Beginner Crash Course for Adobe InDesign CC

1. Course Introduction: Hey guys, I'm Alfred. I'm a graphic designer, art director, and filmmaker here in Australia. I've worked in, but advertising and design agencies. And knowing how to use InDesign is an absolute necessity if you want to work in any of these fields. Has InDesign is an industry standard? This crash course is aimed at beginners, but I'll be guiding you through the ins and outs of indesign, handy tips and tricks, showing you a relevant resources and going over some example projects. Throughout the course, we'll also look at different types of layouts and cover some design principles. Hopefully, by the end of the course, you'll have a firm grasp of how to use InDesign. But feel free to re-watch any lessons and reach out if you have any questions. So if you're ready, let's get started. 2. Lesson 1 - Introduction: Hello and welcome to the beginning of Crash Course to InDesign, my aim in this course is to get you up to speed with using InDesign as quickly and as efficiently as possible. Now firstly, I'm using a 27 inch iMac, but you can follow along if you're using a PC or a laptop or MacBook, your screen might be a bit smaller, and the shortcut keys might be slightly different if you're on a PC, but we will address these throughout the course. Now before I open up InDesign, I just want to recommend that you change your mouse speed to the fastest. This is my own personal preference. And I've found that it's made me a much quicker and more efficient design, especially with using InDesign. It may take some time to get used to, but it's definitely worth it. So I'm just going to open up InDesign now, and this is the screen that you should get. So the first thing we need to do is make a new file. And you can just do that by going to this new file button here. Or you can go up to File and then New and then choose Document. Or the third option is to press on more presets, which I'll do now. You now have this screen and yours might look slightly different depending on where you are, in which country you are, you might have some different units. So if you're in the United States, you might have inches selected. But I'm just going to leave it as millimeters because I live in Australia and we use metric hill. And you don't have to worry about any of these at the moment. Let's just leave it on print and then hit Create. So now you should get this pop up, which will now go over in the next lesson. 3. Lesson 2 - Workspaces: Now that we've created a new document, Let's go over the interface. This is the working area, and as you can see, there's a page in the middle here. Let's just zoom out a little bit first by holding the Option key and using the scroll wheel on the mouse. As you can see, there's an area that sits outside of the page. This is known as the pasteboard. You can put anything you want in this area, like text, images, graphics, or shapes. It's basically just a holding area for those things. And let's just zoom back in. Just a quick tip. If you hold space bar, your cursor will change into my hand. If you click and drag, you can actually move the page around so you can view things this way. You're quite zoomed in, which is quite handy. Can also permanently select that by hitting this hand icon here, which does the same thing. Just a quick tip. If your screen doesn't look like this and things are hidden, then you might have accidentally press the Tab key. So just hit the tab key again and you bring those things back in. So this whole area is called a workspace. A workspace is made up of six main sections. The first one is this top section called the control panel. The control panel allows you to change different properties depending on what you have selected. So e.g. if I select this shape, I now have all these options available to me. So I can do things like rotate it, flip it at a drop shadow, which is a very ugly so I'll get rid of that. And the same with text, I can increase its size. Say change its color. Just underneath the control panel is the document tab. This shows the name of the document we're working on. At the moment. We only have one, but you can have as many documents along here as you want. It also says untitled at the moment because we haven't actually given it a name or saved the document. It also says at 80%, which just means that we currently viewing this at 80 per cent of its actual size. The left here we have the tools section, and on the right we have the panels. But we'll be going into more detail about these in another video. At the bottom here, we have the status bar, which shows how zoomed in or out we are. So let's just change this to 50%. We also have what page number we're on. And also if there's any issues or errors that pop up in the document. And finally, we have the menu bar on the top left here, with each tab having a number of different options and functions available. Just a quick note that if you see these double arrows, it just means that you can expand and collapse these sections. Also with these lines here. If you click and drag, you can actually undock these sections to move them around as you wish. If you'd like this new layout and you want to keep it, can actually save this as a new workspace. To do this, you go up to this drop down here and click on New Workspace. Let's call this Alfred and click Okay. Now you have a workspace called Alfred. But you can also choose one or the other presets to go back. Reset that. You can also access these up here on the window and workspace. If you need to delete a workspace that you've created, you can then just hit delete workspace. 4. Lesson 3 - Document Setup: Depending on whether your project is for print or digital, when you set up your document, there will be some differences. So let's now create a new file. And under any of these three, print, web or mobile, you can click on view all presets to view all the available options. You can also choose a template to start with, but you need to actually download this first in order to use it. They are free and come with the Adobe subscription. So on the right-hand side here is where all your parameters live. And let me just expand this out so we can see everything. So here you can choose to name your document now, or you can do this at a later time. You can also change the dimensions and the units and also the orientation. You'll also can change the number of pages, your columns, margins, and also the bleed. But let's first go over what some of these things actually are. The first one is margins. This is the pink outline that sits inside of a page and can be changed to whatever dimensions you need. Margins are there to organize and help structure your design and to keep elements within them. But you're free to work outside of them to, if needed. They're just there to work as a guide for you. Next, we have the bleed. This is the red outline that sits outside of a page. And it's only important if you have elements like texts and images that go to the edge of the page, just make sure to move or resize these elements to sit inside of the bleed area. This is because anything that needs to be printed to the edges needs to extend out and be larger than the size you're printing out. So when you print out and cut the slides off, you get the correct size. This is because printers are unable to actually print it to the very edges of the page, but will instead print at a reduced size, which also leaves a border. So in order to get the correct size, you actually need to print on a larger sized paper. Now that we've briefly covered some of those topics, Let's now create a new file. And let's just hit Create without changing any of the other parameters. Now I'm gonna go up to file and documents setup. And the shortcut for that is option command P. And this is similar to the setup we had before, but it's just an easier way to show what's actually happening on the page. So just make sure that your preview is checked so that we can see. But what's happening as well. So here you can change the type of document that you want to work on. Let's just go back to print and use a four again. So the margins, as we've already covered, you can change those. And right now they're all linked together. So if you click on this chain icon, you can unlink them and adjust the edges independently of each other. Like so. We've also covered bleed. So let's just put in 3 mm which is very standard. And the slug isn't something that we need to worry about. It's something more for commercial printers to put extra information that's outside of the bleed. Now in terms of the pages, we can type in, the number we want to. Let's actually just zoom out first. Let's go down here and type in 25%. And let's bring the document setup window backup. And now let's add some more pages. So let's type in five and press Tab adding. We can also use the up and down arrow keys to add pages as well. If we now also click on Facing pages, it will create pages that are side-by-side to form spreads for us. So these are some of the things that you can do with the pages. Now, when we first set up a new document, you can set the number of columns in here. So let's change this to three and press Create. So now we have a page with three columns. And if I add in more pages, all of them will have three columns as well. Let's just create a new document now, and let's this time, go back to one and press Create. So if I bring up the document setup window, if you take a look, you can see that there is actually no options here to create columns. So how do we add in columns then? Well, we can do so by going to layout and choosing margins and columns. So here we have the options to add in columns, but also to change the margins. So let's change the margins here to 40. And let's bring in five columns. And here we can also change the gutter, which is the spacing in-between columns. So let's make it three and press. Okay. Now if we add more pages and we take a look, you can see that there's no columns being added to these pages. So what we've done here is actually we've only just applied the margins and columns to this particular page. Because these pages are actually controlled by the master controls of the documents setup window. So if I change these margins to say 40, you can see that it's applied it to these ones and not to this one. So if we do want to change all of these ones as well, then we first have to go over here and select all of these, and then go to Margins and Columns and change them this way. So just be wary that when you first create a new document, if you know, you'll be working with columns. It's best to set it up over here. But you can also apply it after the fact by going up to Layout Margins and Columns. Now that we've covered the Margins and Columns, just know that these only appear as guides and will not appear when you actually go to print it out. Now let's get back to the margins and columns, and let's just reset this back to 15.1. Now, there's another way to create columns and rows, and that's by going up to layout and create guides. So now you can actually create rows and columns. So let's add in 5.5, and these actually show up as blue lines. Now, you can also choose to fit these to the entire page or only to the pathogens. So let's press. Okay. So the difference here is that you can actually select these blue lines and move them around if you wish. So it gives you a bit more flexibility if that's what you need. But obviously, you can accidentally press these. So what you can do is select certain lines that you want. And if you right-click, you can press on lock. And that will lock those particular guides. So you can't actually move them. Say a has a locked symbol that appears to those ones. If you want to lock all of the guides at the same time, you can do so by right-clicking, selecting, right-clicking, and go lock guides. Or you can also do that by going up to View Grids and Guides and lock guides, and that will lock all of them at the same time. Now if you need to delete these guides or unlock them, again, you can just go up to View Grids and Guides and other choose Delete or guides on spread or uncheck the lock guides, which will now unlock all of these. 5. Lesson 4 - Panels: Alright, so now let's take a quick look at panels. Panels sit on the right-hand side here. And as we've shown before, you can expand them, you can collapse them, and you can resize them to just have their icon showing. Let's drag this out to on docket and let's actually close this to hide it. So all these panels live under window. So from articles all the way down to utilities, these are all panels except for control and tools, which are actually this control panel along here and the tools. So let's actually click these to hide these. Now the panels with these arrows here mean that they are groupings of related panels. So you can hover over it and choose any of these extra options. So let's actually choose a couple layers. Info and struck. So once you've pressed on any of these panels, their respective boxes appear. And you can actually drag them into and merge them into the bigger group. And you can actually click and drag on any of these panels to rearrange their order. Can also just click and drag them back out to undock them. Or you can actually drag and Dr. them on the bottom of the main group to create a division of another group. So now I can grab any of these panels and bring it into this group if I want. And you can continue to do that. Now, if you click on any of these, these also appear as tabs that go horizontally. These are basically just the same panels, but you can select on this, this way as well. Now, there's actually a lot of different panels here, and each one has its own unique set of properties. Not expected to know what all of these are, but we will be going through them throughout the course. But just know that this is where the panels live. 6. Lesson 5 - Tools: Tools are extremely useful and you'll be needing to use them a lot. So let's first bring back the tools panel. And I'm just going to split it into two columns and also on docket. So you can select any tool by clicking on them. And if you hover over any of them, you can see that you can get the shortcut key. The little triangles here on the bottom right means that there's more options that you can choose from. So if you click and hold, you can see that there's some more options to choose from now. And some of these do not have shortcut keys assigned to them, so there's no letter. So this n here is for the pencil tool, but there's not assigned to these two. So the only way you can access these is by clicking and holding. This way. We'll be going through some of the most important and commonly used tools as some of the other ones aren't really used too often. The first two tools are the selection and direct selection tools. The shortcuts for them, or V. And a. The selection tool is used to select any single object or group of objects by dragging a box around the objects you wish to select. Clicking anywhere outside of the selected group or disliked or the objects. You can also choose to select objects by holding Shift and clicking on the objects you wish to select. You can also do the opposite while holding Shift and clicking on the objects you want to remove from the group. The direct selection tool also allows you to move single objects, but objects and textboxes all have what are then as anchor points. And these are the white little squares that you see here. If we go back to the selection tool, you'll see that there are also white squares, but they are larger. And if you hover over them and click and move them, you can see that they actually changed the entire shape. Whereas with the direct selection tool, you can select any of these individual points and actually move them or select multiple points and manipulate them this way. If you click on any of these anchor points and hold Shift, you can select multiple anchor points and manipulate it this way. That is the main difference between these two tools. So now let's take a look at the type tool, which is the T here, and its shortcut is T. So if you click and drag, you can create any size and shape textbooks. And you can start typing into it. Click. And then once you click and drag, you can select the text. And up here we can change any of the texts properties. So let's change it to a different font. And let's enlarge it. And all caps. You can also toggle between this character controls and paragraph controls, which gives you some other properties. That's also a centered this. Now that you're done, remember to click on the selection tool to get out of the type tool. You can now move these freely. Let's look at the fill and stroke now before we move on any further, they'll fill and the stroke which are these down here, deal specifically with applying color to any object or text. And there's a number of different ways that we can actually do this. Right now you can see that there's a red diagonal line that runs through both of these, which just means that there isn't any color applied to any of them. These are also located up here in the control panel. Now let's quickly open the color and Swatches panels. So to apply a color, you can do this by going to either the fill or stroke and double-clicking into it. So let's do that now, which opens up this color picker. So if you click and drag in this area now you can choose a color and also can choose a different shade by clicking and dragging the slider here. So let's click that. You can see that this has now applied a color to the fill. Let's now press on the stroke. And this pops up above the fill now, which just means that it's going to apply a color to the stroke. Instead of double-clicking into here. This time, we will go into the color panel and choose a color from down here. Let's choose this. You can also then manipulate the different colors by dragging the slide is here. I can also do this with the swatches, which I just previously saved. Colors by default when you open in design, they already have some colors for you to choose from. Let's choose red. Now let's apply some color to some texts. So let's create a textbox here and type in color. And I will select that and make it pink. So as you can see, now it's applied a color to the stroke, which isn't really what we wanted. So let's instead select that again and click on the fill and press pink and then go back to the stroke. And let's apply non to actually get rid of it, can also do that here. You can see that now it's gotten rid of the stroke. Now let's create a shape. Let's get a rectangle. And it now has a stroke and a fill. Now, if you want to actually swap these two around, you can do that by going to this icon here or using the shortcut key, which is Shift X, which we'll just swap those two things around. You can also do this to the text. However, the shortcut key won't actually work because it'll actually just type out the letter that you're using. So let's assign a yellow stroke. So to swap these around, you'd have to do this manually here with this icon. Now let's just delete these two and apply none to bow stroke and fill again. And let's create a new shape. You can see there's no color applied to this, so it kind of looks like it's invisible. If you want to quickly just apply some color to it, you can actually press the letter D. You can see here is the default fill and stroke. So if you do that, it'll just create a black stroke. And remember if you hit Shift and it will swap the stroke and fill around. So now you have a black box. And this is just a quick way to apply some form of color to the shape that you've just made so that you can actually see it better. So let's take a look at the line tool now, which is this one here. So as I previously mentioned, objects and shapes are made up of anchor points. And a line is also made up of anchor points, but just to. So if we click on anywhere in the page and drag, we can create a preview of what the line will look like. But as you can see, it's actually invisible right now. That's because there's no color applied to this. So let's go to the fill and go down here to apply color. And nothing has happened. That's because a line is actually a stroke. So we just need a swap these around to the stroke. And you can see now that we have a green line. And if we select this with the selection tool, we can move this around and change this somewhat. But if we really want to change the anchor points, then going to the direct selection tool and clicking on the two anchor points, we can manipulate it this way. The pen tool allows you to create custom lines and shapes by adding multiple linked anchor points. So if you remember with the line tool, it only allows you to create two anchor points. With the pen tool, you can create as many connected anchor points as you like. And right now Let's say stroke. But if you want to change this into an actual connected shape, you just hover over the original anchor point and a little circle appears and you click that and now say connected shape. For whatever reason, if you accidentally clicked outside of your shape before you have actually closed the shape. Like here. What you can do is with your pen tool, you can click on either of these anchor points and just close it up that way. Underneath the ventral is the add and delete anchor points. And these allow you to add extra points, two shapes that you've already created. So as you can see, we have now added a couple of extra points. And also with the delete, you can then delete the points you want. You can do the exact same thing with just the Pen tool selected by hovering over the anchor points, you see a little minus appears, or a plus where there isn't any anchor points. You can add extra points. Just make sure that you're actually press on the line. Because as you can see here, only one was added, but there was a new anchor point that's now by itself. So let's just delete that and re-add an anchor point. There. The exact same thing can get a little bit finicky. So let's try this again. Okay. Now, if you want to create a shape with curves, so curved lines like this instead of straight ones. The way to do that is to actually click and drag before releasing anything to create these curved lines. Now as you can see, these handles appear. These curved lines are called Bezier curves. And these handles allow you to manipulate the shape artifact with the direct selection tool. If we click on this, I can see this handle appears and you can then manipulate it as you wish. If you hold down the option key while you change the handle, it only manipulates the one side of the handle that you have. At the very bottom we have the Convert Direction Point tool. And what this does is it allows you to change curved Anchor Points into straight ones. Just click on an anchor point that has curves. It will change it back to a straight one. And likewise, if you want to change these straight anchor points into curved ones, you can also do that by clicking and dragging left or right, up or down to create them. Like if you hold Shift while doing that, it snaps, it doesn't allow you to freely move around like that. So let's do that. Next to the Pen tool is the pencil tool. The pencil tool is kind of similar to the pen tool, except that it acts more like an actual pencil in real life and allows you to draw very freely and organically. So as you can see, it's just adding a bunch of anchor points as you draw. And you can see the lines aren't very straight and quite wobbly. And if we now want to go to the pen tool and make this into an actual shape. Remember if you click on either of these anchor points, you can do that. And you can just hover over the other one to connect it. Or you can add in extra points first, let's create an M. Now, there's this M shape. So this is some of the stuff you can do with the pen and the pencil tool. Now let's take a look at the frame tools and the shape tools. So I don't really use the frame tool or that often they act as a placeholder basically. So you can place an image into it. You can turn it into a colored rectangle. Or if you press the type tool and click into it, it becomes a textbox. But because we already have a type tool and the shapes tool, it's not really all that necessary to create a shape. You can click any of these three shapes and then click and drag anywhere on the page to see a preview of what it will look like. If you want to turn this rectangle into a square, you can do that by holding Shift and drag. If you hold Shift Option and drag, it actually does this from the very center. So let's try this with the ellipse tool. Now, if I hold Shift and Option, and the same with the polygon tool Shift Option. Let's delete that. There is another way you can create shapes, and that's by just clicking anywhere on the page once. And a dialog box will come up where you can put it into dimensions you would want. With the polygon tool. In particular, if you do this, you can actually change the number of sides. So let's change this to ten and see what happens. So you can see that it's created this ten sided polygon. Additionally, if we do that again, we have the option of creating a star. So let's put ten per cent in and see what happens. You can see it's created this interesting kind of shape. Let's try this one more time, but change this to 50 per cent. And let's just change this to 5%, five sides. And you can see now that it's created a much more traditional looking star. Now, if you want to create more of these shapes at the same time, which can do is again, create your shape. And then using the up, down, left, and right arrow keys, you can add or subtract more of these shapes. I'm just going to hold Shift and release. Now you have a bunch of squares. So the next tool is the scissors tool. What this does is it allows you to disconnect shapes or lines that you have. So it creates a point. So e.g. I'm going to put a point right in the middle here. Now, if I select this, it's, you realize it's actually two shapes. And I can do the same thing with this star here. I put a point here. I put a point here. And then I'll go to my direct selection tool. Click on this and move it. You can see now that it has been divided into its own shape. How this is useful if you want to do interesting things like this, e.g. next to that is the rotate tool. And as you can imagine, whatever you have selected, you can use it to rotate by clicking and dragging. You can also do the same thing, just the normal selection tool and go into the corners and rotating this way. So it's really up to you which one you prefer. And that is the gradient swatch and gradient feather tool. But we'll be going over these in a future lesson. The last tool that we'll cover is the Eyedropper tool, which might actually be hidden underneath the color theme tool here. So the other dropper tool shortcut is I. The eyedropper tool allows you to sample the properties or attributes of one thing and apply it to something else. And there's actually two ways of doing this. So firstly, without selecting any objects, if you use the eyedropper to sample, say this triangle, it will now load the color green. So if you click on any of the other objects, it will then apply that color. Let's just undo that. The other way is to first select your object and then sample something else. Now, if you look at the eyedropper icon, you can see that it's actually empty at the moment. Once you click on something, it actually flips it and loads whatever that attribute is. If you sample something and then you want to choose another color. You can do this by actually just pressing the eye again to refresh it. Now we've just done this with fill colors, can also do this between strokes. However, if you try to do this with strokes and fills, it actually changes the properties of it as well. So now you have a square with strokes in that color. You can also do this with strikes to Phil's. However, you actually need more than one edge for that to happen. So if I now I drop this fill, it'll change it to a fill. Although at the moment it's a, it's an open shape. You can also do this between different fonts and also with fonts and colors. So let's say I want to change just this two to this style. Now you can't actually use the shortcut key with textboxes because if you try to do that, I press I, it actually just types out. So you have to press on the icon. And you can just click anywhere and it'll change it. And likewise with color, just make sure that you actually select the text and not the text box. Because if you do that, it'll actually just apply to the text box. Now there's one important thing that I need to address. These two circles look identical, but there's one thing that's different about them. So if I sample this first one, can see that it applies normally. But if I then sample this one, this happens. So why is that? Well, that's because there's something called corner options. And those are located up here under this drop-down. So any shape or text box, you can actually change the corners to something like that or something like that. And you can adjust how much of that corner looks by changing these millimeters. Let me actually make this bigger. Drag it over here. You can see that it changes. And let's change the inset. This won't actually work on circles because they don't actually have any corners. If you also Option click on this icon here, it will open up a dialogue box with more options so you can fine-tune your corners more so. And you can adjust just individual corners or relink all of them. And then you can adjust all of them. Also, with rectangles, squares or textboxes only can actually change the corner properties by just hitting this yellow box here. And then these yellow diamonds appear on the corners. And if you click and drag, it actually changes what they look like. Let's apply a color to that so you can see it. Click on that. And again on this square here. If you only want to adjust one of these corners, you can hold down, Shift and drag, and it will only adjust. That corner. Is our only available on rectangles, squares, or textboxes. So now that we've looked at some of the tools, Let's move on to the next lesson. 