Russian A1 Part 2

1. About part 2: Welcome to RussinF Beginners with Marina. This is the second and the last part of our A one course. Let me give you a quick recap of what you'll be learning. What does P two include? Part two has 12 hours of on demand video content divided into 40 lessons or four big chapters. At the end of each chapter, you will be offered a test to check your own progress. What does each lesson include? Each lesson, just like in part one, starts with a video presentation of new material, followed by hands on activities and ending with a quick self check. The variety of exercises will expand more and become more complex the further you progress. Then you will watch and listen to a dialogue between two Russian speakers and get a chance to practice speaking Russian yourself. Topics covered in part two are built around two main themes, people, where you will learn to talk about people's appearances, body parts, age, give compliments, make comparisons, name and describe possessions, express your feelings, and also share information you have heard from someone else. And actions. You will be learning the most important model verbs to be able to say, I can, I must, I need, and also mustn't or I don't have to. Also, you learn future tens, dive deeper into verbs of movements, and get introduced to a complicated concept of aspects of verbs, a complicated concept explained in the simplest possible way. On top of that, you will start expressing your likes and dislikes in more than one way. We will add adverbs so you can talk about whatever you do in a more colorful way. Then you will learn how to make requests in Russian. By the end of the course, you will be able to talk about lives and achievements of people of the past, present, and future, describe the course of your own life and someone that you know. All that and many more new exciting discoveries of the beautiful Russian language I here in the Russian for beginners with Marina Part two. If you're ready, Dano. Let's start learning together. 2. Gender of Adjectives: Siva Mancini, Glavlt In this chapter, we will be talking about adjectives. What are adjectives? Adjectives are words that we use to describe things, people, or places, the necessary to make the meaning of what we are saying clearer and more precise. If I say the word sky and ask a few people to draw it, I will get all kinds of pictures. But if I had adjectives such as clear, bright blue sky, the pictures that people draw will be more or less the same because I gave them a more distinct idea of what I was looking for. I did it using adjectives, clear, bright, and blue. And these descriptive words are exactly what we will be talking about in this chapter and today. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to say things like, I have a big expensive car or that bag is very cheap because it's bad. There is another thing you need to know before we start. In Russian, the adjectives change just like nouns do. In this A one course, we won't get too deep into that. For NA, just make sure that you put your adjectives right before or immediately after the nun you want them to describe. This little trick will guarantee that you will convey your message correctly. Another thing we need to know right at the start is that the adjectives, of course, take the gender of their null and this is something we cannot avoid without being misunderstood. We just won't be able to connect the adjective and the noun in our mid if the genders do not match. Let's keep that in mind. First, we'll learn the question, which, what kind? The question that lets us ask for the qualities or characteristics of a person, an object, or a place. The word which will change its form according to the gender of the noun it refers to. The masculine form is Kaoi. Kakoi the feminine form is a Kakaa. The neue form is ko, kakoa, the plural form is ****. Let's read them all once again. Kakao Kaki. Now, we will look at examples of how we actually use the word which in a sentence. We will start with the masculine noun. A house. Kakoidm Which house? Or what kind of a house? Kake ta Dom. What kind of a house is it? Kaui Ba Dom. What kind of a house do you have? Now, a feminine word, Mashna a car. Caaa Machina. Which car? Or what kind of car? Cala Eta Mahina. What kind of car is it? Caaatiba Machina. What kind of a car do you have? Now, a new ternun abc. An apple. Acablka. Which apple? Or what kind of an apple? Cala eta Yablka. What kind of an apple is it? Kakuetba yablaca. What kind of an apple do you have? A N a plural noun. Ditty. Children. Kake, ditty. Which children? Kaki at the dite? What kind of children are these? Kai iba dit. What kind of children do you have? It does sound a bit weird in English, but keep in mind that the word Kake is just the word we use to ask for the characteristics of someone or something. You can easily ask someone kitiba diti and the answer will be anything. Uma Michewchka, I have a boy and a girl. Um Dwaina, I have two sons. Um Milinke dite. I have little kids. All kinds of descriptions will be the answers to your question. Now let's look at more uses of the question, which and possible answers. A document. If we ask Eta document, what kind of a document is it? The answer will be Eta Pravrav meaning a driving license, va a game. What kind of a game is it? Eta. This is chess. Vote. An animal. Aovnae. What kind of an animal is that? Eta Riba. It is a fish. Sweet, flowers. The singular form is a flower, we took. I advise you to work on this word. It's singular and plural form a little bit because in the upcoming lessons, we will learn another word that sounds very similar to this, but has a very different meaning. Flower flowers. Sweet. A etti. What kind of flowers are these? Eta Rose. These are roses. The endings, eye that we have already learned are not the only existing endings of adjectives. There are variants. They all have rules and explanations, but my suggestion is not to try to understand why they change, but to understand how it will affect you. The masculine form of the word is how you will learn the word. It is the form that you see in the dictionary when you look something up. For example, if you search the word good in an English Russian dictionary, you will get the masculine form. Hoshi. From there, you will be able to change it according to genders. By the way, these variants of endings that you see above will not affect your pronunciation. They all sound more or less the same, but you do need to be aware of their existence, not to get confused once you encounter them. The word Hoshi and it's genders. The masculine form does not change. It's exactly the one that you see in a dictionary. A good house him Hoshi Dom. The feminine one, you will be able to make yourself. A good car, HosiahnaHoa Masha. The neuter one, again, you will be able to make it yourself, a good apple, Hoshi yablakaH yablaka the plural form, again, you can make it yourself. Good children. Hoshi.Hi