Portuguese Grammar - Quick Guide - Verbs 1

1. Introduction to the course: Hello and welcome to Portuguese grammar, quick guides, verbs, one. This course is designed to get you familiar with portuguese grammar in quick, easy to understand lessons. In any language, verbs are the backbone two sentences. Without verbs, there would be no sentences. The good thing about variables is that you can manipulate them and use them to express anything you like. Look at these sentences, e.g. I. Learned Portuguese. I'm learning Portuguese. I'm going to learn Portuguese. I have learned Portuguese. I want to learn Portuguese. All these sentences contain pretty much the same words I learn and Portuguese, but they mean different things because we've manipulated the verb learn into different tenses. In verbs. One, I'll be introducing you to Portuguese verbs, looking at infinitives, the going future tense, the past tense, and the present tense. To have it, you should become familiar with the verb tenses. You'll find lots of exercises to enable you to build proficiency in Portuguese grammar. With each tense, we'll be looking at how to form it, how to turn negative. And we'll also be looking at the various ways you can translate the different tenses into English. The quick guide courses are great for learning the specifics of portuguese grammar. Without any prerequisites, I won't be using any vocabulary without introducing it first. Meaning, you can focus purely on grammar acquisition rather than worrying about not understanding the verbs. I'll give you a list of verbs at the start of this course. We'll use them throughout. You will also gain a small collection of vocabulary that we'll be using to build sentences in Portuguese. These quick guide courses can also be used as reference guides to use as revision. Should you ever need to brush up on your portuguese grammar? So let's begin. I hope you enjoy. 2. 1a - List of verbs: Verbs. In Portuguese, all verbs end in one of three sets of endings. They either end in the letters AR, ER, or IR. Let's have a look at 20 useful verbs in Portuguese. Come here. Come here. Means to eat sugar. Sugar means to arrive. Yoga. Yoga means to play. Visit our visitor, to visit via jar. The jar means to travel by ER. Er. This means to work. And you'll notice the L and the H in Portuguese is almost like an L Y sound in speaking. Thereby, JAR file are foliar, means to speak. Layer. Layer means to read. Ancient Greek, means to write. And you'll notice a difference in European Portuguese, and Brazilian Portuguese when you pronounce this word. In European Portuguese, The S is pronounced almost like an S, H, H. Whereas in Brazilian Portuguese, it's just pronounced like an S, S-curve. S-curve. In Brazilian Portuguese. In European portuguese, it means to write the same goes with this next verb, S. Qatar. Qatar means to listen. In European Portuguese, it's Eshkol data. In Brazilian Portuguese, SQL data, not add. Now that means to swim fuzzier and fuzzier. This can mean to do automatic. Party or parties means to leave. And in Brazilian Portuguese you pronounce it part of CI. So patchy, we're more like a CH, but a tear. In European Portuguese, and Brazilian Portuguese, it means to leave. Compare means to buy. That. Dental, means to try and contract. And contract means to find H2. A student, or in Brazilian Portuguese S2, that means to study. And the ES in H2 that is often shortened to just the S sound in European Portuguese. You'll often hear this, do that, do that early in speaking and writing. It's always H2. H2 that in European Portuguese. And S2 that in Brazilian Portuguese means to study. Thicker. Thicker means to stay. That Amina. Amina means to finish. And commissar, or Komisar means to start. In European Portuguese, the E in the middle is almost not heard consol or commissar. Whereas in Brazilian Portuguese, it's more pronounced Komisar. Komisar. It means to start and it's sort of like the English word to commence commissar. So that's 20 useful verbs in Portuguese, and all of those verbs in that list are called infinitives. In English, infinitives very often have the word to in front of them, but not always. And that's why I've put the two in brackets in this list for the English. In Portuguese, infinitives end in the letters AR, ER, or IR. There's one more slight difference between European Portuguese and Brazilian Portuguese that you might hear occasionally in some regions in Brazil, the R on the end of infinitives is pronounced like an H. So e.g. which means to eat, you might hear pronounced Gmail, come back with a h sound on the end. So all of these verbs in this list, if you travel to certain regions in Brazil, you will hear them pronounce the r on the end as though it were a H. Another example would be to finish terminology or tell me now. But that's just something to be aware of. 3. 1b - quero, vou, posso: Now I'm going to give you three little phrases that we can use, the verbs that we've just learned to make some sentences in Portuguese. Carol. Carol means I want get. Vo, means I'm going Woo. And possible. Basu means can I possibly get Vo and parcel? The good thing about these phrases is that you can put any infinitives on the end of them and make a sentence. E.g. how would you say in Portuguese, I'm going to eat. Woo Commerce. Vocal mayor. So VO, I'm going to eat. How would you say I want to leave? Part D? Part D, ghetto is I want and Battier means to leave. How would you say, can I play? Boss? Who's yoga? Yoga. I'm going to try vote and vote. Npr. Can I finish? Basu terminology? Terminology. I'm going to swim. Vo Nadar. Nadar. I want to travel via Jar. Jar. So those phrases were girdle, which means I want, we've all means I'm going and Boston means can I. 4. 1c - some extra words: Let me give you five new words. We have a key. A key, which means here la. La means they're iso, means that to do means everything. And ammonia. Ammonia means tomorrow. A key law. To do ammonia. Let's use those words now to make a few more complex sentences. How would you say in Portuguese, I'm going to eat that. Whoa, whoa, committees. So I'm going to do everything tomorrow. Vulva there to do ammonia. Vulvas L2 ammonia. I want to work here through trouble. Yada. Yada key. I'm going to try everything. Vote then data to do. Well, then that'll do. Can I stay here? Possibly galaxy. The galaxy. Can I do that tomorrow? Postal facilities to ammonia. Ammonia. I want to buy that. Ghetto comprise two. Is two. 5. 1d - practise building sentences: How would you say in Portuguese? I wanted to start tomorrow. Okay. To commissar ammonia, kettle. Commissar ammonia. I'm going to finish everything tomorrow. Vote determiner to do ammonia will determine our to-do ammonia. I'm going to eat everything. Vocal mayor to do. Woe to them. I want to work there. I'm going to leave tomorrow. Woo party or ammonia. Ammonia. I'm going to stay here. We gotta we gotta keep Can I read that? Parcel layer is possible. There is two. So we've had Kuru, which means I want VO, means I'm going. And Basel means can I. Then we had some little extra words. Aki, meaning here. Law, which was there, means that to-do means everything. And ammonia means tomorrow. 6. 2a - impersonal verb "pode-se": Impersonal verb. There's a funny little phrase that you can put verbs on. The end of. That phrase is bolded. In Brazilian Portuguese, however, it's pronounced more like poor GC. Gc borders in European Portuguese, for GC in Brazilian Portuguese. And it means one can or you can. Its proper name is an impersonal verb because it's not really referring to anybody in particular. E.g. if you say Paul, the sfumato key or GC format Hakim. It means you can smoke here or one can smoke here. It isn't talking about you specifically. It means everybody can smoke here. In the negative. You get now support. Now support, which means you can't. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it. Now see Paul G. Now suppose G, the C, goes in front of the pod in the negative. Let's see if you can say these sentences using boulders or policy. How would you say in Portuguese, you can buy everything here. Borders are compared to Lucky. Borders are compared to the wacky or in Brazilian Portuguese. Dc compared to Lucky biology see comparative to the wacky. And so it doesn't mean you can buy everything here. It means you are one can buy everything here. So anybody can buy everything here, bothers a compound. Two lucky. How would you say you can swim here? Bother sooner? Data key, borders to Nevada key or in Brazilian Portuguese, body Sina data key, policy, Nevada key. And so it means you can swim here, as in one, is allowed to swim here. Boulders and edata key. How would you say you can try everything? Borders then that tool bar this attend R2 or in Brazilian Portuguese biology sit in DL2, both GC pen tool. So you can try everything or one can try everything. 7. 2b - "não se pode": How would you say in Portuguese, you can't try that. Now supported and valleys to now supported in that East or in Brazilian Portuguese. Now's the budget and that is true. Now suppose then that Islam, so it means you can't try that as n, one is not allowed to try that. How would you say in Portuguese? You can't do that here. Now support facilities to a key. Now support facilities to AKI, or in Brazilian Portuguese, it will be pronounced. Now suppose if hazardous to a key. Now suppose if as Eddie, so a key there, it means you can't do that here, or one can't do that here. How would you say you can eat here? For the second Meta key? Iraqi or in Brazilian Portuguese, bulgy cecum, Iraqi soldiers. Iraqi. How would you say you can't eat here? Now support the Kameda key. Now support the Iraqi. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it. Now suppose omega key. Now see bulgy Camara key. Let me give you a new verb. Sbar. Sbar. It means to wait, HPR, or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it a spit out. The S is like a shirt. In European Portuguese, SPR, but in Brazilian Portuguese is pronounced just like an S SPR. How would you say in Portuguese? You can wait here. Boulders to H beta key, borders to S beta key. Or in Brazilian Portuguese. Both GCS better Iraqi. Both GCS, pinata key. How would you say you can't smoke here? And the verb to smoke in Portuguese is formatter. Now support for monarchy. Now support the monarchy. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it. Now see budget for monarchy. Now suppose the format Hakim. Also don't forget that in certain regions of Brazil, the OH, on the end of verbs is pronounced like a H. Format would be Format. Now symbology, former hockey. How would you say, you can smoke here? Borders of a monarchy for the sulfur monarchy, or in Brazilian Portuguese, ball GC for monarchy, or GC, former hockey. We've had bothered by GC, which means you can, as in one can or everybody can. And then in the negative, now support or nasty pudgy means you count or one count or nobody can, nobody is allowed to. 8. 3a - the going future: The going future. One of the easiest tenses to tackle in Portuguese is the going future. It's a great way to talk about what you're going to do. In fact, we've already seen it so far in this course. The phrase woo. Woo means I'm going. You can put infinitives on the end of it to talk about the future. Let me just give you five more phrases that we can use to make our sentences a bit more complex. Alice bore, Eilish bore means to Lisbon. Alice bore. In European Portuguese, you pronounce it leash bore, but in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it least bore. The word or means to import, to go. To GAO means in Portugal. So the word ame means in Portugal, is how you pronounce it in European Portuguese, in Brazilian Portuguese, it's very similar, but the L on the end is more like an AU sound, Portugal to girl, boy, girl or girl. It's very similar. Log. Log means soon, log. Now Proxima Samantha. Samantha means next week and upper osteomas Samantha. And then neprilysin. Neprilysin one means next year. So how would you say in Portuguese, I'm going to stay in Portugal. Varphi carry important to go. Vote thicker, important to gal. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, wall thicker, important to gal will flicker, important to gown. How would you say, I'm going to do everything next week? Vulvas, their total number of Amana vulvas or to do an approximate, Samantha. I'm going to visit Paolo soon. We'll visit that Paolo will visit our logo. How would you say I'm going to travel to Lisbon next year? Will be Azure AD Alice Bowen naproxen. One will be Azure AD unleash bow and the proximal one. 9. 3b - other people: How would you say in Portuguese, I'm going to eat there tomorrow. Vocal medulla ammonia. Ammonia. Next year I'm going to travel to Portugal. New person one vote via data Portugal, new procedure, one vote via chat app altogether. Next week I'm going to finish everything. Now. Proximus manner volt terminal tool. Now Proximus Amana, volt terminal tool. The going future or the people. You don't have to stick with vol, which means I'm going. You can also talk about other people doing things in the future. We've seen VO, or more specifically a woo. The word AU in Portuguese means I. You might have noticed in a lot of the phrases that we've learned that we haven't said the word I, even though we do in English. And that's because in Portuguese, the word I is optional. It's called a subject pronoun. Subject pronouns in Portuguese are optional. So you can say vo or a vole to mean I'm going. Similarly, you can also put the AU, meaning I in front of the words that we've already learned. So caribou, which was, I want, you could say a UK room or parcel, which was can I, you could say a opossum. A meaning I is optional in Portuguese. Or a oval means I'm going. Vice. Or to rise means you're going. Or why means he's going? So ILA means he. In Brazilian Portuguese, you pronounce it Ellie. So he's going is ill vi or Ellie? Vi. Vi can also mean she's going. But you can clarify by putting the subject pronoun ala, Ala in Brazilian Portuguese, in front of the word ELA, or in Brazilian Portuguese, ala means she. Ala. Ala means she's going. Vi also has a third meaning. It can mean you're going. So Vi can mean he's going, she's going or you're going. So you can add the subject pronoun was, say, we'll say. To clarify that you mean you're going say vi will say vi means you're going. Then Vamos. Vamos means we're going. Or Nostradamus. Nostradamus is European, Portuguese, and Brazilian Portuguese that you would pronounce it Nostradamus. So the S is more like an S sound rather than an SH. Nostradamus or nos vamos means we're going. Then we have both Sasha VO cell phone, which means you're going both session van. In Brazilian Portuguese, again, the S is pronounced like an S rather than an SH. So you will say boss says vowel versus Van. Then finally we have, they're going, which is L, L HSV-1, or in Brazilian Portuguese, Alice, Alice, Alice vowel in European Portuguese, and Ellis found in Brazilian Portuguese. Now you might have noticed that there are three different ways to say you're going in Portuguese. We had to vanish. Most say vi and voltage found. Or what says Vaughn. We use to vanish. And we'll say vi when you're talking to one person. Whereas Wasatch wound is used when you're talking to more than one person. To vanish is used in European Portuguese predominantly. And we'll say vi is used in Brazilian Portuguese. So if you're in Portugal and you're talking to one person, you would use to vanish or just advice. If you're in Brazil and you're speaking to one person, you will save or save it. You're speaking to more than one person. You can just say Wasatch von over since bound. 