3 Minute Italian - Course 6 | Language lessons for beginners

1. Course 6 introduction: Ciao, event venues. Do, Hello and welcome to three-minute Italian Course six. This course contains lessons 45 to 53, and it follows on from 3-mer is having an cos five. Just like before, you can work through the lessons in this course in three minute chunks. Remember that if you keep your study time to just three minutes, you will maintain your enthusiasm for learning Italian. You're learning will become a daily habit that is easy to maintain. And you will remember new information much more easily. Before you start this course, make sure you are familiar with all the words and phrases we learned in courses 12345. As everything you learned in those courses will be used in this course to I hope you enjoy happy learning. 2. 45a - questions in the past tense: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson. How do you say in Italian? I haven't or I didn't. Non o. You haven't or you didn't? I or not have a day. Depending on who we're speaking to. If you're being informal and speaking to one person, you say non ie. If you're being formal and speaking to one person, you will use non. And if you are speaking to more than one person, you would say Nunavut day, how would you say he hasn't told he didn't? Louis nonna? She hasn't or she didn't. Lei non. Parallel hasn't all parallel, didn't Paolo? We haven't. Well, we didn't non IVR. They haven't all they didn't. Non unknown. In this lesson, we'll add a little more to the past tense, and we're going to look at questions in the past tense. So a few lessons ago, we learned how the past tense was made up of two parts. For example, in the phrase or Mankato, which means I have eaten, we have the word or, which means I have, and this is an auxiliary verb. Then we have Mankato, meaning eaten, and we call this a past participle. Then we learn by you can make this tense negative. Non norman. Jane Doe means I haven't eaten. And it's made up of the negative of the reverb, which is basically the normal Over the River with the word non in front of it. So we have the negative auxiliary verb nano, meaning I haven't, and then the past participle, Mankato, meaning eaten. So let's have a look at how we ask a question in the past tense. Well, in Italian, it's pretty simple. All you have to do is add a question mark and raise your voice at the end. For example, Amanda, Oh, man, gelato means have you eaten. It's made up of the question or auxiliary verb, which means have you. And then the past participle, man, John Doe, meaning eaten. So among gelato means have you eaten. So if means have you when it's used in a question, how would you say in Italian, Have you ordered or Donato? Already nato. 3. 45b - auxiliary verbs in questions: How would you ask any Italian, Have you eaten? Among Gatto, Mankato? Have you reserved a perinatal up Renato? Turning statements into questions in Italian really is just a simple as plunking a question mark at the end and raising your voice. We've already seen that the word can mean you have in a non question. And it means have you in questions. Let me just add one extra little snippets of information. The word can mean you have, he has or she has. So sometimes it's wise to add a clarifier. If you put lay with the word, then it can only ever mean you have. You can put that lay in front or after the word. And this goes for questions as well as non questions. So LE or at Les can own mean have you in a question or you have in a non question. But other than that, it's pretty easy in Italian to form questions in the past tense. The auxiliary verb is exactly the same, or you have to do is put a question mark on me and, and radio voice. For example. Unknown means they have and unknown means have they. If you put passport his balls on the end of any of these, you have a statement and a question. I know Mankato means they have eaten a statement and momenta, don't have they eaten? A question? So how would you ask in Italian? Have they ordered unknown already? Naruto and no, oughta be not. Do have they eaten? And Norman gelato and no man gelato. Have they reserved? And no perinatal motto? And NOP Renato. Let's have a look at the list of all the reverbs again. And this time we'll look at their meanings as questions. So o means I have or in a question, it means have i. I is you have or the question it means have you Louis? He has or has he lay our means? She has. Or the question, Has she? Paula means Paulo has or in question, has Paolo? Lay? Means you have or the question it can mean have you. And just a reminder that the word lay when it has a lowercase l means she, but lay where it has a capital L means you. Abby, AMO means we have or in a question it means Have we are VT. Is you have a question. It means have you. And unknown means they have. Or in the question it means have bay. 4. 45c - past tense quetion practice: So the question or auxiliary verbs in Italian, where all I, Louis, lay, lay at the ammo and unknown. So how would you ask any Italian? Have I eaten? Oman, Django, or man jackal? Have you eaten? I gotta lay Amanda. Oh, man, Dato. And the lay Amanda Apple one delay is optional. And so is only needed if it's not clear that you're talking about you rather than he or she, because the phrase Amman Jordan can actually mean Have you eaten, has he Ysom, or has she eaten? So the lay just makes it clear that you're speaking about you. How would you ask in Italian, Has he eaten Amanda? Louis? Amanda? Has she eaten lay? Amanda? Has Paolo eaten Paolo, Amanda, Apple, Paulo among gatt WTO. Has Maria eaten? Maria? Maria. Have we eat? And I'm I'm Yammer. Have they eat and how would you ask have I waited? All aspects. All aspects. 5. 45d - past tense question practice: How would you ask any Italian? Have you waited? I lay I've eight-day aspect. Has he waited? Louie? Louie aspect battle. Has she waited? Lay aspect. Has Paolo weighted? Paolo aspect. Paolo aspect. Has Maria weighted maria. Maria aspect. That'll have we waited. Have they waited? Aspect Dato. I finished? Or finito? Often Ito. Have you finished? I finito lay our finito. Finito. Has he finished? Finito? Louis finito. 6. 45e - past tense question practice: How would you say in Italian? Has she finished? I finito lay our finito. Has Paolo finished? Our finito? Paolo finito. As Maria finished. Maria finito. Maria finito. Have we finished finito? Finito? Have they finished unlawfully Nieto and off the needle. So in this lesson, we've looked at the auxiliary verbs as questions. In Italian. We've had o, meaning have i. Then we have the three different ways of saying have you, I lay and I've eight day. Or Louis means has he or lay our means. Has she? Paula means has Paolo. I've YAML, have we? And unknown means have they? Or you have to do is put a passport visible on the end of all those. And you've got a question in the past tense in Italian. 7. 45f - let's practise - English to Italian: It's time now to practice what we've learned in this lesson. How would you say in Italian? Heavy water, some wine. I already now today vino. Already NAPL del vino. I've eight they already NAPL del vino. Have you received a table for tonight? I lay up. Has Maria finished everything? Maria, our finito 2to. Maria. Has he seen the car? Louie. Louie, our vista law, kina. Have we done everything for tomorrow? Umami. Umami. Have they taken the tickets for the train? Have you made dinner? I lay her she lost the key for the room. Lay lay up. Beta-lactam meta. Forget that in Italian there are two past participles for the verb to lose. Or how would you say, has Paulo sold the house? Paolo oven due to La Casa? Paolo avid due to La Casa. Had they chosen the wine? 8. 45g - let's practise - Italian to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. What are these Italian sentences mean in English? Or have I forgotten something? Cloudy? Cloudy. Has Claudia brought something for lunch? Men Du Bois? Have they sold the car? Louie? Louie di interessante. Has he chosen at anything interesting? I think Sono. I finito Sono 18. Have you finished? It's 05:00 PM. Ibm appraisal. Ibm appraisal. Have we taken powerless qi de facto. Have you done everything? I know VSCO. Have they seen this film? Les Cafe, 2to cafe, drink the coffee. Ipa support the, I support the have you forgotten the passports? 9. 45h - let's recap - English to Italian: What we'll do now are some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How would you say in Italian? I don't have the tickets with me. Non-law EBSD con me Nano EBSD. Is it very far from here? Is it possible for me to try the wine? The provider. The provider, excuse me, as no television in my room. Non ci television, school Zi Ji television. There are always lots of things to see in room. Tesol, no sampling multicores. Json, not simply multicores is what you want to buy for breakfast tomorrow. Cause I've only goes up volley combative. Or you can say k or get-go Zan. How would you say I'm going to do that tomorrow? Stop emphatic way. Stop F5 equalled. O Doumani. The have any postcards of the city? I gotta lay in Delhi cartilage, delta. Delta. Where other souvenirs I would like to buy something from Milan for my moon. Novice or not, is to be mere volume. Well, Casa di Milano, Permian Madre, novae, supernovae souvenir volume. There is a good restaurant here. J, one restaurant. One restaurant. 10. 45i - let's recap - Italian to English: Now let's do some Italian to English recap translations. What are these Italian sentences mean in English? A drop-off map there may a tropic color. There is a television in the room, but I think it's too small. Superman account aqui Regina J supermarket, OK. We know there's a supermarket near here called gamma, goes out to our beta gamma. What is that to do in Bergamo? A. Oh, I have a sister and a brother. Nonaka Eugenie nano Coogee, me. I didn't have any cousins. A Stato squeezy. Status cuisine. That was delicious. Thank you. A o. We already know. I ate yesterday and I ordered the POC voice or voice or denied a DMA D1 to order the same thing as me. Appraisal. Appraisal. I've caught a cold. Maria ME CENP-A Malia or de Maria, a staff Amato, a mise-en-page O'Malley or Maria was very El yesterday. And I feel today. 11. 45.5a - questions in the past - two meanings: Questions in the past. Let's have a quick half lesson to talk about another problem that exists in English, but not in Italian. If you look at the sentence, lay among Gatto, lay among gelato. It means Have you eaten les among gelato? And it's made up of the auxiliary verb Lei, which means have you, and the past participle man data, meaning eaten. In English, However, there are two ways to talk about the past tense in questions. You can translate lay among gelato, either as have you eaten or did you eat? Thankfully, in Italian, it's just one way of saying it. So whether you want to say, Have you eaten only do eat, it's always lay among gelato. So how would you say in Italian? Have I eaten? Amanda? Oh man, Django. Did I eat? Among Django? Omen, Jap. Have you eaten? Iman yada? Lay among gelato, a vitamin data. Did you eat? I Mankato, lay among Django. I've AT Manhattan. Has he eaten louie? Louie among data? Did he eat Louie? Louie, Amanda? Has she eaten lay? Lay among jackal? Did cheat. Lay, lay among gelato? Has Paolo eaten Paolo, Amanda Apple, Paulo, Amanda Apple? Did Paolo eat Paolo among Jampel? Paolo among Jampel? Has Maria eaten Maria, Amanda? Maria. Did Maria eat maria, Amanda, Medea? Have we eaten? Ibm, Oman, Mankato. 12. 45.5b - two meanings - practice: How would you say in Italian? Did we eat? I'm Yammer Myeong-ja. Ibm on Monday I have eaten. And Naaman, Django, Mankato. Did they eat? And momenta? And Naaman data. Have I waited? Or aspect Dato or aspect Dato. Did I wait? Or aspect? Or have you waited? I lay aspect of it. They asked. Did you wait? I lay ascii data. I've aid the aspect ato. Has he waited? Louie Louie aspect that oh, did he wait? Louis aspect Dato. Louis aspect. Has she waited? Aspect that DO lay aspect that oh, did she wait? Lay lay aspect that DO have Paolo weighted. Paulo aspect, Totto, Paulo aspect Dato. Did Paolo weight. Parallel aspect that Paolo has Maria weight is Medea. Medea aspect that Apple. Did Maria Wait. Maria. Maria aspect that DO. Have we waited. I've Yamaha spit Dato. Did we wait? Yaml aspect that'll have they waited. And no aspect of unknown aspect that oh, did they waned? Unknown. Unknown aspect that though. 13. 45.5c - two meanings - practice: How do you say in Italian? Have I finished? All finito or finito. Di finish. Or finito. Or finito. Have you finished? I finito lay Afinitor. Or did you finish? I finito lay our finito. Evade the finito. Has he finished Afinitor? Louis finito? Di di finish. Louis Afinitor. Louis finito. Has she finished les Afinitor? Lay our finito. Did she finish lady Afinitor? Lay Afinitor. Has Paolo finished parallel Afinitor? Paolo finito did parallelly finish. Paolo Afinitor. Paulo are finito. Has Maria finished? Maria Afinitor? Maria finito. Did Maria finish? Maria finito? Medea finito? Have we finished finito? Ibm or finito? Did we finish IBM or finito? I'm Yammer finito. Have they finished? And morphine EPA. Did they finish? Finito? And often ITO. Have you reserved a table? I print out Apple. Lay up. Did you reserve a table? I lay up. Have you brought power law with you? I lay upon only evade the portico Paolo convoys. Did you bring Paolo with you? I pour tata Power Law contain lay upon lay a vapour tap Apollo convoy. 14. 45.5d - two meanings - practice: How would you say in Italian, Have you forgotten? I demand staccato. Lay adamant staccato. Staccato. Did you forget? Lay adamant, dick out, oh, I bet they have you chosen? I shall lay. Did you choose? I shall lay. Have you finished? I finito lay our finito. Finito. Did you finish? I finito lay our finito. I vet the finito. Have you lost the car? I pair Salama kina. Lay bare. Salama kina. Did you lose the car? I bear Salama kina. Lay a bear. Salama kina. Have you sold the car? Ivan. Ivan. Did you sell the car? I've been due to llama kina, lay oven, dupatta, macula, vendors. Have you drank any wine? I lay del vino. Vino. Did you drink any wine? I lay out a Bhutto del vino rosso vino. Have you done everything? I factor to lay toe-to-toe. Did you do everything? I facto to lay toe-to-toe? I've had de facto to. Have you seen Paolo Ivy's top Paolo lay our vista Paolo. Did you see Paolo Ivy's top Paolo lay our vista Paolo. Have you taken the key? I praise or like ERV? Lay appraisal. Appraisal. Like ERV. Did you take the key? I lay appraise like yummy. Have you learned? I embark. Did you learn? I Have you understood? I can veto. Veto. Veto. Did you understand? I lay veto. Veto. 15. 46a - negative questions in the past tense: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson. How do you say in Italian, have I or deny or have you, or did you I lay or has he or did he Louis? Has she or did she lay? Has Paolo or did Paolo? Paolo. Have we, or did we add yam? And have they, or did they unknown? In this lesson, we're going to look a little more in the past tense and we're going to look at negative questions in the past tense. So a few lessons ago, we learned how the past tense was made up of two parts. For example, or Mankato means I have eaten and it's made up of an auxiliary verb or meaning I have, and the past participle, Mankato, meaning eaten. Then we learned that we can make it negative. For example, non-human gelato means I haven't eaten. And that's made up of a negative auxiliary verb and then a past participle. After that, we learned that we can put it into a question simply by putting a question mark on the end. For example, lay man data means have you eaten? And that's made up of a question of the reverb and the past participle. So to change them, or we have to do is change the auxiliary verbs. Well, in this lesson, we're going to look at how to make it into a negative question. And so all we need to do is make the question of the river negative. For example, lei non around gelato. Lei non Amanda oto means haven't you eaten? And it's made up of lei non, meaning haven't you, which is a negative question over the reverb. And then the past participle, Mankato, meaning eaten. So if lei non means, haven't you, how would you say in Italian, haven't you ordered lei non our ordinary auto lay nonna coordinator. Haven't you eaten? Lei non Amanda. Lay non Amanda. 