Lettering Flourishes Masterclass: The Secrets to Elegant, Effortless Calligraphy Flourishing | Molly Suber Thorpe | Skillshare
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Lettering Flourishes Masterclass: The Secrets to Elegant, Effortless Calligraphy Flourishing

teacher avatar Molly Suber Thorpe, Calligrapher & Designer

Watch this class and thousands more

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Taught by industry leaders & working professionals
Topics include illustration, design, photography, and more

Watch this class and thousands more

Get unlimited access to every class
Taught by industry leaders & working professionals
Topics include illustration, design, photography, and more

Lessons in This Class

    • 1.

      Welcoming to Flourishing Masterclass!

      1:42

    • 2.

      Principle 1: Intention

      1:08

    • 3.

      Principle 2: Placement

      9:12

    • 4.

      Principle 3: Size

      4:41

    • 5.

      Principle 4: Shape

      2:12

    • 6.

      Principle 5: Style

      3:39

    • 7.

      Principle 6: Quantity

      6:06

    • 8.

      Principle 7: Weight

      2:52

    • 9.

      Principle 8: Legibility

      4:16

    • 10.

      Principle 9: Drills

      2:22

    • 11.

      Principle 10: Layouts

      2:10

    • 12.

      Bonus: Guidelines

      0:56

    • 13.

      Keep Learning…

      1:24

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About This Class

Want to take your calligraphy to the next level?

In this Lettering Flourishes Masterclass, I’m sharing my 10 principles for successful flourishing so you can create elegant, intentional flourishes with confidence.

Whether you’re working with pen and ink or digital lettering in Procreate, these principles will make your flourishes graceful, dynamic, and effortless. You’ll learn exactly where, when, and how to add flourishes, so they enhance your lettering instead of detract from it.

➤ What You’ll Learn:

✔️ The 10 essential principles of flourishing for smooth, confident strokes
✔️ How to get the right size, shape, and proportion for any lettering style
✔️ Where to place flourishes so they feel balanced, not cluttered
✔️ Tips to make your flourishes look polished, professional, and effortless

➤ Follow Along with the Free Workbook!

To make learning even easier, I’ve included a big flourishing workbook so you can follow along with every lesson. You’ll find it in the Resources tab in two formats:

  • Printable PDF (for tracing with pen & paper)
  • Procreate file (for iPad lettering)

 Who’s This Class For?

  • Beginners – Get a solid foundation in flourishing and avoid common mistakes.
  • Seasoned Lettering Artists – Refine your flourishes to make them more intentional and polished.

By the end of this class, you’ll have mastered the art of flourishing, elevating the beauty and elegance of your hand lettering. So grab your pen (or iPad), download the workbook, and let’s flourish together!

 Procreate Brushes

If you’re following along on your iPad with an Apple Pencil, I’ve included my recommended Procreate brushes for each lettering style covered in the class. All of these brushes come from my Ultimate Lettering & Calligraphy Procreate Kit.

➤ About Me

Hi! I’m Molly Suber Thorpe, a professional calligrapher since 2009. I specialize in modern calligraphy styles and digital lettering techniques. Over the years, I’ve published how-to guides and workbooks on pointed pen calligraphy, brush lettering, and cursive—helping thousands of artists refine their skills.

Teaching is my passion because I love empowering fellow artists, helping them unlock new creative opportunities, and even launch profitable freelance careers.

As a Top Teacher here on Skillshare, I offer a variety of classes on calligraphy, typography, Procreate, Adobe Photoshop, and creative freelancing. Check out my other classes here or visit my website to learn more about what I do.

You might also be interested in…

Meet Your Teacher

Teacher Profile Image

Molly Suber Thorpe

Calligrapher & Designer

Top Teacher

I design custom lettering for brands and individuals, Procreate brushes for artists, fonts for designers, and freelancing tools for creatives. I'm the author of four books for lettering artists and teach the craft both online and in person.

I'm lucky to have worked with some awesome clients over the years, including Google Arts & Culture, Martha Stewart, Fendi, and Michael Kors. My work and words have been featured in such publications as The Guardian, The Wall Street Journal, Martha Stewart Weddings, LA Times, and Buzzfeed.

I love connecting with my students so please please share your projects with me. If you do so on Instagram, tag me with @mollysuberthorpe so I'm sure to see it!