10. 3c - trabalhar & visitar: We've just seen the phrases that you can use in Portuguese to talk about the future. We had a oval, which is I'm going to wash. You are going ill. Vi or Vi means he's going L of y or LR. Why? She's going? We'll say vi. You're going Nostradamus. Nostradamus means we're going overseas. Von means you're going and Eilish van or Alice von means they're going. We said that in European Portuguese, if you're speaking to one person, you would use to vanish for you all going. Whereas in Brazil, you would use the boss, say vie for you're going. But if you're speaking to more than one person, you can use voice over since van. So let's have a look at an example. The verb in the future tense, travel ER. Er, means to work. In this going future tense, we can say a volt. A volt, trouble. Yeah, I'm going to work to vi strawberry. Strawberry ER, you're going to work. You'll buy travel JAR or elevate travel. Er, he's going to work or she's going to work. We'll save, I will say vi, trouble. You're going to work. Nostradamus travel yard. Nostradamus trabajo. We're going to work. We'll say shovel travel ER bound trouble. You're going to work. And Eilish bound travel ER, English vowel, travel, ER. They're going to work. Here is the going future tense conjugation of the verb. Which means to visit. Like to do, is to go through each one and work out what they mean in English. So what does this mean in English? Whoa. Whoa, visitor. I'm going to visit. Each visitor to visit. Are you're going to visit visitor or El Vie visitor? He's going to visit or she's going to visit. We'll say vi visitor will say vi visitor. You're going to visit Nostradamus visitor or nos vamos visit that we're going to visit will say valid visit. Our boss says, Wow visitor. You're going to visit huge rebound visitor or Ellis valid visitor. They're going to visit. 11. 3d - jogar & terminar: Here is the going future conjugation of the verb, which means to play. So just like before, I'm going to go through each conjugation and see if you can work out what it means in English. So what is Volvo gotta or a vo is Yoga. I'm going to play. With regard to vanish yoga, you're going to play a joke or elevate Israel god. He's going to play or she's going to play. A visual guide. Will say visual guide. You're going to play Nostradamus. Nostradamus was yoga. We're going to play versus vowels yoga. Yoga. You're going to play. And it was found with regard or Ellis bounds regard. They're going to play. Let's do one more with the verb determiner, which means to finish. So what is that amine or a determiner? I'm going to finish vice terminal. To terminal. You're going to finish your terminal or elevate their demeanor. He's going to finish or she's going to finish, forget. In Brazilian Portuguese, the word for he is pronounced Ellie, and the word for she is plants, Ella, whereas in European Portuguese is E and L. What is vi determiner over say vi terminology? You're going to finish Nostradamus determiner, or Nostradamus terminology. We're going to finish versus vowel terminology. Versus vowel terminology. You're going to finish mount determiner or Ellis vowel terminology. They're going to finish. So to form the future going tents in Portuguese, it's simply a matter of taking one of those phrases and then putting the infinitive on the end. And just remember that there are three different ways to say you're going. There's the European Portuguese way. If you're speaking to one person, which is to vanish. There's the Brazilian Portuguese way, if you're speaking to one person, which is velocity vi, and there's the plural version. If you're speaking to more than one person, you would say Wasatch bound or unbound. 12. 3e - ler & comprar: Now what I'd like you to do is for you to conjugate the verbs into Portuguese. So the verb means to read. How would you say, I'm going to read VO layer or a row. How would you say you're going to read if you're speaking to one person in Portugal, varnish layer. Each layer, how would you say he's going to read or she's going to read? A layer or bi-layer, or in Brazilian Portuguese, early by layer. By layer. How would you say you're going to read it? You're speaking to one person in Brazil was saved by layer by layer. How would you say we're going to read Vamos layer or nochmal most layer. You're going to read in the plural. Session bound layer or versus bound layer. They're going to read English vowel layer, or Ellis van layer. Let's do the same with the verb. Means to buy. How would you say in Portuguese, I'm going to buy vocal. Vocal. You're going to buy vice compare to vihj comparator. He or she's going to buy or elevate compression. You're going to buy Vasa vi, vj, vi combat. We're going to by Nostradamus. Compare nostradamus compound. You're going to buy in the plural. Wasatch valid comparator. Says, Malcolm, they're going to buy Eilish value. L is valid comparator. 13. 3f - mudar & encontrar: The verb means to change. So how would you say in Portuguese, I'm going to change row, mood, our vomer that you're going to change. Smoother to vise smooth, ER, he or she is going to change that. Or else you're going to change. Say, by muda. We'll say bimodal. We're going to change Nostradamus. Nostradamus mood. Are you going to change in the plural? Session valuable that will assess value that they're going to change. Each vowel, vowel modal. The verb ng-controller means to find. So how would you say in Portuguese, I'm going to find VO and contract. A vo and contract. You're going to find vising contract to Vice and contract. Normally you pronounce it. But when you have an S in between two vowels in Portuguese, it's pronounced like a z instead. So in contrast, becomes vising contract to Vice and contract. He or she is going to find. In contrast, elevate and contract. You're going to find say vi and contract will say vi and contract. We're going to find Nostradamus and contrast. Nostradamus and contract. You're going to find in the plural. We'll save wound and contract versus vowel in contract. They're going to find use vowing contract. Ellis found in contract. 14. 3g - comer & esperar: Compare means to eat in Portuguese. So how would you say I'm going to eat? Vocal mayor. A vocal Mayor. You're going to meet Vice Mayor. To Vice Mayor. He or she's going to eat. Vico Mayor. Vice Mayor. You're going to meet. We'll say Vico mayor will say Vi comma here. We're going to eat Nostradamus. Nostradamus come here. You're going to eat in the pleural. Sac, Malcolm air versus Malcolm air. They're going to eat. Welcome, welcome air. Hpr means to wait. And very often in European Portuguese, the first E isn't really pronounced, so you'll hear it pronounced spread out. In Brazilian Portuguese, it's pronounced SBIR, where the S is pronounced like an S rather than an SH. So how would you say, I'm going to wait? A overall HBR is better. You're going to eat better to visage better. So just like when we had the verb and contract in the last lesson, when you have an S in between two vowels, in Portuguese, it's pronounced like a z. And so normally we have vice. But when it's placed in front of h beta add, the S is now in between two vowels, so it's pronounced. How would you say he or she's going to wait. You will vanish better. L by SBIR. You're going to wait using voice. Say, we'll say, HBR will say why SPDR. We're going to wait. Nostradamus. Nostradamus is better. You're going to wait in the plural. Wasatch, bound, HBR. What's as well as better. They're going to wait. Yellowish, brownish paid out or SPR. 15. 3h - practise building sentences: Now let's put some of those conjugations into practice by making some sentences. How would you say in Portuguese, he's going to stay here. You'll see Kara key, Ellie via data key. So in European Portuguese you pronounce it ill. And in Brazilian Portuguese, you pronounce it. Ellie. How would you say they're going to visit Lisbon tomorrow? Busy dish polar ammonia. Analysts found visit data is polar ammonia. How would you say you're going to finish soon using the singular European, Portuguese way of saying you via SSH terminal along to vihj Terminal logo. Next year we're going to travel to Portugal. New procedure one Nostradamus be Azure Data Protocol, looper, awesome one, Nussbaum's via Jarrod pulled together. You're going to eat everything using the singular Brazilian way of saying you will say vi commerce to do was say vi commands to do. She's going to start here next week. A Levite go Masada key, now Proximus Amana, Ella Viacom, etc. Key, necrosis Amana. I'm going to leave soon. Vote party or log a of 0 party logo. They're going to buy everything next week. Vowel compared to necrosis Amana, vow compared to an approximate Samantha. 16. 3i - other people: How would you say in Portuguese? I'm going to wait here. A Wo es para key. A Wu is sporadically. They're going to start tomorrow. English vowel commissar ammonia, Elliot's wound commissar ammonia. She's going to start in Lisbon and finish in Barcelona. And the word for and in Portuguese is E, spelled just the letter e, e. L of i, commissar English bore E terminology in Barcelona. El by Komisar English bulla determiner in Barcelona. We're going to do everything tomorrow. Nostradamus fuzzer to ammonia. Nos vamos fuzzer to do ammonia. He's going to find Maria in Portugal. You'll Vi and control Maria in Portugal or in Brazilian Portuguese. Ellie via contract Maria, important to down. They're going to find everything in Portugal. Eilish bound in contrast to import to gal or in Brazilian Portuguese, English vowel in contrast to import to gown. She's going to work here next year. Elevator about yada key, new processing one, L, Iraqi naproxen, one. 17. 3j - using names: The going future names and other nouns. If you look at the he's going and she's going phrases, you will see the vi part is the same. The eel and ELA or Ellie and ELA mean he and she. But in Portuguese, don't forget that they're optional. Instead of L and L. However, you can put any name or noun in front of the vi. Vi or a Levi means he's going. L of y, or LRA means she's going. But instead you can put a name. So you could say pow. Pow loop Vi means polar is going. Maria. Maria. Maria is going to do y todo why everything is going? So how would you say in Portuguese, Paolo is going to visit Lisbon soon. Powell, vi visit our lives Borlaug. How vi visit Irish poet logo or in Brazilian Portuguese. Powell vi visit Alice Paul, a low power, low viability title is Power logo. Maria is going to stay there next week. Maria vi vi Karla and approximate some Anna, Maria hyphae Karla, an approximate semana. Everything is going to start tomorrow. To-do by commissar ammonia to vi commissar ammonia. Next year Paolo is going to Portugal. New proximal one. Viable to go. New proximal one. Paolo, why? I put it together. Maria is going to travel to Lisbon. Maria via the Azure AD Eilish bore Maria via the Azure AD at each bar. 18. 3k - some extra words: Let me give you some more words that we can use to make some more adventurous sentences. In Portuguese. The word con. Con means with Camilo. Camilo means with me. So gone is with Camille. With me. Vein. Vein means well in Portuguese. And so you'll notice that Kahn and vein both end in the letter M. But when you pronounce them, don't put your lips together like we do in English. Don't say column and beam. If you imagine instead of an M that these words and in an N, G, so Kong and bang. But then when you say them, imagine the G disappears. Your throat closes at the end, gone and vein. Vein. And it's called a nasal sound. So it's where your throat closes slightly at the end of the word. Vein means, well, then estar. Estar means to be or in Brazilian Portuguese, estar. How would you say in Portuguese, everything is going well. To do vibing, to do Y beam. Paolo is going to be in Portugal with me next year. Paolo via star important to gallium Meagan, new proximal one. Paolo myostatin, Portugal, comical new proximal one. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, you wouldn't say a star. You will say estar Powell via star. How would you say Maria is going to be in Lisbon soon? Maria via star English bow a logo. Maria via star English poet login, or in Brazilian Portuguese, Medea, via star English poet Logan. Maria via star inlays bow a login. 19. 3l - in the negative: Finally, if you want to make the going future tense negative, all you have to do is put the word None, N, A in front of the going part. So if you want to say, I'm not going, you would say now Vo or a will now vote to, now wish to. Novation means you're not going ill or L, novae ill or ELA Novi. He or she is not going. Say now, why was say now you're not going. National Vamos. Vamos, we're not going versus novel, Wasatch novel. You're not going Eilish now vowel. In Brazilian Portuguese, L is now Val, means then are going. You can also put names in front of it. E.g. by all know Vijay Patel. Now by Paolo isn't going. Maria now by Maria, now by Maria isn't going. So how would you say in Portuguese, I'm not going to be here tomorrow. A. We'll now go watch that icky ammonia. Now voice that icky ammonia or in Brazilian Portuguese. Now Vo is data key ammonia. Would you say we're not going to work next week? Notional value of strawberry or an approximate semana. National Vamos provide an approximate semana, or in Brazilian Portuguese. Notice now that most famous Amana, how would you say they're not going to stay with me. They're going to stay with Paolo English now valve the cat Camille, Ralphie can compel Eilish now valve the valve regard compound or in Brazilian Portuguese, instead of saying English, you would say L is, L is now vowel, the car coming valve, the car compatible. 20. 3m - practise with the negative: How would you say in Portuguese using two, you're not going to finish everything. Now via SSH terminal to do to noun, determiner to Paolo isn't going to leave tomorrow. Bowel. Now vapor, ammonia will now Viper dealer ammonia. She isn't going to be here. Ala, now via static key, L and L via static key. We're not going to try that notion now. Varmus ten, that is true. Now vanished and that is true in Brazilian, Portuguese, North Nova, most antibodies do not. Now Vamos 1030. So you're not going to read that using vasa recta. Vasa. Now vine layer is true. We'll say now bi-layer is. 21. 