7. Lesson 6 - Colours: When it comes to color, there's two main groups you need to know about, and those are RGB and CMYK. Rgb stands for red, green, and blue. Rgb is used for anything that's digital. Monitors, TVs, mobiles, tablets, projectors, and so on. Because all of these things require light to produce an image. Cmyk stands for cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. But it is also known as key. Cmyk is used for printing and it uses physical inks instead of light and mixes different percentages of these inks to create the final image. These two sets of colors, when overlapped on top of each other, will allow for other colors to be created, as you can see here. And they actually create the inverse colors of each other as well. The reason why an extra black is needed in printing is because when you combine cyan, magenta and yellow together and printed, the blacks actually come out as dark gray and not as a true black. Rgb, on the other hand, does not require any black, because if you turn off RGB, there is only black. So it's very important to remember these two colored groups and to use the right one depending on the project you're working on. Now that we've looked at the two color groups, Let's create a new document by hitting Command and N. And let's this time select Web. And let's go with the default, 800 by 600 pixels. Remember, because we're working in a digital space and not printing anything, we don't need to apply any bleed. So let's hit Create. Now we have two documents open, and let's just go back to the first one and bring up the document setup page. Remember the intent for this was print. And if we go back to the new one, you can see that the intent is for web. Now, by default, this determines the color space for this document. So this one is RGB and this one is CMYK. But how do we know this for sure? Well, you can actually check this by going to Edit and transparency blend space. And as you can see, this is under documents CMYK at the moment as it's checked. So if you want to change the color space, you just press that. Now it's checked. If we go to this one, can also see that it is in RGB. That's how you change the color space. Now let's bring up the color panel. And as you can see on the color there is color gradients and swatches. And all these have to do with color. With panels, not just these ones, but all panels. There's a little flat menu here on the top right, which if you press on, it gives you more options to choose from. So with color, you can actually choose a different color gamut. So let's choose CMYK. And if you remember, CMYK uses different percentages of x. So that's what these values represent. Choosing a color from here, it doesn't actually affect the document color space because we're still working in RGB. It's just that you can choose colors from here. If you want. Switching back to RGB will give you the closest equivalent color. So what do we mean by the closest? Well, if we take a look at this image, we can see that everything inside of this circle is what the human eye can see. When you get to RGB, which is everything inside of this white line, you're still getting a lot of colors. But once you get to CMYK, it's drastically reduced. So if you're working in a document that's using an RGB color space, then it's better to select colors from RGB rather than CMYK and vice versa. You can see here that these RGB sliders gives you values 0-255. So if we multiply two by 255, by 255, we get over 16.5 million colors. Cmyk is just not able to produce as many. If we just go back to the first document, which is using a CMYK color space and pick a color, and then switch to RGB and start picking colors. We can see that there's this little warning sign that shows up. This is telling us that these colors are out of gamut and that they can't actually produce these. If you click on this, it'll actually change the values to something that it can produce. So that's why it's really important to use the correct colors depending on your color space. And next up, let's have a look at swatches. Let's open the swatches panel. Let's actually undock this and move this over here. So swatches are. Colors are the RGB or CMYK that you can save and have on hand. So you don't have to recreate them every time you need a color. These colors here, which is RGB and CMYK. These appear automatically every time you create a new document. Let's actually just get rid of these. Let's click on the first one, hold Shift and click on the last one to select them all. Then hit this trash can icon to delete all of them. These ones here with a cross through them, mean that you can't edit or delete them. So there's a number of ways to create a new swatch. You can double-click into the fill. You can then choose your color and hit add CMYK swatch. You can also right-click and add to swatches. You can also do this in the color panel. Right-click and add to swatches. We can even click and drag on the colored square into the panel. As you can see, we've just created a number of copies of the same swatch. So let's just delete these last three. And the last way is to go to this trap drop-down menu and go to new color swatch, which will open up this window. So here you can actually adjust the sliders to create a new color. You can change the color mode. There's a lot of different options, but you will mainly be dealing with CMYK or RGB. You can also change the color type from process to spot. But what is really more of a special type of printing, so you can just leave it on process. You can also rename the swatch to whatever you like. Right now it's using the CMYK color values. If we change it to RGB, it'll be, it'll use that. If you uncheck this, you can actually rename it. So let's name this red and click Add. And let's create one more color and make this green. And let's click Okay to exit out and create the swatch. If you want to edit any of these swatches, you can actually double-click into it. So let's do that now. Let's actually make this a blue. And also rename this to blue. As you have a look over here, you can actually see these icons that are RGB or CMYK. And that's how you know, what color is, what color space is assigned to these swatches. So you can actually have both of these regardless of what color space you're using. But just remember that it's actually good practice to use the right color space depending on your document. Not cause any confusion or any printing issues. When you go to print. Just a quick note about the registration and papers swatches. Registration is generally only used to create what's known as registration marks, which we'll talk about in a later lesson, but it's not the same as black. If we select black and go to CMYK, you can see that it's using 100% of the black ink. Now you can increase these other inks to raise the level of blackness when printed out. But just remember that too much ink is not good and would become too wet and create a lot of issues. Registration does use all of the inks at 100%. So that creates a four times the amount of ink of just regular black. So make sure that you're using black or something just a little bit above it. But not registration. The paper swatch, by default, x as white as PEP, people generally print on white paper. But you can change this to something else. Just be aware that by doing this, it's not actually joined to print out in this color. It's just used to show you a preview of what it might look like if you were planning to print on that toilet paper. Before we move onto gradients, Let's just change this color space back to CMYK. And let's also change these swatches to CMYK. If you want to change more than one at the same time to select the ones you want. And then either double-click or right-click and go Swatch Options. Now let's open the gradient panel and make sure we actually undock it. And just like with the color panel, you can press this square here to select it. Or you can go over here and press this as well to apply the gradient. By default, only white and black is applied to the gradient, which is represented by these little swatches. And you can also click and drag to move them around along the slider. So let's just create a rectangle first so that we can actually see what's happening. So you can tell that this looks pretty much identical to what's happening here. If you press reverse, it will flip it. If you change the type to radial, it will create this circular gradient. Let's just change this back to linear for now. In order to change the colors or add colors. You can do this by dragging swatches onto the slider here. You can also do this in the color panel. To delete any of these swatches. Or you have to do is click and drag downwards. Click and drag downwards. When you only have two swatches left though, you can't actually delete these. It needs a minimum of two. And if you then want to save this as a swatch, you can do that by right-clicking at just watches or over here at the swatches. So the Gradient Swatch tool is used in conjunction with the gradient panel. And how it works is if you click and drag over the gradient or even anywhere out here, it will affect how it looks. And depending on how short or how wide you drag will affect its gradation. So you can end up with some pretty funky effects. If that's what you're after. These top little diamond shapes also affect the gradation. Let's create one more shape and apply this gradient. And so these are gradients. Another thing I want to mention our color hexadecimal codes, also known as hex codes. And these are a combination of six numbers and letters that make up different colors. So if I open up the color picker here and come down here, you can see that this is the hex code. It's made up of six numbers and letters. And it usually has a hash in front of this to represent that it's a hex code. So if I click and drag now you can see that the values are changing like this. So usually it will have numbers and letters. Or if it's pure white, that it might only have letters like this. Or if it's pure black, might just have, it will have just zeros there. So hex codes are mostly relevant to RGB only. So if I come over here to the color panel and I have CMYK now, you can see that there is no hex value available or showing if I change this to RGB, you can see now we have the hex value down here. And I can come in here and select this and copy it if I need to. Hex values are really useful because you can just copy the whole value. So if I, again open the color picker, I can just select all this and then copy it. So instead of having to write down or memorize the RGB individual color values, I can just copy this one value. And then I can do something like select this text and change the color. So if I just now come into here and paste that original value, can do it like this. And you can obviously do it with shapes as well. And so hex codes are really handy and sometimes you will get this value from clients or from a style guide. The last resource that I want to mention is Adobe color. So this website is great for helping you select colors for your design, or just to play around with different color combinations. So this is your color wheel. And this is where you can click and drag on any of these circles to change any of the color combinations. And down here we have all of the hex codes and RGB values for all of these colors. And over here we have the different color combination types. And these are based on color theory. So these are regarded as colors that go well together. So if I e.g. select complimentary, which are colors on the opposite sides on the color wheel to each other. So we have a good termination here is blue and yellow as a color palette. And what's great about Adobe Color is that you can then, once you have your color palette, you can go ahead and save your palette to your Adobe library. So you can see the color palette here. And if you just go save, it hasn't now saved. So if we then go back to the InDesign document here and come up to Window and then open the CC Libraries panel. You can see that this color palette has now saved into your library here. If I wanted to first rename this, I can just right-click and go to Rename. And let's call this complimentary colors. Then I can just right-click and then go Add theme to swatches. And now you see that we have these swatches available to us to use in our InDesign. Adobe Color is a great resource to use. 8. Lesson 7 - Pages: Let's talk about pages and how they work. So let's open up the pages panel by going to window pages. And let's just dock this into the panels area. Now as you can see, we have one page here. If you want to add more pages, just go down here to create new page, to create extra pages. You can also do this under Layout pages and add page. And the shortcut key for that is Shift Command P. Right now we have a single pages. If we want to change this to spreads and just bring up the document setup window and click facing pages, which as you can see now, we'll change it to facing pages. If you want to delete any pages or you have to do is select your page and hit the trash can icon. If you want to delete more than one page, then just click and hold Shift and then click on more pages. You can also drag all of these into the trash can to delete them as well. So let's actually add some pages back in now. And if we take a look at this layout, we can see that there's a page on the top and the page on the bottom by themselves, and then not side-by-side. This is so that you don't get confused and you know for sure that this is the front page and this is the back page. Because if you're going to be printing a book or anything that requires printing on both sides. It needs an even number of pages because a page consists of two sides. So here we have a single piece of paper with a front side and a backside, which makes two pages. Now if we change this to spreads and create a fold, we get 1234 pages. And so that's why you need an even number of pages. So I've just gone ahead and placed images on each of these pages now, as you can see. And this one has a nice image that goes over two pages, so it's forming a spread. If we look at the pages panel now, you can see that these thumbnails which actually show what's on the pages, and we can actually enlarge these. Let's just go to the flyout menu and the panel options, and then change the size to, let's go extra large. Now, if you would like to rearrange the order of any of these pages, we have to do is click and then drag somewhere else. You can see that a vertical line appears and this will just tells you where it's going to reorder things. I like psi. You can also do this with spreads, but just make sure you select both pages by holding Shift and then tracking it like so. Now if you want to duplicate any of these pages, all spreads, or you have to do is select it, right-click and go duplicate spread. You can also do this with this drop-down menu here, duplicate spread. A much quicker way of doing this is by holding Option and then dragging and a little plus icon will appear. So this is a much more efficient way to do that. Now, right now, it's only letting us rearrange the order of the pages. If you want to actually bought up and connect these to create spreads, you first have to actually go here and uncheck, Allow Document Pages to shuffle. But once you've done that, now you can actually connect this to another page to form a spread. As you can see. And let's just do this again. And you can see a little arrow shows up. Let's just will push the page to the left or right as well. And we can also create multiple page spreads this way as well. There's a couple of extra nifty things you can do with pages as well. So instead of going into the documents setup window to change the size of a page, you can actually go over here to the tools and go to Page tool. So now we have some site and corner handles that if you click on it and drag, it actually changes the size. But as you can see, it's actually snapping and just reverting back to the original size. So in order to actually lock and confirm the new size yet to hold down option and then drag. As you can see here. However, doing this actually overrides the size of the documents setup size. So if I change this to 500, can see that it doesn't actually change the page. You can then just go back into the page tool again to change it. Or you can choose from a drop-down menu here. Like here. You can also change sizes in the pages panel by going down here and choosing one of these presets. Or you can choose a custom dimension as well. So let's change this to 500 by 150 and just call this thin strip. Click. Okay, and I'm just going to press W to go into preview mode. You can also toggle this on and off over here. So normal. And this just allows you to preview things much more cleanly. I'm just going to click on this image and, and launch it as well. Like so. As you can see, we are able to create different size pages in the same document. So let's just say that we now want to create a landscape version of these, but also still keep these. So what we can do is create something that's called an alternate layout. And if we go to the drop-down menu here and go to create alternate layout, you can see that this dialog box appears. Here. You can change the dimensions. But right now it's already applied a landscape version for us of these. So let's just call this landscape version and click. Okay. So as you can see in the pages panel over here, it's created a landscape version next to the originals. And if we actually scroll down in the actual document, you'll see that it's added these pages in at the end. So what we can do now is we can go down here to this split layout view. We can also do that under Window, arrange split window. And this will just open up another window. That's the exact same document. And now you can see the portrait version and work on the landscape version if you need to rework it. Let's now also just open up a new file. And if we want to view both of these documents at the same time, we can also do this by going up to window arrange and then going tile vertically. Now you can see that we have both documents open and you can work in this way. And then if you want to just change it back to just one document, you can then go to Window, Arrange, then consolidate windows, and it will revert back with just these tabs here. 9. Lesson 8 - Parent Pages: Parent pages, also previously known as master pages. So these live up here above the normal pages. Let's just drag this down to give it a bit more room. So let's double-click into here to go into the parent page. And you can tell where in here because this is highlighted. And also down here it says a parent. So if we first right-click and go parent options, we can actually change the name and also the prefix. But let's just leave it as it is. So if you want to create more parent pages, you can just right-click and go duplicate parents spread. And that will just create an exact copy of the first parent. You can also do this with the drop-down menu and go to Duplicate. Or you can also create a completely new parent and name it something else, and also change the dimensions. So what exactly are parent pages for? Well, let's say we have a logo. Let's just create a circle and make this orange. And let's just pretend this is our logo, and let's just put it up in this corner here. Now, let's go back to the normal pages by clicking into it, and let's make some more pages. Now, if you wanted to add that orange logo on to all of these pages without having to do this one-by-one. That's when parent pages come in handy. If you take a look over here, you can see an a on all of these pages. And if you hover over it, you can see a parent applied. This means that all of these pages are referencing the apparent. But we put our logo on the D parent. So if you want to apply this D parent to these pages, what you can do is you can actually click and drag on top of the pages you want. And now you see it changes to a d. Now if you want to apply it to multiple pages or even all of them, just select the ones you want. And then if you right-click over here or on top of the page, or alternatively from this drop-down menu. And go to apply parent two pages. You can actually choose which parent to apply these pages too. Let's choose the parent. Now you can see that all of these pages have now applied that logo. So essentially, you can use any parent on any of these pages, and you can also choose none if you wish. Now, if I go back into d parent and let's say I add another shape and move this here. You can see now that this has also been reflected on these apply the pages. Let's open up the document setup window now, and let's change this back to facing pages. Let's also add some more pages, and let's uncheck this so that we can merge page one, Page six. Let's now go into the apparent and let's create some shapes. As you can see, this has been applied to all of the spreads now. Now, it's important to note that we can't actually select any of these. These have all been locked to the parent page. We can of course, create new items like you're on top, like this. But just know that we can't access these items. If you would like to unlock them. What you can do is hold Shift Command and click on it to unlock it. Now, they've been unlocked. If you want to unlock all of the items at the same time, just select the page or spread and right-click and go override or parent page items. Now, all the atoms have been unlocked. You can however, reset it by reapplying the parent page. Now this is locked again, which won't affect the items that you've put onto it separately. Let me show you an example of how this might be useful. So firstly, I'm going to select all of these spreads and Apply None. And now I'm going to go into the a parent and create a pink background over the spread like this. And I'm gonna do the same for B parent, but make it purple. And then C parent light blue. I'm also going to create a textbox and go to type, insert special character markers and current page number. This will automatically generate a page number for us. I'm just going to duplicate this by holding Option and Shift and dragging to the right. Now I'm going to hold shift to select both of these and then Command C to copy, paste it here. And also here. But I'm going to change this to white. And now I'm going to apply a parent to some of the pages. Let's go 1.2 comma. Let's do 5.6 K. Whoops, let's try that again. 1.2 comma 5.6. Let's make sure we actually choose one. You can see that it's applied it to, I wanted to end 5.6. Now let's do 3.4 and apply the parent. And then finally to 7.8 c parent. So you can see here that it's applied the correct page numbers to all the pages, but using different colors. So at each stage, I can actually say change 5.6 background color, but still retain the current page numbers. 10. Lesson 9 - External Files: Let's now have a look at how to bring in external files. So these are things like images, graphics, text documents, or PDFs. Now in terms of finding images to use, There's a couple of free stock image websites that you can use, like Pexels, Unsplash. So these are completely free to use. And all you need to do is click on an image and then free download. And we'll be using some of these images throughout the course. Now you can also find some websites for things like icons and vector-based graphics. And some of these are free, while others you need to pay for. Or you may need to actually credit the original creator in order to use them for free. And I'll be sure to leave a link in the course description to all of these. So I've just gone ahead and downloaded some of those images and graphics from some of those websites. Let me just drag in design over here so that we can actually see them on the desktop. So we've downloaded some jpegs and some PNGs. I've also got here a PDF, an RTF TXT file, and an Adobe Illustrator file as well. So in order to bring these into InDesign, what we can do is there's actually three ways that we can do this. The first one is by going to file, go to File and then Place. And this is just what they've decided to call it. The shortcut key for this is Command D. Let's just click on this. And let's now select one of the images so you can just double-click or press open. And you can see here that it's loaded this image into the cursor. So what we can do now is just press anywhere to bring it in. It's coming in really, really large. So let's just Control Z to undo that. What we can do is click and drag instead to bring it in at a desired size that we want. So let's just delete this and let's just go back to place again. And let's this time choose a few different images and open. Now you can see that it has a three in brackets. So this has downloaded those three files that we've selected. So we can do here is you can actually toggle through them as well by using the arrow keys like this. So you can now just click anywhere to bring these in. However, let's just undo that. You can also hold down command and shift, and this icon shows up. And if you then click, it'll bring in these images in a nice grid for you. Let's just controls that, that one more time. You can also click and drag. And before releasing, you can use your arrow keys to form your own grid as well by using up, down, left or right. And then releasing. It also brings in a nice grid. You can also bring these in by just dragging these from the desktop or a folder like so or multiples. And you can just do the exact same thing as before. And you can also bring in things like text files, illustrator files, and PDFs. Like say. The third method is to copy and paste things in from another program. So let's open this e.g. and let's just copy this passage. Let's create a textbox and then paste this in. Similarly, I can take a screenshot of something. So I'm just going to use the Mac shortcut screenshot, like so. And then Command V to paste it in. Now when it comes to these external files, when you place them in or drag them in, they automatically become linked files. So if you have a look at here, you can see a chain icon and that means that it's linked. Now if I Option and click this, it will automatically open up the links panel. And if I now take a look down here, you can see that it also shows me where the file is located. If I wanted to, I can also right-click and go to reveal in Finder. We'll open it up in the folder. So generally speaking, it's good practice to use links as much as possible. But there may be instances where you might have to use something called embedding. And embedding does not link any external files to the document, but instead, we'll have those files embedded into the document. So this is generally for things like screenshots. So if I take a screenshot of this and I paste it into here, so this screenshot is now embedded. Also, if I say open up this Illustrator file and I copy it and paste this in, it will bring this in as an embedded file as well. Like say. If I go to the links, can see that there's no inflammation showing up. However, if I bring in this same Illustrator file, drag it in this way and place it. You can see that this actually is a link. Just know that the more things that you have embedded, the larger the overall file size of the document will be. And also for whatever reason, if you need to then locate the original file, because it's not linked, you may not be able to find where it is if it has been moved somewhere else or it's been deleted. Now, you can actually also change the linked files into embedded files. So you can do that by going to the Links panel and using the drop-down and choosing embed link. As you can see now, the icon has disappeared. And also in the status it says embedded. Now, if anything about a linked file has changed, like its name or where it's located. Let's do that now let's change the name of this to just get rid of the S and call it pays planets. Once I've done that, you can see now a red question mark has appeared to warn us or to let us know that something has changed. And so what we can do here has it says missing. What we can do here is re-link it. So if you go to the Links panel and press on this icon, you can re-link. And now we can just go and find the renamed file and it will re-establish a link for you. So again, if I maybe delete, this time, it'll do the same thing. So now I can just go in here again. And then since it's now been deleted, it'll be in the trash, which I can access right now. But just know that it's if it has been moved to a different location, then you can just find it there. So now let's delete this embedded image and let's bring these six files in. Like so. Let's also create some more pages as well. And I'm just going to duplicate some of these images by holding Option and dragging them. So we have a look at the links panel now, you can see that all of these images have duplicates underneath them. So if we just collapse, these can see that this image now has two copies. And there is a number next to them as well. So these numbers tell you what page they're on. Page one. This one's on page three. If you actually click onto it, it will actually take you to this image. So this is very handy if you have a very large document with lots of pages or lots of files or duplicates. You can also select your file and go down here to go to Link. If you click that, that will also take you to that particular image as well. Now the other thing that we can do, and this is specifically for linked items that are made with an editing programs like Illustrator files or Photoshop files. If we click on it and then go to the Links panel and choose this edit original. It will actually open up the file in its original editing program. And then from there we can do things like change it and then saves it. And then if we go back to the file in InDesign, you can see that it's actually updated it for us. Sometimes when you have a linked file and you modify it outside of InDesign. So let's do this here with this image again. Let's select this middle bit and change it to that. And then let's Command S to save it and come back to InDesign. As we can see now we have these warning signs that show up in this linked file. So what we can do when this happens, and this is just telling us that this file has been modified outside. We can double-click on any of these duplicates. So let me just double-click on this one. And that has just updated this particular instance of this image. Now I can also come over here on this main one and press on update all instances. So if I click that, now, it will actually update all of them. And if you have lots of different files and some of them are all them have been changed or modified. Outside of InDesign, you will get these yellow warnings. And so all you have to do is double-click on them or press on that button to update all of them. Now let's have a look at the links infer column. So when I press on any of these files, we get some information here in the links info. If we just expand this out, we can also see here that we have these icons here on the top. And these are pretty much the same thing as these, but in a different format. Now, what we can do is we can actually add or delete some of these. And if we go up to this fly-out menu and then go to panel options, we now get these options to do that. So under this show columns, which are these sections here, and show in link info, which is the information here. So the ones that are checked at the moment are the ones that are showing up. So if I uncheck any of these or add some more and click Okay, then this will disappear. So if I click and add some more of these in, now, some of these have disappeared, and we have also had some extra columns show up. And you can also drag in-between these as well to expand it. This is just another way of viewing information quickly about a particular file. When placing in really large images, sometimes they can be too large and actually go outside of the pasteboard. In these cases, I like to use a handy trick to resize them down quickly. So I'm just going to bring in this image and just click once. And I'm just going to zoom out. And as you can see, this image is massive. It's going outside of the pasteboard so we can't even see it properly. So what I can do is I can come down to this corner, hold down Command and Shift, and then drag it in, and then zoom back in. And I could resize it down this way. But I just feel like this is one-to-many steps. So what I like to do is I actually like to come up to here. But the scaling percentage, so in either, either one of these are fine because they're currently linked. So let me just bring this in again. Let's do the same thing. And before I change this to ten per cent, I'm actually going to go up here to the reference selection point. And right now you can see that it's highlighted in the middle. I'm just going to press on this top left corner. You can actually choose any of these, but I'm just going to go top left corner. And what this is doing is it's actually referencing this top corner of this frame. So now if I move these XY coordinates, it will actually move the image based from this point. And the same with the height and width if I wanted to change the size, but we're going to change this now to ten per cent. And as you can see, it actually resized it into that same point. So if I did the same thing, but it changed it back to the middle. And let's just do 90 per cent of this image and press Enter. You can see it actually sized it down from the center. So this is a really handy way to resize these images if you're bringing in multiple images like this. So you can actually just select all of them, change this to the top-left or depending on where it's positioned, it might you might choose a different point, but I'm just going to go top-left and change this to ten per cent. So now all of these have sized down all at once. Now, this is mainly useful for items that aren't linked or aren't able to be paste placed in. Because if you bring these in, as you can remember, we can actually create a grid or we can actually just create a custom size to bring these in. These aren't really an issue. But if we were to do something like just copy and paste an image from unsplash here, I'm just going to right-click and copy and then command V to paste it. As you can see, we can only just paste it in and we can't load it into a cursor and bring it in at any size we want. So in this