Speak Clearly & Sound More Native: Master L & R Pronunciation in American English

1. Welcome to the Course: Hi, and welcome to Mastering L and R pronunciation. Speak American English clearly and confidently, where I will finally help you master one of the trickiest parts of English pronunciation, the difference between the L and the R. My name is Cal Hyslop, and I'll be your guide through this course. Over the last 20 years teaching university students and business professionals English, I've noticed a handful of small mistakes that they made when trying to properly pronounce clear L and R sounds. And today, I'm going to show you the same thing I've shown over 1,000 students that helped them sound more native. By the end of this course, you should be able to pronounce the L and R sounds more accurately, develop the muscle memory needed for clear pronunciation, and speak with greater confidence in everyday English. You'll also get access to downloadable resources, including your self assessment checklist, minimal pairs and sentence practice, conversation prompts, and audio files for pronunciation development. A to help you practice at your own pace and reinforce the lessons that we learn in this course. The ideal student for this course is anyone who wants to pronounce L and R sounds clearly, especially in conversation. Whether you're a student, a professional, or just someone eager to improve, you'll get the tools and techniques to finally master the L and R once and for all. If this sounds like you, then start today. 2. How to Use Your Class Resources: Before we jump into the lessons, I want to let you know that I've included four downloadable resources to help you practice and improve even faster. These materials are simple, effective, and designed to give you everything you need to succeed. Number one is the self assessment checklist. Use this before and after the course to track your progress and see how much you've improved. Right now, go ahead and download and you can see this section here before starting the course, simply answer these five questions one through five, one being the least and five being the most. This is a great way to begin. Second, we have minimal pairs and sentence practice sheet. This includes words and example sentences with L and R sounds so you can practice anytime. Three, conversation practice prompts, short natural dialogues to help you use L and R sounds in real speaking situations. And four, we have audio practice files. These guided audio tracks help you repeat words and sentences out loud, just like you would with a teacher. Okay, download these resources now, and let's begin the course. Please go to the next video. 3. Why L and R Sounds Are Challenging (and How to Overcome Them): Rice and lice. I know you know the difference, but how easy is it to say the difference between these two words? Quite often, I've heard people try to say rice. Ric. But it really came out lice. Ice. That's because in some languages, many people actually make the word sound like an L instead of an R. Just imagine if you're in a situation and you mean to say rice, but you say lice. For example, I ate lice for breakfast. What are lice? Certainly not breakfast. Why do some English learners mix up rice and lice, but others don't? It's not just about your tongue. It's also about your mouth. In this lesson, we'll take a look at why some English learners struggle with the L and R sounds. Today's learning objectives are number one to understand why L and R pronunciation is difficult for some language speakers. Here in Korea, it's certainly a struggle for many people. How about your language? Is there a clear L and R distinction in your native language? Number two, we'll take a look at a couple languages and how they sometimes struggle with L&Rs number three, we want to set ourselves a mini goal for this class. Of course, your big goal is how to distinguish between LNR and how to pronounce the difference between L&R. But today, we want a mini goal, and I'll show you what that is in just a moment. Great. Let's start with an interesting fact. Did you know that research shows languages such as Italian or Spanish, Korean, Chinese, Japanese, French, Turkish. They all struggle with clearly pronouncing in English the L and the R sounds. Why would that be? Well, the reason is because they don't really distinguish in their native languages, an L and an R. Let's ask doctor Paul Iverson, a linguist specializing in speech perception. He says and I quote if the language does not differentiate between two sounds, the brain categorizes them as the same making pronunciation difficult. Here are a few examples from different languages. Japanese and Korean. Although very different languages, they don't really have a clear distinction between the L and the R, specifically with their characters. Here on the left, we see the Japanese symbol that is for the L or the R. I'm not that familiar with Japanese, so I'm not certain how it's used, but I am familiar with Korean. Here we have the real and depending on where it's placed, it's usually an L, but it sometimes sounds like an R. So it can be confusing. The R in Spanish. Spanish speakers usually R slightly differently. They tend to have a trilled R. It's hard for me to mimic, but it's something like R. However, in America, at least in American English, the R is a bit softer. Words like red and rabbit or a bit softer, not red or rabbit. Russian speakers tend to do something similar. So maybe they'll say something like Run or River. Instead, in