes they traveled by train, but usually they traveled by plane. Get-go, Foie, if via G on time, maybe Zhe on Amazon. Good, good. Y. If Y or Z on Thom Mayne, that'd be it via an IV on. Suddenly the train arrived Sudan. Sudan to turn into dv. 103. 138n - practise with time indicators: How would you say in French? I tried to do it every day when I was younger. Just say heated affair to leisure capacity provision. Just say you did a fair to leisure conjugate pollution. He finally told us the truth. In Louisa D, on fun, levity into that Dionne fan of every day. I have only seen him once. Generally confer, generally view confer. They suddenly forgot all about that. Is on Sudan will lead to sun is on Sudan. R2a. We finally arrived at the house after midnight. New phones on fat or heavy at Amazon, I mean, we know Samsung or eBay and Amazon are preliminary. We occasionally worked in Paris, but not very often. No path patho a party may ne new travel path for about a month, pathways too long. Let me just point out that another way to see if you should use the imperfect tense or not in French is to put wood in front of the verb. In English. If it still means the same thing, then you use the imperfect tense in French. So in this sentence you can say, we occasionally worked in Paris, but not very often. We could put wood in there and say, we would occasionally work in Paris, but not very often. The word in that situation means it's what you used to do. So you can use the imperfect tense in French. New tab a young, we used to work or we would work, or we've worked. 104. 138o - practise with time indicators: How would you say in French? We always ate at this restaurant when we came to La Rochelle. New module two row has the OH, has to Hong Kong moving unilateral pneumonia as well as the Hong Kong Avenue and allow shin. So we use the imperfect because it's talking about what used to happen. So you could put youth two in front of the verbs and say, We always used to eat at this restaurant when we used to come to Lara shell. So if you can say used to, you have to use the imperfect in French. How would you say I think I paid you twice? You pause because you pay a differ. Japan's culture whose APA, the foie. They watched films in the evenings. Haggadah, the film Luftwaffe. Who got a feeling lists where she said she finished it on Monday. And id Kayla, funny lady. A lady, Kayla Finland D. They rarely made dinner. You have more leucine, you have more lugging. A he rarely saw his family. How most FMI, if Hamas a family. All of a sudden she changed her mind to Danko electrons EDV, to then Qu Zhe divey. She rarely went to the dentist. Lle hammer, Sheila, don't East, LA, Mozilla, don't taste. 105. 138p - practise with time indicators: How would you say in French? They started at 08:00 on Mondays. E-commerce say a width, a little handy. E-commerce say lowland D. All of a sudden I heard lots of people to them. Qu Xian, don't do book, could pass on to them. Cool J on to undo book. Good person. She came here three times last week. Any venue we see less than men then yeah. La venue is the 12th. Well, as men Daniela, he tried to do it several times. It's a usual affair. Produce here for ELA, SATA, easier for. They've seen this film three times. Is on VC 12th one is on views the film 124. So when you're talking about the past tense, is you can say used to. Or if you can say was over, then you have to use the imperfect tense. Otherwise, you should use the present perfect tense. And you can use those words and phrases on the time indicators list to help you to decide which tends to use when you're talking about the past. 106. 138q - depuis + present tense: Now here's a word you'll hopefully recognize from ages ago. The tree. The tree. It means since debris. And remember that in French, if you want to say something like, I've been living here for three months, you make the whole sentence a lot simpler. And you use the word Dupree. You will say GB, TC, deplete one more. Yeah, BTC, the pre term one. That literally means I live here since three months. But in English we would say, I've been living here for three months. This is because the grammatical structure that we have in English, which is, I've been in, doesn't exist in French. Similarly, if you want to say, how long have you been living here? You would say in French? The pre-comp, Abby, Dave, we see the pre-cum, I believe we see which literally means, since when do you live here? But in English we say, How long have you been living here? So you would translate GLBT, see the preterm one, diabetes, see the tweet1 one. As I've been living here for three months. Or debris, IB2, about the pre-comp a bit to appellee. How long have you been living in Paris? Here is the English structure compared to the French structure side-by-side. In English, you would say, have you been in four plus the time? In French, you just use the present tense plus the word Dupree plus the time. How would you say in French, How long have you been working at the hotel? Have I do I love the pre-comp who? I've been working here for a year. As you travel, you see the pre unknown. You'd have IEC, the piano. We've been living here for two weeks. Lose IV tone is see the producer men news. I'd be totally see the man solitary. It means we live here since two weeks. 107. 138r - depuis + imperfect tense: In this lesson so far, we've had due to, which means at all. Or pad U2 means Not at all. No par means not or don't means nothing or not anything. No. Means no longer or not anymore. No clue. Plus a noun means no more of that noun. Dupree means, since you can use it in sentences like jet on the pre, which means I've been waiting for an hour. Now the reason I brought up with debris again is because you can use it with the imperfect tense too. If you want to say something like, I had been working here for three weeks in French, you make it much simpler. And you say, I was working here since three weeks. Is your Tobii EC, the pretest men have AEC, the pre twice sum n. So literally it means I was working here since three weeks. But in French we say I had been working here for three weeks. So you use the imperfect tense plus, plus a time phrase. Pierre IBT on omelet there. The pre digital Pierre IBT along the tail. The pre-digital Pierre had been living in England for two days. Or literally, Pierre was living in England since two days. You don't say had been in for, in French, you simply use the imperfect tense with the word Dupree. You say had been in plus four plus of time. In English. In French, you use the imperfect tense plus the pre, plus a time. How would you say Pierre had been speaking for 3 h pierre ballet? Pierre by lay the pre-transition, Marie had been traveling for two days. Vijay the pre-digital, Marie via j, the pre-digital. I had been working at the restaurant since 1989. You to have a yay or Hester home. The primitive gut tube and nef is you'd have a yay or has the home the premier live some caravan Neff 108. 138s - soudain / soudainement: How would you say in French? They had been waiting for the bus for 30 min when suddenly it arrived. On daily abuse, the tante minute Sudan IV is at on daily basis, the peritoneum Inuit constant down in Italian movie. There are actually two words in French that can both mean suddenly. They are very similar, but there's a slight difference. The two words are Sudan and South Sudan. Sudan. Sudan mom. So they both mean suddenly. Obviously, Sudan mom looks more like the adverse we're used to seeing since it ends in MEN t, which is the equivalent to the English suffix LY. But Sudan can also mean suddenly. The pronunciation is very similar. But in Sudan, it ends in an R sound, Sudan. But then when you have an e after the EIN, it changes the pronunciation to n, Sudan, Sudan, Sudan. Sudan, Sudan more. Now, Sudan means suddenly. When it means that it was unexpected. If you can replace suddenly with all of a sudden, in French, you can use Sudan. Sudan mon means suddenly when the action itself happened quickly and swiftly. If you can replace the word suddenly with quickly, then you can use Sudan mom. If in doubt, I would say you should use Sudan. It's used much more often than Sudan Mum anyway. Here are some examples. Jquery in letter a, Mary Sue down Zhongdu I13 Mulan. You let her marry, consu down on u and v along. That means I was writing a letter to Marie when suddenly I heard a violent scream. So you could say all of a sudden, when all of a sudden I heard a violent screen. So we use Sudan. Lavon, say Louvain, student mode. Lavon salivates Sudan more alap large. The wind rose suddenly on the beach. You could replace this with quickly. The wind rose quickly on the beach. So you'd say Sudan in French. So if you mean All of a sudden, you can say Sue down. If you mean quickly. You say Sudan mole, law Javier at the board needs to then mom live. Yeah. A debit of day student mount. The river, overflowed suddenly. 109. 138t - soudain / soudainement: We've just seen that there are two words for suddenly in French, Sudan and South Sudan mom, we said Sue down means suddenly in the sense of all of a sudden. Whereas Sudan mon means suddenly as in quickly. There's a nice explanation of the difference. In the onset COPD. We need the acellular, which is a huge French encyclopedia. It says, a lot goes through down the z neoliberal, scary. They are happy the date down fee. So then mom character is lemon yellow. I don't like Sudan. Sudan designee lab groups carry a lot of data and Fe, Sudan more characteristic, lemon yellow, don't like their whole. This means, whilst Sue down expresses the abruptness, the quickness of an event, student characterizes the way the action unfolds. Finally, the word Sue down can be used as an adjective as well as an adverb. When it's used to mean suddenly is an adverb, but as an adjective, it simply means sudden. E.g. Some more Sudan or donate to them on the sum of X2, then I don't need to Lamont. His sudden death stunned everyone. So when Sudan is feminine, it gets an E on the end and you pronounce it. So then another example is unchanged, more Sudan and showing small Sudan, a sudden change. Another thing to remember is that usually if you use the word Sudan, it goes at the start of a sentence. So how would you say the train suddenly arrived? Sudan Louboutin into EV, download a wj. So in French, Sudan goes at the start of the sentence, whereas in English you can say the train suddenly arrived or suddenly the train arrived. In French, you say Sudan, HIV. How would you say the children suddenly got up? Sudan liaison for so certainly they sue down liaison phosphorus only way. I don't know why, but suddenly he wants to become a Dr. didn't say pop of color. May Sudan, if we do veneer medicine, as you know, CPAP, aqua may Sudan if you do veneer medicine. So in this sentence, sue down, goes in front of the phrase is overdue veneer, medicine, service in front of that clause rather than at the start of the sentence. So I don't know why is sort of like an add-on. I don't know why boot is the first close. Suddenly he wants to become a Dr. certain French Sudan. If we do vanilla medicine. 110. 138u - practise with depuis: In this lesson so far we've had due to more pad U2, which means at all or not at all. Nipah means not or don't when you place it around the verb means nothing or not anything. Nuclear means no longer, not anymore, or no more. No clue. Plus a noun means no more of that noun. Dupree means since. Jet on the prisoner means I've been waiting for an hour. Jet on Data Preview now means I had been waiting for an hour. Sue down means suddenly or sudden. And it can mean suddenly when the action of P at abruptly Sudan more means suddenly when the action happened quickly. How would you say in French? He had been playing football for five years. Easy way of food, the pre sunken, easy way of food, debris sunken. They had been playing tennis since 2005. Israel foot, the predictable sank is UA or food debris domain sank. They had been watching the TV since 08:00 A.M.. Who got data? Tvm, the pre-heater. Della television, the pre-heater. When you say a sentence in the imperfect tense with the word Dupree, you can add a present perfect tense verb to it as well. E.g. in English, you can say things like, I had been studying for 4 h when he phoned in French. The first bit the I had been studying would be in the imperfect tense. The second bit when he phoned, would be in the present perfect tense. This is the same as we were looking at before when we said it was like a comic strip. The first scene shows what was happening. I had been studying. The second scene shows what changed when he found in French, you would say git to DA, the pre cata container telephony, J2, da db, we get her telephony. I had been studying for 4 h when he found. Another example would be new that on your own Dupuytren's minute. It'll TV. Knows that on the other pretend minute, call neutron into TV. We had been waiting for 30 min when the train arrived. So new that we had been waiting is the imperfect tense. Latane WV. The train arrived is the present perfect tense. 111. 138v - imperfect + present perfect: How would you say in French? Yesterday, I had been at a library for 2 min when I saw Pierre. Yeah. Bibliotheque, we do mean it contribute PM. Yeah. Bibliotheque, the predominate consumer, UPF. I had been waiting in the cafe for 20 min when somebody told me there wasn't any coffee. Jet on day alike cafeteria, the prevent minute concave Command D, pad Cafe, just on data cafeteria to prevent mean you'd come get gamma D pad cafe. I had been wanting to speak to you since Monday. You've relate to ballet, the Pre-R&D. You've labeled ballet the pre-lab. It had been raining for 2 h when we decided to go home. To elevate, the producer can do dive on DCD deletion or elevate. The producer knew that one day CD, Dalai Lama, Islam. We had known John for six months when she returned to Paris. New policy agenda, depressing one, container, hedonia, battery, new connessione Jan depressing one, cone hotel knee up and they had been living in most say, for two weeks when I saw them for the first time. I must say the predicts, the main conservative view Poli premia for is EBITDA must say that we do some main concern is if you pull up, pull me Alpha. So we put an S on the end of view because it's referring to them. I saw them. You're lazy view. 112. 138w - imperfect + present perfect: How would you say in French? You have been wanting to come with us for several years to view live in yet how they can know the pre money will be a veneer of ignore the pre mRNA. He had been waiting for John for an hour when she finally arrived. Electron Dijon do presuming they're continuing on Phase IV. Electron Dijon, the presumed continue on fire IV. Edward had been living abroad for two months when he called me. Eduardo Abi Talib, translate the pre, do more rapidly. Adwa Abdallah translate the freedom what content rapidly. Pierre had been scheme for several years, but he stopped because it was too expensive. For z do skied the precludes ear honey may easy to rotate past torture. Pf is they do CKY the precludes your Annie May, is it a red tape as crusade they torture. Charles had been studying English for three years when he came to London for the first time. Shall HUD lonely Dupuytren's on cantilever new alone hyperlipidemia for Cheryl HUD a long labor if we twice on quantitative and new alone hyperlipidemia for he had been sad for two days. Either decrease the pre-digital, the pre-digital. So in this lesson we've had due to or Purdue too, meaning at all or not at all. Nipah means not or don't know. Rhea means nothing or not anything. No clue. Means no longer. Not anymore, or no more. No plu plus a noun means no more of the noun. The pre means since jet on the prisoner, I've been waiting for an hour. Just on data prisoner. I had been waiting for an hour. Sudan means sudden or suddenly if the action appeared abruptly. Sudan mon means suddenly if the action happened quickly. 113. 138x - une douzaine (de): Here's your next word for this lesson. You induce n. Choose n. It means a dozen or about 12. Does then. How would you say in French? I would like it doesn't induce and induce. Then there are about 12 ilia losing Ilia inducing. Pierre needs around 12 Pierre abuse, one. Do you induce in Pierre abuse wondering do then when you use the word, you lose n with a noun, e.g. a. Dozen eggs. In French, you need to put the word in front of the noun. It's almost as if you're saying a dozen of eggs. We sometimes do a similar thing in English. If you said e.g. dozen of those eggs, you could say a dozen of those eggs. But in French, whenever you want to put it now and after indoors, then you have to put the word in front of the noun, e.g. you've wound may induce, then you would re, induce endif I would like it doesn't eggs. Literally, I would like a dozen of eggs. They induce them to person j. Then the person. There were a dozen people, or there were about 12 people. Gmos, one do news then the poem, J Bruce, want, do those end the poem? I need around 12 apples. So how would you say in French? I've seen pierre a dozen times today. Jay VPN induce, then the file should be JVP inducing the flower should be Pierre gave Murray a dozen red roses. Pierre add-on am actually induce, end the host, which Pierre add-on am actually induce. And the host rules. 114. 138y - des dizaines: In this lesson so far, we've had due to two, meaning at all or not at all. And around a verb mean not or don't know. Leon means nothing or not anything. No clue. Means no longer. Not anymore or no more. No clue. The plus a noun means no more of the noun. The pre means, since the prisoner means I've been waiting for an hour. Just on data prisoner. I had been waiting for an hour. Sudan means sudden or suddenly if the action appeared abruptly. Sudan mon means suddenly when the action happened quickly. Do zen means a dozen or about 12. And Hindus and death means a dozen eggs. So literally you say a dozen of eggs. The word dose n means doesn't, or about 12, but the usage of dozen is a funny one in English. In English, we say things like there were dozens of people there. But in French, generally, they don't use dozens when talking about lots of something. It all comes down to the imperial system traditionally used for counting in English, particularly in the UK. In the UK, traditionally, everything was split up into 12, 12 " in a foot, 12 old pennies in a shilling. However, in France, they use the metric system, which is all to do with tens. In French, rather than saying dozens and dozens, they say tens and tens. In French, you can use the suffix a, I, and II after any number to say about that amount. So dues in is literally about 12. But in French you would say these n, These n to mean about ten. Induce n, choose n means about 12. You can zoom in, in cans in about 15. Inventing, Inventing about 20. In taunting, in tante in about 30. You encounter, when you encounter in about 40. In sand content. Sand content, about 50 units, twice on thin thin, about 60 in Staunton, insolent in about 100. So I was just saying that in English, we tend to say dozens and dozens to mean lots and lots. But in French, you tend to say that these N ADD is n, which means tens and tens. E.g. DD is n ADD, then the person that is n ADD then the person dozens and dozens of people, literally tens and tens of people. That is then the lever they descend. The liver doesn't have books. Literally tens of books. This on ten Tao bar, this on ten Doppler, hundreds of trees. If you're being specific, when you say doesn't, you can use those n If you mean literally a dozen, e.g. J. J to adduce endosteal means I have three dozen pens, which way I have 36 pins. But if you're just saying that you have lots of pens, you can say J, they descended below. J, they descend below. I have dozens of pens, or literally I have tens of pins. Jds end. Still. In English we say dozens and dozens. In French you say tens and tens. Then ADD is n. 115. 138z1 - une trentaine: How would you say in French? There are dozens of people outside the person, the ilia, DDS then the person. So when you mean dozens and just talking about a lot of people, you say in French tens. There are tens of people outside in the RDDs. And the person, though, there are dozens of restaurants in narrow shell. Iliad, the descender Hester home allow shell. They descend, the rest are hung. A lack of shell. I've seen dozens of monuments today. Jay view, the Ds and the monument Ogilvie, JVD descend the monumental should be. He said he's spoken to dozens of people this week. Lady killer apparently added these end the sun sets the men. Only. Are they descend the best songs? That's the mean. How would you say, I have given you dozens of opportunities. You take any DDS end up opportunity. You lose it on a DDS end up opportunity. As I said, you can add the suffix to the end of any number to say about that amount. In content. Taunting means around 30 or so. If you want to use a noun after this, you have to use the little word do in front of the noun. You in content, the best SUN. Content, the best one. Around 30 or so people. If a number ends in letter E, like tante, you have to remove the E before you can add the a and E. And that's why you get content. So content means about 30 or around 30 or so. 116. 138z2 - the suffix "aine": Say you can add the letters a, e to the end of a number to mean around that amount. E.g. you in a week then in week ten means around eight. These n, These n, around ten induce n, inducing around 12 in Kansas, n in Kansas in around 15. Inventing, you invent in around 2010, in taunting around 30. Encounter when encountering around 40 in sand content. In some content, around 50. Swash on tin. Tin, around 6010 units on ten, around 100. Now because the suffix Ai, n, e or n is used to mean an approximation, you tend to only use it with round numbers, meaning numbers in the ten times tables. However, there is an odd one out. And that's if you want to say around 1,000, you say I'm merely a ameliorate. That means around 1,000. You can put any number in front of me. So you can have Dimitri do mediate means around 2000. We have to do is put an S on the end of mediate. Do mediate, or twice means around 3,000. How would you say in French? He came with around 100 friends. 11 you are vacancies on ten, Danny. 11, you have a green Santander me. I paid around 50 or raise GPA in some content, DO GPA in sand content the whole. I know about 20 people here. You're inventing the best honesty. You invented the brushless DC. 117. 138z3 - practice with -aine: How would you say in French, there were about 30 doctors in the room. Emv, in the mid sand on asylum. In the medicine. There are about 1,000 people on the beach. Ilia unmediated the axon swell up large. Ilia ameliorated vessels will oblige. We know dozens of people in Paris, new connoisseur, DDS then the person about a nucleosome, the decent person. I can see dozens of black cars. Why did these in the wet year on where you've where did these endometrium where we spent about 20 days abroad last year. New davon per se, inventing the Zhou highlight tones Gilani, Danielle. That one by say, inventing the jewel tones Gilani then yeah, Marie has bought about ten pairs and about 20 bananas. Mary ash, they indice end, acquire a, inventing the man. Ash they tend to bind and I would like to doesn't apples please. You will delay. Then the palms into play. You would do then the poem Cebu play. This means literally to doesn't mean 2047. This situation you would say do then rather than these n, because you're talking about a specific amount. 118. 138z4 - practice with -aine: How would you say in French? They spent about 15 days in most say, is on per se in cans. Then the Zhou Hamas say is on passe in cans individual hammer say. It said that there are about 40,000 restaurants in Paris on D T accounts mediator has to her about any account mediator has to home. So Anika literally means one says that, but you can use it to mean, it is said that in this lesson we've had due to or bad U2, meaning at all or not at all. Nipah goes around a verb to mean not or don't know, means nothing or not anything. Nope, blue means no longer. Not anymore, or no more. Pleasant noun means no more of that noun. Dupree means, since you can use it with the present tense to say things like, Jeff, I've been waiting for an hour. Or you can use it with an imperfect tense to say things like jet on day the preview. Now, I had been waiting for an hour. Sudan means sudden or suddenly if the action appeared abruptly. Sudan more means suddenly if the action happened quickly, you induce N means a dozen or about 12. You induce the in-depth means a dozen eggs. They descend. Means dozens of literally it means tens of ten, means around 30. You in Staunton means around 100, and Emilia means around 1,000. 119. 138z5 - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in French? They don't like playing tennis at all. Your name Padua to openness in them pass away or tennis due to we don't visit Paris anymore because everything is too expensive there. Nunavik, little blueberry, vasco to a tertiary law. No, No visit on blueberry pass go to a tertiary color. They had been working at the hotel for two weeks when we visited. Have a yea alone. If we do some in Canada won't visit day. It have a yellowtail to produce the main Kanazawa MBCT. Suddenly it started to rain. Sudan. Sudan. Upload what I would like to do next, please. I'm making some cakes. You vote. The dues, end of silver play. As you fade it get to you voted do-do then the silver play, your favorite ghetto. She doesn't have any more cheese. In that period of homage. Pluto format. There is nothing at all in the fridge. In ERV undo too, don't go around due to donut for you. I don't want anything at all. Univariant due to univariant due to when I saw Murray, she told me that she had been living in Paris for two years. Conceiving MID kilobit their body. The pre doesn't convey verbally MID kill Abby about the prednisone. There are about 15 people at my house and they don't want to leave. Iliac in cans in the best-known chamois, a integral. Here. Iliac in Kansas, the person chamois, a bad bacteria. 120. 138z6 - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What are these friends sentences mean in English? The pre-cum at on the syllabus quantitatively, the pre-comp add-on, Digital Abuse, congenital AV. How long had you been waiting for the bus when it arrived? Sudan. Any party, someone Sudan in a path D somewhere. She suddenly left without me. In a bad dude to LEO, cinema in Padua to LA or cinema. They don't want to go to the cinema at all. Naturally the shampoo at this point Ebola lot, they'll naturally the sharper this point nebula. The hotel doesn't have any more rooms available. In Na'vi emoji. Emoji. He hasn't eaten anything. New novel and ELA, new novel on plu, ELA. We no longer want to go there. Is your, as they say. I don't know anymore. New venue only see two unknown new video today. Lun De Dupuy, unknown. We have been coming here every Monday for a year. Jd Japan lay awake, Indies and the person Samantha Zhi De Japan lay a vacuum. These and the best also matter. I've spoken with about ten people this morning already. Ilia, they descend the kapha don't last. Shambhala. Ileal disease in the cafe has been shown, but there are dozens of cockroaches in the room. 121. 138z7 - let's recap - English to French: Now let's do some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How would you say in French? Are you going to try some cheese? Vat USA, you do formers, deformers. That is absolutely delicious. Sas it absolute. Mm, DD, steer, SAS it absolute. Mondelez. You. What are they going to do tomorrow? Good. Wanting fell Duma, wanting found among Murray and Sophie look like each other a lot. But Marie isn't safe. His twin. Money is a feast. The Hassan blue beaucoup, MIMO, nibble as you made Sophie Sophie saga book CPU, memory, nipple as humans do Sophie, I'm younger than Pierre, but I'm older than Sophie. Just preclusion could Pierre may just be pretty view because Sophie just be plugin called Pierre Major three preview because Sophie, sometimes Pierre likes to come with me but he's too busy today. Calligrapher, PFM veneer of ECMO may even Topo could be or should we go flat, Pierre and veneer havoc moire may even topically bells would be. Do you want to go skiing with my family and me next month? Thank you. Ski epic methylome a myeloma Pasha. Who found new ski of ectothermy a myeloma Pasha. Why are you going in the car? It isn't very far from here, so we can walk. Bigquery about you and what you see in a battlefield when you see Don Knuth coupons and they API levels labels on what you, suny Battelle, Wendy see newborns LA API. We hope to go to the supermarket tomorrow morning. News, I stay home. La, oh, supermarket, the momentum. Balance. I lay all supermarket, the mammoth dung. Murray left the key somewhere in the room. Maggie Alessi likely can go back and don't let Sharma. Maggie, Alessi like click and go back and don't lie. Sharmila. 