case, we can use this resizing trick to resize it down. And another good thing to know is that when we bring in multiple images like this, and let's do the grid again. You can see that the actual image frames don't match up with the actual image sizes. So what we can do here is let's just select all these. And we can go up to here this section and click on Fit frame to content. And the shortcut key for that is Command, Option and C. And it will actually then change the image, frame it to fit to the actual image. And this is a very handy tip to know n, one of my favorite shortcuts, if you ever find yourself needing more room on the pasteboard. So that's the area outside of the document around here to put more text or images. Or we're just like some more room to freely move around. You can do this by adjusting the pasteboard size. And to do this, you just go to InDesign and then Preferences, and then choosing general or using the shortcut Command K. And then now if you go down to Guides and pasteboard and select that down here, you can change the width and the height of the pasteboard. So I'm just going to change this to 250. And then also AT and press Okay, and now you can save that. The pasteboard has increased and there's a lot more room to play around with now. 11. Lesson 10 - Frames: In lesson five, we looked at the tools and I noted that the frame tool itself wasn't really necessary. However, when it comes to the actual frames. So specifically image frames and textboxes, both of these are contained within frames. And that's what we'll take a look at in this lesson. I'm just going to use the shortcut Command D to place an image. Now, I'll just choose this one. Now, if I hover over this image or even click and hover, you can see that some concentric circles appear in the center here, and there's a hand icon that appears. So if I click this, you can see these orange squares now. So before it was blue, and then once I click on it, it becomes orange. So this is actually selecting the actual image that lives inside of the frame. So if I now click and drag anywhere, you can see an outline of an orange outline. So this is actually being moved now with inside the frame. So you can only see part of the image now. And that's because all images must live inside of a frame. You can't try to take this out or try to copy and paste this out because it will just create another frame. Let me show you what I mean. I'm going to command X to cut it, and then Command V to paste it. You can see now it's just created the same image but inside of another frame. So just remember that all images live with inside a frame. And if I can move this, say over here. And if you remember earlier, we can actually refit this frame to fit to the size of the actual image by going up here to fit frame to content, or by using the shortcut Command Option and see. To do that. Now in terms of resizing images, if I click and drag any of these blue squares around, like so, you can see that it's only just adjusting the frame and not the actual image. So let me just undo that. So in order to resize the image and the frame as well, you can do that by holding down command and then clicking and dragging on any of these blue squares. But as you can see here, it's actually changing, stretching and changing the proportions of the image as well. And that's not what we want. So let me just undo that. So in order to change the proportions of the frame and the image at the same time, you have to hold down Command and Shift and then drag. And now you can see it's actually scaling proportionally together. So I'm just going to create some more shapes. Let's just quickly create different shapes. Now. I'm just going to make an ellipse here, hold down command and shift. And also make a star hold down Option and Shift to resize it from the center. And I'm also going to create a polygon. So let's get rid of the star and sets here. Now that I have my shapes, I'm going to now click and copy this by going Command C. Now to paste the image into any of these shapes. If I just select, if I just go Command V to paste it, It's not actually going to work. It's just going to create another copy with in another frame. So in order to paste into other shapes, you need to go to Edit and Paste into the shortcut key for that is Command, Option and v. So let's actually do that. So let's go Command Option V. So now you can see it's pasted into it. Let's do it for these shapes as well. And now we can see that it's actually pasted into it. Now, if you click on these now you can see that it has a blue frame and the blue squares. So we've actually pasted the frame as well as the image into these shapes. And you can do that, but I prefer to only bring in the image so it doesn't get confused because then it becomes a frame within a frame. Let me actually click on this and click on this end. Let's delete it. So let's get rid of the image inside of this frame. Now this time, let's instead of clicking in copying this whole frame, Let's just click on the concentric circles here to get the orange outline. Now let's go Command C to copy that. Let's select this again and go Command Option V to paste that in. So now if I click on this, you can see we only get the orange outline. I just prefer to do it this way. And again, you can resize this if it's too large or too small. Just make sure it's large enough to actually fit. The actual shape. Otherwise it'll cut off like we just saw there. And that's not what we want. So let's just size of that backup. Now if you remember, all objects and shapes made up of anchor points. So if we select any of these and go to the direct selection tool, the shortcut a. We can now click, click off and click on any of these to actually change the anchor points. So we can have different shapes like this or like this. And also remember that we can also use the pen tool to add extra points. Just make sure the plus symbol appears like so. And I'm just going to select this one and press P to get up the pen tool. And I'm just going to go to the direct selection tool again. You can add or take away anchor points to change the shape. And also, just as we have previously touched on, we can change the corner radiuses of any of these shapes, except for a circle, because circles don't have corners. So let's remove that one. And let's just click on this and drag this in. Let's actually change this to fancy. And we can also do something interesting. Here. Bevel it, insert. Just depending on how large the actual shape is, will determine how the corner radiuses interact when you change the sizing there. You can get some really interesting shapes and effects going on here. And even if we create our own interesting shape. And let's again copy, copy the image and paste it in. Now if we change the corners, we can see that it's created this really funky looking shape. Another really useful and interesting thing we can do is to create what are called compound paths. And they are just essentially these shapes but groups together. And then you can paste the image into those shapes. So let me just tell you what I mean. So if I select these two and go up to Object Path and compound path, if I click that, this will happen. So what's happened here is that now these two shapes are actually connected and act as one shape. But as you can see, it's not really working because we already had both of them with images inside them. So let me quickly undo that. And now they're being separated again. Let me just actually delete the images inside of these first. Now let's do the same thing again. Going to Object Paths, make a compound path. So again, it's grouped these two shapes together to act as one singular shape. So now if I copy this image and paste it into here, you can see that it's actually pasted this image into both of these shapes. So let me just resize this. It actually fits within that. So now you can see, you can do something really interesting like this. And it's acting as one shape. So this is just two different shapes put together. I can do this with multiple shapes. So let me just create like a grid. Now by selecting all of these, I can again create a compound shape to create one whole shape. And again, I'm just going to paste this in and resize the image. And so you can do something really interesting like that. Now, if you want to undo all of this, as in disconnect all of these shapes again, then you just have to go up to Object Path and go release compound path. And now it will release it, but obviously, but the image, it'll just put it into one of these shapes again. Just make sure if you want to do this, you first need to select the shapes you want with no images inside of them, and then paste the image you want into the compound shape. The other thing that uses frames as well, textboxes. So let's create a textbox and let's type in heading. So, so make this larger. And let's choose Gotham. Now, just like with images and shapes, a textbox is contained within this frame here. So if we click on this again, we can, just like with the other frames, we can change the corner radiuses. We can option click up here and change individual corners as well if we want to. Just reset that. And obviously we need to fill it with a color at the moment to actually see it properly. Or the stroke. We can increase the stroke width. Now as you can see, this is not really working too well and it's hyphenated. So when you make textboxes is just make sure that they're in a shape that works with the text as well. Because if you, let's say we use the direct selection and change the anchor points to something weird like this. It doesn't really work too well. In some cases, if you go too far, it actually hides the text as well. So just make sure that when you create a textbox is that they are shapes that work and allow the text to be seen as well. The other thing that is specific to only the text boxes is the text frame options. So if I go Command B, it'll bring up the Text Frame Options. And this just has some different properties that you can play around with that a only specific to the Text Frame Options. So if you have a shape or an image, you don't actually get these. So here you can create more columns like so. And also inset spacing. So I'm just going to change this back to one column. With inset spacing. What it does is it creates margins with inside of a text frame pads. It pets the outer edges inwards. So if I start changing this, you can see that it's pushing the text into the middle here. So it's only allowing this text to be contained within this region. Here, we also have justification. And so if we click on any of these other options, it will then adjust the text to change. So let me just click out of this and let's create a textbox now. And just do the same thing. I'm just going to copy this. Now I'm going to go Command V again to open up this. So as you can see here, with the inset spacing, we actually have the option to choose all of all of the left, right, top, and bottom options. So here, now we can uncheck this and can change only the sides, edges we want. Like say, if I just open this one back up. So the reason why these ones are hidden is because this particular shape has now been modified. So we modified the anchor points. So now it's no longer a basic shape text frame that we originally created. So just keep that in mind. And also as well, if you change to any one of these, other than none, it will also not allow you to change individual edges. If we change this back to none now and go Command V. And you can see these have come back. So that's one thing to be wary of. 12. Lesson 11 - Fonts: When it comes to fonts, I just want to make a quick distinction between fonts and typefaces. Font is really the umbrella term to talk about all the different typefaces. And so the typefaces are the individual names for the different fonts. So you can have things like Helvetica or aerial, Baskerville or Gotham. There's literally thousands upon thousands of typefaces out there. And under each typeface there could be a different amount of weight available. Some may only have one or two, but some have lots of different weights available. And this is just an example of one of them. But just know the different names for these three things. When it comes to installing and using fonts, There's a few different options. So you can have your system fonts, which are the fonts that are pre-installed on your computer. Whether that's a Mac or PC. There are fonts that you should already have on your system right now and are available to you. The second one, our Adobe fonts, and these are part of your Adobe subscription and are completely free. So let's actually just make a textbox first right now and type in example. I'm just going to make this 50. So to change this typeface, or you have to do is go up to this drop-down here. And these are all the different typefaces are the available to install or activated. And we can actually also access these up here on the type and font. And these are all your typefaces. So any, under any of these typefaces with the triangles, they will also show you the different weights that are available to them. So if we go back to this drop-down arrow and actually press on find more. This will take you to the list of Adobe fonts that you can actually activate. And to activate any of these is actually fairly simple. All you have to do is go over to this cloud icon where it says activate and click it. And then it will change to these arrows and it says activating. So just give it a few seconds and it will become a tick over a cloud. That means it's been activated. And to then deactivate it, you just click it again and it will do the same thing. Now, let's actually hover over and press on this icon here where it's more details. So what this will do is I'll actually take you to the Adobe Fonts website where you can view everything about this particular typeface acumen. So we actually have 90 different weights available for this typeface. And you can choose to activate individual weights. So just the ones you want or you can actually deactivates the ones that have already been activated. But if you want to just activate all of them than the easy way is just going up here and then pressing on all of these toggle switches. And as you can see here, it says that they have been activated. So if we now go back to InDesign and then go back into here, we can actually press on this icon here. Let's just give it a minute, which will toggle the Show Activated fonts. So all the fonts that have been activated from Adobe fonts will show up when you click on this filter. So here we have Acumen Pro, and we have these different weights here. We also have Acumen Pro Extra Condensed. Just one thing to note is that in terms of Adobe fonts, they only work within other Adobe programs. So InDesign, Illustrator, Photoshop artifacts. They cannot be used with any outside programs or be individually sent as font files to other people as well. So that's just something to be very mindful of when using Adobe fonts. That you can only really use it within its own ecosystem. So if it's working with other designers, then they have to be using another Adobe program as well. Another great source for getting fonts is from Google fonts. These are completely free to download and install and are really well produced and organized. And you also have lots and lots of different options. So once you're on the website, you can browse through the hundreds or thousands of different typefaces. And let's just click on one unbounded. And so here you can see the different whites that are available. And you can also then download the whole family and install it on your computer. There are also some free font websites that you can download from as well, such as. Font Squirrel and the font. And as you can see, there's lots of different categories and options to choose from. And they're all very unique and interesting. I typically like to use these sites specifically to find more unique typefaces, to use for headings or to find specific characters. But I personally don't like to use these free sites for the body copy, which is a term used for the paragraphs or sentences. The reason for this is because these free fonts are generally not as well created as paid fonts. And I also find that some of them are missing certain characters as well. So e.g. if I press on this low mAs typeface and then I choose cliffs. This shows us all the characters that come with downloading this typeface. And of course it has a to Zed and zero to nine and some other characters, but it's also missing a lot of other characters as well like square brackets, semi-colons, dollar sign, copyright, percentage signs, and so on. So it really well-made paid font will generally include all of the glyphs that you'll need. And that could actually include hundreds of glyphs, especially with all of the different weights available as well for that particular typeface. And that's why I would actually stick to using paid fonts or a job or Google Fonts, or even the system fonts that come with your computer when it comes to the body copy. So then when it comes to actual paid fonts, There's a number of reputable websites that you can find, and one of them is called My Fonts. And we also have a font shop. And with these ones, there are free fonts available as well, but you're generally going to be paying for different font families. So let's actually have a look at one now. And these are created from professional type designers or from type foundries. And so they work is much more reliable and professional and they have a lot more options that cover you. So here we can see we have the Latin and we have different symbols and icons. And for all of these different weights. And these costs might seem a bit expensive, especially over free ones. But to understand that these are professionally made with lots of different glyphs. And in some cases, it actually takes many years for type designers or type foundries to finish a whole family of typefaces. So it's really worth the money if you can afford to invest in it, or even just by certain weights that you need. One final resource that I would recommend is to use this website called word mark. And essentially if you type in a word or phrase into it, it will show you all the typefaces that you have currently available installed on your system. So this is just a quick in handy way to see what a particular word or sentence looks like. And obviously there are some limitations though, with this free account. So if you wanted to purchase the pro account, then you can do that as well. When it comes to choosing which typefaces to use in your document or design. The general rule is to use as few typefaces as possible. So 1-3 is the ideal amount in most cases. Because if you use too many typefaces in your document, your design starts to become too confusing and inconsistent looking. So I might use a typeface for just the heading and subheadings, and then another typeface for the body copy. And I may choose a third typeface for the page numbers or any information that's in a table. Remember that a lot of typefaces will have different weights available to you anyway. So say with Gotham here, if we go to the weights, you can see that we have all of these different weight options. And depending on which one you choose, they can look drastically different from one another. So you could technically just use one typeface and select different ways. If that works for your particular design. Then when it comes to actually selecting which two or three typefaces to use that go well together, I would recommend that you google the words, font pairings. And that will give you lots of results and information about which fonts go well together and why. And I'll just leave a link to this page that I've found, which is a guide and gives you 50 different Google font pairings. So you can just go through these and see which ones you actually like. Everyone's like to use. And remember that Google fonts are free. So this is a great resource for you. 13. Lesson 12 - Text Essentials Pt 1: In this lesson, we'll go over some important texts, properties, and terminology. So let's create a textbox. And I'm just going to bring in this Hamlet passage and paste this in. Now, if you have the selection tool selected, you have to double-click into this textbox first to start editing. If you have it on the Type tool, however, you can immediately start editing into it. Now, if we take a look at this text box, you can see this red box with a plus symbol. And this is telling us that there's actually more text that's currently hidden. So if we expand this textbox, that red box will disappear. We can also just double-click on any of these points too quickly reveal it this way. Another thing you can do is actually press on this red box and what it will do is it will load up the rest of this text into the cursor. So you can actually then press and place the rest of the text or create another size box. And this is great for creating multiple columns. Or if you actually want to put this on a new page as well, depending on how you want to design things. And if you have this loaded up into your cursor and want to cancel it, you just have to press Escape to get rid of that as well. Like so. Now another thing you can do is actually press on this box up here. I'll just move this down. So if you press on this box, it'll do the same thing. It will load it up, but instead it will push the text into this one. So it has the beginning text. And now if we have a look at these two text boxes, you can see this little symbol here and here as well. And this just means that these two textboxes are actually linked and has text overflowing into one another. So if I double enter into this text box, you can see that this textbox is affected as well. Now, if you have linked overflowing text boxes like this, Let's just say we make another one. Here. You want to keep track of all of these. What you can do is go up to View and then extras, and then press on show text threads. And now this just makes it much easier to keep track of which textbox is flowing into which one. When it comes to selecting text, you can click and drag to make your selection. If you would like to select everything all at once, then you can do so by going to Edit and select all or by using the shortcut command a. If you double-click, it will select a one word. If you triple-click, it will select the whole sentence. And if you click five times in a row, it will select everything. Next up we have kerning, tracking and letting. So what is kerning? Kerning is the space between individual letters. So you can make these closer or further apart from each other. And there's two ways to do this. So the first thing you need to do is click in-between the two letters that you want to adjust. And then you can go up to here with this VA symbol and then you can increase it or decrease the space in-between. You can also do this much quicker by holding down the option key and using the left and right arrow keys like this, which will also change the values up here. So let's just reset, reset this back to zero. And the reason why you might need to do this is because not all typefaces are the same. So sometimes the spacing between some letters are a bit off like this H here. And so I want to make this a bit Tyler between these two. So let me just do that. And especially with script-based typefaces like this one, if any of these letters are actually too far apart, then they look a bit weird because they're no longer connected script. So it just looks strange. So that's why kerning is important in some instances. So tracking is very similar to kerning, but it's changing the spacing between all the words or single word instead of individual letters. So if I select this single word here and I come up to. This tracking here, I can increase or decrease the amount of space between the word or if I select this whole sentence and increase or decrease. And just like before, if I hold down option and use the left or right arrow keys, I can make it really tight or a lot wider. And lastly, we have Letting, which for anyone familiar with web design might call this line spacing. And this is just the amount in between sentences. And this is located up here under the font size. So just make sure though, that you have more than one sentence selected because otherwise it won't actually work. So now if I increase this, decrease it, it will work. Now if I set this to auto, it will space out the letting to an optimal amount. And again, if you use the shortcut by holding down option, but this time using the up and down arrow keys. You can change the letting this way. Now as a general guideline, whatever your font size is set to, you're letting should be double that. So let me just change this to eight and change this to ten. And this is just the ideal amount of letting to look natural. But depending on your own design, it may require a different amount. This control panel up here is separated into character and paragraph controls. So you can toggle between these two, which will give you different options. But what's really happening here is that It's rearranging the priority of some of these properties. So some of these properties up here then get pushed to down here and vice versa. So if you're on a laptop or you're using a smaller monitor, you won't see some of these ones back here. So what you can do in that case, you see is you can go to Window, go down to Type and Tables, and choose character, and also Type and Tables and paragraph. And one more properties. So now with all these three panels open, you now have the same controls that you have up here. So now let's go through some of the properties. So we've already talked about the font size and the leading kerning. And tracking. These two down here allow you to stretch your text either vertically or horizontally. If that's something you need to do. This one is called a baseline shift, and it will allow you to shift your letter or letters, either up or down if that's something you need to do. This one here is the skew, and it uses degrees to change this skewed left or right. Down here we have some alignment options. So if I wanted to change this and put this into the center or right align this. I can. And if I wanted to also justify and align, I can also do that. By default, textboxes are usually hyphenated. So if I shift this box to be like this, see that some of these words are now hyphenated. And I'm personally not a fan of this, so I like to turn this off like so. Also count here to the paragraph controls and turn on and off the hyphenate there. Now, up here we have some more controls, so we have all caps. We can also use a superscript. So if I put a number three, I can make this a superscript. Or if I put a star, that's already super scripted. So I can also put an underline through this. Make this small caps use subscript and also a strikethrough. And all of these properties here actually also available if I go to this character drop-down and choose any of these here. Now, if I wanted to change the color of the text, I can do so by highlighting the text that I want to change the color to all of them and coming up to here and changing it this way. However, if I am not in editing mode and I only have the text-box selected. And I tried to change the text. It will actually just change the fill color of the text box. So what I need to do is actually click on this T first to select the text. And then if I change the color, it will change the text. So I can also do this from over here, select this t first. Additionally, if I have the textbook selected, I can go over here to the alignment of the content. And if I click on Align Center, it will push the text to the middle of the text box. What are the bottom? Can also press on this one, which will justify all the text to balance out depending on the size of the text box. Like so. Let me just change this back to the top. Additionally, you can change these two bullet points by going over here, or even put in numbers. And if we open up the Properties panel now, you can see that you get all of the same Properties and controls as these panels, and then also some additional things as well. So depending on which panel you would like to use, gives you greater options. Let's take a look at the text wrap function. Now, the text wrap options live up here on these icons. You can also access this under Window and Text Wrap. And this text wrap panel appears, can also hold down the option key and click on any of these icons to open and close the text wrap panel as well. So what the text wrap allows you to do is to place images or shapes or objects on top of texts. And the text tool then move or wrap itself around it automatically. So I'm just going to grab these two shapes and move them on top of this text. And by default, no tax trap has been applied to these objects. So if I go over here, you can see that no text wrap is applied. And if I press on this one, it will now move the text around the bounding box, which is the frames for these objects. If I select this one though, it will actually used and detect the edges of the shapes. So now the text is moving around the shapes. There's also these two options here, but I don't find these two useful. So I generally don't like to use them. As at the moment they, the text is really, really tight on these shapes. So what I can do is go to here and change the offset, which will push out and give some space around the shape as well. Like so. And if I go to here, you can actually also choose different sides that it appears on or both. There's also a few more options as well if you would like to choose them. I'm just going to move these. I can also do this with normal images and apply a wrap around the bounding box. The shape of this image is just the same as the actual frame. So we can just apply this one, the bounding box, which increase this to five, like so. Now with this image, it actually has a transparent background. So in this case, what we can do is instead of using the bounding box, which will just do that, we can go to the wrap around the shape and it's still not doing anything. So first, we have to go to the Contour Options and then change the bounding box to alpha channel because transparent images use alpha channels. So now if I click it, you can see it's working this way. So again, let's change the offset like that. Similarly, with any images that have a white background, like these two. Right now we have a wrap around object shape. So what we can do is we can actually select these images and go down here. And instead of bounding box or Alpha channel this time we can detect edges. And what this will do is it will ignore the white in the image and try to detect the shape of whatever the object is inside the image. So the shape of this car here and the shape of the bowl. But right now it's not actually doing anything, as you can see. So what we need to first do is actually move these two images behind the, the textbox. To do this, we can select both these images and then right-click and go to arrange and then send to the back. And now you can see that it has worked. However, there is now another issue and then that's we can't select these images because I'm selecting the text frame because, because it's in front of these two images. So what we can do is we can either first lock this text frame by going to right-click and lock, or using the shortcut Command L to lock it. See there's a lock icon now. So now we can actually select both these images and move them around or change their properties. The other thing we can do, and I'm just going to first unlock this textbox by going hovering over this and unclicking. The other thing we can do is hold down the Command key and then pressing on these images. And now it will allow me to select anything that's underneath something else. So now I can move this around and I can also change the offset command and click like that. Now, if for whatever reason, you actually need your particular textbox to disregard all of these texts wraps, what you can do is you can click on your text box and then hit Command and B to open up the text frame options down here that you can check this ignore text wrap, which will essentially just ignore all of the text wrap. So earlier we talked about