4a - the past tense: The past tense. In English, there are two different ways to say what you did in the past. E.g. I. Have eaten too much food versus I ate too much food. I have seen this film versus I saw this film. I have spoken to Maria versus I spoke to Maria in Portuguese. There is just one way to talk about what you did in the past. And that's the second version. In each of those three examples, it's called the breadth edit to provide or the preterite tense. Unfortunately, in Portuguese, the past tense is a little trickier than the future going tense was. The main reason is because you have to change the endings of the verbs. Remember, we saw that there are three different types of verbs in Portuguese. We said that there are AR verbs, ER verbs, and ir verbs. Well, the endings that you add to the end of each verb depends on which sort of Verbit is. If you have an AR verb and you want to say that I did something, you can change the AR on the end to an E I and you get the past tense. E.g. for lab. For lab means to speak. If we change the AR on the end of the lab to EI, we get philosophy. Philosophy, which means I spoke fillet or in Brazilian Portuguese, it's pronounced a bit more like fillet. So for lie in European Portuguese, valet in Brazilian Portuguese, and it means I spoke. So I'm going to give you some verbs in the infinitive. And what I'd like you to do is to change them into the past tense. So to change them, so it means I did something. So we have comparator, which means to buy. So how would you say I bought? Comply. Comply. Or in Brazilian Portuguese can play. In European Portuguese, the EI is plants more like I, whereas in Brazilian Portuguese is pronounced more like a comply. Comply. It means I bought visit, our means to visit. So how would you say I visited? Visit die visit or in Brazilian Portuguese visit day, visit day. And that means I visited. So we've removed the AR from the end of his guitar. We've changed it to an E and it's pronounced visit die or visit. The verb Nadar means to swim. So how would you say I swam? Not, I not die? Or in Brazilian Portuguese, nod, nod day. 22. 4b - changing the ending: The verb means to wait. So how would you say I waited? Hpi or in Brazilian Portuguese? Spia, a mood are means to change. So how would you say I changed mood? I would I, or in Brazilian Portuguese, moody. Moody. So with AR verbs, you change the AR to an E to form the past tense. However, if you have an ER verb or an IR verb, well, you change the last two letters to an eye in order to form the past tense. E.g. if you take the verb, which means to eat, you can change the ER to an I and you get gummy. Gummy, which means I ate gamete. So the vendor means to sell. How would you say I sold? Wendy? Wendy. The verb means to leave. So how would you say I left? But a, t, but d. So all you have to do with E-R verbs and ir verbs is remove the ER or the IR from the end and then add the letter, I buy the tea I left. Here means to open. So how would you say in Portuguese, I opened. Agree, agree. And don't forget that you can use subject pronouns if you want. You can say oblique or you can say, I believe, remember, AU means I agree and agree both mean the same thing. I opened. My bare means to drink. So how would you say I drank? Baby, baby or a baby? And the verb means to lie, as in to tell a lie. So how would you say I lied? Mentee. Mentee or a woman? I lied. 23. 4c - ar verbs: So we've had the ice forms of the past tense. But what about if you want to talk about what other people did or have done? Well, what you have to do is the same as with the iPhones, but the ending you add is different. You could break the process down into two steps. Step one is remove the last two letters. Step two is add the appropriate endings. Step one is quite simple. All you have to do is take off the AR from the end of the verb. So if you were using the verb meaning to visit, you take off the AR and you're left with visit. Once you've done this, step two says that you have to add the appropriate endings. But what are the appropriate endings? What this means is that you have to add an ending to the end of the verb depending on who is doing the action. E.g. we've seen that if you want to say I did something, you add E to the end. However, if you want to say that he did something or did something, you add the letters 0, U to the end and that's pronounced. So you'll visit TO. Visit TO means he visited or Ellie. Visit TO in Brazilian Portuguese. Fallow means he spoke or fallow. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, Ellie fallow. Fallow means he spoke trabajo. Trabajo means he worked. We can add the optional subject pronoun eel or LE, that I value. So for he, you take off the AR and you add 0, u. On the other hand, if you wanted to say what we did, you can take off the AR and you add the letters a, M, 0, S with an accent on the a to the end of the verb instead. E.g. visit Thomas. Visit Thomas means we visited or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it, not visit Thomas. Nostradamus. Nostradamus means we spoke or you can just save file ambushed by itself. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it, knows thalamus. And then if you want to say we worked, you would say Nostradamus. Nostradamus or in Brazilian Portuguese, not travel Yanis. So can you see the difference between the two columns? On the left we have the heat form, and in the right-hand column we have the weak form or the form. All the he formed verbs end in OU, pronounced ow. And although we form verbs, and then a MOS with an accent on the a pronounced mosh. 24. 4d - ele & nós: So with AR verbs, once you remove the last two letters, you always add OU or 0 for he. And you always add a MOS with an accent on the a or amateurish for we. So let's see if we can translate the following into Portuguese. How would you say he called? And to call is legal? Legal or illegal? He worked and to work is terrible yard. Il value or el trabajo. We worked Nostradamus. Nostradamus. He signed and testing this can power. It can do. Ellie can do. We played and to play is yoga. Your gambles or yoga moves? He arrived and to arrive is sugar. You, Shigeo. Shingo. We arrived. She gambles or not? She gambles. He listened and to listen is s good data. Ill Escobedo or LES kudo. We listened. Nowadays could damage or no Tesco Tom's. He traveled and to travel is via Azure AD eel Viejo or Ellie Viejo. We tried and to try is ten times. Ten times or ten times. He stayed and to stay is fi card fecal or Ellie fico. We stayed. Notch becomes or Nazi camels. He studied. And to study is actually to Dar es todo. El es todo. We studied Knows edge to damage or Nostradamus. 25. 4e - ar verbs full conjugation: We've had the I, he and we forms of the verb in the past tense now. But what about the rest of the people, the U, Xi, and they will just remember that you start by taking off the AR from the end of the verb and then you have to add the appropriate ending. So the appropriate endings are different for each person. The different persons are the two forms of you. He, she was safe form of view. We, you in the plural. And they, the endings are for I. You have to add e. For the two forms of you. You have to add a, S, T, E, pronounced ash. For the he or she form. You have to add 0, u. For the form of you, you have to add OU as well. For we, we add a MOS with an accent on the a, pronounced Amish. For the plural form of you, you have to add a, R, a, M, and that's pronounced atom. It's also the same ending for they are Am, Adam. So let me show you with the verb, which means to speak. Firstly, we take off the AR and then we can add the appropriate endings. So we get a fillet or a fillet, which means I spoke. It's pronounced for lie in European Portuguese and fillet in Brazilian Portuguese. Then to philosophy, which means you spoke with the two forms of you. Ill or ELA. Fallow means he or she spoke. Say fallow means use boat, using the boss safe form of you. Nostradamus. Nostradamus means we spoke. Bilateral or unilateral. Means you spoke in the plural and then shuffle around. Means they spoke or Ellis file add-on. So it goes fillet for lashed to fallow. Fallow for law, most philosophy. Philosophy. I spoke. You spoke, he or she spoke. You spoke. We spoke. You spoke, they spoke. The endings are ESI, ISTE, OU, OU a MOS with an accent on the a, then a RAM and RAM again. So all you have to do is take any AR verb, remove the AR, and add those endings to form the past tense. 26. 4f - trabalhar: The verb means to work in Portuguese. Let's have a look at this verb in the past tense. Trouble. Or travel means I worked, don't forget, in European Portuguese, you pronounce it terrible UI. And in Brazilian Portuguese it's pronounced travel J. Dashed means you worked through a value. He or she worked. Trabajo can also mean you worked and the component will say in front of it to make it clearer. Trouble young, or travel. Yams means we worked through by Yara means you worked in the plural. And travel. Yan'an can also mean they worked. The verb means to visit. And I'm going to give you the Portuguese. I want you to tell me what it means in English. What you visit die or visit day. I visited. Dashed. You visited. Visit TO he or she visited. What else could visit TO mean? You visited? Visit damage or visit terms. We visited, visit around. You visited in the plural. What else could visit around? Mean? They visited? The verb means to look at. So what does or mean? I looked at all? Yeah. You looked at all you he or she looked at you looked at all yams or all yams? We looked at all the around. You looked at in the plural. All year round could also mean they looked at. You'll notice how there is endings appear in all the verbs. Let's have one more quick look at velar, which means to speak. It went for lie or fillet. I spoke for lashed. You spoke fellow. He or she spoke. Fallow can also mean you spoke thalamus. Thalamus means we spoke for Lara, is you spoke in the plural. And follow-on can also mean they spoke. A useful thing you can do to get your tongue used to the conjugation sounds is to say the list over and over again out loud. For lie, fallow, fallow for lamb or vellum. Vellum. And if you say it again and again, eventually your tongue will just get used to the sounds and you'll be able to say it without thinking. 27. 4g - estudar: The verb means to study. How would you say in Portuguese, I studied x2 dy or S2 day. You studied using the to form H2 dashed. He or she studied S2 or S2. Do you studied using voice, say S to do? We studied H2 damage or students used to read in the plural S to downtown or S2 down. They studied S2 or S2 datum. The verb means to stay. How would you say in Portuguese, I stayed? Fungi or PKA? And you'll notice that the spelling is a little odd. It's spelt f, i q u, e. The reason for this is because if the C will left as I see the spelling F I, C, e would be pronounced something like this psi of v, say, because a C followed by an E is an S sound in Portuguese. So to keep the harsh k sound, you change this C to a QU in the I form. So it becomes freaky. Freaky. How would you say you stayed? Thick Ashdod. He stayed or she stayed. Fecal. You stayed using bossy pico? We stayed thick cameras. The cameras. You stayed in the plural. Forgotten. They stayed around. The verb means to listen. How would you say, I listened? She could die. Or esco day. You listened. H dashed. He or she listened. Sql or SQL. Do you listened using both? Say H could do Escobedo. We listened. Eshkol damage or esco Thomas. You listened in the plural. Sql Data Warehouse or SQL data. They listened. Exclude data or good data. 28. 4h - esperar: The verb Ashby NR means to wait in Portuguese, or SPR in Brazilian Portuguese. So how would you say I waited? Hpi or SPIA? You waited using to each barraged. He or she waited. Each petal or S petal. You waited using Rossi. We'll say each petal over, say a sparrow. We waited. Knowledge Pyramus or noses, pyramids. You waited in the plural. Each pair atom, espionage around. They waited around, or espionage around. The verb terminology means to finish. So how would you say I finished? That'd be nine or terminate. You finished their minister. He or she finished getting me know. You've finished using bossy me know, over say terminal. We finished thermodynamics or thermodynamics. You finished in the plural than me narrow. They finished telling me now. Then, now that means to swim in Portuguese. So how would you say I swim or not? They use swam. Not Aster. He or she swam. Nadeau. You swam with bossy? Nadeau will say Nadeau. We swam. Not damaged or anonymous. You swam in the plural. Now that they swam? Not that I don't. 29. 4i - dançar: The verb that means to dance. So how would you say I danced psi more than say, you danced non sash to he or she danced down. So you danced using voice, say Dan. So we'll say dance too. We danced the ensembles or decimals. You danced in the plural noun Saddam. They danced down Saddam. Now you might have noticed that all the conjugations for the Ansar have the C with a CDMA, so it's pronounced like an S, except for the I danced version does say or don't say. That is because when a c is followed by an e is pronounced like an S Anyway, so you don't need to add the medulla to the sea. The verb means to arrive in Portuguese. How would you say I arrived? Shaggy or shigella. You arrived. She gashed. He or she arrived. She go you arrived using bossy. She go over Sasha ago. We arrived. She gambles or she gambles. You arrived in the plural. She got them. They arrived. She got them. Now this is another verb in which the spelling changes slightly for the eye conjugation. So you'll notice that a little you has snuck in after the G. And that's because a G followed by an E is a soft sound, is pronounced Zhou save it would be shy or sij. So to keep the harsh sound, you add a you after the G, because G followed by a U is a sound, then we get shaggy or shigella. But this only happens in the form of the verb, because in the EU and he and we, and they, it's followed by an a or an 0. And G followed by an a is a sound and a G followed by an 0 is a goal sound. So we get the harsh G sound without having to add any of the letters. 30. 4j - er verbs: Er verbs. The group called E-R verbs includes verbs like calm air, meaning to eat in there, to sell, beer, to drink, layer, to read, and apply in there to learn. In fact, any verb that ends in the letters E-R is part of the group of E-R verbs. To put these verbs into the past tense, there are two things you have to do. Step one, remove the last two letters, and step two at the appropriate endings. Step one is quite simple. All you have to do is take off the ER from the end of the verb. So if you're using the verb vendor, which means to sell, you take off the ER and you get wind. Once you've done this, step two says that you have to add the appropriate endings. But what are the appropriate endings? What this means is that you have to add an ending to the end of the verb depending on who did the action. E.g. if you want to say that we did the action, you add the letters E, M, 0, or M, or M goes to the end as very similar to AR verbs. So we sold in Portuguese, would be when damage or when demos. Or you can add the subject pronoun notch at the start, not have been damaged, or gnaws been demos in Brazilian Portuguese. No commandment or Nazca memos would mean we ate. Baby moose. Or Nostradamus means we drank. So you can see how they all end in the letters E, M, 0, S. However, if you want to say that he or she is doing the action, the ending is E, U instead, and you pronounce it AU, e.g. when they are ill, when you are in Brazilian Portuguese. Ellie, when Dale means he sold Camille, you, Camille for l equal male means he ate. Baby you, you bet AU, or Ellie. Babbayo means he drank. So can you see the difference between the verbs in the form and the verbs in the notch form. The form verbs end in the letters E, you. Whilst the notch or the wave form webs all end in the letters E, M, 0, S, MOs, MOs in Brazilian Portuguese. 31. 