16. 46b - negative auxiliary verbs in questions: How would you say in Italian, haven't you reserved lay, non-opioid battle? But don't forget that there is more than one way to say you in Italian. In fact, there are three ways that the informal singular, the formal singular, and plural. So all you have to do to make them negative is put in front of them. So you can either have non-IT, pulling our battle, lay, non-accountable, non-diabetic motto. And they all mean, haven't you reserved in the negative? If you want to use the word lay, as you've now seen, you should put it in front of the non. So lei non means haven't you? The same goes with Louis and lay, meaning he and she. So Louis nano means hasn't he? And lei non means hasn't she? Don't forget that the words lay Louis and lay our optional. So you don't have to use them. The only reason we have them is because naan, by itself can mean hasn't he, hasn't she? And haven't you? So you only really need to use the Louis lay or lay if it's not clear whom you are referring to when you use non-art by itself. And just in case you're wondering, the gradual name for Louis, lay and lay meaning he, she and new is subject pronouns. And lay meaning she is spelled with a lowercase l. And Les, meaning you, is spelled with a capital L. So no matter what auxiliary verb you use or you have to do to make it negative is put non in front of it, for example, and nor is halfway. So non-annual means, haven't they? So how would you ask, Haven't they ordered nano already? Napa, non-animal, ordinary people? Haven't, they've eaten non-animal Jaffa, non-animal data. Haven't they reserved a table? Nano Plano tattle. Hello. Non-animal printed out on w. So we've already had the question of the reverbs. They were meaning have I I, meaning have you Louis? Has he lay? Has she Paula? Has Paulo lay. Have you had AMO? Have we have you and unknow have v_a. And to make them negative, or we have to do is put in front of them. Nano haven't di non, i haven't you. Louis? Non. Hasn't he? Lei non. Hasn't she? Paulo non. Hasn't Paolo lei non. With a capital L, haven't you? Not IVR. Haven't we? Nunavut, haven't you? Non-animal, haven't they? And all you have to do is put a past participle onto the end of any of those, and you have a negative question in the past tense. So how would you ask any Italian? Haven't I eaten non-normal data? Nano, Mankato. Haven't you eaten non-ischemic data? Lei, non Amanda. Nunavut demand data. Hasn't he eaten? Louie? Louie, non-harmonic data. 17. 46c - past tense negative question practice: How would you say in Italian? Hasn't she eaten lei, non Amanda? Non-normal data? Hasn't Paolo eaten? Paolo? Non-human data? Paolo non-human data. Hasn't Maria eaten Madea non Amanda. Medea? Non Amanda. Haven't we eaten? Non non IBM Amanda. Haven't eaten non-animal data? Non-animal. Haven't I waited? None or aspect data. Nano aspect Dato. Haven't you waited? Non aspect. Lei non aspect data, non-survey aspect. That hasn't he waited. Louis non-aspirin. Louis non-aspirin data. Hasn't she waited? Lay non-aspirin. Non aspect that hasn't Paolo weighted Paolo non-aspirin data, parallel nano aspect data. Hasn't Maria weighted maria, Maria non-aspirin data? Haven't we waited? Aspect. 18. 46d - past tense negative question practice: How would you say in Italian? Haven't they waited? Non-annual hospitality, non-animal aspect that Don haven't I finished nano finito? No, no finito. Haven't you finished non-infinite? Lei, non affinity. And motivate the finito. Hasn't he finished? Louie? Louie, nonna finito. Hasn't she finished? Lay nano finito. Lei non finito. Hasn't Paolo finished? Paulo, nano finito. Paulo, non-null finito. Hasn't Maria finished? Maria? Maria nano finito. Haven't we finished? Not IBM or finito? Not IVR more finito. Haven't they finished non-animal finito? Non on-off finito. So in this lesson, we've learned how to form the negative questions in the past tense. And we've learned the auxiliary verbs, nano, meaning haven't tie. None, I, lay Nonaka and Nunavut they all mean, haven't you? Louis? Is hasn't he? Lei non, hasn't she? Power-law. Nonaka means hasn't Paolo? Non IBM more, Haven't we? And non-animal means haven't they? And you can put any past participles onto the end of these. And you have negative questions in the past tense. 19. 46e - let's practise - English to Italian: It's time now to practice what we've learned in this lesson. How would you say in Italian? Haven't they chosen non nanoshells? Non-annual shelter? Haven't we finished non-avian ammo finito, non IBM or finito. Hasn't Maria cold? Maria. Maria, non-active tomato. Haven't you eaten today? Non. Non Amanda. Nunavut demand data 1G. Haven't you tried the orange juice is delicious. Non-ideal. Exquisitely. Lay non-Apple bottle into a squeeze ITO. Non-diabetic, predatory sukha, danza, a squeezy. Hasn't he ordered any red wine? Louis non Our deniable vino rosso. Louis, non-orthogonal Toby no, Rosseau. Hasn't she told Paulo layer, non-ideal. Non-ideal. Hasn't seen this film. Movie, spoke west of film. Carlo, non-obese Proquest TO film. Haven't they paid the bill? Non-animal legato econ. Non-annual legato econ. Haven't we hide the car for two weeks? Non-harm Yamanaka Jampel, EMOC, Ina, Purdue is a non-obvious knowledge Apple iMac enough, Purdue is a demand. 20. 46f - let's practise - Italian to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. One of these Italian sentences mean in English. Monopolar tau2 token may, non-operative, topotecan mayor. Haven't I brought everything with me. Louie. Louie hasn't taken the milk. Not I'm Yammer Bogata to non IBM or Bogata to having we paid back everything. Non-ideal. Non-ideal. Haven't you reserve a table for tonight? Sophia. Sophia nano parallel to con Paolo. Hasn't so fear spoken with Paolo. Non-animal. Non-animal. Haven't they eat and everything? Lay lay, robot. Hasn't she found the key for the room? While this gross, I mean, haven't you found the key for the room? Louie. Louie, non-appearance. Hasn't he lost the passports? None of Yammer Porter dialogue, not IBM, more portable troppo. Haven't we brought to MOOC? Nunavut? None of eight They haven't you lead not. 21. 46g - let's recap - English to Italian: What we'll do now are some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How would you ask an Italian? Can I buy the same thing as Alina? Boston? Last parcel company, last ISACA, the LAN excuse me. How much is it for tonight's school? Z quanto cost up Arduino D E Acasta Purdue in on the take the exit towards Room at the Roundabout. Brenda Lucida, verso Rama rotunda. Brenda Lucida verse aroma, rotunda. These carriers are absolutely terrible. Quest. They cannot, they saw no absolute demented early midi. Quest. They cannot, they saw not absolute demented early midi. I've caught a cold again. Appraisal Ankara, or preys on Quora. I'm not going to hire a car because the boast is always very good. Nonstop, better knowledge, Aluminium AC kina, bear, gelato, moose is simply molto guano. Nonstop, better knowledge area on our map, kina, perky Laudato moves a simpler. I'm going to try something Italian today. Stop bear provided quite Gaza. The Italiano stopper provided quite Gaza, the Italiano G. And we'd like a bigger television because television is too small for me. On television, for a Pew grandly bear gateway Stata Love is a troppo P. We're re, on television for a pure grandly better gay quest or television or a enteropathy. Compare me. Where's the train station? Federal VR area. I would like a room with a balcony, please. Con una camera balcony. 22. 46h - let's recap - Italian to English: What we'll do now are some Italian to English recap translations. What do these Italians and does this mean in English? Eeprom stock, we simply motor one, ma, molto Carol implants aqui assembly, molto Borno, monkey, a molto Carrow. The lunch here is always very good, but it's also very expensive. Risk elemental dilemma, carmina noncount C1a, ill, risk alderman. Mira, non-functional RNA. The heating in my room doesn't work. We're a doable yet DD and data a ritornello, Milano. We're re do we believe the data are Milano. I would like to return tickets to Milan. Lynn delete, so a V, dV van de linear it. So del Alma ergo a via DVB Nili van de. The hotel's address is 20 via D. Criminally post-war Very dewy cafe pair Fabulae, post-war very do a cafe. Can I have two coffees, please? Tinker a euro Alaska demand. Constituting a euro Alaska demand. It's €5 per week. Mi piace il vino rosso. Vino bianco. Mapr jail vino rosso. Vino bianco. I like the red wine, but I prefer the white wine. Goes up on popu Glenda. I would like something a bit bigger. Postal can be either a llama player on a pair of a pair. Iota. Post-war can be either a llama, perinatal Xian, AP50 array, a portray persona Yoda. Can I change my reservation, please? It's for three people. Noun. 23. 46.5a - negative questions in the past - two meanings: This is just another one of those quick lessons to talk about yet another little problem that exists in English, but not in Italian. Negative questions in the past. We now know how to form negative questions in the past tense in Italian. For example, lei non Amanda. Lei non Amanda means, haven't you eaten? And it's made up of a negative question over the reverb lei non, meaning, haven't you? And then a past participle, Mankato, meaning eaten. So lay non-human data means, haven't you eaten? But in English, there are two ways to talk about questions in the negative past. You can either say, haven't you eaten or didn't you eat. Thankfully, in Italian there is only one version. So no matter whether you want to say, haven't you done something or didn't you do something? In Italian, you always use lay, mana plus a past participle. So how would you say in Italian, haven't I'd eaten non-normal Jaffa? Non-normal data. Didn't I eat? Non-human gelato? Non-human jab DO haven't you eaten non-image arpa? Lei, non Amanda. Nunavut demand gelato. Didn't you eat non-human Jabal? Lay non-human gelato, Nunavut, Damon, Japanese. Hasn't he eaten louie? Louie nano Mankato? Didn't he eat Louie? Louie, non Amanda Apple. Hasn't she eaten lei non Amanda? Lei non Amanda. Didn't she eat Lei non Amanda? Lay non-human data. Hasn't Paolo eaten? Paulo? Non-aligned data, power-law, anonymized data. Didn't Paolo eat? Paulo, non-image Apple, Paulo, non-human, Jaffa. 24. 46.5b - two meanings - practice: How would you say in Italian? Hasn't Maria eaten? Maria? Maria nonna Mankato? Didn't Maria eat? Medea? Medea not I'm adaptable. Haven't we eaten? Yammer when John Doe, not IBM, Amanda? Didn't we eat non-avian Rwanda? Non-avian moment. Haven't they eaten non-animal dabble? Non-animal data? Didn't they eat non-animal Mankato, non-animal gelato. Haven't TI waited. Nano aspect. Non-law aspects. Didn't tie weight. Nano aspects, non-law aspects that don't have a new weighted non-aspirin Dato Lee. None of it. They ask me that Apple. Didn't you? Wait. Non I asked lei non ascii Totto Nunavut. They asked Fatah, hasn't he waited? Louis non-aspirin. Louis non ascii Totto. Didn't he? Wait. Louis non-aspirin Dato. Louis non-aspirin data. Hasn't she waited? Lay lay non-aspirin Dato. 25. 46.5c - two meanings - practice: How would you say in Italian? Didn't she wait. Lay, lay, non-aspirin Stato. Hasn't Paolo weighted? Paulo, not ISP Totto, Paulo non aspect that oh, didn't Paolo weight? Paulo, not asked. Paulo. Non ascii Totto. Hasn't Maria awaited Medea. Medea, non ISP Totto. Didn't Maria Wait. Maria non-aspirin Totto, Maria non ISP Totto. Haven't we waited? Not IBM or aspect of non-ideal MOS beta2. Didn't we wait. Non-avian will spit out oh, no labia, ammo as beta. Haven't they waited. Nano I spit out oh, non-annual hospital. Didn't they wait? Non-animal respite, non-analytic spit Totto. Haven't I finished everything. Non affinity toe-to-toe. None of any toe-to-toe. Didn't I finish? Nano finito. Nano finito. Haven't you finished? Non-it finito lay monotony. None of it. The finito. 26. 46.5d - two meanings - practice: How would you say in Italian? Didn't you finish? Non-it? Finito lay not affinity. Do nonnegative. Finito. Hasn't he finished? Louis? Not have finito. Louis finito. Didn't he finish? Louisiana finito. Louis nano finito. Hasn't she finished? Lei non finito lay nano finito. Didn't she finish? Les nano finito lay nano finito. Hasn't Paolo finished? Paulo Nala finito. Paulo nulla finito. Hasn't Maria finished? Maria Nala finito. Medea nulla finito. Didn't Maria finish? Mariana finito? Maria none, I finito. Haven't we finished non-avian or finito? No labia homophony. Didn't meet finish. Now the ammo finito. Non-obvious. Ho finito. Haven't they finished non-animal finito nano finito. 27. 46.5e - two meanings - practice: How would you say in Italian, didn't they finish? Nano, nano finito? No, nano finito. Haven't you reserved a table? None. I printed out downtown. Hello. Hello. Hello. Didn't you reserve a table? Non-ideal? Lei, non soprano, alto and Babylon, non mimetic. Tablo. Haven't you bro Paolo with, you know, unipolar Tata power Lacan, tay lay, nanopore, Tata power Lacan, a Nunavut, dipolar Tata Power Law convoy. Didn't you bring powder with, you know, unipolar Dato Paolo contain lay monopolar, Tata Power Law, con lei MANOVA, Tata Power Law, Conway. Haven't you forgotten? Non-identical. Lei, non adamant staccato. Staccato. Didn't you forget? Non-identical staccato. Staccato. Haven't you chosen non-ischemic? Lay non-ischemic? None of it. The shelter. Didn't you choose non-ischemic? Lay Nash alto? None of it. Haven't you finished non-IT finito. Lay. Finito. No innovate the finito. 28. 46.5f - two meanings - practice: How would you ask any Italian? Didn't you finish? Non-infinite? Lay nano finito. None of it. The finito. Haven't you lost the car? Non-it pair Salama kina, lay Nala pair Salama kina, non-event, the better Salama kina. Didn't you lose the car? Non-hybrid Salama kina, les nulliparous, ulama kina, Nunavut, the better Salama kina. Haven't you sold the car? Non-event Nutella MacKinnon, lay non-avian Deuteronomy, non-adaptive. And do Salama kina. Didn't you sell the collar? Non-avian do TVD, kina, lay, novel, Nutella McKenna, even Deuteronomy McKenna. Haven't you drink the wine? Non-hybrid 2to vino lay Nabucco, vino. Bhutto vino. Didn't you drink the wine? Lay 2to EV no. 2to. Haven't you done everything? Non-fat tau2, dtau lay nullify, toe-to-toe. Motivate de facto. Didn't you do everything? No. High-fat toe-to-toe. Nonaka, toe-to-toe, Nunavut, de facto. Haven't you seen Paolo non Ivy's top Paolo lay non-obvious top. Vs2, Paolo. 29. 46.5g - two meanings - practice: How would you say in Italian, didn't use the Palo Nivea. Nivea stop Paolo, motivate the VSCO Paolo. Haven't you taken the key Naive Bayes or like ERV, lei, non appraisal, OK, ERA. Non-diabetic brains are like ERA. Didn't you take the key? No, my brains like ERV. Lei non appraisal. Ok. Erv, non-event depressed or like EI. Haven't you learned nine. Lay nano. Nano. Didn't you learn Naim? Lei non Nunavut they embed. Haven't you understood Nonaka veto. Veto. Nunavut? Didn't you understand? Nonaka veto? Lay subito. 30. 