linking textboxes so that they can overflow into one another like this. But there's actually a way to do something similar, but have all the text create their own text boxes and appear on additional pages. And that's something called auto flow. So auto flow will add additional pages and texts frames into your document until all of the texts has filled the document. So the first thing I'm gonna do is select all of this and change the point size to 12, so that now the rest of the text is hidden. And then I can click here and create new text boxes. But the first thing I'm going to do is actually hit Command Shift N P to create a new page. And now I'm going to come back up to this text frame and click this to load up the text. And I'm just going to come up to this top corner of the margin here. And I'm going to hold down the Shift key. As you can see, the icon actually changes to this wavy line with an arrow. And so now if I click, it will create a new text frame and additional pages that all link together with the text frames. So now I can re-size. I can resize these, or I can also move these about and create new text, transform that. And this is just a very handy way to bring in lots of texts all at once and not have to manually create new textboxes. And it also allows you to have a base layout for you to start working off. If you're going to be working on a multi-page document as well. 14. Lesson 13 - Text Essentials Pt 2: All typefaces are made up of characters, letters, numbers, and symbols. And all of these are actually known as cliffs. And if you want to see all of the glyphs available for any typeface, you can do so by going up to Type and then selecting Glyphs. And this will open up the Glyphs panel. So here we have all of the different glyphs available for this typeface. So you can actually change the typeface here. We're actually going to select this textbox first so that it selects the typeface for us. So we're using Acumen Pro Condensed here. So now if we have a look, we have all of these different glyphs available. And we can actually filter out by this drop-down. So we can just show numbers or symbols that are available. And we can also increase the size there. We can see it better if you want to place any of these characters, symbols into here. Or we have to do is just click on this and then just double-click on any of these things. And this is great for placing these in because these won't be available on your keyboard. Let's just go back to your entire font and reduce the size. So now we're just going to select these and actually change this to a different type phase. And also change the weight here. So as you can see, you can actually mix in different typefaces, in the same text box. Additionally, with some typefaces, if you select certain characters and hover over them, they may give you some more options. So let's just try these uppercase letters first. So we're not seeing anything. Let's try these lowercase ones. We have another option here. Another option. If I click on it, it changes to this. And let's also try numbers. So there's a bunch of options here. We can change it to this or something like this. And even with these symbols here. So depending on the typeface, you may or may not have extra options for certain characters. And if we just go back up to the cliffs, now, open this up again and just select a character. You can see that it's showing you more options here. Sometimes depending on the typeface you choose, you may come across numbers that look like this, where the mixed heights and not in line with each other. These are called old style figures. And normal typefaces will have these. But if you do come across these in, you don't want to use them and you want to look more normal like Ariel here. Then you can do this by first selecting the numbers. And then in the Character panel, go to the drop-down and go to Open Type. And then down here we have currently it's set to default figure style. So if you choose tabular lining or proportional lining, it will then change it to look more like Ariel. And you can also do this in the properties panel as well by going over here to the open type and choosing again the tabular or the proportional lining and not the old-style ones. If you ever find yourself needing to rearrange certain words around. So let's say we wanted to swap the position of Paul and Sally. So how you would likely do this is you'd select poll and then you'd Right-click and go cut or Command X. And then you'd place it here. And then you'd do the same thing for Sally. Like that. But there is a quicker and more efficient way to do this. And to do this, you first have to go up to InDesign and then Preferences and General, and then go to Type. And then here where it says Drag and Drop text editing, make sure that enable in layout view is checked. And now all you have to do is select your word and then click and drag anywhere in the sentence to change its position. Like that, and that is a lot quicker to do. Now, another interesting thing that you can do very quickly is say if we needed to change this whole sentence to all uppercase. Now we can do this a number of ways. We can actually select all this and just go up here and choose uppercase. Or we can actually right-click and go to Change Case. And this will actually give you a few different options. So if I wanted to change this to uppercase, or if I wanted to change this to lowercase or to title case, which is making all the first letters of each word a capital. And the last one is sentence case, which is the typical sense, the structure of the first letter of the first word being a capital and then everything else being in lowercase. If we take a look at these two paragraphs here, you can see that there's something a bit wrong about it as some big gaps here and some alignment issues going on here. And these are the result of formatting marks, which are these blue symbols here. And I've just put all these in to show you as an example. And the purpose of these are so that you can properly format your document. And in InDesign, these are actually known as hidden characters, and they will only show up when you are viewing in normal mode. So currently wearing normal modes will have a press W. We are now in preview mode. So if I press W again, We're back. And you also have to turn these hidden characters on because by default they're turned off. And you can do that by going up to Type and then choosing the bottom one here. So it says Hide. So to turn them on, just go back here and choose Show Hidden Characters. You can also use the shortcut Command Option and i2 turn them on and off. And these are extremely important and useful for properly formatting your document and also seeing what might be causing any certain issues. And these marks are all located under type. And one of these three options here. So if you ever need to insert certain formatting characters, then this is where you would find them. So tabs are a very useful tool for spacing out certain information. And by default, if you hit the Tab key on your keyboard in front of any of these words or sentences, you can see that it will just assign random spacing. So you don't really have much control over this. And this is also the tab symbol, by the way. So in order to use tabs properly, let me just undo all this. In order to use tabs properly, you need to open up the tabs tool, which is located under Type and then taps or using the shortcut Shift Command and tea, which will open up this tabs window here. So the very first thing that I'm going to point out on this is this magnet icon here, which is quite important because if I select any of these textboxes, so I'm going to click on this one and then I'll click on the magnet icon. It will snap itself to the very top of this textbox. And in doing so, we'll also align this ruler here. So these numbers to the text-box. So if I chose this, what it will do the same and this one, and it also will expand the length of it as well. And I can have this somewhere else, like over here. And then click and drag here to place a tab, which you can see is happening here. But it just makes much more sense to have this on the very top so that when you do this, you can see exactly what's happening. Now another thing to note is if I close this, if I don't have any of these textboxes selected and I open up the tabs tool, you can see that it just appears in a random spot. But if I first select any of these and then open the tool, you can see that it automatically will snap and be above the text box. So this is just handy to know. How tabs work, is that you first need to set where you want the Tab to go. And you do this by coming up to this feeling gray bar here above the ruler and then clicking in. And you can see that it's putting a marker of where the tab would be. This X position here is telling you the exact position on the ruler. So we come over here, we have the left and the center and the right justified tabs that you can select, which will, the symbol will show up when you place a tab as well like here. And you can place as many tabs as you want. If you want to delete them, just click and drag up or down to delete them this way. Or you can also come up to the fly-out and press Delete tab. Or if you want to delete all of them, then click Clear all. Just going to place some tabs here. Now, it's important to note that if you don't have any of these textboxes selected first, then these tabs might work. So I'm just going to just select this whole text box and then put a tab point. I can see now it's appearing as a line in the textbox, so I'll just put one here. And I'll come and double-click into here so I can edit. And then I'll come to the beginning and press Tab. And on these, and you can see that these have now all aligned. At the beginning of their texts to where I put the tab mark, like here. I can change this to a right justified as well. Let me just select the whole text box and click on this tab again, and then change this to a right align. Now it's aligning to the very end of these texts instead, instead of the front with the left justified. And I can also choose the middle, which will just use the middle of the text this way. So let me just come back into here. And let me only select the middle words here. And I'm going to change this to the right and left. And so you can do it individually to these ones this way by just selecting the ones you want. Or if you want to do it to all of them, then you'd have to select the text box and then select which justification you want. So just make sure that you either select the whole text box or you double-click into the text box to select your certain specific sentence. Now, if we go to this one, It's called the align to decimal. And this will basically allow you to align your tab to whatever character you that you've put in here. So see how it says a line here. It only allows you to do this if you have it on the line icon. So now that I can put a character in, so you can literally put any character you want in. But it only makes sense to put the character that's actually within your texts. So in this case we have the add symbol. We can use these, or we can use the dot, although the period here as well. So let's start with the, let's get rid of this and make sure we select this icon first. And then let's go in here and use the at symbol. So let's change this to an at symbol like this and press tab. And let's set a point. Let's just change this back to an at symbol again. And now if we go to here and press Tab on these ones, like this, these will now all align. Let me just snap this back. So this top point is all aligning to the at symbol because that's what we set it to. So if I now change this to this period instead, I'm just put period past tab. Only doing it to the individual ones. So let's just change it individually for all of these. Let me just make sure I have the whole text box selected this time and press on this again and let me just change this. This time to the let's use, I'll let her instead. Let's use an X. As you can see now, it's all aligned to this x here. And you can really use any of these letters that you want as well. But it's always best to use and stick to the symbols, the symbols here and the dot points. Because if we use something like an M here, there's also an m in the Michelangelo. So that might be problematic. Let's just try that. Let's just put a lowercase m and that seems to be working. But now let's put a capital M. And you can see it has used the capital M for Michelangelo. And let's try and use P this time. And that has worked because there isn't any other piece. I'm just going to also use the repeat tab, which will just add in another tab. That's the exact same spacing. So let me just clear this first and bring these back. And I'm just going to put a tab here. And I'm just going to call her Empress repeat tab, which will add in a, another tab with the exact same spacing as the first one. So now I can use this by double tapping. Let me just clear this again and make sure I have this text-box selected first and then create a tab, and then repeat the tab again. So now if I double-click into here and tab, you can see that it's gone to the first tab. And if I tab again, it goes to the second tab. So let me just tap this again and then let me type in a different world example. And I press Tab on this one, you can see it's lined up to the second tab like that. Now I'm just going to come down here and show you what the leader does. So firstly, I'm going to space and give some tabs to these times, this date and this pietas park. And I'll just select this text box. Make sure it's left justified and place a tab mark about here. And I'll just tap this one and then these two as well. So now these are all left aligned to there. And then what the leader, you can put in any character that you want into the leader. And it will copy that across the span of where you tapped. So here we have dashes. And I can change this to dots instead, and it will change it to old dots like this. So you can literally put in any character that you want like this. This is really great for if you're making something like a table of contents and your modern connected dots to span across like this. And this is what you can do with tabs. A great feature you should definitely be aware of is the Find and Change function, which is located under Edit and find slash change or Command F. And this will actually allow you the option of finding different types of things, but we'll just stick to the text for now. And so what you can do is undefined what you can type in the word that you want to find. So I'm going to type in Peter because I know that I've put Peter throughout the document. Then I'm going to press Find Next. And it will highlight the first instance of Peter in this document. If I keep clicking fine Next, it will then jump to the next one and the next one and the next one until it's finished. It's search of the whole document. We can also change the direction by clicking on backward and then finding previous. If I also then want to change the word pieta to something else. So let's change this to John. I can do that. But hitting change, I would then change only this instance of P. So if I find next, and I wanted to change this one to John, then I can press change and no change to John. But it won't change any of the other ones. If I did want to change all of them, then all I have to do is press Change all. And it will tell you that it's finished and how many of those Peters that it's replaced. So here we have John now as well. And you can see how useful this can be. If you have a really large document and need to find or change certain words very quickly. Another thing you can do with the Find and Change function is to go up to here on the query. And you have a number of different options here. But the two I want to look at is the multiple return to single return and the multiple space to single-space. So what exactly are these? Well, a return is this symbol here, and it's when you press Enter or Return on your keyboard to create a new paragraph break. And so sometimes we have multiples, like there and there and there. So if we want to get rid of all of these, we can just go back to the Find and Change function by hitting Command F and then going up to here and then choosing a multiple returns, a single return, which will also change what's in here. And then if we click on Change, all that will show this. And then, Okay, and you can see that it's gotten rid of those extra returns. Now if we also wanted to get rid of double spaces, so these dots here represent one space. So here we have five and this two here, and this is not what we wanted, so we want to get rid of all of these. So again, we can go up to query and choose a multiple space to single-space, and then change all. And then it will get rid of all of them for you. Like. So. Another useful tool is the info panel. And so if we go to Window and then info, now get the info panel and this will give us the properties of whatever object or item we select. So if I create a rectangle here and select this, change this to green. This will give us the CMYK values, and it will also give us the height and the width of this rectangle. If I go over here to this plus, I can change the units as well. So if I wanted to see this in millimeters, I can see the heightened width of this in millimeters or centimeters, or even pixels. And so this is really good for text boxes as well. Because if I select this textbox, it'll tell me how many words, lines, paragraphs, and characters there are in total. And if I just select some text, it will also show those as well. 15. Lesson 14 - Styles: So styles are located under Window and styles. And there are a few different options to choose from. We're only going to be focusing on paragraph and character styles. So let's just click on those to open these up. And what these allow us to do is to create presets for different text styles to apply to text throughout a document. So I'm just going to click on this anywhere on this first paragraph here. And I'm just going to go to paragraph styles and click on this file and choose New paragraph style. And you get this box that appears. I can actually also do this by clicking Create New Style, which will just add in the style here, but I now need to double-click to open it. And so here we have all of these options here on the side. And if you click on any of these, it will show different attributes. So I'm just going to make sure that I have preview selected so that we can see the changes update in real time. So I'm going to click hyphenate off, which will disable the hyphenation. Also going change the typeface to Avenir. Make this a bit smaller. Also going to come down to the Character Color and change this to red. Now we're going to give this style a name and call it red. Have a nice. I'm also going to put seven for seven point. And let me just change this to nine and then slash nine. And this is just letting me know that the point size is seven with the lighting of nine. Just kinda click. Okay, so now we have a paragraph style that's within the style that's applied. So if I wanted to change any of these other paragraphs to the same cell, or I have to do is select some letters or words, or just click into it and click this and it will apply that paragraph style. And I can create as many paragraphs styles as I would like down here. And to delete any of these paragraph styles, you're just need to click the trash can. And it will also then asked you to replace it with a different paragraph style so you can choose other existing ones or you can choose no paragraph style or just the default paragraph style. And up here we have the character style. So because we have a paragraph style applied, if we only wanted to have one particular word or several words or even just a character, a one-letter to be different. We can't really do that with a paired with another paragraph style. So we had to use character styles. So let's say this word sentiments. I wanted to just change this. I can do that by going to the character styles and selecting new character style. Now I can change different attributes. I can make this blue. Let's just keep it the same Avenir, but let's actually make it a different weight. So let's make an oblique That's also put a strike through onto it. So now let's call this oblique blue. And click. Okay. Now you can see that this has applied it to this word. And if I click on any of these other ones, nothing really changes about it because it's a character style and not a paragraph style. So if I wanted to Change other words, I can just click on the character style as well. I wanted to get rid of this and change it back. And I can just select none as well to get rid of it. And so you can see that having paragraph and character styles is a very efficient way to quickly apply the styles to different texts throughout a document. And so you don't have to manually change these different texts attributes manually every time you have new paragraphs. So e.g. if I needed to make a certain paragraph style for headings or subheadings or different body copies. I can create a number of different paragraph styles to apply those styles. So I'm just going to select this and change this to 15. Like this black. Also make the color black. So now if I wanted to, I can come over here and create a new style and call this heading. I'm just going to change this to no paragraph style because at the moment it's basing its style of the original red Avenue star, which is not what I want. Press Okay. So if needed, make another heading somewhere else. Like say here, I can just Press heading. I can also click on any of these styles and rearrange them by just clicking and dragging. And so here I can create another style. Let's call this subheading, and let's make this smaller. Let's change the typeface as well and change the color to a dark, dark blue. Press K something. Now if I needed to change something, I could either click into the paragraph style like this, or I could actually change visually, make a change visually in the document. So let's say I change this word here, enlarge this and put a strike through it. If I have a look over here, there's a plus symbol. Click anywhere else there is nothing showing. But if this change that I made here, we'll show a plus symbol to tell us that we've made some kind of modification that's not part of the original style. So what you can do is you can either right-click and go apply subheading Clear overrides, which is also the same as this, pressing this button. And what this will do is it will just change it back to its original style. I'm just going to undo that. The other thing you can do is actually right-click and go redefine style. And if I click this, it will actually then change the whole star that we had to this new update that we made here to just this word. So you can edit and update different styles this way. If you're starting a new project or document, but you need to use the paragraph and character styles from a different document. Or say a client or another designer has already set styles that you need to work from. There's several ways in which you can do this. Let's first save this document. Let's hit Command S, and let's call this styles. Let's now create a new document as well. So you can either open the document that has the styles in it and you can copy and paste the text box and paste it into the new document, which will copy over the styles. And then you can just delete the textbox and it will retain those paragraphs styles. The other thing we can do is to load the styles in from a InDesign file. So if I just delete all these first and I come up to here, and I go load paragraph styles. I can just find the InDesign file and click on that. And it will then ask me which paragraph styles I would like to bring in so I can choose all of them or just select the ones I want to bring in. And so that has now brought this. And without having to open the InDesign file, the other thing I can do is to add these paragraph styles to the Adobe CC library. So I can just select any of these and click here, and it will add it to your CC library. And then you can then click here and invite and share this library with another person. 16. Lesson 15 - Typesetting: In this lesson, I wanted to briefly talk about something called typesetting, which is also known as type crafting. As a designer, it's important to know how to properly format text and to be aware of certain conventions that will not only make your designs more legible, but also more visually appealing. So let's go through some of those now. The first one is hyphenation. I've already previously mentioned that I'm not a big fan of hyphenation. By default, it's turned on. But I always like to turn it off. Unless you're working with very tight columns or really large text, then there shouldn't really be a need to use hyphen nations as it's just not very good for legibility. The second one is the right align. Sometimes it may be tempting to write a line text so it's consistent with the layout. However, in Western culture, we read from left to right. And especially with lots of texts, it can become really hard to read. So just make sure that if you're using the right align, it's done in the right context. And also where there's not lots of text. The next one is the justification options, which are these ones here. And these will space out and align your text depending on the width of your textbox. And they can work pretty well sometimes, but they will also create these large gaps here, which are called rivers. Which is going to change this to This, justify all lines and change the point size to nine. So if you take a look at now, you can see that as a very noticeable gaps here. And these are called rivers because it's like water flowing through all of the gaps. And so just depending on the size of your text box, it might create really unsightly spaces like this. So I generally just like to leave texts on the left a line and not even have a justified. If I do need to space out the text, I would rather use the tracking to make it more legible that way. Another thing to be aware of are orphans and widows. These are lines of texts that sit by themselves or they're at the beginning or the end of a block of text. And a considered to be bad topography because they break up the flow of text. So an example of a widow would be the word Same here, or lifetime, because these are loanwords at the end of a paragraph. So if I just also bring these two words down here as well, this is still considered to be a widow because it's still a very short line. How you would fix widows is by going through the paragraph and adding in soft returns. So I'm just going to first bring up the hidden characters by holding Command, Option and I. And you can see here this symbol. This is a soft return. And this is done by holding the Shift and pressing Enter or Return on your keyboard. I'm just going to undo that. So it'll be up to you to decide where to put the soft returns. So I could put it, could put it here and Shift and Enter. And this will push that word down and also fix the widow. I'm just going to undo that. I could also put it like here. So to push these two words down so they're not by themselves. So Shift Enter and that will push it to the next line. And again, it will also get rid of the widow. And over here I can also do it. Let's go with was so that didn't work. I can then choose here like that. Now this is creating a bit of a capsule onto that. Maybe I'll just push this one. And that doesn't work because now this is an issue, so I'm just going to press backspace. And this isn't really working here. Maybe I'll push it there. And you can see that a little bit of finessing that you had to play around with to make this all work. And it can't take some time, but it's definitely worth. The time and effort. See there's now a single word here, so I'll just get rid of that. So now it's working a lot better to make this more unified and to get rid of the widows, orphans or the word, or words that start on a new column, but appear to be by themselves. So they look out of place. So if I were to expand this textbox which is connected to this one, because see now that this sentence has appeared from over here. So let me just undo that. See that this sentence is from this paragraph. So if I move this down, it forms like that. And so this is an orphan Where it has these words here, but it really part of a different paragraph in a different column. And so really you want to keep this with this paragraph here. So let me just bring that back. Also. We can have the inverse and have this hidden. Now, the orphan appears over here in this new column. So we just want to make sure that we don't have any orphans or widows. Now, sometimes what you may have to end up doing if you don't have enough room to say you want this to fit into this this textbox. So what you may need to do in this case is just break it up into another paragraph so I know that I can fit all this in. So this is the start of a new sentence. So I'll just hit Return to create a new paragraph. And then that fixes that problem when it comes to line lengths. So how many words run across from left to right in a text box? As a general principle, it's much easier for people to read shorter lines of text and then having it run across the entire page like this. There'll be different sources that say that 35 to 60 characters is ideal without 50 to 75 is ideal. And if you want, you can actually select all this. And then in the info panel actually see how many characters are there are. But realistically, you don't really need to do this. You just didn't make sure that your line lengths aren't that long. So you can either choose to come up here and creates more columns to break it up. So it's easier to read. Or if you need to create linked text boxes as well. Or if you're actually not restricted to font sizes, you can also just increase the font size to something else. So this is just something to consider when you are creating text and to not make them too long. So a really big pet peeve of mine is when I'm reading text on a screen, but the text is white on a black background. So I'm just going to select all of this text now, I can come up here and change it to paper, which is white. And I'm just going to create a rectangle and make this black. And right-click and send this to the back. So this text here is quite hard to read, especially with when you have lots of texts and eventually your eyes are going to hurt. So when I'm working with black, I generally like to lower this to something like 95, so it's not as harsh. And this is mainly prevalent if you're viewing black on screens. So if you print this out and read it, it's not really going to be an issue. But if I know that I'm working on something that's going to be read on screen or it's going on a website or something, then I generally like to lower the blacks. Or I would only have a little bit of text in black. So if I change this back to 100, I would probably only have something like this. Then have the rest of the text In a normal background color. And this is just something to consider when you're specifically working with black backgrounds just for better legibility. Lastly, I'm going to talk about double returns. So when you go to create a new paragraph in other programs like Microsoft Word, you do this by pressing the Enter or Return key after a paragraph to create spaces for other paragraphs like this. But this is not the proper way that you should be doing this. And you also don't have any control over the amount of spacing between paragraphs. So in InDesign, there's two options called the space before and space after, which is located here, space before and space after. And if I click into the textbox as well, they're also located up here in the control panel and also in the Properties panel over here. The first thing I'm gonna do is I'm going to delete these extra returns. So I'm just going to use the Find and Change function. The shortcut is Command F to bring that up. And if I just go to Query and then go to multiple return to single return and change all that will get rid of all of those extra returns. So now what I wanna do is when I click on the end of the first paragraph where the symbol is, and they come over to the space after here and increase the size. So you can see that I can choose the actual spacing to whatever custom size I want between paragraphs. I can do the same here. If I wanted to, I could just select all of this and just type it in to apply to all of the paragraphs. Just going to select all this and change this back to zero. Conversely, I can also do this with the space before, which will just add space to the paragraph before whatever paragraph. So in this, if I choose this one and add more space, it'll just push this down as it's adding more space here. And then what you can do is save this as a paragraph style. So let's just call this space after, like that. And what's great about this is that because these are all applied a space after, actually, let me just select all this and click on this to make sure it's all applied. So now what I can do is I can come into here. And then if I need to change the spacing right out space before, so let's just increase this. It will do that for me automatically. And I would not be able to do something like this if I just had a lot of double returns. And so that's why using the space before and space after is quite important and useful in InDesign. 