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Transcripts

1. Welcoming to Flourishing Masterclass!: He. Welcome to Lettering Flourishes Master Class. I'm Molly Suberthorp. I work as a professional calligrapher and procreate brush designer, and I'm also a teacher of lettering. In today's lesson, I'm going to share what I've determined are the key principles to successful flourishing in hand lettering and calligraphy. The bonus download that comes with today's lesson is this 26 page workbook. It's also what I'm going to be using to give my presentation to you today. So you can follow along at home with a lot of the same flourishing practice sheets that I've provided here. You can trace the common shapes. You can experiment with different styles. You can train your hand to get the smoothest strokes, and you can even print the PDF versions. All of the principles I'm covering today apply to analog and digital lettering equally. When it comes to the key considerations of thoughtful flourishing that ends up looking effortless, the exact same principles apply, no matter which medium you're using. You can follow along with income paper or with your iPad, and I've provided this downloadable workbook in both of those formats. And finally, I want you to bear in mind as we go that successful flourishing combines all the principles that I'm going to be discussing, which did make it a little bit difficult for me to choose which order to present everything in. So as we get to the end of the presentation, you may find yourself having the desire to go back to the beginning and rewatch how an earlier principle would then integrate with one of the later ones we're learning. 2. Principle 1: Intention: The first flourishing principle I'm going to cover is intention. This should not be confused with style. It's a broader principle than that. While it might be an unexpected addition to the list, I actually think it's so important that it deserves to be number one. Flourishes can be used to add elegance to increase the formality of a calligraphy or lettering style. Fancy flourishes can be used to make lettering appear elegant, more old fashioned, or just more decorative in every way. Other times, flourishing is used to add drama. This is much more common in bold styles of hand lettering than in script, but it can simply mean it's more common in lettering, which is drawn rather than calligraphy, which is more written like handwriting. So where intent comes in is that before even creating your flourishes, you really must have a sense of the overall impression that your flourishing must convey and create. How will your flourishes elevate and impact the base letter forms? 3. Principle 2: Placement: Principle number two is placement. The most common placements for flourishes, whether formal or playful or bold or modern are a letters ascender strokes, a letters descender strokes, meaning those that go below the baseline, the entry strokes leading into a word. The exit strokes leading out of a word or out of a phrase, you don't necessarily want to flourish every exit stroke. Like, in this case, this one on the T would probably be a little bit much. Then, of course, the crossbar of the letter T, which some might categorize as a type of a sender, but really because it is horizontal and it usually sits only slightly above the X height, it's considered to be its own category. There's also a category of flourishable areas like the connection out of this O, namely areas within letter forms or within the connections between letter forms that have opportunities to add extra flourish or extra curves. So now that we understand where flourishes go, let's talk about where they should fill. So flourishes tend to fill either negative space or overlap other flourished loops, primarily other parts of flourishes, but occasionally open loops in letters themselves. The exception of the crossbar of a T flourishes should rarely overlap the primary strokes of a letter, simply because that can really reduce legibility quite quickly. So here I've shown you the negative space of this particular phrase, which I consider to be prime real estate and territory for filling with your flourishes. So having written this phrase, hot fudge in a basic Caligraphic alphabet, I can then evaluate what areas of this can I use for flourishing? I don't have to fill all of them, but flourishes would work well in these particular spaces. So combining essentially the negative areas that I have to fill with the specific letter regions that I can use, I can come up with a number of options of how I can flourish this filling in my negative space and utilizing the entry, exit, a sender, descender strokes to create a more flourished design. I flourished most of the regions that I previously laid out in the initial diagram. So for example, on this ge, I removed that initial curve, the symbol curve, and instead, I came around and filled up the negative space here and some of the negative space in front of the H. For the crossbar of the T, I filled up a lot more negative space above it and to the right of it. For this O, rather than this simple connection, I turned the connection into a loop, which really complements these loop shapes I've created in the other flourishes. For my F, this was all I had before. I was a very simple descender stroke on the F, but I added a second curve to it by filling in some of the negative space to the left of the F. For the top of the F, I had this quite simple curve, and I replaced it with a curve that filled up the negative space to the right of it. My D's A sender, which was your classic A sender loop, that filled up a lot more negative space, both to the left and to the right, and it even increased the height of the letter too. So I chose just one of many options of flourishes for that one. My descender of the G, of course, was originally a little loop