122. 138z8 - let's recap - French to English: Now let's do some French to English recap translations. What do these friends sentences mean in English? In a fatty gated presuming someone in a tougher to get the presumed sermon. He has been very tired for a week. Mba, hotel a widow. I'm BJ, and then hotel a withdrawal. A return ticket is €8. Jason called Catalan, may seem on any value less than men pushing. Yes. Sunken catacomb. Miss him on any of our last main portion. I'm 54 years old, but it's my birthday next week. General impact comes down. It they may happen. Is your net impact on SIT They may have on I didn't like it like that. It was better before ME. Bupa, silicone, snowman, more. Women as they live, icons know Malmo. Where do you like to spend the holidays normally? Exhibit one dash take echo shows or super mouseY. Jb was one dash take echo shows all super mouseY. I need to buy something at the supermarket. Ableism pair may enable Shelby L. Apuleius on pair may be partially. She was calling her dad, but he wasn't at home. Let Danielle good news. I want more GEC Illinois to already delete Syriza that down near flat canoes upon more GEC. There no heat to it they did is use. The last time we hear the food was delicious. Sha-2, too vague. Anger shows up. Very poor. Lenny, their stated amount. Eva SHA-2, too vague. Anger shows up. But I never said normally. He's going to try to find something in Paris for Mary's birthday. Motherhood, small, little histo home, not bad. A tablet this point, nebular matter, how small your histone iPad, a tablet this point. Unfortunately, the restaurant doesn't have any tables available. 123. 139a - Comprehension exercise part 1: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learned in the last lesson. How would you say in French? Not at all. Due to know or don't know? Nothing or not anything. New. No longer or not anymore. Going No more. No more plus a noun. Since Dupree? I've been waiting for an hour. Yet done the presume there. I had been waiting for an hour. Yet on day the prisoner sudden or suddenly Sudan. Suddenly, when you're talking about the action happening quickly. Sudan mom doesn't, or about 12 in a dozen eggs. You induce endif, dozens of these Enda, around 30 in content, around 100, in Staunton, around 1,000. I'm merely a comprehension exercise. This lesson's text is a short questionnaire about somebody's eating habits. There are four questions and for answers. The first one is case. Could you emoji aqua open the DNA, Shamata GMOs? They sell a BWA. Do is you go home, mom plop heavily, seller pool a, freight, gender or CLI pizza. You don't fit. You basically allow pizzeria weekend. 124. 139b - Comprehension exercise part 2: The second question goes to emoji. Yes, We're just because I don't see them on anywhere here. Gmo j du Palais a DRE, airplay on emoji do get to. The third question, is, good, more stupid, on-farm. Humans. Book could legume free. Yeah, politician, a, GMO, J, d plus some even salad. Demand. You babe, Wow, book who do pascals? Yeah, match the food. And then the fourth question goes, it gets good, tune them up. Mozi. Janine pile of homage, Vasco said TO far issue, they taste delicious. Land area near Jay Gould Taylor cafe, Mason at the backbone, Professor Lucia color. So let's have a look at what the first question meant. It gets good. 2m Mozi aqua case could do MOG Pacquiao. This means, what do you like to eat? Why? This question is using the esco version of structure one. An alternative way to ask this question would be the inversion of 2M instead of using esco. So you would get Kim to Mozi box, came to emoji aqua, which also means What do you like to eat? Why? The person who answers this question start by describing their breakfast. Open division a shack Martin, J Mozi, they sell a digital homes or put it in a shack matter. Gmo G, They say a BWA, digital loans. At breakfast each morning. I like to eat cereal and drink orange juice. We know all the words in this sentence. So it's just a nice sentence for revising some vocabulary. They then go on to say, mom, plop, plop have array, cell proliferate. My favorite dish is fried chicken. You might not have seen the word before. It means coarse or dish or platter. E.g. look at passive loop plop. It means the main course. Sampler, loop portion, plan. The next course. And then the phrase, pull a freight is one you may not have seen before either. It's actually just a chicken and chips dish or french fries. But it looks a lot like the phrase for fried chicken. But Les Paul, if it means chicken and chips, look fully free, means Fried Chicken. The next sentence goes, gender, hostility, pizza, fit you basically alla pizzeria weekend. Jack Dorsey, la pizza a unfit you visually. I like pizza here weekend. This means I also love pizza. And in fact, I'm going to go to the pizzeria this weekend. There's a useful phrase in that sentence on fit, unfit. It means in fact or actually. 125. 139c - Comprehension exercise part 3: So the first question was talking about likes in general. The second question is talking about the past tense. It's guess, get you emoji. Yes, We're good to emoji. Yes, We're what did you eat last night? Again, this question uses the esco, construction of the past tense question. The other way to ask this question would be with inversion. Catch emoji, ESY, catch emoji, yes, Gua. What did you eat last night? The answer to this question starts with this sentence. Yeah, swab is used to easily. Those are Chinois Garcia team on anywhere else there? Yes. What you see is a lead on some historical Cassidy on anywhere else there? It means last night I went to a Chinese restaurant as it was my birthday. There's an interesting thing in this sentence. You will notice that they've put use to easily, don't. You just really don't. Which literally means I went in. When you are talking about going to a restaurant in French, you should really say to go in a restaurant. E.g. newsrooms are laid on them as the home nuisance Ellie knows or has the home. We went to a restaurant or literally we went in a restaurant. The next sentence in the answer goes, GMO j do play a, play on Amazon. You get to GMO j do Palais airplay on Amazon, you get to, it means I ate chicken and rice. And after we ate cake. This sentence is a good example of using the positive article. It doesn't use the definite article because that would mean I ate the chicken and the rise. But you want to imply that you ate some chicken and summarize, so there's a duplicate, a DRE. The next question is, good. Most people at home farm, good voice to play at home phone, which is a present tense question. And it means what do you eat to be in shape? Good moisture pupil at home farm. The phrase eta on farm can mean to be in shape or also to get in shape. We have already learned stay on form, which means to stay in shape. Another thing this question uses is the word boar. Boar eta, on-farm. In this sentence, it's placed in front of a verb. And it's used to mean in order to get more stupid eta and farm, what do you eat in order to stay in shape? You could also ask this question using the esco alternative. Guess could do more square term pharm casts, could do more support at home far. What do you eat to get in shape? The word farm means shape or form. In most senses of the word. It's a feminine noun. Kenny, law firm, the setup Zhe, Kayla form the set of Zhe. What is the shape of this object? Electron plain foam, electron plant farm. He is in great shape. 126. 139d - Comprehension exercise part 4: The first sentence to answer the question is, your mom's book could give him a free humans book could leg in a different way. I eat lots of vegetables and fruits. That's a pretty simple first sentence. The next one is equally as simple. Poorly-designed a GMO algae do poisson, a salad? Yeah, polygyny, GMO j do poisson, even salad. Yesterday for lunch, I ate some fish and a salad. Then the final sentence for this question is, demand is UVB wow, book who do Basque region matched the food demands? Uvb, Weibo could do pascals Yan much the food. Tomorrow. I'm going to drink lots of water because I have a football match. The final question is, guess, could you named Pamela G? Good to name Pamela j. What don't you like to eat? So it's a negative question. And again, it uses the esco style. If you want to ask the same question with inversion rather than with esco, you would say, couldn't MTBE emoji? Name2, Pamela G, What don't you like to eat? The answer is quite simple, but there are a couple of useful words that we can learn from it. You name pile of homage, basket, say tougher issue. They test leash on pinion, land area and yeah. Kathy Mason, that the Bible is you prefer neutral color shoe. Unm pile of homage, Petsko say tougher issue, they taste like jumping, you learned and yeah, Jay Gould tailored Kathy Mason and the baboon. You prefer on the show glass shoe. This means I don't like cheese because it's too strong. And I hate mushrooms. Last year I tasted coffee but it wasn't good. I prefer hot chocolate. We have the word far. Far, which means strong. E.g. sit and gas so far. Sit on gasoline far. He's a strong boy. A far. More FOR their love is strong. The word means strong, but you can also say for on, which can be used to mean good at all. It's really strong in e.g. it used to be far home Matt, just be far on Matt. I'm good at maths or literally, I'm strong in maths. Or Sydney live a foreign Francais. They live on a farm fancy. This pupil is good at French. The opposite too far on is movie, which means bad at e.g. in a movie on Matt, in a movie on mat. And then the last way that we should look at is the verb, good day, which means to taste. E.g. to do very good data cuisine. To goodDay, that cuisine. You should taste your cooking or whatever would this Yvonne. Good taste server. You want to taste this wine. So that was the comprehension exercise for this lesson. Perhaps you could have a go at answering the questions yourself. You can use the answers that we've just read through as a structure for your own. Or if you're feeling more confident, you can have a go at answering them completely by yourself. You can always come back to them at another time. Have a go at answering them with the other answers first and then come back in a week or so and have a go at answering them without any prompts. Anyway. Let's get on with the lesson. 127. 139e - faire le ménage: Here's your first phrase for this lesson. Fair luminaires. Luminous. It means to do the housework, fair menarche. So how would you say in French, who did the housework? Key? I failed to manage TFA Lumina. I've been doing the housework for 2 h. You fail. You may knowledge the free dessert. You fail, you may knowledge the Desert. I'm doing the housework. You fail, you manage your luminaires. The phrase fair luminol means to do the housework. But you can also use it to mean to clean up or to tidy up. E.g. is your Lumi knowledge domain. If you fail to my knowledge domain, this means I'm tidying up my bedroom. Literally. I'm tidying up in my bedroom. How would you say then? We have to clean up new div unfair Lumi nudge, new, luminous. We're having a clear out this week. New phasor domain knowledge that some in new phase only Manoj set some n. Can you help me do the housework? But you may day affair, gloomy knowledge. Prove Eve who may. They are fairly Manoj. They're going to do the housework together. Yvonne fail to manage ensemble. Yvon felt Lumina ensemble. 128. 139f - (in order) to: How would you say in French? I wasn't doing the housework unit visit pallor Manoj. You didn't fizzy pallor menarche. They haven't started to do the housework yet. In nonbasic of commerce, they are found in me knowledge in Bangkok common say a fairly Manoj. He is doing the housework for you. Fellow menarche patois. Failure. May Nash proven why was she doing the housework? Visit Illumina. Illumina. Now let's have another look at a word we've learned before. Poor. Poor. It means in order to, literally it means for poor. You can use the word poor in French to mean in order to, whenever you say that you're doing something, in order to do something else, you have to put poor in front of the second verb. E.g. you based on false Beauvoir Pierre. You based on false Beauvoir PF. I'm going to France to CPS, or literally I'm going to France in order to see very often in English, we don't use the in-order part. We just say two. I'm going to France to CPA. However, you must always say poor in French if it is possible to say, in order to an English, UV shame what poor fellow Manoj, you, Vishal, more poor fellow menarche. I'm going home to do the housework. I'm going home in order to do the housework. Italy, or try vie for bi-layer Marie Pierre, Italy or tie viper polyamory. Pierre went to work to speak to Marie, or Pierre went to work in order to speak to Murray. So if you can say in order, then you have to say poor in French, in front of the verb. 129. 139g - practice with "pour": How would you say in French? We went to the cinema to watch a film. Neutrons LA or cinema. But, oh my god, they unfit him. Neutrons LA or cinema. But who got the I'm feeling he was working quickly in order to leave early. Hey, Happy Tmall, both Battier to it have I have in both bacteria to Murray went to France to find Pierre Marie Italian farms poor Toby Pierre Marie Italian fonts for two-way Pierre. They're going to London to buy a new car. Alonzo. You knew what you want. Alonzo, you knew what you, the French word for Queen is n r e i n e. So how would you say, we are waiting here to see the queen? Now that you see of wireline. Wireline. He bought flour to make a cake. State law, foreign buffer hunger to elastic Laughlin both there and get to to go there. You need to take the bus. But to have this one, the Pantone abuse. But he LA was added this one, the Pantone abuse. 130. 139h - practice with "pour": How would you say in French? I'm reading this book. To learn French. You need to leave her older Francais. You Lisa, leave her perhaps older Francais. I'm going upstairs to get into bed. Uvs on Obama metro or your month, Allie Bowman, mentally. I'm going to the bathroom to have a wash. You've either, unless I'll do bound formula V, you evade on us algebra formula V. So literally you say, I'm going in the bathroom to have a wash. How would you say I did it to help you? As you play football today? July 5th, boat with ID. You're here to learn to AUC PO happen into DC Po Hippolyta. They called to tell me that they have arrived. Is on that ballet. Bombardier keys on tiny v is on the upper lip or media keys on tiny. They literally are saying they called in order to tell me that they have arrived. You put the word poor in front of the second verb, if you can say in English, in order to. So they called in order to tell me is on tabulate for media. 131. 139i - une tâche: Here's a new word for you. In dash. Dash. It means a tool in touch. So how would you say in French, the children have lots of chores. Liaison, phone on beaucoup, the dash lays on phone on book quoted dash. I don't want to do my chores. You invert buff F dash is you never bath their mid dash. Marie hasn't finished her chores yet. Marina peduncle finished the dash. Maggie, now pass on golf Feeney, say dash. The word dash. It can mean chore or task in French. E.g. set you in touch, DVC. Sit you in touch. Dvc means it's a difficult task. Now, I just wanted to take this opportunity to point out the little circumflex accent on top of the a in touch. It's important that you remember to put that accent on because without it, the word dash becomes dash. And it has a whole different meaning. In touch with the circumflex accent means a chore or a task. In touch. Without the accent means a stain or a mug. The pronunciation is the same, but the meaning is different. So without the circumflex accent on the a, you get Tasha, which means a stain or a mark in terms of a dirty mark that shouldn't be there. E.g. in serial sashimi is Isla Suo sashimi is he has a stain on his shirt. I tend to remember the difference by remembering what the circumflex accent means. Remember, we learned a very long time ago that a vowel with a circumflex accent on it means that they used to be an S after it. In fact, the circumflex accent was officially introduced into the French language in 17, 40 as a way to modernize the language and get rid of the silent Es. Generally, the English equivalent of these words still has an S after the vowel. E.g. onset. Onset means ancestor. Orbital. Orbital means hospital. Phi. Phi means forrest. Cool. Cool Means cost. Or tea. A hot tier means to roast. So if you imagine putting an S after the letter that has the circumflex accent on top. It can sometimes help you to work out what it might mean. Well, this can mean paste, pastry or pasta. Chateau. Chateau means castle. They good tone. They don't mean disgusting. Means I'll get. Get means conquest. Bet. Bet means beast. Just FYI, Beauty. And the Beast in French is lab, elaborate. And then one more of those words is dash. Dash, which means task. So you can remember that means task by imagining the little S after the a in the English word. If the circumflex accent isn't present, then you get dash, which means stain. 132. 139j - circumflex accent: How would you say in French, a very important task awaits Pierre. In Kaizen potent at Don Pierre in Thailand bought don't adopt Pierre. I know it's a boring job, but it's necessary. Did you say crusade to touch on reuse may be necessary? You say crusade to touch on reuse may be necessary. Lots of chores are waiting for me at home. Book would attach my tone the same one. Book called a dash McDonald's chamois. I've done five chores today. Gfa, sank dash, or should we say Sanctus shows would be, this task will not be easy. Set dash Nestor hypophyseal, said cash neutral hypophyseal. So in this lesson so far, we've had fair Lumina, which means to do the housework or to tidy up. Poor. Means in order to you in touch with a circumflex accent over the a means a task or a chore. You in touch without the circumflex accent means a stain or a mark. How would you say, Can I help you with your chores? Pooja today, evicted, dash, pleasure, boost their day about voltage. Instead of pleasure. For can, I don't forget, you can also use eschar and say you can say excuse you for can I ask because you put the day evicted dash or excuse you prove who they are. Vague vote ash. Pleasure is the inversion style and esco Super is the eschar version. And they both mean can I or may I. 133. 139k - passer l'aspirateur: How would you say in French? There are lots of stains. Beaucoup, the dash, Ilia book, who the dash. I can't see the screen anymore. You now have wet blue LED dash. June of web blue LED dash, literally in French, you say, I don't see the stain anymore. So you say, I don't see rather than I can't see. How would you say the stain isn't very big? Lattice named Patrick Honda. Lattice named Patrick Holland. How would you say? It's a very small stain, but I can see it. I said do in touch through repeated measure parabola. Or instead of saying as you put Lavoie, which literally means I can see it in French. You would hear more often. I see it. Sit you in touch typing, it, measure Lavoie. So you can say either all set you in touch typing, major pillar voir, or sit you in touch type of measure Lavoie. Now here's another phrase to do with housework. Per se, Les be hard to say last p hat two, it means to vacuum or to do the hoovering per se, less p-hat to literally it means to pass the Hoover or to pass the vacuum. So how would you say in French, have you vacuumed? You Betsy last BR2. Have evil. Patsy, last pair had to. Pierre Hoover this morning. Pierre up, I say lesbian, hard to Samantha. Pa or bacillus be hard to see my thumb. 134. 139l - un aspirateur: You might have guessed that the word for a vacuum is an SBA had to. So how would you say in French? I'm going to buy myself a vacuum UV mesh day and SBA had to use UV mesh, stay and ask her to PA got out the Hoover. As of t last peer to peer, SRT last BR2. The vacuum cleaner wasn't working very well. Let's be hard to know my shape path, right? Yeah, left behind to know my sheep attribution. I hoover up every day. You pass less be hard to shake you or you pass. Lesbian had to, to lead you. In this lesson so far we've had fair Lumina ash, which means to do the housework or to tidy up. Poor. Means in order to, in dash means a task or a chore. In touch without the circumflex accent means a stain or a mark. Per se. Les be R2 means to vacuum or to hoover up. How would you say we don't have a vacuum cleaner? No novel that's been hard to. New Nevada, that's hard to. This isn't an ordinary Hoover. So see nipples and ASPE had to ordinary seen a pattern has been hard to ordinary. 135. 139m - chores: Chores. We've learned a couple of words and phrases in this lesson that are about household chores. I'm including a vocabulary expansion section at the end of this lesson with plenty more words and phrases for Jews. Have the pages handy for the next few translations, as we'll be using some of those words and phrases from the vocabulary expansion sheet. How would you say in French, who does the laundry? Key, key field LSE. Have you made the bed at you fail really? Have evil failure. Li I need to do the ironing, but I'm too tired. Jb is one the lower passage measures we talked about TDA. Jb is one. The lower passage Measures be tougher. Tj. There isn't any food in the fridge, so we need to go food shopping. In your pattern or hate to nullify go. Don't know zombies when the fairly costs in your pattern or hit your goal. Don't lose that ombudsman, the family cos I mowed the lawn this morning. Yet gone. Do you guys on my tongue is yet don't do like asthma, stomata. Can you tidy up the kitchen? Hygiene like cuisine, Puma Evo Jose, like cuisine. I haven't tired of this ****. You need Power BI is that Shimizu is you need power per say instead shimmies. 136. 139n - more chores: How would you say in French, Can you dry the dishes? Producer, she loves to be boosted shade lovers. Who normally makes dinner at your house? No, Malmo key pipa. Know, Malmo key pipette only Dinesh evil. I don't like dusting. You named a boost day. You name passive ***, stay clear the table. They say, let Diablo. They survey the children, lay the table. Usually. That'd be two liaison for MATLAB tabular. That'd be 2D liaison for metadata Abdullah. This next phrase is a useful one. Payout, do tone, bevel to do tone. It means to waste time. And you can put the word in front of the next verb. And it means to waste time doing something. In French, the expression to waste time, ink is peddler, do tone, or. In English, we have to use the ing form of the verb. However, in French, you simply use the infinitive after the word, e.g. parenthood. You Tong, a fairly Manoj pedal tone affair. Luminaires means to waste time doing housework. Due to upper layer Mary Bell due to a ballet Ameri. He wasted time speaking to Marie. Knows I won't tell due to obesity Liga news ever tell duty don't have visited lagger. We've wasted time visiting the train station. So badly. Do tone means to waste time doing something. 137. 139o - perdre du temps à: How would you say in French? I don't want to waste time. You invert that band. Hold it, don't you invert that they employed the tongue. So it's pale to do tone is to waste time. But when you have a negative phrase, Don't forget the word du becomes do. Because literally what you mean is, I don't want to waste any time. How would you say it's easy to waste time talking? Cfse will depend on your tongue. Apparently. Stay fast. Depend on you don't. Apparently. How would you say, I've wasted a lot of time today? It down new book could've done. Yet Bell do, but could I don't want you to be with the word book, cool. It's always beaucoup, de plus the noun, and never book will do. So. Beaucoup did tongue. It's the same with toll, meaning too much. If you wanted to say too much time, you would say toe down. So Jacque battle new book could or should we? We've wasted too much time doing this news. I want you to hold the tongue FSOC news. I won't do total time I fail to see or on a bound. On a bound do toward the FLC. See. How would you say they waste a lot of time talking? Bounded book, who the tone apparently it bound book could've done. Apparently. 138. 139p - perdre du temps à: How would you say in French? She waste time watching films every day. I hope I did a film to leave you. Do tone, I forgot the they feel truly Jew. I think we're wasting time, so we need to start now. You post a new petal. Don't do, don't, don't know zombies one to compensate methanol. Is you pause, can do Pell, don't, don't, don't do that one because one to compensate mantle. Now, why are you wasting time? To do don't they? Don't. We can't waste time. No, no proven pop out on the Dawn. New Napoleon pop out of the tongue. So this is another negative sentence. So it's Parenthood, did time, meaning we can't waste any time. Newnode, move on. Pep Band. How would you say he's doing it to waste time because he doesn't want to work. But bad road, you don't have a battle Newton Baskin number, but I don't want to waste time waiting for Michelle. You invert that path or the tone. Or Michelle. Hi, Michelle. 139. 139q - recap: How would you say in French? She doesn't waste time watching television. About pedal tone. I forgot they live television. And about padded tongue. I forgot it. I television. They were wasting time looking for the key bell tone or she actually likely LPL, they do, especially likely. In this lesson, we've learned fair lumen nash, which means to do the housework or to tidy up. Poor, means in order to, and you can place it in front of verbs in touch with a circumflex accent over the a means a task or a chore. In touch without the circumflex accent means a stain or a mug. Passe last p hat two means to vacuum or to hoover up. Literally to pass the vacuum cleaner. And parenthood, you don't means to waste time. And you can say to waste time doing something by saying bad or Duotone plus a verb. 140. 139r - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in French, I hate doing the housework. You, they test fair Lumina ash is you did test value Manoj. We're going to London to buy a house. News alone, alone type wash day in meson. News alone is alone. In Mason. She wanted to go to Paris to see the Eiffel Tower. Really about de Beauvoir. I totally failed Beauvoir, lottery fail. We have too many chores. New davon toward the dash knows I've been told that there's a stain on my shirt. Either. See a mushroom is Ilia in dash, serial mushroom is you want to hoover up. Would you Betsy less be hard to Vulli Bupa say less be hard to. I don't like wasting time. You named Pat be able to do. Is you named Pat Bamford? You don't. It's a boring chore, but I'm going to do it now. Sit you in touch and we use major velar felt mental Norm. Said doing dash only use measure Beta, mantle norm. I've already vacuum this morning. J DJ, less be hard to estimate done Zhe deja per se. Let's be hard to see my tongue. I don't have a vacuum cleaner, so normally I wiped the floor. You need pad. That's been hard to know. My mom just thriller solo unit by the SBA had to normal mode is just the soul. 141. 139s - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What did these French sentences mean in English? On a new book, cotangent, we don't honor this one, the Tobii mantle. On about new beaucoup, the tangent. We don't want our best one, the Tobii mantle. Now. We've wasted a lot of time today, so we need to work now. But you've said stash, set to touch. Can you see the stain? You pick bacillus be hard to receive, overlay. You pay per se, Les be hard to see. Bully. I can who've rope if you want? Judicial Fei Li manage judicial failure. Manoj. Have you already done the housework? I finished it dash don't EPS Ostia mountain man, Pierre, I finished it does not keep us out here. Montana. Pierre has finished his chores so he can go out now. J plus one, the whole Jima Sharma. Yeah, because the Jose mushroom. I need to tidy up my bedroom. Gain competence, metal metabolism. We play. Gillick competent Metella tablets is replay. Can somebody lay the table, please? Put your opacity machine. Purdue opacity machine. Can you iron my jeans? Key up here by leading a key up here by leading a. Who made dinner bell doable? Could apparently you about new book, could atone. Apparently. You have wasted a lot of time talking. 