17. Lesson 16 - Tables: Using and creating tables in InDesign at first can be quite confusing because there's a lot of different options that are available. But once you get the general hang of it, it's not all too hot. So the first thing you need to know about tables is that they will always live inside of a text box. You can not create or bring in a table without it being inside of a textbox. So firstly, anything to do with tables is located up here on the tables. And at the moment, everything is grayed out except for create a table. So you can only create a table. So if I click that, you'll get this window. And now you can put in the number of rows and columns that you wish to create. So let's just press. Okay. So now I can click and drag to create a table of any size that I would like. And just going to delete that and do this again. And this time instead of clicking and dragging, I'm just going to click once. And it will bring this in to fit the whole page this time. And if we just take a look at this, you can see that it's actually living inside of a textbox right now. Because if I click here and start typing, something, can see that some texts has appeared. So I'm just going to delete this one more time. Now, the other way you can do this is to first create a text box. So I'm just going to create a textbox. And then while it's inside of the textbooks, I can go up to here table again, and this time instead of saying create table, it says insert table. So it's basically just the same thing. So now I can click here and it will insert the table inside of this text frame. And so as you can see, this text frame was of a bigger size, but it's only filling up this area. So I can use the shortcut Command Option and see to fit it to the table. So once you have a table, you can remove or add in more rows or columns. And there's a number of ways you can do this. So firstly, I'm just going to click on this and then expand this textbox out so that we have more room to accommodate the new columns and rows that we'll be adding in. So I'm going to select one of these columns or rows. And to do that, you just have to click on the table anywhere in the cells. Then if I now hover my mouse over any of the top of the columns, you can see this black arrow appears. These also appear on the left side to select any of these rows. If I click now, it will select this column. If I click and drag to the left or right, it will select multiple columns and the same with rows as well. So I'm just going to go to the end column here and just select this one to select all of these cells. And I'm going to right-click and then go to Insert. And you can choose between row or column. So I'll just choose column to add in more columns. You can then insert the amount of columns that you would like to insert. And also whether you would like them to come in to the left or the right of this column. So I'm just gonna leave it to the right. So we'll add it over here and we'll put five. So now it's added in five new columns. And if you take a look at this textbox here, these columns actually fall outside of this textbox, and that's fine. You can still see them. But the only issue is that if you try to click on any of these cells, you actually can't. You can click on any of these cells inside here that are within the textbox, but you can't really press on any of these ones unless you have already clicked inside of these cells. Now you can click inside, but if you just have it unclicked anywhere, then you can straightaway click into it. So that's one thing too, be wary of. So generally, what you wanna do is you want to have the textbox to be large enough to fit all of the cells as well. So now I'm just going to do the same thing with the row. I'm just going to select the bottom one here and I just right-click and insert row. And again, you can choose whether to insert rows above or below. So I'll just put in like a lot eight. So now we have these. Now again, this little symbol appears and this is just telling us, just like with normal text, that there's something hidden. So an extra row or two or three have actually been hidden. So if this textbox is too small, then the extra rows are actually hidden. Unlike with the columns where it's still shows it. It doesn't do that with rows, so that's just something to be worried about. Now the other way that we can add in more columns or rows or delete some is two. Again. Highlight or select certain columns or rows, and then come up to the control panel up here. And here we have the number of columns or rows that we can add or remove. So if I wanted to have less, I can do it this way. And the same with rows. So this is just another way to do it. And the last way, and this is only relevant to the rose, is if I go to the very last cell here of both the rows and columns and I press the tab key, it will then create a new row. And then if I wanted to press tab again to jump between all the different columns, I can then press Tab and then it'll create a new row again. Or I could just click on the last cell again and again to create rows. This way. To resize any of these columns or rows or even the entire table. You can do this by just clicking into it and then hovering your mouse over any of these inside lines here. And you can see that this directional symbol appears. So any of these inside ones. So not, not the outside edges here, but the inside. So if I now click and drag up or down, you can see that it will change the dimensions of this particular row. So wherever, depending on where you actually select it. So if I select this one, it will push all the other ones down and disregard the ones before it. Same with the columns here. You can do this. If I wanted to change both the columns and the rows at the same time. And I can do this by coming to the very corner of this table. And it changes to this diagonal symbol and just click and drag. Then I can just change it to whatever size I would like this way. And if you wanted to change any of these rows or columns independently, but not affect all the other ones. Then all you need to do is hold down shift first and then click and drag. So if I hold down shift and click and drag on this one, you can see I can move this up and down, but it won't push any of the other ones. So the same with any of these columns. It will just basically move this line this way. Now, if I did want to move all of the rows or columns and have them spaced out evenly. Then what I can do to do that is by going to the very end here. So this write line at the end of this table or the bottom, and then hold down Shift. So if I hold down shift and click and drag this, you can see that all of the columns move together and uniformly spaced like this. Then if I just select all of these again, what I can do to reset and make these all actually the same size is I can right-click and then go down here to distribute rows evenly, distribute columns evenly. And so now if I click, it will then reset all of those rows or these columns back to the exact same size. And that's how you resize all these different columns or rows or the entire table. So now I'm going to actually bring in some text. So I'm just going to bring in Excel and I'm going to highlight all this information here and copy this. Now, if I just click on this one cell and try to paste this in like this, it won't really work. So as you can see, it's just pasted everything into this one cell, so that's not what we want. I'm just going to undo this. So what you need to do is you need to highlight a cell or any number of cells really. So if I click and drag until it's highlighted or, or just selected a bunch of these ones and then pasted it in. So Command V it down. We'll paste that although that daughter in, into however many cells it requires. So I'm just going to now delete this. I'm just going to paste in that same data from excel. And as you can see, that this is just a normal text box with all those texts. But you can see that it's using tabs and paragraphs here. So if I select this, all this text and now come up to table and then press on convert text to table. It will give you the option to separate these columns and rows using tabs and paragraphs. So if I first, let's just change this to paragraph and change this one to tab and see what happens. Click Okay. And you can see that it's created the table for us, although it's not coming in in the right format. As we had it in Excel here. So we had named weight, height, gender, and smoker in the top columns here, and it's not really coming out this way. So let's undo this. And let's now select this again, Command a to select all. Let's get back up and try this again. But this time let's change this back to tab and paragraph. And now this is working a lot nicer and it's actually coming in at the right type of format. You just need to make sure that you select the right paragraph or tab order, depending on how you had it set out before. You can really do this with any type of other texts editing or word editing program. So here we have pages open end here, I have some tabs here and some paragraphs. I'm actually going to delete these tabs and use commas instead. So I'm just going to put a comma there and sleep these paragraphs as well. So I'm just going to copy these, copy this, and I'm going to create a text box and paste this in. So we're using commas this time. And I'm just going to select all this again and come up to convert a text to table with the columns. I want to change this columns two comma because we're using commerce and we'll stick two paragraphs as well and click Okay. Again, it just creates the exact same thing. Then for whatever reason, if you want to actually change this table into text, again, like it was before, you can just highlight all of the textboxes, the cells, and then cut back up to here and then convert table to text instead. And it will again ask for the tab and paragraphs separators, and then it will just do the same thing for you in reverse. You can also bring in a table by placing it in from a saved file. So if I go up to File and Place or Command D, and then find the Excel file and click and bring that in. You can see that it's brought this in. However, let's just undo that and let's just bring it in again. Down here. You can see there's a Show Import Options. If I click this, I now have the option of choosing different sheets. And I can also come down to here and change the formatting. So instead of unformatted table, I can change this to format a table and then press OK. And you can see it's actually brought this in, this time, how it was in the Excel file. So if I just bring this up, can see that it's come in looking much more similar as it was. Once you have a cell selected, There's a number of things that you can do. So if I right-click, you can split the cell horizontally to become two. Or can also right-click again and split it up vertically. If that's what you want. You can also just select multiples and split them up this way. And the same with columns horizontally and vertically. And you can also select multiple cells and then go merge cells, which will then merge them all into a single cell. Like this. The text works exactly the same as if you just had it in a normal text-box. So if you came in selected this text, you can come up here and just change it to something else and the sizing and the color of it as well. You can also select cells and change the text this way as well. Just make sure you have the T selected and then change it like this. Now when it comes to the cells themselves, you can also change the color, fill or the stroke. So let's just highlight this cell. And then if I come up here to the fill, I can change this to blue. Let's also change the stroke to read. Now, this has, a single cell has been changed. Now, if I do this again, and let's say that we select these ones. You can see over here that we have this highlighted box. And what this is, is it's a selector of the different borders and edges. So right now, the blue is selecting the border edges of the cells. So if I click on any of these edges, it deselects these. And if I can click these, will select them. I can also click on the vertical and horizontal lines, which are these vertical and horizontal lines. So now if I change the stroke width, it will actually change all of the stripe width. And the same with the type of line as well. So if I change this to dotted, will actually change those lines to be dotted. So let me just change this back to solid. And here I can then change the stroke color and also the fill color as well. And let me actually just change the text to white so you can see it better. And now we have a look. You can see that the lines are blue and the fills are pink. So if I wanted to say highlight all this again, and this time, I just wanted these inside lines to be white. What I need to do is I would have to make sure that I select those lines so that the middle ones in the inside of selected and de-select the outside ones that I'm not going to affect those. So now we have these two selected, which I just these lines and then changed the stroke color to white. Then I had a look. You can see now that the borders still retains the blue, but the inside ones. What? And that's how you change the border or the line colors. So I can do it to this whole table if I wanted to. So I can just make sure I have everything selected and then come up to here and make this a different type of line. And also change the color to green. So now if I have a look at it, everything has been changed to green. And so the formatting of the text is pretty much the same as if you just had it in a normal text box. So if I had this highlighted, I now if I go up to here, we have the alignment options available to us. So if I wanted to center align this inside of the cells or bottom aligner justify it. I can do that. You can also use these to rotate. So if I change these to nine degrees, you just need to make sure that the cells actually big enough. So we can see that if I highlight all of this, can come up here and change the rotation, or I can just right-click and also change the rotation here. These all turned 90 degrees. Just going to undo that. And just like with a normal text box, if I had this textbox here and I opened up the Text Frame Options by hitting Command and B. Remember we had the inset spacing, which if I increased all of them, it would create some padding to push the text inside of the frame more. And so we have the same options here. If I just selected one of these cells and then right-click and went to sell options. And click on text here. And up here, it will give us the cell insets. So I can just click on any of these to push the left side in. If I click this, I can link all of them and then change all of the insets as well like that. The other thing you can do is if you go to sell options, you can come to diagonal lines here. And if your design calls for it, you can add in diagonal lines. So right now it's set to no diagonal lines. So if I press on this one, we'll put a diagonal line in this way. Well, this way, or both ways. And we can change the weight of this and the color as well and also the type if we want. I'm just going to press, okay? And so that's a way to bring in diagonal lines if you need to in the box. Another very handy thing that you can do with tables is to create alternating fills or strokes. So what these are, if you say want to make this row a certain color and this, and the next rows in-between, all different colors. Then you can do this manually. You can go up to here and just Fill this in like this. And then you fill this one and do the same thing. And you can continue to do this for how large your table is, but this is a very time-consuming way to do it. So how you can do this is by selecting your whole table and then right-clicking, going to table options. And then you can choose any of these three that say alternating. So let's go alternating fills. And then it will open up this table for you, which will also give you the same options as if you right-clicked. So let's get back to fill. So at the moment, we don't have any alternating pattern, patterns. It's set to none. So we can choose any number of these different options. So let's just go every other row, which will essentially select every second row for us. So here it will divide it up into the first row and then the row after that. So here we can change the colors. So I'm just going to change this to blue. And then for the next row I'm going to change it to a yellow. So I'm just going to press Okay, Is that so they can see what we've done. Here. You can see that it has alternated those colors for us so that we don't have to do this manually. So I'm just going to go back in here again, two alternating fills. And you can see that it gives us a tint percentage. So if I wanted to, I could make this 100% of its color like that. Or I could change the level of tint as well, like we had it before. So I can change it to any one of these. And we can also choose to skip the first column, first row, sorry, or the last one. And we can also do this two columns if we wanted to, so every other column. So we can now change the color to red and yellow again. And press Okay, and you can see this has now done it to the columns. You can see how effective in handy this would be. So let's just go back into this again with the other ones. It's basically the same thing but it's doing it to the rows. The strokes, sorry. So if I wanted to change the color of the stroke to green and then the next one too pink. I can do that. And now it's done it to the strokes. Now I'm actually just going to come up here to this row and changed all of this to the same color because these are meant to be headings for the rest of this data here. So I'll just select this and come up here and change it to pink. And as you can see, these are a tint of this pink because we have set the alternating. So what we can do here is to select this cell and then come up to the fill and change this back to 100. And we can do it that way. Or we can actually just select all these to do it all at once and come up to here and other type it in or just click on this, should bring up the slider and drag this to 100 per cent. So now all of these cells are bacteria 100% dark pink. I'm just going to also select all this text and come up to the fill again. I'm a T to change to the text and make this text white. And I'm just going to select all of these cells. And I'm going to center, align all the texts and also vertically center to make it neater. I'm also going to change the typeface to something else. Let's go Mark light and also make it a bit smaller like that. Now, another interesting thing that we can do is to create rounded corners on tables. So I'm just going to conform this textbox to the table by double-clicking this. Now unfortunately, unlike with a regular text box or a shape, where if we just create a textbox here and do this, if we click on here, we can edit the corners. Now unfortunately, with these tables, we can't just go ahead and do that with the frame. So if I try to do that, if I click and alternate the corners, you can see that it's not really letting us do that. It's doing this weird outline thing. So how we can actually do this? I'm just going to Command Z. To undo this. What we need to do is actually copy this table with the frame into a, another frame first. So let me just create a new text box. And then I'm going to select this frame with the table. And I'm going to hit Command X, which is going to cut it. Or I can right-click and go cut. And this will just get rid of the table, but also copy it. And now paste it into this new textbox. And if I just pasted, it's not going to work. So I need to actually do a right-click and go paste into or Option Command N v, which will paste it into inside of this new frame. So let me just come up to here and go fit frame to content again. And now. Now if I try to do the corners and edit them, they will actually work properly. However, as you can see, there's something going on here and that's actually cutting into the the table there and hiding the rest of the border color of the table. So what we can do in this case to fix this, is to select the whole table. And then up here where we have these outside border selected, we can press on these to de-select them. Actually that's wrong. Press on these again to select them. Now we'll just change the color to none, so we don't have any color applied. Now if we click on this frame and I can come up here and change the corner radius. You can do that. And let's actually add a stroke color to this new frame. So now we can have a rounded frame. And then also just change the color to something else like that. So remember, this is, this frame here is actually an, another frame. And if I double-click into here, this is now the table, but it is within its own frame as well. I'm just going to come up here again to fit. And so that's how you make rounded corners on a table. If you need to. 18. Lesson 17 - Effects & Strokes: In this lesson, we'll take a look at effects, transparency and stroke options. The first one is transparency. And transparency can be applied to everything. So images, shapes, or textboxes, you can change the transparency or opacity of these items. And there's three different ways you can do this. So if I just select on this image first, if you go to the Control Panel, up here is your opacity control. So if I click this, I can then change the percentage of opacity. Can also open the effects panel here and select my item, and then over here and change the opacity as well. And lastly, in the properties panel, where opacity is down here, and transparency is great when you need to put something on top of something else. So let's say for this image, I'm going to make a rectangle. And I'm going to give it a orange color. And I'm going to put this on top of this image like this. Now obviously I can't see anything now. So this is where it's great to then bring in an opacity so that now this image has an orange tint. Additionally, what I can do is also come over here to the effect and come over here to the blending mode. And what blending modes are is that they allow you to choose these different options, which will give different effects. So if I choose multiply, we'll darken the image, but with the orange overlay and screen will give a different effect. We're just going to change this back to 101st so you can see the effect better. If you just experiment and try all these different options to see what you like. Like, like so. And you can even come over here to the gradient feather and then apply a gradient feather which will add some transparency as well to the image. So something interesting like that. I'm just going to delete this now. I can also do this with something like text. Let's write Japan. And let's center this and change this to something like Gotham. I'm just going to track this out a bit as well and make this larger. And I'm not going to change the color as well too. Let's go green. Now. I come over here to the blend modes. Then choose a different blend mode and it will give a different effect. And you can also get the blend modes by pressing on the word Opacity here in the properties. And I have the same options here. And also, if I press on the Effects button here and click on transparency, it's also here as well, and also here. So if I now press transparency, you get this effects window and we'll cover the effects in a second. But you can see this also has the Blending Mode option available to you here. So to use and apply effects to any of these items, you can open up the effects panel like here. Or you can have the properties panel open as well. Or you can select effects up here in the Control Panel under Effects. So let's actually select all of these objects now. And let's go up to effects. And if I press on any of these options, including transparency, it will open up the effects box for us. So I can choose any of these, or I can come down to effects here and choose any of these, or also any of these. So I'm just going to press drop shadow. And now what it's done is it has applied a drop shadow. You can see this tick here. And this blue bit has highlighted this effect as well. So by default, when you click on any of these other effects, it will select it and also check the box which will automatically apply. So if you don't want to do that, you can just then. Uncheck to get rid of it. And when you click on any of these effects, you also get these options here. If you just click on it, but don't have the check box ticked, then these are grayed out and you can't actually do anything with them. So in a glow, Let's just start playing around with these. So right now it's the blend mode is set to screen. Let's just change this to normal and change the color by clicking on it to black. And it will create an insight glow to this box or this shape. There's not much happening to this textbox. Their effects can work differently depending on what you have selected. Let's go to Drop Shadow. And remember we also have this inner glow selected and ticked. So let's actually get rid of that, but I'm taking that so we don't have too many effects going on. So right now we just add a drop shadow so we can again change the blend mode to something else and the color, the opacity. You can change the angle that this drop shadow is appearing hours or the distance. And right now it's a little bit soft and we're looking at, so I come down here and make it sharper looking. Actually do this and change the spread. And so there's a lot of different options that you can play around with depending on what effect you choose. And you just need to go through and play around to see what each one does. So if I use gradient feather, it will start adding in transparency to one of the sides so I can change the way that this works or make it a radial. Let's just change it back to here. You can also change the amount here or reverse it. And basic feather. So these are some of the things that you can do with the effects panels. And then if we have a look at this properties panel, you can see the word sat in here. And this is just telling us which effect that we have applied to these. So if I actually click on this, it'll just reopen the effects panel for us. And so if I show something else, can see that it's now changed to add a glow. If I want to just get rid of any effect that's been applied, I can do this by coming to this effects panel and clicking Clear all effects. Or if I go to the effects here and go clear effects are also up here. Clear effects. Let's actually go back and add in your drop shadow so we can actually see something and then click on Clear effects. So then it will just get rid of all that. Strokes are really interesting and you can actually do quite a number of things with them. So firstly, you need to have the Strokes panel open to get all of the settings. So at the moment, none of these items have any strokes applied to them. Let's go and do that now. So I'm just going to select this image and apply a blue stroke and increase the point size. Same with this text box. I'm going to at a pink stroke to it and increase the point size. I'm actually going to also just make this a bit larger so we can see the text and open up the text frame options by holding Command and B, I'm just going to add some inset so it gives it a bit more breathing room there. And also with this shape, I'm going to add a stroke to it as well. So let's give it a green strike and increase the point size. I'm actually going to duplicate this as well by holding Option and dragging. And I'm just going to get rid of the fill so we just have the strike. So now I'm going to select this and start playing around with some of these options here. So here I can change the type of stroke style. So clicking on this, you can see it changes to a different style. And there's a lot of different styles here that you can press and play around with. And then you can change the gap color. So let me change this to yellow. So now it has these yellow applied to the gap. So depending on which style you have, it will apply that tele in a different manner. Then I can, if I wanted to change the tint of that yellow as well down here. Now if I go back up here to cap These referring to add the end points and the style that it applies it. So if I press on any of these and press any of these styles, it won't actually do anything because you, in order to use these, they only work on open shapes are open strokes. So let me just create a line and a eyedropper this, so this is an open stroke, it's not connected and closed. So if I now choose round cap, you can see that the end points here have changed to a round and also projecting a butt cap. You can create lines like this, or you can use the pen tool and create custom shapes as well. And applied these different caps. They only work for open shapes like this. And if I come down here now to the meter limit and these joins, so this limit is referring to this first join only. So if I go here, let me just change this back to a solid. And I have this join, select it. And if I change this number here, you can see that it changes the style. So if I am, if I'm on one, you can see that it has this style. Here. I increase that and it changes it back to a normal star. And if I now change to a round join, you can see that all of these corners here have become rounded. And this is grayed out because this is only referring to this. And I can also do this to the Bevel joint as well. And it will create a bevel style. Now if I come down here to the start and end, what this is referring to, these different styles here that you can have on the end. And again, these only are applicable to open strokes like these. So if I click here and chose like this bar, it will add this to the end here and also to the other end. If I wanted to have an arrow, e.g. due to that. So I can't do it to these ones because nothing will happen because they don't have any open ends. So I can apply to this one and like this or, or even shaped like this. Then I can, if I wanted to swap the direction of these as well. Then down here I can change the scale of these end stars as well. Let's make this 70 per cent so that decreases the size there. Or I can increase it like that. Or if I just click this link, it will do both. And then also with these arrows, if I come down to the line here, I can change the speed, the end path to go beyond the actual anchor points. So if I click on this, you can see that this error at the moment. And also this side is butted up right on the anchor point of the stroke. So if I click on this, extend past it, it will actually just go past it like that. So that's option if you need that. And lastly we have this aligned stroke. And so if I select this again, let me just change this color as well to yellow. And you can see the blue line in the center here. And this is the stroke align stroke here will allow me to change this. So if I press on this one, it will actually push that stroke color to the inside of the blue line or the outside. And this is generally useful for if you have something like a stroke border of an image. So if I had a very large stroke like this, you can see that the stroke is actually pushing and covering some of this image. So if I don't want that, I can push this to the outside. And it still shows the whole, entire original image. If that's inside, then you see less. It's in the center, you see a bit. But on the outside you have this as well. So that's why this alliance stroke is handy for things like that. And these are the types of things that you can do. Four strokes. 