like this, but I just really extended it out to fill up that negative space to the left and to the right. Decenders very often give you a lot of opportunity to fill up a lot of space because the florist shapes for descenders tend to be pretty wide. And then I just did a very simple exit stroke on this E. The end result, if I were to write this all out together would look like me writing like this. Unless I already know exactly the flourish I'm doing, I often start with the base shape and then add the flourish once I have a little bit more sense of the word. That's pretty common. But again, unless I already know in advance or I'm tracing and I know exactly what flourish shape I want, I tend to draw them in that order. Now you may be thinking, how do you know what shapes and all of that? That's going to come later. Remember how I said that these things go hand in hand and there's not really a particular order I can teach them in that will cover everything that you need to know in one step after another. All of this is going to be covered. But yeah, first, we're just talking about where you're going to put your flourishes and then we'll talk about how to shape them. So here are some more examples of placement. I had just shown you one way to flourish it, but here are two more. We have, for example, if we just compare these two, I made a choice on this one to fill up the negative space and move a little bit below the baseline with my entry stroke. But here on this H, I didn't do anything to the entry stroke. I only flourished the acender, but I filled up the negative space to the left of the H with my Asender so in that sense, I added space to the left of the word without playing at all with the entry stroke. So that is one crucial principle, and we're going to get to that more later. But you don't have to flourish every available opportunity. Sometimes choosing some and leaving others unflourished is what creates the appropriate contrast to make for really effortless impressive flourishing. So I did some simpler things on these. You can see that here this T bar is pretty short, whereas this T bar not only is so long that it actually incorporates into the flourish of the F. Here I did something similar making the flourish of the F incorporate into the flourish of the D. And then I did some fancier stuff with my G and made a couple different options for the descender of the F. So like I said, with this workbook, you're going to be able to come in here and trace these on your own, build up that muscle memory to really get a sense of movement, shape, size, and pressure, how to press down to keep the thin strokes thin and the thick strokes thick. Here I have this base phrase without any flourishing whatsoever. And you're going to get the opportunity on your own, and here with me a little bit to play with ways that you can flourish these words to your own liking. So, for example, I'm just coming in here. I like to sketch things out like this and sort of play with their legibility, knowing that I can, you know, change them around before I trace the whole word. And each time I'm going to try to do something just a little bit different. Yeah, let's see what I think of that. Here in Procreate, I can make my sketch, and then I can reduce its opacity and then trace that original template and my flourishing together in one design. See how I just made that edit as I went. I realized that because I had created this large flourish at the bottom of the F, I lost my F's crossbar. So it was going to look more like an L than an F. So off the cuff, I just created this F's crossbar to connect the U, and that kind of solved the legibility issue I was going to face. And again, if this overwhelms you and you're just thinking, but how do I come up with these shapes? That's where we're about to get. Okay, cool. So this is an exercise that I want you to play with at home on your own. Nothing is a better way to practice flourishing than just diving right in and experimenting on your own. So challenge yourself. How many ways can you flourish this short phrase? 4. Principle 3: Size: Next up, principle number three is size. The best piece of advice that I can give anyone starting out with flourishing is this. Flourishing should almost always be much larger than you think it should be. The most common issue I've seen over the years among my students is that since flourishes are considered to be accents and therefore secondary to the letter shapes themselves, the instinct is to make them smaller than the letters to keep them discreet and unobtrusive. After all, we want the letters to stand out most of all. So why would we make the flourishes as big as the letters? Well, flourishes when they're proportionally too small, they have the opposite effect of being discrete. The eye tends to be drawn toward them, and they actually detract from the words themselves. They're distracting. Here's an example where the flourishes are too small. These loops and curves look completely out of proportion with the overall size of each letter. This uppercase letter is pretty large. But this flourish takes up, what, let's say, less than 25% of the height of the letter, more like 20% even. To me, this gives off the impression that these loops and curves were created with a scrunched hand that didn't have much movement going when the flourishes were created, but sort of added the flourishes by rote with the sensation should add a curve here, but I'm not really sure what to do with it, so I'll just stick in a roundish loop. You really want flourishes to take up real estate. Remember how we talked about all that negative space? Look at how much negative space is lost here. So many places with opportunities to flourish. How can we make that better? Well, here's one way that I created an alternate solution. These two have the same base letter form. You can see that I used much