142. 139t - let's recap - English to French: Now let's do some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How would you say in French? They heard her yesterday. Yeah. Mandanten do. Yeah. Where do you want to go on holiday? Over to LA on backbones. Lan backbones. I love French wine, especially the red wine that don't live on fancy CO2 level, whose shadow? Louvain Francais still to live and who's it isn't good. It's absolutely extraordinary. So napalm bomb, is it absolutely more extraordinaire? Sunni? Pat Boone. He said absolutely more extraordinaire. Do you speak German or English? Pal, QL more warmly. Patently, Wu Elmo. Warmly. The pizza is very good. Lipids are a type on the lipids or a triple bond. I find it very difficult to read when everybody is here. You do need to Lamont DTC. You told credit facility Leah, controller modesty. See. He was giving the key to his sister when I saw him. Donate likely assessor conjunctive, you will donate a slave. You haven't, they paid the bill. Puppy. Puppy. Let me see on this wine is absolutely terrible. Server. It absolutely monetary, blue, Savannah, it absolute mode. 143. 139u - let's recap - French to English: Now let's do some French to English recap translations. What are these friends sentences mean in English? Until later. Until Latane. Did they take the train to Gua a preprinted upcoming Yahoo and what? Allie to draw a preprinted I premium blue Add what? Go straight on and then take the first variate on the right. You remap OK, the last soup, passcode, unison, patrilineal. Your upper teeth last soup, pascals, unison path Hebbian. You will, has brought me some soup because I don't feel very well. Have I get to have I get two. Where are you working? You like compounds. Idea is you lack compound. Caribbean. I understand her very well. Judas be passed off. Tea. Didn't see past of t Yeah. I didn't go out yesterday. I wanted I wanted a look. Tell what time are they going to arrive at the hotel. I've removed that birthday, the passport. Woo hoo that party lip as Paul havoc moon. Did you bring the passports with you? With the elite There? It is. 08:00. In facial or should we use visual imagery? It's warm out today. 144. 140a - Comprehension exercise part 1: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learned in the last lesson. How do you say in French to do the housework or to tidy up fair luminaires in order to pour a task or a chore in touch with a circumflex accent over the a, a stain or a mark. You in touch with. No accent over the a. To vacuum or to hoover up. Passe last BR2. To waste time doing something. Parenthood U-turn plus a verb. Comprehension. This lesson's text is an advert for a house that's for sale. It goes meson, avant endemism and DVD UL LI companion, or they can be fantastic and cones yada, laminar zone, I please the sanctum may elect the complete more. Nov. Oh hey, the show say, go on decreasing madame, cell loss, pursue a convertible cell emoji, do on daily. A VC or pulmonary damage, ghetto Shambhala do sell davon or they could do SHE does attach conduct T on beer hall. Gohyange are done. A complete APA key on the discern tone. Let's have a look now at what this text means. Nissan. Nissan of Andhra means house for sale. Nissan means house. And the phrase avant means for sale. You will sometimes see assigned with just avant on it to mean for sale. Sit Mason. Mason at Avant. This house is for sale. About the avant-garde. About them on avant. Apartment for sale in meson oven or do not cover you. Ilia, it may zone avant, do not talk to you. There is a house for sale on our road. The first sentence of the advert goes in Bellamy zone and DVDs at a companion. A vague view, fantastic and Gonzaga in betamethasone and even UL, LI Campania Avik. Fantastic AN Gonzaga. This means a beautiful detached house in the countryside with a fantastic view and a big garden. This text is an advert, so it doesn't really have any verbs as it's written in a note style. So literally it means a beautiful detached house in the countryside with fantastic view and a big garden. But there are some nice words and phrases in a sentence that we can add to our vocabulary in meson and DVDs. In Mason, and even means a detached house, literally an individual house. And the phrase Allah companion, la Campania means in the countryside. And you can use it to describe anything being in the countryside. So you could say Judaism by cos alpha companion, e.g. I'm going on holiday in the countryside. Sometimes learning one word can lead to other words. In meson, zoom lay. In meson generally means a semi detached house. Or meson, meet YN. In meson, me to I n means a terrorist house. 145. 140b - Comprehension exercise part 2: The next sentence of the advert goes, Lamisil. I produced a on May the complex small renovate Lemmy zone. I pleased to Santo may take complete mum renovate. This means the house is more than 100 years old, but it has been completely renovated. The adjective or NOV means renovated, and it comes from the verb I NOV, meaning to renovate. E.g. UV handle, handle villa premier attach dynamism is UV and the handle V lab put me on a dash. Dilemma isn't I have just renovated the first floor of the house. So remember that as UV undo means I've just done something and you can put an infinitive after it. The next sentence goes on to say, Oh hey the show see Gone cuisine, modern, salon specific to a comfortable, sad emoji view. Only a VC or head to show C gone cuisine, Madame salon specific to a comfortable sad emoji belonged to a VC. This means on the ground floor, big modern kitchen, spacious and comfortable living room, dining room, utility room, and toilet. So this sentence is useful for looking at the names of different rooms in the house. It's also good for seeing how some adjectives, such as gone, go in front of nouns, but the rest come after. We have gone cuisine. But then more down comes after Gawande cuisine. Madame means big modern kitchen. So the adjective comes in front of cuisine and Madame comes after it. But in English we put them all in front big modern kitchen. The next sentence is similar in that it talks about more rooms in the house. Or pulmonary heritage catalog, Shambhala, rebound effect ******. Do see a metallic combat T on bureau Opabinia head dash catalog Sharma, this algebra, they produce ECM attach convert t omega whole. This means on the first floor, four bedrooms, bathrooms with showers, second floor converted into an office. The word conduct T means converted, and it comes from the verb combat tier, e.g. new davon converted a film or meson dot knows I won't convert to a law firm or meson dot. We converted the farm into guesthouses or later hist convert teeth on the lag lead to conduct a hole on the left. This means the tourists are converting their euros to dollars. As you can see, you say convert TO, on, to mean convert into or to convert to. In the advert for the house, it says convert T on Bill, which means converted into an office. 146. 140c - la maison: The last sentence of the advert goes, go home, jot down here, our Qian, please don't go home jot down here. Apa Qian place to do some tone. It means big garden with several trees that are more than 200 years old. This sentence is just a good reminder to us that you say ages differently in French and English, e.g. you say, I am 40 years old, whereas in French, you have to say, I have 40 years. Jacob tone. In this sentence they say the trees are more than 200 years old and they say, lays Alba on this ontology, which literally means the trees have more than 200 years. So that's this lesson is comprehension texts done. Let's move on to the main lesson. Here's your first word for this lesson. Lamin, lamin zone. It means the house. Now Amazon. So how would you say in French? Where is the house? Well, amazon way, Lemmy zone. Which one is PS house. I'm going to see you at the house. You vet to allow Amazon or is your favorite? Are you going to be at the house that you ETA, alumni zone? Ali vous et al, Amazon. Christine and Pierre have a beautiful house. Christine, a PM on June Bellamy's on Christina Pierre onto imbedded meson. You can use the word meson to mean home as well as house. So it's really a synonym of Chez CHEs that. So how would you say I am at home? You could either say just three shame one or just three. Alarm isn't just swish anymore. It's just three salami zone. 147. 140d - à la maison: How would you say in French? I think Pierre is at home. You post good Pierre, HEV or geopolitical Pierre, it'll Amazon. We've had so far laminar zone, which means the house. Alarm ism means at home or at the house. How would you say my house is a lot bigger than your house? Mommy is on a book called get dummies on. Mommy isn't a book. Could you go home and go vote on meson? Which house do they prefer? K1 meson, preference. Give me some prefer. Marie said she wants to buy this house, but it's too expensive or difficult. Vashti set MSM may share a decal wash tasted meson, may elect to share the houses in this region a more expensive than the houses where I live. Let me zoned onset regime. Some Please share gloomy zone which I beat. Lemmy zone. Don't set region. Some fresh air, cooling meson would come and visit this beautiful house. The MVC tasted better meson. When a visitor, they said Bill meson, my moment is waiting for me at the house. Mommy, marathon animism, my mail, not bone, ulama, ism. 148. 140e - propre: How would you say in French were given to lead the children at the house? News alone, legacy lives on phone alarm isn't on that. Legacy lives on phone alarm isn't. I was at home last week. Shame well, as men, Danielle, allow Amazon, last man, Dann year. Here's your next word for this lesson. Papa. Papa. It means own or clean. Papa. So the adjective pauper can be translated into English as OWN or clean. And if you put pauper in front of the noun, it means own. But if you put popular after the noun, it means clean. E.g. map epimysium. My papa Mason means my own house because it comes in front of the noun. Whereas in meson pauper. Meson pauper means a clean house because it comes after the noun Jima proper, mason, J, map, optimism. I have my own house. J in meson pauper. In meson pauper. I have a clean house. Jima proper meson papa papa meson pauper. This would mean I have my own clean house. So pauper can mean own when it's in front of the noun and clean when it comes after the noun. How would you say, Do you have your own house? And two type of chromosome? We move tropomyosin. The room is very clean. Last Sharma a type hopper. Last shown by a type Hopper. It isn't very clean here. Sunni battery Popeyes see Sidney Poitier, Popeyes see. 149. 140f - clean or own: How would you say in French? I don't have a clean shirt. You need bathroom. She meet pauper. You need pattern chemise, pauper. Your hands clean. Good day. Milestone pauper. Government, some pauper. We've had so far. Let me zone, which means the house. Alarm ism means at home or at the house. Papa means own. If you put it in front of the noun. And palpate means clean if you put it after the noun. So how would you say my own car is smaller? My pop of what? A precipitate Map Helper. When a precipitate is it your own decision? Excuse into proper, this is exclusive or to a proper decision. This class isn't clean. Severe Nipah papa, severe Nipah pauper. I've washed the car so it's clean now. Available to you. Don't get any pop momentum. Gla villa, once you don't get any pop momentum, I've had the car washed, so it's clean now. J. Fill Avila, but you don't Kelly pop momentum. You feel Avila what you don't Kelly, proper maintenance. 150. 140g - sale: How would you say in French, are children that have their own rooms? Knows on-farm only proportion formula, nose on phone, on low proportion. Do you have your own car? Add to that pop of what you want to pop over to you. So pauper means clean. The opposite of the word Popper is Sally. Sally, it means dirty. Sad. How would you say it's too dirty here for me? Say Tall Sally, C11, say torso, EC Palmer. Everything is very dirty. To a traceable, to a tray style. It isn't dirty, it's clean. Sunni, say papa. Sunni pastel, say papa. So we've had so far in this lesson, laminar zone, which means the house alarm ism at home or at the house. Papa means own when you place it in front of a noun. Proper means clean when you place it after the noun means dirty. How would you say PS, trousers or dirty? Because he was playing football. Loop on the London bus gives you a 0 foot Lubanga along the PLA cell. Boss gives you a whole foods. So just note that in French, the word for trousers is singular. So literally infringe. You have to say PS trouser is dirty. Look on the pia a cell. How would you say Why are your hands dirty? Skt milestone. Is Google Maps on style. 151. 140h - dirty: How would you say in French, his shoes are very dirty. Say show some taste cell. Say show some cases. He is very dirty. He needs to have a wash. In a crisis. Elaborate x1 to x2 larvae, elite taste cell. Elaborate x1 to sit IV. Why is everything always dirty? But quite as good to a Th2 cell. Aqua as good today to dorsal. The house is getting dirty, or literally would say the house is becoming dirty. Amazon, do the answer. Let me undo the answer. I washed the car yesterday but it is already dirty. Gina villa about tian. Yeah. May any digital G. Levy, Lavoie, hear me. Any deja the beaches here are very dirty. Laid plans, GC, GC, some places. The adjectives pauper and sad that we've learned in this lesson, have an E on the end, and that means there's no different feminine form. Papa and sell are used with masculine and feminine nouns in the plural, like in this sentence, we have to do is put an S on the end. So saddled with an S on the end is plural and proper with an S on the end is plural. So lapply GC, some trestle. 152. 140i - normalement: Here's your next word in French for this lesson. Nochmal. Nochmal moon. It means normally, not Malmo. How would you say normally it's very clean here, but today it's dirty. Not Malmo, say type hopefully see males with VC cell. Normal amount, say typo, please see me or should we see Sal? Normally PA comes on Mondays. Nochmal mount PAL be underlined D, nochmal mount. The underlying. Normally Pierre came on Mondays. Not my mom, piano benevolent. Not Malmo, Pierre, vanilla land. So this means normally Pierre came on Mondays, as in he used to come on Mondays, meaning we have to use the imperfect tense in French. So Pierre, Louis de we've had so far LeMay zone, meaning the house alarm, a zone which means at home or literally at the house. Popplet. If you place it in front of a noun, means own. And if you please pop color after the noun, it means clean. Means dirty, and nochmal mon means normally. Now the word normal mole in French has two meanings. Firstly, it has the obvious meaning normally. However, it also has a second meaning, which took me a very long time to figure out. When I was living in France, I used to hear people say things like nochmal, more news alone patio or with the oedema or normal model, the value v. Don't think minute. I thought what a strange way to use the word normally. Normal mom who's unknown bacteria or we don't demand means normally we're going to leave at 08:00 tomorrow. And normal Molotov, that reading on sank minute means normally the train is going to arrive in five-minutes. It just didn't make sense to me at all. Normally, we're going to leave and normally the train is going to arrive. It doesn't sound right and English. Eventually, however, after talking to somebody else who had been having trouble with the same thing, we figured out that nochmal mom can also mean all being well, literally, if all is normal in the world, nochmal mom, e.g. normal mode, you vape bacterial demand. Normal mode, you have ataxia demand all being well, I'm leaving tomorrow. Literally, if all is normally in the world, I'm leaving tomorrow. Normal mode, PF, the Libyan to normal mole of ABVD unto all being well, Pierre will arrive soon. Or literally, if all is normal in the world, not Malmo, Pierre will arrive soon. Another way you could translate the word not my mom in these sentences into English would be put the word should. So normal modulate bacterial demand, you could say as I should be leaving tomorrow, normal Libyan to pH should be arriving soon. Now, we're going to talk a little bit more about this in a future lesson. So just keep it in mind for now that normal mode can mean all being well, how would you say in French, my brother should arrive at 07:00 P.M. literally you would say all being well, my brother is going to arrive at 07:00 P.M. no. Malmo month where they are this never normal Mon Valley via these NFL. Literally you're saying normally, my brother is going to arrive at 07:00, but it means normally in the sense of if all is normally in the world, my brother is going to arrive at 07:00 P.M. or all being well, my brother will arrive at 07:00 P.M. 153. 140j - "all being well": How would you say in French she shouldn't be doing it tomorrow? No. Malmo value fell demand. Not Malmo lethal demand. Are you free this weekend? Yes. I should be a two lipase the weekend. We know my mom. Julie policy weekend. We know Malmo. So this answer, we normal mom, literally it means yes normally, but don't forget in English we would say something like yes I should be or yes, all being well, we know Malmo. How would you say all being well, we're going to finish everything tomorrow. Not Malmo news alone to female demand, not Malmo news alone to funnier demand. Of course, don't forget that normal mode can also just mean normally in the same way that we use it in English. So how would you say normally, we spend the holidays in France? Not Malmo, new person live a constant forms. Not Malmo on bass, labor consonant phonemes. How would you say, are you coming with us tomorrow? Yes, I should be. If the answer you have ignored the man we normally call the anti I've ignored the man. We know my mom all being well, I'll call you next week. Not Malmo. You wait. Tabulate as men portion. Not Malmo. You wave, moves up your little as men pushing. My mom normally buys me something for my birthday. Know Malmo, my mail, my ****. Good. Good. Shows pulmonary valve. Know Malmo, Mamiya match it can cause shows Beaumont anemia. So in English you can put the word normally in the middle of sentences, whereas in French it tends to go up front. How would you say, where do you normally go? Food shopping, mall, who fit to Lagos? Know Malmo, bullet goes. In this lesson we've had Lemmy zone, which means the house. Alarm ism means at home or at the house. Papa means own when you place it in front of a noun. And popcorn means clean when you place it after a noun means dirty. And normal mode means normally. But you can also use a normal mom to mean all being well. 154. 140k - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in French, where is your house? Wait, Amazon. We've atomism. I think my mom is at home. Your pumpkin. My main issues is you posca, my mayor, dynamism. Sophie doesn't have her own car, so she normally takes the bus. Fee Napa proper, what you don't know, Malmo and Polybus. Not passed apropos of what? You don't know. My mom, alcohol abuse. This isn't very clean. Seen a pattern, a pauper. See Nick Patrick pauper. My shirt is dirty because I've just eaten a pizza. Mushroom means they sell pascals UV and emoji in pizza. Mushroom is they sell pascals UV and ammonia in pizza. Your car is very dirty. I can watch it if you want to have wet you hey, Theresa, you pull it tight. You pull away civilly. Pierre lives with his parents, but he has his own bedroom and bathroom. Pierre, I beat that like super home. May elastic proportional bought a cell division. Pierre, a beta of x e power. May, Eliza PupCo shampoo, a cell davon. We should be going to Italy on holiday this year. No Malmo lose alone on Italian, but constantly nochmal more on that on Italian, but consistently that you have your own suitcase. Not too bad to pop our valleys. Now be Bupa about her proper valleys. Normally this beach is very clean, but it's dirty today. Normal. Mom said pleasure, trip, hopper, may, LA salaries would we know Malmo said splash a type papa may illicit flows. Would we? 155. 140l - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What are these friends sentences mean in English? Have evil and poor policy will play. And they're popular singer who play. Do you have a clean glass, please? Normal mode, combat, I Vivian pool. Normal molar or a VPN to the training should be arriving soon. Aqua SKT Muslim, aqua eschaton mass on cell. Why are your hands dirty? Jaspar could do LA man papa, good news alone point or leading a don't do mean it just could do at Lehman popular basket news alone, Ponto loaded onto minute. I hope you have clean hands because we're going to have dinner in 2 min. Sit me is on a bell. May any topic it is only bill may edit topics. It this house is beautiful, but it's too small. You valence CCC, animism, gingiva palate point of having one of icons. You have LSA sociale Amazon, June verbally upon having one over cos. I'm going to leave this at home. I don't want to take it with me on holiday. I type popular votes of what? A type Hobby, Lobby. Lobby. Your car is very clean. Have you watched it? Not Malmo, Mileva veneer cannot chromosome less than men caution. Nochmal mom may leave Avenir an automatism. Last main portion. All being well, Marie is coming to our house next week. Or you could also translate it as Marie should be coming to my house next week. Not Malmo in that two-finger Yan Bu. Normal mode. In that to funnier beyond two. He should be finishing everything soon. Or you could also say all being well, he is going to be finishing everything soon. Janay Palmer, proper Mason. As you napalm, a pauper Mason. I don't have my own house. 156. 140m - let's recap - English to French: Now let's do some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases we've learned in previous lessons. How would you say in French? Where was he going? Who Alley? Well, it I'm not going to the restaurant tonight, I'm too busy. You invade puzzle has the hands as well. It would just be topically pay. You shouldn't vapor or headstones, the swirl. It used to be taught all could be. That's too small for me. So I say 2-OPT Palmer. Say topic DePalma. Have you had the car washed? Do you feel heavy? Love what you were leaving at 05:30? New pattern. And this attorney to me, new pattern at this attorney to me. Are you going to order a coffee? Agile comedy and coffee and caffeine? Which card do you prefer? What you prefer to kill, what you did? You need to speak with me. Abotu, this one, the ballet Avik one. This one the penalty of ECMO. What is the soup? Soup. Gilly last soup. How much is it for two weeks. As they come, young men. Young men. 157. 140n - let's recap - French to English: Now let's do some French to English recap translations. What are these friends sentences mean in English? Into deja LA us today after a two-digit LA, I stood there. Have you been to this theatre before? Yeah. Shaun T. May Gmail. Shaun T. Vis-a-vis Shaun T, magic mushrooms. You saying very well, but I sank badly. In a fantastic, mundane, a fantastic. My Dinner is fantastic. At you little menu. Lumen you have, you read the menu is because you put them on, take a quiz shows up here is because you put them on tracheal. Who shows up here? Can I show Pierre something or can I show something to Pierre? June they possess like a loofah. You innovate, possess a yellow Yvonne. I'm not going to try the wine. Waiter. Way. Where is the opera house? La EC. Let see. She's here. Pierre, necessary left path to Pierre. Pierre doesn't get up early. You apply their Pantone digitally or ketose. You press out upon holidays, you need a cat. I prefer having lunch at 02:00. 158. 141a - Comprehension exercise part 1: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learnt in the last lesson. How do you say in French, the house? Islamism? At home or at the house? Alarm isn't own, pauper, clean, copper, dirty cell. Normally. Not Malmo. Comprehension. This lesson's comprehension exercise is quite a long one, is an interview with a young boy who answers questions about his family and friends. So it goes, it's good to Don pump via a vector for me. Regiment on chaotic MFA Me too Lamont Asian te, the tones on tone, you may dispute direct month where Baskin manoeuvre may. Indeed amazon Asia limb. Get USE of ectothermy. Louie, Louie kinda me, loosens LA or central commercial. Who knows I won't finish shopping GST on bond alone. A master, I stayed in new value of zero. Let's wow, news. I've only got the unfilled militarily may sit they assume we you escalate and postpone the passage of extra for me. We sit and postpone basket regime, FMI, Asia mummies be unconscious, visa vector, control, non-coupon. Louis. They test passing the topics FMI separate itself a foramen bit. Esca to prefer passage you don't elect their family will take upon your coffee or passive. You don't have any makeup on pass keys on a yo-yo foot Ensembl, genome path passage we don't affect my family. Can make you a more friendly trojan. A Raman Penny Blue. Sql is I miss on that button. But aqua, Aqua. We Lego been some trials and potent Palmer, basketball shadow, passage of tobacco use. We transport a pastel despotic, my family, mom, friend and master limpieza. Back onto Jim beaucoup, a layover Concept McMuffin me past gamete per home to get you a thetaVec, tick open arrest someone. Less the main down near you just recently or cinema Avik meta me, pass QC team on anything else? Their news, I've already got them filled axiom key at the Exelon. So point on GMO J20, the popcorn a, j a team allowed only candidate Dan Boneh, me who didn't want ME. Moire, one compound what that horizontal, the whole Ababa. Because you adopt parlay, a real army nano Taco Day. You named Pan-Asian keys on a greased task. Just be foramen general Asia. Pause because it's important. 159. 141b - Comprehension exercise part 2: Let's have a look at what that text means. We'll go through it a question at a time. The first question is, is could you don't pump a vector for me? It's good. You don't want beyond a vector for me. Do you get on well, with your family? We've seen the verb so entendre before, which means to get on or to get along. In this question, the S-curve form is used as good to don't, don't. But if you wanted to take the eschar out, you can use inversion to ask the question instead. And you would get, don't want to be a vector FMI, don't onto beyond a vector for me. Do you get on well, with your family? When you have a reflexive verb, you simply take the subject pronoun to place it after the verb. To don't, don't becomes tantamount to you. In an inversion. The boy answers the question by saying, We huge amount on type yak mathematics to Lamont Asian tea. We, German mathematician, John T. This means, yes, I get on very well with my family because everybody is kind. This sentence uses all words and phrases we've learned before. So it shouldn't be too tricky to understand. It's good sometimes to read sentences like this because it helps to solidify vocabulary in our heads. The boy then goes on to say, the dawns on tone, because you may dispute that Ekman fair. Pascal, my nav, may lack the power. Elite, Amazon, Asia limb. The tones on tone. You may dispute that Ekman, fair, pass Gilman have Miller PayPal. You don't let Amazon Asia limb? From time-to-time. I argued with my brother because he gets on my nerves. But most of the time he is funny and I love him. Useful phrase that we can take from that sentence is the tones on tone. It can be used as a synonym for killed cava. So it means sometimes or from time-to-time, the tones on tone, e.g. the tones on palm. The tones on tone. She calls me from time-to-time. Another useful verb we can take from that sentence is NRV, which means to annoy or to get on somebody's nerves. To nose to nose and mouth. You're annoying us. Salmonella. Sat men out of that annoys me. Avant seminar. They may maintenance. Avant Salmonella. They may maintenance. Used to annoy me before but not anymore. Finally, he uses the phrase lap blue boundary tone, which means most of the time, e.g. lab prep out the tongue is traveling weekend. Vowel, the tongue is live weekend. This means most of the time they work on the weekend. So like pupa and Newton means most of the time. 160. 