19. Lesson 18 - Useful Tips: We've now gone and covered a lot of central topics to be able to work in InDesign. And I just want to now go over a few more important tips that you should definitely know about and we'll find extremely useful. And the first one I want to talk about is the alignment options. So when you have an object selected, it could be an image, shape, or text box. You will get some alignment options available to you. So if I click on this, you can see up here that these alignment options have appeared. If you go to the Properties panel, you can also find these icons here. Or you can also go up to Window and then object and Layout and open the alignment panel as well. So before we press on any of these alignment options here, we should actually be more focused on where this is aligning two. So if I click on this drop-down here, you can see we have some different options. And these options correlate to where the alignment will happen. So if I press on align to page, any of these buttons will then align to this page that it's on. So if I go left, go to the left edge, right edge, the very center, the top or the bottom, or the vertical center. And then if I change this to like to spread, it will then align to the actual two pages because it's acting as the spread. And likewise with the margin, if I move this to this page, it will align to the margins on this page like this. And so this is quite useful, but what you mainly want to use this for is to align lots of different objects at the same time very quickly. So let's say we have these three images. And I wanted to align these two images to this image. So what I can do is select all of these and let me go over here to the Align tool again. And you can see that we have this option here, align to key object. Now, if I click this, it will just select one of these items for me. And what I can actually do is select all of these again, and I can actually choose which key object I want it. So if I wanted to be this one, I click on this one and you can see that it's highlighted. So I have the choice to do that. And it's by default selected for us while we do that. And so now if I click on any of these, it will distribute and align to key object this way. So say if I had these down here like this, I can select any of these and then choose two along the horizontal centers. And it will do it like this. So this is just a very quick in handy way that you can do this. So you can do this with shapes as well. So let's say we want to make all of these shapes aligned to this object here so I can press on this one and it will do that for us. Here. We can also do it with textboxes. Align all these to be centered. Now, we have a bit of an issue here, and that's in fact that these texts aren't aligning because of the actual size of the textboxes. So it's using the textboxes as the alignment rather than the text inside of it. And so that's why when it comes to textboxes, I always like to first fit these frames to the content. So remember the button fit frame to content up here. Or I can use the shortcut key command option C to fit the frame to content as well. And then when I select now all of these and align these center, these have centered properly. I can actually just change this to center as well to make that more center. So you can see that the alignment tool is very handy if you need to align lots of things very quickly and not have to do it or manually. Also, living inside of the Align panel or the Distribute Objects and Distribute Spacing Options as well. And these deals specifically with the spacing in-between objects. So you can set and fine tune the amount of spacing you would want. So they work in conjunction with the alignment. So if I select these three images here. And again, just like with the alignment, these work depending on what you have set as the alignment. So we have selection aligned to selection selected at the moment. So if I then come over here to the distributes centers, it will create some spacing for us. And this is using the averages of these image sizes to create spacing. I can also come here and check this and then put in a sizing millimeters to change the amount. That's actually quite small. So let's change this to 65 and do that again. And this works best when you have images or shapes or textboxes that are the exact same width. So these three squares here are exactly the same. So if I change this 25 first and then do a distribution, it has perfect spacing in-between. Unlike over here, when we have the spacing not being perfectly even. So if we did want perfectly even spacing between these three images would come down here to the distributes spacing. Then here we can set the amount of spacing we would like, and then choose either the horizontal or vertical distribution. So now if I click on it, it will print perfectly even spacing. That's 15 mm for these images. So let's just come down here to these shapes here. I'm just going to select all of these and maybe move this up a bit. Now again, I can do a vertical centers spacing this time. And let me just make sure this is on the right selection, so it is on the normal section. And if I press on this now, it will space. Although these, but as you can see, the spacing is not quite equal. If I move this up here or move this down here. And then again did the same thing. It'll just re, adjust the amount of spacing. Let's turn this off. And we'll just create spacing based on the positioning of where your end last objects are. So if I move this back in again and did the same thing, it'll just shift the inside ones to have even distributed spacing. Unless I have this checked, and then it will base the spacing on the amount of millimeters. Then if I again change to any of these other ones, it will just attach itself and align itself to the margins or the pages of the spreads wherever you have distributed. Then down here again, we can change this and push it out to create even amounts of spacing. If you need to make changes to the actual frames of textboxes, images, or shapes, then this is what we call making a transformation. So if I say click on this image, Encarta here. These are transformation options up here, and also here the rotation and the shear angle. If I also open up the window and go to object and Layout and then transform, you can have your transform when panel open. And so now if I make some rotations here, you can see that it's doing that. And it's also reflected here in this p. If I do flips as well. And this is just a quick way to see what's being applied like that. And I can then also choose the exact degrees of rotation I would like. And also, if I wanted to add any amount of shear to an image, I can do that as well. Toes of the reference points selector that we've gone over before, depending on where I have this, points selected will affect how the transformation works. So if I haven't selected on this bottom right, which is the bottom right here. And then I changed the size of the width to say 70. It will push it out from this bottom corner. Or if I did a shear of -20, you will also hear it from that 0.30. And let's just push this up as well. Let's go back to the center. So if I make changes now, it will bring it in from the center. If I wanted to clear all of the different transformations that I've just done, I can go right-click and then Transform, and then go to the bottom and go clear transform, and it will just reset everything. And so I can do this with literally anything, even these textboxes, I can rotate or flip them. And if I wanted to clear it, I can just reset it this way. If you ever needed to group any elements together, you can simply do this just by selecting the objects that you wish to group and then right-clicking and then going group or using the shortcut command G. And you'll note in a group when you see these blue dotted lines and to ungroup it, then you press Shift Command G to ungroup it, right-click and go on Group. And you can do this with literally any two items or multiple items. And group it that way. And this is great if you need to do something like put an object over another object like this. And then let's change the transparency to overlay. Actually, let's go soft light, maybe hard light, and bring down the opacity like this. And now because this shape is above this image, I want to now select both of these and group them. So now I can just press on this end move both at the same time. So that's handy. And if I wanted to, I can, while it's in a group, double-click to select the top object to change its shape or dimensions or the color or anything. Any other adjustments I would like to make to it and then move it back and still have it be within the, inside of the group. And next up, we have rulers. Rules are really useful guides and allow us to align objects together perfectly. So to Show Rulers, we have to right-click and go to Show Rulers or use the shortcut Command R. And once you do that, these numbers will show up on the top and the left-hand side here. And if you remember from a previous lesson when we created guides that show up as blue lines on the page. Rulers are very similar in that they create blur lines for us as guys as well. So if I just click and then drag out a line, you can see that it has created a guide for us. I can also do the same thing on this vertical anywhere. You just click and drag and bring out a guide this way. Now if I click and drag and only have the guide inside of the page, you can see that it only appears in the page and not over both spreads. If I have it out on the pasteboard here. So if I only wanted this to appear here, I would do it this way. And if I already have a line here that goes over both spreads and then I click and then I drag. You can see that it gets converted to just a single line in this page. I'm just going to undo that. If I didn't wanna do that and move this, then I'd have to click it out here on the pasteboard and then move it. So that's just something to be aware of. And now I can use these guides to snap my text boxes like this. And I can obviously do this with shapes and images as well if I need to. And now if I Wanted to lock these guides for whatever reason, I can do so by first selecting the guide and then right-clicking and going locked. And this has now locked it. So if I now click and drag, you can see I can actually drag it in. This lock icon appears. Now if I have a lot of guides on the page, and I actually wanted to lock all of these all at the same time. I can do this quickly by just counting up to View Grids and Guides and then checking this lock guides. So now if I go back up to here, you can see that there's a tick next to it. And these are actually all locked and I can't even select them. And so if I then wanted to unlock them, I can just come back up here and then uncheck this. And now these are all selectable. And then if I wanted to delete them, I can just select them and hit Delete to delete them. And if I tried to delete this one, I can't because remember, I've actually locked this one. So I can't move or delete this one until I have selected an unlocked it and then deleted. If I also have a lot of Guides on these spreads and wanted to delete all of these very quickly instead of selecting them, I can also just come up to View Grids and Guides and then delete or guides on spread. And it will delete all of them at once. Although if I have any of these guides that a lot. So let's just lock this one. And then I tried to do the same thing with deleting, will only delete the unlocked ones and not the locked ones. So I had to have to select this, unlock it, and then delete it. And one interesting thing that you can do with rulers is use this as an example. So this textbox and this textbox are perfectly aligned right now, as you can see by the ruler here. But as you can see, this doesn't actually bought up to the very edge of the textbox. And so what we can do by using this ruler as a guide is to then shift, move this TO textbox until it does line up with the guide. Now you can see that it's actually aligned properly visually using the ruler. And this is one example of something that you can use with rulers. Another thing that you should make sure that you have turned on is something called Smart Guides. So right now I have smart guides turned off. If I move this around, you can see that I've just freely moving things around. And if I'm trying to align certain objects to each other, I can kind of just eyeball it. But if I really wanted to get this perfect and to make this a lot easier for me than I would have smart guides on. And to get smart guides, you go to View Grids and Guides and then press Smart Guides or use the command. You short-time can also get this by right-clicking and going Grids and Guides and turning on smart guides. Once you have smart guides turned on. Now if I move these objects around and try to line these up with other objects, you can see a green line appears, which helps me to line up this object with this object or this object with this textbox here, you can see that this is super handy and it also helps me to line it up and snap it. In addition, if I have objects like this data together and then move another object on the other side. You can see that we have some arrows here. And this is telling us that if I place this image right here, it's the exact same spacing as over here. So that's another extremely helpful way that you can get perfect spacing and alignment of any of these items together. Every time you create a new shape or text box or you bring in an image or a graphic. Whatever the last thing you did was will always be on top of everything else. And so this is where arrangement comes into play. So as you can see, this shape is at the very back, and this shape is on top of this shape, and this shape is on top of this shape. And no matter where I move, this shape will always be on top of these other two shapes. So if I wanted to move this behind this shape or to the very back, I can do this by first selecting the shape and then right-clicking and then going to arrange and then send to back, if I wanted to send behind both of these shapes. So if I now select both of these and move these here, you can see that this shape is at the very back. Now, if I only wanted to say, send this shape, this shape behind the green and the blue circle. Then all I have to do is right-click and go send backwards. And this will send it backwards once. So now it's wedged between these two shapes. And I can do the same. If I wanted to move this forward, I can bring this to the front all the way to thrive or just bring it forward one. And as you can see, that didn't actually work. And let me just try that again. Just bring it forward. And now it worked. And the reason why that didn't work is because there's also these shapes down here. So it had to go through and go in front of these three, whichever shape first before it reached this one. So if there wasn't any of these other shapes here, then if I immediately brought this forward, it would go up one. And that's why it's good to know the actual shortcut keys so that you can quickly go through them. So if I stack all these on top of each other now. And I selected this one. I can, using the shortcut key command and right square bracket. I can quickly go forward and backwards using the shortcut. Or if I wanted to quickly send this to the back, I can use Command Shift and left square bracket to bring it all the way back. Or Command Shift, right bracket to bring it all the way to the front. And that's the quick way to send and arrange different objects to the back or the front. Now the other thing, and I've already covered this before is that when you have any of these items in front or behind. So let's move this to the front. Again. If I wanted to not move this to the back first and select this, then what I could do is instead just hold down command and then press on any of these items in the back. And it will select it without having to do anything with the front layer. If you've ever worked in Photoshop or any other editing program, you may be familiar with layers. In InDesign, you can also have things on layers to bring up layers. Just go up to here on Window and then go to layers, which will open up the Layers panel. So now we can see that we have one layer called layer one. And to add more layers, just press this Plus button here, or you can go up to this drop-down and go new layer, which will give you some extra options as well. So you can come in here and name the layer. You can also change the color to something else which will change the color here. And also on the items that you selected on your layer. There are also some extra options here as well, but we won't worry about these too much at the moment. So I'm just going to press Cancel. So if I select all of these, now, you can see that this layer is selected and then a blue fill here. Or if I press on any of these individual items, it will also have that. And it's doing that because all of these items are living on this layer at the moment. And you can also tell because all of these have a blue border for the frames, which is denoting this blue here. So the first thing I'm going to do is actually rearrange the order of this. So I can do this by just clicking and dragging this up to rearrange the order or clicking and dragging this. So now that we have the proper layer stack here, now I'm also going to rename this. So there's two ways that I can do this. I can either double-click onto this to open up the options, and then I can rename this two images. I'm just going to keep the color to the same press. Okay? The other way is to first select this layer and then click on the name once to open this up. So now I can change the name as well and I'm going to call this text. And then for this one, I'm just going to go shapes. Now. Because at the moment all of these are on the first layer. I want to now move these two texts frames into the texts layer. And how do I do that? So first, I have this selected, and then I just go up here to this blue fill here. And then all I have to do is click and then drag into this, fill, this empty field. Now this has been selected and it turns red. As you can see, this has also turned red. So now I know that these texts layers, these texts boxes are in the text layer and everything else is still on the image layer. So now if I select these texts layers and say this image, you can see that both of these fields have shown up. So everything that I've selected is showing me that they are on these two reliance here. Lastly, I'm just going to select over these shapes and then again, click and drag this into this layer. So now these are green. So if I wanted to double-click again and change the color to say violet and press. Okay, you can see this is now turned violet and the same over here. Just like with layers in Photoshop. Whichever way you have on the very top is the layer that's going to be on top of all the rest. So the images at the moment selected these end. Move these here. Here you can see that these are on top of the shapes. So if I then click and drag this to the bottom here, you can see that now they are underneath the shapes. So the arrangement, if we go to the range, doesn't really apply in this case because they are on different layers. So if these things were actually on the same lenses, these than the arrangement would work. So that's just something to be aware of as well. Over here we have some. Eyeballs, which is toggling the visibility. So if I wanted to press this, it will turn off the text layer. And the same with these ones. And over here in these empty squares, if I press on this, a lock symbol appears, and that's just telling us that it's locked this layer. So we can actually select or do anything with this until we unlocked it by pressing on it again. Now if we wanted to vary, if we had lots of layers and wanted to very quickly toggle all of the lock, all of these we can just click and then drag really quickly like this, or whichever ones you want to lock and unlock like this. And you can also do this with visibility as well. So these are the things that you can do with the layers panel. Sometimes you may find yourself needing to lock certain items in order to work more efficiently. So if I needed to lock any of these items, all have to do is select it and then right-click and go lock or use the shortcut Command L in order to lock fees. So if I were to press on these, unlock these, you can see a little lock icon appears. And then if I hover over it, a little unlock symbol appears. And then if I click it, it will then unlock these. And these are especially useful for say, if I needed to make the background cover image cover the whole background. And so if I wanted to start working on objects that are on top and say I want it to select multiples. If I click and drag, it will actually just select the image in the background. So now I'm just accidentally pressing this. And so that's why if I lock this now, I won't accidentally press it and I can just focus on the items on the page. Now, if I were to lock everything, they just select everything and hit Lock. Now, everything is locked on this page. And I'll also lock this as well. If I wanted to quickly unlock everything instead of going over it and hitting the Unlock button, I can do this by going up to object and then choosing Unlock All on spread or using the shortcut option command and L. And this will now unlock all of those items. So that's just a very quick in handy way to lock and unlock certain items. When it comes to copying and pasting, there's actually three different types of copy and pastes available. So there's the normal one where you just do a normal copy and paste. And it will create a copy and paste it in a random spot. The other one is the paste into, and we've covered this before where you can create any frame or shape and copy this and paste it into it like this, or by using the shortcut. And then you can resize it so it fits the entire frame like that. But there's a third option and it's called Paste in Place. And this will actually paste the object in the exact same spot that at what? So if I go right-click and Paste in Place, see it creates a copy in the exact same spot. And this can be really handy if you need to put any objects on other pages as well in the exact same spot. So if I come down here to this spread and use the shortcut, can see that it has actually pasted it in the exact same spot. So it's going to be handy for things like logos or things you need to put into the footer. So let's just pretend this is a logo. And I'm going to copy this. So if I come down here and I just use the regular paste Command V, it just randomly pasted right there and that's not what I want. So I'll use the Paste in place instead and it will perfectly place it exactly right there. Now, if we take a look at this, at the moment, this is on spreads. So if I actually just delete this for a second and this, and change this and delete this page so that it becomes a single page. And now if I do the same thing, select this on this spread here and copy. And then I paste this in place. It will again paste this exactly where it is if it were spreads, but it won't appear on this page. So if you need to paste this into another page like this, that makes sure that you either have the same amount of spreads or single pages first before you do it. So in this case, I would come here and create. Spreads and then do a paste in place in order to get it in the right place. And then I can come here and delete this if I need to do it this way. When it comes to previewing your document and specifically in presentation mode. So over here, if I go into presentation mode, which is Shift W, and I just go through these pages. You can see that the sides here are the background is black. But on this particular page, this is also using black. So you can't really see it that well, if this was not going all the way to the edge, then it wouldn't be so much of an issue. But what we can do is actually choose the background color. So you can actually choose between white, gray, or black. And we have to do is hit the W, G, or B keys on your keyboard for each respective color. Sometimes you may be waiting for the body copy or content to be sent to you from a client or somebody else. But you would like to start designing or you've been asked to start designing first. So in cases like this, you can just use placeholder text in the meantime. So I'm just going to create a textbox and then come to type. And then go all the way to the bottom here and fill with placeholder text. And this will just give you some Lorem Ipsum, which is essentially just gibberish placeholder text like this. Come up again and place holder, and it will fill this textbox up. The last tip I want to show you is called step and repeat. And this is located under Edit, and then step and repeat. And the shortcut for that is option command. And you can use stepping repeat with pretty much anything. So textboxes, images and shapes. So let's start with the textbox, going to hit Option Command and U to bring up the step and repeat. So here you can put in the number of copies. So essentially this will make copies for you very quickly. So if I put in, say it's eight copies, you can see that nothing is happening. And that's because we had to come down here to offset and change the vertical and horizontal spacing for this. So if I had vertical spacing, you can see it's now showing you a copies. And I can also do this to the horizontal as well, or I can just do one or the other. So if I set this to zero, you can see now it's only going horizontal. Obviously, I need to increase the spacing here so that Hamlet can actually be seen properly. So let's just type in 50 like this. If I come down here and click on Grid, it will convert to rows and columns. So now we can create a grid of these. So obviously you have to come down here to vertical as well now and add some spacing to create this grid. So I can now do it to something like this as well. And this is just applying what we just used before for the textbox. So I can, I can change this back to 01.1. I'm just going to change this to one as well and this one. So now I'm going to create a grid of 5.5 and then start increasing these to space them out. So I can make this both the same to make it an even grid like this. And this is just a much quicker way than if I were to do this manually by holding option and then dragging out and then duplicating this way to create a grid. Now the reason why it's called step and repeat is because you can actually do a step first. So what I mean by this is I can actually duplicate this and then go into a step and repeat function. So let me duplicate this by holding Option and then clicking and dragging in and just dragging it here. Now if I use the step and repeat function, let me just turn off grid as well. First, you can see that it has followed in the same direction and placement as the first duplicate. So it's basically using the vertical and horizontal spacing of that last step. So if I were to say, move this anywhere else, like even here, and then again, do a step and repeat. Just make sure you have grit turned off. You can see that it has, again, just follow it in that same direction. And so this is how you can use stepping, repeat for various instances of copying and creating grids very quickly. 20. Lesson 19 - Preflight: So what is pre-flight? Well, it's actually a term barred from pilots. When they do a safety check before taking off. Indesign will constantly check for errors or issues in the document and let you know. Here, I purposefully created a bunch of issues with missing and modified links. And I've also disabled this typeface here, which if I selected, is called gummy. And you can see it's in brackets, which is telling me that it's unavailable. And also with this textbox here, it's currently has some text hidden. So it has some overset text. With these images. This one is currently missing, and this one is modified. And so preflight is a quick way of telling you before you go to export of any issues in this document. And how you get pre-flight up is by going up to window and then output and then pre-flight. Then here you can also turn this on and off if you wish. I'm just going to close this it much quicker way to open preflight is actually to come down here where this red circle is and where it says four areas. And so if I click this for errors, it will actually open up the preflight panel. And then down here we can actually see what areas we actually have. So if I click on these arrows here, it will drop down and it will actually tell me that we have some missing link and a modified link. So if I click this again and it will actually show me the name of the file. So that's this one. And space plants as well. Then in the texts we have some overset text, which is this down here, and a missing font. So I'm just going to close this. And now I'm just going to actually fix these issues. So firstly, I'm going to come into here and actually change this to a different typeface. So let's choose something like that. Then here I'm just going to open this backup. Now with this one, I'm actually going to replace this image. So I'll just use the shortcut Command D place. Then I'll just choose this image instead. And then here all I have to deal with this one is to come into the length and then update it by pressing this. And that will update it. And now we have looked down here, this red circle has changed to a green circle and it says no errors. So in terms of the preflight, there is no errors on this document. And you should constantly be looking down here to see if there are any issues. And before you go to export, specifically, because if there are issues, then we'll pick it up for you and then, you know, to fix it before you send this to print. 