different opportunities for flourishing, and I really did my best to exaggerate these flourishes so that they were not too big, but just simply proportional to the letters themselves. This fills up all that negative space a lot more. It really gives more of a sense of forward movement and sort of upward movement, which is much more satisfying to the eye. Also, the open spaces left by the flourishes really complements the open spaces left in the letter forms. Here in the workbook, I give you the opportunity to trace that same design that I created above so that you can sort of get a sense with your hand of the size of movement and the amount of distance your hand really has to travel to make flourishes of this size. But then I'm giving you, just like on the previous page, the opportunity to play with adding flourishes of your own. And then you can just come over and create a more polished design by tracing the combination of the template and your sketched flourishes. At the bottom of each of these pages, by the way, I have provided a caption that shows exactly what procreate brush I originally used to create this design. However, I would urge you to play around with different pens. There's absolutely no reason you have to use the exact lettering brush that I use, because each brush is going to give you a different style. With that said, I really do strongly recommend that you choose a real lettering brush or a brush optimized to lettering when you do this practice because procreate brush designers who design lettering brushes put a lot of thought into some very specific programming elements that involve, for example, pressure sensitivity, which is crucial to letter forms. The way that the flow and the tracking of the digital ink can follow the movement of your hand and get smoothed out and all of that. So not every art brush works well for lettering, especially for flourishes. So if you feel frustrated that you can't get smooth strokes, the first question I would ask myself is, am I using a brush, whether it's a procreate brush or a real analog marker or pen? Am I using one that is really optimized to flourishing or am I using an inadequate tool that is the reason I'm being hindered in my skills that maybe it's not me, maybe it's the tool. 5. Principle 4: Shape: Next up is shape, principle number four. This goes hand in hand with our first principle, intention in the sense that playing with the underlying shapes of flourishes, the actual shapes of the curves themselves and the loops, has a huge impact on the mood and impression that they convey. As a general rule, the more elliptical or oval shaped the flourishes are, the more formal the flourishing style becomes. Conversely, the more circular a flourished shape is, the more modern, playful, whimsical the style becomes. So I have here for you two traceable versions that show very elliptical shaped flourishes and circular, more round flourishes. I would love for you to be able to practice these both and get a sense of which one matches your personal aesthetic more. This is an example of where you can make a conscious change to your flourishing to suit your aesthetic one way or the other. Play with these and ask yourself, do I like this more playful style that comes with the more circular shapes or do I prefer this more formal traditional look that comes from making longer and more elliptical flourishes? Here is an exercise specifically for playing with drawing your own flourishes in either elliptical or circular shapes. So my initial example, and this is done with a monoline pen, I'll use my truest monoline from my monoline pen set. In this particular one, I use elliptical but almost circular flourishes. So you can trace over that if you'd like, but the real challenge here, I think, is going to be that I want you to play around with making truly circular shapes and making truly elliptical shapes. So these would be considered very circular, and these would be considered very elliptical. 6. Principle 5: Style: So on the subject of style, we have principal number five style. It only makes sense that the style of the letter forms themselves and the style of the flourishing should complement each other. I think this is probably a pretty obvious one, but in practice, it does deserve a little bit more explanation. Here we have an example of a pretty heavy lettering style. This was done with my flex pointed pen. So let's head over to that, actually. So this was done with my flex pointed pen that has a pretty wide range from thin to thick based on minimal pressure. So when you have a lettering style like this, this breaks the rule that lots of people have that flourishes should be sort of fine hairlines and just very elegant. If I were to flourish this word with very fine hairlines, the flourishes themselves would be weak, by contrast, right? You wouldn't get that same sensation that they're truly part of the letters, that they were created with the same tool, that they were created effortlessly and off the cuff by the designer. If your pressure on the letter form itself is to create thick strokes that are roughly that thick, then your flourishing should probably have some accents that are at least mostly that thick. Change up the flourishing shape if you want, but really making sure that that weight and that style consistency remains the same. Here we have very fine point calligraphy. Here I use my stiff pointed pen, so let's just switch over to that. All of this flourishing is that very fine, classic, formal, traditional hairline. You can even come over here and just trace the flourishes that I created. And just get a sense of how very little pressure on a calligraphy pen is required. You can, of course, also use a calligraphy marker for this, but I would use a fine point or stiff marker to achieve this because any very, very flexible or soft brush is going to make it a