47a - past tense (aka present perfect tense) recap: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson. And you say in Italian, haven't tie or didn't I? Nano, haven't you? Or didn't you? Non di lei non or non-event day. Hasn't he or didn t? None. Or Louis nonna, hasn't she or didn't she? Non lay non-Arab. Hasn't Paolo or didn't Paolo? Power-law? Non Haven't we all didn't we? Not have Yammer. And haven't they or didn't they? Non-annual. Let's have a recap lesson of the past tense and bring everything together. Let me also just let you know that there is another name for this past-tense that we've been learning. The correct grammatical name for this tense is the present perfect tense. I know it seems weird to have attends called the present perfect when it's talking about the past. But that's what it's called, will look a bit more at these different names for tenses in a later lesson. But for now, just know that this past tense can also be called the present perfect tense. So basically, the past tense is made up of two parts. In Italian. However, you can change the first part, the auxiliary verb, to say a variety of different things. So all Mankato means I have eaten oh man, Django. And it's made up of all meaning I have. And that's the auxiliary verb and the past participle, Mankato, which means eaten. Then we learned that to make it negative, or you have to do is put the word non infront of the auxiliary verb. And so non or Mankato means I haven't eaten and we have the negative auxiliary verb nano, meaning I haven't. And the same past participle, man data, meaning eaten. As a question, you get Les Amanda auto, which means have you eaten. And so all you have is a question auxiliary verb Lei, meaning have you, and a past participle, Mankato, meaning eaten. Similarly, we can make this negative by putting non in front of the auxiliary verb. And we get lei non Amanda auto, which means haven't you eaten, is made up of lei non, Which is the negative question over the reverb, meaning haven't you? And the same past participle, Mankato, meaning eaten. 31. 47b - past tense (aka present perfect tense) recap: So the four different versions of the auxiliary verb are lay, lay, non, lay in a question, and lay nonna in a question. And you can put any passport visible on the end of any of those. For example, Mankato finito, when Duetto, Mankato means eaten, if we need the means finished, and then Duetto means sold. So for example, lay Ammon gelato means you have eaten. But we did learn that there are always two ways to say the same thing in the past tense in English as there are in Italian. So LE, Amanda ITO can mean you have eaten or just you eight. Similarly, lay nonna can mean you haven't or you didn't. So lei non finito, you haven't finished or you didn't finish. Lay out in a question can mean Have you or did you lay oven? Duetto means have you sold or did you sell? In the negative question, Les nonna means haven't you, but it can also mean in English, didn't you? So lei non affinity could mean, haven't you finished or didn't you finish? So just keep in mind that with the past tense, there are always two ways to say it in English, but one way in Italian. 32. 47c - let's practise - English to Italian: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in the past few lessons. So how would you say in Italian, she sold the car? Lay lay of Hindu Ptolemaic kina. We have lost the card. Ibm or IBM or Bear Solar carta. I booked a table of everybody. Oh, oh, oh, perinatal tabula. They didn't make a reservation. Non-annual facto siRNA. Non-annual facto siRNA. Have you seen Paolo today? Ivy. Lay a vis a vis dropout or gee, haven't they paid the bill? Non-animal legato income, non-annual Bogata. When conto, Maria didn't drink much wine. Maria, non-obese, 2to molto vena. Maria. Did you understand the English? Paulo at Capitolium lazy, Paolo? Lazy. Didn't you learn most today? Know Naim lay nine. Non-diabetic. We didn't bring any food, but we've ordered a pizza. None of the our port Apple TiVo ma, IBM or Donato una pizza, not IBM aboard battle TiVo ma IBM or Donato una pizza. 33. 47d - let's practise - Italian to English: Now let's do some Italian to English translations. What do these Italian sentences mean in English? Non-auditory staccato, non-autistic ato. I didn't forget. I spit out aqui Yeti, lay aspect out aqui Eddie. Await the aspect out aqui ELE. Did you wait here yesterday? Cuando EBSD, Kuan law, ammo comparator. When did they buy the tickets? And beyond more knowledge, on EMOC Ina bear una sati manner in Italia. Una Martina bear. In Italia. We hired a car for a week in Italy. Or shelf toque stomach Ina, they're gay. A grand day. Or shelf toque stomach Ina, they're gay grandly. I chose this car because it's big. Paulo, OV Stockwell. Paulo Coelho. Has Paolo scene, matt, Nonaka veto, Nonaka pico. I didn't understand. Eid and Norman aqui ED. They ate here yesterday and operate an appraisal. Did they take the train? Lay upon delta t will lay upon del Timo. She brought some food. But the sentence could also mean you brought some vivid because the word lay or the phrase Les can mean she has all you have. 34. 47e - let's recap - English to Italian: Now let's do some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How would you say in Italian, I'm going to change it. Stopped. There can be added, stop, there can be added low. D1 to try something different. Wiley provide a quite Gaza differently. Volley, providing what goals are delivering. It is very good. In a motor one. The car is too small. Lama kina, a trope poppy Kula. Lama kina, poppy Kula. I like that. Bpr. Bpr ChickWeight alone. Go straight on and the shop is on the left. Viola sampling, read though, a zygote CEO, ASC MISTRA, rather simply Greedo. Ate. My breakfast is delicious. Lambda collect Cianni, squeezy. Theta lambda collect Cianni squeezy. I have made a reservation or facto went up pregnant that siRNA of Apple went up around that siRNA. It's $0.70. A sit down, touch and Daisy me. I'm not going to the hotel. Non-volatile allow nonviable, allow better go. 35. 47f - let's recap - Italian to English: Now let's do some Italian to English recap translations. What are these Italian sentences mean in English? Vowel, Doumani, rattle, available when I do mine. I'm going to run it tomorrow. Not monetarily. No. Monetarily. No, it isn't for her. Pause for Brenda Luba, postprandial UGA. Can I have some grapes? Cause a possibility? Goes up, possibility. What can I drink? Where's the train station? I will not go now Rosa lay up when I'm gone now. Rosa, rosa, pink skin would lay. Lay a motto, Stan, are you very tired? I like wine. I like the wine. A bit less. Please. Lay off some layout. It's eight o'clock. 36. 48a - I can & can I: Here's a very useful word in Italian, postal, Poisson. It means I can, but we've already seen the word bustle many moons ago and we learned that it can mean Kanai. So the word postal can mean both Kanai and icon. In English, when the phrase is a question, the word i goes after Ken. And when the phrase isn't the question, the word i goes in front of the camera. So can I or icon in Italian, however, you always just say Poisson. For example, postal Vaishali Paolo means I can see Paolo In a question, boss or with any Paolo, Can I see polar? So it's the same sentence, but in writing you just put a question mark on the end. And in speaking you have to use your voice to show it's a question. So in Italian, they didn't bother using the word for I, which is why postal can mean both icon and Kanai. Or you have to do in Italian, is raise your voice at the end of a sentence to turn it into a question. However, just in case you were wondering there is a word for i in Italian, it's E o. E o. However, it's hardly ever used. If you wanted, you could use it and say your parcel to mean icon. But generally, they don't bother using the word for eye at all. Now, here's another word that we've had before. It's a verb, fatty, fatty. And we learned that it means to make, but it has a second meaning. Fatty can also mean to do. So. If fatty can mean to make or to do, how would you say I can do that? Postal file? Well, postal photic way law. I can do it. Boston law. Both. So I can do that tomorrow. Post-op file equate law, Doumani, postal fad equate law, Doumani. Can I do it tomorrow? Post-op follow Doumani. Posts so far a lot of money. Can I make it tomorrow? Doumani? Pause for thought. A lot of money. 37. 48b - if you want: How would you say in Italian, I can do it tomorrow but not today. Post of analog domain. Ma non RG, pasta out a lot of money, man, analogy. This is a nice phrase, but you can use to be extra polite. Any Italian, say, save water, lay. It means if you want, say Wally. Say means if, and Wally means you want. So how would you say in Italian, I can do it tomorrow if you want. I can go now if you want. I can hire a car if you want. If you want, I can go to the shop for you. You're barely save wildly. Cannot go there tomorrow. Can I say something important? Both for the important the important Dante. 38. 48c - I can't: So possible means ICANN. And the opposite of postal is non Poisson. Non postal means icon and non Boston. So how would you say in Italian icon? See it? Non-personal Veda airflow, non-fossil Veda airflow. So in this lesson so far, we've had postal meaning icon, fatty, which means to do or to make save worldly. Meaning if you want. And non Postural meaning icon. How would you say I can't do it now? Non-personal. Far low order. Non postal, far no aura. I can't understand Paolo. Non non-personal. Paolo. How would you say I can't pay because my car doesn't work. Non-fossil Bugatti, beta k lambda carta, non fantasy owner, nonprofit Bugatti, Jakarta, non-food CEO Anna, I can't come today because I don't have a car. Non-fossil, we need a Jodi nano. Nano. 39. 48d - can you?: Is another phrase that's related to postal, poor or lay pour. It means can you, Les Paul. And the Luay is optional, so you only have to use it if it's not clear that you're talking about you. So Les Paul means can you so how would you say can you see it? Or what can you see? Can you pay? What can you do? Goes up Pour Les Paul phi. Now, I've been using Kazaa as the word for what in all of these examples. But don't forget that you can also use k or geckos. So you could say for filing or poor fatty cake Gaza pour five. How would you ask what time can you go to parallelize house? Can you go with me tomorrow? Doumani. Doumani. Can you do it today? Poor follow. Les Paul Farmer 1G. Now here's your next word for this lesson is a verb, and it's IU. Iu. And it means to help. Are you. The first two letters AI appear in the English word aid, and to give someone some aid means to help them. So that's where it comes from. Iu. So how would you say in Italian, can I help? How can I help? 40. 48e - to help me: How would you ask in Italian, Can you help? Are you going to help her? I can't help because I don't have any time. Non post-war nano tempo, non postal. Nano tempo. I can help if you want. Postal iota is possible. I would like to help, but I didn't have any money. Voter a nano slowly. My Nano solely. You can add a little bit extra to the verb daddy. And you get, I mean, are you means to help me? I do bad to me. So how would you ask any Italian, Can you help me? Me? Me? Are you going to help me? How are you going to help me? 41. 48f - to show me: How would you say in Italian, Excuse me, can you help me please? Uzi, Uzzi, Les Paul is another phrase that has me at the end. Most, most astronomy It means to show me. So how would you ask, can you show me can you show me where I can pay? Can you show me where I can hire a car? Are you going to show me tomorrow? Can you show me where I can? We'd also ask me, can you show me the wine? Can you show me the key lemma? 42. 48g - to show somebody: So most astronomy means to show me. And if we take the mean of the end, we get the verb. Which means to show, must try. Now the web most trolley, which means to show, is usually followed by a little word, meaning too. So if you want to say something like, can you show the card to Paolo? You'd have to say in Italian, poor, most chronic Lama kina, Paolo, or lay foremost rarely La Macarena Paolo. Now in English, there are two different ways to say that sentence. You can say, can you show the car to Paolo? Or can you show Paolo the car? So if you put Paolo first in English, you get rid of the word to. This doesn't happen in Italian. You always have to say to parallel in Italian, which is power law. This is because no matter where he is in the sentence, you're still sharing the car to him. So in Italian, no matter where you put the name, you always have to put in front of it. For example, lay foremost running amok Ina, Paolo, Les Paul must try La Macarena. Apollo means can you show the car to Paolo? But you could also say Les Paul Masaryk, Apollo, Lama, kina, lay, promo, strawberry, Apala Macarena. Which means can you show Paulo the car? Literally, Can you show to Paolo the car? In fact, most trolley is always followed by an app. If you're sharing something to somebody, whether the two is mentioned in English or not. For example, if you want to say, can you show Maria where the shop is? You would say in Italian. Can you show to Maria, which is Les Paul Australia, Ahmadiyya novae in SEO, les palm Australia, Maria doorway in a gourd CEO. So literally you're saying, Can you show to Maria, where is the shop? Or if you want to say something like, I'm going to show Paolo later, you will say in Italian, stop Burma, Australia, Apollo, peut daddy, stop. Apollo parity. Which means I'm going to show two Paolo later. The area exception to all of this is when you say show me, which as you know, is mostly army. This is because in Italian, the word me can mean me or to me. So you don't need the extra. So if you want to say, can you show me, you will simply say lay most astronomy. Astronomy. But all the other times that you want to say to show something to somebody, you have to use the word in front of the name. 43. 48h - mostrare - to show - practice: So how would you say in Italian, Can you show power Lu? Can you show Maria? Maria. Can you show me can you show me where the bank is? I'm going to show something to parallel. How would you say I'm not going to show it to Maria? Non-stop. Non-stop. Can you show me where I can high recall. Can you show Paolo way the shop is. So literally you have to say, can you show to Paolo, where is the shop? 44. 48i - to tell me: Here's your last word for this lesson. It means to tell me, how would you say in Italian? Can you tell me? Can you tell me where I can pay? Can you tell me where I can hire a car? Are you going to tell me can you tell me what time breakfast is? Les Paul Jeremy. So literally have to say, can you tell me at what time is the breakfast? How would you say in Italian? Can you tell me if I have paid? Say, oh, say can you tell me why? How would you say any Italian? Can you tell me tomorrow? Doumani, Les Paul, deal me Doumani. So in this lesson, we've had Postural meaning icon, which means to do automate. If you want. Non postal, which means I can't. Pour. Means can you means to help me. To help me is a verb meaning to show. Show me. Dear me means to tell me. 45. 48j - let's practise - English to Italian: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in Italian, I can do that tomorrow if you want. I can see the train. Excuse me. Can you help me? I can't help, but I can call Maria. She is in room. Maria. Maria. Can you tell me where the restaurant is? Can you show me where everything is? I'm going to tell Paolo the hotel's address. Stop. Stop. I can do everything later but I'm too busy now. Can you see it? I can't pay the bill. None. 46. 48k - let's practise - Italian to English: Now let's do some Italian to English translations. What are these sentences mean in English? I Milano. Milano. You can go to Milan with me if you want. I can buy that for you if you want. Can you show me which code? Can you help me? I can't buy that. Non troppo. A nano tempo. In Italia Conley Doumani. A nano tempo. I convert to equity with you tomorrow. I'm too busy. I'm I don't have time. Can you help me, please? Is it possible for you to help me? I would like to do it. Stop it. Stop it. I'm going to help Paolo. 47. 48l - let's recap - English to Italian: What we'll do now are some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases we learned in previous lessons. How do you say in Italian? It's absolutely fantastic. Absolutely fantastic. Absolutely fantastic. I think everything is very good. That is extraordinary. Extraordinary scenario. The food here is always delicious. Simply squeezing. This restaurant is perfect. A perfect, a coffee for him and a t for me, please. What's the hotel's address? Linda? Can I make a reservation? I would like a table for three for tomorrow. Goodbye and have a good day. A. B1a Jordan. I would like a bottle of water, please. 