American English, it's Run and River. Notice how I'm curling my mouth Run River. In French, the R is a bit uvular. It's back in the throat. I can't reproduce those sounds. However, my American examples of words would be Road and round Road. Round. Now that we know a little bit more about common challenges with the L and R sounds, let's set ourselves a mini goal. What we're going to do is work on one sentence and get it perfect. But before I give you that sentence, are you familiar with the app, Google Translate. It's fantastic. If you don't already have it, download it, it's free. If you do have it, you're already one step ahead. Great. What I'd like you to do is please grab your phone either download that app or open it and get ready to record something. I'm going to give you a sentence and I want you to record yourself saying that sentence into the app and see how closely does the app show up what you're saying. Is it registering the same thing as you're trying to say? Okay, here is our sentence. Listen to me, say it, and then I want you to practice a few times before you record on the app and then give it a try. Listen to me first and then watch my lips and my tongue. Larry wrote a really long letter. We have one, two, three sounds. And one, two, let's see, three as well, R sounds. Let me say it again for you and look at my Ls and my Rs. Larry wrote a really long letter. One more time slowly. Larry wrote a really long letter. Okay, let me show you how you would do this in the app. Okay, once you have your phone and the application, go ahead and get it out, click on the application and adjust the languages. So English is on the left, and your language is on the right. And just press the speaker button and speak into your phone. Let me show you what it's like. We're going to use the sentence. Larry wrote a really long letter. Here we go. I'm pressing the button. Larry wrote a really long letter. Press the button again. Ideally, at the top, you should have the same sentence as I just spoke. The same sentence you see on screen. If you don't, it's going to say something funny probably down below in your native language. Great. Now you know how to use this app. Okay. Now it's your turn. Go ahead and record yourself, try it a few times and see how close you can get. And remember, this is a goal I don't expect you to get this right the first time. However, if you do, that's great. But if you make a few mistakes, see the mistakes that show up on the app, it might make the sentence funny in your native language. But keep practicing, keep trying. I think that by the end of this Curse, you'll be able to do it perfectly. Learning how to pronounce anything, whether it's L or R is just like training your muscles. It requires practice. The more you do it, the more you strengthen not only maybe the muscles in the mouth, but also your muscle memory. Then before you know it, it will be second nature and easy. Here's a quick review of what we've learned so far. We've seen that the brain processes the R and L as the same if they are not distinct in a native language. If a language does not differentiate between those two sounds, they're going to seem the same, it takes practice to speak and pronounce those differences. And correct pronunciation comes from developing new listening and speaking habits. That's practice, that's using your tongue correctly, and your mouth correctly. Fantastic. Now we're ready to move on to the next lesson. There we will break down the articulation methods in more detail. That means I'll show you how to more specifically pronounce the L and R with words, sentences, and then finally in conversations as we progress throughout this course. See you in the next video. 4. Mastering the Basics: Correct L and R Pronunciation: You might think that the biggest mistake in pronouncing L and R is just mixing them up. Think again. The real reason has something to do with what you do with your lips and your tongue. In this lesson, we'll uncover the simple things you should do to pronounce the L and the R sound, and by the end, you should be able to do it too. Native English speakers naturally round their lips when saying the R sounds. So what you want to look for when pronouncing the R is you don't want your mouth to look like this. It needs to round like this. We're going to practice that today. But first, we want to take a look at our objectives for this lesson. We want to learn the correct tongue and lip positioning for L and R sounds, and we want to practice minimum I'm sorry, minimal pair exercises to reinforce correct pronunciation. If you don't know what minimal pairs are, you'll see pretty soon. L versus R. Let's start with the word light. Can you say the word light slowly? Light Light. Pay attention to where your tongue is. Do that with me. Light. You can look at my tongue. You can clearly see it when I'm speaking. Light. Light. This is different from when you're saying the R sound. Light. Let's try three words with s. Light. Listen. Love. Again, Light. Listen. Love. In my experience, especially with my Korean university students, the sound is easier than the R sound, but we're going to make them both easier and clearer very soon. Let's start with an R sound, the word. Now I'm rounding my mouth right right. This time, your tongue does not touch the roof of your mouth. Instead, it curls slightly backward and your lips should round a little bit. Now, let's try the word red. Again, round your lips, tongue does not touch the top of your mouth. Red, red, red. Good. Now it's