141c - Comprehension exercise part 3: The next question goes, gaskets UFA, a vector for me. Louie can down yay case. Could you have a vector for me? Louie can tell me. What did you do with your family last weekend? Once again, this question uses esco, but if you want to form the question without esco, you can use inversion. And you would get this to fit a vector for me. Louie can get you a vector of Emmy Lou weekend Danny. What did you do with your family last weekend? The boy answers Louis candy and he knew some delay or central commercial. Failure shopping. Louis can be a nuisance LA or central commercial. We move on Friday shopping. This means last weekend, we went to the shopping center where we did some shopping. The verbal phrase, fair do shopping means to go shopping, as in to shop for anything other than food. If you're growing food shopping, then you use the phrase fair Lagos, fair liquid. That means to go food shopping or to go grocery shopping. E.g. in the air handler for ego on abuse one, they're fairly close in the area. I don't know if we go on, I boost the family cos there is nothing in the fridge. We need to go shopping. Normal modes you, Philip costless and dermatome. Normal mode is you fail a course, loosen the Martin. Normally, I go food shopping on Saturday mornings. In the next sentence, the boy tells us what he and his sister bought when they went shopping. Standpoint alone. A master Asch did innovate shows to stay on point along. A master, I stayed a new venture. This means I bought some trousers and my sister bought some new shoes. You might notice that trousers is singular in French, even though it's plural in English. We say trousers, they say a trouser. I'm botulinum. And bond alone means trousers, or literally a trouser. Oh, should we just bought point along there? Or should we just bought bond along there? Today I'm wearing green trousers. The last sentence for this question is, loose swash. I'm feeling laterally. May sit there, say on we you loose swash news. I've only got there, I'm feeling really messy. I say unto you, this means in the evening we watched a film on TV, but it was quite boring. This is another simple sentence, but it's worth pointing out laterally. We learned this phrase when we were looking at different types of articles in French. But it's always helpful to recap The phrase or laterally or volatility xian means on TV. E.g. gliosis. Electorally. Guess glia. I'll actually what is there on TV tonight? You prefer hook ideally Damasio, and laterally, you prefer idealism, Fermat's theorem. And laterally, I prefer watching the news on TV. 161. 141d - Comprehension exercise part 4: The next question talks about spending time with family. It's clear that baton the passage automatic stuff, ME, escalate and proton the passage you, Alexa for me. Is it important to spend time with one's family? Firstly, you might have noticed that the question uses LA and bottom instead of set and Bhutan For it is important. Well, we will be exploring this in a later lesson. But for now, just note that you can use either say or LA for it is in certain situations. And this is one of them. Excuse the tampon. Is it important to escalate and protons? Is it important to? You can use ELA and postpone or say Add button in this question, and it means the same thing. Secondly, this question is another esco, question. If you wanted to use inversion to ask this question, you could say, it's the lamppost on the passage. You don't have extra foamy AT Lamport. The passage you don't have extra for me. Is it important to spend time with one family? The boy answers this question by saying, we pulled on one side and bottom bus garage and MFA me, HMM, use beyond conscious feedback. Gu we bought more sit and baton pass collegium, FMI, Asia mummies be unconscious feasible. Yes, I think it's important because I love my family and I have fun when I'm with them. This sentence contains all words and phrases that we've seen before. However, you might need a reminder of the verb, sad music via which means to have fun. You may see Deanna Musee. You miss three piano music. That means I had fun. New news, Amazon via new news, I'm Museum Yan. We have fun. He then goes on to say that control non-coupon Louis is the test passage. You don't have extra time, mi casa petite. A hymen bit per conto monk coupon. The test. But I said you don't have Excel family submitted a vehement bet. On the other hand, my friend hates spending time with his family because his little sister is really silly. We've seen the word soap on dawn before and that means, however. But the phrase contra can be used as a synonym to that. It means, on the other hand. Then you'll notice that he uses the word Louis in the middle of the sentence. Normally, Louis means him in French. However, you can use it to emphasize the he or the E, e.g. LM lover. Louis in amylose, LM lava may Louis de lambda holes. So you can put Louis in front of ELL to add emphasis to it. So in English it's sort of like she likes the green, but he likes the red. Lm Novell may Louis Lambda huge. You can do the same thing with Zhou by putting more in front of it. To em lover memoir, Jim Lowe, who's 2M love memoir. Jim loopholes. You like the green but I like the red. Marzipan discussable. Japonica stable. I think it's good. Pierre of our own backgrounds may have an e vowel. Nba cones may modulate whatever PA is going on holiday, but I have to work. It's very common to hear people say more before they say a sentence with Zhou in French. You would re unveiled advanced still route play module. Would I unveiled advances through play? I would like a glass of wine, please. 162. 141e - Comprehension exercise part 5: The next question is s Q2 peripheral passage of a vector family would take off as CO2 pathetic per se, do a vector for me with a coupon. Do you prefer spending time with your family or your friends? Again, this question uses esco. But if you want to use inversion, you will say, Gee passage, a vector for me, we'll take open. To pass. A vector. Fahmy, who take open? Do you prefer spending time with your family or your friends? The boy answers this question by saying, you prefer passe do to affect me coupon, pass keys on a news either way or foot ensemble. Is your path up. I said you don't make coupon, buy skis on a new homes way of foot ensemble. I prefer spending time with my friends because they're funny and we love playing football together. This is all pretty simple vocabulary for us now, but you might not have known the word hello. It just means funny. There are a few different ways to say funny and French. If I go low, the whole I'm using, I think ALU, museum, they all mean funny. But in this text the boy uses a high go low. Monk who's on a regular. Monk who's on a regular means my cousin is funny. Cellulose. Cellulose. That's a funny noise. The boy then goes on to say, your name purposes, you don't have egg muffin me made by horizontal, say on VU, a month where a trojan, a Elavil Raman, Penny Blue, jay name PAP. I said you don't affect my family. Car made by horizontal stay on. We'll aim unfairly told you in a Elavil or MO Penny Blue. I didn't like spending time with my family because my parents are quite boring. My brother is too young and he's really annoying. Again, that was another simple sentence in terms of structure. But you might not have known the word penny blue, which means annoying. Just like with funny. There are a few different ways to say annoying in French. And now Yvonne, I guess song in E blue. And now Yvonne, I guess some enabler. They all mean annoying. The word penny blue means annoying, as in it's a nuisance or a bit of a pain. Literally it comes from the French word pen, which means pain. So you can imagine somebody is so annoying, it's painful to a pen nib lavish, two tickets to a pen nib like two tickets. You're annoying with all your questions. So Penny Blue is annoying. 163. 141f - Comprehension exercise part 6: The next question goes, SQL is I miss on that bottom, aqua Bagua is really important. But aqua, both Kappa offerings important. Why or why not? If you want to form this question with inversion, you will say this. Instead. Scientism, proton, laser me, scientism proton, our friends important. You'll notice that this question has some letter E is in brackets. If we go back to the esco version, you'll see it escalates ME. So there's an e in brackets in the middle of that word. Then some don't. And there's an e at the end of that word. Me and unblock don't have 0s in brackets. And the reason for this is that it incorporates male and female friends. Laser me without the e is masculine friends, and laser me with the E is feminine friends. Therefore, the adjective to describe them as important would be embarked on without the E for masculine plural and importante with the E for feminine plural. Now the first sentence of this answer is, we let go pass on. Present both Tom Palmer, basketball yet Dove passage. You don't have a clue. Really cool pounds on trust and baton from one basket shadow passage automatically. It means, yes, friends are very important for me because I love spending time with them. Lake or pond is just another way of saying friends. So you could say I, ME or coppa. The next sentence goes, There's just three. Trespass active agent pepper feldspar that my family, mom, friend, I master name parser. You sweet taste positive. Asian per buffer. The sporadic MFA me, come on Friday, master Nimbus. This means I am very sporty. I can't do sport with my family because my brother and sister don't like it. The phrase fail new Spark means to do sport. But in this sentence we have fair this ball Juniper path found this bar of ECMO. For me. The reason is because it's a negative sentence. The boy says, I can't do any sport. So it's a good reminder to us that du becomes do. In a negative sentence, is your bath fell on this bar? I cannot do any sport. Finally, the boy and this question with back contra Jimbo KU, basketball, home to that contra Gen Bu Gou alone but Concept McMuffin me basket made by Home, page two. On the other hand, I like going on holiday with my family because my parents pay for everything. There is that phrase contra again, meaning on the other hand. And then just in case you'd forgotten, There's a little reminder that in English we say to pay for. Whereas in French, you just say BE without the poor may be two, means my parents pay for everything. 164. 141g - Comprehension exercise part 7: The next question is, I guess could you have advocacy coupon or a summer gets, gets you a fee, a victory coppa isomer, which means, what have you done with your friends recently? This question uses the present perfect tense to fail. And if you remember, if you want to ask a question in the present perfect tense with inversion, you simply flip around the auxiliary verb and the subject pronoun. You would get this. Cathy, I think takeover by some cats you evict, take open isomer. What have you done with your friends recently? The first sentence in the answer goes, less men, Danielle, just recently, oh, cinema, big mega me, pass QC team on anything else? They're less than men down here. You just recently or cinema. They can miss ME. Pass QC team on anyway, I'll say. This means last week I went to the cinema with my friends because it was my birthday. We know all the words and phrases in that sentence. So we can move on to the next sentence which goes news of omega D. I'm field axiom key at the external news, I've already got the unfilled axion key at d epsilon. This means we watched an action film which was excellent. The word film. Film can be qualified by putting the genre after it. So I'm feeling the axiom. I'm feeling the axiom means an action film. And film. I'm filling the oil. A horror film. I'm feeling, I'm feeling mu0 means a silent movie. Film as two spots. I'm feeling, as you spawns a thriller film. I'm feeling the science-fiction. I'm feeling the CEO speak soon, means a sci-fi film. I'm feeling fantastic. I'm feeling fantastic. A fantasy film, film, policy and policy, a detective film. And then the last sentence for the answer to this question is, so Pando, Jim told the popcorn AJ HTML add sub j mod j taught popcorn. Aj D melodic. However, I ate too much popcorn and I was ill. Hopefully, the GMO J part and the total popcorn part didn't cause you any issues, but you might have been a little thrown by the wget edema lad bit. We've learned that I was in French, is spelled J apostrophe. His. But as we now know, that's the imperfect tense. However, there is a present perfect tense equivalent. As we've got in this answer. Now, we will be looking at the difference between the two words in a later lesson. But I think it's a good idea to just do a quick explanation. Now, normally you would use Jetty or the imperfect tense for I was. But if you're talking about a specific amount of time, you would use j instead. Because in this sentence the boy is talking about being ill after eating too much popcorn. It's referring to a small point in time. You can sort of imagine it as the comic book scenario. In the first scene, he was feeling fine and watching the film at the cinema. But then in the next scene, he had eaten too much popcorn and now he felt ill for I was ill. He bought Mallat. Another way to translate this could be I got ill. Don't worry, if this explanation is still a bit unclear. This is a very tricky part of the French language and it doesn't even use that often. But as I said, we will be going over it again in more detail in a later lesson. 165. 141h - Comprehension exercise part 8: The next question goes, keystone liquidity. Dan Boneh me. Would you invite ME? Katy Song, legality, Dan Boneh me, doing Boneh me. What are the qualities of a good friend? Now this question uses good song, meaning what are? When you say what are or what is in French, there is no way to say it using eschar. However, you do have to be careful of whether the noun you're referring to is masculine, feminine, singular, or plural. So you can have Kailey in the masculine singular, meaning what is Kelly with a double L, E on the end. Meaning what is in the feminine singular means what, r. And that's the masculine plural. And kill song with a double L, E S means what? R, and that's the feminine plural. Next year now recognize the two forms of EMI, the masculine and the feminine. In this question it says, unborn ME and inbound ME to mean a good friend who is a boy and a good friend who's a girl. So the question is, what are the qualities of a good friend? And the boy answered this question by saying, more unbound copy. The whole IBA Cache Valley area of Acme's ME, Baltimore and bone called the Trojan t, the whole Ababa ballet area of MSME. This means, I think a good friend has to be kind, funny and talkative because I love talking and laughing with my friends. The phrase Dwight data is basically structure one in a non question. It uses an infinitive carrier plus an infinitive, e.g. Judah at dawn sank minute. Don't sank minute. I have to be there in five-minutes. Know davon bacteria mountain on new davon patio mountain, all we have to leave now. Then relented some adjectives we can write down if we don't know them already. John. John T means kind. Baba. Baba means talkative, and the whole means funny. And then the final sentence goes. Then we'll talk about D. You named Pele junkies on Xist, basket weave Ramos, Asia-Pacific setup often than not, Rocco De you named Pali junkies something least, Bascom watches to be more Genoa, Asia-Pacific is a type of tone. Which means, on the other hand, I don't like people who are selfish because I am really generous and I think it's important. So here is an alternative to the phrase contra. We have Donato equal d. Then I'll click on D. It literally means from another side, but you can use it to mean, on the other hand. You also see another usage of the word more to emphasize the Zhou when he says moi je suis for a more general, what used to be for a more general, meaning me, I'm really generous. So that was a much longer comprehension texts than we normally look at. But I chose it because it contained lots of words and phrases that we have learned in this series so far. Hopefully you didn't have too many issues with this text and you found it useful revision exercise. But now let's get on with the main lesson. 166. 141i - d'accord: Here is a very useful word in French. Deca. Deca. It means okay, DECA. So how would you say, okay, you can do the housework, that car epithelium in Nash, NACA, boo-boo, human knowledge. Okay, I need to leave now. Decca Jeb is one the Battier Montana, Dhaka j plus one the patio Montana. Okay, let's go to the supermarket. Daca alone, all super marshy Dhaka, Alonzo supermarket sheet. You'll hear the word deco used a lot whenever you're in France. It means, okay, and you can use it just like you do in English. E.g. Pierre, Nipah, DC, Andraka, pierre neighbors, you see that guy? Pierre isn't here. Oh, okay. That goes component, z component. Okay. I understand. Say Sankey a whole Dhaka. Dhaka is €5. Okay. Thank you-all deca. Deca is five-year-olds. Okay. You visual tobacco is your visual to have either ECA? I'm going to work. Okay. So how would you say in French? I'm going to the shop in 10 min. Okay. U visa a magazine. Don't this mean Utica? You vaso magazine. Don't this mean Utica? Okay. I'm leaving now. Dhaka is your path mountain known. Nika is your Batman to know. We're getting up at 06:00 tomorrow. Okay. New newly evolved as seasonal demand in Dhaka. New newly evolved as seasonal demand. 167. 141j - être d'accord avec: So we've just learned the word Dhaka, which means okay. But you can also use deca with this phrase Dhaka. Dhaka Avik. It means to agree with DACA Avik. What it literally means is to be of accordance with because that car literally means of accordance. Obviously we can use it for, okay, as we've already seen. And then you can conjugate the verb eta into any tense or any person you're like. E.g. it was used to be that guy having Wu just three that go headache. Woo. I agree with you. More literally, I am of coordinates with you. In the tobacco havoc more in the tobacco haddock more. He didn't agree with me or literally he wasn't over coordinates with me. Pierre, Dakota Vic Murray, Pierre for Dhaka Vic Murray, PA is going to agree with Marie. How would you say in French, do you agree with me? That got haddock more, deco havoc more? Why didn't you agree with me? But quite niche, you better go havoc, more. Aqua, Net group had more human. Does Pierre, I agree with key piano, t, Lego, key, PIT, lacA. Do they agree? So until Dhaka, Dhaka, Murray has already said she agrees with us. Maggie, Maggie. Maggie idea de Lubac, new we've had in this lesson so far. Dhaka, which means, okay. And Eta that go Havoc means to agree with. How would you say? Yes. Okay. We lacA. Laca. So you can use deca to mean, okay, in almost any situation. And it's a very, very commonly used word in France. Okay? So if you're having a conversation with someone, you can just say Dhaka, Dhaka throughout to show that you're listening. 168. 141k - être d'accord pour: How would you say in French? I think everyone agrees. Is your boss. Could Tula Monday, Dhaka, Japan's good tool, a Monday dukkha. We don't agree. Newness on paddock, a new pedagogy. He agrees that you're right. Elite DACA could do or hazel eyes on. I think they agree that it's important. Your boss keys on beca, because at that bottom is your boss keys on DACA because they dump of tone. It's agreed. Sedaka. Sedaka. Now, it was a bit cruel of me to put that one in, since it isn't completely obvious. But now you know that silica means it's agreed rather than it's okay. Sedaka. We've had Dhaka, which means okay. Dhaka Avik means to agree with and Sedaka means it's agreed. Now you can put poor on the end of DACA and you get eta.gov, poor cardiac output. It means to agree to or to be willing to do something at Dhaka poor. And you can put any infinitive on the end of this phrase to say what it is that they agree to do or what it is that they are willing to do. So how would you say in French, he agrees to work tomorrow? Dhaka both have Edelman, elite Dhaka, both Khawaja de Man. I'm willing to help you. You see that cough for today. You just read that. Go through the day. 169. 141l - être prêt à: How would you say in French? Marie said she's willing to come with us tomorrow. Mathy or D, kill a Dhaka. Both veneer of Agnew the man. Maggie, I declare Dhaka veneer of ignore the man. Everyone is willing to pay the bill to Lamont, a Dhaka payday lending to Lamont, a dicot pupae, who agrees to help keep a Dhaka. Dhaka. I'm willing to do the washing up. Just be daka. Daka. Daka, meaning ok.gov. Harvick means to agree with. Sedaka, means it's agreed. And eta.gov, poor means to agree to do something or to be willing to do something. But there is another way to say to be willing to do something using some other ways that we've learned already. Entropy. Interplay means to be willing to, or literally to be ready to. And again, you can put any infinitive on the end of this phrase to say what it is you're willing to do at play. So how would you say, I'm willing to try? Just replay ICA. Just be precise. A yay. Or you can say, just be that go both. Sae, just read that. Go. Sha I'm willing to negotiate. Just be play and they go CA, is just be pret and negotiate or just be that golf ball negotiate. Just be that gap and then go see. Hopefully you remembered about the rule for turning Asian nouns into verbs. So negotiation or negotiate, ostium becomes negotiate for, to negotiate. So you change the Asian to an ER in order to make a verb. 170. 141m - avec: How would you say in French? I'm willing to forget what he said. Just be played only a sucky lady. Just be played. I will be a scalar or just with DACA, but hopefully a schoology. Just read a couple who bleeds, Turkey Lady. Michelle wasn't willing to help us. Michelle nitty puppet and knew the day. Michelle lady puppet and newsy day. Or Michelle notepad, aka knew the day. Michelle idiopathic or pannus AD. We've had deca, meaning okay, at her Dachau havoc. To agree with. Sedaka means it's agreed at Rebecca. Poor means to agree to do something, ought to be willing to do something. And at AAA means to be willing to do something as well or to be ready to do something. How would you say they have to be willing to say something? You do have a AAA idea character shows, or you do have a backup or tissues. Are you willing to make dinner tonight? He play are provided in it as well. It will play our peperino Denise as well, or h.gov, poor Denise as well. It would occur palpable Hello Denise as well. Now here's a word that we've seen many times before, but I just wanted to bring it up again as a means to introduce a new concept. Avik. Avik means width, as we already know, avec. But what we're going to learn about is something called stressed pronouns. Now the word avec is a preposition. If you want to say with me, with you, with her, et cetera, you need to use something called a stressed pronoun. We've already seen stress pronouns or 100 times or more, but I've never actually said what their name was before. Well, here they all are used after Avik. I think more with me. I'm with you. I think Louis, with him. With her. I've XOR with oneself. New. With us. Awake, Wu with you. With them. Are they good? With them in the feminine? So that's all the stressed pronouns. More. Louis, l, schwa, Lu, Bu. And. And as you can see, we've met most of them many times before. In the next lesson, we'll look at how to use them in more depth. 171. 141n - Stressed Pronouns: Stressed pronouns. In the last lesson, we looked at all the stress pronouns with the word Avik. We had more with me. I'm with you. I've worked with him a vector n with her cheek swab with oneself of a canoe, with those, with you, with them, and with them in the feminine. Well, these stress pronouns are used after any preposition in French. Let's have a look at some more examples with the word more. So Avik moire. Obviously as with me, Baltimore, Baltimore. For me, someone someone without me. Plugin Hong Kong moi plugin Hong Kong was bigger than me. Shame, shame war at my house. And moire. Moire. And me now technically isn't a preposition, but you do use stress pronouns after as well. So any preposition uses these stressed pronouns after them. Here's a list of some more prepositions or infringe on a dome. Su, su, Avik, song. Yvonne, I pray. You can use the stressor pronouns after any of those. You can also use stressed pronouns and by themselves. We saw in the comprehension exercise for this lesson how the boy used Louis and more for emphasis. Well, you can do the same with any of the stress pronouns to emphasize a subject pronoun. So in the comprehension exercise, the boy used Louis to emphasize and more to emphasize Zhou. But you can also use them simply by themselves as a way to answer key questions or who questions, e.g. key ala. Ala, who's there? When you can answer that with one more. Me. Keep Avenir. Key revenue. Who's going to come? Louie. Louie, meaning him. Or you can use them for emphasis. E.g. Marsha Dawson, May l, l cleverly phrase. Why is that daughter cell is May en el profoundly phrase. That means I love cherries, but she prefers strawberries. But you're emphasizing the subject pronoun. So really it says me, I love cherries, but her, she prefers strawberries. Louis, Illinois J2 cell memoir, Jim beaucoup, Vijay, I think miss ME. Louis, Illinois G2 cell memoir. Zhen beaucoup via J effect MSM. Me. He likes traveling alone, but I really liked traveling with my friends are literally in French. You're saying him he likes traveling alone, but me, I really liked traveling with my friends. So that's stress pronouns. You can use them after any preposition, or you can use them to emphasize the subject pronouns. How would you say we're going with them tomorrow? News alone or oedema, news along that demand. Is the stress pronoun in the sentence or vague with them. 172. 141o - practise with stressed pronouns: How would you say in French? Pierre said he's already bought something for her. Aedicula deja Ash taken bushels per head, PID Kyla deja, as thick as bushels per head. I'm not going to leave without him. You invade that bacteria suddenly. You shouldn't be passed back to us only. Does she live at your house? I need to tell ****. Abby, to tell shampoo. Or if you want to use esco, you can say a scalar a scalar bit shave who? He is faster than her heartbeat. In a repeat. It's not working for me. Send a mesh platform will send a mash popcorn one. Either no. Margin is HIPAA. Margin is HIPAA or shouldn't say, but you will very often hear them were put at the end as well. So you see Pamela? Pamela, and that's the equivalent of the English, will either say Palmer or Missouri State Bar. How would you say you need to leave? To add to-do app bacteria? The bacteria. I'm having a coffee and you measure pi, coffee. I like coffee. Buy it for them. I shed the loop or the loop body. 173. 141p - practise with stressed pronouns: How would you say in French, were thinking about them? Newborns. Newborns also. Hello, it's me. Bozo, same bozo seminar. Do you often think of me? Constitutes to one or more positive? I'm one. Who did that? Haim fistula. Fistula Louis. I don't work for him. I shouldn't have I papillary unit have I papillary. He lives with her. Eli beta K. Beta vacate. Sophie ann Marie told me that I can eat at their house. Sophie a. Marie Monday because you promote a Monday. Monday because your permanent she is added. I'm less busy than you. Just been one so cute. They could just be more Zaki peekaboo. I need him. Gb is one WE, j plus one WE. So the preposition in I need is the j plus one. The Louis, I have need of him. I need her would be j plus one Daniela. I have need of hair. 174. 