48. 48m - let's recap - Italian to English: Now let's do some Italian to English recap translations. What do these Italian sentences mean in English? I would like my bill, please. Post-war Bugatti. Can I pay the bill by Codd? Body format? I'm going to try a bit of cheese. The knowledge. Is it possible to high recall for one day? The car is very big. The lunch was delicious. More time is breakfast. Medina is at quarter to eight. I would like a taxi for five people at four o'clock. Are you going to Paulos house? 49. 49a - trovare - to find: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson. How do you say in Italian, I can Poisson to make or to do. Fatty. If you want. I icon and non postal. Can you pull or vapour to help you? To help me? Iu data mean to show most rally. To show me most. I mean, to tell me, deal me. He's a verb to start this lesson off with. Throw batty. Batty. It means to find clover. I always think this word looks a little bit like trove, as in a treasure trove. And a treasure trove is something that you have to find and that's where the word comes from. So how would you say in Italian, Can you tell me where I can find Bergamo? Are you going to find a restaurant for later? Laced up a strawberry restaurant? I'm going to find something for palliative stop or traumatic while Gaza pair Paolo, stop pair traumatic while Kazaa pair Paolo. I have found something interesting. And so for this sentence, you'll need to work out the past participle of throwback. I think back to when we learned the past tense. How would you say in Italian, I have found something interesting. And throw valley is a regular ARE vibe. I'll throw battle. Quiet casa di interessante. Author Roberto qual corsa di interessante. So the past participle of Truvada is Theravada, meaning found. And then forget that when you want to say something interesting, whenever you have something followed by an adjective, you have to put the word di in-between, so-called corsa di interessante. Something interesting. 50. 49b - perso - lost: How would you say in Italian, What have you found? Goes on, hydro atom, goes up, throw battle, goes on. Have you found something for me? I lay me. Where did you find that? Lay at robot. How would you say how did you find the food? Rubato is TiVo. Tivo. Tivo. We haven't found the hotel. Now. Hopefully you never end up loss, but just in case this next word will come in handy. It means lost pairs. In Italian, you can use person to mean lost in most senses of the word. You can use it with o, which means I have and say something like oh pair Salama kina or personal Lamott kina, which means I have lost the car. You can also use it with sun to say that I am lost. However, in Italian, with this phrase, you also need to add the word me to the start. The word me means myself. So really you'll be saying myself, I am lost or I have lost myself. So when Italian I am lost is Missoni bears on me Sono person. So just remember that if you want to say I am lost, you need to say me Sono person rather than just Sono Barstow and explained the reason why in a later lesson, as there are a few more words that do this to. Just one more thing to note. If you're a woman, you would say Me Sono peristyle, rather than mistletoe pedestal. So Barstow is the masculine version of the word Lost, and bursa is the feminine. 51. 49c - I am lost: How do you say in Italian, I am lost. Misnomer person. Mise-en-scene, Barstow. And just like with other adjectives, the word Pearsall has a feminine version, but you can use if you're a woman, just change the OH, on the end to an a and you get PRSA, say your, say Missoni pair RSA in the feminine. So to say, I am lost, you can say Miss Ohno parcel or Mr. Ohno PRSA. Hopefully you won't be too surprised to learn if you want to say something like or you lost, or he is lost, or we are lost, you have to put a little extra weight in front of those two. So with IM lost we say me Sono pair. So the word me means myself. And so literally you say myself, I am lost or I have lost myself. Similarly, you would have to say himself, he is lost or ourselves, we are lost. Let's have a look at all the different ways of saying this with the little word that goes at the start. Me Sono pair saw me Sono pair. So I am lost. Literally myself. I am lost. Tca person, TSA person. You are lost. Or literally yourself, you are lost. Louis CA pairs. Louis CA pairs. So he is lost. Or literally himself, he is lost and the Louis is optional. Lei Ci PRSA lay CA person. She is lost and literally herself, she is lost. And again, the Luay is optional. And in fact, Louie and lay or less needed in this sentence, the neutral, because you can tell the difference between here is lost and she is lost by looking at the end of the adjective. So he is lost as masculine CA Pearsall, and she is lost as feminine CA person. You are lost is ca Pearsall or lay CA person, which means literally yourself. You are lost. Gcm or PRC. She CMO, Percy, we are lost. Or literally ourselves, we are lost. So the PRC is plural because we as more than one, GCM, bursty, VCA, Percy, VCF, Percy. This is the plural way of saying you're lost. So literally yourselves, you are lost. So again, we have pair C, which is the plural version of lost. Seasonal, PRC. Seasonal pair C. They are lost themselves. They are lost. So I better see again in the plural. Notice how the word persona becomes Person in the feminists or any of those that end in person, can be comparison if you're speaking about a woman. So if you said you are lost a neutron to a woman, you would say TSA person rather than TSA person. Well, you can use PRSA with any singular feminine phrase, but you can use a plural word, pair, say PRS, with any plural feminine phrase. So if you are saying they are lost and you are talking about a group of women. Or if you are saying we are lost and you are part of a group of women, you would say seasonal pairs. See Sono per se, meaning they are lost in the feminine plural. And CCRMA, PRC, GCM, o per se, meaning we are lost in the feminine plural. 52. 49d - lost - practice: How would you ask any Italian or you lost. Lay CA pair. So Vc at the Pepsi. Maria is lost. Maria, Maria, Marco is lost. Marco. Marco, Sophia, I'm Carlo. I lost. A Carlo seasonal pair seem. So phi c Sono Pepsi. Maria unsafe via lost. Just because the thing that follows is feminine doesn't make a difference, is always up there. So it's only when you are saying that I am lost that you change the adjective. Because actually gradually speaking in this sentence, au pair, so the word parcel is a past participle, meaning it's the past tense of the verb parallel array, meaning to lose and the past participles and in an au, au pair, so I have lost, how would you say I have lost my car or pair? So lambda McKenna, I'll bet Salama, Tina. I am lost and I have lost my car. Mistletoe, person a or person Umea McKenna, Mr. Ohno pesto, A0 pair. So let me I'm Athena. So if you're a woman and you're saying this sentence, then the anything you would change is the first person, Missoni bursa, a verso Lama, kina. 53. 49e - lost - practice: How would you ask any Italian, have you lost something? I pair so-called posa lay upper, so-called Coca Cola. What have you lost? Goes on I pair Stowe, goes out, goes out of it, the Pearson. So you use i in the singular informal. You use or lay in the singular formal. And then if you're speaking to more than one person, you'd use the plural, which is, how would you ask, when did you lose the key? Cuando Ursula. Cuando lay at pursue. Cuando of 80 person. I lost Maria at the beach. Maria, Alaska or pair. So Maria, I'll ask Piazza. So again, just because the name Maria is feminine, you're saying I lost Maria. Maria is lost. So bare soil stays as pairs. So you didn't say bursa In this sentence. So au pair, so Maria, I lost Maria. But if you wanted to say Maria is lost, then you would say Maria CAP RSA. How would you say, excuse me, can you help me? I'm lost. Oozie, Les Paul, mistletoe parasite. Oozie, Les Paul, you, Tommy missile, no person. So in this lesson so far we've had throwback a, meaning to find Pearsall, meaning lost, me Sono pair, so I am lost. I have lost. Tsa person, you're lost. Louis C, a person. He is lost. Lay CA PRSA. She is lost. Lazy a pair. So you're lost. Gcm au pair C, we are lost. Vca Percy. You're lost. Seasonal person. They are lost. 54. 49f - I (don't) understand: This next word is a useful one. Means I understand CAPI skull. So how would you say yes, I understand. C. C. I will just say I understand it. Lockup, VSCO, NACA pieces go. I understand Italian and literally in Italian you have to say, I understand the Italian. Italiano. Copies call Italiano. I understand, but I don't want to do it. Copies SCO Manon volume of aloe. Manon volume of aloe and the San Paolo, but not very well. Copies go Paolo, ma non molto, mammal molto, mainly. The opposite of CAPI SCO is non-compete skull. Non-compete means I don't understand. Non-compete is gone. So how would you say I don't understand Paolo? Non-cash VSCO, non-compete cop-out. Excuse me. I didn't understand non-tax non-cash VSCO. I don't understand Italian. And again, you have to say I don't understand the Italian non-fat VSCO Italiana non-cash piece called Italiano. So when you're talking about understanding a language, you always have to say the in-front of the language. So I understand English, for example, you would have to say, I understand the English, link lazy. So that's whenever you are talking about understanding or not understanding already, whenever you use the word cat VSCO followed by a language, you have to put the word in front of the language. 55. 49g - I understand you: How would you say, I don't understand Italian very well. Non-compete school, literally Animoto, non-capital Italiano molto n0. So literally, I don't understand the Italian very well. I didn't understand Maria. Non-capital Medea, non-compete school. Medea. Now you can put T or law or V In front of CAPI SCO and you get these phrases, tika, Peace Corps. I understand you in the singular informal. Laca piece SCO. I understand you in the singular formal. And VCA, VSCO. I understand you in the plural. So t spell TI, Law spelled LA and V, spelled VI, mean you when they're placed in front of a verb as an object. So I understand you, tika VSCO, LacA, VSCO, or V Copy cisco. So the one that you use depends on whom you're speaking to. So how would you say in Italian? Yes, I understand you see T guppies SCO or see LacA VSCO or C v copy SCO. Yes, I understand you very well. See tika Peace Corps, N a C LacA piece chromo domain. C, VCA VSCO molto n0. So you would use tic API score that you're speaking to a friend or somebody you know quite well. You would use lockup VSCO to mean, I understand you if you're speaking to a stranger or if you're trying to sound more polite and you would use the Copy Cisco if you're speaking to more than one person. So I understand you all VCA, VSCO. How would you say I understand you but not very well. Take a piece SCO Manon, motto of n, n0 LacA VSCO Manon molto n0, v copies SCO Manon, motto of N a, C, T and V, t I and V, I don't have capital letters unless they're at the beginning of a sentence. Whereas law always has a capital letter. And that's just to distinguish it from the word for, is obviously law as well. And law when it has a capital L, even if it's in the middle of a sentence, means U is the formal singular way of saying you as an object. So I understand you, LacA VSCO, it always has to have a capital L. And when I say as an object, I mean a grammatical object, meaning a comes after the verb seven English we say, I understand you. I is classed as the subject and U is classed as the object. And in Italian, when u is an object, it's either te la o, v. 56. 49h - I don't understand you: How would you say in Italian, I understand you but not too well. Tika piece, go man non troppo Ban Ni LacA piece go man non troppo Of n a v copies SCO, ma non troppo n. You can put none in front of the Italian phrases for I understand you to make it negative. So non-tech API score, non-black API SCO, and non-visa VSCO. I mean, I don't understand, you know, multi-copy SCO, non-black API SCO, and non-visa SCO. So how would you say excuse me, but I don't understand you. And just note that in Italian, there are three ways to say, excuse me, depending on who you're speaking to. As schools are, in the singular informal, school, Z in the singular formal and 2-SAT them in the plural. We look at this a bit more in a later lesson. But for now, just know that there are three different ways, depending on who you're speaking to schools or schools, the school that day. So how would you say excuse me, but I don't understand you. My Nonaka pieces go Oozie. Nonaka, peaceful. Cisco. So don't worry, we'll look at those three different ways to say, excuse me, in the next lesson. How would you say, I don't understand you very well? Non-tech copies, Komodo, beanie, Nonaka, peace, calm Autobahn, non-visa, Peace Corps motto n. Here's a verb or you can add to your ever-growing collection. Bellare. Parallax means to speak parallel RE so how would you say in Italian? I don't understand You Can you speak in English, please? Non la copies go for parallelly in England as a pair of Ora non LacA VSCO, proper Larry in English, a pair favouring or lay papillary. In English, a prefab already said, Well does use the singular formal version of you, because we haven't led the singular informal or the plural versions of saying, can you yet? So Nonaka VSCO lay for parallel aiding lazy Perfect. 57. 49i - parlare - to speak: So means to speak in Italian. How would you say I'm going to speak in Italian today? Stopper in Italia. Stop in Italiano. Gee. I would like to speak with Paolo, please. Con Paolo. We're a Parlante con Paolo. Verifiable way. I spoke Italian at the restaurant yesterday. Oh, par lotto Italiano restaurant day ELE or par lotto Italiano restaurant. They ARE so bad Laurie means to speak. And in the past, papillary becomes o pad laptop. So it ends in letters ARE, And don't forget that to form the past participle ARE becomes ATO. Gelato means spoke or spoken. And Akbar lotto, I spoke or I have spoken. And you might also note that in Italian, after the verb Babylon, if you don't have to say any word for the, in front of the next language. So I spoke Italian or parallel motto, Italiano. It's only when you are using the verb copy skull. I understand that you have to say I understand the Italian with speak you can just say speak Italian, or you could say speak in Italian, which is parallely in Italiano. So how would you say, Can you speak in Italian, please? For parallelly, in Italiano verifiable way, lay for parallel Italiano prefab already. This next word is an adverb. Usually in Italian, if a word ends in ME NTE, so Men De, Then in English it will end in LY. So this next word is len. Len payment day. And in English it means slowly, Linton NP. So in English, words that end in LY, our adverbs, whereas in Italian, words that end in M, e, and d are adverbs. How would you say then, can you speak slowly? For Lynda Mann? For lithium in there? 58. 49j - slowly: How would you say in Italian? Move slowly. Pew. Pew. How would you say, can you speak more slowly, please? Excuse me. Identity sand you can you speak more slowly, please? Uzi Uzzi, Nonaka piece. He spoke very slowly. Louis. She spoke to slowly. Troppo, Lynda Mann. He didn't speak very slowly. Louis multiple and we didn't speak in Italian. Italiano. Italiano. So when you're speaking in the past, but we forget, all you have to change is the auxiliary verb. So the paddle adding means to speak. And the past participle is para, Latin, meaning spoke or spoken. But we need to put an auxiliary verb. So Akbar lotto, for example, as I spoke, mulatto, he or she spoke. And Abby, AMO bar Laughter We spoke. But the word pad plateau stays the same in all of those. So non-obvious Mopar Latin in Italiana, we didn't speak in Italian. 59. 