time to go through a few pronunciation drills, repeat after me. La sound. La, la. A la. Good job. Now, the R sound a ra ra. A a ah. Okay? We're warming up. Now let's go back and forth, switch them a, a ra. Can you see the difference? A a ra. Now try these minimal pairs. A minimal pair is a pair of words that have different meanings, but only differ by one sound. Minimal pairs are really important because they help train your ear to recognize the small differences between the R and the L or any other two sounds that happen to differ. When you can hear the difference, you can start to say the difference. So let's try. Light, write Light. Right. After each pair, if you want, you can pause and check with L. Is your tongue touching the back of your teeth, where you can see it like this? With R, are you rounding your lips and your tongue is not touching the top of your mouth? Next late rate. Late rate. Good. Let's continue. Luck rock Luck. Hopefully now you're starting to feel a bit of the difference and hear a bit of the difference. Let's continue. Three more three more minimal pairs. Lead, read, lead, read. Play, pray. Play. Preray. It's a little more difficult. The R and owl are after the first sound. P sorry. PulyPyPray. Same thing next. It's in the middle. Fly. That's a little more difficult. FFY Fry Great job. Now, let's have a small challenge. I'm going to say four words, and I want you to guess or you choose, you should be able to hear it. Hopefully. Or what letter am I starting with? Is it an R sound or an L sound? Okay, let's give it a go. Late. Late. Is that an R L? Yes, it's an L. Number two, Lock Luck. You can see, can't you? Yeah. That's an L sound also. All right. Let's continue. Read. Read R sound. Number four, Pre. Which one is it there, R or L P P. That's another R sound. Those words were late. Luck Read and pray. Remember that the more you practice, the easier it will become for you to not only see when someone is saying the R or L sounds, but you'll also pick up those subtle differences really quickly. Today for the letter L, remember, you relax your lips and your tongue is at the top of the roof of your mouth just behind your front teeth. For R, you round your lips and your tongue is slightly curled, but not touching the roof of your mouth. Fantastic job. In the next video, instead of just words, we'll take it a step further and we'll look at complete sentences. This should be fun. See you in the next lesson. 5. Practice & Self-Assessment: How Are You Doing?: You can hear the difference and see the difference between L&R and we've used a few words in our previous lesson. But can you do it in full sentences? Let's give it a try in this lesson. A study from the Journal of speech, language, and hearing research found that learners who practice pronunciation in full sentences instead of isolated words, develop clearer speech patterns and improve fluency more quickly. That's why in this lesson, we're going to focus on speaking full sentences, and we're also going to use a self assessment using the Google Translate app. But before we begin, let's take a look at this lesson's objectives. Number one, we want to practice pronouncing full sentences containing both L and R sounds. Two, we'll perform a self assessment using the Google Translate app to check pronunciation accuracy. Number three, we want to refine your pronunciation through targeted sentence drills. Remember in our first lesson, we looked at this sentence. Larry wrote a really long letter. You may have struggled with that. That's okay. That's our mini goal. We want to improve on that one sentence specifically. However, now I have three new sentences for you. Remember, you can always pause between sentences and practice just to make sure you're doing it okay. Our first sentence is Rachel loves reading by the River. I'll say this quickly. Rachel loves reading by the River. Let's try it. Rachel loves reading by the River. Good. Give it a shot, pause if you want. Our second sentence. The red light turned green. The red light turned green or slower. The red light turned green. Okay? Try it yourself. Good. In our third sentence, please play the right song. Quickly, please play the right song. Slowly, please play the right song. Okay, give that a try. Okay, now let's give it a try with the Google Translate app. But keep in mind, this is an app that does make mistakes occasionally. It makes mistakes sometimes when I'm trying to say a word and it comes up with something different. So don't feel bad if you make a mistake. It could be the app or it could be that you need a little more practice. Don't worry. Nonetheless, let's give it a shot. The first thing I want you to do is practice out loud a few times before using the app. Then use the Google Translate app to check your pronunciation. Best of luck. And then repeat steps one and two for the next two sentences. Are you ready? We're using the same sentences. Our first sentence is Rachel Loves Reading by the River. Try it with Google Translate. Okay. Good. Rachel loves reading by the River. Second, the red light turned green. The red light turned green. Okay? And finally, please play the right song. Slowly, please play the right song. Give it a try. Fantastic work. You've now practice saying sentences to yourself and you've even used the app to check your pronunciation. Don't worry if it wasn't perfect. If it was perfect, you probably would not be here taking this course. And try to practice using these sentences or other drills that we use using the Google Translate app. Do it once or twice a day, it'll be fun. But we haven't finished yet. We haven't gotten to those drills yet. We're going to put that in the next video. Stick around. We'll focus on fluency drills and structured exercises to make your L and R pronunciation even better. Keep practicing and I will see you in the next video. 