ditty. Another word, bad Blah pla hoy. Masculine, pla him, a bad house. Bla him feminine, pha Masha, a bad car, playa machina. MuterlaHablk, a bad apple, pla hoy YablkaPlural. Blah, dit bad children. Blah dite Now, it is your turn. You will see a new word like this. Bal Sho, big Bal Shoi. Pause the video, M four examples just like we already did of a masculine word, a feminine one, a neuter one, and a plural one on pause and check with me. Don't worry if you make mistakes. It is a bit intuitive, so you will just start to fill it with time. But for that, you need to practice. Let's start. A big house. Bishoi Dom. A big car. Belshaa Mashuna a big apple. Bolshe Yablaka Big children. Bye. Another word, Malinki small or little Malinki a small house. Malinki Dom a small car. Milinka Machina, a small apple. Milka Yablka small children. Mini dete. One more new word. Dara go expensive Dara goi. Let's see how it works. We have a bag here, and I think you do remember the Russian word for the bag, Sumka. Now the question, aka Eta Sumka. What kind of a bag is it? It is an expensive bag. Eta Daaaumka. What if we ask the same question about a tablet? Planchetet Planchet. What kind of a tablet is it? It is an expensive tablet. Eta planchet. At listna now your turn to practice. Di Show cheap. Dishow. I will ask you a question, pause the video, answer like we just did on pause and check with me. Let's start. Ska Kakaa Eta Suka. Eta Diova ska. Poototoarat koutparat. Episode. Today, Alisa and dimir are traveling by car around Russia. Alyssa fell asleep in the car, so she has no idea where they are, Madret. Alisa, Coca Domenico G. Taint. Can eatable SG I didn't really want to awaken watching the gigasin Antuna. By Tung. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Alisa, Coca Dumas, Gia Mu. Alisa, what do you think? Where are we? But I don't know. AkoEtaGat. Which city is it? Eta Kazan, this is Kazan. Kaya Eta liza which street is it? Eta liza Lenina. This is Lenin's Street. Every city has a street called Lenin's Street. Pana tna, I see a aqui a tgurat Kazan What kind of a city is this Kazan? Kazan Eta Balogurad. Kazan is a big city. Is this vote million Chlawk? 1 million people live here. Is this Magazine. Are the shops here expensive? Sn is this Nichingaine. You know, the shops here are not very expensive. Notchinvd but the food here is very cheap and very good. At LichnaGreat. Pi Dom cafe. Let's go to a cafe. Pay Dom. Let's go. Let's play out the dialogue. Oh, Ascot Get. Cousin. Agigna Bai tov Cafe. By Dog. Alyssa. Coca Domes Dime. Eta Cousin a Lenina. Kazan eatable good dis revealed I didn't really want to awake. It's nice notch in the Rage magazine knows this chada In this lesson, we talked about adjectives. You learned how to ask someone to describe their objects and how to add details to things you say. For instance, how will you say? What kind of car do you have? Atba Machina. How will you say, you have a big expensive car. Uma Bisha Dagaa Machina. Or how would you say? The bag is very cheap because it is bad. Etasungachin soba musta a aha. Now a small challenge. How would you say? We have wonderful children. Alignakencur. That's Cordovaa 3. Common Adjectives: In this lesson, we will talk about ejects again. But this time, we will concentrate on learning new words. All the rules that we discussed in the previous lesson will apply, but we will focus on expanding our vocabulary. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, my husband is a handsome and smart man. Or my girlfriend is beautiful and young. Or my db is very interesting. Let's start learning new words. New versus old NuiOld Nova Mashna New car, Novaa Mashna Sara Mahina Old car, Stara Mashna young versus old Maladk Young SarOld Madaya Divska young girl, Maladaya Devshka SariaRnina Old Woman. SariaRnhina. Beautiful versus ugly or scary. Cassvi Beautiful. Strasny ugly or scary. Asw Dom. Beautiful house. Kasivi Dom Strosni Dom ugly house or a scary house, Strosni Boring versus interesting. Skushni. Mind the pronunciation of the word here. Skushni Boring. Interior sni Interesting interior snik. Skushniok a boring lesson Skushniok o An interesting lesson. Intereso Pagiarm, let's talk. For this exercise, you might need a piece of paper and a pencil. You will see a question like this, Cao Doma and you will hear the answer. Post video, repeat the answer that you heard on pause and check. Don't worry about understanding every single word. We will go over all thee sentences once the exercise is over. Let's start. Kakobm Bolshoi Malia Mdm Bolshoi nove Modom Bolshoi Kaka tbaZabaka Balsya MalinchyaKrasiva, Incrisiaumna, nochin Maya Zabakachin MalenkyaOch in KrasivaEchin, watching umnaya. Maya Sabaka watching Malinka watching asivachinchin umnaya, aka tibakoshka, Balsy Il Malinkaya Maldia I Sara, Maya koshka Blaya no chin Maldia Maya koshka, Balshya no chin MaladayaKakoi Tibe telephone, the agoyEldhov MalinkiElbalshoi, Umina Bolshoi, the Ragu telephone. Um Bolshoi Berilepon. Now, let's read and translate all the sentences to make sure everything is crystal clear. Kaki Bolshoi Menkitai. What kind of a house do you have? A big one or a small one. A new one or an old one. Mo Dom Bolshoi. My house is big and new. Kaka tib Sabaka Barsha Malenkaraum INchin. Umni means clever. Um. What kind of a dog do you have? Big or small, beautiful or not very beautiful. Smart or not very smart. Maya sabaauchin Mlinkchinava, chinchinm. My dog is very small, very beautiful and very smart. Kakao tbakoshkas Mlinka Madaya, I staria. What kind of a cat do you have? A big or small one, young or old. Maya koshka Balsya, no chin Madaya. My cat is big, but very young. Kao tib telephone Malinki Bho. What kind of a phone do you have? Expensive or cheap, small or big. Um Bolshoi Dagi telephone. I have a big and expensive phone. I'll ask you all these questions once again. Answer according to your own possessions. Let's start. Aktibm Bolshoi Mini notari Kaka Utbasabaka Bolsa I MlinkaKras Illini Cressa umnea Ilichintba koshka Bolsa, I Mlinka Malada ItaeKakoitbe Telefon, Dague Do MalinkiEba Shui. I hope you can ask and answer all these questions with this now. Episode Soc three. Today, Alisa and La Dimir are talking about their purchases. Madrid. AlsaJuttal? Ma. No were Masrina. SudnaO lgnacsrina An Amina Anaud ran taka Malasia. Banana. Am Suzuki Sven. To Mini. Net. By Shona tosechaw. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Alyssa Butchie ShilvaTakoi means so Takoi and it behaves exactly like any other adjective would behave. Takoi so she's levy. Happy. She's sleevy. Mind the pronunciation here. And together, sound like she's levy. She's levy. Happy. She's levy. Alisa, Pmtvaa Alisa, why are you so happy? Uma Nova Mashna. I have a new car. Yeso AdnaO more at Lichna. Great. Acacia iba Mahina, what kind of a car do you have? Anaalenkn Krasne is the first color that we are learning in this course. Krasne means red, Krasny. Many more colors are yet to come. An Malena Krasnaya. It is small, beautiful, and red. AmadlKacaa and what model is it? No Anna Pijo. Well, it is Pijo no Madel Npomno but I don't remember the model. KrasnTakaa MilinkeKrav. It is so red, small, and beautiful. Noda Kahn, iperf Panatna. Well, yes, of course. Now everything is clear. Amina nove motazko and I have a new motorcycle. Suzuki as we raised pet Noll hi. Suzuki a 65 ox. Toje MlinqiKrasiw. Is it also small and beautiful? Nt Palsoi No Toj O chin Krasiv. No, it is big, but also very beautiful. Let's play out the dialogue. Mia, Nov am a shrima. Anna Mlinkavrana. No, on a podia nom. Crank Mink, Csa. To Miniv Alisa, live. Shuna At legna A cocoa would you be a mhrina? A adlcah banana, AmuiPN by Shui Natsach. In this lesson, you learned quite a few new words that will make your sentences much richer and help you express your ideas better. Let's see your progress. How will you say, my husband is a handsome and smart man. Mina. And how will you say, my girlfriend is beautiful and young. May Dava MadayaO how will you say, My job is very interesting. Maya Rabota chin Iteris Atchnak 4. Colors: Privet. In this lesson, we're going to focus on vocabulary, animals, colors, fruits, and whatnot. We will also learn how to ask what color something is, and, of course, how to answer this question. And at the end, we will learn how to talk about your favorite things. I would like to start with learning the names of some animals right now. Let's start. You already know this one, Sabaka a dog, SabakaRba a fish. Riba. Carova a cow, Carova Zebra. Zebra. Zebra. Giraffe, Giraffe Giraffe. Lisa, a fox. Lisa Sloan An elephant. Sloan. Liguska, a frog, LgushkaKrol, a rabbit, Krolik. Leif. A lion, if. Petiza a bird, Petizza. Lohit. A horse, Lohit. Finally, something familiar. Koshka a cat. Koska. Flamingo, flamingo, flamingo. And Russian favorite Mit wt. A bear. Mitt. At the end of the lesson, we'll go over these animals again. But that time, I will ask you to name the colors. The winacho is a choice. Vita. Colors. Vita. Singular form is sit a color. Swett. Let's learn some colors now. Red, KrasniKrasni. Yellow. Ulte ultiGreenZiloni, ilioneOnge. Arango Angevo Brown. Carigv Carrig nevi. Dark blue. Sini Sini. Light blue. Galo boy galobiPink. Rosa we Rosa we. Gray. Serie Serie. White. Belly. Belly. Black. Corn, Corney. Let's read all the colors once again. Krasni Rote Ziloni AngricniGlu Boy, Rosavi Ceri Billy Corney. Here's an example of how useful colors can be. The Lubes Zilione Chi Il Corne. Do you like green tea or black tea? Green tea, Zilione Chi Black tea. Corn Chai. CacovaTweta. What color is cacova Sweta? Let's practice answering this question. You will see a picture like this. AplicineOnges, aplicini. Singular form is aplicin I will ask you a question like this, cacovazwta aplicine. Pause the video, answer the question using all the colors we have learned. Don't forget to put the word in the appropriate form. Feminine, masculine neuter or plural according to the noun that you see. On pause and check with me. Let's start. Cacvata A Plisine Atlsin AngevPamdi singular form is Pam Dacovazeta Pam doe. PamdiKan Agurzi a singular form is just a tiny bit different. Agouracova Sweta Agurs. Gone. Vina grat. We usually use this word in a singular form Vina gratGrapes. Cacovatwta vinagrat. Vnegratornv eta Limon. Lemon te Kartoska. We usually use this word in a singular form. Kartoskaata KartokaKartoska, arichnv the word ubimi has a few meanings in Russian. Literally, it means beloved. So if you address your boyfriend or husband, you could use Moi Lubimi my loved one. We even substitute the word boyfriend with the word Lubimi at times, especially when people are in committed relationship. A friend might ask you, Cctvi ubimiHs your boyfriend? Of course, it will change its form if we talk about a girl. Lubi Maya Maya Lubi Maya, my beloved one referring to a lady. It can be less intense but still very meaningful, not necessarily having a romantic connotation. My lovely mother, Maya Lubi Maya mama, my lovely father, M Lubi Mi Papa, and many other cases. Another very common meaning is favorite Lubi Lubi Maya, Lubi Moe Lubi Me favorite. Let's practice using it. I will ask you a question like this. Kaki tiba u Bim Svit. What is your favorite color? And give you a selection like this. Krasny, Route lone range, Carci Sini, globoiRosaw, Ceri Bel Corney. Then you will see the word to use a new sentence like this. Pause the video, give the answer on pause and check with me. Don't worry. As always, we will go over all the sentences with the translations at the end of the exercise. Let's start. Aktibaubkoshka, SabakaRbaE Jaffe. Maybe Sabakaaibubm, gra, football, hike, tennis, I Shahmt Maya Luba Let's go over all the sentences one by one. Kakoitiba lube. What is your favorite color? Mi ubimiGluby. My favorite color is light blue. Akotib What is your favorite animal? Mayo ubimav Sabaka. My favorite animal is a dog. Kakaatiba ubimag. What is your favorite game? Maya ubimaa My favorite game is chess episode satire. Today, Alisa and L Dimer are talking about their favorite things Marit Alsana Lupita Bakafvmdvich, Mina Here reward, chid chico Lubestrana. PrastosT is nice, yellow, blue ties ubimstraa Nova Zandi, dochinrisv pri ruda I would watching he Amitraland tambePTVano uti Lubima music. Yello blue classical, Epp musical. Aisha, RuskiRokOtiba.Oychblue dress. The Tolko dress. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Alissa, Kakoatiba ubimavtn Alissa, what is your favorite animal? Eta Nprastvapros. It is not a simple question. Mao ubimav Eta Sabaka. My favorite animal is a dog. Il jirov or Giraffe. Il Lev or a lion, Il Midwt or a bear. Mets Nao. No, I don't know. Si votnhenhosi. All the animals are very good. Noda Eta Let. Well, yes, but my favorite animal is a horse. Ya hasta Jatritnanik. I often go look at them. Auch Cravotn they're very beautiful animals. Akakaatiba ubimaa Strana. And what is your favorite country? Eh E tiprastova Pros. Yes, in Russian, we have a variety of these simple little words. Eh, oh. And almost all of them are interchangeable. E E ten Prastova Pros. Wow, that is not a simple question. Tij is nice, luto. You do know that I love traveling. Not Maya ubimastrana, Eta nove Zalandia. But maybe my favorite country is New Zealand. TaochenKava PriodaPrioda, Nature PriodaTaochen rasvaPrioda. Nature there is very beautiful. Iludiochin harroh and people are very good. Amaya Lubi tran, Yam, Eta Islandia, my favorite country, I think, is Iceland. Yasa Tamba. I was there last year. Prost atn simply unbelievable. Akakaiba u Bmamzka. And what is your favorite music? Ya Lu blu, classic I pop musico. I love classical and pop music. Ho uskiRock and also Russian rock. Atiba and yours Aya Ohi Lu blu jazz, and I love jazz very much. Da Tolke jazz. Yes, only jazz. Let's play out the dialogue. I ProstovaP MbmawotnEzabaka, Eliav ElavElmwch Mayo evotnOhiharoh. Ayottratralandia, Tambo prostata Yebu classical, pop musical Aisha, RuskiRock