49k - final recap: How would you say in Italian? I didn't understand because you didn't speak very slowly. And if you can remember back to when we did the past tense in Italian, the web to understand is copied, copied a, and the past participle therefore is capital. So CAPI SCO is the present tense. I understand. So for this sentence we need the past tense. How would you say I didn't understand? Because you didn't speak very slowly. Nonaka veto per k non IPR lotto molecule into main theme. Nonaka veto, bear Gai, Lei, non upper lotto, multiple, enter, maintain. Nonaka pico. There k, non-diabetic mulatto, multiple inter maintain. How would you say Maria spoke very slowly and it was perfect for me. Maria, upper Latin motto into Min De a Stato perfect topper, Maine. Maria, upper lotto, multiple enter, maintain a startle. Perfect topper main. I'm going to speak with severe tomorrow. Stop her papillary com sophia Doumani, stopper, panoramic console, Theodore money. So in this lesson, we've had providing meaning to find parasol, lost, me Sono person, I am lost. Or verso. I have lost. Tsa person. You are lost in the informal singular. Louis CA person. He has lost lay CA PRSA. She has lost lay CA person. You are lost in the singular formal. Gcm or PRC. We are lost. Vca Percy. You're lost. Seasonal Percy. They are lost. Copies. Sco I understand. Non CAPI skull. I don't understand. Teacup, LacA piece go oh, visa VSCO. All mean I understand, you know, multi-copy SCO, non-black API school or non-visa VSCO mean, I don't understand you. Battle adding means to speak. And Linda minty is slowly. 60. 49l - let's practise - English to Italian: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How do you say in Italian, I can't find the key. Non-fossil strawberry. Non-personal strawberry, lucky. Can you help me? I'm lost. Poor misnomer pairs. Are you Tommy missile? No person. I've lost everything. I don't understand. Marco. Nunca piece Camargo, non-compete grammatical. Can you find Maria les portrait of Animalia? I'm going to speak with Mr. Rossi tomorrow. Stop. Stop there. Continue. Rossi Doumani. Can you speak slowly? I didn't send you linda min, the Nonaka Peace Corps, Les Paul, non-local, color and Sophia or lost a Sofia seasonal, say Carla, Sophia, zonal pairs. Parallel is lost. Power law. Power law. I lost the call yesterday. Ulama Kenai. Llama. 61. 49m - let's practise - Italian to English: Now let's do some Italian to English translations. What do these Italian sentences mean in English? Juliano, lay. Italiano. Are you going to speak Italian or pair? So email yesterday or pair. So Porto. Yesterday, I lost my passport in Paris. School, the poor army au pair Salama Martina school Zhi Lei pour. Or pair. So lambda Martina. Excuse me. Can you help me? I've lost my car. Non-personal providing Medea, non-profit providing Maria. I can't find Maria. A possibly pedal a fuel into a placebo, bare Lady papillary fuel into Cabaret. Is it possible for you to speak more slowly, please. Delete. So del Alberto lay palm astronomy, novae or personal in the lead so that Alberto Les Paul muster army domain. I've lost the hotel's address. Can you show me where it is? Can I speak with you? Are you lost? Molto? Nand2? Man onto don't. I understand a lot but not everything. Can you find a table for five people? 62. 49n - let's recap - English to Italian: Now we'll do some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How do you say in Italian? I would like a table for four, please. Fabula, Fabulae. How much is it for six days? Quanta pasta per se giorni. Quanto costa per se giorni. It costs €30 per month. A euro. Into a euro, I'll make it costs 80 Oreos. Cos theta, or how much is it for four days? Quanto Acasta per quatro giorni. Quanto costa pair quatro giorni. I think it's fantastic. Better ME a fantastical, better ME a fantastical. It isn't good, is absolutely extraordinary. Non-avian. As a rudimentary Strauss scenario. Non ne, born no absolute Strauss scenario. Everything is here. How much is it for two days? Quantum. Quantum. Excuse me, please. Oozie. Oozie. 63. 49o - let's recap - Italian to English: What we'll do now are some Italian to English recap translations. What do these Italian sentences mean in English? Non-native badly, API remain non a parallelly APR man. It isn't for her, it's for me. In tabular pair. Arizona verifiable way. Fabula, Fabulae. I'd like a table for three people. Please. See. See. Yes, it's for me. Thank you. A fantastical money. Fantastical. It isn't fantastic, but it's very good. Coffee for me. Pizza, a better fit into lambda pizza. My pizza is perfect. Uv. Uv. I'd like to try the wine, please. Costa auto gentle. It costs €800. Quite la pizza. Le a lambda pizza. That's my pizza. Can I try the chicken, please. 64. 50a - I know: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson. How do you say in Italian to find providing lost person? I am lost. I have lost au pairs or how would you say you are lost in the singular, informal. He has lost. Louis C, a star. She is lost. You are lost in the singular formal Lei CA pairs. We are lost. You are lost in the plural. Vcf. They are lost. Seesaw, no. Prc. I understand. I don't understand. Non copies go. I understand. You. Either you would say deka, LacA Peace Corps or V Copy SCO. How would you say I don't understand, you know, multi-copy SCO, Nonaka Peace Corps or non VCA bees go to speak. And slowly. Linda, maintain, here's your first word for this lesson. So so it means I know. So now you can use so to mean just I know by itself. But you can also use it to mean I know how. And so you can put a verb on the end of So. For example, saw by Laurie Italiana subpar Laurie Italiano means I know how to speak Italian. It's the way that the Italian say I can speak Italian. So Pharrell, so far law means I know how to do it. Literally. I know to do it so far. Law, so so means I know or I know how it is having. You don't need to use the word for how in this situation you simply say So I'm put a verb on the end. Another point to make is that the Italians would never say, I can't speak Italian or I can speak English using postal. Instead of saying I come, they would always use, i know how using saw. So they will always say so by Larry Italiano, a glazing. So parallelly Italiano, aim lazy to mean I can speak Italian and English, whereas each VM means, I know how to speak Italian and English. So how would you say in Italian? I know how to speak Italian. Soap papillary, Italiano soap Babylon Italiana. And how would you say I can speak Italian soap ally Italiano. So papillary. Italiano. 65. 50b - I don't know: How would you say in Italian? I know what time dinner is. Literally you would say, I know at what time is the dinner? So a Latina. So I left Janna. How would you say I know where? The salt doll so doorway so means I know I don't know. Is non monsoon non soap. So how would you say in Italian? I don't know how to speak Spanish. Non-stop battle lifespan, YOLO, nonstop, our lattice binomial. I can't speak French, but I can speak Italian. Nonstop Car Laurie franchisee, Italiana, nonstop. Italiano. I don't know where I can buy a map. Non so non-self. How would you say? I don't know where I ate yesterday, but the food was delicious. Oman Jaffa. Is status cuisine. Map a status cuisine. 66. 50c - I (don't) know - practice: How would you say in Italian? I don't know where I can find something for pound lunar non, so I don't know where I am. Non so the obvious on no, non so doorway song. No. I don't know where he is. Non saw though vein Oui, non, so Dubay Louis. The word Louis is optional in the sentence. You wearing, misuse it. If it's not clear that you're speaking about he, you can say just non-sorted ave the editor with that is that non-solid? Can mean I don't know where he is. I don't know where she is. Also the formal singular way of saying, I don't know where you are. So by adding the Lewy, then it makes it a little bit clearer. Non so novae louis, how would you say, I don't know where you are? Well, depending on who you're speaking to, you would say non saw doorbells se non saw though they lay or non-stop DaVinci it there. So nonstop doorway say means I don't know where you are when you're speaking informally and singularly. Non-stop, though they lay, is when you're speaking singularly in the formal and the plural is non saw Dava Societe. In the singular formal, you've got non saw Les, but the doorway and a joined forces and become one word, DIV, apostrophe e, so non-stop. And then the Luay is optional to make it clear that you're speaking about you rather than he or she non saw Nova les? How would you say? I don't know where I'm going. I don't know where you're going. I don't know. 67. 50d - "I know" vs "I can": So in this lesson so far, we've had sought meaning. I know or I know how subpar Laurie Italiano literally means. I know how to speak Italian, but you can use it to say, I can speak Italian. And then non saw means, I don't know. Or it can also mean I don't know how. Instead of saying, I know we can change it a little bit and we can get lay lay, SAN or just some by itself means Do you know or do you know how or lay? And again, the Luay is optional just to make it clear that you're speaking about you rather than he or she. So how would you ask, do you know how to speak English? Subpar Larry in Lazy lays up allying lazy. Do you know where the bank is? So novella Banca, lay, novella Banca. Now you might've got that translation a little bit wrong. Did you say something like laser, Dolby Lubanga a. Which literally means, do you know where the bank is? Well, in Italian, they will say instead, do you know where is the bank, which is Lisa Nova Lanka? Do you know where the bank is? So the is goes in front of the place in Italian. So rather than saying novella Wonka a, you say novella Banca. And the dove is a contraction between doorway, meaning way, and a meaning is. So similarly, if you wanted to say, do you know where the restaurant is, you would literally say, do you know where is the restaurant? Lay asap and obey either Ristorante, interessante. So in Italian, you don't put the word is on the end. You have to put it in the middle. And if you speak to Italian people who speak English, if they're English, isn't that great? You might hear them say things in English like, Do you know where is the restaurant rather than Do you know where the restaurant is? And that's a good tip to do. Now again, is listened to Italian. People speak English Because the way Italians speak English gives you a clue as to the word order of things. In Italian. Generally in Italian, the word order is the same as English. But in this situation where you say, do you know where something is? In English, the word is goes on the end. But in Italian you say, do you know way is something. So Beauvais, either Ristorante. How would you ask, do you know where Paolo is? Novae Paolo lay, sod Adobe Paolo. 68. 50e - I'm sorry: How would you say in Italian? Do you know where the restaurant is? So novae Ristorante, laser il Ristorante. Now let's add another phrase. Me dispatch. Me. Dispatch means I'm sorry, mi dispatching. Now we learned a long time ago that the word school a-z means, excuse me. And now we have just learned that MIT is piace means, I'm sorry. Well, these two phrases need a little bit more explanation. Medicine piace can be used to mean, I'm sorry, when you are showing sympathy towards somebody or to show that your regretful for something. It's quite a strong way to say, I'm sorry, in Italian. So you wouldn't really use it in a situation where you're simply apologizing for bumping into somebody, for example. Here are a couple of examples. Immediate SBRT, Berlin, convenient team meetings, piace peddling conveniently. This means, I'm sorry, for the inconvenience or meatus piace parallel to Apervita. Mit is piace parallel to Apervita means, I'm sorry for your loss. Per deta means loss. School z, on the other hand, means, excuse me. But you can also translate it as, sorry. In many situations. If you bump into somebody could say Oozie to mean sorry. Or if you didn't understand somebody, you could say something like this. School OZ Nonaka VSCO schools, the Nonaka VSCO, which can be translated as, Sorry, but I don't understand you. The word school Uzzi has some alternatives. The verb comes from is Suzanne, which means to excuse school. Z is actually the formal way of saying, excuse me. If you're talking to somebody you know quite well, you can use scuba instead. So Oozie means excuse me in formal situations. Scuba means excuse me in informal situations. You can even add the word me to school Z, o scuba. It doesn't change the meaning, but it's just something extra that you can use. Our superiors in English, we have the same thing with thanks and thank you, or buy and goodbye. The longer phrases mean the same thing as the shorter phrases, but some people prefer one to the other. In Italy, some people say Susie, and some people say Misko Oozie. They both mean the same thing. The only thing to remember is that you put me in front of school busy. So you get misc Oozie, but it goes after scuba. And so you get schools. I mean, we'll look more in depth at the reason for this in a later lesson. But for now, just remember that Misko Oozie can mean, Excuse me or sorry in formal situations and screws, AMI can mean Excuse me. Oh sorry in informal situations. So how would you say I'm sorry, but it's terrible. In this situation. You could either say me dispatch or you could say Oozie, Ma. You would say MIT is Piaget. If you want to show that your regretful for saying something, but you have to say that it's terrible. Me dispatching map. How would you say I'm sorry for everything. I'm sorry, but I don't know. My mom saw. 69. 50f - final recap: How would you say in Italian? I'm sorry, but I haven't made a reservation. Me this piace nano meters, piace mono facto. Sorry, I'm lost. So Oozie, mistletoe pairs, Oozie, mismo, person. Really in any situation where you would say, sorry, you can choose whether you want to say MIT SBRT or schools, or schools, or depending on how sorry you are. So if you want to be a bit more emphatic, you can say MIT is piace. So if you're really sorry, you can say me dispatch a missile pairs. How would you say I'm very sorry, but I don't understand you. Can you speak more slowly, please? Mideast piace molto, ma non LacA Peace Corps. For parallelly purulent amine, the perfect meat is piace molto, Nonaka, Peace Corps for fuel and time and the prefab already. I'm sorry, but it is impossible. Mideast Piaget, ma non hypoxemia, me dispatch monopole civilly. Sorry. I don't understand you. If you're speaking to somebody formally, you would say Susie Nonaka Peace Corps or Misko Oozie Nonaka Peace Corps. Whereas if you're speaking to somebody informally, you would say scuba non-tech API skull was cuz I mean multi-copy skull. If you were to bump into somebody, how would you say, sorry, Uzi, Uzzi. So in this lesson so far we've had so meaning, I know or I know how. So parallelly Italiano means I can speak Italian literally. I know how to speak Italian. Non saw means I don't know or I don't know how. Or laser means do you know? Me? Dispatch means, I'm sorry. Scorsese or Misko Oozie means sorry or excuse me if you're speaking formally. So summary, whereas schools or schools or me means sorry or excuse me, if you're speaking informally to somebody. 70. 50g - let's practise - English to Italian: It's time now to practice what we've been learning in this lesson. How would you say in Italian? I can't speak Italian. Italiano. Non-solid. I'm sorry, but I haven't made a reservation. Ma nano facto nano Fatu. Do you know where I can hire recall some. Lisa. Do you know where I can buy a map? So you know, a pasta una Mappae. Lisa. Sorry, I don't understand you. Suzy, Nonaka Peace Corps schools, the Nonaka piece. Or obviously if you're speaking informally, you can say scuba non-tech API, Cisco. I'm sorry, but it's absolutely terrible here. I don't know why we hide the car. Non so non-solid. Dolby. Do you know if it's possible for me to pay here? Say a PCB, a param a laser, say possibly permit the queen. Gni what time the breakfast is at the hotel. Liza? Sorry. 71. 