6. L and R Pronunciation Drills (Initial, Medial, Final): You've trained your ears, you've put your mouth and tongue in the right positions. We've worked on words and we've worked on sentences. But are the L and R sounds coming out effortlessly for you? Probably not quite yet. That's okay. That's why now we're going to work on drills. Did you know that pronunciation is a muscle memory skill, just like learning an instrument or a sport? The more you repeat a sound correctly, the stronger your brain's neural connections become making pronunciation automatic over time. That's why in this lesson, we'll focus on high repetition drills to make L and R seem more natural and more effortless. But first, our objectives for this lesson. Number one, to strengthen your pronunciation through structured drills. Two, build muscle memory for smooth and natural pronunciation. Number three, increase your confidence in speaking LNR sounds fluently. All right. Let's get to it. Drill number one, alternating sounds. We've already done this, but let's warm up. La a la, la ra. Try it. Can you do it quickly? La a la a la a give it a try. La a, a a la ra. Okay. We're warmed up a little. Let's put these into words, minimal pairs. Low row, low, row, low row. Quicker. Low, row, low, row, low row. You can pause if you want. Low, row, low just look at my mouth. Low, row, low, row, low row. Try. Good. All right. More minimal pairs. Slowly light, right, light, right, light, right. I'm overpronouncing these so they're clear on what you should say. But when said quickly, it's like this. Light, right, right, right. Can you do that? Light, right, light, right, light, right. It's good practice. Give it a shot. Okay. Great. We finished drill one. Now, let's go on to the next drill where not only do we use words, we also use phrases. Drill two short phrases. All right. Larry likes red roses. Larry likes red roses. Quickly, Larry likes red roses. Larry likes red roses. Give it a try. The long road is rocky. The long road is rocky. Quickly, the long road is rocky. The long road is rocky. Try that, please. Okay. Next, really loud lions roar. Really loud lions roar. Quicker. Really loud lions roar. Really loud lions roar. Try. Remember, you can try these many times. Ideally, if you did these daily, you'd really start to see improvements quickly. Great job. Now, let's try drill number three, tongue twisters. Drill three, tongue twisters. If you haven't heard of tongue twisters before, I think every language has their own version. There combinations of words that are difficult to say quickly. We say twister because sometimes they're so difficult that even native speakers make mistakes. So it's a bit challenging. Let's give it a try. Red, Lori yellow Lori. Difficult. All right. Red, Lori yellow Lori. Red Lori yellow Lori. Can you do that? Red Lori yellow Lori. Okay, good. Larry's really rare lizard loves reading. Larry's really rare lizard loves reading. Quicker if you can or later if you're having a challenging time. Larry can even I can mix it up. Larry's really rare lizard loves reading. Larry's really rare lizard loves reading. Good. And rolling red ribbons, lightly lay on the long road. Wow, that's difficult. This is extra challenging. Slowly, try it slowly at first. Rolling red ribbons, lightly lay on the long road. The last two words are probably the hardest long road. Quickly, rolling red ribbons, lightly lay on the long road. Try it slowly, and if you're up for it, try it quicker. You can pause. Great. We worked with alternating sounds, drill number one. We played with short phrases, drill number two, and we struggled potentially with tongue twisters drill number three. Repetition and fluency exercises like these will help you sound more fluent and feel more confident over time. In the next video, we'll take it just one step further by practicing full sentences again, however, using linking sounds and connected speech. See you there. O 7. Fluency Practice with Real-World Phrases: Did you ever wonder why native speakers glide through L&R in natural speech? These sounds don't always stay the way you would expect. Let's break it down and see what really happens when L and R sounds blend into natural conversation. Native speakers naturally link and reduce sounds in fast speech, making it harder for learners to distinguish individual words. Let's take a look at our learning objectives. We want to understand how L and R sounds link to surrounding words in fast speech. We want to learn common connected speech patterns involving L and R. And we want to develop fluency by practicing natural speak patterns. When native speakers have conversations, they naturally blend the L and R sounds together. This is completely normal, and this is something called linking. Linking is when one word ends in an L or R sound, and the next one begins with a vowel. The sounds connect smoothly. For example, let's take a look at these words. If I say these slowly, this is what you would hear. Call Anna. Call Anna. But in normal conversation, it would sound like this. Call Anna. Hey, call Anna. Another example is for instance, for instance. Quickly, it's instance, for instance. Take a look at this sentence. What words