4k - ele & nós: With E-R verbs, once you've removed the last two letters, you always add an EU for he. And you always add E, M 0 S or MOs for we. So how would you say in Portuguese, he ran. And a verb to run is cohere. Yoko hail or Ellie go hail. He sold and to sell is when there. Ellie, when do we sold? Not sure when demos or no, Sven demos. He ate and to eat his command. Or Ellie Camille. We ate. Nice command moose or Nazca memos. He answered. And to answer in Portuguese is a respond there. You will respond to you or Ellie respond to you. We answered. Respond or not respond. Ems. He drunk and to drink his baby. Ellie babbayo. We drank notch baby, moose or nose baby moves. He read. And to read in Portuguese is layer. Ellie, label. 32. 4l - er verbs full conjugation: How would you say in Portuguese, we read notch lemma or most lameness. He learned and to learn is upland heir apparent to you or Ellie apprehend? We learned another brand or another brand names. He understood and to understand in Portuguese is n then their heel and then they or Ellie. And then day. We understood Nolan didn't damage or nose. And then demos, the past tense or the people. We've had, the he and we've forms of the verb for E-R verbs now. But what about the rest of the people? They, you, Ai Xi and they, Well, remember that you start by taking the ER or from the end of the verb. And then you add these endings for I. Add an item to the end of the verb. For you using two, you add E, S, T, E, pronounced For he or she. You add EU, as we've already seen. For the vasa form of you. You also add EU. For we. You add E M 0 S for the plural you, or you add Iran, which is E R, a M. And it's the same for today. You add e a m around. So let's have a look at an example of AB will use the verb, which means to sell. So you say Wendy, Wendy, I sold. So you see it's got an eye on the end. Then dashed. When dashed means you sold. So it has EST E on the end than they do when they can mean he sold or she sold. So you can add the subject pronouns, ill or ELA or Ellie and ELA in Brazilian Portuguese, meaning he or she to the start. Just to clarify which one you mean IL-7 day. He sold element though she sold. Then they can also mean you sold. And you can put your boss say in front. Then, then when demos means we sold, when they're around, when they're down, means you sold in the plural. And vendetta. It can also mean they sold. That's the past tense conjugation for E-R verbs, Vendee, when Daesh to when they, when they, when they move around, when they don't. 33. 4m - correr: Let's have a look at another example they have in the past tense, go haywire, which means to run, Go hair. And in Brazilian Portuguese, the double R is very often pronounced like a h, So you'll hear it pronounced color, hair, color, hair in European Portuguese, cohere in Brazilian Portuguese. In the past tense, we get coffee. Coffee, Iran. Go hashed, go hashed. You run. Go here you go. Hey, you means he or she run. Go hey, you can also mean you run or I forget, Economic be pronounced call hail, go Hamish. Or cohesiveness means we run. Coherence and cohesion means urine in the plural. And cohere around can also mean they run. So now I'm going to give you some Portuguese conjugations, and I want you to tell me what the English translations are. So when their means to sell, we have in the past tense conjugation, Vendee, when Daesh the vendor, you when they do, when they're when they're around, when they're around. What does Vendee mean? I sold when dashed. Use old. When he or she sold. When they can also mean you sold when demos or when the items we sold. What does Venn diagram mean? Use old in the plural. Or Venn diagram can also mean they sold. Let's do another verb. Means to live. We have vv, v dashed vivo, vivo, the demos around the way around. So what does VV mean? I lived. If you lift the veil, he or she lived. We can also mean you lift vivo. We lived. What does it even mean? You lived in the plural? And it can also mean they lived. 34. 4n - escrever: The verb S grade air, or escalator means to write in Portuguese. So how would you say I wrote gravy or SQL DB. You wrote excavation. Excavation. He or she wrote extra value or escalate. You wrote using bossy. It's going to be escalated. We wrote a script or escalate. You wrote in the plural S gravy around, or escalate around. They wrote around, or escalate around. The verb to drink is better here. How would you say, I drunk baby or a baby? You drunk? Maybe hashed or to Babbage. He or she drank. Maybe you, or you can use the subject pronoun is ill or ELA. Maybe. You drank using bossy baby. You say baby. We drank notch baby, moose or North baby moves. You drank in the plural? Baby around. Oh, baby around. And they drank. Maybe around. Or use baby around. Respond there means to answer in Portuguese. So how would you say I answered? Respond to me? Or in Brazilian Portuguese, the D followed by an I is pronounced more like a, G. G. So, uh, respond D or spongy. You answered. Respond dash to respond dash though. He or she answered. Respond to you or husband Dale. You answered using will say. But one day you or husband Dave. We answered. Upon demos or husband demos. You answered in the plural. Responding around or husband died around. And they answered one day around, or has been around. 35. 4o - ler: The verb means to read in Portuguese. So how would you say I've read Lee or Lee? You read or to Leicester? He or she read. Leo. Leo. You read. Lay over Sally. We read lameness. Lameness. You read in the pleural layer down, voltage later on. They read. Lay down, lay down. The verb means to learn. So how would you say I learned aprendi? Or don't forget that in Brazilian Portuguese, the D, I will pronounce the G up LNG. You learned appendage to do appendage to he or she learned upper end up in the EU. You learned using both, say append, will say append. We learned our brain damage, or append demos. You learned in the plural, around up and down. And they learned up and around, up and around. And then their means to understand in Portuguese. So how would you say I understood? And then the or intangible. You understood. And then dash two. Dash two. He or she understood. And then do then do you understood? And then they will say in than they do. We understood Indian them or end-to-end demos. You understood it in the plural. And then they drown. And then they drown. They understood. And then they around. And then they drown. 36. 4p - oferecer: The verb of various means to offer. So how would you say in Portuguese, I offered a Pharisee or Pharisee. You offered authorization. He or she offered. Say you are very same. You offered using velocity of that essay, you will say, of every sale we offered. Or of Versailles. You offered in the plural of Paris theorem of Farris Sarah. They offered authors serum. Serum. The verb to choose in Portuguese is a school year, school year. So how would you say I chose SQL or SQL? You chose polyester. Polyester. He or she chose Eshkol or escalate. You chose Eshkol, you say esco you we chose Eshkol GMOs or esco GMOs. You chose in the plural noun, or a school year round. They chose each school year round or esco year on. The verb to forget in Portuguese is or how would you say, I forgot efficacy or efficacy? You forgot ESCA session. In European Portuguese, the S in America is pronounced like an SH. But whenever you have an e sound, you'll very often here in the spoken language, the E completely disappears. So rather than saying escrow session, you'll probably hear the first e will be omitted. You don't need to do this yourself is just the way some Portuguese people say it, but it's just so you know what they're saying when you hear it. How would you say he or she forgot to save or SKU? You forgot. As you could see, was say S crusade. We forgot. Erica samples or SQS samples. You forgot in the plural. As you could see around around. They forgot. She could see it on or esco CRM. 37. 4q - ir verbs: Ir verbs. The group of verbs called ir verbs include verbs such as party or meaning to leave, meant ear, meaning to lie. Admit tier, which is to admit permits to allow the CDR to decide. Now, in Brazilian Portuguese, the t R is pronounced cheer. You would say, cheer, men cheer, cheer, and permit cheer. The DIR is pronounced g. So instead of the cdr, you would say DCG in Brazilian Portuguese. Just like with AR verbs and E-R verbs. If you want to put these verbs into the past tense, we have to do is step one, remove the last two letters, and step two at the appropriate endings. Step one is quite simple. All you have to do is take off the IR from the end of the verb. So if you're using the verb, the CDR or deci G, or you would take off the IR and you're left with this seed. Once you've done this, step two says that you have to add the appropriate endings. But what are the appropriate endings? Well, the ending we add depends on the person who did the action. E.g. if you want to say that I did the action, you add the letter I to the end of the verb once you've removed the IR. So you would say e.g. the CD or the CG, to mean I decided. Or you can add the subject pronoun AU, AU DSED, DCG, men, or men. In Brazilian Portuguese means I lied or a mentee. Permit t, permit. Ci means I allowed. So we have to do is add the I to the end of the verb. Once you've removed the last two letters and you've got I did that action. However, if you want to say that she did the action or Ella did the action. Well, the ending that you add is I, you, you, e.g. this edu or the CGU. This means she decided. Meant you mentioned you means she lied. Or of course, you can put the subject pronoun to start as well. Element you. Ella meant you. Permit to. Permit. Jiu means she allowed. So you can see the difference between the verbs in the iPhone and the verbs in the sheet form. When you want to say that I did the action, you add the letter I to the end of the verb. Once you've removed the last two letters. If you want to say that she did the action, then you add the letters i, u, u to the end of the verb. 38. 4r - eu & ela: The verb SSD, or as his cheer means to attend. So how would you say in Portuguese she attended? Assist you or assist you? Could tear or discourage here means to discourse. How would you say she discussed this good deal or this Gucci you, how would you say I discussed this cookie or this Gucci? The verb in fish, deer, or incest means to insist. So how would you say she insisted? In steel or steel? I insisted in stage D or incest G. The verb, the CDR, or DCG, means to decide. How would you say she decided this edu or the CGU? I decided the CD or the CG. And don't forget that with all of these variables, you can also add the optional subject pronoun to the start. So you could say a CD or a DCG. The verb means to open. So how would you say she opened or ELA Abril? I opened up a tree or a library. She lied and the verb to lie is meant here. Moment here meant you meant you. I lied. Minty or Mengzi. 39. 4s - ir verbs full conjugation: The verb add Meteor, or add Meteor means to admit. So how would you say in Portuguese? She admitted. Admit you, admit to you. I admitted admit D or add McGee. The verb means to leave. So how would you say she left? Part deal or bad to you? How would you say I left part D or bad GI? The present tense. Other people. So we now know how to form the xi and the eye forms of the verb. But what about the rest of the people? He and they? Just remember that you start by taking off the IR from the end of the verb, and then you have to add these endings. You add i for i, ISTE, or each for you, or for he and she. I u, for you with will say I am OS or image for we. And then I am down for you in the plural. And also I RAM for those plants to eat down. Let me show you with the verb men or men cheer, which means to lie. We take off the IR and we get a woman or a woman CI, which means I lied to men, teach them. Means you lied. Meant you mentioned you means he or she lied. Was segment you will say Manchu means you lied. Men or men? She moose means we lied. Main theorem means you lied in the plural. And men t down also means they lied. The endings are I, ISTE, IU, IU, I MOS, and then I am, and I am. 40. 4t - abrir: Let's have a look at another example, ir verb conjugated into the past tense. So Abril means to open in Portuguese. And in the past tense we get our Bree. Bree, which means I opened. A breached. Abridged means you opened. W means he opened or she opened up, or you can also mean you opened ramus or AB ramus means we opened our brain down. Round. Means you opened in the plural, and down means they opened the verb present meal. Present mere means to presume. So what I've done here is conjugated. The verb plays into the past tense in Portuguese, we have presume me, presume, you presume you presuming most pleasant, unpleasant medium. What I want you to do is tell me what the English translations are. What does present me mean? I presumed Pleasant Michigan. You presumed presume you. He or she presumed presume you. You presumed. So you can see how it's the same word for he and she and u. So this is where the subject pronouns can come in handy. So you can add YL or Ellie for he and L for xi over, say for you. Just to clarify who you're speaking about. What does that mean? We presumed presumed me around. You presumed in the plural. And what else can present meta mean? They presumed. Let's try another with the verb in such dear or insist. Insist here means to insist. Here's the conjugation. Insecurity in such distance in steel, in steel, in CSD, most in this theorem. And in such dram or in Brazilian Portuguese, the T would be pronounced more like a CH. So you will say e.g. in G. So what does insist t mean? I insisted in fish dish to you insisted. He or she insisted. What else could insist? You mean? You insisted? Insisted the most. We insisted. In such dram. You insisted in the plural. And what else called insisted round mean. They insisted. 41. 4u - partir: The web tier, or per tier means to leave. How would you say in Portuguese? I left part D or patchy. You left? He or she left. Part two or part two. You're left with volts, say part two or part Q. We left part D, mesh or Artemis. You left in the plural noun or pellucida. And they left bacterium or pellucida. The verb men tier here means to lie. How would you say in Portuguese, I lied? Mentee or Mencius? You lied. He or she lied to you. Meant you unite men to you or makes you. We lied. Nash mint emotion or Min she moves. You lied in the plural. Men theorem or mentioned Iran. They lied. Minty down. Or men Cheatham or pedometer here means to allow. It's almost like the English word permit. So how would you say I allowed pedometer or pedometer? You allowed me teach the he or she allowed me to permit you. You allowed better meet you or permits you? We allowed pedometer famous or permit GMOs. You allowed in the plural pyramid theorem, or permit children. They allowed or permitted theorem. 42. 4v - proibir: The verb means to ban. So how would you say in Portuguese I-band? Pro ED or AU probably be. You banned. Prohibition. Prohibition. He or she Band. Preview or ILA or Ella. Probe, you you band with Lucy? We'll say probably, you will probably be, we band. Probably be much. Noss, probably be moose. You banned in the plural. Probably be around. They bend around. The verb desk, CDR, or deci means to decide. So how would you say in Portuguese, I decided this CD or DCG. You decided they see digital. He or she decided this edu, or this is you. You decided this edu or DCG. We decided the CD or the CG moves. You decided in the plural. The CD ROM or DCG down. They decided they see the RAM or dram reverb, dizzy, steer means to give up. So how would you say I gave up? This is t or this is G. You gave up. This is teach the he or she gave up disease or disease to you. You gave up using vasa. Does this do or does this too? We gave up. This is Themis or disease GMOs. You gave up in the pleural disease theorem or disease Cheatham. And they gave up TDM or disease theorem. 