50h - let's practise - Italian to English: Now let's practice some Italian to English translations. What do these Italian sentences mean in English? So far? So far rule. I know how to do it. So papillary, Italiano. Italiano, lazy. I can speak Italian and English. Non so non so I don't know where I'm going. Ma non. Non. So lobby. Say sorry, but I didn't know where you are. In Lazy. Lazy. Can you speak English or do you know how to speak English? Do you know where the restaurant is? Non. Non. So I'm sorry, but I don't know. Misnomer Pearson. Sorry, but I'm lost. Body diagonal. I can speak a bit of Italian. Non-personal. Ma non postal. Iu daddy. I'm sorry, but I can't help. 72. 50i - let's recap - English to Italian: Now let's do some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How do you say in Italian? The have this in Brown. In our quest to turn left after the traffic lines. Dakpo, SMF photo, GDS, Dakpo. Are you going to try the wine? Stopped pair provided? No, he isn't here. Not Louis non-equity. No, Louis non-equity. How much is the chicken? Quanto Castile polo. It's a bit too big. A troppo grandly. Ten. Lady HE sommelier ADHD. It's at quarter past ten. Can I pay the bill later? Where is the Botanical Garden? Dino botanical. Dino Botanical. 73. 50j - let's recap - Italian to English: Now let's have a go at doing some Italian to English recap translations. What do these Italian sentences mean in English? Ibm appraisal, lucky. Have we taken powder is key. Stop. Stop. I'm going to do it now. A GDS sinister turn left and is on the right. Non-stop. Non-stop Burberry. I'm not going to drink that. Del Cafe. De Cafe. Do you have any coffee? Where do you want to go now? La prima. At the Roundabout, Take the first exit. Arp therapy. Do you have the issues in yellow? It's beautiful. I would like to room with twin beds. 74. 51a - structure 1 as a non-question: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson. How do you say in Italian? I know. So I don't know. Non so I can speak Italian or literally I know how to speak Italian. Subpar Larry Italiana. So Italiana. Do you know some Lisa I'm sorry. Midi spat. Sorry or excuse me. Oozie or scuba. Or you can use them with me and say Misko Waze or skew the mean. Can you remember that? A few lessons ago, I introduced you to the first structure in Italian. It was a stroke to that enabled you to ask questions. We had an example, Kazaa, volley man Janay or Gaza voila, a lay man, JRE, which meant what do you want to eat? It was made up of a question word, corsa, meaning what? An infinitive carrier, volley of war allele, which means do you want and then an infinitive man, Jadi, mundanity, meaning to eat. And remember that we also said that we can add an optional fourth part, the extra information, for example, Causing Volume and jadi status data. So staff Santa means to mind. So quota volume Angelica santa, what do you want to eat tonight? Well, to use this structure when you're not asking a question is quite simple. Or you have to do is take away the question mark and get rid of the question. Would the infinitive carriers change in English, but they stay the same in Italian. Let me show you what I mean. Let's compare a question and the non question in structure one format. Gaza, post-human Johnny, cause apostle MAN Jadi means what can I eat? Cause up Osama Johnny. So in this question, the word possible means Kanai, but postal in a non question means I can. So postal can mean can I or icon. If you say Postman gyri, that can mean I can eat. So for example, postal, Mangione, Saturday. Poisson, angelic brutality means I can eat later. So the word postal means Kanai when it's in a question. And it means icon when it's in a non question. And you can put any infinitive on the end of Boston. 75. 51b - infinitive carriers in non-questions: So we've just seen that the word possible in Italian can mean Kanai when it's used in a question. And it means I can, when it's used in a non question. And I said that you can put any infinitive on the end of Poisson. For example, Poisson MAN Jadi, Bostrom, and jadi means I can eat postal, VDD, Marco postal, the dairy Marco means I can see Marco, Bozo and daddy Doumani, Poissonian diary Doumani, I can go tomorrow. Now let's have a look at the infinitive carriers that we've already learned when we learned structure one. And we'll turn them into non question versions. So we've already learned postal. Meaning can I pour? Which means can you? Varley means do you want stopped their means. Are you about to therefore, do I have to or move STI? And theyve means do you have to or must you. Well, the good thing is, in Italian, we just leave them as they are. The only thing that changes is the English meaning. So Postal was can I, in a non question, postal means I can. Pour means can you? Well, in an unquestioned poor means, you can. Volley Varley is, do you want in the question, but in a non question, it means you want stop bear. Stuffed bear. Means are you about to in a non question, it means you are about to. There will was, do I have to almost die? Well, therefore, in an unquestioned means, I have to, or I most. And Davy, Davy means, do you have to almost you in a question. But in a non question, it means you have to or you must. Now there are also a couple of extra infinitive carriers that you can use. They are volume. Volume, which means I want volume and stop Air. Stop pair. That means I'm about to stop pair. So how would you say in Italian, you combine something here for Marco, for comparative while Kodak we pair Marco. Marco. 76. 51c - structure 1 - non-question practice: How would you say in Italian, you can buy it later. I can see it. I can buy something here. While Kodak Queen, Queen. You can buy something at the supermarket. Soup America. America. I can buy some cheese. Therefore, I can buy something for my mom here. While Gaza, Permian Madre, Queen, thermia maverick, we, you must be tired. There they go. Davey SLS Banco. When you put next to S3, because they have a ends in an E and SRA starts with an E. You might hear it pronounced like Davis setting. So it sounds like one word rather than Davey SRA. So Davey SRS pan coin or DevOps, sorry Stan. How would you say I have to be there soon? You can bring it for Giovanni. Giovanni. Pair Giovanni. You can buy it later. I must say something. D required Kazaa. Required Kazaa. 77. 51d - structure 1 - non-question practice: How would you say in Italian? I can bring it for paolo. I have to start soon. They will come in. You can eat something at the restaurant. I have to leave tomorrow. You can buy something in room. You're about to be there soon. Stop that. Stop. You must go now. You have to leave tomorrow. You can buy it tomorrow. You must say something. David. David. You can bring it with you. I went to eat something in volume and volume while cause I don't want to spend too much money. Non-value of spin, that entropy's, entropy's already. I must find a hotel. I'm about to change it now. Stop. Stop. There can be out of order. 78. 51e - structure 1 - non-question practice: How would you say in Italian? I'm about to buy it. Stop it. Stop it. I wanted to buy something here. Volume. Volume goes a queen. You can buy it in Verona. You must drink something. Very quite Gaza. I can bring it tomorrow. You can buy something for Maria. Maria. I can buy it today. Or gee, I can buy it later. I can buy it tomorrow. Doumani. I wanted to see Milan tomorrow. Volume Milano. Milano Doumani. You have to call Marco. Marco. I'm about to call Sophia. Stop. Stop. Sophia. I want to spend three weeks their volume volume, Manila. 79. 51f - structure 1 - non-question practice: How would you say in Italian, I'm about to order the chicken for Paolo. Stop her ordinary ALU, bear Paolo, stop at ordinary polynomial Paolo. I must change the reservation. Table can be added Lapland off at 0 and therefore can be added Laplace. I must go now. You must eat something. You can buy something here. Queen, Queen. I'm about to do it now. Stop that. Stop. You have to be in Rome tomorrow. You have to start soon. David. You can buy something at the hotel. You can bring it for David. You must change it now. David can be our Laura. David. I have to call mako. I have to be in Naples tomorrow. You have to be that soon. I wanted to buy it today. Volume or volume. So there you have it. The first Italian structure in a non question form for monogenic Queen. Poor man. Dyadic means you can eat here, and it's made up of an infinitive carrier, poor, meaning you can an infinitive man Jadi, meaning to eat and extra information. Queen, meaning here, poor man, Jack, Queen. 80. 52a - to try to...: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases we learned in the last lesson. How do you say in Italian icon? You can, Oh, Les Paul. You want volley or Lave worldly. You're going to stop bear or lay stop there. I have to or I'm most level. You have to or you must navy or lay Davey. Now we've already had this word per Valley, which means to try provide. Sorry. We've seen that you can use providing with things like food or drink or even close to say that you want to try them or try them on. However, what if you want to say something like, I want to try to speak Italian? Well, when you want to say to try to do something, there's a different phrase that has to be used instead. And that's chair carry D, chair, carry dy. It means to try to certa Ni De. The verb chair. Carry by itself actually means to look for. But when you put it with D, its meaning changes to try to sorta make sense. If you think to look to do something means the same as to try to do something. So Turkana d means to try to, for example, stopped her chair, carry deeper, Laurie Italiano. Stop armchair county deeper Larry Italiano. I'm going to try to speak Italian. Devotee or carry Detroit ARE Maria de Voltaire carry did strawberry Maria? I have to try to find Maria. So chair car AD means to try to How would you say I have to try to speak Italian? They will tear, carry deeper Larry Italiano hotel, carry deeper Larry Italiana. So you can put any verb on the end of the phrase, chair carry D. And the verb is the thing that you're trying to do. How would you ask? Are you going to try to speak Italian? Stop LTR, carry deeper Larry Italiana. Lay stopper, chair carry deeper Larry Italiana. 81. 52b - I have tried (to...): How would you say in Italian? I want to try to call Maria volume. Volume. Maria. You must try to be here tomorrow. They have a chair, carry the aesthetic we Doumani, lay, devotee or carry the SLA Cui Doumani. I'm going to try to be here tomorrow. Stop her chair. Carry DSL equi Doumani. Stop her chair, carry the Doumani. What you going to try to do? Kazaa, slap her chair, carry, defining, Gaza, laced up per chair carried Safari. Or of course, instead of saying Kazaa, you can say k or geckos. Now in the past tense, the verb provocative, which means to try, to try food or drink or to try something on, it becomes opera of atom. So that means I have tried in a similar way. You can change Chair carry, dy. So Chair carry is a verb that ends in a or E. And don't forget that when you want to form the past participles of verbs that end in AIE. The ARE becomes 800. So chair carry becomes TLC cattle in the past tense. Therefore, we get o, chair cattle dean, or chair canto di. It means I have tried to, or I tried to tear capital D. And again, you can put any verb on the end of this phrase to say what you've tried to do. So how would you say, i have tried to speak Italian? Italiano. Italiano. 82. 52c - I tried (to...): How would you say in Italian, I tried to call Maria or tear canto Madea. How would you say I tried the cheese? Our provost or ill format Joe. So did you get this on right or did you get caught out? So because we're saying I tried the cheese when you're talking about trying food or drink or trying something on, then you use the verb provide instead. So Opera of Apple is format Joe. If you think of marcato D, As I tried or I attempted, you wouldn't say I attempted the Gs, but you can say something like I attempted to call Maria. So Altair cathode d is always followed by a verb. I tried to do something, or I attempted to do something. Whereas opera baton is always followed by a noun. And that will be the thing that you tasted or tried or tried on. So o provided or informal, Joe, I tried the cheese. How would you say have you tried the wine? Up rubato In Vino. Lay up Roberto In vino. How would you say? I have tried to speak Italian, but it's too difficult. And difficult in Italian is defeated. Defeat chili, which is spelt DI OFF IC IL defeat chiller. So I have tried to speak Italian, but it's too difficult. Or chair canto di papillary Italiano a troppo defeat Chile. Or Jakarta? The papillary Italiano ma a troppo defeat Chile. How would you say I tried the wine? I tried to find it. Or Detroit. 83. 52d - "it" as an object pronoun: How would you say in Italian? I tried to make a reservation, but the restaurant is too busy. Or tear canto defined a parent at sea on a map. A troppo, Olympia or tear cathodic valley. That Cianni, my restaurant, troppo impinge chateau. So in this lesson we've had providing meaning to try chair carry D, to try to opera of atom is I tried. And Altair cathode D is I tried to lock bravado. Law provides auto means I tried it or I have tried it. Let me just explain the phrase low bravado quickly. Whenever you have o, h o, it means I have. And you can put low in front of it and you get low. Oh, I have it. However, more often than not, when you put the word long in front of all the two words joined together. I say more often than not, because it is optional. You don't have to join the West together, but most Italians do, especially in speaking. So low o becomes low, l apostrophe h, o, and low means I have it. If you say low bravado, well, that means I have tried it. So low pro battle. I have tried it. So how would you say yes, I have tried it. See low provocateur, see low-profile plateau. In the negative, we get non-law producto, non-law bravado. It means I haven't tried it. Non-law per atom. So how would you say No, I haven't tried it. Not non-law bravado. Not non-law bravado. Remember how you can put low in front of any web to mean it? We had things like loca Peace Corps, meaning I understand it. Low-volume. I wanted love Wally. Do you want it? Well, in the past tense, you put the law in front of the auxiliary verb, and it usually joins with the auxiliary verb with an apostrophe. So you get l apostrophe. And then the auxiliary verb, for example, low-fat auto, low-fat. Oh, I have done it. Lumen jazz Don, Norman gelato. I have eaten it. Lambda2 or lay lambda2. Have you eaten it? Will lay legato. She paid it. So the law goes in front of the auxiliary verb, and usually it becomes l apostrophe. So how would you say, I ate it? Low, low, Mankato. 84. 52e - "it" as an object pronoun: How would you say in Italian? I have eaten it. I didn't teach it. Nano Mankato, non-law, Mankato. I haven't eaten it. Non-law. Non-local. Have you eaten it? He didn't eat it. Nonalignment. Louis Nonalignment, 2.0. they ate it. Landlord, Mankato, landmark, Mankato. So more often than not, the law, meaning it will join together with the auxiliary verb and it becomes l apostrophe. So Landmark, munge apple, but it is optional. So you can, if you want to say low and Oman gelato. And this tends to be used more as an emphatic way of speaking in Italian. So if you said Law and Oman jot down low, and Naaman gelato is very emphatic, whereas Norman Jiaotong is just saying they ate it. 85. 