141q - et: Sometimes in English we say things like, I'm hungry. Are you? We use Ru to ask if they're feeling the same as us. In French, instead, you just say undo using a stress pronoun. So how would you say, I'm hungry? Are you? It is You found a room. I'm cold. A Yu Gua, gua evil. So that's where you're saying, I'm cold and knew I wanted to coffee. Do you? You've learned Kathy Kathy evil. So literally it means I want to coffee and you, and you haven't got to say undo. You can say things like, I want a coffee. Does he want anything? You're driven, Kathy, Louis, or I want a coffee to the children. Want anything. You will say literally, I went to coffee and the children, you run Kathy Elizabeth. Form. So in this lesson, we've had Dhaka, which means ok.gov. Havoc means to agree with Sedaka, means it's agreed at her DACA. Poor means to agree to do something or to be willing to do something. At play. Means to be willing to do something or to be ready to do something. And then we looked at the stressed pronouns. So we had one meeting with me. I've E2 with you. I think Louis with him, a vague with her. I think swap with oneself. Ivig new windows. I think vu with you. I've worked with them and I think meaning with them in the feminine. And you can use these stress pronouns after any preposition in French. Or you can use them in front of a subject pronoun to add emphasis, or don't forget. You can also put them after the word. And you can say things like H2O, which literally means and you, but you can use it after things like Yuval and Kathy, I want a coffee. Do you want anything? And so they're called stressed pronouns. 175. 141r - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in French? I agree with Pierre. Did you see that guy back Pierre. You see that car? I think Pierre. We have to leave in five-minutes. Okay. Nudibranchs bacteria don't suck minute Dhaka. New demand patio, don't psych minute Dhaka. It's agreed. Sedaka Sedaka is Sophie willing to commit those? Esco So he 08:00 por venir ESCA Sophie, a pet Avenue. Avenue. I don't agree with what they said to us yesterday. I've exited news on DEF Eunice be bad, aka of executing news on DEA. Who agrees with me that garlic one key, that garlic more. I think PS, that he's willing to help us. You posca Pierre aedicula, Dhaka, New, the day. You pause could be an id, kill a pet and knew that day. I don't want to go with them. Universally. Iveco is universally Abigail. Michelle is going to come to our house. Michelle revenue machine. Michelle veneer, humorous, she agree with I have a key it in Dhaka, effect key it and lacA. 176. 141s - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What are these friends sentences mean in English? To lumen data points because they torture to Lamont et al ponds because they TO share. Everybody agrees and they think it's too expensive. Any parties on New, any party. So new. She's left without us. Into play up. Hopwa. Ladies. Are you willing to pay the bill with us? Sedaka. Sedaka. It's agreed. Your Posca to add the APA, the Gothic more you boss could do at the APA dicot haddock more. I think you're wrong. And Pierre agrees with me. One day to Bupa go have a good network by Docker Hub again. Why didn't you agree with her? She found it were I'm hungry. Are you just swap? If you're just a woo? I'm thirsty. Are you? Two are both one, they leave and Nonaka do have this one that limb and non Dhaka. You need to go now, okay. You versus C Dhaka University. See Dhaka. I wanted this one. Okay. 177. 141t - let's recap - English to French: Now let's do some recap translations to go over words and phrases we learned in previous lessons. How would you say in French? That isn't very good for me. Sassanid pathway, bom, bom one, Sassanid battery, bom, bom War. I wonder what time they're arriving tomorrow. Jim had Amanda Keller. Jim them on the agenda is abdomen. You want to pay now? You begin methanol. Methanol. They were going to Spain on holiday, but now Pierre is ill, is LA on a spaniel and icons. May mountain on PLA mallard, allele on a spaniel and McCombs, may mountain on MLR. Have they posted it yet? Lumpy leisure posterior, lung till deja posterior. Murray has blonde hair and green eyes. Maggie, Alicia overblown, LOG. Mathy, Elisha overblown. It is. You bear. It hasn't been finished yet. Signed up as onco. Tiffany. Tiffany. Why didn't you wash your hands? Aqua knitted you pile of edema, book. Wonder who that will Pahlavi Lima. I wanted to go to the beach, but of course it's too cold. You verbally add up large media is a tool for you verbally. Flash Media is a tough one. I think they're probably lost. You pause Keystone problem on Pell do is you ponds Keystone problem on parent do 178. 141u - let's recap - French to English: Now let's do some French to English recap translations. What are these friends sentences mean in English. Can escalate, feeling commas gone, SQL the film cameras. When does the film start? If a threshold stimulus span, you may. If A4, I don't know. If they trade show dullness to less spine. You may know. It's very warm in the south of Spain, but it's cold in the north. Lieutenant they PGC, iliolumbar, neighbors. You see? The hotel isn't here, is over there. You do get to you in a pond. I'll do for mash OUT ghetto. If you make quantile do for mash. Instead of the cake, I'm going to have some cheese. Say that wasn't me. Say that to Azure AD me. It's at half-past three electrons. The electrons are reading me. It's half-past three. Solely. May J file should be Iliad you solely major should be. It's sunny out but I'm cold today. Novel idea calculators or sufi missionary pappas CBO shows a sufi missionary pap or siblings. He wanted to say something to Sophie, but it wasn't possible. A lab or a book could not hit your Abigail. Apa table could not get your Abigail. She's brought lots of food with her. Even a Avik knew even have Agnew. They were coming with us or of course the gross. I mean, they used to come with us. 179. 141.25a - Object Pronouns: We spent about stressed pronouns in the last lesson. So I wanted to extend that lesson into this little quarter lesson in which we're going to learn a little more grammar. In this lesson, we're going to be looking at something called object pronouns. Remember how we learned many moons ago that if you want to say it, you can put the word Lu in front of the verb. E.g. is your lawfare. You vail affair. I'm going to do it. Pierre, do eyelash day. Pierre, de pierre has to buy it. So the loop becomes L apostrophe when it's placed in front of a word that starts with a vowel. So lashed D. Olive oil. Olive, who live, where are you going to see it? New nylon, Palo von. New nylon pad, Luanda. We're not going to sell it. The word in French, the word it in English are called object pronouns. Basically they stand for an object. See if you can translate the following sentences just to refresh your memory as to how to use the word, look in French. How would you say I can't do it? In purple affair is unit bit about lawfare. Look fair means to do it. How would you say? I can't see it? Shouldn't be Lavoie, June PayPal of work. So Lavoie means to see it. How would you say I'm doing it now? You love mountain on July 3rd, mantle none. So when you conjugate the verb you placed in front of it is you love fe, I'm doing it now. Similarly, how would you say I see it now? You live woman to know. You love what maintenance. 180. 141.25b - him / her / it: So when you put the word in front of a verb in French, it means it, but the word can also mean him. E.g. jewelry. Gua. Gua can mean I see it or I see him as you live where you Valley visit day, you value visit today. I'm going to visit it or I'm going to visit him. Can you see it? Or can you see him? If you want to say, instead of him? You can say law in blue. Is the feminine version. Is you Lavoie? You'll have one. I see her. Your availability is your visit today? I'm going to visit her. Loved one. Can you see her? Means him. And that means her or they can both mean it. How would you say in French? I don't understand it. You know, a compound path. You can look on pump bar. I don't understand him. You know, look compound path is usually a compound path. I don't understand. Like compound path. As you know that compound bar. How would you say I can't understand it. You shouldn't put bellow compound. Is you never look upon her. I can't understand him. You input bellow compound unit bit, but look compound one. I can't understand where you input that lack compound unit bit bad law compander. 181. 141.25c - where to place the object pronoun: If you use an infinitive carrier plus an infinitive, you must always place the object pronoun the look or the law in front of the infinitive, which will be the second verb, e.g. juvenile lawfare. You've withheld affair. I would like to do it. So you say you will die, which is the infinitive carrier. And then the infinitive fair gets the law in front of it. Lawfare to do it is you want a hand affair? I would like to do it. However, if you have just a single conjugated verb, you have to put the object pronoun in front of the conjugated verb, e.g. Julie. Julie, I'm doing it. So you place the LU in front of the conjugated verb. So Fe is the present tense, geography or jeweler, fuzzy. Fuzzy. I was doing it because you love fuzzy. Finally, if you have a verb in the present perfect tense or the past tense, you put them all in front of the auxiliary verb. So that means in front of the FDA, e.g. Juliet. Usually, I did it. Is you Lethe. So how would you say in French? Can I bring it with me? Please? You lipophilic, more. Pooja. I'm bringing it with me. Does your lap off topic more? You'll have bought more. I was bringing it with me. Your lap off their back more. You let birthday Avik more. I have brought it with me. Julie, about that, I think more is you lay up of teabag more. I'm going to buy it. You very last day. You Valle ISD. I'm buying it. Is your last ****. ****. 182. 141.25d - other object pronouns: How would you say in French? I was buying it. Your last day. Is your last day? I have bought it. Julesz day. You late. I stay. He has to sell it Live. Andrea Varga. He's selling it. 11. 11. He was sending it live on day. He live on day. He has sold it. 11 do in that bond you. We've learned how to say him or her And it, but there are a few more object pronouns. We have. Mu, which means me. 22 is the singular informal way of saying you to learn. We've seen means him or eight. Lou law means her or eight. Law. New. New means new. Woo. Woo is the formal singular or the plural way of saying You. Wu. Lei. Lei means them, lay. And all these object pronouns go in the same place as the love and the lap went in our examples. So how would you say in French, Can you see me? But you move, wow, per tumor or whomever mobile app. I can see you. You bet. You bet. Or you put you put voir 183. 141.25e - practise with object pronouns: How would you say in French? We can see him no proven live wire or on polar voir. We can see her new proven Lavoie or ampulla where they can see us. Nevada. Nevada. I can see them. You believe where you live? Where? Do you see me? Move Y2 or move? Why evil? Icu. You deliver your vulva. We see him new Lavoie or only one? We see her new language or on Lavoie. How would you say they see us? Wow. I see them. You live where you live? Where did you see me? Mad. You view or Malibu. 184. 141.25f - agree the past participle: How would you say in French? I saw you, you David. We saw him new level view on love you. We saw her new level view on love you. They saw us in Luzon view, news own view. I saw them. You lazy view. You lazy view. You've probably noticed that some of these last translations, the view, became either view with an e on the end or view with an S on the end. When you use the little object pronouns in the present perfect tense, there is an extra thing that you need to remember to do. The past participle has to agree with the object pronoun that comes before the auxiliary verb. That means, if you use law as the object pronoun in the present perfect tense, you have to add an extra e to the end of the past participle because law is feminine. Similarly, if you use new or lay as the object pronouns, you have to add an S to the end of the past participle because new and lay off feminine object pronouns, e.g. you live, you live, you means I saw him as you leave you. But then you leave you with an e. On the end of view is you leave you means I saw her because of the fact that both law and law contract to l apostrophe in front of the auxiliary verb. The addition of an e to the past participle lets you see which one has been used. So without the e, Usually view and July view are identical. But when you add the E, then it shows you that in the second sentence, the L apostrophe stands for law. And it means I saw her. 185. 141.25g - examples for agreeing the past participle: Let's have a look at some examples of how we change the past participle to agree to the object pronoun? If you say let you view, let you view. It means have you seen him? Let you view. But if we add an e to the end of the view, we get lateral view. And that means have you seen her in speaking it sounds the same. Let you view let you but in writing, there's an e on the end when it means her. Have you seen him Have you seen her? Laser to view? Laser to view. This means have you seen them? So we use lay to mean them. And then we have to add an S to the end of the food to make it agree with the lay. New level view, new lab on view. We've seen him new lab on view with an e on the end means we've seen her new layer, new layer. We've seen them Elon, Elon view. They saw him. Elon view with an e on the end means they saw her Elon view. It lays on view. Liaison means they saw them. So don't forget to add the S to the end when you use lay as an object pronoun Pierre, love you, love you. Pierre saw him. Pierre Levy with an e on the end means ps or her. Pierre laser view. Pierre laser view. Saw them. Love you. I love you. She saw him. And love you with an e on the end. A love you means she saw her. She saw her. And then L laser view. Laser view means she saw them. Now so far, I've only mentioned the use of law and lay as changing the past participle, but obviously move to new. And Wu could also be referring to women and not just men. So depending on the situation, you can add an e to the end of past participles with those as well. E.g. if you interview means he saw you and you are a man. But it'll tie view with an e on the end of view means he saw you if you are a woman. Matthew. Matthew view means did you see me? And in that sentence, I am a man. But Matthew, Matthew view with an e on the end of the view means, did you see me if I am a woman? Knew that you knew that you view means did you see us? Knew that you view. But then knew that you view. And you add an e on the end as well as the S knows that means, did you see us and we are all women, so new that you view in the first sentence has still got the S on the end because it's plural. But in the second sentence we have an E and an S because it's talking about a group of women. 186. 141.25h - practise with agreement: How would you say in French? I saw him. You live you live you. I saw where you live. You, you leave you. But we have to add an e to the end of the past participle because the L apostrophe stands for lab, is you leave you. How would you say I sold them? You lazy view, you lazy eye view. So we add an S to the end of view to make it plural, you lazy view. They saw her long view. A long view. So there's an e on the end of view because the L apostrophe stands for law, which is feminine Elon view. They saw them. It lays on view. It lays on view. So we have to put an S on the end of view in this sentence because it's talking about a plural object pronoun. And then finally, how would you say in French? He's told me my view. In my view, for me, I would write just VU. But if you're a woman, you would say, in my view, with an e on the end of the past participle to show that the standards for a feminine me, in my view. And once again, obviously this is only something you have to be concerned about in writing. In speaking, you can't hear the extra E or the extra S on the end of past participles. So you haven't got to think about it is only in writing. 187. 141.25i - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in French? They're calling me pay my bill. I think they sold it. You Boesky long bone. Do you pumps kilohm one? Do we want to buy it? New goulash de novo, long last day. I think she sold them. Does your boss can do is you pause, get Liza bond. You they saw us yesterday in Luzon view. Ear. In Luzon view. Yeah. He's sold them. Elazar 1D. Elazar around you were buying them newlines. Ashton knew less Ashton. They closed it this morning. Elon fell Mason, my tongue. Elon found me, so my thumb. They want to sell it in Nevada. Nevada. Can you open them for me? But Julie's overlay upon what? Vivo laser ray upon more. 188. 141.25j - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What are these friends sentences mean in English? Gone news on TV. News on TV. When did they see us? Pierre, Liza emoji. Emoji. Pa them. It lays out where l Lee's over. She opened them. New laser one Mozi. No later than Mozi. We've eaten them. Bachelor fair. That Judah fair. Are you going to do it a lot where she opened it? I can listen till fee. At least until what time did they make them? Lamaze. Lamaze created. You pass key lays on Deja vu where you pause Gillies on Deja vu where I think they've already opened them in a pile of where in the birth that Lavoie, they can't see it. 189. 141.5a - him vs to him: In the last little quarter lesson, we learned these words. Meaning me, to, meaning you. Which I said can mean him or eight, Law, which can mean her or it. New, meaning Wu meeting you and Lee, meaning them. I think we covered quite a lot of tricky stuff in that lesson. So I wanted to bring it to an end, but I still wanted to talk a bit more about object pronouns. This is another mini quarter lesson, just so I can finish everything off. We're going to delve a little deeper into the world of object pronouns. In French, you can show him as an object by using the word law, as we've already seen. However, whenever him implies to him, you should use Louis. Instead. Look at the difference in these two English sentences. I see him. I'm giving him the book. I see him. I'm giving him the book. In English. You can use him in both of those sentences. However, in the second sentence, I'm giving him the book. If you move the word him to the end of the sentence, it changes and becomes to him. I'm giving him the book becomes I'm giving the book to him. I'm giving the book to him. In French. This sentence would be, you, Louis, don't leave. Usually we don't leave home. You use Louis whenever him implies to him. So usually we don't leave her means I'm giving the book to him. Also, the word Louis goes in the same place as the other object pronouns that we've learned. Means him and Louis means him or to him. How would you say then I'm giving the book to him. We don't lever. You'll be done. Le Levi. I'm giving him the book. Jewelry done, relief. So it's the same as usually we don't leave her in English. You can say I'm giving the book to him or I'm giving him the book. But in French is always, usually we don't live where literally I, to him, give the book. Usually we don't leave. So Louis means him or to him. 190. 141.5b - lui: How would you say in French? I'm going to give him the book. You vaguely, we don't need to leave her. Uv. Louis Danilo lever. I'm going to give the book to him. You've read on a leaf, UV Louis Danilo liver. So again it's the same. So you can say in English, I'm going to give the book to him, or I'm going to give him the book. But in French, the Louis always goes in front of the infinitive. Is your Louie. Louie, leave her. How would you say can you give him the book? Actually, we don't need to leave. Or buh bye, buh Louis on a lever. How would you say can you give the book to him? We donate reliever. Pull the lever arm. So again, it's the same in English. You can say, can you give him the book or can you give the book to him? You can put him in the middle or at the end and put two in front of it. But in French, it's always put two Louis donator lever. So the Louis goes in front of the word Dani. Louis non-linear lever. How would you say, did you give him the book? Louis attitudinal Oliva? Louis Vuitton, a lever. So the word Louis goes in front of the auxiliary verb when you're talking using the present perfect tense, just like the word Lou when we learned object pronouns in the last lesson, goes in front of the verb. Louis goes there too. How would you say, did you give the book to him? Louis actually donated leave her. Louis Vuitton is really fun. So it's the same. In English. You can say, did you give him the book or did you give the book to him? But in French, the word Louis has to go in front of the auxiliary verb, St. Louis at Janelia leaf on or Louis Vuitton, a leaf on. 191. 141.5c - other object pronouns: Here's a useful variable that goes nicely with Louie. Louie. Louie. It means to send on YE. So how would you say in French, I'm going to send you the book. You've eaten by Haley. Leave her to, leave her. So you can see now that the word to and woo, which will enter in the last lesson, mean you as object pronouns can also be used to mean or to imply to you. So I'm going to send you the book. I'm going to send the book to you. You can just use to create your leaflet. Or you can use Wu, who's on why yellow lever is only hymn that has the two forms, blue and Louis. For you. You can just use two and room for me. Similarly, you can just use mu. How would you say in French? Can you send me the book? But human Viagra Lever. Who live on. Can you send him the book? Particularly on the yellow lever, prove evolution via the liver. So we have to use Louis because Louis means to him. So can you send him the book implies to him sending it to him. How would you say Can you send the book to him? Lever pools on via the liver. So it's the same as can you send him the book? So can you send him the book? And can you send the book to him are the same in French, but you, Louis, on the yellow lever, the word Louis goes in front of the infinitive on Vijay. So as we've seen now, it's only with him that we have these two different forms. We had low, which will enter in the last lesson, means him as an object. And Louis means him if you're implying to him. So giving something to him or sending something to him, you would use Louis infringe rather than low. But for the other object pronouns, to woo and new, there's only one for each one. So you can use to mean me or to me to convene you or to you. 192. 141.5d - direct object pronouns: When we learned about the object pronouns in the last lesson, that a specific name was actually direct object pronouns. This is because they are directly affected by the verb. E.g. if we said, I can see him, Well, him is the thing being seen. So I can see him. Him is the direct object pronoun. I want to buy it. Well, it is the direct object pronoun because it is the thing that's being bull. I want to buy it. I'm going to try it. Again. It is the direct object pronoun because it is the thing being tried. I'm going to try it. So they're all being directly affected by the verb. However, we've just learned that Louis means him when to him is implied. E.g. UV Louis on why yellow lever. Louis on white, yellow lever. I'm going to send him the book. Or it could also mean I'm going to send the book to him in this sentence. Him isn't the thing that's actually being sent is the person to whom the object is being sent. Therefore, him is being indirectly affected by the verb. The book is being directly affected because the book is being sent. Him is the thing that's being indirectly affected because the book is being sent to him. Therefore, Louis, rather than being a direct object pronoun is actually an indirect object pronoun. So Lee is an indirect object pronoun. Now I'm well aware that this is all quite tricky because I remember it being very tricky when Ireland it for the first time, many years ago. To understand all this information a little better, Let's have a look at what direct and indirect objects actually are. In English, objects are things that usually come after a verb. E.g. the cat is eating the mouse. The cat is eating the mouse. The mouse is the object because it is the thing being eaten. You can see it comes after the verb eating. So the mouse in this sentence is the object. The thing that is doing the action is called the subject. The subject in this sentence is the cat. The cat is the one doing the eating. So in this sentence, The cat is eating the mouse, the object, the mouse is a noun. You can replace a noun that is an object with an object pronoun. The word pronoun basically means in place of a noun. The noun, the mouse, can be replaced by the object pronoun. In English, object pronouns go in the same place as the nouns at the end. So instead of saying the cat is eating the mouse, we can say the cat is eating it. The cat is eating it. The object pronoun, it, stands in place of the noun, the mouse. Let's have a look at another example. The dog is biting the man. The dog is biting the man. So the man is the object in this sentence because here's the thing being bitten, and the man is a noun. So we can replace this noun object with an object pronoun. Instead of saying, the dog is biting the man, we can say the dog is biting him. The object pronoun him replaces the man. Objects come after verbs in English, and they can be a noun or you can replace the noun with an object pronoun, such as him, or it. 193. 141.5e - English direct object pronouns: Direct objects in English. All the objects in the sentences that we've just been looking at, our direct objects because they're being directly affected by the verb. Similarly, the object pronouns we've been looking at are all direct object pronouns. Here are all the direct object pronouns that exist in English. Me, you him, her or them. Me, you him, her or them. So that all the direct object pronouns in English, and in English, the direct objects and direct object pronouns all come after the verb. E.g. can you help me? Well, me is an object pronoun. It comes after help. I can see you. You is the object pronoun. I can see Pierre. Pierre is an object in this sentence. I can see him. Him is an object pronoun. If it's a name or a noun is just an object. But if it's one of those words, MeYou, him, her, it, almost all of them. It's called an object pronoun. I can see Murray. Bill Murray is an object. She's the thing that's being seen. I can see her. Well, that's the object pronoun. We've replaced Murray, the object with her, the object pronoun. Can you see us? 0 is an object pronoun. I can see Marie and Pierre. Marie and Pierre that both nouns, and they're both objects. They're the things that are being seen. I can see Marie and Pierre. We can replace them with an object pronoun. I can see them. Them is the object pronoun. I can see the dog. The dog is the object. We can replace it with an object pronoun. I can see it. It is the object pronoun. I am eating a pizza. Well, a pizza is a noun and it's the object. We can replace it with eight, which is the object pronoun, I'm eating it. They've bought a present. A present is the object and it's a noun. We can replace it with an object pronoun, they've bought it. She got two cards. So two cards is a noun and it's an object. It's the thing that she got. She got them yesterday. Them is the object pronoun. I heard Pierre. Pierre is an object. We can replace it with an object pronoun. I heard him. She heard us. So 0 is an object pronoun. They saw us is still the object pronoun, even though we've changed the subject. I didn't find the passports. The passport is a noun and it's an object in this sentence, it's the thing that hasn't been found. I couldn't find them. Them is an object pronoun. He is finished. The book. The book is object and it's a noun. We can replace it with an object pronoun. He's finished it. So it is the object pronoun. In English, objects or object pronouns like it in this sentence always come after the verb. So we've got he's finished. It. Finished is the verb and it comes after it. So it is the object pronoun. 194. 