Ateba. Alisa ko Ube ubmavotnNdo Luba von watching Gracevotn Eni PrastoPs This is nice, yellow, blue, Bush for it. No ubimstrana Eta, Nova sandia.Tom chin CravaPriuda, Hosea coyote bm music. Your chil blue dress, the Tulcu dress. In this lesson, you learned many colors, many animals, some fruits and vegetables, and you also learned how to talk about your favorite things. Let's check your progress. StotEtaabaka. Cava Eta SabakaEtzabaka, Sto Eta Eta Rub Cava Snita Eta Riba. Eta Riva snea Iotaa StoetaEtacarova. Caovcta Eta Carova. Eta CarovaKarcna, Ebel. Stoeta Eta Zebra. CaovaZetae Zebra. It is Buble churn. Sto Eta Eta Giraffe. Cava Sita, EtafEtaafb Sto Eta Eta Lisa Covieta Etsa Etsa ngvaEgb Sto Eta Eta Sanu acoetaanElan, seria. Cachoa Eta Jevotn EtigushkaKacovieta, et Legushka. Eta gushka Zilliona, AcacoaEtajevot, Eta chrlic Akovtietaeta Krolic added ric belly, Cacetvot at the lef. Acoaztaeded less. Added les cariciKaco JevodnEtatizza. Acacoazeta Eta tizza. Eta TizzaGuba Rosevir angevE Zillionaechin, crecia tizza. Acacoa Eta Jevotna Eta Loche. Cacobaztaet ose. Eta osheKicniva. A Eta Kaka Jevotn Eta koshka. Acacobazta eta koshka. Eta Koska Chernaa Akaca Eta Pizza. Eta Flamingo. Acacova Seta Eta Flaminga. Eta RosevFlaminga. Aeta Kajava Etats Eta Midwt Acacova SetaEtamtwt. E midwzKachnw class Yama Acts Zakanchnshurok. That's CoramaPaktaka. 5. House: Dome. In this lesson, we will talk about houses. To be more precise, we will talk about rooms and furniture in the house. By the end of the lesson, you will have no problems describing your own apartment, saying things like, in my house, there are two bedrooms, a living room, and the kitchen. NO house. Eta. This is our house. We live here. What is there in a house? A room. We have two rooms. Zal, a living room, Spina, a bedroom. Yeshua yes. Also, we have Kucha, a kitchen. Vanaya a bathroom. Toilet, a toilet. Let's name the rooms in the house once again. Zao SpalaanKuha, toilet. Now we will talk about the furniture in the rooms. We will start with the living room. Auto Vale. What is there in a living room? A sofa, Divan. A television. Televisor. A carpet, Cavior. So it vas Vale. What is there in your living room? Yes, we do prefer using the UmiaUtibaa uvas structure instead of the possessive pronoun, Mill, toi, Zal Nash, al, A. It is more natural, more native like. It is also simpler because there is no gender or case changes. Uvas Vale. What is there in your living room? Una Zale yes Divan, Televisercador. In our living room, we have a sofa, a TV, and a carpet. It would be great if you looked around yourself now or thought about your living room if you're not there at the moment and named everything you see. Start with Uminazalyst, or if you don't live alone, you can say unas Valist Next room, Spana. A bed cravat. A wardrobe, Scoff. A carpet. Caves Sp. What is there in your bedroom? UnaraveKav. In our bedroom, there is a bed, a wardrobe, and a carpet. Cuchna a chair is stool chairs Stola cupboards, Scaffu Table stolen. Yes, Naugne. We use the preposition Na instead of only when we talk about the kitchen. So to say in the living room, we will say Vale. In the bedroom, span in the kitchen nuchae. What is there in your kitchen? Una esta Schaff is stop. In our kitchen, there are chairs, cupboards, and a table. Time to practice. We visited three cont. You see three rooms. You will hear the audio now. Listen to it two times. Pause the video and decide which room is being described. Then unpause and together, we'll go over the whole text sentence by sentence, trying to understand why the other two rooms don't fit. Let's start. Eta al sale yeast divan, this yest sue Malinchish calf Vicomte yest ampa Bolsokajur yeast this yest Dwignaeas Eta sal sale yest divan, this yest Malinch calf mate yest ampa Ebel Sokajort yet yesn let's check. Eta sal. This is a living room, Zale yest divan. There is a sofa in the room. Correct. This yest stall, there is a table. Correct. E Malinchsh cuff and a small cupboard. Correct. Omete yest ampa, there is a lamp in the room. Correct. All three rooms have that E BalseiKavog and a big carpet. One yest site the room number two and number three do have flowers, but the room number one doesn't have any flowers. This yest Dina. The room number two has two windows, but the room number three has one window only. E and a beautiful clock. That also checks out, so the correct answer is the room number two. Film episode Soak pet. Today, Alissa will tell Vladimir about her current apartment and the place where she used to live. As. Damien by hosuai Italy ser. Via par Adnan. Enam Nib So No, Wahinohdm D tajaTrispae, b So Cuch I Alstom Avenue Et. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Alisa Agadir citas Rivo. Alissa, and where do you live now? Sita a quart Quartra A flat or an apartment. Quartra Cichaqarre. Now I live in an apartment. He used nice. You know it? Haro BalsaKarta a good big apartment. A YateOh, yes, I was there last month. Dada, yes, yes, Poma chin B Shosal. Do you remember, I have a very big living room? Tam yest toole Divan, Italy Viser. There is only a sofa and a TV set. DVs pale and two bedrooms. AdnamaO is mine. Adnadt and one for when I have guests. Be Yom and you have a good kitchen. I remember. Kuhn Eta vja. Wajna means important WajnaKuh eta vja. Yes, Kitchen is important. Trina haulaf. There are three windows and cupboards, cupboards, cupboards. Anche Dig Digi and where did you used to live earlier? Ranee mab Dom. Earlier, when I lived in Sweden, I had a house Nib Shoe not a big one, but a very good house. Dw Eta Trip Kuhn Ilstia Attach floor, etag Eta *****. Two floors or two stories, three bedrooms and a big kitchen together with a living room. Yeah, a pet hat Dome. A pet means again a pet. Yeah, a pet hat dome. I want to live in a house again Anum dive sa Bake, Ecot and in it, two dogs and a cat. Let's play out the dialogue. Usen Ho Baa Carta. Dadaism chin by choza Tam istolkdaE wiser, et via spal Adnan, caminata caf Cafu Cafu. Rambo. No, Waino Da trispaboKuh AltepYtmPs mean progress caza Perusqe in my house, there are two bedrooms, a living room, and a kitchen. Dome Cugat Perusqe my living room, there is a beautiful sofa, a small but a very expensive carpet, a table, four chairs, and a very big new TV. Um, yes Cavan, Malinke no Ochin Dague cavor so Cittuaochin Bolshoi nove televisor. AtlesnaPgress, yes, that's Cava. Mm. 6. Ordinal Numbers: Tet, I would like to start today's lesson by revising numbers. Very briefly 1-10. Let's count Tigara Adina Schist. S Voices At lisa. The reason why we did that is that in this lesson, we're going to talk about ordinal numbers. Ordinal numbers are used to indicate the order of sex. Words like first, second, third, et cetera. After we finish that, we will learn the days of the week, how to name them, and how to say when things happening on Monday, on Tuesday, at the weekend and Ordinal numbers. First, per per. Second, Fai Third, fourth, hit Verte, hit verte fifth, data 67th, Sid