52f - it, him & her: How would you say in Italian? We didn't eat it. Non lab YAML Mankato. Non lab Yammer Mankato. Now in Italian, when you put low in front of a verb or at the end of an infinitive. It can either mean it as you've already seen or him. So lovey stone, lobbies star means I have seen it. Or it can also mean I have seen him. Therefore, traversal, devil throw Barolo. Well, this can mean I have to find it or I have to find him. So the law can refer to it or him. And it goes in front of verbs that are conjugated, That means there in the past tense or the present tense. Or if you have an infinitive plus the hole where that ends in a ARE IRBs or ER E, then the law hooks onto the end of it and you take off the e and you attach the law. So devo Theravada. Theravada is to find the Theravada Law, to find it or to find him. So the log can mean it for him. The situation will tell you whether they mean it or him so it won't get mixed up. And just remember that when you put low in front of a word that starts with a vowel or the letter H, Then you can shorten it to l apostrophe. If you want to say her, then simply put Law. Instead of long. For example, stop therapy, their law stopped pervade areola. This means I'm going to see her. So the lab on the end means her stop pervade airline. Volume by the volume over there, LA. This means I want to see her. So the lap means here. And so if you put on the end, it can mean it or him, volume of air law. But volume wherever laugh is, I went to see her. Now, wonderful thing to remember is that when you are talking in the past tense and you use the word for her, law, then you have to change the OH, on the end of the past participle to an a. This is because both law and law become just l apostrophe in front of the auxiliary verb. So it helps you to tell whether you're talking about him or her. So if you said low VSCO, Well, the law part could be law or law. But because it's bestow on the end, it tells us that it's low. So low VSCO means I have seen him. However, low vista. Low vista means I have seen her. And that's because in this situation, the l apostrophe stands for law. And we can tell because the word vista has become vista. And so if you use law with the past tense, then the past participle has to change from an on the end to end. A subshell you that lie in front of the auxiliary verb and not low. So lobbies though, I have seen him la vista. I have seen her lay LOTRO battle. Lay LOTRO alto. This means have you found him. But if you want to say have you found her, that it becomes lay LOTRO Nevada, lay LOTRO bata. So the word throw battle becomes Truvada because it's got line in front of the les La Traviata means have you found her? However, this is only when you have a past participle. Any other time, everything just stays the same. So look happy. Cisco, for example, means I understand him. And LacA VSCO means I understand her. This is in the past tense. It's just the present tense. It's only when you have a past participle, but you have to change the o to and a, but in the present tense it stays the same. Laca Peace Corps. I understand him. Laca VSCO. I understand her. 86. 52g - it, him & her: So how would you say in Italian? I saw him yesterday. I saw her yesterday. I found him here. I found her here. Lot Traviata queen. Queen. I understand him. Loca piece go. I understand. Laca piece, go, lag copies go. So don't forget that one is the present tense. The ending of the verb doesn't need to change to show that we've got her infant because the law is clear in this situation, it's only when the law gets obscured by the auxiliary verb and it becomes l apostrophe that we have to change the past participle to an a on the end rather than an oh. How would you say in Italian? I'm going to see him stop pervade airflow, stop pair by the airflow. So when you have an infinitive, so to see whether in a sentence, then you can put the word for him or her on the end of the infinitive. And that's why we say stop pervade, ere long, and the locals on the end of the infinitive, how would you say I'm going to see her stopper Vader LA, stopped by the airline. So in this lesson we've had provided meaning to try chair carry D, to try to RTL cathode D. I tried to lock bravado. I tried it. Low bravado can also mean I have tried it via their law to see him. Or it can also mean to see it. Vader LA to see her low VSD. I saw him or I saw it. And lo vista, I saw her. 87. 52h - let's practise - English to Italian: It's time now to practice what we've learned in this lesson. How do you say in Italian? Or you're going to try to make a reservation. Stop defining layout.html carried Sephardi, Cianni. I have to try to find the passports. They will tear carry EPA supporting their voter, carry the true body. Epa supporting. I tried it but it wasn't very good. Nonstop tomato born, lowbrow battle, ma molto, Borno. I didn't try it. I tried to call Maria yesterday. Maria. Maria. When are you going to see it? I saw her yesterday in room. Rama. Rama. Did you try the cheese? I've done it now. Low-fat. Low-fat. They didn't buy it. 88. 52i - let's practise - Italian to English: Now let's do some reverse translations. Where did these Italian sentences mean in English? Volume. Volume. I want to see it. I understand her. Or bare soil. Umea Mackey, naivety, LOTRO bata or G or Pearsall, EMEA makin, IAT La Traviata or G. I lost my car yesterday, but I found it today. And in Italian, all nouns are either masculine or feminine. Lambda Martina, meaning my car, is a feminine noun. And when you refer to a feminine noun in English recorded it, but in Italian, we call it her. And so literally you say, I lost my call yesterday, but I found her today. And that's why we say La Traviata or G. So the Trivago, meaning found, becomes Traviata when you put the feminine word for it in front of the auxiliary variable. So o pair salami, iMac, Ina, EID, Milo Traviata or G. I lost my car yesterday, but I found it or her today. Look happy Cisco. Look happy. Sco. I understand him. Ibm Motier cathode, the ordinary, Illinois in Italiano, a startup proper defeat, Chile. Ibm Motier cathode, the ordinary del vino in Italiano, a startup troppo defeat Chile. We tried to order the wine in Italian, but it was too difficult. Nano provably Leno, nano bravado in Leno. I didn't try the wine. I have to find it. We didn't eat it. I bought it for you. Verbally. Paolo. Did you try to find Paolo? 89. 52j - let's recap - English to Italian: Now let's do some recap. Translation is to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How do you say in Italian? She isn't tired. Nice time. Money spanked. The have a table for two people. Our own Tablo Purdue appears on a lay Tablo. Purdue acres on the reservation is at half past five. Law that siRNA emits. Law player that siRNA alleging emit. So how much does it cost for six days? Quanto costa per se giorni? Quanto costa per se giorni. I would like some water. Del del Boudreau. I'm going to Giovanni is house later that Giovanni di di Giovanni piu tidy. Do you want to change it? Volley can be Arlo lay volley can be ADL. I went to see Mr. Yankee. Volume of senior Bian Qi volume of identities in your Obiang for lunch. I would like a sandwich. Bear. Bear in print. So I like the red code, but I prefer it in blue. Mi piace Rosso mallow, bravery scoring, blew me piace Rosso, monopoly Frisco in blue. 90. 52k - let's recap - Italian to English: Now let's do some Italian to English recap translations. Where do these Italian sentences mean? In English? A troppo grande, they permit Queloz a troppo grande. That's too big for me. Non-valid while SPI Jiao, Ma tardy, nonviable, Alaska ora, Mabry Ambari put out Andy. I'm not going to the beach now but I would like to go later. What is the soup? All variable? Heat at the hotel? How are you? Non-equity? Ala, non-equal? Ala. It isn't here. Non-financial, Anna, non-food, Sirona. The shadow doesn't work. See I Milano. See Emiliano Doumani. Yes, I'm going to Milan tomorrow. Tau, tau. I see only federal VR. How do I get to the train station? 91. 53a - I couldn't: Let's start this lesson with a quick recap of the words and phrases that we learned in the last lesson. How do you say in Italian to try provide to try to cheer, carry D? I tried to. Altair Gatto D. I tried it. Lope rubato. I haven't tried it. Non-law bravado. To see him. Video below. To see her. I saw him lovey Stowe. I saw her. Low VistA. Now here's your first phrase for this lesson. Non-potable. Non-potable. It means I couldn't non-potable. And it's an infinitive carrier, which means you can put any infinitive on the end of it. So how would you say I couldn't do it? Non-potable fad law. Non-potable. Farel. I couldn't find him. Non-potable. Throw Barolo. Non-potable throw Barolo. And don't forget that non-potable throw Barolo could also mean I couldn't find it. Obviously, the situation would tell you which one. It means the load on the end can refer to him, or it is a masculine noun. So number table, throw Barolo. How would you say i couldn't see Maria. Non-potable. Non-potable. Vdd, Maria. I couldn't buy it because it was too expensive. Non-potable, comparable per k e Stato troppo caro. And so this is referring to a masculine noun. If you were referring to a feminine noun, however, such as in a Mac kina, which means a car, then you would say non-potable comprise Law. Pair k, e stata, throw Pokhara. So you'd have to make everything feminine. Comparative law by it, meaning literally buy her the car. There K S data because it was troppo cara, too expensive. So the three changes you need to make, if you're referring to a feminine noun or convert to convert LA, a startup to a Stata. God. 92. 53b - I wanted: This next word is another infinitive carrier of all level. Vol able means I wanted vulnerable and you can put any infinitive on the end of it, just like with non-potable. So volt level, I wanted how would you say I wanted to go vulnerable and daddy. Vulnerable and daddy. I wanted to try to find Paolo vulnerable TO carry the strawberry Paolo, volunteer carry the true body Paolo. I wanted to go to the beach but I couldn't find it. Volleyball and daddy, Alaska, non-potable provide vulnerable. And daddy Alaska man, non-potable throwback. So if you're talking about a feminine object, such as last Piazza, meaning the beach, then you have to use law when you're using it to talk about it. And so literally you're saying her rather than eight. So I wanted to go to the beach but I couldn't find her is what you will say literally for L1 data, LSB, Ajahn Mun, non-potable throw bad law. How would you say I want it to high recall, but it was too expensive. Valuable knowledge di una mock kina, ma, a startup throw Pokhara. Volt level knowledge Aluminium AC kina, ma, a Stata troppo cara. So because car, which is Macarena, is feminine in Italian, then it affects the words for was and expensive. So a Stata is was in the feminine and Kara is expensive. So normally as a Stapel and Carol. But because we're talking about a car, we say var level knowledge, agronomic kina, ma, a Stata troppo cara. How would you say I wanted to buy something for my mom, but I couldn't find the souvenir shop. Volvo contrary qual POSIX Permian madre, my non-potable Traviata in the guard, C0 D souvenir. Volleyball comprised qual caused the Permian Madre, non-potable Traviata in Lagos and DISTO_GAIN year. So normally the word for my is either il meal or la mia. But when you're talking about family members, then you can drop the eel or law. So just mia madre for my moon rather than lambda mothering. 93. 53c - I was: We had a stat on, which meant it was, well, this next phrase is very similar. Sono stat, Sono Stato means I was Sono Stato. Now when we learned the phrase S data, I said that if you use it with a feminine object, you have to change it to a Stata, for example, to, to a startup effect on total. A startup or veto means everything was perfect. But then with a feminine object. Lamarck INA, for example, we would say Lama kina, estar aqui, Lama kina, a startup. We, meaning the car was here. So estoppel means was put in the feminine, it becomes a Stata. Well, a similar thing happens with the phrase for I was, if you're a man, you can just say Sono startle to mean I was. However, if you are a woman, you have to change it slightly to somos Stata. So a man would say, Sono Stato impinge chateau, meaning I was busy. A woman would say Sono stata in Kenyatta, which also means I was busy. So it's uno Stato for masculine, Sono Stata for feminine. And the adjective Imbens chateau, meaning busy, also changes in the feminine to impinge data. So how would you say in Italian? I was very busy. Sono Stato molto impinge chateau, Sonja start or more tympani ato. Or if you're a woman, Sono stata molto impinge data. How would you say I was here yesterday? So no Stato. Sono staff? I was at the beach. Sono startle. Sono Stato. I couldn't go to the beach because I was too tired. Non portable and daddy LSB, Sono Stato throw Poston, non-potable and daddy LSB ADA. 94. 53d - I didn't want & I wasn't: You may have noticed that whenever we talk in the negative, in Italian, there is always one word that isn't too far away. None. None, which means not. If you want to make any verb negative or you have to do is put none in front of it. So we had voi level, meaning I wanted. In the negative we get nonverbal level, which means I didn't want. Similarly, we had Sono startle, meaning I was, well in the negative we get non Sono Stapel, which means I wasn't. So non Sono Stapel or non Sono Stata. I mean, I wasn't in the masculine and feminine. And non-volatile means I didn't want. So how would you say in Italian? I didn't want to go non-volatile and daddy, nonvolatile and daddy. I wasn't here yesterday. Non Sono staff aqui VAD, non Sono stat aqui ED. Or if you're a woman, you would say non-synonymous data query. How would you say I didn't want to eat at the hotel because the food was terrible. Non-volatile man, Jadi, alarm variable, beta k, il TiVo, a stat or rebuild a non-believer man, Jadi, allow bearable barricade TiVo, a startled de Rivoli. For this next sentence, you'll need to know how to say England in Italian, and it's in gill Tara. Tara. And it's spelt i n g, h, i l t e ARRA in gill Tara. So how would you say I wasn't in Italy yesterday? I was here in England. Non Sono stata in Italia. So I'm gonna start a queen in Volterra. Non Fano startle in Italia. Sono start aqui para. Or how would you say I didn't want to speak to Maria because I was very busy. Nonviable pathological Maria Burke, Sono, start on molto impinge. Non-volatile pathological Medea. Bear Gaziano Stapel, motto, impinge. 95. 53e - I had: How would you say in Italian? I wasn't tired but I was very busy. Non Fano status, Danko Sono Stato molto impinge non-tonal status. Danko muscle nostalgia molto in Pena. I didn't want to take the train, but I was in a hurry. Non-volatile brain that ALL trainer, Sono, staff or different data. Non-volatile primary neutrino, mass uno Stato. Now here's your next word, and it also happens to end in letters EV, DO, just like non-potable and vulnerable. The Word is available. Available means I had available. So how do you think you'll say I had it? Law available? Or more often than not your here, love evil. So the low shortens to l apostrophe in front of available love able. I had it. How would you say I had it with me? I've ever con me or lovable can mean. So in this lesson so far, we've had non-potable. Meaning I couldn't volume level is I wanted nonverbal level means I didn't want Sono status means I was in the masculine. Sono Stata is the feminine version of I was non Fano startle. I wasn't in the masculine. Non Sono Stata is I wasn't in the feminine. And then I've able means I had so how would you say i had everything at my house available to to anomia Kazaa, or available to domain. So you can use ulama Kazaa, which literally means at my house. But don't forget that you can also use the phrase damning to mean at mine, available to Alameda Kazaa or available to dummy. 96. 53f - I didn't have: How would you say in Italian? I had a lot of time available, multiple temple available, molto tempo. I had a lot of time to see my friends and my family available. Molto tempo dividend a Miami MEF Emilia. Available molto tempo dividend, Miami MEF Emilia. Remember that to make things negative, you put none in front of the verb. So how do you think you'll say, I didn't have it? Not lovable. No unlovable. I didn't have the time. Non available. If tempo non available. If Temple said we've had so far non-potable, meaning I couldn't volt level. I wanted nonverbal level. I didn't want Sono Stato. I was autonomous data, meaning I wasn't a feminine, non Sono startle. I wasn't well known Sono Stata. I wasn't in the feminine and available. Meaning I had and non available means I didn't have. So how would you say I didn't have anything with me yesterday? Non available to token may. Not able to token may. I'm sorry, but I was in a hurry and didn't have the time to speak with you. Metastatic Sono stamped with a non available is then put the parabolic only meet SBRT. Sono statically fled into a non available is then put the parallel E coli. 97. 