43. 4w - admitir: The verb add Meteor, or add Meteor means to admit in Portuguese. So how would you say I admitted admitted t or admittedly. You admitted admitted. He or she admitted. Admit to you or admit to you. You admitted with Rossi. Admit to you or admits you. We admitted. Admitting or admitting moves. You admitted in the plural, admit theorem or admitting Iran. And they admitted admit theorem or admitting around the verb dish, Good deal. Or this could cheer, means to discourse. So how would you say in Portuguese, I discussed this cookie or this Gucci. You discussed dish could teach to he or she discussed this, could do this. Could you you discussed where the Vasa niche CO2 or this gluteal? We discussed this cutie most or this Gucci most. You discussed in the plural. This could theorem or the school children. And how would you say they discussed this theorem? Or the school children? The verb here, or as it's cheer means to attend. So how would you say I attended or SSG? You attended as his teacher? He or she attended a CH2 or a CH2. You attended with what say assist you or assist you? We attended assist teams or assist GMOs. You attended in the plural theorem or assess children? They attended as each Tatum or as his children. 44. 4x - double meaning: The past tense double meaning. In English, there are two ways to talk about the past, e.g. you can either say, I have eaten or I ate. In English, one way uses the verb have and the other doesn't. In Portuguese, however, you can say a alchemy for both of these. So what I'm going to do is give you some past tense verbs in Portuguese. And I want you to tell me the two things that it can mean in English. So what does a dye or a mean? I have swum or I swim. A termini or a will terminate. I have finished or I finished. A comma psi or a comma say, I have started or I started. Wendy. I have sold I sold ALL. Or I have worked on I worked ten tie or AL dente. I have tried, or I tried a new SQL or SQL. I have chosen, or I choose a dye or a moody. I have changed, or I changed a overlie or a woefully. I have spoken and what I spoke AU per d. And the vapor there means to lose. I have lost, or I lost. A, you call me. I have eaten or eight. Uvb. I have lived or just I lived. I have opened or I opened a baby. I have drunk or I drank. 45. 4y - drank vs drunk: So whenever we conjugate a verb into the past tense in Portuguese, we should remember that it can be translated in two ways into English. Let's have a look at the verb comes in all the different people in the past tense, and we'll see it's two English meanings throughout. So Kami kami can mean I ate or I have eaten. To CMS to Commissioner. You ate or you have eaten or ill El Camino? He or she ate, or he or she has eaten. Coma, you will say Camille. You ate or you have eaten. Most Nazca memos or Command moose means we ate. All we have eaten. Means you ate or you have eaten in the plural. Noun or use Kameda means they ate or they have eaten. So what are the two things that come memos or non-squamous can mean in English, we have eaten or we ate. Baby you, or you better, you. He has drunk, or he drank. Fallow. Fallow. She has spoken or she spoke. Comes psi. Say, I have started I started traveling around. Try by Yara. They have worked or they worked. H two dash, two, dash, two dash. Then you have studied or you studied was this compound this compound. You have bought or you bought Nadeau or illness? He has swum, or he swam. Ala Eshkol, you. She has chosen, or she chose. Maybe most mammals. We have drunk or we drank. 46. 4z1 - practise with double meanings: How would you say in Portuguese, I have eaten everything. Au commit to room to room. They visited Lisbon. Eligibility, leash Beauvoir, visit data, leash bulla. You have finished using bossy. That amino. Amino. They have bought that. We finished everything. That I mean, not much to do. He has started Gomez stole your comments. So she worked in Portugal import to go to gown. I found everything here. In contrast to do wacky and contract two, lucky. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it in contrast to the wacky. They have chosen. Xcode. Xcode yam, or in Brazilian Portuguese. Ellie's escalate theorem. You have eaten everything using two Gomez to, to do, to CMS to do. They waited there. It should be around LA, use Esperanto law, or in Brazilian Portuguese, Ellis, Esperanto. 47. 4z2 - recap of verbs: How would you say in Portuguese? We have visited Portugal. Visit Thomas, Portugal. Busy Thomas Portugal. He started or Ellie commensal. She traveled to Portugal. Viejo, opposed to gown or ELA Viejo, upward to gown. I left party, a party. We swam. Not damaged Nostradamus. Now throughout learning this tense, we've actually come across another 22 common verbs that we can add to our web collection. So let me just recap all those new variables that we've been learning. I'll put them in alphabetical order so you can write them down on a cue card. We had add Meteor or adding each year, which means to admit pedometer or permits to allow respond there. Or he's been there. Means to answer. As each deer or access tier means to attend. Probably be here. Means to ban mood our mood, our means to change. A school year or SQL year means to choose dancer. Dancer means to dance. They see deer. Or deci, means to decide. Dish could tear. Or this good cheer means to discourse. Bear. Bear means to drink. Or SPSS means to forget that each deer or disease cheer means to give up their upbringing, their means to learn. Men tier or men cheer means to lie, means to live. All ER. Er means to look at their affairs. Means to offer. Every year after year. Means to open or cohere, means to run. Then their vendor means to sell. And then there, and then there means to understand. So that's 22 new verbs that we can add to our collection. 48. 4z3 - some extra words: Let me give you five new words and phrases that we can use to make our past tense sentences a little bit more wonderful. Firstly, we have on-time, on-time, which means yesterday on time. Niche to ammonia. Ammonia in Brazilian Portuguese, Nesta Mamiya. Nest ammonia. This means this morning. Niche to ammonia. Ammonia. This amount of Posada, this amount of Posada, or in Brazilian Portuguese, the vowels are a lot more open. Nasa manner Posada, nasa amount of past data means last week. And this amount of Poseidon nasa manner, Posada, nuanced, subtle, nuanced Obasanjo. This means last year. Then the mesh, mesh, or in Brazilian Portuguese, G mice, mice. It means too much the mesh. G mice. So how would you say in Portuguese, I ate too much this morning. Kami, the mesh national monument. You can minimize niche pneumonia. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, gamete demise, Nesta ammonia, AU committee mice, Nesta mania. We traveled to Portugal last year via GMOs upward to gout new ano pasado. Nose via GMOs are put together. No ano pasado or in Brazilian Portuguese. North via GMOs are put together in one who passed via GMOs are put together new ano pasado. How would you say using vos? Say you've finished everything this morning that may not to do niche the ammonia velocity terminal to do next ammonia. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, that amino to do nest ammonia. Ammonia. They bought too much in Lisbon. Compression on the mesh English bore. Use compression on the mesh English bar. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would say it. Ellie's compound D mice. English bar L is compound z minus n. This bar. 49. 4z4 - practice sentences: How would you say in Portuguese? He worked in Lisbon last year. But I value on English bow and one yields w, English Bohr model, or in Brazilian Portuguese, early travel in Lisbon, one of Poseidon. She worked here with me yesterday. That I value. I keep omega one theme. Ella travel, you are key omega one time. I tried everything last week. Then by to do nasa mount of Posada, Ableton by two Luna, Samantha Posada or in Brazilian Portuguese. Then they to do nasty menopause sada a lot and they do lunacy minor Posada. They ate here last week. Camino alkene as Samantha Posada. Use camera and wacky nasa matter per server or in Brazilian Portuguese, ls command and wacky nasa manner Posada. I've arrived. Shaggy, AOC guy, or in Brazilian Portuguese, AL shaggy. We drank too much yesterday. They damaged the time nostradamus to mesh on time. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, Nostradamus demise on time. They visited Lisbon last year. We didn't unleash bore no 10 possible. You should visit data dish Bowen one super subtle. Or in Brazilian Portuguese. Ellie's visit tan on Liz Bowen, nanoporous, Adam. I spoke with Maria this morning For like Oh Maria niche pneumonia, a youthful icon, Maria national ammonia, or in Brazilian Portuguese, a fillet, Maria Nesta mania, follicle, Maria Nesta mania. He bought that last year. New ano pasado. You can prove is true. Nanoporous alum. 50. 4z5 - past tense with names: The past tense, names and other nouns. Just like with the going future. You can put names and nouns with the past tense too. If you look at the he and she forms of the verb, you will see that the endings are always OU, EU, or IU, depending on what sort of Verbit is. Well, instead of putting ill, meaning he or Ella, meaning sheet in front of the verb, you can put a name or any noun instead. So yield terminal or L. E terminal means he finished. L terminal. Or l or terminal means she finished. Well, we can put a name in front of it instead and say PowerShell, terminal. Terminal. Paolo finished. Maria terminal. Maria terminal. Maria finished. To do terminal. To terminal means everything finished. So how would you say in Portuguese? Paolo visited Lisbon last year. Pow1, we'll visit Polish poet know ano pasado. Power will visit all leash bulla, new ano pasado. Maria eight here yesterday. Maria Camila key on time. Maria Camila key on time. Everything has started to the commensal. To do commensal. Last week, Maria worked with me in Portugal. Not the amount of Bethsaida Maria trabajo important. Nasty Amanda Santa Maria trabajo amigo important. Well, how would you say Maria traveled to Lisbon? Maria Viejo, Alicia bulla. Maria Viejo, Alice bar 51. 4z6 - já (already): Here is a nice little word that you can put in front of past-tense verbs in Portuguese. Zhao. Zhao. It means already. Jia. Just remember it goes in front of the verb in Portuguese, even though English is sometimes comes after the verb. How would you say I have already finished yet termini or terminate? If you want to use the subject pronoun, you can put that in front of the genre. So you can say AU termini or terminate. How would you say Paolo has already eaten Paolo Giacomo pellucida. They have already visited Lisbon. Jvc data leash boa. Visit data, unleash power. Again, you can put the word for they in front of the genre. So you can put the English or the Ellie's in front of the Zhao. Zhao visit data and each bar or in Brazilian Portuguese, Ellie's visit data leash bore the past tense negative. To make the past tense negative, or you have to do is put the word noun in front of the verb, easy. E.g. now alchemy. Alchemy means I haven't eaten. Now, coming to now come. You haven't eaten. Now commend you. Ill or L, Now coma you. He or she hasn't eaten. Will say now. You will say now Camille, you haven't eaten. Now Command move north. Now CMM, we haven't eaten. Now coming around, voltage. Now come around. You haven't eaten. Now coming around us, now coming around. They haven't eaten. So how would you say in Portuguese, I haven't eaten. Now Kami a Now Kami. I didn't work. Yeah, last year. Now terabyte Yankee pasado or now try by Jackie new one Obasanjo. So in English, I didn't work and I haven't worked are the same in Portuguese. 52. 4z7 - the negative past tense: How would you say in Portuguese? They haven't visited Portugal. Now, visit Portugal. Use now with Dannon bought together. You haven't finished everything using velocity. Now that I'm in, now I'm to do voltage. Now that I'm in nano to Paolo hasn't started. Now CMS, so powerful now coma. So she didn't play. Now juggle L and algia goal. We haven't tried that. Now then Tom was this notion out and done with this one. You didn't travel with me to Lisbon using two now via judge to commit while each Buddha two now we adjust the Camino eligible for the past tense negative double meaning. As you may have noticed with some of the examples of sentences that we've been doing, there are two ways to talk about the negative passed in English. One way with haven't, and the other way with didn't. Well, just like before, there is only one way in Portuguese. Both the phrases I haven't eaten and I didn't eat, e.g. are now coming. Now Kami. So now kami can be translated as I haven't eaten or I didn't eat. Similarly to. Now. Now commissions can be translated as you haven't eaten or you didn't eat. Now Camille, ill or L. Now Camille can be translated as he or she hasn't eaten, or he or she didn't eat. Will say now Camille. We'll say now Camille. You haven't eaten or you didn't eat. Now commemorate National Committee moves. We haven't eaten or we didn't eat. Now coming down voltage, Malcolm marathon. You haven't eaten or you didn't eat. Now Camino. Now coming around. They haven't eaten or they didn't eat. 53. 4z8 - negative double meaning: What are the two different ways that you can translate this into English? Now CMM, notch now commandments, we haven't eaten or we didn't eat. Now that amino, you'll note that amino he hasn't finished or he didn't finish. Now fallow. Ella now Fellow. She hasn't spoken. She didn't speak. Now comma psi now come inside or in Brazilian Portuguese. Now come and say, I haven't started or I didn't start. Now travel Yan'an huge now travel Yan. They haven't worked or didn't work. Now I just do dash two to now h two, dash two. You haven't studied or you didn't study. Now compare them. Now compare them. You haven't bought or you didn't buy. Now, not all. You'll now Nadeau. He hasn't swan or he didn't swim. Now H called J, U, L. Now Eshkol you she hasn't chosen or she didn't use. So even though there are two ways to talk about the past tense in English, one width haven't, and one with didn't. In Portuguese, There's just one way where you have to do is put the word now in front of the verb. 54. 