21. Lesson 20 - Save & Export: When it comes to saving in InDesign document, there's really nothing to it. Or you have to do is come up to File and then go save or use the shortcut Command S. And then you get this dialog box we're up here. You can then change the name of the documents. So I'm just going to call this Hamlet. And you can just choose your location. Now, down here where it says format and click here, you actually have three different options to choose from. In most cases, you're just going to leave this as the InDesign document. You can also create a template, which will just create a file that you can then use later on to start as a basis for a new document. And down here, you also have an IDML file. And this is a legacy format which will allow you to save this document to be used for older versions of InDesign up until InDesign CS4. If you know you're going to be sending this to someone else that is using an older version of InDesign, you'd have to select this version for them to open and edit it. However, depending on what version they're actually using, some functions of features may not actually be available or carry across properly. That would be in the newer or newest version of InDesign. So that's just something to be aware of. So let's now go ahead and actually select this first option and hit Save. So now if I go to the desktop, you can see that we have this IN D, D version not going to save again. And this time you can see that save has been grayed out because we've already saved this. This time, we can choose Save As which will just allow us to save another copy under a different name or a different type. So now I'm going to choose template, and I'm also going to name this template as well and hit Save. Then I'm just going to create another version as well and choose the last one. I'm just going to get rid of the template name and hit Save. Now, if I go to the desktop, can see that we have these three different versions. So IDML is the legacy format, so this allows us to use it with older versions. I N D T is the template and the normal document, or the newest version is just an INT D. And you can also see that they look different. So that's how you can tell which versions which if I just come back into here, again, you can see that we're using an I and d t. So this is a template. I'm just going to press on the regular document. So if I then have any of these saved documents and I'm working in it and then make any updates or changes. So if I change this color to say green, you can see a star has just appeared. Let me just undo that by hitting command and said, you can see that that star has disappeared. If I, again make an update this time, I'll just enlarge this image. The star appears. And this is telling us that we've now made an update since our very last Save. So now we should save this again if we wanted to save the changes that we've made. So I'm just going to go Command S, then that star has now disappeared. So it's important to frequently make a safe so that you don't lose any of your most recent updates in case InDesign crashes. And so that's how you save. I'm now going to show you what happens when you try to open up an InDesign file that was made from a previous older version of InDesign. So let me just click on this file and get information about it. And we can see here that this particular file was made in 2020 and is currently 2023. So it was made from a, an older version of InDesign. So I'm now going to double-click to open this. The first thing that appears is missing fonts panel. And this is showing up because I actually have fonts in here that isn't installed on this particular computer. But it is saying that some of these are a dope font, so I can activate these. However, the ones that are not Adobe fonts will be substituted with default fonts. But I'm not actually going to worry about this right now, so I'm just going to press skip. But I did want to show you is what it says up here next to the document name. It says converted. And what this means is that Because this InDesign file is from a previous older version of InDesign. It needs to make a conversion to the newest or current InDesign version. And so that's really all that means. So all you have to do now, as you can see, it hasn't been saved. So you just need to resave it again. So you can choose a different location or just leave it in the same location. And again, just leave the name as it is or change it to something else. Because we're going to have the same name and location. When we press Save, it's going to ask if we want to replace this older version now. So yes, in this case I do want to do this. So now that I've done that, you can see that converted has disappeared. And we have now just saved a new version of this older file. And that's pretty much all there is to it with converted files when you're finally ready to export. So that's when you want to save your document in specific file formats. You can do so by going up to File and then Export or using the shortcut command and E. So let's just do that now Command E. And now you get the Export window. So again, you can give this export a name, choose your location. And then you can come down here to choose your format. And generally you're going to be using either Adobe PDF and print in brackets, JPEG or PNG. And unless you know what all the other ones are or you have a specific need or requirement for the other ones, then you're just generally going to be using these three here. So we're going to start with J peg. So it makes sure JPEG is selected. And then I'm going to press Save. And then you get this Export window that shows up. So now you can choose which pages you want to export out. So you can select this and choose a range. So you can select specific pages or a range of pages if you have them. We currently only have one page, so it doesn't really matter here. So generally you have this one All which will export all of the pages in the document. If you document also has spreads, then you would want them to come out as spreads, then you would select spreads. But if you have spreads, but just want them to come out as individual pages, then you can just select Pages. And then here you can choose your image settings so you can have it on different qualities and resolution as well. If it's a higher or low resolution. Generally for print, 300 is the ideal resolution count. And if you're using anything for web or screen than 72 is all you really need. And then again, the color space. You can choose between these three. Again, anything for web or screen is RGB. And anything that's going to be printed out should be CMYK. So then, now I'll hit Export. And that will save it to wherever I saved it, which is in this case on the desktop. So now I have a JPEG saved. Now I'm just going to do the same thing. So it command E. And we're going to change this to PNG and hit Save. And this will just give you the exact same box. But before Piaget, the only difference between JPEG and PNG is that PNGs give you a transparent background as well. So I can turn this off if I wanted to, but in this case I wanted to leave this on to have the transparent background. So now I'm going to click Export. And now I'll have a look at this PNG file. And as you can see, the background is transparent. Whereas if I click on JPEG, we get the white background. And that's how you are exporting PNGs and jpegs. And now let's export out a PDF, which is the most likely file format that you're going to be exporting out from InDesign. So again, let's go up to File and then Export or Command E. And then down here I'm going to change this to Adobe PDF and print. And regardless of whether this document is going to be printed out or viewed on the web, or going anywhere digital. You would still choose this print option and not the interactive option. So an interactive PDF is where you actually place interactive elements in your document. Let me just cancel out of here. If I go up to Window and then interactive, you can see that we have a bunch of different options here. And so you would actually have to bring these into your document and design and then start applying these and setting up different actions. So it's quite a different type of interactive document that you'll be creating. And that's not generally what we do when we export. So you would just choose the typical Adobe PDF print. Then once you're ready to export this hit Save. And we get this window that appears, and this looks quite different to the JPEG and PNG exports. And it might seem very confusing at first, but don't worry, because I'll break this down into smaller sections for you. So over here, you can select any of these, and then the different options will change. And the three main ones that we generally need to worry about, the top three here. So general compression and marks and bleeds. So we'll just go through these ones and just briefly talk about these ones as well. Let's first go up to Adobe PDF presets. And Presets, depending on which one you choose, will set different parameters down here in the general tab or the Compression tab. It'll change some of the numbers and the image quality as well. So if I choose, say, high-quality print can see that it takes some of these here. If I choose a different one, it untested and also graze these ones out. So I can't even select these. And these different ones here, the high-quality print that's good for general printing. So if you're printing at home or if you're at work in an office, you can use this to print on a regular printer. I would skip 2,001.2002 as they're a bit outdated. 2008 is still good to use. Press Quality is the best preset that you can use. And if you are printing this and sending this to a commercial printer to print out, then I would select Press Quality. And then we have smallest file size, which is, as the name suggests, will create the smallest PDF file size for you. And this is really for if you're just going to export a test or it's just going to be sent to a client or an internal type of review, then this would be the best option for that. If I click on this and then I come over to compression, can see that these numbers here say 100, 150, and the image quality is low. If I change to any of these other ones, you can see that it changes to maximum and 304 50. So that preset here is the only one that changes the compression. And then we also have standard and compatibility. And these you don't have to worry about too much. You can select one if you want to, but these will be selected for you when you press a preset. So generally I like to use 2008 for just general printing. But if I'm going to be exporting and sending this for commercial printer, then I'll have it on press quality as well. So I've just gone ahead and added in some extra pages and just made some random mock-up designs with a spread as well included. So I'm just going to now export these by going command and E and just leaving this as Hamlet and save. So under the first tab, general here we have pages and viewing, and we also have options and include with pages. By default it'll be set to all, which means that it will export all of these pages. And if I have it on pages, it will also export these as individual pages. So let's just go into that now I'm just going to hit Export. And then it's exporting because we see this circle spinning here. And now it's created this PDF file. So let me just double-click to open this. And we can see now that we have these pages exported as individual pages. So this spread here is actually separated into individual pages. Let me just close that. So now let's go back into an export again. And it will just asked me if I want to replace an overwrite this existing file because it's the same name. So yes, replace. Now what I wanna do is hit spreads instead because I know that we have a spread here. So now if I click Export, and again it's exporting. And then I can open this PDF. And now if we take a look, we can say, see that these are individual pages here. But this one is a, it's coming in as an actual spread and which is what we want it. So if you ever have spreads and you want them to show up as spreads, then make sure to choose the spread option. So let's again create an export. So this time what I wanna do is I want to actually only export pages 1, 45.6. So I do that by pressing on the range instead. And then we have page one already. So now what I can do is go comma page four, comma page five, and then come up page six. And this will export only those pages. Alternatively, what I can do is instead of putting these commas here because I have pages 4 to six, I can make this a range. So instead of putting commas and I can put it in a dash. And so this will now skip pages 2 and 3 and 4 to six, Export as well as spreads. So now if I hit Export, it's exporting, it's exporting. And then now if I open this, you can see that it has only exported out pages 1, 45.6. Again, we will just go into the Export. Now over here we have viewing and these two options. So this one down here. If I check this, it will actually open the PDF reader immediately after exporting. And I generally like to have this checked because it just makes it much quicker instead of having to come over here and double-click on it. You can also have this checked as well if you would like to open this in full screen mode, but I'll just uncheck this. So now if I go to export and let it export, it will then open this immediately. And this is just much, much more efficient. So let's have a look at the remaining two options down here. So you can also have some of these ticked off as well. But they're not really all that important. It's mainly these two that you need to worry about. If your document also has bookmarks or some hyperlinks and included or some non-printing objects. These are grayed out at the moment because we haven't on a 2008 preset. If you have it on something like the high-quality, then you can actually take these as well. And down here we have the interactive. And again, remember that's to do with the interactive elements, which we don't have. So we don't have to worry about these either. Now let's take a look at the Compression tab by pressing on compression. And as I've mentioned previously, depending on which preset you have, will change the pixel values here and also the image quality. And really the only one that changes is the smallest file size, which will change it to low, and also change the values here. So all of these other ones, we'll just have the same 300 by 450. So as I said, I generally like to use 2008 for general printing. And sometimes if I'm just doing a quick test print, quick test export, or I wanted to have a smaller PDF file size. I might actually come in here and change this to a smaller value, like 150 or 100. Or if I want to make a really small file, then I'll choose 72 and I'll do it to the color images. So I want to change this to 100 and also to gray scale images to 100. Now before I do that, I'm just going to cancel out of this and go back again into the Export. I'm just going to change the name to two because we already have a an existing PDF called Hamlet. And I don't want to overwrite this. So let me change the name and go back into here and change the compression to 100.100. And now export this. Now this will open this hamlet to, and we also have this hemorrhoid here. I'm just going to bring this out so that we can have a side-by-side comparison. Now, there isn't much difference really. But in terms of the image quality themselves, because we've reduced the amount of pixels. If I zoom into this one and have a look, you can see that it's actually quite pixelated. If I do the same over here to our original, can see that it's a better image quality and not as pixellated as this one. So it may not matter too much depending on how far you're viewing this from. So if it's quite small than it probably doesn't matter too much in terms of file sizes as well. So let's get the file sizes up. You can see that the original one is 2.9 mb. And this one that we've changed to a smaller compression is only 979 kb. So if you have a very large document, then the compression will help in that sense. Now, in terms of the marks and the blades, you only need to worry about this if you're going to be exporting this document and then printing it. So if you're doing anything digital or it's going to live on the screen. Then it's not gonna be printed. Then do not worry about moocs and plates at all. But if you are going to print, so whether that's using your own printer or being sent to a professional print shop or a commercial printer, then you may actually need to apply some of these settings. And some commercial printers will also tell you exactly which options that they want. So it really just depends. So let's start with the bleed and slug section down here. So as I previously mentioned, the slug isn't something that we need to worry about. It's more for commercial printers to put an extra notes for themselves that run outside of the bleed area. We don't really need to check this one in terms of the bleed. So this document is actually using a three millimeter of bleed right now. So let me just exit out of here and use this page as an example. So here we have the red line, which is the bleed and to the edge of the page. So the space between the red line and the edge of the page is 3 mm. So if I come in here and I changed it to say 6 mm, can see that it has now increased. So whenever I have images that need to run past the page to go into the bleed. I just had to make sure that the image is passed the page. Generally like to butt up the image to the red line as well, or even past it if we need to. And that both works. So now that I have this, I'm going to actually move this pink box here to be in-between the red line and the edge of the page. And just make it the exact width. Now I'm going to go back into the Export and make sure that I have this page, page six, selected to export only and go to Max and bleed. Now, if I don't have this checked or manually typing the blade here, and I go to export. This is what happens. The bleed does not show up, so it's just exporting this showing only to the edge of this page. So let me just close this. And now this time I'm going to export, but have this box checked. When I check this, it will just automatically use whatever the bleed is set to in the document. So if I wanted to have some other value, I can manually set it here. But generally, this is pretty useful. So have this. And now when I go to Export, you can see now that this is actually also exporting, including the bleed area, which is where we have the pink rectangle here. Now I'm going to go through each one of these printers marks one by one so that we know what each one does. But firstly, over here we have type white and offset. And these have to do with how these printers marks are styled and their appearance. So under type there is no option. The weight, you can choose three different whites, but they're very subtle so you might not even see the difference. Then the offset has to do with where these printers marks are positioned relative to the edge of this actual page. So you can have this at zero if you wanted to, all the way up to 25.4 mm. So you can't go above that. If you try to type in something above that. We'll show you this morning. So let's just have this on 4 mm. And I'm just going to press on crop box first and going to also use page for five to 64 to six and make sure that's on spreads. And now I'll export. Then we can see that we have some crop marks appearing on all four corners. And if we go down and page we can also see that it has appeared on this one. So how you would use these crop marks is once you print out these pages, you then use a knife or a scalpel. And you go to these points here of where these two lines would intersect. So one there. And then you would start cutting from this line to this point, to this point, and so on to cut it up. If we go back to this spread, you do the same thing. And it also shows you some lines here on the top and bottom of where the middle fold is of this spread. So I'm just going to go back in here again and this time make a another one. Call it Hamlet two. And now I'm going to change this offset. So typically what I personally like to do is whatever the bleed is set to in the document, which is six. So I'll put in six, but then I like to add in another 0.5 millimeter. So now if I export this, you can see that the crop mark is actually just outside of the bleed area. So if I have a look at this one, compared to the first PDF, you can see there's a little bit of a difference where this one the crop marks run into the bleed area and this one does not. And that's just a personal preference of mine, but that's just something to be aware of. So I'm just going to leave crop marks chat and I'm going to come down here and check bleed marks as well and hit Export. Now, just like with crop marks, bleed marks are also these lines here. And really all it's doing is showing you where the bleed actually starts. But to be honest, there's really no real need to have these bleed marks showing. And the majority of the time, commercial printers will also not ask you to put in these marks, but it's really, they're just as an option if you need it. But most of the time, you wouldn't really need to do anything with it. So when it comes to registration marks, I've briefly mentioned them in a previous lesson when I talked about registration swatch. So registration marks look like this and they are made up of cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. And they go together when they are aligned. So inks print on top of each other. So if I started to put these on top of each other and align them up perfectly over each other. You can see that it now forms a dark gray when those colors are blended together. We also have the black here, which ensures that we also have perfect black. I'm just going to leave this out there. So when it comes to using registration marks, they will be applied to the outside of the document at a very small size. If any of those inks shift when you're printing, then you'll know because it will look something funky like this or this, or really any combination of shifting depending on how much the inks shift and which inks shift. And so this is how you are printers know if there's a Inc issue. The other way that registration marks used for double-sided printing. So when you go to print on both sides of the page, you will have the registration mark. And then on the other side you also have another registration mark in the exact same spot. So that when you put the sheet up to a light to see-through it, both of the registration marks on both sides of the piece of paper should align up together. And if they're not, then you know that one side has an alignment issue and has shifted. So I'm just going to export again and make sure that registration marks is checked. And then you can see that registration marks have been applied to the top and the bottom here, and to the sides, and here as well. So when you go to print out this document, if any of the colors shift out, then you know that there's a bit of an issue and you might need to check the printer to see if it's broken. Or you may just need to print again to get the right alignment. And finally, we have the color bars and page information, which when you check those, you will get the color bars and tint bars up here. And then the name of the document, the pages, the date, and the time as well. So let me just close this and go back into here. So as I previously mentioned, you can take all these printers marks. But generally you only really need to worry about having the bleed chat. And also just the crop marks, especially for internal or if it's not going to print. Most commercial printers won't really asked for all of these. So all you really need to give them would be bleed and crop marks. And if you're printing on both sides, then you would want to have registration marks turned on as well. Now, put the output. You don't really need to worry about any of this. Same with advanced as well. There's not really too much in here that you need to change. If you did want to put a password on this document or set any passwords for any editing or printing as well. You can set it to first change it to a different preset to enable these. And then the summary just gives you an overview of everything about this particular document. And depending on your preset, you may also get a little warning symbol here. And the morning is just telling you that the compatibility may not work. But you don't really have to worry about this because it, it should generally work fine. So every time you explore your document, there'll be a Progress icon that shows up this document. I've purposely made very large with lots of pages and these big images here so that the export takes longer. And in this document also, I've added in some images and a number of pages. So now I'm going to export this command and E. And I'll just call this Test and save and then export. So as you can see, we have this icon that travels around. Now if I hover over this, you can see that it says Background Tasks. So I can actually double-click on it to open up the background tasks panel. Now, I can see that this document is exporting and the percentage, if I wanted to, I can also export other documents at the same time. Now there's two expos running and it's showing the percentage. If I wanted to, I can also cancel these by just pressing the X here. And if I wanted to get the background tasks up at anytime, you can just go to Window, then Utilities, then background tasks as well. 22. Lesson 21 - Package: When you're finished with the project and you need to archive your InDesign file. Or if you need to send your InDesign file to someone else. So this could be to a client, another designer, or could be to the commercial printer that's going to print your work. Or if you need to work on this InDesign file on another computer that's not linked to a server. Then you first need to package up all of the elements that's connected to this InDesign document. So I'm specifically talking about any fonts that have been used in the document, and also to all of the linked files that you have in the document as well. And to package in InDesign file, you just go to File and then package. But before I do that, I'm going to show you what happens when I try to open an InDesign file that hasn't been packaged. So I created and saved this InDesign document from another computer and then copied it onto this computer without first packaging it. So I'm just going to double-click to open this. The first thing that pops up is this little warning that we have about missing links. So it's telling us that we have four links missing and that we can try and find and re-link them using the links panel. So I'll just press Okay. Then we also get this missing fonts morning. And again, this is telling us that the fonts that we have in this document, in this case has not been activated. So we can actually add a failure because they are a dope fonts. But if these were just normal system fonts or fonts that you had to install, then you wouldn't be able to activate it. I'm just going to press skip for now. So now that we're in this document, I'm just going to have a quick look through it. So we only have two pages. And I'm just going to press W to go into normal viewing mode. So if we have a look, you can see that we have some missing links here. So this is missing. These three files are missing as well. You can also see that they're missing in the links panel here. And also down here in the preflight. If a double-click and see that we have some missing links and missing fonts. This text here, you can see that it has been highlighted. And this is how you know that this is the wrong typeface that it's showing. So currently it's not showing what this typeface is meant to be. If we come up here, you can see this typeface is called Poppins, but it has brackets around it. And if I click into here, this one says Montserrat with brackets. This is how you know that this typeface is not available. It's either not installed or not activated, so it's just using a default font at the moment. If we have a look at this yellow rectangle and also this graphic, these are actually not affected because this is really just the shape that you can create an InDesign. So it's not anything special like a link or font. And then with this graphic, this has been pasted in. So it has been embedded into this InDesign document and it's not a link. Now these images here, you may be thinking that, well you can still see them. But the reality is that they're just acting as previews. So if I zoom into this, which is actually an Illustrator file, you can see that all of these edges here, I quite jaggedy, but they're actually meant to be very, very sharp. So it's not meant to look like this. If I come over here to this image and zoom in a bit, you can see that it's actually quite pixelated. So again, this image is meant to not be this pixelated and look high rates. So as these currently stand, then not ideal for exporting or printing. So when it comes to saving an InDesign document and sending it to someone else to open or to work on. It's really important to also package up all of the elements that's linked to it so that they can have all of the links and fonts in the InDesign document as well. So if your InDesign file is only going to live on one computer and it's not likely to be moved. Or if the InDesign file doesn't have any links or special fonts, then you generally don't have to worry about packaging. But now let's package up this InDesign file. Firstly, just make sure that you have saved your document. It won't actually allow you to package unless you first saved. And it will actually tell you to do this if you try to package without saving. So let's go ahead and save this and name it Hamlet. So to package, just go up to File and then package. And this window shows up. This window has these sections here, and these just give you general information about what's in the document. You may see a little yellow warning sign in summary, and also in any of these other tabs. So in this case we have a warning in links and images. And so this is telling us that we have five links that are in this document. But three of them are using an RGB color space, because this document is actually using a CMYK color space. So that's why it's saying that there is a bit of an issue. So you can choose to cancel this package and then replace those three images, whichever ones they are, with, a CMYK version of them using another editing program that's outside of InDesign. But you can just choose to ignore this as well. So now let's hit Package. And then once you've done that, you can choose to give this package of different names. We'll just leave it as it is. By default, it will automatically add the word folder at the end as well. So you can get rid of this if you don't want that. But I'm just going to leave that. Now, down here is where all the things that will be included in the package are. So by default, it has already checked off most of the important things for you. You can uncheck and check these two as well if you want to, but you don't really need to do that. These are already the most important things you need. When you go to package. It will copy the fonts and the linked graphics and then also make an update as well. If you remember, an IDML file is a legacy InDesign file that will allow you to work with older versions of InDesign. So it's important to have this here. And you can also have a PDF and choose the preset. So the PDF is good so that you can get a quick preview or whoever is receiving this package, they can just open the PDF and see what the document is without having to open the InDesign file. So now I'm just going to hit Package. And you may get this warning window that shows up. And this is just talking about font licensing. Because some of the fonts that you use in a document may have been purchased and licensed to be used by certain individuals or by whole companies. But in reality, you don't really need to worry about this, so you can just hit Okay? And you can also check this as well if you don't want to just show you again in the future. So I'm just gonna hit Okay, and now it's going to package for me. So now I'm just going to go to the desktop and you can see that our package folder is here. So if I now open this, you can see in here we have a folder with the fonts, a normal InDesign file. The IDML is the legacy one, a PDF. So you can just view this very quickly. And then it links folder as well with all of the files that are linked inside there. So these links here are actually now all connected to these InDesign files and not to the original files that are from the desktop here. And so that's how you package in InDesign file. So if you were sending this to another person, you would have to send this whole folder to them in order for them to have everything they need. 23. Lesson 22 - Brand Guidelines: So finally, I want to talk about brand guidelines. And you might also hear the terms brand style guides or brand books as well. And these are documents that an established brand or company will have. An provides a set of guidelines for its brand identity. Brand books or brand guidelines will pretty much include everything about the company. So things like the brand's mission, core values, messaging, strategy, and so on. It will also include all visual elements like the brands, colors, typography, graphics, icons, images, and logo variations. A style guide will typically only include the visual identity elements of a brand. And all of these documents from these different brands will look quite different from one another. And some might only be a couple of pages long or others will be much longer, like this discord, one that has 74 pages. And the point of these brand books and style guides is to ensure that there's visual consistency when any designs are done for these brands. So you'll typically be sent these by the client, or you may have to actually ask for them. And they should also provide you with all of the logo and font files that the brand users and I talked about in these brand guidelines. And a lot of these brand books and style guides are actually available online if you just Google them. And one of these websites that you can find some Is branding style guides.com. And it has a whole host of different style guides here that you can download and have a look at. So unless it's for a small business or a business that's just started up. When you're doing design work for them, it's going to become very common practice for you to read these documents and follow in their guidelines. 