53g - some money / any money: How would you say in Italian? I didn't have the key from my room. None available. A chaotic pair, lambda camera, non-Ebola KV parallel Umea camera. I didn't have the hotel's address. None available. Lynn delete. So del Alberto, non-observable. Linda leads so that Alberto, Now this next phrase, day solidly. They solidly means some money or any money. They solidly. I know that I've mentioned how to say some or any in Italian before, but it never hurts to recap something. So if you want to say some in Italian, as in, I would like some wine or can I try some G's? Or if you want to say any, as India have any cheese, it's really quite simple. All you have to do is use d, d I plus the word for v. Now remember that the word di tends to join onto the words for the. So d plus e makes Dell. And email is the masculine singular weight for the de. La makes debt. La. And LA is the feminine singular word for the d plus law, makes jello. And low is used in front of masculine nouns that either start with the lattice Zed, like CO, LOT C0 means the uncle, or they start with an S followed by a consonant. For example, student day means student, so lost two, then t means the student. D plus E makes Day. And E, which is just the letter I in Italian, is the masculine plural word for the D plus Lay makes Nellie. And Lei is the feminine plural word for the D plus Lee makes Delhi and Lee spelled G. Li is the plural version of law. So as used in front of masculine nouns that start with a zed or if they start with an S that's followed by a consonant. So leased to then pay would be the students, for example. And then finally, D plus L apostrophe makes deadly spelled D, l, l apostrophe. And the l apostrophe, as you know, is used in front of masculine nouns that start with a vowel. So all those words, dell, della, della dei, Delhi, Delhi and del, min, sum or any. So here are some examples. Varela, nel Forman Joe, we're, re, del four majo means I would like some cheese. Post-war provided LV, no, post-war provide a del vino. May I try some wine? Postoperative valet de la pizza, pasta. Provide a de la pizza. May I try some pizza? And so that's where the phrase they solidly comes from. So essentially means the money. So they saw leaf means some money or any money. How would you ask them? Do you have any money? They saw lay at a solidly 98. 53h - some / any: How would you say in Italian? I would like some money. How would you say this in Italian? And I'll just let you know that doesn't work and isn't working are both the same in Italian, they are both non fancy ANA. So how would you say, I'm sorry, but my card isn't working. Do you have any money? Mid SBRT, la carta, non-food CR RNA. Are they solidly? Meatus piace, malaria carta, non-finance, Yana lay at a solidly. I have some money with me. All the corn me all day solidly. Con me. Can I bring some money with me? Paulo has some money. Paolo, are they solely? Paulo Addie solely. Now, there's a tiny peculiarity with the English word any. It can have two slightly different meanings. Look at these two sentences. Do you want any wine? I don't have any wine. On first glance, there's nothing strange about the sentences. But in reality, the first sentence assumes there is one available. Do you want any wine? And the second sentence points out that there is no wine available. I don't have any wine. So we can say that the first sentence is positive and the second sentence is negative. Really any sentence that contains the word not can be considered negative. In Italian. If you want to say any in a positive sentence, then you will say dell della dei etcetera. But if you want to say any in a negative sentence, you simply don't say anything at all. So do you want any wine? Well, that's a positive sentence. So we say in Italian, volley del vino, Lave Wally del vino. So the word for any in this sentence is del. I don't have any wine. Well, in Italian you will say non or vino, nano vino. So the word for any in this sentence doesn't exist in Italian. Another way to look at this is to understand that you can replace any with some in a positive sentence, but you can't in a negative sentence. For example, both of these sentences mean the same thing. Do you want any wine? Do you want some wine? And so they have the same meaning. Whereas only the first of these next sentences is correct. I don't have any wine. But you couldn't say, I don't have some wine. So a general rule of thumb is that if you can say sum instead of any in English, then it's a positive sentence. And you should say Dell de la or day etcetera in Italian. If you can't say sum instead of any in English, then it's a negative sentence and you should say Nothing in Italian. 99. 53i - (not) any: How would you say this Italian? I don't have any money. And you'll note that it contains the word don't. So it must be negative. Non, not solely non authority. Do you have any money? Well, in this sentence you could replace the word Any with sum. So it must be a positive sentence because instead of saying, do you have any money, you could say, Do you have some money? How would you say I didn't have any money with me? None available solid econ may, none available solid economy. So it's a negative sentence, which means you don't have to say a word for any, any Italian. So literally you're saying, I didn't have money with me. How would you ask D18 any coffee? Volley nel cafe, lay validity cafe. So this isn't a negative sentence. So you can use the word deadline for some or any, because Do you want any coffee? Well, you could say, Do you want some coffee? And it means the same thing. Volley delta phi. How would you say I don't have any coffee? Nonaka nano cafe. So this is a negative sentence because it's got the word, don't end it in English. And so you haven't got to use any word for any in the Italian nano coffee. Literally, I don't have coffee. 100. 53j - "good" vs "beautiful": How would you say in Italian, I haven't eaten any chocolate today. No, no. No, no man jackal took all at the OG. Did Paolo eating chocolate? Paolo among Chateau de la chuckle ATA? Paolo among Japanese, della Hochelaga. Good or beautiful. There are a few occasions where you can't translate a phrase word for word from English to Italian. We saw one example of this with how do I get two? Which in Italian is calm a CR, EVA. Literally meaning how does one arrive at? Well, initially, a lot of people will describe things as beautiful when we would simply say good or nice. In English. I'm telling you this early because you might notice it. Should you ever visit Italy? However, if you don't do it yourself, don't worry. You can still describe things as being worn. No. But you could try now and again to describe nice things as bad law instead. Here are a few common things that I would normally describe as good or nice in English, but which I've heard described as bellow in Italian. And I am going to talk about the different forms of bellow in a minute. So don't panic. They Bay restaurant. They may restore anti, literally means some beautiful restaurants. But in English we tend to say some good restaurants or some nice restaurants. On bel film, un bel film. Literally this means a beautiful film. But in English we tend to just say a good film on metal Virgo, moon Bell Alberto. A good or nice hotel. But in Italian they say a beautiful hotel. Una de la kina, una bella. Well, this means a nice car, but in Italian, they say, a beautiful car won't obey La Macarena. Now, the word Bellow has masculine, feminine, and plural versions as you've just seen. So bellow is the masculine singular, Ben Le is the feminine singular, belly is the masculine plural, and badly is the feminine plural. However, when you put the word bellow in front of a noun instead of after it. If it's a masculine word, it turns into Bell. Bell is the masculine singular version of bellow when it's placed in front of the noun. If it's a plural masculine word, we get Bay. So bay, bee EI is the masculine plural version of bellow. If it's placed in front of a masculine plural noun. The feminine versions stay the same, both infant and after the nouns. So here are some examples of what I mean. Il Ristorante, eBay lo il Ristorante eval law. The restaurant is beautiful. But if you put beautiful infant and we say a beautiful restaurant, we get own bell restaurant, they unveil restaurant day. A lot of the time, adjectives come after the noun that they're describing in Italian. But there are some adjectives, and bellow is one of them that comes in front of the noun, just like we do in English. So in English we say a beautiful restaurant. And Italian, you can say wound Bell Ristorante. In the plural e, restaurant. The sum of LLE, either store anti Sono, badly. The restaurants are beautiful. But then if you want to say something like the beautiful restaurants, the word beautiful comes in front of a noun. Then we say eBay restaurant, the eBay restaurant. But don't worry too much about all these different versions of Bellow. Because even if you made a mistake and use bellow for everything, you would still be perfectly understood. But the more you practice, the more it'll just become second nature and you won't have to think about it. 101. 53k - "beautiful" masculine variations: So how would you say in Italian using the word bellow instead of bourne? No. Did you see any good films in Italy? Are VS2 De Bei film in Italia, lay a VSD ODBC film in Italia. And so literally that means, did you see any beautiful films in Italy? Because that's what they would say in Italian. And the way Bay is the masculine plural version of the word bed law and its bay when it's placed in front of a noun. So bay film, good films or literally beautiful films. There are some good restaurants here. She saw no De Bei restaurant, De Qi Shi Zhong Guo De Bei restaurant. So bay again is used because it's the masculine plural version of bellow. And don't forget, you could say Varney restaurant d, which will be the correct literal translation of good restaurants. But most Italian people would describe it as beautiful rather than good. How would you say, I have seen some beautiful things in Italy? Or VSCO nella bellicose in Italia. O VSCO daily bellicose in Italia. So badly is the feminine plural version of the word bad loan. How would you say, have they eaten any Italian food? I'm Norman gelato del t boy Italiano, unmanned gelato del cheapo, Italiano. And so this is how most adjectives work in Italian BY come after the noun abet describing. So literally, in Italian you would say, have they eaten any food, Italian. But there are some adjectives, such as bellow.com in front of the noun. How would you say, haven't they eaten any Italian food? Non-annual Mankato, Cimon Italiano, know nanometer jackpot TiVo Italiano. And said because this is a negative sentence, you don't have to use the word any in Italian. 102. 53l - final recap: How would you say in Italian, Do we have any money? That we have any money. So when a negative sentence, you don't have to say anything for any I didn't have any money. I couldn't bring any wine. Non-potable porta e vino, non-potable porta Trevino. So in this lesson, we've had non-potable meaning. I couldn't volume level, which is I wanted nonverbal level. I didn't want somos tattle. I was in a masculine Sono Stata. I was in the feminine. Non Sono Stato. I wasn't in the masculine. Non Sono Stata. I wasn't in the feminine available. I had none available. I didn't have and they solely some money or any money solely by itself means not any money is there in the negative. And then Bell and ba are the worst for beautiful in the masculine singular and masculine plural if they're placed in front of nouns. 103. 53m - let's practise - English to Italian: It's time now to practice what we've learned in this lesson. How would you say in Italian? I couldn't find her non-potable Truvada. Non-potable Truvada. I wanted to hire a car but it was too expensive. Volleyball knowledge ARE una mock kina, ma, a startup, throw Pokhara. Volleyball knowledge, any una Martina ma, a startup troppo cara. Now the sentence could be used in a different way. You could say instead, volt level knowledge aluminium Athena, a Stato troppo caro. The reason why I'm made it feminine to start with is because Lama kina is a feminine noun. So if all the adjectives of feminine, then it's describing the car as being too expensive. But if you leave them as masculine, if you said volleyball knowledge, Aluminium AC kina, ma, a startle troppo caro. Well, that's describing the actual renting or the hiring of the call that's expensive. So this sentence can actually be used in both ways. Masculine and feminine is a little bit of a nuance sentence. And if you describe it as feminine, you're describing the call as being expensive. If you use it as a masculine sentence, you're describing the actual hiring of the car as being expensive. How would you say I wasn't here yesterday? Non Fano stat aqui ED non Sono Stato query. I couldn't speak with severe because I was in a hurry. Non-potable padlock icon Sofia. There k. So nostalgia, the freight. Non-potable, pathological Sophia per case on nostalgia, the Fred I didn't have the time to make a reservation. Non available with ten C10, D9, C10, D10, disorderly lay holiday. So I didn't have any money. And when I'm able solely non available for 3D. I'm sorry, but I don't have any coffee. My Nano cafe, mid SBRT, nano coffee. Are there any good restaurants near here? She saw she saw no debate restaurant. Of course you could say she saw no. They bought me a restaurant. I wanted to buy some Italian cheese. Del four majo Italiano. Therefore, majo Italiano. 104. 53n - let's practise - Italian to English: Now let's have a go at doing some reverse translations. What do these Italian sentences mean in English? And they solely per k non-GMO pack out, we add a solely per k nonempty ammo Bogata. We don't have any money because we haven't paid the bill. Per la kina, non available UK ERB pet llama kina. I didn't have the key for the car. Non-finance tau2, dtau, somatostatin, maltose Tango, Maslow, startle. I wasn't busy but I was very tired. Non-volatile non-volatile aroma. I didn't want to go to room. Non-potable. I couldn't do yesterday. The have any milk. I had everything. I was here at four o'clock. Non-potable. Non-potable. I couldn't find the hotel. Non-observable. Italiana. Haven't you tried any Italian viewed. 105. 53o - let's recap - English to Italian: Now let's try some recap translations to incorporate words and phrases that we learned in previous lessons. How do you say in Italian? Did you try the cheese? Up rubato format? Joe, lay up rubato, informal agile. It's at half-past a emit, so a alleyway emit. So I would like a tea for me and a coffee for her please. A cafe pedal, a pair of avoiding am cafe pedal, a peripheral away. I would like a return to get too big. I'm going to pay later. Stop. Stop or Bugatti. I would like some white socks. They can see Ni Bian Qi Descartes senior Bian Qi. Take is delicious, exquisitely. A squeezy. Go straight on, take the third rate on the right and then on the left. Vida assembly, burrito, a boy assembly. A point. Whereas the Pogge the hotel isn't here. It's the non-equity. Ella. 106. 53p - let's recap - Italian to English: And now let's do some Italian to English recap translations. What do these Italian sentences mean in English? Non. Non badly. Not for her. How much does it cost for ten days. Do you have any blueberries? Restaurant? Restaurant. How do I get to the restaurant? May I have some bread? Meno pedal? A bit less for him? Claudio. As cloudier brought something for lunch. They have that in red. Is TiVo TiVo assembly. The food is always terrible here. Where are the toilets?