5a - the present tense: The present tense. The present tense is another tense like the past tense, in that there are different endings for each person. As you already know, there are three different types of verbs in Portuguese. Ar verbs, ER verbs and ir verbs. So just like before, we can split the present tense up based on these three different types of verb. Ar verbs. The group called AR verbs includes verbs like visit, meaning to visit, trouble, ER, meaning to work, via jar, to travel, to stay for a lab, to speak. Now to put these verbs into the present tense, there are two things you have to do. Step one, remove the last two letters. Step to the appropriate endings. E.g. if we take the verb visit data, which means to visit, and we take off the last two letters, we get visit. Then we can add endings to that. If you want to say that he or she is doing the action, or we have to do is add the letter a to the end of the verb. Once you've removed the last two letters, you'll get things like il visitor you will visit or Ellie visitor, which means he visits. You fallow. Fallow. Fallow means he speaks through subarea. Trabajo, or LE, means he works. However, if you want to say that we are doing the action where you have to add the letters a, M, 0, S to the end of the verb instead, Amish. So you'll get things like visit damage, which means we visit thalamus. We speak tribal, Jarmusch. We work. Can you see the difference between the three verbs on the left-hand side, which are the he forms of the verb. And the three verbs on the right-hand side, which are the wave forms of the verb. When an AR verb is talking about him doing the action, it ends in an a. However, when it's talking about us doing the action, it ends in a MOS. Or in Brazilian Portuguese. Visit Thomas thalamus, trouble yams, in Brazilian Portuguese. 55. 5b - ar verbs: The verb means to cool. So how would you say in Portuguese, he calls legal. Legal trouble is to work. So how would you say he works? Then about a year yield. We work about Jarmusch or no trouble. Young's. The verb means to sing. So how would you say he's sings? Canada. Canada. Yoga means to play. So how would you say we play yoga? Yoga most he arrives and the verb means to arrive. Shiga. You'll share agar. We arrive. Shingles. Shingles is good. That means to listen. So how would you say he listens? In Brazilian Portuguese SQL data? We listen. Eshkol damage, or in Brazilian Portuguese, esco Thomas. Var means to travel. So how would you say he travels? Via UV Azure? Then that means to try. So how would you say we try? Then dams? Not ten terms means to stay. So how would you say he stays? Feca? You'll FECA. 56. 5c - ele & nós: How would you say in Portuguese, we stay thick camels notionally cameras. The verb to study is too dark. So how would you say he studies Eilish? Do we study S2 damage to them? The present tense? Other people? Well, we've had the heat and we forms of the verb. But what about the rest of the people? The u, i, xi, and they just remember that you start by taking off the AR from the end of the verb. And then you can add these endings. For I. You can add an OH for you. You add AS for he or she. You add an a for you using raw, say you add an a for we, you add a MOS for you in the plural. You add a m and for v, you add a m. Let's have a look at an example with the verb, which means to speak. We get fallow, AFL, which means I speak English, too. Phallic means you speak follow iL, L or L E. L alfalfa means he or she speaks. Voice. Say phyla. We'll say follow. You speak. Thalamus. Nostradamus means we speak for long. Wasatch fault zone. Means you speak in the plural and fell down. Or eels fallow means they speak. So notice how the endings on the end of the FAL part, or 0 AS a, a or a M, 0 S. And then am on the, you plural and am on the way. Let's do another quick example with the verb, which means to work. I value. Their value. Means I work. There are barriers. Barriers means you work. There are barrier. Barrier means he or she works. Then I barrier can also mean you work. Terrible yams. Yams. We work through barium. Barium means you work in the plural and throw Valium. Valium means they work. 57. 5d - present tense full conjugation of ar verbs: I'm going to conjugate the verb visit Tar, which means to visit into the present tense for you. Vc2, z dash, v zeta, visit, visit, visit, visit down. What I want you to do is tell me what these conjugations mean in English. What is visit? I visit v, z dash. You visit visitor. He or she visits. The zeta can also mean you visit, visit damage. We visit, visit down. You visit in the plural. And visit down can also mean they visit. The verb means to look at. And in the present tense, you get all, you all wish. All yeah. Oh yeah. Jarmusch. All young. All young. So what does all this mean? I look at all, Yes. You look at all? Yeah. He or she looks at only can also mean you look at all yams. We look at all young. You look at in the plural. All young can also mean they look at. Let's do one more example like that. So the verb means to speak. In the present tense you get foul. Foul fish. Phyla, phyla, phylum. Phylum. Follow-on. What does it mean? I speak. You speak follow he or she speaks. A follower. You speak a foreign language. We speak phylum. You speak in the plural. Phylum can also mean they speak. And don't forget that you can add optional subject pronouns to the start of any of these to make it clear as to whom you're speaking about. E.g. fire alarm can be Newspeak in the plural or they speak. We could add the optional boss says if you mean you in the plural, or if you mean they use Fallon. They speak. 58. 5e - estudar: The verb, that means to study. How would you say in Portuguese, I study H2O2. A wish to do. Use sturdy. Do this. To do this. He or she studies H2, the eel or Ella es, do the use study using Vasa. Students will say, We study H2 them. Knowledge to damage yesterday in the plural S2 down to them. They study H2 them. And don't forget if you're speaking in a Brazilian Portuguese accent, the sound becomes just a sound. So instead of saying S2, do you say S2 instead of S2 down As to them? The verb means to stay. So how would you say I stay? Fecal? You stay beakers to Vikas. He or she stays. Feca, eel or L FECA. You stay using bossy. Thicker and thicker. We stay. Becomes law should be gums. You stay in the plural. Feca. Voltage V. Can they stay? Feca? Feca. The verb means to listen. How would you say, I listen to a wish for, do you listen? School to school? He or she listens. Eshkol, ill or Ella es quota. You listen using vasa recta. Vasa recta. We listen. Eshkol, damage. That could damage. You listen in the plural. Good. Good plan. They listen. H goes down, either scoot down. 59. 5f - esperar: The verb means to wait. So how would you say I wait in Portuguese? Ash bed. And you wish bedroom. You wait better to wish Spanish. He or she waits. Better. Ill or ELL English better. You weight using bossy. Ish beta will say ish beta. We wait. Hp or animals, Moses parameters. You wait in the pleural space around what's the Azure spin around? They weight, bear down. You will just be around. The verb. Means to finish. How would you say I finish? Ketamine? Their mean. You finish diminish to diminish. He or she finishes. That mean eel or L at their demeanor. You finish using both. Say that Amina. Amina. We finish. Now most, most terminologies. You finish in the plural. That mean now voltage terminal. They finish that Amina. Amina, the verb. That means to swim. So how would you say in Portuguese, I swim. Nadu, able now to use swim. Now there are two Nash he or she swims. Nevada. You l another you swim using boss say Nevada was seen other. We swim. Not damaged. Nostradamus. You swim in the plural. Noun. More session. Now them. They swim. Madam. You should know them. 60. 5g - dançar: The verb that means to dance. So how would you say items? Down? So, down soon, you Dan dancers, dancers. He or she dances. Dancer, eel or L, a dancer. You done using Rossi. Dancer, will say dancer. We done, done some notch, done some. You dance in the plural. Down, some voltage down, some cadence, down, some down some. The verb means to arrive in Portuguese. So how would you say I arrive? Shampoo. Shampoo. You arrive. Share, eager to share. Gosh, he or she arrives. Shiga, ill or ELA Shiga. You arrive using velocity omega. Omega. We arrive. Shingles. Shingles. You arrive. Share gum, will say shear gown. So that's you arrive in the plural. And then how would you say they arrive? Share gum, share gown. 61. 5h - er verbs in the present tense: Er verbs. The group of verbs called ir verbs includes verbs such as Gmail, which means to eat, then their meaning to sell. They bear, which means to drink. Layer, meaning to read and apprehend air, which means to learn. The steps to forming the present tense with E-R verbs are the same as with AR verbs. Step one was to remove the last two letters, and step two is to add the appropriate endings. So if we take the verb vendor, which means to sell, and we remove the last two letters, we get wind, and then we can add the appropriate endings. But again, what are they appropriate endings? Well, if you want to say that we are doing the action, you add the letters E, M, 0, S to the end. So it's very similar to the AR verbs, is how you pronounce it. E.g. when demos notch random, or in Brazilian Portuguese, vendor demos means we sell command, whoosh, no SH, command mode. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, not commandments means we eat. Bam, bam, bam, or North Bay. Ibm's means we drink. So you can see all we've done is removed the ER from the end of the verbs when del command and better and added E M 0 S instead when damaged Command move that image. However, if you want to say that he is doing the action, well and you just add the ending e instead. So if when demos means we sell vendor or ill, vendor means he sells. In Brazilian Portuguese, you'd pronounce this van G, then G command which was we eat. Well he eats is common. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, Kami was, we drink and he drinks is bab, baby. So you'll see in European Portuguese the E sort of just disappears bab. Whereas in Brazilian Portuguese, the e is pronounced like an E baby. So hopefully you can see that the only difference between the two verbs in the week column and the column, or that the endings are different, the first letters stay the same. So when damaged, then the vendor part doesn't change. We add E MOS. If we want to say that we are doing the action, and we just add the letter e. If you want to say that he is doing the action. And in European Portuguese, the E sort of disappears in speaking, vendor, common babble. Whereas in Brazilian Portuguese, it's pronounced like an E. Vng. Call Me Baby. And that means he sells, he eats, and he drinks. 62. 5i - ele & nós: The verb or cohere means to run. So how would you say in Portuguese, he runs your car? Or L E coli, the verb means to sell. So how would you say he sells land? Or elev Angie? How would you say we sell? Notch when demos or in Brazilian Portuguese? Not when demos. The webcam mere means to eat. So how would you say he eats? You come early, Kami. We eat Nazca memos. Nazca memos. The verb rash bone there means to answer. So how would you say he answers? What S bond or in Brazilian Portuguese? His bond G. How would you say we answer? Respond demos? Or in Brazilian Portuguese? Husband demos. To drink is Betfair. How would you say he drinks? Babel or Ellie? Baby. We drink Baby M. Or in Brazilian Portuguese. The demos. Now to read in Portuguese is lair. How would you say he reads? Lei? Lei. Now, in writing with this verb, you have to put a circumflex accent over the e. Il. Lei means he reads. How would you say we read language or lemmas? To learn is our plan there. So how would you say he learns a brand? Or in Brazilian Portuguese, a PNG? We learn our brain damage or append them, then their means to understand. So how would you say in Portuguese he understands intend or intangible? We understand. And then demos or Indian demos. 63. 5j - present tense full conjugation of er verbs: The present tense or the people. We've had the heat and we've forms of the verb. But what about the rest of the people? They, you, Ai Xi and they forms. Well, just remember that we start by taking the ER off from the end of the verb. And then you can add these endings. For I. You add an OH for you. You add ES for he and she. You've had an E for you using both say you add an e for we, we add e PMOS or NMOS. For you in the plural, you add e m, and for vague, you add e m. So let's have a look at an example with the verb vendor, which means to sell. It goes vendor, or a venue for ISL. Vendors, or two vendors for you sell vend or in Brazilian Portuguese, then G for he or she sells. And you can add the optional subject pronouns, ill or ELA, or in Brazilian Portuguese early and ala. To clarify whether you mean he or she sells vend or VNG for you sell using vos, say vos say vendor, or will save energy. Then we sell is when demos or notch when demos. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, knows when demos you sell in the plural is Vendean. Then name, we'll say vending. And then they sell is the same. Then, then, then, then, or English when dime. So you can see how the endings are 0, e e, e e M, 0 S, E M and E M. And that's for E-R verbs in the present tense in Portuguese. 64. 5k - correr: The verb color, hair, color, hair in Brazilian Portuguese means to run. In the present tense, it goes, Go or cough means iron. Gosh. Gosh means urine. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, coffee means he or she runs. Or coffee can also mean you run. Cohesiveness. Or cohesiveness means we run cocaine. Cocaine means you run in the plural and got him or call him, means they run the verb when their means to sell. So what I've done is conjugated the verb into the present tense for you. So it goes Vandal, Vendor, vendor or VNG. Then when G again, then demos or when demos, Van Damme, vending, and then vendor name again. What does Ven do mean? I sell vendors. You sell. Then when he or she sells, what else could vend or VNG mean? You sell? When demos or when demos. We sell van them than them. You sell in the plural. And vending can also mean they sell. The verb means to live. In the present tense it goes vivo, Viva, Viva, Viva, Viva. The vein. Vein. What does vivo mean? I live vivir. You live vivir en Brazilian Portuguese VV. He or she lives viva. And VV can also mean you live VM, which we live, the vein. You live in the plural. And the vein can also mean they live. The verb S grave error means to write. And in the present tense you get H, H, H, H, H, H, craving and ash gray vein. So what does it even mean? Or in Brazilian Portuguese scribble. I write a scratch wish. You write a scribble. Or in Brazilian Portuguese is gravy. He or she writes. A scrabble. Is gravy. You write SQL or SQL VMs. We write craving or escalate even. You write in the plural. Scraping can also mean they write. 65. 5l - beber: The verb means to drink. So how would you say in Portuguese, I drink Babel. Babel. You drink Babbage. To Babbage. He or she drinks bevel or baby in Brazilian Portuguese. How would you say you drink using Rossi? We'll say bab or we'll say baby. We drink. Or Nostradamus. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, bearings. You drink in the plural, Bevan or Wasatch, bang-bang. And how would you say they drink bourbon? Bourbon. The variable rash bond there or has been there, means to answer. How would you say in Portuguese, I answer ash pond or respond to? You? Answer. Responders and non-responders. He or she answers. Correspond. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, his spongy. You answer using lossy was selfish bond or bossy. His spongy. We answer. A fish bone damage or histone dims. You answer in the plural. Name or his bonding. And how would you say they answer? A fish bone name or his name? 66. 