Mdm eight, Wemo Wemo. Ninth Jivat tenth Dictate. Let's read them all one more time. Pierotti the days of the week. The day is Din the week is Nida, let's look at the days of the week now. Monday, Bank. Bendik. Tuesday, k Tork Wednesday, Sada Thursday. Chitw Chitw Friday, Patna, Patna Saturday, Subotaubota Sunday vascria vascrsa Monday to Friday are called workdays. A Nava, abo i, working days, abocaN Saturday and Sunday are called the weekend. SubotaeKrsena, Nava, we had Na. Weekends, we had Nia. A Eta D Nd. Which day of the week is it? We're going to practice both ordinal numbers and the days of the week now. You have a little cheat sheet on the left. You will see a day of the week like this. ChitwkPase the video and make a sentence saying that Thursday is the fourth day of the week. Let's start. Chitwk. It Civit SubotaottPondli. Pond Pervi Didi as Christiana. Vos crisna Sidmoi Didi Fornknk Did PetnaPetnPat Did Srida i. Let's look at some common time indicators. IvognaTday ivogna hira yesterday. Ira posira the day before yesterday. Pashira the other way from today forward now. Zara tomorrow Zaras stra, the day after tomorrow. Pos Zaftra. Let's see how sentences are formed using all these words. Kakoiv D. Which day of the week is today? In the present tense, we will say today and name the day of the week. Pause the video now and answer the question. Unfortunately, I don't have the means of knowing which day of the week you're watching this lesson. After you pause, I'll give you all the possible answers. Kakoivo Did CivnaPangli, SivoaForn Civona Sereda, Sivona Cetvic SivogPatn Sivona SubotaZivona Crescena. Kaki Dia. What day was yesterday? When we use the past tense, we will need the verb to be in the appropriate gender according to the day of the week. B. Pause the video now. Give me the true answer for your situation at the moment on pause and I will give you all the possible answers. Let's start. Chia PondicVcha Bu torn ira Bula SridaFVcha Biletccha Bula GetNsaFchera, Bula Subota, Vera B V Crisana. Or Bosa cha. Same pattern. Pazavcha buil Pondic, Pasavcha Biltorn, Pazvcha Bula Sida, Pazavcha bull Chitwk, Pazavcha Bula Bagnza, Pazavcha Bula Subota, Pazavcha Bula Vs Cristina. Kakoi D Niddi Zaptra. Welcome to the future tense. What day of the week will be tomorrow? ZaptraTmorrow, followed by the verb to be in the future tense, Budit and the name of the day. Zaptra Budget Pandyk Zafrabujit tornik Zafrabugit Sida, Zafra Budget Chitwk ZafrabujiPetna, Zafra Budget Zubota Zaptra Budget Vs hrsnaOpsiZaftra. Postle sara buds PondliPossafra, Buddhist FornkPosesafra, Buddhist SridhaPosl safra Buddhit ChatwPoezafra, BudiPoseZafra, Buddhi SubotaPose safra Buddhist Vascrsena. Let's revise all the questions, answers, and patterns. I will ask the question and give the answer that is accurate for my situation now. Akoiva de nd SivoPondlk Cara. Via Bula Christiana. Kao poavchPozvcha, B Subotaa Budatra Zaptra Budtornk Budgets saftra posi safra Budget Srida. Now, I'll give you the day of the week that is today and you give me the whole pattern. Yesterday, the day before yesterday, tomorrow and the day after tomorrow. Let's start. Sivoga Srida ivo rita hirable Tornik, Paavhiable pandilni, Zafrabug Chitwk, posy Zavrabuget Patna. Let's try another example. Ivoa was risena ivoahrisen a Ba SubotaPazvcha, B Batna Zaptra Buddhist Pandli. Pose Zatra Buddhist Fornic. Let's do it one more time. YvonaPetnza. Vera Chew Pazvcha Bria Zaptra Buddhi SubotaPoZaftra, Buddhi vas Crisena. When answering the question, Ka Da with the days of the week, we will have to use the preposition, plus the day of the week in the accusative case, Monday pontic, Kak Da on Monday. Pondlk Tuesday, VtornkKagda on Tuesday, atornk Wednesday, Dada on Wednesday, do Thursday, hit wk, aka on Thursday, hit wk. Friday, BitnaO Friday, Benisu Saturday, SubotadaO Saturday. Subotu Sunday rita on Sunday VarenPakva, let's talk. I will ask you a question like this, at. You will see a prompt like this, pause the video, answer the question, and pause and check with me. As always, we will go over all the sentences with their translations at the end of the exercise. Don't worry if something is unclear now. Let's start. But Rabota pontic, ator Sad chitwnduboa UchRzke I uchauRuske torni it if Subotugda Smotsh Lubimi serial. Lubalcrisen Cada Rana. A Rana abocPna Ya Poznan. Let's go over all the sentences once again. A abut. When do you work? RabotoPendln, Worked Chert. I work on Monday, on Tuesday, on Wednesday, on Thursday, and on Friday. At the high. When do you rest? At the Hi of Subot I rest on Saturday and on Sunday. I key. When do you study the Russian language? Izu Rkornzuboto. I study the Russian language on Tuesday, on Thursday and on Saturday. Kata Smtubm serial. When do you watch your favorite TV show? Yes MadrubmalKriena. I watch my favorite TV show on Sunday. A. When do you get up early? Abo Cg. I get up early on weekdays. Pozna. When do you get up late? YavaPznan. I get up late at weekends. These pas Madre Namal film episode Sakshst. Today, Alissa will tell Vladimir what her ordinary week is like. The white is not it. Ivory Siva Pond Pendyk Pendnk. Pidio Apatini Miskigazine entro Apata baby Bina Doma, Gato bocrigig let's read the dialogue line by line. Ivoa Krisin. Today is Sunday, Hoshi Den a good day. Von Watching harsh Den. Today is a very good day. Blue New Year. I love weekends. As after Budget Pendlk and tomorrow will be Monday. Penn Watching blue. I don't like Mondays very much. Pond, what do you do on Monday? At on Monday and on Wednesday, I work. ApatouchNimsk. After that, I study German. Avtornk and on Tuesday, Work atav Magazine. On Tuesday and on Thursday, I work and I go to shop. Ampauuruit fruit vegetable. Ocuparuct there, I buy fruits and vegetables. A penisu and on Friday, Pena boto. On Friday, I also work. Padre H bar and after that, we my girlfriends and I go to a bar. Eta abociiT is on weekdays, Vhanee and at weekends. Subotobchna Doma. On Saturday, I'm usually at home. GatovlubhGv to cook. The word conjugation is very similar to that of Lubitz. Remember how we say a ubu. We suddenly add letter O, at the end. Same thing here, Ya Gatovu but only after I, it appears. The rest ones are exactly the same. Conjugation to, no other exception. Gatovlu GoviGvi Anna GoviviGtoyT cook, Gatovi. Ubi rats to clean. Actually, literally, it means to clean up the mess, but we use it for cleaning the house. Ubi rats to clean. Gavlbd I cook, I clean, I rest. Yes Dag on Sunday, I always walk. Votago here I am walking today. Hurrah. It is so good. Let's play out the dialogue. Ohs PilkPondnk blu. Apatok magazine epauHdenv bar. Suboto a Bina Doma, Gato Obero what the hell you scrisin. Again, Yago. CivVcricena Shug torn. Today, we'll art the original numbers and the days of the week. Let's revise. I'll give you a number 1-7 and you need the day of the week. Pernamb ****. 7. How Beautiful: Be in this lesson, you will learn how to describe people's appearances, how to express your own opinion, and how to comment on someone or something. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, What a beautiful city. In my opinion, here they have cozy cafes and tasty buns. The n. LudiPp Ludi. We will start by looking at some descriptive words that we might want to use when talking about people. Look at him on Gracevi He is handsome, KrasvO Vsoki. He's tall, VisokiO Stroni he's fit StroniO Slni hes strongnOKav Vosoki Stroni Silni Let's look at the opposites of these qualities. Nick a sew. Not handsome. Ni seve Milinke Short. Mliny. PulnyOweight. Pulny. Slobby, weak, slobby. Ni sewy Mliny. Pule slobby. Look at her now. Anna Criswa She is beautiful. Resva Viscya tall, Viscya Stronya Slim, Stronya simpatichnaa. Pretty simpatichnaya. Anna Krasva Vika, Stronya simpatichnaya. Let's look at the opposites of all these qualities. Nkrsva not beautiful. Milinkaa short Milinkaa Pul Naya plump. Pul Naya Stromna weird. Very modern word that describes anything weird or unusual in a bad way. Stromanankra Siva, MlinkaaPulna, Stroman Maopinon Mena. We can always say, a Dumau I think. But more often you will hear Pamoemu in my opinion, pa Moemu Pat Woe Mu, in your opinion. Pat vom Buta in your opinion, when we talk to someone older or with whom we are in a formal relationship. But Wham. Let's practice now. You will see a picture like this, and I will ask you a question like this. Ca pat Vom Eta Got. Pause the video, answer the question, on pause and check with me. Let's start. Ca pavo et Kasi Gat. Pamoemo Eta watching asigort. Kak patoemo Eta interesn doom. PaomoEtOchin Skushn Dom. CakPtwimoEt a KasivaKartna. PaomoeNUchin KasivaKartina. Kak PvomoeHarhi Matrski Pomo EnchinpakPm at the interin film. Pam Etchin interin film. Cakpameav Mesta. PaomoEtachin, Kris Mesta. Let's go over all these sentences now. Kak pavemoeraGot. In your opinion, is it a beautiful city? Paomoetchin Kras God. In my opinion, it's a very beautiful city. CapoemEt interesting doom In your opinion, is it an interesting house? PaooEtaOch Skuhni doom. In my opinion, it's a very boring house. Cacpatemoe the Crisiv Cartina. In your opinion, is it a beautiful painting? Paomoenchin KrasvaKartna. In my opinion, it's not a very beautiful painting. Kak patemo Eta harsh Matryoshke In your opinion, are these good Matroshkas or Russian dolls? Paooechpt Matrok. In my opinion, these Russian dolls are not very pretty. Ak patmoE Iterisnfl. In your opinion, is it an interesting movie? PamomoeOchen Iterisnfil. In my opinion, this is a very interesting movie. Patm Eta Mita. In your opinion, is this a beautiful place? PammoEtt. In my opinion, it's a very beautiful place to express what a beautiful thing. What a beautiful person, or what a beautiful place. We will need to remember how the word akoi changes according to different genders, because that is the word we use in this expression. KacoikacivF masculine. What a beautiful aca CrisivaF feminine. Cakoe risive for neuter. Aka Crisivia for plural. Let's see how it works now. What a beautiful girl. KakaaKasv Devska. What a cozy room. Cozy means UtniuteKautnaa Komnata. What a big dog. Kakaa Balsya Sabaka what a cute baby. Cute means Milli. Milli. What a cute baby. Kakoi Milli Ribonak. What a strong man. Kakoi Sne Mushina What a tasty tea. Tasty. Kushi Kuzne. What a tasty tea. KakoiKzn Chai. TaaalFlm Episode Sookim. That's Today, Alyssa has joined the gym. She will tell Vladimir why she decided to start exercising. Matrit. Alscotlepor. Puccio Pao etching sports out. To Trias of Nigeria Ni Adina Vigo. Me Alisa art Darin. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Alisa, Cativa. Alisa, how happy you are today? Watching. Yes, very.TipYa Sports. Sports gym. Sports. TipirjJ Sportsu. Now I go to the gym too. Japono I understood apacemo, but why? Smtrictil is tronei. Look how strong and fit you are. Ya I want to, meaning I want to be like that, too. Pamomo at the Ocen vaga Jadi Porzal. In my opinion, it's very important to go to the gym. Van, and eating well is important too. Asada Ras means time, like when we say one time, two times, three times, et cetera. Asada. I come here three times in a week. Three as of Nigel, Eta Nima monogaT times in a week, it's a little bit too much. This is not how we usually say it. It just sounds funny. That's why Alyssa chose these words Nmnoga monoga a little bit too much. Moje bit Adina Eta das tatchna Datatechna means enough. Das tatcna Moje Bit Adnras Eta das tatcna maybe one time is enough. Aden Ras Vid one time in a week. Met Alisa Data chna No, Alisa. Unfortunately, not enough. Hao nach Duarnd. Okay, it means two times a week. BudoKrav StronYslna I will be beautiful, fit and strong. Let's play out the dialogue. In pia Sporza. Scott, sta three ras of Nigelloe Adra et da Stacna. On Dugvtrona. Also Yao ApochimoPao e WachvajaH sporzoTaoT varnaTaanigo. Soda Adina Vigo Niice, and you need a star tachna. In this lesson, you learned how to talk about people's appearances. It would be great if you took a minute now to describe a couple of people in your life, in writing or verbally, whichever way you please. Today, you also learned how to express an opinion. Let's check your progress. KokkaztParsk. What a beautiful city. In my opinion, there are cozy cafes and tasty ones here. And what do you think? Were you wear dressing is a person we are friends with. Acavgam this unausnblokm Atisna Masva so thats Coca Baca. 8. Accusative Case of Adjectives: In this lesson, you will learn how adjectives change. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, I want to eat black grapes and green apples and I want to read an interesting book. You will also learn why the word beautiful is different in the following two sentences in Russia. I want to buy a beautiful house and I want to buy a beautiful flat. Let's revise the accusative case, which is a necessity with some verbs such as visit to see. For example, V I see. If we say, I see a flower, we will say vivio I see a dog. Feminine nouns take a U ending. Remember, vi Sabaku I see a tree, u iv. I see flowers. But what if we added an adjective? Same thing, it will only affect the feminine form of the word. I see a beautiful flower. To. I see a beautiful dog. Sabako. I see a beautiful tree. Diva I see beautiful flowers. Vi. Let's practice. Another verb that requires the accusative case is at to want. ShoteHches. What do you want? Or what would you like? Ya chu I want. We will use this phrase to make sentences. You will see a picture like this and the name of what you see like this, B Shoi Magazine, a big shop. Pause the video, make a full sentence, keeping in mind how feminine words will behave. Say, I want a big shop, and pause and check with me. Let's start. A B show Magazine. Guba Machina. I want a blue car. Ub Main Crane Vino. I want red wine. A Crane V B. I want white flowers. Ya Bt. Another word that requires the accusative case is cut to search or to look for, I cut. Let's conjugate it first because it