do you think will connect quickly to blend into each other? Here's that sentence. Tell Eric the news. Did you guess the first two words? Tell Eric really would sound more like this. Tell Eric. Tell Eric. Tell Eric the news. Tell Eric the good news. Now let's practice blending L and R into natural speech. Repeat after me. Starting with the top, Will our office open early? Will our office open early? Quickly, it would sound more like this. Will, something like that. Will our office open early? Will our office open early? Next, they're arriving in an hour. They're arriving in an hour. Quickly, they're arriving in an hour. They're arriving. They're arriving in an hour. Next, tell her I'll call her later. Tell her I'll call her later. But quickly tell her, I'll call her later. Tell her I'll call her later. Tell her, I'll call her later. And finally, call Anna after lunch. Call Anna after lunch. Quickly, call Anna after lunch. Call Anna after lunch. Here are the top ten most common linked speech examples for L and R. Starting at the top, all of sounds like Olive. Can you repeat after me live. Good. All of it sounds more like all of it. All of it. Try that. Good. All of it. Tell us sounds like tell us, tell us. Good. Call us is call us, call us, give that one a try. And number five, feel it is more like feel it. Feel it. You need to open right here, feelelFel it, feel it. Fill it is different. Feel it, feel it. Good. The next five, will it becomes will it will it? You can try will it. Here it becomes hear it, hear it. Good. For us becomes for us for us. Where is becomes where is Where is? Where is that? Where is that thing I needed? Where is? And our own becomes our own, our own. This is our own idea, our own idea. This is This is our own idea. I'd like to make an important note. Keep this in mind, you don't need to master connected speech right away. If your goal is native fluency, it's a great skill to develop over time. However, for this course, our main focus is on clearly pronouncing L and R when speaking specifically. Understanding how linking words works in English is helpful, but don't worry if it doesn't come naturally yet. You'll get there. Just keep practicing, keep listening, keep trying, stay interested. Just takes a little time. To review, we looked at how L and R naturally blend with surrounding words in fast speech, and we practiced a little bit of linking, which is a key aspect of connected speech. In the next video, we're going to take everything we've learned and apply it to real world conversations so you can speak more confidently. Keep practicing and I'll see you in the next lesson. 8. Applying L and R Sounds in Everyday Conversations: And drills and exercises are great, but can you put your skills to work in real conversations? Let's give it a try. A study from the applied psycholinguistics journal found that learners who apply new sounds in real world speaking tasks retain pronunciation skills faster and more effectively than those who only practice with drills. That's why in this lesson, we're going to focus on using L and R in real conversations. You can sound clearer and more competent in everyday conversations. First, our learning objectives are two we want to apply L and R pronunciation in natural speech, and we want to practice real world conversations using L and R sounds. So let's start with these conversations. Just repeat after me. When ordering food, you might say something like this. I'd like a large rice bowl, please. Now, before you start, look at the word bowl, BOWL. The W is silent. So it sounds like bowl. Listen to me one more time. I'd like a large rice bowl, please. Can you try that? Go for it. Good. I'd like a large rice bowl, please. Okay. You could say it slowly. That's fine. Perhaps when giving directions, you might say turn right at the last light. Turn right. That's right. You're right. At the last light. Quickly, turn right at the last light. Go ahead and try. Okay. And when making small talk, someone might say, I really love reading long novels. I really love reading long novels. Quickly, I really love reading long novels. Give that one a try. Okay. Now we're going to try some dialogue. You're going to see two sections. One is my section, the instructor, and the other is yours, the student. I will say my lines, pretend we're acting, and you say yours at the bottom. Let's see how well we can do. Let's say we're taking a trip. I would say, Hi, Larry, are you ready for the road trip? And you would say, Yes, I'm really looking forward to the long drive. I will say MP part and you say yours. I won't repeat yours. Okay. Let's try it. All right. Acting. Hi, Larry, are you ready for the road trip? Okay. You can pause and practice a few times. We have a few more. I will say your response just so you know what it sounds like, but only the first time. Here's our next one. I say, great. Rachel loaded all the luggage. Can you help her lock the door? You would say, of course, I'll remind her to double check the lock. You got that one practice maybe real quickly. Okay. I'll go. Great. Rachel loaded all the luggage. Can you help her lock the door? Good. Okay, grilled lamb. I would say, we'll be stopping for lunch later. Would you like to try the local grilled lamb? You would say, That sounds delicious. I'd really love to try it. So my turn. We'll be stopping for lunch later. Would you like to try the local grilled lamb? Your turn? Okay, we're making progress. I would say, I also heard there's a little market nearby the rare I'm sorry, nearby