24. Project 1 - DL Flyer: Before I get into designing this flyer, I just want to first say that as a graphic designer or visual communicator, your job isn't just to make good-looking designs. Graphic design isn't the same as odd. The main goal of graphic design is to clearly and effectively communicate the intended message to the audience. And this really comes down to understanding the fundamentals of good design principles. So with that being said, I'm going to first design a simple DL flyer design. And then I'll make an improved version of the same flyer. So now let's go ahead and create a DL flyer. So I'm just going to hit Command and N to open up the New Document panel. And I'm going to type in 99 by 210 mm, which is the dimensions of a DL. And I'm also going to add in three mill bleed here. And now we have our documents setup. And I'm just going to open up the documents setup window and uncheck Facing pages because we're not doing spreads. It will also center the document. And I'm just going to bring in the body copy now the content of this flyer, which I've just completely made up. So I'll just copy and paste this in here and let me just open this textbox up. I'm just going to move it over here. I'm just going to press Command and K to bring up the Preferences and then go to Guides and pasteboard and also change the horizontal margins to something larger. So now you can see we have a much larger pasteboard to play around with. So I'm just going to start by pasting in the header here. So I'm just going to select this and copy and then paste this into its own textbox. And I'm just going to do the same here for the description. And just make sure I open this up so we see all the text and then also the details as well. I'm also going to turn on Hidden Characters now by going option command and I. And I'm just going to select all of this and disable hyphenation. And do the same thing for both of these textboxes as well. Now I'm going to change the typeface of this header. And I'm going to choose, I'm going to type in Rubik, which is a Google font, which I quite like. And I'll choose Rubik black regular. And I'll also change this typeface to Bambi. No. And we'll go with Bambi. No new regular. And this font at the moment is quite large. So let's open this up. And we can see that it's at 12 point, which is very large, especially when printed out. So let's bring it down to nine point. And let's come in here and start adding in some paragraphs by hitting the enter key once only and not creating a double return. Now if I select all of this and come up to the paragraph controls, I can put in some space after the paragraph like this. Let's put in 4 mm and you can see it has space this out quite nicely. But we have a widow here for businesses. So let's see if we can get rid of that by expanding this textbox. And that has fixed the issue. Now, I'm going to just close this up so it fits perfectly. And let's also now come into the details and change the typeface. So I'm just going to use the eyedropper tool now and just eyedrop this. So it's the same typeface and paragraph spacing. I'm going to change the weight to a heavier weight. So I'm going to choose bold. And I'm just going to also make this heading a lot bigger because it is a heading and it needs to be different and stand out from the rest. So let me just expand this out so that it can go over three lines. And I'm also going to change the letting while using the option and up and down arrow keys to change the letting space. And let's just make this all caps as well. Space this out a bit more here. And I'm just going to come down here now and change these title bits to a different ways. So let's do that now. And again, I'll just use the eyedropper tool to copy the same style, so it's a bit quicker. I'm now going to create a colored background. Let me just go over here and make a rectangle and make sure that it's the exact size to the bleed area. Let's make this a blue color like this. And as you can see, it's come out in front. So we have to move this to the very back by going Shift Command left square bracket. And I'm going to change this to a gradient instead. So let me just try the gradient panel out and hit the colors. Since we have this selected, just click and drag this into the gradient panel, and let's get rid of the white. Let's just make another point here and make this a dark blue. And get rid of the black swatch. And let's come up to the Gradient Swatch tool now and start dragging this to get the desired look we want. And this is looking pretty good. I'm just going to dock this backups because we don't need it anymore. Now I'm also going to lock this background by going command and L. I'm just going to select all this text and change it to white so that we can see it better. This is looking a little off balance, so I'm just going to make the heading a bit bigger. And also just again, bringing a bit more spacing back with the letting. Let me just bring these two down. And most of you are going to make the information down here bigger as well, because it's more important. And just come in here and make sure that these are on the correct lines. So let's bring down the VIP because it's meant to be on the next line. But now it's created a paragraph. So let's undo that and use Shift and Enter instead to do a soft return. Now this is looking not too bad, but I'm going to bring in an image. Now. I've found this image of some computer circuitry on the Internet. So I'm just going to place this in and make sure that it's larger than the document flyer and the bleed area are as well. And let me just drag this over like this. And let's also bring it to the back again by holding Shift Command left square bracket and then bringing it forward by going command right square bracket. Now if we take a look and see that it's actually quite hard to read the text. So I'm just going to select this image now and then come up to Effect and hit Transparency. And I'm just going to change the blend mode to something else. So let's have a look at multiply and I quite like multipliers, so I'm just going to go back and leave it on multiply. But let's bring down the opacity to something like 66. And see how that looks. That's not too bad, but let's have a little play around with the slider here. But I think six, around 60 is pretty good. So now we have made a pretty basic flyer. Before I continue, I just want to show you a couple of design resources you can use for inspiration. Because if you're trying to design anything from scratch, just looking at a blank document, it's going to be very hard. You're going to be experimenting too much and wasting a lot of unnecessary time. And if you're working as a freelancer or employee in a studio, then time is money. So the first one I want to show you is called Behance. And this is actually earned by Adobe. It's curated work from around the world. And you can come up here and just type in a whole range of things. So let's e.g. type in poster, poster design. And then it will give you lots of different results here from around the world of different people's poster designs. And if you wanted to see more of that project, just click into it and then you can have a better look at it. So if you're working on a particular type of design, then this can be an absolute great resource to draw ideas and inspiration from. The other one I want to show you is called Pinterest. And you may have heard of this one already. But again, it has many, many examples that you can draw ideas from. And it's perfectly fine to base your design off these examples. As long as it's not an exact copy. And that you make enough tweaks or variations to your own design. And you can even use design elements taken from multiple sources to influence your design. And this will just give you a much better starting point to work from. Also, the more that you look through different designs, the quicker and better you'll become as a designer yourself. Because you're constantly exposing yourself to good design and good design principles. So I highly recommend when you're starting out to frequently have a look at these two sites. And especially if you need ideas for a particular type of design. So now that I've gone through Pinterest and be hands for inspiration and design ideas. I'm now going to create an improved version of this flyer here. So the first thing I'm going to do is go to pages and then make a duplicate of this by holding down option and then clicking and dragging. So now we have another perfect duplicate of this. I'm just going to close this and I'm just going to get rid of this textbox here because we already have this text so we don't need it. I'm also going to unlock both of these objects here. So just go up to here and go unlock. And I'll just move this to the side here so that I can just focus on this here. So I'm also going to come back here and lock this again by going command and L. And I want to change all of these typefaces in these textboxes. So let me just select this heading here, and I'm going to choose Mark, small caps and black. And as you can see, the typeface here doesn't work for the 2023, so let me just delete that for now and I'll come back to it. So I'm just going to also make this larger. And I'm just going to leave it at 37 and makes sure that it's centered justified. And also in the middle of the page. And now I'm going to come down here and also change this typeface to accidents. Grotesque, extended and regular, which is down here like this. And this type is, comes out a little bit larger at this point size. So let me just select all this and make this a bit smaller. So I'm just going to make this seven. Actually, I'm gonna make it 7.50 point like this. And I'm just going to add a little bit of tracking in. So just adding 20. And there's a little bit of a widow here. So let me just play around with this textbox and that has gotten rid of the widow there, which is great. And I'll just close this up and align this to the page again. And then I will count down here as well and also change the typeface to accidents, grotesque. But I'm going to use extended and bold this time instead of regular. And again, I'm going to have to change the point size here. Let's make this eight like this. And actually want to also change the titles here and change the weight of these ones so they're a bit different. So let me just select this and change this to a medium. Then I'll just use the eyedropper to sample the different weights here. Let me just to these final two like that. Additionally, I also want to bring in some tabs to space these out. So I'm just going to use the shortcut to open the tabs tool and make sure this is left justified. Now let's have a look at which word is the longest. So let's like location is the longest word for the title. So wherever I put this tab mark has to be longer or past the location word. So I can't have it here. So I would have it somewhere about here is a good place. So now if I tab. It will go to that tab mock-up point. And for this one I have to rush through the press Tab twice. And now that I've done that is they are all aligned like this. So this is looking a lot more spaced out and legible. So let me just swap these two positions because I feel like the detail is more important. And I'm just going to bring these down again. And now I'm going to bring back the 2023. So let me just type this out. And I'm going to use the typeface Oswald, which is a Google font. And I'll just select Oswald bold. And I'm going to make this really, really large. So let me just increase the size here. I'm actually going to type this in and make this 100 point to make it really large. And let me just bring this to the top now and then bring this down. I'm actually going to make this even larger. So I'm going to type in 160 so that we only have a bit of this showing up on the fly like that. Let me just make a little bit more room and bring this down. And I'm actually going to bring the tracking and a little bit as well. First like this. I'm also going to bring it down a bit using the down arrow key. Now, I actually want to change the background color of this. So I'm just going to unlock this by going up here again. And remember that this was actually a gradient, but I actually want to go over here and change it to just the solid color. So I'm just going to select the fill and I'm just going to make it a darker blue hill. And I'll just lock this again. Now that I've done that, I also want to change the color of this 2023 here and also the technology conference. So I'm going to use change this to a yellow, which is a complimentary color of blue. So I'm just going to choose this musty color. And I also want to now change the color of this to yellow as well. So I could just come over here to the eyedropper and sample this. But if I do that, you can see that it's changed to the same typeface and the team size. So that's not what I want. So I'm just going to undo that. And instead, I'm actually going to come in here and select this, and then coming to the picker and go to the hex value and copy the hex value. Instead. I'm just going to now select this and then go into the color picker and paste that same hex value of this color. And press Okay, and now I have this color as well. I could have actually just done this by making a swatch. So I could have selected this and then right-click and then add to swatch first, but I just use the hex code instead. Let me just move this back up a little bit. So now that we've done that, this is looking pretty good. Now going to bring this image back on top and make sure that it covers everything like this. Let me just make sure it's aligned in the center. And I'm also going to come over here to the gradient feather tool and start clicking and dragging. The top bit is actually invisible now, it's creating a gradient feather like that. So that's looking pretty good. Now what I want to do is actually add in a border. So I'm first going to just come over here to create a rectangle shape. So let me just drag out this rectangle and I'm going to use the color yellow for the border as well. So let me just sample this yellow and bring this over here on top and just make sure that it's the same size to the bleed. And I'm going to bring this to the very back by right-clicking and going arrange send to back. Or I can use the shortcut Shift Command and left square bracket like that. So now it's at the very back. And it's being covered up so you can't actually see it. Let me just unlock the top elements first. Again. Let's select this is the image. So let's lock the image first and then select the blue. So now if I drag this in, we can see the yellow that's underneath. Let me just drag this in and drag the top and bottom in as well. And have a look of this. So this is looking pretty good. But I actually don't want the image to show up in the yellow area. I just wanted to show up in the blue areas here. So we need to actually first unlock this image and then adjust the frame for this image in. So let me just hold option and drag the size in. Both of the sides, come in and also the bottom and the top, so that it fits only within the blue area, like fat. And let me just select, let me just make sure that this is actually perfectly balanced. So I'm just going to come over here and make this centered again. And I'm going to select this now and also this blue together. And then press this blue again to select it and make it a key object. And then align it this way. So now this image is perfectly aligned to the blue. So this is looking pretty good. Let's just compare it to the previous version. This is looking pretty good in my opinion. I feel like we could add some extra bits in here as there's a bit of space there. So what I'm gonna do is just add a bit more room and I'm going to come over to the pen tool and create a little graphic that resembles the circuitry lines in the image that we're using as well. So let me just make a point and click here and then I'm going to hold Shift and then make another point so that it creates a perfectly straight line. And then while holding shift makes some more points here like this. So now we have this, this shape here, and at the moment there's no color applied, so it's invisible. So I'm just going to eyedropper this yellow one actually I drop it from here. And so now it's added a yellow fill to it. So we have to swap this back to a stroke. So now we have a stroke. And I'm just going to go up here to increase the point size as well. Like that. I'm actually going to make this a two-point, a bit thick, I think. And also come up here to stroke. And I'm going to come here and add in an end point graphic. So I'm going to choose the circle solid here. And it's come up on this side and I want it to show up on the other side so I can just swap it by hitting that button. Also going to now select this and then hold Option and click and drag to make a duplicate. I'm just going to drag this over here. Now I want to put this over here in this spot, but first I want to flip this. So I'm gonna come up here and flip this horizontally, and then also flip it vertically like this. And now I can put this up here to fill this space. And now it's like a contained area for this middle inflammation here. And I actually want to change the graphic here. So I'm just going to select circle instead. And I think it's a little bit big. So I'm also gonna come down here and just decrease the size a little bit to A25. So that's looking a little better. I'll just close that. If I now have a look at this, I feel like the world's center could go down to the next line to make a little bit more balanced. So I'm just going to go Shift Enter and then also press tab. And I'll just have to bring this back by back spacing like that. And now that's looking better, but I have to now re-center this. So let me just close this, close this textbox up and re-center this first. Have to change this back to align to page first. And now I can center align this to the page. Now that I've done that, I also need to adjust this so that it's alliance. Let me just move this back over and bring this in as well. And now let me also change the size down to seven point. But that's looking a bit weird. So let me adjust this again and maybe just drag this out further this way or just a little bit back in. And that's looking pretty good now, especially compared to the previous version. So now that I've done that, I'm going to save this now so that I can then export this. So export. And I'm just going to rename this as improved flyer and hit Save. And what the export, I'm just going to leave the preset as it is because it's fine and show that range is selected. We're on page two for this one. So it's page two. And this is a page and not a spread. So we can leave it on page. Just make sure that view PDF after exporting is also checked. We come down to compression. We can just leave this on 300 as printing is using 300. And then with the marks and bleeds, we do have bleeds in this document, so I'll check that. Then with the offset, just make sure that it's using the same bleed and plus 0.5. And for the max I'm only going to select crop marks so that I can cut it out once I've printed it. Then with these other ones, I can just leave them because they're fine. And then I'll hit Export. And I'm just going to hit Command zero to zoom this to fit to the viewer. Now we have a print ready PDF of this export with bleed and crop marks. 25. Project 2 - Business Card: I'm now going to design some business cards for a fake company that I made up called Klein. And I've also created this fake style guide. So we have the logo, the colors, and the topography to be used as well. And here we also have the logos in EPS format, which is a vector format. So I'm just going to come back to InDesign and create a new document. Now, I'm going to make this document 90 mm by 50 mm, which is a very standard business card size. As we can see here. Typically also like to use 45 sometimes, which makes it a bit narrower, but I'll just stick to the 50 mille in this case. And also come down here and add in three mil of bleed. And I'm going to change the margins as well and just decrease the amount here like this. That's looking good. So I'll hit Create now. Now we have one of the pages for the business card. Business cards are usually a double-sided. So I'm just going to add in another page and also bring up the documents setup and uncheck Facing Pages again like that. And now that we have these two, I'm going to now bring in the details for the business card. So here we have the details. I'll just copy this and paste this in so that we have these three different people and their details. I'm also going to bring this style guide in. So I'm just going to place this in. So let me just find this. It's here. And I'll just drag this in like this. So we don't actually have enough room on the pasteboard here. So let me just go Command K to bring up the Preferences and then the guides and paste board. I'm just going to increase the horizontal margins here and give this 150. So now we have a bit more room to put this style guide as well. So now that I've done that, I'm going to make this page the front of the business card. And firstly, I'm going to bring in the logos. So I'm just going to again place and go to the Logos folder and select all of these and bring these in. And let me just drag out a box here. And before I click, I'll just use the right arrow keys to bring in three grid like this. And let me just move this up so we can see all of them. And I'm also going to come up here and fit the frame to content so that the frames up to the size of the logos. So this is going to be the front of the business card. And I could just bring in one of these logos and actually want to use this green one because it looks the nicest. I'll just make sure this is centered. And I'm actually, I'm make this a bit bigger as well. And just have a look at that. So this is, it looks pretty nice. But I actually want to make the background green instead. So I'm just going to take this out. First. I'm just going to come over here and make a rectangle and make sure that it's going to cover the bleed perfectly. And now I'll come over to the eyedropper n Try to eyedropper this logo. And we get this little warning that comes up. And it's just telling us that if we try to drop off this logo here, it's not really going to work properly. So as you can see, the colors are completely different. It's not the right type of green at all. I'm just bring this to the front and you can see this is very different, so this won't work. So what I can do instead is just select this and come over here and have a look at the colors in the star guy here. So if I go over to the Eyedropper, sorry, the color picker and have a look. I can actually type these values in the RGB area, or I can use the CMYK values. But I'm just going to actually use the hex code because that's actually the easiest way to do it. So let me type in 15643 and B. So now we have this exact right color from the style guide. So if I just bring this on top now you can see that it's basically the same color. So you can't even see the logo, which is great. So we're not going to use that one and we'll just use the white one now and just make sure it's in front. So command shift and right square bracket to bring it to the front. I'm just going to lock this background so I don't accidentally select it. And I'll make this logo bigger now as well, like this. And it's looking pretty good. But I'm just going to nudge it down a bit because it looks a little bit unbalanced. So just using the down arrow key, like that. And that's looking pretty good. I quite like that. So now that we have got the front done, I'm going to actually bring all this information down to the second page now, start working on that. Okay. So I need to bring the details of Janet in first. So I'm just going to select this and then go Command X to cut it. And then I can just paste this into here like this. And just looking here, the topography that we need to use is called railways. So let me just select all this and come up to here and type in railway. And we have all these white here. So I'm just going to start with maybe using regular. So now I want to separate the name and the job title with the other details. So I'm just going to again select this and go Command X to cut it. And let me just make this smaller and move this down here. I'm just going to paste this back in now. Let me just make sure it's lined up to the margin here. Now that we have this, this is looking pretty good. So I need to make this a lot bigger and this information is smaller. So let me just select generic name and then change this to a different weight. So I'm going to use railway black. And I'm also going to then change this to maybe a medium. Then I'm also going to make the name a lot larger. So let's go with something like 19 or actually go with 18. And also make this a little smaller as well. So it's different. And then with the details down here, I want to make this smaller. So nine point. I'm also going to give this a little bit more space. So I'm going to add in some lettings. Let me just select this and use the option and down arrow key to add some lettering. And we have a look at this number here. You can see it's using the old style figure. So I'm just going to select this. And then I'm going to come up to window and type. And then open up the character panel so that I can come over here to Open Type and then change this to other tabular lining or proportional lining, and not any of the old-style ones. So let me just click on that. Now we have changed this to use proportional lining and let me just also put in some spacing here so it's a bit more legible. I feel like these titles here could actually be shortened, so I don't think we'd need the whole word here for email. So I'm going to change this to just the lowercase e for email, and then a lowercase m, and also a lowercase w, like that. And actually think we need a bit more spacing here. So I want to bring in the tabs tool. So let me just select this text box and open the tabs tool and make sure this is left justified. And I'm just going to put a marker somewhere around here because we don't need it too far. So about here's good. And then I'll just hit Tab for these ones like that. And now we can close this. And I'm also going to bring up the hidden characters as well, just to be sure. Actually want these to standard a bit more. So I'm just going to change the weight of these two, maybe a bulb like that. And I'm just going to eyedropper these two as well to change it. And I think that's looking pretty good now. Now I'm feeling like there's a bit of room over here, so we could probably put a logo. So let me bring this in and let me just make this a lot smaller though. And I'm just going to make this smaller. I'm just going to bring this down so it aligns better. So this logo isn't really aligning. Let me just make sure that this is to the margin. And this logo isn't really aligning, looking right because of the way it's designed. So let me just move this down so the rest of the letters actually line up and this is looking a lot more balanced. Now, the next thing I'm going to do is. I actually also to change the color here. So right now it's completely black, but I actually like to bring this down a little bit so it's more of a dark gray. So let me just select both of these textboxes and come back up here. Make sure I have text selected. And I'm actually going to make the tint something like 90. It's very subtle, but it just turns it into a dark gray instead of black. And I prefer that over pure black. So this is looking pretty nice if we have a look at the front and the back now, this is what it looks like. But I think we can add in one extra thing. So I'm actually going to bring the logo here and bring this to make a copy. So I'm going to duplicate this. And I'm just going to make, let me just move this. I'm just going to make this a lot larger now. So pretty much large enough to cover the whole background on this page like this. And let me just also make sure that this is sent to the back. Send to Back. And obviously this is not very legible at all. So let me just bring down the opacity to something really low. So it's just visible. So I think ten per cent is actually really good. And if you bring down the opacity, just make sure that you don't bring it down past five per cent because when you go to print, it actually doesn't really print. So just make sure if you're using opacity, just don't go below five per cent, otherwise it won't really work. So I think this is pretty good at 10%. And I'm actually going to move this so it lines up better with the small logo so that the that bit there, it looks like it's lining up. So this is looking pretty good. I quite like this. So now that we have the front and back finished, now we just need to add in the other details or make the other business cards here. So because all I need to do is replace the names and the details, I'm just going to come up here and make a duplicate of this page here by holding Option and dragging. I'm just going to move this over here. And then also I'm going to duplicate these two textboxes and I'll show you why I'm doing this in a second. So I'm just going to start cutting this and then pasting it in here. So as you can see, it's coming in as the same text as that. So that's why I have moved these over here. This way I can just eyedropper this typeface. And the same with this job title here. And then down here again, I can just copy this email address and paste this n. Let me just make this textbox larger. Realistically, I could have done this using making paragraph styles, but I'm just doing it in a lazy way. And again, let me just put some spacing in here. And we don't have to change the website because it's just the same. So this is Alexander done now. And so now I'm going to do the last one which is Jeremy. So again, I'm going to duplicate the page. And I'm just gonna get rid of these actually, because we don't really need them. Again, I'm just going to copy Jeremy's name and replace it. And also the shop title here. And then I can come back here and I dropped the original style. Just make sure we get all the information here and change this to a lowercases well, to be consistent with the others. And there we go. So now we have all of the different business cards. And we only need this one page for the front because that doesn't change. But the details do change. So let me just make sure I put in space there. So now we have three different business cards. Just going to save this and call this Kline business cards. And then come back up here and export this as well. And I'm just going to change the preset to the press quality, which is the highest. And yes, we do want to print it out. Sorry, I want to export all the pages, so I have it on all. And these are just pages. That's fine. That's checked. Yep. And leaving it on 300 for the marks and bleeds here. We do have bleed on the front page there. And need to change this offset 23 and then 0.5 as well. And I'm just going to include crop marks again. Then hit Export. Now we have the front page with bleeds and crop marks and also the other three individual names. And so this is all you really need to send to a printer, a commercial printer for them to print. 26. Course Outro: We've now reached the end of this beginner course. And I want to thank you for coming along and learning with me. If you do have any questions or would like some help, feel free to reach out in the discussions. Also, don't forget to leave a review and share any of your garden designs as well. And I wish you the best on your journey to becoming a graphic designer.