undergoes a tiny change in the stem. I hu. On ****. Anna, ****. Not Ahut. Let's do it again just a bit faster this time. IoT is Oht Anat, no is ****. M. Let's practice. What are you looking for? Before we start, let's revise colors. Cornyn Gobi zillion Billy Roti Rosa Krasny. You will see a picture like this. At this point, try to remember the word, the name of that piece of furniture that you see. I will give you a few seconds for that. Post the video if you need more time. Oh stool. Then I will indicate the color. Take another couple of seconds to name the color of that piece of furniture in accordance with its gender. Goluby stool. After that, pause the video again, make a full sentence saying, I'm looking for a blue chair. Keep in mind the accusative case of the feminine nouns and adjectives and pause and check with me. Let's start. I'm looking for a blue chair. I got boy stool Kyla. Krisla I'm looking for a yellow armchair. Krisla So Billy stole. I'm looking for a white table. Yeah, so Billy stole. His Rosavh. I'm looking for a pink clock. So osavoehs. Devon. Cherney Devan. I'm looking for a black sofa. Su Chore Devan. Cartina. Cartina. I'm looking for a red painting. Unto Scaff Zillioni Scoff. I'm looking for a green cupboard. Is Zillioni scuff. A. I'm looking for blue amps. Episode Today, Alisa Ladymre are walking in the park and admiring its beauty. Alyssa Smatri Which to Mlina mala. We show you Sabakochin show you, Cosco. Avanta smut. Cki grassy web teat. Ogata hate Doma. Go boy. Nice. Got Potiche Whovon Smatri Bada Ava is tia vacca. Anat push to Bilko Patamustana chacha hi park this fast. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Alisa Sma tri Alisa, look, dish to Mlinky Sabako Sabaka changes because it's a noun in the accusative case. Instead of, it takes an ending. Milinkaa changes because it's a feminine adjective describing a feminine noun. A ya at the end changes to u. Milu. The word ta, that when refers to a feminine noun, Sabaka changes to its to Milabak. Do you see that little dog? Kakaam. How cute. Tj, hat Minkiabako. I want a little dog too. E Bisou Sabako and a big dog, EO chin BolsouKosko and a very big cat. Avon tama tries wp ****, right there, look, what beautiful birds. Patch how pretty. Ya toga chub **** Doma. I want a bird at home too Globo, a blue one. SnaeGlubzPriode, orchid ki. You know, blue color in nature is very rare. Avon, sat Bilka Nadir, Bilka squirrel, Ahavon BelcaNd also there, look, a squirrel on a tree. Bilka pravda squirrel, that is true. Avon ta DwchkaR there, do you see a girl? Ana Tojo pushes to ublconT look at someone or something. When we use the word Smtrit in the meaning of to look at something, we use the proposition Na plus the word in the accusative case. For example, if you say, I'm looking at Marina, at Marino. Pushste means furry fluffy, pushstinust ublko. She's also looking at this fluffy squirrel. Patamustana chinasva because it is very beautiful. AkoiHarohi park. What a good park. This syst, there is everything here. Divi, flowers, animals, trees, and desat. Yes. Let's walk here one time a week. Let's play out the dialogue. O camel Yatjamlb Baluu Sabakochin Basuo Cosco. OGintYatjH pito Doma Gubo's nice. Gbo Poggi or erio Ki. Bica Ava Viva, Ana tort push Bilko peta Mustanav Alyssa Smatry. Which is to Mlinksab Avonta smatry, Quicky, grassy whip cheese. Shavon smatter Bilk Nadi KokohahiPark, this feast, von Diva, In this lesson you learned how the adjectives, without a color or any other descriptive word, change in the accusative case. Let's check your progress. Parque I want to eat black grapes and green apples. I want to read an interesting book. A HahuctParusq, I want to buy a beautiful house. By the way, we haven't spent much time using the word to buy Cupi. Let's try that. YaamkazParuski, I want to buy a beautiful flat. Yaka artich scaakapaca 9. Comparative Adjectives: And Period. In this lesson, you will learn how to compare things, which is quite simple in Russia. You will need all the adjectives you have learned, and also, you will always be able to look a word up and make your own sentence. There is nothing that you will need to memorize here. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like. In my opinion, the food in Spain is more tasty than the food in Bali. And there is a reason why I chose Bali for this example. Let's see if you figure it out. Then comparatives. What do we have here? Not a very beautiful house. Ni Kravi Dom. A beautiful house. Kravi Dom, and a more beautiful house. Bole Crisiw Dom. Bole means more. Now let's compare these two. E tot, Dom, Blee Kravi am tut Dom. Bole means more. Chem means then. This house is more beautiful than that house. E tot, Dom, booleav hem tot, Dom. Let's look at another example. We have a not very pretty car, Nkrasivmsna. A beautiful car risiva Mashna and a more beautiful car Bool, Criswa Masrina. Let's compare these two. Eta Mahina Bole Criswahemta Mahina. This car is more beautiful than that car. Eta Mashna Bol, Criswa Chem ta Mashna. Let's change the adjective. Now we have an old car, Sara Machina. A new car, Now Mahina and a new car Bol now Mashna Eta Mahina BolichamTamhna. This car is newer than that car. Eta Mahina BuliTamshna. Another example, here we have an old tree Sara Dia. And a young tree Maldoya Diva. And here we have even younger tree. Y show B, Mala doo, Diva. As you know, the word Yishu means more. So show Blee means more more, literally. But actually, we use the word shu to intensify what we are trying to say. Yeso B Mala Doi, driver, even younger tree. Eta diva Bead Jim to diva. This tree is even younger than that tree. Let's practice. You will see two things that you need to compare like this and a description of the first thing like this, added dessert Kuzne. This dessert is tasty. You will need to complete the sentence about the second picture. It will always be better than the first one. Let's start. And that dessert is even more tasty. A tot dessert show BlevKzn. Eta Kiga Iyasnya. This book is interesting. And that book is even more interesting. At tack ***** Yeso Bole interior Snya. Now, let's do the opposite. We have a very beautiful house watching Craw Dom. A less beautiful house. Mineriwdm Mine means less and a not very beautiful house. Nirav Dom. Let's compare these two. Ett Dom Mara Civ, chem tot, Dom. This house is less beautiful than that house. Etat Dom Marawi, chem tot, dom. Let's practice. You will see two pictures again like this and a word that you need to use to make sentences about the pictures you see, like this. Gaia chi Hot Gaia chi. In this case, one thing will be hotter and the other thing will be less hot. Pause the video, complete both sentences on pause and check. Let's start. This coffee is hotter. Eateed coffee, poly garach. This coffee is less hot. Eateed coffee Mini garach. Healoni Cold. Healoni This juice is colder. Eta soc Bilaldn. This juice is less cold. Etat soc Mine Haltni Steiatiper stereotypes Steiaiper. We will