141.5f - English indirect object pronouns: Indirect objects in English, indirect objects are objects that are indirectly affected by a verb. In English, this is usually shown by using the word to in front of the noun. They are very often used alongside a direct object. E.g. I'm sending the book to Pierre. I'm sending the book to Pierre. The book is the direct object. To Pierre is the indirect object. So the book is the direct object because it's being directly affected by the verb is the thing that's actually being sent. However, Pierre is also being affected because the books being sent to him, but he's being indirectly affected. So the book is the direct object to Pierre, is the indirect object. I'm giving the key to Murray. The key is the direct object. To Marie is the indirect object. In that sentence, the key is the thing that's being given. So it's being directly affected by the verb. It's being given to Murray. She is being indirectly affected by the verb. The key is the direct object and to Marie is the indirect object. In those two sentences we've just looked at, the indirect object came after. The direct object in this example, to Murray comes after the key. I'm giving the key to Marie. However, in English, you can put them near the way round if you like. The only thing to note is that if you put the indirect object in front of the direct object, you don't need the word to in there anymore. E.g. I'm giving the book to Pierre. Well, that becomes, I'm giving Pierre the book. So when two Pierre goes in front of the book, the word to disappears. I'm giving the book to Pierre. And giving Pierre the book. I'm giving the key to Marie. If we put Murray in front of the key, the word to disappears. I'm giving Murray the key. So if the indirect object comes after, you have to put two in front of it. If it comes in front of the direct object, the two disappears. So I'm giving the book to be air. I'm giving piano book. I'm giving the key to Marie. I'm giving Murray the key. Just like with the direct objects, the indirect objects can also be replaced with indirect object pronouns. So I'm giving the book to Pierre. What we could say, I'm giving the book to him to Pierre is the indirect object. To him is the indirect object pronoun. I'm giving the key to Murray. Will that will become I'm giving the key to her. To her is the indirect object pronoun. Again, if you put the indirect object pronoun in front of the direct object, you get rid of the word to. So I'm giving the book to him. That sentence to him comes after the direct object, but we can put it in front and we get I'm giving him the book. So it goes from to him, to him. I'm giving the book to him. I'm giving him the book. Similarly, I'm giving the key to her. I'm giving her the key. So in English, when the indirect object pronoun comes after the direct object, we put the word to in front of it, to him, to her. But when the indirect object pronoun comes in front of the direct object, the word disappears. I'm giving him the book, I'm giving her the key. 195. 141.5g - direct objects in French: Here are all the indirect object pronouns that exist in English. To me, to you, to him, to her, to it, to us, to them. So you can see I've put the word to in brackets and that's because sometimes in English we say two and sometimes we don't say two. Here are some example sentences with indirect objects and indirect object pronouns in English. What are you saying to me? So to me is the object pronoun, specifically the indirect object pronoun. Can I give this to you? To you is the indirect object. Pronoun. Can you send this to Pierre? To Pierre is the indirect object, so it's a noun. You can change to Pierre to an indirect object pronoun and get, can you send this to him? To him is the indirect object pronoun. Another example of this, I'm going to send the book to Marie. To Marie is an indirect object. We can change it to a pronoun and we get, I'm going to send the book to her. Can you show the room tours. Tours is the indirect object pronoun. He sent it to Marie and Pierre. To Marie and Pierre is the indirect object. We can change to Marie and Pierre from a noun to a pronoun and we get, he sent it to them. To them is the indirect object pronoun. I gave the bone to the dog. To the dog is the object, is the indirect object. We can change to the dog, which is a noun, to a pronoun. I gave the bone to it. So it is the indirect object pronoun. So that's indirect object pronouns. In English, you can put two in front of them, but if you place them in front of a direct object, you don't put two in front of them. E.g. you can imagine with that sentence, can you show the room tools? If you place two O's in front of the room, while the word too would disappear because it would be, can you show us the room? So now we've seen what direct objects and indirect objects are in English. We can start to tackle them in French. 196. 141.5h - indirect objects in French: Direct objects in French. In French, direct objects come after the verb, just like in English, e.g. Lucia, much less so he looks sharp. Last two or three. This means the cat is eating the mouse. So last or heat. Or the mouse is the direct object in this sentence because it is the thing that's being eaten. Lucia, Maher, Melhem, Lucia more column. This means the dog is biting the man. Or the man is the direct objects in this sentence because it's the thing that's being bitten. And just like in English, the direct objects are coming after the verb. And also just like in English, the direct objects in French can be replaced by direct object pronouns. We've already seen them, but here they are again, just in case. There's mu, which means me to, meaning you. Low, which means him or it means or it new means. Of course, Wu means you. Lay means them. The direct object pronouns come straight in front of the verb. In French, this is where it differs a little to English. So if you look at that sentence again, Lucia moans, last story. Lucia March, last story. Which means the cat is eating the mouse. Well, we can change last story, which is a feminine noun to law, meaning it. And you get Lucia laminins. Laminins. And this means the cat is eating it. In English, the word it comes after the verb, but in French, we put it in front of the verb. Shambles, last war, he means the cat is eating the mouse. Lucia lamas, the cat is eating it. Here's another Lucia, more Harlem Lucia Muslim. The dog is biting the man. Well, we can replace them with the direct object pronoun, which means him, Lucia, LUMO, Lucia and learn more. The dog is biting him. Say you can see how French is a little bit different to English in that the direct objects come after the verb. But when we change them to direct object pronouns, they come in front of the verb. 197. 141.5i - indirect object pronouns in French: Indirect objects in French. In English, an indirect object can be introduced with the word too, as we've already seen in French, and indirect object is introduced with the word instead. E.g. jade only likely appear. J Donella, Claire Pierre. I gave the key to Pierre. Pierre or to PF is the indirect object. Yellow lever, arm of the lever. Emory. I sent the book to Marie. So Almaty means to Marie, and that's the indirect object. Just like in English, the indirect object can come after the direct object, like in these two sentences that we've just seen. Or they can also go in front of direct object. However, unlike in English, the word are most always go in front of the indirect object, even though the word to in English disappears. So let's change these two sentences so that the indirect object goes in front of the direct object. So we've got J Dani, likely or unlikely IPS, which means I gave the key to Pierre. Well, if we put up in front of likely, we get J don't appear likely. Likely. And this means in English, I gave Pierre the key. So you see how in English the word to disappears. In French, the word are always has to go in front of the indirect object. So literally you're saying I gave to Pierre the key. The other sentence, Zhong Duan to leave her armory, which means I sent the book to Marie, would become J on YE Ameri lever. If we move our mathy in front of the direct object J on Vijay Almaty lever. And this means I sent Murray the book, or literally I sent to Murray the book. And you can put them anyway round. They're both just as common as each other. So you can put the indirect object in front of the direct object or after the direct object. Now, we learned earlier in this lesson that the word Louis means him. When to him is implied. This is because Louis is an indirect object pronoun. All the indirect objects in French can be replaced by indirect object pronouns. So here are all the indirect object pronouns in French. Means me or to me means you or to you. Louis can mean him or to him. Louis can also mean her or to her. New means OS or tools. Wu means you or to you and learn means them or to them. Layer is one that we haven't seen before. In French, the indirect object pronouns come directly in front of the verb. So this is again where it differs slightly from English. J Donella clay at Pierre. You donate likely appear, means I gave the key to Pierre. Well, we can replace our Pierre or to Pierre with an indirect object pronoun, and we get is you Louis a10 likely jewelry a Donate. Luckily, this means I gave the key to him or I gave him the key. Literally, I to him. Gave the key. Is you Louis Aidan a likely? Or look at the sentence, J own way, a leaf or a Maori pain reliever, Ameri, this means I sent the book to Marie. Well, we can replace two Murray or Almaty with the indirect object pronoun Louis, which also means to her. And you would get a yellow leaf jewelry, ANY a lever. I sent the book to her or I sent her the book. You Louis, ANY yellow lever? So the indirect object pronoun goes in front of the verb. 198. 141.5j - indirect object verbs: There are certain verbs in French that require an indirect object or an indirect object pronoun. We've seen a couple of them in the example sentences that we've been working through, we've had to send, which is on VIII and to give money. But here is a shortlist with some more verbs that you should use, an indirect object or an indirect object pronoun with dear. Dear means to tell or to say to someone. Dia. On YE means to send to donate. Donate. Means to give, to donate or patently are patently to talk to or to speak too badly. And that bond or bond, to answer or to reply to a Vet Bond law. How would you say in French? I sent the book to him. Louis, ANY yellow lever? You, Louie, Louie, Louie. Louie means to him, and it goes in front of the verb. So you say Louis, ANY relief to him? Sent in the book? Is you Louis ANY pain reliever? I gave her the money. Louis Aidan a lesion. Usually we donate lounge on. So again, Louis can mean to her or to him. And so in this sentence it means to her, I gave her the money in English. Don't forget though, the word to disappears when her goes in front of the money. But you could say in English, I gave the money to her. But in French it would always be your louis Aidan a Lagrangian. I gave them money. How would you say she told me yesterday? Yeah. My D E F. So hopefully that one was a bit more simple. And my D E F, they spoke to us in Luzon badly. In Luzon badly. 199. 141.5k - practise with indirect object verbs: How would you say in French? Pierre didn't answer her. Pierre Louis at pi bond you, Pierre, newly we have pi bond, you had bond is one of those verbs that always takes an indirect object. And so we say literally, Pierre didn't reply to her newly upon you. I sent the book to Pierre genome, why he leave her own way to lever up here. I gave the money to Marie Jaden. Jaden a lounge on. She told Pierre LID LID appear. So don't forget that Dia means to tell or to say, and you always have to have an indirect object. After that verb. And indirect objects are introduced with the word or. So literally you're saying She told to Pierre LID RPF. He spoke to Marie, Eli Eli polyamory. I gave them the book. You learn a Danilo lever is you literally don't leave her. There was a new one. It means them or to them as you learned on a leaf. And how would you say she didn't answer Pierre? In a pi bond, you appear in that bond do appear. Literally. She didn't reply to Pierre in that pi bond up here. 200. 141.5l - to him or to her: We've been seeing that the word Louis can mean to him or to her when it's used as an indirect object pronoun. Because of this, it can sometimes be unclear as to which one is referring. Well, if this confusion should ever occur, you can clarify whom you're talking about by adding a little clarifier onto the end of the sentence. If Louis means to him, you could add the clarifier at Louis, which literally means word for word to him to the end of the sentence. On the other hand, if you want Louis to mean to her, you can add the clarifier at, which literally means to her to the end of the sentence. E.g. if you said Julie a leaf, that can mean I sent the book to him, but it could also mean I sent the book to her. So to clarify, you can say Louie. Louie. Louie is the clarifier that you can put on the end to share that it means to him, should we ANY and Oliva at Louis? Or you can add the clarifier. Usually we ANY a leaf. A leaf or L means I sent the book to her. These clarifiers are optional additions that you can add some sentences only if they're unclear. So you can just say jewelry, ANY yellow leaf. If it's clear that you're saying I sent the book to him or I sent the book to her. But you can add our Louis or L to the end of the sentences to just add extra clarification. Jewelry. Jewelry AD means I told him, but it could also mean I told her. You can add a Louis to the end to clarify, you Louie Louie Louie, Louie. I told him. Similarly, if you want it to mean I told her, you can say a D or a D or L. I told her. So all those little bits in brackets are optional. You only use them if it's confusing as to whom you're talking about. So how would you say in French, did you speak to him? Louis at you badly and Louie Louie Bupa layer Louis. I've left the allele on the end in brackets. So you can see that it's not necessary, but you can use it if it's unclear. Did you speak to her Louis and to ballet or Louis Aviva ballet or L. The L is optional. You can just say Louis u2 ballet. Ballet. And that means did you speak to her? But because it can also mean did you speak to him? We can add a L Just to clarify, Louis, at two bar layer L, we have a new ballet. 201. 141.5m - practise with clarifiers: How would you say in French, I gave the key to him. Louis a donee, likely. You'll be a Donate likely. Or you can add the clarifier. A donut like clay or Louie. Louie. Louie. Because by itself, usually you'll be a10 likely. I mean, I gave the key to him or I gave the key to her. By adding alluded to the end. You'll just clarifying that it means to him. How would you say I gave the key to her? Jewelry? Aidan? A likely. Or you can add the clarifier. Usually, we don't need like clay or a10 likely or have you told him where you left the key? Louis, A-to-D LUV would likely. Do we likely. Have you told her where you left the key? Louis at UDID would likely we would lyse. Luckily, the clarifiers are only ready for L and Louis because all the other indirect object pronouns can only mean one thing anyway, it's just Louie that can mean to him or to her. So how would you say they sent us everything last week? It moves on to overheat as men down here in news on to our last main down, yeah. Did you give them the souvenirs? At you donate least souvenir. Little heavy food on a souvenir means to them, and it goes in front of the verb, like all the other indirect object pronouns. So in this sentence that goes in front of the auxiliary verb or Aviva, had to donate and learn how they viewed on a, did you give them literally to them? Did you give the souvenirs at to donate leads to near Abby will donate student here. 202. 141.5n - practise with indirect object pronouns: How would you say in French? I spoke to her this morning. You leave a balance the mat down, or you can add the clarifier because you'll be a path layer by layer l Sumatran. I spoke to him this morning. You leave a bad lithium atom, or we can add the clarifier. Is you Louie? Louie semitone is you'll be a ballet. Summer time. She spoke to me yesterday. Mapoverlay year in map ballet. He gave us the money in news. I don't need lounge on news. I don't. Did you answer them? Live at you happen to you? Little heavy upon you. So literally it means did you reply to them? And they can be quite tricky remembering where to put these indirect object pronouns when you're speaking because they go in a different place to where they go in English. In English we say, did you answer them or did you reply to them? But in French you say literally to them. Did you reply at you happen to you? Or you can also do is try changing the sentence just by changing the indirect object pronoun. So rather than saying, did you answer them, try saying, did you answer him, Louis, at too high fondue? Or did you answer us new at you happen to you? Or did you answer me? Matthew hypotenuse? You can do that with all these sentences we've been doing in these videos, you can go back through each one and try changing the indirect object pronoun to a different indirect object pronoun and just have a go at translating them. The more you do, the more familiar you become with where these indirect object pronouns go in the sentence. So low that you happened to you or little heavy happened, you mean did you answer them or did you reply to them? Literally to them. Did you reply after you get upon layer upon you? 203. 141.5o - practise with indirect object pronouns: How would you say in French? He hasn't answered us. In the news or pi bond, you knew that pi bond? I didn't answer her because I didn't hear her originally present on do you know a pi bond? Do I added vascular generally peasants on you? So this sentence has got an indirect object pronoun Louis, and a direct object pronoun la. Louis means to her. And the word lap just means here. I didn't reply to her because I didn't hear her. Louis a pi bond you. And then to clarify, our original liposome, don't do. How would you say I didn't answer him because I didn't hear him. So in this sentence, the first hymn is the indirect object pronoun because it's, I didn't reply to him because I didn't hear him. The second him is a direct object pronoun. Generally a pi bond you LV, pascals, you know, late pass on to undo. Generally we a Pi bond do IUIE vascular generally doesn't undo. The Louis means him as in to him, and the word love in front of the a doesn't undo, means him as a direct object pronoun. How would you say I'm going to send a postcard? You may appear in cat postal. Uv on YA, appear in cat postal. We say up here, because it's an indirect object. And in French, or indirect objects have to be introduced with the word literally means I'm going to send a postcard. Remember that if we did it the other way round in English, we would say, I'm going to send a postcard to Pierre. So it's the English where the two disappears. In French, the word doesn't disappear no matter where you put the indirect object, Gervais on Vijay appear in Boston. How would you say I'm going to send him a postcard? You Vale be on Vijay in character style. We can add the clarifier UV. In cat pose style. We're going to send her a postcard news alone in cowboy style. Or you can add the clarifier news alone, Leon Vijay in gospel style. Finally, how would you say they send us a postcard when they went abroad? In news on top am cat postal county, Santa Fe, electron g in New Zealand on Vijay in Casper style, consistently electron Z. 204. 141.5p - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in French? Can you give me the key? Purdue Madani, likely. A Wu middle Nala Clay. Who sent us this letter. Key Newstown. Why is it letter? Key Newstown? Vijay said later, I'm going to give everything to them. Uv little donate to UV, little donate to say remember, means to them. She told him that she doesn't want to go on holiday with him. And Louie Louie Louie Louie. I gave them €10. You know, I donate diesel. Giuliani donate this whole he wants to write to me my career in the MCI. Have you answered Murray? At your hypotenuse, MRE have eval happened you Emory. I gave her the book yesterday. A Danilo lever I add Yeah. You should we add another leaf? Yeah. He's told us he's going to show us everything tomorrow. Knew that the given new Monterey to demand in loser de Monterrey to demand. Did you give her what she wants? Louis at you donate to convert Louis Aviv who donates again. 205. 141.5q - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What do these friends sentences mean in English? A VD or DV, courageous VCC movie will be the value we could use VDC. Can you tell him that I'm here? You will. We don't need a passport or Louis. You'll be a Donnelly passport or Louis. I gave him the passports. Might donate the souvenir. This souvenir. She gave me two souvenirs. Could we add to one Vijay, LV? Could we at u and v, What did you send him? That till Monterey. Who? Eli me. That in Monterey. Did he show you where he put it? You innovate pile. We won't call Amazon. You innovate value. Yvonne, hello Mason. I'm not going to sell him the house. Or actually in this sentence because we've just used Louis and there's no clarifier. It could also mean I'm not going to sell here the house. We actually don't need a bacteria. Both. At you don't need a bacteria. Why did you give her the car? Keeler radicals and Marsh bar, kilo Heidi, Cassandra mash bar. Who told them it isn't working. You know, I do a summer time. You learn a to E Samatha. I sent them everything this morning. In Nepantla. Yeah. You knew ballet? Yeah. They were talking to us yesterday. 206. 141.75a - Recap of object pronouns: We're going to have one final mini lesson in which we're going to finish off looking at object pronouns. In the first of these three mini lessons, we learned the direct object pronouns, which were more meaning me to, meaning you, meaning him or eight. Law, meaning her or eight. New meaning ofs, which means you and lay, which means them. Then we let the indirect object pronouns. In the next mini lesson. We had more, which means me or to me means you or to you. Louis means him or to him. Louis can also mean her or to her. New means. Also to OS. Wu means you or to you and learn means them or to them. As you can see, most of the direct and indirect object pronouns are the same as each other, except for him, her, and them. As direct object pronouns there, look, lat and lay as indirect object pronouns there, Louie, Louie, and how would you say in French? I don't understand it. You know, a compound bar is going to compound path. I don't understand him. Look compound path. You know, the compound bar. I don't understand her gender. That compound path is, you know, like compound path. I'm going to find it uv. Uv look to obey. I'm going to find him. Look two-way. You've made a two-way. I'm going to find her. You avail at Ruby is your Veda two-way. 207. 141.75b - Recap of object pronouns: How would you say in French? Did you see them? Laser to view or laser Vivo? They source in Luzon view, even lose on view. He's getting the book to me. Madonna leaf. The leaf. I'm going to give you the book. You're going to donate a lever. You've ever done a lever? I gave him the book. You Louis a. Donated to leave her. Or you can add a clarifier. Is you Louis a. Danilo lever. And Louis, How would you say I gave her the book? Jewelry? A Danilo lever. Or you can add the clarifier again, is usually a Danilo lever. He's giving the book tours in new. Don't leave her. Include only leave her. I have already given you everything. You did they react to DNA? To DNA. We gave them the book. New layer, I want another leaf. New avant donate, leave her. 208. 141.75c - putting direct and indirect object pronouns together: We've seen lots of examples of how to use direct object pronouns and indirect object pronouns by themselves in sentences. But what about if you want to use a direct object pronoun and an indirect object pronoun together. E.g. I. Gave it to him. I gave it to him. Well, it is a direct object pronoun, and to him is an indirect object pronoun. In the last lesson, we learned that you can put indirect objects together with direct objects and that it doesn't matter which way around they go. However, if you replace the objects with object pronouns, then you have to remember this little phrase. The letter l always comes second. The letter l always comes second. Now we'll see what that means in a minute. If you want to say something like he gave it to me yesterday, he gave it to me yesterday. We have two object pronouns in that sentence. It and to me. It is the direct object pronoun, and to me is the indirect object pronoun. In French, these are low for it, and move forward to me. Now the phrase I told you to remember was the letter l always comes second. What I mean by this is that if you have low and move together in the same sentence, the loop would always come second. So he gave it to me, is mulatto any ill Madani? So the low contracts to l apostrophe because it's in front of a word that starts with a vowel, and it comes second. The l always comes second. In Latin, donee, he gave it to me. This works with all combinations of object pronouns. The pronoun that starts with an L. So look, lat or lay will always come after anything else, e.g. in new law on VIII. In new long way. He sent it to us. Pierre Madani. Pierre. Pierre gave it to me. Marie. Marie. Marie is going to give it to you. Pierre Boulez on demand. Pierre Lilly's on weatherman. Pierre is sending them to me tomorrow. So the object pronoun that starts with an L always comes second. So how would you say, when are you going to send them to me? Combat tumulus on YE constantly Wu Millie's on YE. 209. 141.75d - practice with multiple object pronouns: How would you say in French? I can send it to you later. Jupiter, long way deeply tab. You prevalent YA Plutarch. Can you show it to us? But you know, lumen Ray, who newly Monterey. I sold it to you yesterday. You want is you to live on you? Yeah. Why didn't he give it to you? Book what? Neutrality? Bodoni. Bold. Bodoni. Can I tell it to you tomorrow? Please? You to the idea of the man. She gave it to me last week. Mulatto name, last name, and down near Madani, last men down here. I offered them to you. You should do laissez, faire. You've laid the affair. So we've got an S on the end of affair because Lei is plural and it's the object. So we have to agree the past participle. How would you say they sent them to us? Listen, Dawn Vijay, new lays on top of YE. So again, we've got an S on the end of this past participle and Vijay, because the object of the sentence is lay, which is plural, meaning them. So we have to agree the past participle, you knew lays on nonwhite. 210. 141.75e - the two rules: So the phrase I told you to learn was the letter l always comes second. But what happens if both the object pronouns start with an L, like Louie, Louie or Lulu? Well, we can add a little bit extra to the phrase. The letter l. Always come second. Long L comes after short L. Long L comes after short L. What I mean by long L or the words Louis and learn. And short l. Other words lat and lay. If you look at this little table, we will see them separated. So on the left you have the short el la, la and lay. They mean him, her and them, or alert and Lacan also mean it. Then in the right-hand column we have the lung l Louis, and they mean him, her or to him and to hire them or to them. I call them long L because Louis and sound a bit longer than lat and lay when you say them out loud. But when you have two of them together, the lung l always comes after the short L. E.g. hello Louis. Any jewelry? Am Vijay? I sent it to him or I sent it to her. We have Louis. The short while loop comes in front of the lung l Louie, Louie ANY or Pierre Louis. Pierre. Louis Pierre gave it to her or Pierre gave it to him. Maggie. Maggie, low-level donee. Murray is going to give it to them. So the short L loop goes in front of the log l. Mathy valid. Donee Pierre Louis on what domain? Pierre Louis on weatherman. Pierre is sending them to her tomorrow or Pierre is sending them to him tomorrow. So Pierre, Louis, ladies, the short L and Louie. Louie on demand. If you have two object pronouns together in the same sentence, that both start with the letter L. You put the long L, Louis after the short L laterally. So how would you say in French, when are you going to send them to him? Combat to little b. Little b on YE 211. 141.75f - order of object pronouns recap: How would you say in French? I can send it to her later. You put will be on why you put me on why. Can you show it to them? But you Lula Monterrey. Monterrey. I sold it to him yesterday. You have on your ear jewelry Avon do? Yeah. Why didn't he give it to her? Normal we are tilted on a newly added by DNA. Can I tell it to them tomorrow? Little d or demand, excuse you put Lulu idea domain. So now that you know the order to put the object pronouns in when they're in front of the verb. It's simply a matter of practicing them until they roll off the tongue. What you want is for the order to sound natural to you. The more translations we do, the more natural the order is going to sound. And then you'll be able to say them without thinking. For now though, just remember that the letter l always comes second. The long tail comes after the short L. Here's a little diagram to show you the order of the object pronouns. So first we have two, new and new and novel. Always go first, then lat and lay, lot and lay. And then finally Louis. And go at the end. Louis and low means me or to me. Two means you or to, you know, means OS or tools. And woo means you or to you. So none of those start with letter L. So we put them first, then means it or Him. Law means her or it. And lay means them. And then Louis means him or to him or her, or to her. And Means them, or to them. 212. 