5m - ler: The verb layer means to read. Now this verb is a little bit irregular. So if you wanted to say, I read in Portuguese, You say life or lay. In Brazilian, a lion or a label. It's spelled L E I 0. So that's an irregular verb. How would you say you read English? So you'll see it gets a circumflex accent over the E. Leash. That same circumflex accent appears over the E in he or she reads and you read. How would you say he or she reads? Lei. Lei. How would you say you read using both se, Lei, lei. We read blemish, Nostradamus, or in Brazilian Portuguese land most. How would you say you read in the plural? Layering. Layering. So it has a double E in the middle. So this verb is quite irregular throughout. Lame. How would you say they read? Lame? Lame. So it's Lei, lei, Lei, lei lemma, lame, lame. The verb apple and pear means to learn. How would you say in Portuguese island? Append, Append do Yulen. Appendage. To appendage. He or she learns upper end, or in Brazilian Portuguese. Up rangy. You learn using VOC. Voice, say append. We'll say a prayer and G. We then our brain damage or apprehend demos. You learn in the plural, appending. Appending. And they learn a brand name, a brand name, the verb, and then their means to understand. So how would you say I understand? And then do a u and then do you understand intend to end tenders? He or she understands intend or in Brazilian, Portuguese. And tangy. You understand using lossy intend or intangible. We understand. And then damage or end-to-end demos. You understand in the plural, intending them. And they understand intending. And then name. 67. 5n - oferecer: The verb means to offer. How would you say in Portuguese, I offer. Offer is off. That is the C in office who has a subtler that's so that we keep it as an S sound rather than a k sound. If the cellular went there, the C followed by an OH would be pronounced cool. Very cool. But the medulla on the C keeps it as an S sound of a resume. How would you say you offer of various hash of the message he or she offers over S or in Brazilian Portuguese offer SC. You offer using velocity of various NSC. We offer various things. Our first image, how would you say you offer in the plural of various same author, SAM? And they offer very same author is saying the verb means to choose. How would you say, I choose Eshkol? You, Eshkol, you you choose Eshkol use. Eshkol use he or she chooses Scalia, or in Brazilian Portuguese, esco. You choose using Vasa, Eshkol you, or in Brazilian Portuguese esco. How would you say we choose Eshkol GMOs or escalate GMOs. You choose in the plural. Eshkol game. Eshkol again, they choose Eshkol yen, or escalating. The verb means to forget. So how would you say in Portuguese, I forget. Edge. Guess. This is similar to the verb of various air in that the c gets a sub dealer when you follow it with an 0. And so guests, or in Brazilian Portuguese, S guess. So. How would you say you forget? As guessers, ish, guessers. He or she forgets. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, HDAC. You forget using vos, say ish, guess. We'll say Ashe case. We forget. Hk. Same whoosh, whoosh, whoosh. You forget in the plural. S guessing, guessing. And they forget. Ash guessing. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, S guessing. 68. 5o - ir verbs in the present tense: Ir verbs. The group of verbs called ir verbs includes verbs such as bacteria, which means to leave, mental, meaning to lie, admit tier, which means to admit, permit here, to allow. And the cdr to decide. Again, in Brazilian Portuguese, the T i, r is pronounced cheer, and DIR is pronounced g here. So you will pronounce them part of tier. Men cheer, atomic parameter here. And the CG are. The steps to putting the ir verbs into the present tense are the same as the steps for putting the AR verbs and the ER verbs into the present tense. Step one is to remove the last two letters, and step two is to add the appropriate endings. Step one is quite simple. All you have to do is take off the IR from the end of the verb. So if you were using the word deci deer or DCG year, you would take off the IR and you get the seed. Once you've done this, step two says that you have to add the appropriate endings. But what are the appropriate endings? Well, if you want to say I am doing the action, you can add the letter 0 to the end. You will note that this is the same ending as the AR and the ER verbs. So you can have the CDO or the C2, which means I decide, admit to, admit to. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it as you meet to add Jimmy two. And this means I admit permit to AU permit to. I allow. So if you want to say that I do the action, you add an OH to the end of the ir verbs once you've removed the IR. However, if you want to say that she is doing the action while the ending is an E. So the C do was, I decide the seed. The seed means she decides. You can put the subject pronoun she, which is L. And in European Portuguese it's pronounced ELA, but in Brazilian Portuguese, the a is more emphasized ala, Ala, Ala, the seed. And in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it. The CG. She admits would be admitted. Or in Brazilian Portuguese as Jimmy G, L admit or ELA admit G. And then she allows, is per meter, per meter or in Brazilian Portuguese, Ella permit G. So you add an OH to the end of the verb. If you want to say that I am doing the action, and you add an e to the end of the verb. If you want to say that she is doing the action. 69. 5p - ela & eu: Once you've taken off the IR, you can add an OH to the end to say that I am doing the action. And you can add an e to the end to say that she is doing the action. So if the verb means to attend, or in Brazilian Portuguese, as this cheer, How would you say she attends? Or SSG? Dish could tear or this good cheer means to discourse. So how would you say she discusses this code or this Gucci? I discourse? Aldh, good tool. Or this go to the web. Or in cisgender means to insist. So how would you say she insists in C or indices G? How would you say I insist in s2 or insist to the CDR or DCG here means to decide, how would you say she decides the seed or the CG? I decide this e to the c to the verb means to open. So how would you say she opens? Or Abby? How would you say I open? Abu? Abu. The verb to lie is meant ear. Or men cheer. How would you say she lies? Meant or men, she means to leave. How would you say I leave? Part two, AU bar to the verb admit tier, or Udemy cheer means to admit. So how would you say in Portuguese, she admits admission or Udemy? G? I admit. Admit to admit to the verb Desi steel or disease cheer means to give up. So how would you say she gives up? Disease or disease? Gi I give up disease or disease too. 70. 5q - present tense full conjugation of ir verbs: The present tense, all the people. We've seen how to say what she or I am doing with ir verbs. But what about the rest of the people? What about you or he? Or we? Are they? Well, we still start by taking off the last two letters of the verb, and then we can add different endings. So for i, we've already seen that we add the letter 0 for you or to you, add ES for he and she. We add an E for you or vos, say, we add an E for we, we add IM OS image for you in the plural, or you add e M. And similarly for v, we add e m to the end. Let me show you an example of conjugation with an IR verb will use the verb, disease or disease cheer. In Brazilian Portuguese. It means to give up. And in the present tense, we get disease to disease two, which means I give up. The resistors, means you give up this issue. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, disease g means he or she gives up. This is two, over say, disease CI means you give up using lossy disease t most. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, disease GMOs, means we give up this each time. Each time means you give up in the plural. And this each time does each time, it can also mean they give up. So you can see the endings are 0, e, e, i, MOS, EM and EM. The diseased part doesn't change throughout is just the ending that changes. It's the ending that tells you who is doing the action. You might have noticed that the endings for these ir verbs of very similar to the endings that we learned for E-R verbs. The only difference is with we. With E-R verbs, the ending was E MOS. With ir verbs, the ending is I am OS, but all the other persons, the endings are the same. Let me just give you one more example of an IR verb. Means to open. And in the present tense we get our blue, which means I open. Average. You open. Or Arbery means he or she opens. Algebra. Or ABI can also mean you open if you're using Voss, say AB ramus, or AB ramus means we opened. And our brain means you open in the plural. And our brain can also mean they open. 71. 5r - presumir: The verb phrase Lumiere means to presume in Portuguese. So here is the present tense conjugation of placement. We're presuming, presume or presumed me. But as Boomer or presumed presumed me, MIMO, present name, presume name. So what does that all mean? What does presume mean? I presume. But as you presume, presume will present with me. He or she presumes. But as Zoom can also mean, you presume. But as we presume presuming, you presume in the plural. And presuming, it can also mean they presume the verb insist. Insist. G means to insist. So again, here is the present tense conjugation of incest. Here. It goes in s2, in siesta, in S2, or in Brazilian Portuguese. Insist. Insist again, or in CSCI, in teams or in Brazilian Portuguese insist GMOs in time and in cysteine. So what does insist to mean? I insist. Insist. You insist? Insist. Insist. Gi he insists or she insists. In siesta or insecurity can also mean you insist. Insist image or insist GMOs. We insist. Insist time. You insist in the plural. So you can put in front of it. Was says is each time. And then in cysteine can also mean they insist. So those IR, present tense verb endings there throughout again, 0 E S E, E, and then I M 0 S E M E M. 72. 5s - partir: The verb means to leave, or in Brazilian Portuguese, how would you say I leave? You leave? British, he or she leaves. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it. But if you leave using Voss, say bad. Part g. We leave Artemis. Artemis. You leave in the plural, part-time. And they leave. Bad thing. The very men or men cheer means to lie. So how would you say, I mean two. So as you can see, this one is a slightly irregular one as well. I mean, to say rather than men to the e in the middle changes to win. I mean two, It's only the I form of this verb that is irregular. The E changes to an eye. For the rest of the person's, the e stays as it is. So how would you say you lie? Mentors, mentors. He or she lies. Mentor. Mentee. You lie using bossy. Mentor. Mentee. We lie. Men or men she moves. You lie in the plural. Meantime, they lie. Maintain. The verb better Meteor, or permit cheer means to allow. So how would you say I allow permit to AU permit to you allow permit this pedometers. He or she allows better meat. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, better nietzsche. You allow using basi per meter or permit. We allow permit team or permit teams. You allow, in the plural, better methane. Methane. They allow better methane. Methane. 73. 5t - proibir: The verb probably be here means to ban. So how would you say I-band? Provi, provi Bu? And you'll notice that the I in the middle gets an accent. Bro IEP. So this is a very slightly irregular verb. How would you say you been? Prohibition? Prohibition. He or she bands. Bro Ebola or in Brazilian Portuguese, pro EB. You been using Voss say provi. Provi. We been probably be most probably be moose. Say alleges that the eye has an accent for the I-band, you ban he or she bands. And the UN for both say that the accident disappears in women. But then it appears again in the EU ban in the plural and the davon. So how would you say you been in the plural? Provi? Provi? Provi. Provi being the verb, the CDR or the CG means to decide. So how would you say I decide that I see? Do they see do you decide they see this? They see this. He or she decides. The seed or the CG. In Brazilian Portuguese, you decide with voice, say the seed or the cgi. We decide the CD or the CG moves. You decide in the plural. They see them, they see them. They decide. They see them. They see them. And then the verb means to give up. So how would you say I give up? This is two. This is two. You give up. Dizzy stash. Does each dish. He or she gives up. There's Easter or disease gi. You give up using lossy disease or disease G. How would you say we give up? This each team? This is Themis. You give up in the plural. Does each thing does each time. They give up. There's each thing. Does each thing. 74. 5u - admitir: The Portuguese word for to admit is add Meteor, or in Brazilian Portuguese as Jimmy tier. How would you say I admit admit to admit to you admit admitted. Admitted. He or she admits. Admit or Udemy CI. You admit using, say, add meter or Udemy CI. We admit ADM edema or Udemy teams. You admit in the plural. Admit them. Admitting they admit, admit them. Admit them. The verb means to discourse. So how would you say I discourse? This? Go to this school too. You discuss this good dish, dish scooters. He or she discusses this group or this Gucci. You discuss with this code or this Gucci. How would you say we discussed in this image? Or this Gucci moves? You discourse in the plural. This good time, this good thing. They discuss. This good time. This good thing. The verb means to attend. So how would you say I attend? A CH2? Ch2. You attend as each dish to as each dish. He or she attends or assist. You attend using voice, say CH2. Oh, SSG. How would you say we attend? A CHT most or assist GMOs? You attend in the plural. I see steam as each team. They attend, as the stain. As each team. 75. 5v - conjugation recap: You've now seen how to form the present tense for AR verbs, ER verbs and ir verbs only have to do is remove the last two letters. And then for AR verbs, you can add the letters 0 AS a, a, a MOS, am, am. For E-R verbs, you add the letters 0, ES, E, e, E, MOS, EM, EM. And for ir verbs you add the letters 0, E S, E, E, I, MOS, E M, E M. So you can see how the endings are all quite similar. It's always an 0 for i. The ER and IR verb endings are identical, except for we. For ER is E, MOS, for IR is I MOS. Then the only differences are the AR verbs have an a, where the ER verbs have an E. So it's an AS rather than an ES. It's an a MOS rather than an E MOS, and it's an AM rather than an EM. The endings follow a similar pattern. You can use those with any regular present tense verb. Now, I'm going to give you six phrases to make your sentences a little bit longer. In the present tense, we have toddlers use ds. Ds means every day. In Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it as GS. Gs. So that's every day. Then we have pointers versus cash basis. That means often, literally means many times. In Brazilian Portuguese, the essays would be pronounced like an S rather than an S H. So it would be more intense versus that may have normal meant. Normal meant, or in Brazilian Portuguese, normal, normal men CI, which means normally. Then we have said, said, that means early zone to zone two means together. Or in Brazilian Portuguese you would pronounce it June tooth zone tools. Then moving to more than two means very mine too. So how would you say she eats here every day? And the verb to eat his calm air. Combat key dollars is ds, l comma key. Toddlers is the ash, or in Brazilian Portuguese, a Laconia key, tortoises, GS. How would you say we traveled to Portugal? Often, the verb to travel is via JR. Via GMOs are pulled together. This measures not via jam was about to go more into cash basis. Or in Brazilian Portuguese. North Vietnam was appalled to go more into us versus. 