little bit too easy to get strokes that are much too thick. So this is a pressure sensitive brush, but it's just barely sensitive enough to create slight contrast between the fine hairlines and the thicker swells. So I want you to come in here and try to emulate the style of my base lettering in your flourishes. Maybe even instead of playing so much with their shape, kind of do something fun. Don't worry if it looks good or bad. But just practice making these big sweeping strokes using the same pressure or weight as you found in the letters. And lastly, I have a monoline example here. And with this, I used my truest monoline brush again. And, of course, with monoline, by its very definition, you have no option for weight. So this is almost like the trick question version because you actually have no option with any monoline pen to change the weight based on pressure. You'd actually have to adjust the size of the brush here or in analog writing, choose a different pen entirely. Still, this is to really drive home the fact that making sure that that consistency is complementary or matching is what's really going to create the effortless flow that flourishing relies upon. 7. Principle 6: Quantity: All right, next up is a very crucial one quantity. The key rule here is that you should employ flourishes thoughtfully and strategically. I very, very rarely flourish every single letter. In most words, that wouldn't even work because a word that has a descender letter like a Y right in the middle of it takes a little bit of talent and creativity to flourish that descender and still properly connect to whatever the next letter in the word is. So for the most part, at least for beginners, I would suggest don't flourish every letter. Find the areas once you draw your basic style, find the areas where flourishing would be possible. Remember that first exercise that we did? So locate those areas, locate your negative space, and choose just a couple. Do not go in here with the sense that, okay, now that I've identified these five, six places, I need to create six flourishes. That might actually reduce the legibility. So here I've shown you one common approach, which is that words that have an uppercase letter frequently make very flourished versions of the uppercase and leave the lowercase letters that follow very simple. Just adding this flourishing to the uppercase is already going to just start you off with a bang. It starts and sets a mood of fancy and flourished right from the beginning of the word. In fact, it can be so dramatic because it's a large, tall uppercase letter that it can carry this show. You don't really need, usually, to add flourishes in the rest of the word for someone to have the overall impression that the entire word is flourished. However, if you want to do a little something more, you could flourish your upper case and then choose one other spot. I chose this second Asender because I felt it did a good job of two birds with 1 stone. It filled in negative spaces on the top area by just flourishing one single letter. Now, here's an example where I've flourished literally every single letter. This happens to remain pretty legible, but I will tell you, it took me a few tries to make flourishes that were not so overlapped and so cumbersome that the word became almost buried by the flourishes that surrounded it. I think that, for example, flourishing, this E is completely unnecessary. Even if you create a flourished descender for the Y, as I've done here, it would have been completely appropriate for me to nix that flourish and just go straight into the E. It's unnecessary and, in fact, distracting to have put that initial entry stroke flourish into a letter that is in the middle of a word. Let's talk about some ways that you can flourish this. So again, these are the regions that I have to flourish, and taking into account this principle of quantity, I'm going to experiment with different combinations that I could use. So let's see what happens if I create a very minimal flourish to my uppercase letter. By contrast, you can see up here, this is a much more dramatic flourish. So we start with a minimal flourish there. What if we do essentially no flourish here, just a classic. What about this flourish on the L that fills up only this negative space. Now if we flourish the W, it could be very minimal, a little loop. So there we have one example. Now let's flourish this a lot more than before. Yeah. So we have that a lot more, and let's just do all out here with the decender. Now coming in, I'm going to do my suggestion from before of not flourishing the entry stroke to that E. This is a classic way to flourish L's. When you have a double L, you can make the first one, sort of encompass the second. So you can come into your L like this and then make your second L lower and sort of encompassed under what you might think of as an umbrella of the first. So let's try that style here, and let's not even loop the second one. So no flourishing whatsoever. Let's not even loop that. Let's keep this simple. Let's just see what happens if we don't flourish the O at all, either. No loops at all. And then on this W, let's do something to fill in a bit of this space because here on the left side, we come quite far to the left with our flourishing. So why don't we think about flourishing this word off to the right for a sense of balance? That's one option. Not a fan, I don't think. Although, yeah, it's really not bad if we come up like this. Yeah, that would be good. Now, let's polish that one up a little bit, trace it again just so that we have a sense of, you know, the entire word without a lot of sketches and overlapping. Now, you can see that because I'm moving my arm very loosely, I am not tracing exactly over my previous flourishes, because if I waste a lot of energy really trying to emulate or trace over the exact location of my previous flourishes, I'm going to find myself having a stiff arm, shaky strokes. Really, that loose effortlessness cannot be achieved if I'm working too hard to sort of track the exact location of the strokes I'm making. 