with rare local crafts. It's a little hard to say. You would say, that's perfect. I'd love to get a red lantern as a souvenir. Souvenir. It's a little heart. My turn. I also heard there's a little market nearby with rare local crafts. Okay, souvenir. One more. I would say, let's make a list of everything we need for the trip before we leave. And you would say, Good idea. I'll write it down so we don't forget anything. Okay, my turn. Let's make a list of everything we need for the trip before we leave. Great job. The more you practice real conversations, the easier things become. Maybe just go through this one more time and practice my part and your part slowly. It might make a bit more of a difference. Now that you're using E&R a little more in conversations, let's explore some techniques to improve your clarity and confidence. Here are three quick strategies. Number one, when practicing, slow down and exaggerate, more than enunciate, pronounce, speak more speak louder than usual. When learning new sounds, slow down your speech slightly and emphasize the L and R until they feel natural. Record and listen on Google Translate. Use your phone or a pronunciation app, Google Translate. To record your speech and compare it to native speakers or compare it to your first, second, and third attempts. Practice makes perfect and something that really makes a big difference. I've seen this with some people here, some students and just friends of mine in South Korea. They've just listened to television shows or movies in English and mimicked, copied the speech patterns and the conversations and they sound native. It's amazing. This really works. I suggest watch videos or listen to podcasts and listen for the L and R sounds, then repeat out loud what you hear. It's an interesting mind body connection. So to review, we've applied L and R sounds to everyday conversations and we've learned a few strategies to refine your pronunciation. Remember, the more you push yourself to use these sounds, the more natural they'll become. In the next video, we'll wrap up this course with a final challenge and review what we've learned so far. Keep practicing. I'll see you in the last video. 9. Final Pronunciation Challenge & Wrap-Up: So, how much do you think you've improved so far? Well, there's only one way to find out. Let's put your skills to the test and see how far you've come. It's you versus Google Translate. For your final challenge, I would like you to read three sentences and record them on Google Translate and see how well you do. Can you say each of them at some point perfectly according to Google Translate? Give it a try. You may remember in our first lesson that I asked you to use the app with the following sentence. Larry wrote a really long letter. Let's do it again plus an additional two sentences to see how well you were doing. Okay, here we are, full circle back to Larry. Larry wrote a really long letter. Let's practice. Can you say it with me? Together, I take Gotcha Korean. Larry wrote a really long letter. Okay, Google Translate, take the app if you can now and see how well you do. Okay. I bet you did fairly well because you have been practicing this, right? Great. Now, here's the second sentence. I want you to watch me say it, and then I want you to practice a few times before recording. The bright red light reflected on the river. One more time. Slowly. The bright red light reflected on the river. If you want to try it quickly, the bright red light reflected on the river. Okay, give it a shot in Google Translate. Great. Now, here's the final sentence. Watch, listen, practice before you record. All right. Rolling rocks lightly land, near the road. Sorry, I'm laughing. It's maybe a little tricky. Rolling rocks lightly land near the road. A little quicker. Rolling rocks lightly land near the road. You can do it. All right try and Google Translate. Okay. All right, you've tried these three sentences. You probably did better with the first one. Practice these other two. On Google Translate, you can do it. Do you hear improvements in your pronunciation? I truly hope so. If so, that's fantastic. If not, don't worry. Improvements just sometimes take a little longer. All you need to do is continue practicing. Don't give up. Congratulations on finishing. But don't forget this. We have free resources for you and you can download them if you haven't already. In the beginning, hopefully you finished your self assessment checklist. This helps you monitor growth and build confidence. You can continue practicing with the L&R minimal pairs and sentence practice sheet, also a PDF. Your third PDF is your conversation practice prompts. It will help you transition from drills to real world usage, and I have audio files for you for pronunciation practice, MP three format. These also include transcripts. They will help you reinforce your listening and speaking through guided repetition and natural speech review. You can listen to them in the car while you're walking, laying down, or wherever is comfortable. If you haven't already, download those now. Also, at the beginning of this course, I asked you to download the self assessment checklist. Hopefully you finish these five, once you've finished, if you did at the beginning, go ahead and finish the last part. Answer those five. How much have you progressed? Again, thank you so much for joining this course. You are on the path toward progress. Keep practicing and I hope to see you in another course. Goodbye and remember that clear English starts with you.