76. 5w - practise with the present tense: How would you say in Portuguese? Normally, they arrive early. And the verb to arrive is sugar. Normal meant she gowns said normal mentor. She gowns said do. In Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it. Normal. Shutdown, said normal magic. She said, How would you say you finish early tomorrow using Voss? Same. Mina amino said the woman, Yeah. Vasa. I said why Mamiya? How would you say he buys everything? And the verb to buy is comparable to do your complex tool. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, Ellie, compared to normally, I wait here. And the verb to wait is SBAR. Normal men to spare, wacky. Normal met a wish patriarchy. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, normal Mansi, a spare wacky, normal Mengzi, ALS better wacky. You do everything normally using two. And the verb to do is fuzzier. Phasors to do normal meant to phasors to do normal meant would you say we work together? And the verb to work is terrible. Yeah. Jarmusch, June, June, push. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, not try by gammas June to Nostradamus isn't too. How would you say, I write to Maria every day? And the verb to write is a square there. As gravel and Maria toddlers Diaz AUX grave where Maria toddlers Diaz, or in Brazilian Portuguese and scrape away Maria tortoises GS, scraping by Maria daughters is ds. 77. 5x - names with the present tense: How would you say in Portuguese? They visit Lisbon together. Very often. Visit town leash power zone two monitors versus visit unleash poems want to touch basis. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, visit town least Boas room two pointers versus how would you say I read every day? And the verb to read is lead. Les, you told us was a way. Toddlers Diaz. He swims with Paolo often and the verb to swim is not our Elon. Now the comparable interface versus another compound interest versus or in Brazilian Portuguese. Now the compound interest versus the present tense, names and other nouns. Just like with the other tenses, you can put names and nouns with the present tense to. All we have to do is change the ill or the ELA to a name or a noun. So alfalfa. Alfalfa means he speaks. L of Fowler means she speaks. Well. You could put a name in front of fallow and say bowel, follow pow1, we'll follow Paolo speaks or Maria Fowler. Maria, maria speaks. Or you can put any noun in front of fella. Who bought by Guy you follow, Oh baba guy you follow, means the parents speaks. So how would you say in Portuguese? Paolo visits Barcelona, often. Visit a Barcelona more into Chavez ish. Paolo, visitor Barcelona Motors versus how would you say Maria is here every day? Maria coma key is the hash Maria comma key. Toddlers, just the ash. The parents speaks Portuguese. And Portuguese is both to gash. Buh-bye, bye guy. You follow up onto gosh, bye, bye guy. You fall apart. 78. 5y - practise with names: How would you say normally Maria travels with me. Normal meant Maria via Camille, normal mentor Maria the asha Code amigo, or in Brazilian Portuguese, non-man Mengzi Maria via asha committee, normal Manchu, Moravia column-medial. Paolo finishes early tomorrow. That mean I said why ammonia? Ammonia. Everything arrives tomorrow. To do shake the ammonia, to do shaggy ammonia. Paolo swims everyday. Bowel. Now the daughters the bowel. Now that toddlers Diaz, or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would say Powell, neither daughters. Maria buys everything normally. Maria compared to normal mental. Maria competent to do normal mentor. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, Maria compared to normal Mengzi. We try everything together. Then damage to the ozone push. Notch ten Thomas to do Zoom push. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, know Stan Thomas to the zone, to Nostradamus, to do zone to Polo arrives Soon. Paolo Jagger. Jagger said. 79. 5z1 - present tense double meaning: The present tense double meaning. In English, there are two ways to talk about the present tense. E.g. you can either say, I eat, Oh, I'm eating. In English. One way uses I'm ink and the other way it doesn't. In Portuguese, however, there is only one way. So you don't have to say I am or figure out how to say Inc. in Portuguese, you simply use the present tense AU common. So what would be the two different ways that you can translate into English? Novel? I am swimming or I swim. A would mean that mean I am finishing. I finish. All share gu gu. I am arriving. I arrive. A window, a window. I am selling, or I sell. A value, a value. I am working. Or I work in fish, two fish too. I am insisting, or I insist. A vivo. Vivo. I am living, or I live a fallow. Fallow. I am speaking, or I speak. School to school. I am listening, or I listen. A Moodle. Moodle. I am changing, or I change. 80. 5z2 - do vs doing: So if you say AFL, AFL, you can translate that into English in two different ways. I speak or I'm speaking. It's the same for any person in the present tense. So foolish or to filers can mean you speak or you're speaking. Follow or ill filer or alfalfa. That can mean he or she speaks, or he or she is speaking. We'll say phyla. Phyla. That can mean you speak or your speaking. Thalamus. Thalamus. This can mean we speak or we're speaking. Fallon Wasatch. Fallon can mean you speak or you're speaking when you're speaking about the plural. Fallon or useful now, can mean they speak or they're speaking. And it's the same with names as well. Powell follow. Paolo. Phyla can mean Paolo speaks or Paolo is speaking. Maria Fowler. Maria, maria speaks or Maria is speaking. By Guy, you follow uber die, you follow. This could mean the parents beaks or the parrot is speaking. Now would train. Train means the train in Brazilian Portuguese. In European Portuguese, they say combo, combo you. So what are the two different things that this could mean in English? Would try Schlager or Shiga. The train arrives or the train is arriving. Bowel or gum or bow a little gummy. Paolo eats, or Paolo is eating phosphorus to do Pfizer's to do You do everything or you're doing everything? Maria maria subarea key. Maria works here or Maria is working here. Via Zhao most or least boa via Xiaomi challenge bola. We traveled to Lisbon or we're traveling to Lisbon. 81. 5z3 - practise with double meanings: What would this mean in English? Visit Tom, Maria input to go visit and Maria important gown. They visit Maria in Portugal, or they're visiting Maria in Portugal. Says this two down. Two down. You study or you're studying. Lp, khaki, ala FECA, Aggie. She stays here or she's staying here. You'll fall apart to gash, in follow up or to gauge. Or in Brazilian Portuguese. Ellie, fallible to gaze, early fall apart to gays. He speaks Portuguese, or he's speaking Portuguese. A larger orbital logo, larger upper lobe, or in Brazilian Portuguese. Abby logo. A larger Abby logo. The sharp open soon, or the shop is opening soon. Then damage to do, then damage to or in Brazilian Portuguese, then Thomas to do then damage to do. We try everything? Or we're trying everything. 82. 5z4 - the negative present tense: The present tense negative. To make the present tense negative, or you have to do is put the word noun in front of the verb. Here's an example with the verb, which means to speak. Notice how there'll be two meanings, again in English. Now fowl. Fowl means, I don't speak or I'm not speaking. Now phallus to now Fowler's. You don't speak or you're not speaking. Now follow ill or L Now fella. He or she doesn't speak or he or she isn't speaking. Voice say nofollow was saying now follow. You don't speak or you're not speaking. Now thalamus notch now thalamus. We don't speak or we're not speaking. Voice session alpha alone, voltage. Now felon, you don't speak or you're not speaking in the plural. Now phylum, English now fallen. They don't speak or they're not speaking. Paolo alfalfa. Alfalfa. Paolo doesn't speak, or Paolo isn't speaking. Maria now follow. Maria Novella. Maria doesn't speak, or Maria isn't speaking. Now the word for meat in Portuguese is garden, or gardening in Brazilian Portuguese. So how would you say, I don't eat meat? Now como can. Now common garden, or in Brazilian Portuguese, now call Macartney. A will now come Carney. So you can see how the word now comes directly in front of the verb. Even if you use a subject pronoun, the subject pronoun. So in this instance, AU goes in front of the noun and then the now goes in front of the verb. Now common garden. How would you say he doesn't work here? Now Theravada key. Now probably AKI or in Brazilian Portuguese, LE. Now try very AKI. So once again, the ill or the LE, which is the subject pronoun, meaning he goes in front of the noun. And the word now, which actually means that not goes directly in front of the verb. Now. He doesn't work or he's not working. 83. 5ze - negative practice: How would you say in Portuguese? They aren't visiting Portugal this year. And this year in Portuguese is Nestor. Nestor or in Brazilian Portuguese, you pronounce it. Now, visit Tampa to go niche down. Use now with the tamper to niche down. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, now, the Z tamper to go niche GM, Ellis noun visit and Portugal, nest GM. How would you say you aren't doing that using Voss? Say now Father is soon. We'll say now facets. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it. Now fuzzy is, how would you say Paolo isn't arriving tomorrow? Power will now share Garmin. Yeah. Paolo now share Garmin. Yeah. She isn't working here tomorrow. Now. Strawberry acai, ammonia, L and l progeria key ammonia. We don't swim often. Now Madame, which monitors V naught, now Madame which monitors vanish. Or in Brazilian Portuguese. Now Madame most momentous, various nodes. Now Nadar most momentous versus I don't visit Elizabeth and very often. Now visit to Liz Bowen montage versus now busy too much power, more interest versus or in Brazilian Portuguese. Now visit all these polar moieties versus a vesicle is polar moieties versus. 84. 6a - vocabulary recap part 1: Let's do a recap of all the words and phrases that we've learned in this course. How would you say in Portuguese, I want I'm going can I postal here? Aki there. Now? That is everything to do. Tomorrow. Ammonia. You can boards. Or in Brazilian Portuguese poet GC. You can't now support, or in Brazilian Portuguese now symbology to Lisbon. In Portugal. Import to go soon. Logo. Next week. Now Proximus Amana. Next year. New processing one with gone with me. Call me go. Well or fine. Name this morning. National ammonia in Brazilian Portuguese, nest ammonia. Last week. Nasa manner Posada. Last year. New ano pasado. Too much. Diminish. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, G mice already. Yeah. Every day. The ash, or in Brazilian Portuguese, dollars is gs. Often went this way as more in Brazilian Portuguese point us versus normally. Normal meant in Brazilian Portuguese, normal men CI. 85. 6b - vocabulary recap part 2: How would you say in Portuguese, early said together or in Brazilian Portuguese? June to vary. Now let's go over the verbs that we learned in this course. How would you say to admit, admit year, or in Brazilian Portuguese admit year? To allow pedometer or pedometer here. To answer. Has been there has been there. To arrive. She got to attend as each tier or as his cheer. To ban. Probably beer. To be estar, estar to buy. Compare to change modality. To choose a school year. Or it's called year. To dance. Dancer. To decide the CDR or DCG. To discourse. This could tear this gluteal to do or to make fast, to drink, to eat. Compare to find. In contrast. To finish. Now, To forget, to give that, to give up. This is T here, or this is cheer. 86. 6c - vocabulary recap part 3: How would you say in Portuguese? To learn? I put in there to leave party or parties to lie. Mentee, mentee, to listen, SQL or SQL data to live. We were to look at all, yeah. To lose. Pair there. To offer. Offset is set to open. Every year. To play. Yogurt had to read, layer to run. Cool hair, color, hair, to sell. When they're to smoke. Format, to speak. Foliar. To start Komisar, to stay. Feca, to study S2 or S2 that to swim. Not add. To try to understand. Then there to visit, visitor, to wait, Behdad or SPR, to work, to write. Or S-curve. 87. 6d - practise with all tenses: How would you say in Portuguese, I'm going to leave early tomorrow. Vote back dear said why ammonia? Ammonia. Can I start soon? Possible commerce or logo? Boss to commence our logo. I want to stay here today, and the word for today is also h, 0 j, e, ghetto thick archaeology, Gaddafi, Canada key osha. We're going to be in Portugal soon. Vamos a star, input to their logo. Nostradamus, you start to get a login, or in Brazilian Portuguese that you would pronounce it, nos vamos a star, important to get a logo. Can I leave both super possible, but here he isn't going to be there. Now via Staedtler. You'll know by Ashtabula or in Brazilian Portuguese LE. Now via Staedtler. She is going to stay here with Paolo. Violet, gotta keep compile. L of I forgot. I have already eaten. Jack Comey, AUG Akami. They have lost everything. Better to do. Use per day down to we haven't visited Lisbon. Now visit Thomas Lynch bore notch now visit Thomas Willis bar, or in Brazilian Portuguese, knows now visit Thomas Lys bar. They understood. And then data around. 88. 6e - practise with all tenses: How would you say in Portuguese, I'm staying here. 50k wacky. A 250k wacky. I'm not staying here. Now. 50k wacky. Now 50k wacky. Where eating here together tomorrow. Memos occasion to Semenya. Most common was occasion to Semenya. I'm studying Portuguese with Maria H22 port to DashCon, Maria A0 to get calm Maria, they're not going to listen. Now found a scooter, huge now vanished group that you're going to lose everything using two vice better there to do, to vanish per dare to do. Can I speak with Paolo? Possible foliar compile both to follow our compound. We found Maria. Maria. Maria. He's already left Japan. Japan. Or in Brazilian Portuguese. Ellie yap at you. I visit Portugal often. Visit tuple to go more into a busy to pull together a montage message. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it, a will be z to pull together this mazes. 89. 6f - practise with all tenses: How would you say in Portuguese, we don't eat here very often. Now come was a key montage versus notch command was a key montage message. Or in Brazilian Portuguese, you would pronounce it. Knows now come memos are key. Maltose versus I want to travel to Portugal next year. Get to gamble proximal one, ghetto via jar, upper two Gauss knew proximal one. Next year I'm going to travel to Lisbon. New proximal one vote via chat Alice bore. No processing one vote via Alibaba. You're going to eat everything using lossy. Vo, say y comer to do was say Vi comma two. I lost that yesterday. Better. Di is two on-time. On-time. He found that this morning in control is through national mania. Healing control is to niche to ammonia. The word for the film in Portuguese is film. Or in Brazilian Portuguese will feel me. So how would you say the film has started? Film commerce. So I'll fill me chromosome. He is arriving tomorrow. Shake ammonia. Ammonia. I understand everything. And then do do you intend to do