8. Principle 7: Weight: Now let's talk a little bit more about weight itself. So let's say that you have a very more simple. This has some light flourishing to it, of course, but some very simple lettering like this that overall gives off the impression of being thin or light weight. So let me switch my pen here. I used my ribbon pen to create this, so I'll just move over to that. It's in my flat tip pens. And essentially, this is a brush that goes from thin to thick really nicely with both pressure and direction. I want you to look at how I added additional flourishes here, sort of extra decoration. So I took this same design, and down here, I decided to add additional flourishes. Oops. And the point of this exercise is about weight. So I think it'd be helpful if you came over to trace these and you really worked on getting the weight, the pressure that you exert on your pen to match mine and to match whatever lettering you are decorating. So again, you can come and trace my original design or you can trace over the letters themselves, really get a sense of the weight used to create the letters, and then challenge yourself to add some flourishing. So for example, one kind of fun way to add even more visual interest to a design is to add what I call these little highlights or movement accents to make the word really look like it's moving or, you know, shaking or dancing or something like that. I have here more examples for you of weight, in this case, thick. I use the exact same brush to create this thick lettering, by the way. But you have this thick lettering. The thinnest part of these letters is still relatively thick. In fact, it's probably just about as thick as that fine lettering that we saw before. So that's the thinnest part of this thick style. And the thickest part is quite dramatically thicker, right? So when you get a brush in here to really draw in extra decoration, do not hesitate to really push down and add drama. Remember how I was saying that I see a lot of calligraphers thinking that since flourishing is an accent, since it's an add on, it really needs to sort of fade into the background and not distract. Well, if I created a flourish to this K that was really small, like that. Even if the weight was sort of correct, we are not talking about a complimentary flourish here. Something about this looks much too small for the style. 9. Principle 8: Legibility: Alright, here's a super important one legibility. Take a look at the very top word that I have here. What does that say? What do you first see when you read it? I think some people would first see clean. Some people would first see lean, and others still might actually be back and forth between the two to the point they have no idea what it says. This is a common problem with flourishing. Because flourishing contains loops and because so many letters contain loops, you can find yourself almost creating letter like shapes with your flourishes. And that is something you have to strongly avoid. I'm not in a habit of telling people that one style of lettering is right and another is wrong. But the only two key principles that always have to remain with good lettering are you can read it because it is lettering, after all, and you like it. If you, the artists like it, and it's legible, then that is right. In this case, though, this is not legible. This particular flourish could read as a C, and so therefore, because it is at the same baseline and at roughly the same height as the lowercase letters because it has the same thickness in downstroke right there as the letters themselves, the eye could easily read another letter there. So, it doesn't pass the legibility test. Here are a few better ways that we could have entered into that word with a flourish that would not be distracting or mistaken as another letter. In these two, I've chosen to create a sense of forward movement and really move the letter Ls flourish to the right up into the right. In this first one, I just went with the very classic unflourished script L that starts down at the baseline and enters straight up into the asender loop. And here I have kept that same sense of a single entry loop. I've just raised it up higher, and I haven't given it any weight. So rather than this large thick baseline flourish, I've just raised it up and taken away the thickness. Now it's your turn. There are so, so, so many flourishes that you can do here that are going to be more legible. This can look like a lowercase E a lot of the time, but I do see it sometimes utilized like a flourish. And again, that just immediately becomes illegible. Is that an E or is that an L? Another common one is when the letter H gets flourished. I see sometimes people doing this for their H. For example, does that say hello or does that say bello? This is a very common way of writing a script H. I personally find that very hard to read, given that a very valid form of script B is this. So if you want to make a flourished H, I suggest keeping that second stroke, the second down stroke, pretty straight, not curving it in like this. But keep it pretty straight and make your flourish move out into the right rather than in and up, right? So that second part of the H would be like, this would be more legible, this much less legible. There are lots of examples, and as a general rule, I tell people when you're creating a final design, especially something very important like a logo or a tattoo, where there's not a lot of easy going back it becomes if it gets implemented, I suggest to people run this by a fresh set of eyes, a friend, a colleague, ask them, Can you read this? If there is any hesitation in that person, that means that other people will hesitate, too. If there's any question at all, I suggest to tweak it until nobody has any doubt. 