141.75g - me le: Another thing that you can do in order to get the sounds of the object pronouns in your head is to write a list of all the possible combinations. There are 18 in total. Then say a few sentences using each combination. Let's go through the combinations right now. Molar. Molar means it to me. Mola. Mola means it to me in the feminine. Malaise. Malaise means them to me. To tailor it to you, to law, to allow it to you in the feminine and to lay, to lay them to you. Bueller. Bueller means it to you before la, viola, it to you in the feminine. And overlay. Overlay means them to you. Nulla, nulla. Nulla, nulla it to us in the feminine. And newly, newly them to us. Louie. Louie means it to him or to her. Lula. Lula means it to them. Louie. Louie means it to him or to her in the feminine. Lawler means it to them in the feminine. Louie. Louie means them to him or them to her. And then Leyla lay there, means them to them. What we'll do now is do a few practice translations for each combination. We'll start with Motorola, which means it to me. How would you say in French, Pierre is giving it to me. Pierre melanin. Melanin is going to give it to me. Pierre rambled on a piano. Melody on a PA, has given it to me. Pierre melatonin. Melatonin 213. 141.75h - me la, me les, te le: Now let's have a look at some examples with my lab molar, which means it to me in the feminine. How would you say PA is giving it to me? And it stands for a feminine noun. Pierre malathion. Malathion, PA, is going to give it to me. Bf OF that mulatto knee. Pierre Van Halen, Dani Pierre has given it to me. Pierre melatonin. Melatonin. And don't forget you have to add the extra e to the end of donee because it is a feminine noun. Now let's have a look at some examples where the lei, which means them to me. How would you say in French? Pierre is giving them to me. Pierre Marie laden. Laden. Pierre is going to give them to me. Pierre Van may lead on a PA family Donate. Pierre has given them to me. Pierre Boulez. I don't they pierre malaise, I don t a and we have an S on the end of donee because it has to agree with the plural lay, meaning them. Now we'll look at some example sentences to lemons, it to you. So how would you say using the informal to Pierre is giving it to you? Pierre. Done. Pierre. Pierre is going to give it to you. Pierre vat to lead on a PA that delete on a PA, has given it to you to land on a pierre to land on a 214. 141.75i - te la, te les, vous le: To law means it to you when it is feminine. So how would you say in French, PA is giving it to you? To lead on to lead on. Pierre is going to give it to you. To Latane. Pierre has given it to you. To land on a piano to ladder name to lay means them to you. So how would you say in French, PA is giving them to you today done? Pierre to lay down. Pierre is going to give them to you. Pierre, that to lead on a piano that to lay down a Pierre has given them to you. Pierre to leave that on a pierre to laser, don't forget, we have to add the S to the end of donee because it has to agree with LE. Then Wu Lu hula means it to you. If we use the formal you or the plural you. So how would you say PA is giving it to you? Pierre wounded on Piazza voted on Pierre is going to give it to you. Pierre voted on a piece of Abu load on a PA, has given it to you. Pierre Vlad on a piano, Rolando name. 215. 141.75j - vous la, vous les, nous le: Hula means it to you in the feminine. So how would you say Pierre is giving it to you? Pierre. Pierre rule add-on. Pa is going to give it to you. Pierre. Pierre. Pierre has given it to you. Pierre will add on a Pierre Boulez Dani. And then we'll lay means them to you. So how would you say PA is giving them to you? Ovulate on Pierre Boulez. John Pierre is going to give them to you. Pierre. Pierre Boulez on a PA, has given them to you. Pierre Boulez. Pierre Boulez adenine. Then nulla means it to us. Nulla. So how would you say Pierre is giving it to us? Pierre, newly done. Pierre, Nora done. Pierre is going to give it to us via newly donee. Pierre Van noted on a piano has given it to us. Pierre. Pierre knew that donee. 216. 141.75k - nous la, nous les, le lui: New law is the feminine form of IT tools. So how would you say Pierre is giving it to us? Pierre nulla add-on. Pierre New Leiden. Pa is going to give it to us. Pierre Van nulla donee. Pierre Van knew that on a PA has given it to us. Pierre, new lead on a nulla donate. Newly, newly means them to us. So how would you say in French, Pierre is giving them to us. Pierre, newly done. Pierre, newly done. Pierre is going to give them to us. Pierre, new leader named Pierre Van laid on a PR, has given them to us. Pierre Boulez, Anthony, Pierre Boulez, add-on. Louie. Louie can mean it to him or to her. Louis. How would you say in French, Pierre is giving it to him? Pierre Louis done or Pierre? Louis. Pierre is going to give it to him. Pierre valid we donee or Pierre? Pierre has given it to him. Pierre Louis or donee or Pierre Louis add-on a LOT. 217. 141.75l - la lui: How would you say in French, Pierre is giving it to her? Pierre Louis done or Pierre Louis done. Pierre is going to give it to her. Valid or invalid. We donate. Pierre has given it to her. Pierre Louis adenine or Pierre Louis. Louis means it to him or to her when you're referring to a feminine noun. So how would you say PA is giving it to him? Pierre Louis Vuitton or Pierre Louis, don't we? Pierre is going to give it to him. Pierre. Pierre Louis. How would you say Pierre has given it to him? Pierre Louis, I don't envy Pierre Louis adenine and we Pierre is giving it to her. Pierre lobby done or Pierre Louis done. Pierre is going to give it to her. Pierre. Pierre. Pierre has given it to her. Pierre Louis add on a Pierre Louis, I don't they. 218. 141.75m - les lui, le leur: The combination of Louie. Louie means them to him or them to her. So how would you say in French, Pierre is giving them to him? Pierre Louis done or Pierre Louis done. Pierre is going to give them to him. Pierre valid, donee or Pierre valid. We don't envy. Pierre has given them to him. Pierre Louis add-on a Pierre Louis add-on a LV. Pierre is giving them to her. Pierre little bit on or Pierre. Pierre is going to give them to her. Pierre valid we donate. Or Pierre. Pierre has given them to her. Pierre Louis adenine or Pierre Louis I donate. Lula means it to them. So how would you say in French, Pierre is giving it to them? Pierre Louis Jordan. Pierre Louis Jordan, PA, is going to give it to them. Pierre. Pierre. Pierre has given it to them. Pierre, Lula. Lula add-on. 219. 141.75n - la leur, les leur: The combination of Lalla means it to them when it is referring to a feminine noun. So how would you say Pierre is giving it to them? Pierre. Pierre, little dawn, PA is going to give it to them. Pierre. Pierre. Pierre has given it to them. Pierre, Pierre, Louis, and RNA. And then Leila. Leila means them to them. So how would you say in French, Pierre is giving them to them? Lilian done, Pierre, Leila are done. Pa is going to give them to them. Pierre Valley level, donee Pierre Valley level donee Pierre has given them to them. Pierre Leilah. Leilah had on a, there's just one extra little thing I wanted to mention in this lesson. You know how we can add our Louis or at the end of sentences to clarify that it's to him or to her. Well, remember that those are called stressed pronouns, and we can actually add any stress pronoun to the end of our domain to that person. E.g. moire means to me at TWA, to you and Louis, to him or to her, new, to us. Woo you to them and to them in the feminine. You can add these to the ends of sentences just to add emphasis. Or you can also use them by themselves. If you don't have any verb. E.g. how would you say not to him? Present Louie. Louie. Not to them. Or pasa en or how would you say they're going to send the money to us? And you're emphasizing ofs. Well, you could just say 11 news on Vijay lounge on. News on Vijay lounge on. But you can add a new to the end instead and say equivalent on Vijay Lagrangian. And it just adds emphasis to us in the long run. 220. 141.75o - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in French, they wrote it to you directly or in Boulogne tech fee. Or you can add the stress pronouns to the end to add emphasis. And you can say, if the non-tech clay at trois or evil and they create a woo, How would you say I'm going to send them to them? You really learn YE or you could add a stress pronoun. You have any live on YA or uvula, Hawaii. I'm going to send them to her. You evade envy on YE you validly on why. They've sent it to me. In Milan, 2y0 in Milan. Been YA armoire. Not to me. Because I'm one pass I'm one. Who gave it to her. Key, Lily readonly. Key, Louis hedonia. I'm going to send it to him. You very early on. Ye you've made it to me on YA not to pass out. They told it to me yesterday. In Milan, D. E F email on D. Armoire. Yeah. Don't show it to me. Normal amount of normal them on paper. Or of course you could at the armoire to the end, number them on paper. Moire. 221. 141.75p - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What are these French sentences mean in English? You evaded be on YJ, UV, little b on y j i l. I'm going to send it to her. Virtually of or Louie. Louie of rarely. Are you going to offer it to him. Puzzle we pass or not to him. New Lalla have on a new layer on Vijay. Yeah. We sent it to them yesterday. In the MATLAB Python code on a normal Python code underneath. She hadn't given it to me yet. You Veblen YE UV VLAN, why? I'm going to send it to you. You pass Kilauea theta L G Pose, kilocalorie actually died. I think he wrote it to her. Paso. Not to them. You invade pattern of y-hat where you shouldn't be pattern on Vijay at BWA. I'm not going to send it to you or to donate. Lula had to Dani. Have you given it to them? 222. 142a - Comprehension exercise part 1: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases will enter the last lesson. How do you say in French, okay? To agree with DACA Avik. It's agreed Sedaka to agree to do something or to be willing to do something extra that car pool, to be ready to do something. Play with me. I think more with you in the informal sector. With him, louis, with her. I think. With oneself. With those. With you in the plural. Available. With them. Avik. With them in the feminine. Avik comprehension. This lesson's text is somebody talking about wanting to become a farmer. It goes to agriculture, to pascals Jim, have either C or D shows on particularly the legume. It is ELB. You land on stone deaf. Wow, my popular film, a trombone. Gym at how active is your sake? Let me sum to zero. Occupied or swear. Jim, phonetic Ave, don't reach out and pull my poem. Asian family touch on plain air. Just click hepatic, GPJ, monotone, Asian families, animal. You quite kiloton, postpone the pool. What have I said? Neo see the prover can communicate ethically is ultra. See you pause because you sweet three-person a column. Don't list. It was stressful and I'm an IV. They carry taste and protons portrait by gate. Don't let it MEA in laser hair a long ACT deficiency, measuring this region me on VA, thalamic convey uncle that have a DVC lonesome film. Jim let have IKEA's stimuli. 223. 142b - Comprehension exercise part 2: So let's have a look at what this text means. The first paragraph goes right into agriculture to pass collegium provider OC, gender, fair to say the shoes on particularly the legume, It is L, G land on that map. Popular film at Toronto. Routinize it ethical to pass collegium provider or seizure. Dr. QCD shows on particularly the legume, a desirable proper film at Toronto. So this paragraph means I would like to be a farmer because I liked working outside. Also, I love growing things, in particular vegetables and herbs. I plan on having my own farm at 30 years old. There are a few words and phrases that are new to us in this paragraph, as well as lots that we've already made before. The word DOE is a relatively new one for us. So you might need a reminder that it means outside. E.g. in football is on foam. Judo. In fable, a liaison for Judo. It's nice out and the children are playing outside. London. The set Mason a placebo because on the lander here at Mason a placebo because on the inside of this house is more beautiful than it's outside. Pando Jetta, though. I'm waiting for you outside. The next new verb for us in this paragraph might not be one that you'll use that often, but it's always good to build our passive vocabulary. The person says, shadow, fair to say the show's gender, fair to say? They shows the phrase, fair to say means to grow as integral flowers or to grow vegetables. E.g. Mongo homepage, they pulsate the tomato. Don't shut down. Mongolian pair FAPE who say they don't some jot down. My grandfather grows tomatoes in his garden. Jim, their ***. *** say, I like growing flowers. You think Lucy said soft demand. You affect Bu, say, set soft Dumont. I'm growing seven kinds of mint, quaffed, boo, boo say the plastic. Fat boo boo say the plastic. Why are you growing watermelons? Felt Bu means to grow, as in you're growing something. The word poor say by itself, means to grow in the sense of something growing itself. E.g. Lily post beyond Lily PM. This means the vegetables are growing well. It also has a second meaning. Post-sale can mean to push. So you can imagine the vegetables pushing their way up through the soil. Post-sale about J Pool, say, I pushed the door. Noodle want to sell a bachelor's use go, Gosh. New davon posted about you. Use go, gosh. We have to push the car to the garage. Literally you say in French, we have to push the car until the garage. So we'll say means to push or to grow. And FERPA will stay, means to grow, as in you're growing something. 224. 142c - Comprehension exercise part 3: The last sentence in that paragraph goes, genuine concern that via my popular film jail and consumed. So the phrase shale and sandstone do literally means I have the intention of, but you can use it to mean I plan on doing something. You can put any verb after the due to say what it is you're planning on doing. E.g. Gillian Thompson, the two-fingered demand, gen Anton see on the tooth linear demand. I plan on finishing everything tomorrow. The continuity. I've evil London's from the continuity. Do you plan on carrying on in London cylinder stay the souvenir in nonpolar and consume each day the souvenir. They don't plan on buying any souvenirs. So now you know all the vocabulary. Let's read the first paragraph again. You right-click. Go to basketball games, have I80 OC jet off their *** cd shows on particularly the legume ADSL Zealand tones from my proper film at Toronto. So it means I would like to be a farmer because I liked working outside. Also, I love growing things, in particular, vegetables and herbs. I plan on having my own farm at 30 years old. The next sentence goes, Jim, attractive, is you sick? Let me sum to zero. How can they do matter on swap? Jim, attack teeth, Asia's sake, lithium me a son to show hockey, pay dermatome or swear. I like being active and I know that farmers are always busy from morning to evening. This is a fairly simple sentence, but the doMath pan or swag part is useful for us to learn. It means from morning to evening, but we have an equivalent phrase in English, from dusk till dawn. Or we could also say from dawn to dusk. And in French you can say do matter or swap, or new swatch and mutton, which would mean from evening till morning. So literally from dusk till dawn, Jim, attack teeth, Asia's sake, lithium meets on Tuesday. Hockey pay do matter. I like being active and I know that farmers are always busy from morning to evening. 225. 142d - Comprehension exercise part 4: The next paragraph is a little longer. Emphatic are very knowledgeable than palmetto home. Asian family touch on plain air. You sweet triprotic GPJ, monotone. Asian families, animal. You quite get it and proton the Mayo see the proverb young communicate ethically is alter. Seizure bond squishes with type person. It can donate situations, restaurant. I'm an Aggie. They carry important. Both have I paid on Zoom film? Jim phonetic or Vedanta jump omega home, Asian family touch on plain air. You just retry critique. Gpj, monotone hegemony is honeymoon. You quite clearly that baton the PVD have ASL, may have see the Beauvoir began communicating. Seizure bonds could just be a count only situational stress and I'm an IV and potent, but have I didn't print them. This means I like doing chores in the garden for my parents. I liked doing tasks in the fresh air. I am very practical. I can manage my time and I like animals. I believe it's important to be able to work alone, but also to be able to communicate with others. Also, I think I'm very patient and calm in stressful situations. In my opinion, important qualities for working on a farm. We've seen the word dash four chores. But in this paragraph, you have a synonym. Coffee you can convey is a chore, but it's seen more as a chore that isn't pleasant. You can say killed coffee. Killed coffee. Which means what a chore. The phrase on Blair is a nice expression. That means in the fresh air or literally in full. You can use it to talk about things that are going on. Outdoors. Liaison for you on plain air. These on phones you on plain air. The children are playing outdoors. Cinema on plain air, and cinema on plain air. And outdoor cinema. Unspectacular on plain air. Unspectacular on plain air. An open-air show. The part where he says a monotone. You present a monotone means I can manage my time. The verb j means to manage. E.g. is yeah. That means he'll manage or cope. Is yeah. Usually out month on YuJa monotone. I managed my time. Dishonest employee. Does something employee. She manages 200 employees. 226. 142e - Comprehension exercise part 5: Then in the next sentence, we see a good example of using infinitive carriers in their infinitive. It says elite and Bhutan the Mayo see the poor. Beyond communicate, I think leads alter, prove why Tobii cell means to be able to work alone. And then beyond communicate. Beyond communicate means to be able to communicate well. The final paragraph goes, let it down me. Just have a gate on Zoom film, laser hair. It a long ACT difficile mentioned Ms. regime may only a salami convenient could provide them shameless, have high key stimuli. Lifted their knee down, laser have a long ACT difficile, measured must reject me on VA, salami come yank that have ADP signals inbound. Jim not have ikea stimuli. This means last summer, I worked on a farm and the hours were long and it was difficult, but I never got bored. It suits me that their work is difficult on a farm. I like work that is stimulating. This paragraph has a few nice phrases that we can add to our vocabulary. Firstly, there's laser hair. Loss means the timetable. But you can use this in the plural to mean the hours of work, like in this paragraph where she says laser hair. It the loan the hours of work were long. Here are some more sentences with low UV, low hair can do boosts. Gervais, low hair, dubious. I'm going to check the bus timetable. No hair on the tongue. I've evil or ILD. Do you have the train timetable? Mono hair, a home plate to plasmin. Plasmin. My schedule is full all week. Laser hair, why? I gave you all the time Palantir back day. Maggie, less OF Beauvoir, a tamper loan for path D. Marie, check the timetables to see what time the train for London was leaving. The next interesting phrase in this paragraph is June missed Xiaomi on VJ. June must reject me. Meaning I never got bored. The verb it comes from is a reflexive verb, son Va, meaning to get bored. E.g. human ui. Vi means I'm getting bored. You miss three only. Jim, SVO, SVA. I got bored. Who was on vivo? You bored? Or are you getting bored? Esca to Tanya back my aqua eschaton. We have ECMO. You bored with me or what? 227. 142f - déranger: Then we have the phrase sola McCombs young, sulla, Malcolm Young, which means it suits me. A comes from the verb convenience, meaning to be suitable to suit e.g. esco several conveyance the new pattern mountain as Gustavo convenient to you if we need now. Kayla boo Columbia. Columbia. What time suits you? Some Columbia, perfect mom. Some a compound path. It's more. That suits me perfectly. So that was this lesson's comprehension text. What you can do with all the new words and phrases that we've looked at is build a few sentences of your own to put them into practice. Let's start the lesson now. Here's your first word for this lesson. Zhi De Zhe. It means to bother or to disturb delta G. So how would you say in French, I don't want to bother you. But to their own Zhe, you invert Babu their own j. Does that bother you? Closer to the orange esco savvy their homes? Or of course, instead of psi, you could use solar, which means the same thing as go to their homepage is good to allow their homes. Marie disturbed him. Maddie Maddie lead their own j. Did Pierre disturb hair? Lattice energy? Lattice energy. So we put an extra e on the end of their home g0 in this sentence because the look in front of the ideal stands for law, which is the feminine. How would you say the noise is bothering us? Lab, we knew their homes. Lab. We knew that orange. Why do you disturb me all the time? Madame wants to return both quiet methodology route to return. 228. 142g - to bother / to disturb: How would you say in French? Does it bother you if I do this? As GSA to their own? Sees your face, you see excusable their homes, sees your face to see. The book bothered a lot of people. Lever ideology book could pass on. The lever ideology book. Good person. The cockroach is bothering me. Look at me, their homes. Look FOR midday homes. Lots of things bother you. Book shows it to their homes. Book called assures Wu their homes. Are the children bothering you? Escalation fun to their own. Sql is on phone. Who their homes. I hope I didn't disturb you. Just spell because UNITAID bad day. You just spell because you know who their pedagogy. If something disturbs you, you can call me. See gigajoules to their own, happily. See caricatures of who their homes will move him up really. Really. You're not bothering me. To number the hunchback Rameau wound methodology. 229. 142h - croire: Here's your next wave for this lesson. What it means to believe. You can use it as a way to give your opinion in French, the web CWA is a little irregular, so let's conjugated into the present tense and the past tense. So in the present tense, the verb choir goes, is required, is required, which means, I believe, to quadrant, two quadrant. You believe in Cuba? In CWA? He believes Alcoa. Alcoa. She believes ANCOVA. Ancova one beliefs. New quo. New quo. We believe. Woo. Woo quite a. You believe? They believe and Alcoa. Alcoa. They believe in the feminine. So that was the present tense. And the verb CWA is one of those verbs that uses the imperfect tense rather than the present perfect tense when talking about the past. This is because in the past, if you said, I believed, it doesn't really mean you believe we want small moment in time. It tends to be a long moment of time, and that's what the imperfect tense is, four. So it's sort of like I used to believe. We get x2 quite yea. You quite yet. I believed too quiet. Too quiet. Yea. You believed it? Quite yea. Yea. He believed L quite a quiet. She believed on quite yay. Yay. One believed new cranium, New quite young, we believed were quite Yey. Wu quite yea, you believed. And J equals J. They believed. And L quite yea. Yea, they believed in the feminine. Now, you will almost always see the verb followed by the word. In French. This is because whenever you say, I believe is usually, always possible to say that after it in English. And remember that if it's possible to say that in English, you must say in French, e.g. you're quite good. Pl, the amplitude that you're quite good, Pierre, the amplitude, I believe Pierre is coming later, or literally, I believe that Pierre is coming later. Pierre quite Gomory, non-verbally. Pierre, quite good. Maggie know verbally. Pierre believes Maria doesn't want to come, or Pierre believes that Marie doesn't want to come in quiet, can use LEO or C. Or C. They believed we were going to, or literally they believed that we were going to. In French is used a lot more than we use believed in English. Usually we say think when we want to give our opinion. But in French they use quite a lot in that instance. So you could say e.g. you're quiet gazebo, you're quite crusade bone. And you can translate it as, I think it's good, or literally, I believe it's good. So you're quite good is an alternative to saying japonica. 230. 142i - to believe: How would you say in French? I thought we were going to France. You Passaic new value of homes. Or your quiet and forms. Say you can use DuPont, say, or you're quite yay for I thought if you say as you're quite literally it means I believed I believe we're going to France. How would you say, What did you think I was going to do? Good policy to crucially fair or coupon see a Wu, Google a fair. That's if you use policy, which means to think. But if you use choir, you can say, could quiet to gradually fair, good, quite evil. Ghazali, fair? Literally that means, what did you believe I was going to do? How would you say they think I'm French? Could you speak francais? Or quite good, just to be fancy. I think he's going to comb your post. Killed revenue. You're quiet. Give Avenir. Do you believe me? It's good. You require as good boomer Kuai. I think he's already there. You postulate. Or your quiet killing the Gela. What do they believe? Good, quite good, quite thin. I believe this is the train we want. You're quite good to see a little time cannula on your Quakers to see a little time can move along. I think the film starts in five-minutes. You possibly film cameras don't like minute. You quite cool. A film cameras don't think minute. 231. 142j - agreeing with "que": How would you say in French? He believed everything. Quiet too. Quiet too. I believe you're wrong. You're quite good to at the you quite get with a veto. He believes his job is more important than my job. In Quaker Sant'Ivo, a pleaser Bhutan, good mortal life. Goes on TV. A pleaser bottom command. I don't know what they believe anymore. A jeweler degeneracy. So Kichwa. So literally you're saying, I don't know anymore what they believe a PLU sticky. So as we know, whenever it's possible to say that in English, you have to say in French. But the word curve can also mean whom? E.g. Salem, cushy view, say Long QT view. In English you would say it's the man iso, or you could say it's the man whom I saw. It's the man that I saw. The word cu can be translated as whom that or nothing into English. It's the long view. Alone could do a view. Is he the man useful? Or is he the man whom useful? Or is he the man that useful? Because Yash, T cells mature. Qgis D is the car that I bought. When you're referring to an object, you don't say whom in English, you just save that. It's the car I bought or is the car that I bought? You wouldn't say it's the car whom I bought because the car isn't a person. You'll also see in that last example that there is an extra e on the end of the past participle, ash stay. This is because it's referring to a feminine noun. So when you use, if the noun the verb is referring to is feminine, you have to make the past participle agree to it if it's the past tense. E.g. my son could Pierre appellee, muddy, ill person? Could Pierre appellee Murray is the person Pierre called. Appellee has an extra e on the end because Marty is the one that the verbs referring to. It can mean Murray is the person Pierre cold. Marie is the person whom PA cold or Murray is the person that Pierre called. A law firm could to ideology. It the law firm could to ideology. Is she the lady you bothered or is she the lady whom you bothered or is she the lady that you bothered? So they're Jose has an extra e on the end because it's referring to law firm, which is a feminine noun. 232. 