10. Principle 9: Drills: So the next section of this free packet that I've given you provides a lot more targeted exercises. We've talked now a lot about different principles of what makes good flourishing successful. But drawing flourishes themselves is a daunting task, and that's going to start with movement in your arms. So I provided these drills here that are going to get your arm moving and build muscle memory for really common flourished shapes. I suggest using a pencil. You can even print this sheet with the PDF I give you and use a real pencil. Nothing better, honestly. I do this in my own doodles all the time. And just go over them. This is the speed I'm looking for. I'm not looking for you to carefully trace around each shape. No. The point is, with a loose shoulder, a loose elbow, a loose wrist, can I just quickly move around and create these basic shapes? That's what successful flourishing is going to require. So follow the arrows. In this case, for example, this is a clockwise movement. Here, I'm asking you to make the same shape in a counterclockwise movement. These are counter clockwise. I am not planting my hand on my screen and just using my fingers to create this shape. No, I'm moving my entire shoulder. In fact, I'm barely moving my wrist at all. Go through these. Do these as many times as you need. Do them in the morning when you sit down to practice. Just get these shapes in your hand. If you play an instrument like I grew up playing piano, practicing your scales was that way to work out your fingers, but while also learning sound combinations, this is the same thing here. You're going to be working out your arm, getting those basic flourished movements in there, while also learning how your arm needs to move, where the movement needs to come from, to create these successful flourished shapes. Hint it's your shoulders and a little bit your fingers. Then when you get into doing real letters, you're going to find that, um, that practicing that I did with the drills, that's coming in handy here because I don't even have to think anymore about how to move my arm. My arm just knows, I just embedded that in the brain of my arms. 11. Principle 10: Layouts: Next, I've given you three layouts to practice, which utilize different lettering styles, different types of pens as well. This is a traceable layout showing a monoline style, and you can see where I created the flourishes, and then I want you to create your own flourishes based on all the principles previously covered. So try different styles, try more elliptical, try more circular, try longer, try more minimal, do all of those things, and just really get a sense of what is possible. Here's layout exercise number two. This uses my almost monoline brush, which has an overall kind of modern monoline vibe to it without being strictly monoline. There is some contrast in stroke weight. So this is a slightly fancier flourishing, but still really modern because there's a lot of circular shapes in the flourishing. But there's also a lot of movement. I tried to make these feel like they really are moving in a lot of directions, you know, down up left, et cetera. So there's just like this sense of energy to this overall design. And the third layout is this much fancier, more formal one. This is maybe advanced level because I have here really fancy fancy, fancy flourishes. These can actually be helpful for you to trace maybe over and over because these are some of the more flourished shapes that you'll be able to find. There are a lot of glyphs here, and by that I mean, for example, this T and this H are a single glyph, meaning that they are inextricably linked, this T as well. So this one flourish connects this T with this H, with this T, as well. Here's another glyph. The flourish coming off the uppercase W turns into the Asender flourish of this K. 12. Bonus: Guidelines: The final set that I've given you the final section of this workbook are five different lettering guides of various angles, baselines, ascender heights, descender heights. Maybe you already have a set lettering style, and that's wonderful. But if you're playing around a lot with proportions and ratio and using grids is still really helpful. By the way, grids are not just for beginners. I use grids all the time. If you're in Procreate, throw a blank layer up above it and, you know, do a bunch of your practicing on here. I want you to be able to go through these and just use them to practice. If you're doing this on paper, print them out and put some tracing paper over them so that you can reuse the same gritted sheet over and over and over, or use a light box, for example, with a normal piece of paper over it. 13. Keep Learning…: Thank you so much for following along. My sincere hope is that this class has inspired you to get experimental with your flourishing and even try out Procreate if you haven't already. I invite you to share images of your process in the class project section. I know I love to see the many creative ways that my students interpret my lessons, and I believe that you love to see each other's work as well. If you do want to follow along with this Procreate packet, using the exact same brushes that I use, head over to this short link and purchase my ultimate lettering and calligraphy Procreate Kit. If you're interested in learning various other modern calligraphy styles, I offer a library of free downloads, where you can find dozens of printable and Procreate practice sheets. I call it Molly's lettering toolkit, and I've linked to it in the description of this class. I also encourage you to check out my other classes and my books as you continue learning. Thank you so much, and I hope to see you back here again for another lesson.