142k - qui: How would you say in French, it's the pizza. I ordered a pizza, cushy common day. Pizza, Qj common day. The car I bought his green. Love what you are. Because yesterday either Lavoie to you because yesterday, a belt. The lady PS always tall. Law firm could Pierre have you take honda law firm? Could be at our view it in the Honda. So you can see that sometimes in English we don't say anything. But in French you have to say Cu. And it could be translated as whom that, or just nothing. So the lady ps or was told the lady whom PS always tool or the lady that PSO was told. We've also seen the word key, and we've already seen that key used as a question word means who. However, key can also mean who all that in the middle of a sentence. Therefore, it is very similar to curve. There is a slight difference in the usage though. The main uses of the words and key are firstly, at the start of a question. When you place the words or key at the start of question, Curt means what and key means who or whom. E.g. cuvette, you fair value, fair. What are you going to do? D t. D t. What is he saying? Key or to view key at UVU. Who did you see? Key? Adela, key, Attila. Who was there? Let me just give you a quick little side note about English. In English, the word whom is always used as the object of a sentence and who is always used as the subject of a sentence. E.g. who saw me? Well, who is doing the seeing? So that's the subject. But if you said, whom did you see this sentence? Whom is being seen? So it's the object. So who is always the subject? Whom is always the object? 233. 142l - que vs qui: Now the second usage of Kurt and key in French is in a non question. In a non question, use key if it's followed by a verb, and if it's followed by a subject pronoun and noun, or a name, e.g. long, QPR have you. They could be our view. He is the man whom PSO, or he is the man that PSO or don't forget that an English sometimes we don't say anything. He is the man, ps or so in this one, the word for that is followed by a name. We use curves. And it's the same in English, we use whom if it's followed by a name or any noun, and we use whom. If it's followed by a verb, e.g. ELA loam, key of UPF, long key of UPF. He is the man who saw Pierre, or he is the man that store Pierre. The word for that is followed by a verb, meaning we have to use key in French or in English. So you can see how in English, whom is always followed by a name or a noun, and who is always followed by a verb. So he is the man whom Pierre saw. It's followed by a name. So we use whom. But he is the man who saw Pierre. Well, it's followed by a verb. So we use, Let's look at another example. Say the pull a color emoji, still a Pooley Galicia emoji. It's the chicken that the dog ate. So we use coup because it's followed by a noun, Lucian. But then if we say St. Lucia, key emoji, luckily, solution, key emoji, luckily, it's the dog that ate the chicken. So we use key in this sentence because it's followed by a verb, Zhi, Hou eight, solution key emoji locally. So we use curves when it's followed by a noun and key, when it's followed by a verb, seller pool a collusion, emoji, solution, key emoji, the Palais. Let's look at one more example. In a loam loam cuisine view. He is the man that I saw, or he is the man whom I saw. So that is followed by a subject pronoun Zhou. So we have to say in French and whom or that in English. He is the man whom I saw, or he is the man that I saw. Silhouette you could to ash the silhouette you could do ash day. It's the car that you bought. The curve again is followed by a subject pronoun two. So we have to use. 234. 142m - subject pronouns: Now I've been mentioning the word subject pronoun a few times in the last lesson. But what is a subject pronoun? Subject pronouns come in front of a verb to show who the person doing the action is. Here all the subject pronouns in English and in French. You, azure means I, 22 is u, means he. L. L means she means one. Or sulla means no. No means we. Woo. Woo means you. Ill. Ill means they, and L means they in the plural. And then forget that e and l can also be used to mean it when the subject is a masculine noun or a feminine noun. So how would you say in French, this is the girl who called me. See a left FI, K-map, really see a K-map, Billy. This is the girl whom I called. So ClF fee, because you happily see a live feed happily. So remember that whom is followed by a subject pronoun. So in French you have to say, this is the girl who called Pierre. Clf fee key appellee Pierre. See a lab fee, key appellee Pierre, because it's followed by a verb, we say key. But then in this sentence, this is the girl that Pierre called to see a lifebuoy. Could be air appellee, see a lab fee, could Pierre appellee? Well, it's followed by a name. So we have to use the word curve rather than key. So when it's followed by a noun, a name, or a subject pronoun, and key. When it's followed by a verb. 235. 142n - practice with que: How would you say in French, whom did you call? Q0 at you happily. Key Aviv, who's happily. So don't forget in a question, you use key at the start of a sentence if you want to say who or whom. In this lesson so far we've had a Delta G, which means to bother or to disturb, means to believe you. I believe you quite yea. I believed the word means what? When it's placed at the start of the question. The word key means who or whom, when it's placed at the start of a question. But the word means whom or that if it's followed by a subject in a non question. And by subject I mean a subject pronoun, a noun, or a name. And then key means who or that if it's followed by a verb in a non question. How would you say who called you? Key tabulae. Key was appellee. The man that I know isn't here. Loan because you Connie, knee pads EC long because you can a nepa DC. I saw the house. He's going to buy. Amazon, kill Vashti, JV, Lamisil, Kilda, I stay. So literally you say in French, I saw the house that he's going to buy. The word is used, but when you place it in front of a word that starts with a vowel, it's shortened to QU apostrophe. How would you say he's going to buy the house? I saw it. I still Amazon. Amazon Gucci view. So literally in French you say he's going to buy the house that I saw. How would you say one of the things that I liked the most is chocolate. Shows, grudgingly clue. You in the show's grudgingly. Cilicia cooler. 236. 142o - more practice with que: How would you say in French, chocolate is one of the things that I liked the most. Lucia color shows, grudgingly. Lucia cola AND shows presumably. I have a son who plays tennis jam fee schedule or tennis jam fee schedule or tennis. I want the book that's on the table. You will leave like a steel relatable. You leave like a sale at my sister who lives in Paris, is coming to my house tomorrow. Master key habitat by the shame, what the man must be that very young Shea, more demand. The car that my parents bought is read language you can meet at home on Dutch Day a, whose love what g of Kameda home on Thursday. We're taking the train that's going to Paris. New point all the time. Kiva appellee, new polynomial time, Kiva appellee, the train she talk is going to Marcy Lou time Kayla play that I must say. Latane Kayla plea that I must say. This is the one that I tried last time. See a vanquish ASE let down here for C, a Louvain, Gucci SAG, let down here for 237. 142p - recap: How would you say in French? I have a dog who is adorable. Gian Schottky. I don't have Yana Sean. I don't have blue. They have a beautiful house that's enormous. Isn't you embed meson? Enantiomer is on endemism key. So in this lesson, we've had their home G, which means to bother or to disturb, means to believe you. Quiet, is I believe you quite yet. I believed so. Don't forget that choir tends to use the imperfect tense when you're talking about the past rather than the present perfect tense. Then if you place at the start of a question, it means, what? If you place key at the start of the question? It means who or whom. When you place in the middle of a sentence, it has to be followed by a subject. And that can be a subject pronoun and noun, or a name. And you translate it as whom. Or that. If you place key in the middle of a sentence, it has to be followed by a verb. And you can translate it as who or that. 238. 142q - let's practise - English to French: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in French, am I bothering you? It's because you to excuse you view their homes. The children always disturbed me when I'm trying to work on phone, but their homes to show congested the Tobii liaison form with their home studio can just say the Tobii. If I'm bothering you, please do tell me. C2v2, their homes, VJ Medea. Sees you vu their homes. Vj Medea. I believe that arriving tomorrow morning. Quite keys are the mammoth tongue. You quite keys Aviv demand matter. You believe it? Look what to look quite. I don't believe it. You know, look quite Bar Kokhba. They believed we were going on holiday today, but we're not going until next week. Quiet. Canoes and your console should be Menu nylon is used as the main portion. Inquiry can lose audio and back console should we may need a lone pair, which is classmen portion. Is this the car that you wanted to buy? Excuse to see a lava tube? Could you relate as t goes to see a lava tube, Cooley, ASD, who's coming with me. Caveat. I make more KVL of ECMO. This is the man who wants to buy a house. You see a loan Kiva Ashton automatism. See a loan. Keyword dash denotes chromosome. 239. 142r - let's practise - French to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What do these friends sentences mean in English? Numidia Jose back conduit pipe out holding a new ideology because you're leading a, don't bother me when I'm making dinner. Some of their homes book who? Some of their homes beaucoup. That annoys me a lot. You pause, killed aqua. Is your bones that kinda Aqua. I think she believes it. Cafe to Buddha man could affect demand. What are you doing tomorrow? Kiva Would they do? Kiva would they do? Who wants a bottle of water? Saas sales souvenir because Yash, the souvenir because yesterday. That's the souvenir. I bought his own Kayla ****. Kelly Lemmy is don't give a ****. Which is the house she's buying. You're quite good SAS it in a tank. Kiva allow shell, you're quite close. Acid electron Kiva allow shell. I believe that was the train that goes to leverage shell. Will abuse corn abuse one, the pond. Will abuse cannabis, wander, ponder. Where's the boost that we need to take at 22 values or cola Kumarajiva add to two valence shell color Kumarajiva. Have you found the chocolate that Marie ones? 240. 142s - let's recap - English to French: Now let's do some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How would you say in French? They're trying to decide where to eat tonight. Is I see Do they see the emojis to swap? Is SAT? They see the emojis are swapped. What is she doing at university? Guys can fit a university. A university. Are you going to try and make a reservation that you SATA, the family, whose essay you do fail. As soon at the Roundabout, take the exit towards La Rochelle and then go straight on. The restaurant is on the right. Homework 1.8 h of TV allow shell a prelate to do it. At what point in S of t they allow shell a pre elite to do it and what? I'm not going to drink that you invade pub nasa. You invade pub while it's €70 assessed was on DCL, says pass onto this whole I would like a scarf. You've ruled in Asia. You have the right units. Yeah. Have you tried the orange juice? It's delicious. At USAA, lose your dorms. Elaine, daily theory. We boost as the yellows, you don't change it, I delete, you. Don't buy me a souvenir from Paris. I have too many Parisian souvenirs at home. Know my **** peasants near the party. Yet told us to Nearpod is the answer anymore? No match the pattern souvenir, the Patti. It holds true near Paris, xian shang more. Why are they changing the booking? Shown Stella has a vacuum, but questions, Kyla has a vacuum. 241. 142t - let's recap - French to English: Now let's do some French to English recap translations. What do these friends sentences mean in English? We use a Palestinian to you based upon a PM to yes, I'm going to Paris soon. In the mountain deeper. You post these atone Day loop at home. In the mountains. They pass you pass keys at on the loop at home. They weren't waiting for me. I think they were waiting for their parents. Say Colombia produces men. Say call me up on this domain. How much is it for two weeks? In a battle fatigue, gay, in a bath of a TJ. He isn't too tired. Until Asia, Peggy. Until deja. Have they paid the bill yet. Know you invade padded to let you know. You need to know I'm not going to pay the bill for you at all. Kelvin. Kelvin is 18. Which one were they trying? You bind only measure the handle money. Japan only measure of Yan Mann. Yeah. I speak English but I come from Germany. You've IPL to lay Madame de Cons UV. Oh, super mouseY is you've worked here to the amount and the conjugate or super mushy. I CPI every Tuesday when I go to the supermarket to draw mucosa, you to unmute guru. He always plays better than you. 242. 143a - Comprehension exercise part 1: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learned in the last lesson. How would you say in French to bother or to disturb their own J? To believe. I believe you quot I believed you quite yet. What when you place it in front of a question? Who or whom in front of a question. Key. Whom, or that followed by a subject. Good, and who, or that followed by a verb. Key. Comprehension. This lesson's text is a bit trickier, and it contains lots of new vocabulary we won't have seen before. It's taken from an Internet forum and people are discussing consumer choices. So let's have a look at the first one. I'm gonna move on to fair amputee, just bowhead whale lineage. They don't demand swatch. I've ignored by Kathy Martinez. Can consume. Iliad is absorbed. The commerce achy tablet posted probably on the purine unfair Genesee pataka. That's by Pierre. The next message is by Marie, who says, You see because you delete a pod VB0 may snippet to show facil only truth path to X2. Don't know Superman Shea, who's a bit donc par. Then we have Sophie who says, the precise ****. They produce equitable, just free content. The Savoir collegiate Dijon, don't leave their families a say proudly. Seal a product of Taenia, Amiga plate, polo match on diesel, lab, HEW respect SUV on the, on the hormone, on the cylinder v Santa Fe. And then finally we have Marco. He wrote, is your pond Scully soup mushy, red via deployed. We can move on. Please share clip. Had we known view. See they Superman shape for the ISA. Say proudly, serve on time. You may buy a home. Birth example. Non Piazza, say that John Paul hash, they say proudly. 243. 143b - Comprehension exercise part 2: Let's have a look at what these messages mean. The first-person Pierre starts off by saying, among newborn to fair amputee, just bowhead whale integrality, don't demand, swap. Not tried Kathy Martinez swap Lucia Cola can consume. This means, in my opinion, we can all do a small gesture to reduce inequality in the world. Either with our morning coffee or the chocolate. We can assume the word to after new proven. When he says new proven to fair is used to mean all loop. Move on to fair means. We can all do. You can place too after any new to mean all e.g. newborn to know them from osteon, new, move on to path allergy, nose off Amazon. We can all share information there in French, information is always in the plural. That's why we say no that Fermat's theorem. Or sip on node two, say bar not to. It's for all of us. Or say put root two. Root two. It's for all of you. Would put on Vulcans, who sell it to them. Vulcan's, you're all going on holiday. A vote to ensemble. To ensemble. You all eat together. Then we have a very interesting phrase that we haven't met yet. Swap, Swap. It means either 0. So we can see it in the sentence that goes swap. I've ignored her Kathy Martinez, swallow show Cola can consume. Which means either with our morning coffee or chocolate we consume. Let's have a look at some examples with sweat, sweat. Noel, you will try swap, swap and bought double bond 0 L. You would write swap, swam pot Tabula. That means for Christmas. I would like either a computer or a mobile phone. Cheaper ponds or sweat. And before Mash swash under their DuPont law sweaty format swap under there. You can have either cheese or a desert exist, swap on blue sweater on whose exist, swear on blue, swap on hold. It exists either in blue or in red. So swap, swap is a useful phrase to know. But don't worry too much about remembering it for now as we will be revisiting it in another lesson. But swab, swab means either or. 244. 143c - Comprehension exercise part 3: Pierre then goes on to say, Iliad is absurd. The e-commerce like a tablet posted probably on the billing unfair June as we paddock or Iliadic stranger ecommerce, a GitHub repo say probably unfair degeneracy paddock. And this means there are fair trade options for these products. We can't do anything. I don't agree. The phrase commerce, achy tabular means fair trade. The word commerce means commerce or business or trade. And I get W means fair, or literally equitable. E.g. knew that their home fact more or concept new commerce. Hew knew that their home fact more or do commerce. I get w We strongly idea to the principle of fair trade. Newcomers, HEW, contribute, allow ADP see on the dipole first day. Look commerce, achy tabular contribute, allergic zonular poverty. Fair trade helps to reduce poverty. Will literally fair trade contributes to the reduction of poverty. So Cathay, it is to do commerce achy tablet. So Kathy, 80s to do commerce. Taboo. This coffee comes from fair trade. The phrase issue do commerce achy Tableau is used to mean comes from fair trade. When PSAs on the building unfair. He's saying it in disbelief as in you're saying we can't do anything or you think there's nothing we can do? Because then he says, You know, see paddock, which we now know means I don't agree. The next message is from me. And she says, You say could you divide? They put VB you may snippet to show facil. You say because you're right, they put VB0 missing it to Java. This means, I know that I should buy organic products, but it isn't always easy. This sentence is quite simple. It's just the word BO, that means organic, that's new for you. E.g. later Matt B0, some Mayor de, lead to Matt B0, some Mayor plus one T. Organic tomatoes are better for your health. You know, don't do B0, Amazon FBA, you know, don't be Amazon phone. I only give organic field to my children. Ileal depletion. Pluto B0 receive mercy. Ilia on Pluto pod VB0 or supermarket chain. There is more and more organic produce at the supermarket. You will see that the word BO doesn't change in the feminine or the plural because it's actually short for biologic. B0 is always just BIO. It never gets an S and it never gets an E. And actually, there is one other phrase in Maria's answer that we definitely haven't seen before. You divide. You should define. It means I should. We're going to look at the word showed in more detail in another lesson. But let's just have a look at some example sentences using Judenfrei. You do Walesa. I should do that. You do not have I should live life in year, month, have I I should finish my work. You should divide probably Mohan tray. You live on a parabola Mohan tray. I should probably go back. So Marie uses Judenfrei to say, just say could you devise a steady pod video? Meaning, I know that I should buy organic products. 245. 143d - Comprehension exercise part 4: Marie then goes on to say, on the hoof, b2, X2, don't know, Superman shape will repeat. Don't generally. Only truth to Joe Shea who's a bit, don't generalize or **** bar, which means you can't always find them in the supermarket where I live, so I don't buy them. This is a good sentence to remind us that in French, you tend not to say I can't find. You just say don't find, you know, to permanently Gen2 Macleay. I can't find my key. Or literally in French who say I don't find my key in the troop appear in the tooltip yet. They can't find PA. Or literally they don't find Pierre, new neutron palatal, new neutron Palo tail. We can't find the hotel. Will literally we don't find the hotel. Additionally, Marissa has a couple of good examples of the indirect object pronoun li, meaning them. She says, underlay tooth. On newly truth power. You can't find them or one can't find them. You know, laser **** bar. Generally the **** bar, I don't buy them. So the lay means them. Now the next person to speak is Sophie. Her answer is a bit longer. She starts by saying the priest's ankle, Gina, ****. They pulled three W debris cycle is you negotiate. They produce achy Tabula, which means for five years, I've been buying only fair trade products. So we have that phrase again. They pulled v w, which means fair trade products. Sophie also uses that structure we've seen a few times now where you use the pre, where the present tense, e.g. the prisoner on the preview. Now, I've been waiting for an hour. You will see that you can put Dupree at the start of the sentence as well like Sophie has. So instead of saying jet on the preview now, you can say, do we do now? The Prisoner yet been for an hour. I've been waiting. So deplete can come at the start of the sentence, as well as in the middle of the sentence. Sophie could have just as easily I said, genus yet they put a Kitab, the pre-assigned con, you know, ****. They prod, we tabulate the Poisson Khan, which means the same thing. I've been buying only fair trade products for five years. 246. 143e - Comprehension exercise part 5: Then goes on to say, use three continents and dysarthria. Because yet Dijon don't like. They have always. Say proudly, just be content and the Savoir. Because yet they don't like PE, they favor easy on Ashton. Say proudly. This means I am happy to know that I'm helping people in disadvantaged countries while buying these products. By reading texts, we learn lots of new words and phrases. But it's also useful for giving us new things to say using words and phrases that we already know. E.g. Sophie says this nice phrase. You speak on the Savoir. You speak content the Savoir. Which means I am happy to know that you can use this phrase yourself. But just remember that if you're a man, you don't need to use the feminine content. You can remove the e and say just be component. E.g. you just speak on tone the South. Where could you go beyond just be continuous, evocative? I'm young. I'm happy to know that you're doing okay. You speak Entente the savoir qu'il Busan Pierre. You just be content. The Savoir caboose authentic Pierre. I'm happy to know that you're going out with Pierre. If he says she's happy to know that she's helping people in payee is a meaning disadvantaged countries. Then she says, on Ashton. Ashton is a structure we haven't seen before. Basically, if you put a T on the end of a verb in French, it can be used to mean ink. However, this is a very simplified view of it. So for now, just recognize it when you see it. We will be looking at it in more detail in a later lesson. E.g. on alone or cinema DJ quadsim a tilde on alone or cinema J quasi material. While going to the cinema, I met my Tilde. On through Zoom only. True way may show set on for XOM only, Yahoo true, they may show set while making my bed, I found my socks. You must fib, let's say Omega zone. You must be VLC or male Hassan. I hurt myself while shaving. Then Sophie goes on to say, unseal a projector or perhaps near a mayor play Lomax on diesel and see lipophilic tail of the NEA Amelia play polo match on diesel. Those producers can get a better price for their merchandise. The word and C is a useful word. It means those, but it's much less formal sounding than the English word. I suppose another way to translate it would be in this way. We would like that. Having said that, it isn't really used much in everyday speech very often. And it's much more preferable to use concern, which literally means like that. So you could say semi-feudal efficiency, say mu, the reference to mean, it's better to do it like that. But more commonly, you'll hear say mu dual effect comes down. Same year, dollar fair concern. It's better to do it like that. 247. 143f - Comprehension exercise part 6: Sophie says lipophilic tail, the optimum. Now the verb optimal means to obtain or to get something, e.g. at you often use Socrative relay at you up to new security overlay. Did you get what you wanted? Finish potassium to help the new dawn diploma, felicitous theorem to outdo Newton diploma. Congratulations, you got your diploma. Knows avant opportunity DeVos, news avant DeVos. We got a divorce. She also talks about Lomax on diesel, which means their merchandise or their goods, e.g. Lizzie shows you the maximum these augment, shack and knee. Lizzie shows module the emotional needs of Mt sac. And this means that global exchange of goods is growing every year. Lizzie shows means the exchange, mandu, means global and dimension of goods. The global exchange of goods is growing every year. Or another example, say action on these, suntan spec T, the fossil Elliott Weil, same axon, nice. Suntan spectate the vessel. These goods are inspected in a random way. So Alia means random or is on pre, may match on these. Some payee is on premium axon, these are some PE, They have taken my goods without paying. Sophie then says, the leopard epsilon achy tablet, respect to vote on the hormone. A little condition dV Santa Maria or a laptop, tablet or respect silver, learn beyond more. A look on the cylinder v. This means, furthermore, a fair production often respects their environment and their conditions of life are improved. The verb of aspect di means two respect, e.g. in for her spectator sees any spectator is any. You must respect your elders. Now, the phrase IL-4 is a phrase that we're going to look at shortly. So just keep in the back of your mind in numerous SPECT, Xiaomi respect Xiaomi. They never respect me. Then the word Emilio a means improved, and it comes from the verb hay, meaning to improve. E.g. set to lower our Amedeo elastic vessel is on phone. I mainly only lasted two assemblies on phone. This law has improved the situation for children. Lose. I won't have IJ do a manual, ways to sit and down. It knows I won't have again, do a menu or a subset and down it. We have worked hard to improve this site ICJ that meteorites a technique that may always a technique. He tried to improve his technique. 248. 143g - Comprehension exercise part 7: The last person to get their thoughts is Marco. He says, is you pause cholesterol, marshy, different idea and luckily they put video is on one. Please share it broadly known view. You pause. The video and slippery they produce the bill. Is some savant flu share, equally proud to be non view. This means I think that supermarkets should lower the price of organic products because they are often more expensive than non-organic products. The word Dubai is the plural of the phrase that we saw earlier. If you remember, Mal, he said, just say could you divide, which meant I know that I should. Judenfrei means I showed. And in this sentence we have deflate with an E and T on the end. Ill-defined j means they should. Now this is a tense we haven't looked at yet. So don't worry too much because we'll be looking at it in depth in a lesson soon. Just for your knowledge though, it's called the conditional. E.g. it will deliver near a big noon. You'll derive any new they should come with us. Yield the ray at ECB unto, you will delay etcetera, ECB M2. They should be here soon. You delay by syllabi Council forms in the wrapper, silly but constant fonts. They should spend the holidays in France. So Marco said that they should reduce the prices. And we're literally means to reduce, but it can also be translated as to decrease or to lower. E.g. Stone magazine, a pre-designed comparison. So Magazine had we say play the sound comparison. This shop is reducing its prices by 50 per cent. Liquids. Liquids in a hydrolysis. The cook is reducing the source. Sophie, say Homeboy small modes, well, Sophie, RSV, stay home, Bozeman, Montana, swell. Sophie has reduced her monthly payments. Then we can see a nice example of a comparative phrase when Marko says, Please share meaning more expensive than, let's have a look at some examples of comparative sentences. Fy20, a. Please share what your hose. Love what you are that a Porsche. Who's the green curve is more expensive than the red car. Set up a plugin honk Gulotta, set up a polygon Gulotta. This tree is taller than the other one. To match onto Malcolm, one to match purulent monk Kumar. You're walking more slowly than me.