make stereotypical sentences about men and women now. These are the words we will need. Elegant elegant. Gant Lagichn Logical Lgichn Activa. Active Activa year. RamanchN Romantic. RamanchNY Creative, creative. Creative. Aggressiven aggressive aggressivenn, emotional.En Serosn serious. Sirosn. At first, pause the video, make as many sentences as you can, then add pause, and we'll continue together. Now, I'll give you sentences in English. Pause again, translate my sentences to Russian pause and Czech. But before we start, a reminder, I will not be expressing my actual opinion, the common stereotypes for the sake of practicing. Let's start now. In my opinion, men are more logical, more active, more aggressive, and more serious. Pam Mine Bollag B Active Bol agressivne Bleisna But they are less elegant, less romantic, less creative, and less emotional. No, I mina Elegant Ma, Romantic Creativnmn In my opinion, women are more elegant, more romantic, more creative and more emotional. Pamomoe Bool Elegant N, Bole Romanticn Bole CreativnEPle matan Nia. But they are less logical, less active, less aggressive, and less serious. No mina agin, Mina, activene mina, aggressivene mina Serosna. These pas MtreNalFlm episode So Activity. Today, Vladimir has something to discuss. He's not feeling comfortable about the fact that his boss makes him work with someone else on a project instead of letting him handle it on his own. Only Akaya Area. Anna Bravema Anna Bolero hema AnaEgemya no namina Chemya. Mm hmm. Banana, cook patscha Bulimia. I would guineas, on Bol CreativnPetmo, with just a boote mist. She just medi imagine pract mist. He's nice. Wuch interior Mr. Abotoana RosnPetmovabot. Rosne Daao let's read the dialogue line by line. Alissa iba estar Alisa, do you have friends, girlfriends? Nod yes. Well, yes, of course, I have. What Na Premier Angela? No premier. For example, Na Premier. What Na premiere Angel. Here, for example, Angela. Aca caianaTa Angela. And what kind of a person is this your Angela? Anna Beca Chemya. She is more beautiful than me. Anna Boles tronea Chemya. She's slimmer than me. Anna Bole Elegann hemya she's more elegant than me. No Anna Mini Smishnaya Chemya SmishnyFny Smishn It's masculine form. Feminine will be Smishnaya neuter smishnoPlural, Smisne No Ana Mina Smisna Chemya, but she is less funny than me. Panana I see ac pat Vemo Alisa, Yage Datatechnamn. D in your opinion, Alyssa, I'm smart enough, aren't I? KansnaO course. The Bomar Dra Drugoi means other Drugoi masculine form, Drugoi, feminine form, Drugaya, neuro form, DrugoPlural form, drug. Te Bolma Dra. You are smarter than my other friends. Avotmdrk Denis on Bole Creativne Bole Masanal. And this friend of mine, Denis, he is more creative and more emotional. Pietmo Mucha rate. That is why we often work together. Cicas Mudd pract viste. Now we're doing one project together. Isaabt. This construction Nam interisna interesting for us, we will discuss later in the following lessons. Arabe. You know, it is interesting for us to work together. No Eta Panatna. Well, this is clear. Ran, Petmoamharav M Rabotazn different. Razi RosnePetmo Vamharaovabot. You are different. That is why it is good for you to work together. Rasnega different ideas. It is always good. Let's play out the dialogue. Noda premier Anre. Anna Bole Gasechemya Anna Bool tro Nechemya Anna Bool, Elegant Nechemya no name Smishna hemya. Mm hmm. Ron Rabota Anisa which the Padrgi Ccanareo amistad Denis on Bol creative Bolzano Mica bote vista Sica med imagine protist is nice. Chin interior is not misty robotic. In this lesson, you learn how to compare things. Of course, there is more to it, but in general, we are done. Just using this structure, you will be able to compare whatever you want. Let's check your progress. Capare. In my opinion, the food and stain is more tasty than the food and bally. Bada, na Bali. Did you remember that when we talk about islands, we use the proposition Na instead of na Balis Cava. 10. Comparative Adjectives - Exceptions: In this lesson, we will continue talking about comparatives. Just like we have some exceptions in English and instead of saying something like more good, we say better. In Russian, we do the same thing. We use shorter words instead of long structures when it comes to the most common adjectives. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, in my opinion, the climate in Turkey is better than the climate in Canada, the height in Russia. Comparatives, exceptions. Some comparative adjectives do not follow the rules. Smatri E it pooh. This cook is good. But saying eated Bole hoch would sound wrong. Understandable, but wrong. Instead, we will substitute Bleohi with Luche EtdPov Lucha. This cook is better. Hoshi Luche good. Better Hoshi Lucha. Or the other way around EttPlahy. This cook is bad. Saying EttPov Bol pla hoy will sound wrong. Instead, we will say etedPHoj. This cook is worse. Blah, Huge bad worse Pla hoy house. One more adjective that acts in the same manner, Eta Sabaka Balsaa. This dog is big. Eta Sabaka B, Belshia is possible, but sounds a bit strange. So instead, we will say BolsheEtasabaka, Bolshe. This dog is bigger. Bolshoi Bolsa. Big, bigger. Bolshoi Bolsa, or the other way around. Eta Sabaka Malincaa. This dog is small. And instead of saying Etaabaka Bla Malinca this dog is more small, which is just wrong, we will say Mineta Sabaka Minh. This dog is smaller. Malinki small, smaller, Mlinki Minh. Before we start practicing, let's look at some adjectives we will need. Di Shov cheap, Dishov. D agoiEpensive, Drago Bolshoi big Belo. Mlinky Small, Mlinky. Udobni comfortable, dobPratPractical or efficient. Practice Crut cool, croutoi Schoch. What is better? Schoch. You will see a picture like this and a word like this, and another picture and another word. Pause the video now and compare these two cards expressing your opinion. Then pause and we'll continue together. Great. Now, let's make a few sentences together so I can check. For this exercise, you might want to use a piece of paper and a pencil. I will say sentence in English, pause the video, translate my sentence to Russian, on pause and check with me. Let's start. Jeep is better because it is bigger, more comfortable, and more cool. Buche Patamust Bolsa Bole db Eble Kroto Sedan is better because it is smaller, less expensive and more efficient. Santa Mingo Eble practice. Let's practice some more. We will start by looking at some other words you might want to use. Ravi beautiful Balsho big Bolshoi Milinki small, Mlinki. Interior sn interesting. Interior snik. Cheese. Clean. Cheese dirty Masqa Samara. Pause the video now. Take all the time you need to do your research. Spoiler alert. Samara is one of the most beautiful cities in Russia. I really recommend take a minute and check some photos online. It is very pretty. Then make your own sentences. When you are done, on pause and we will continue together. Now, let's do some translations. Moscow is better because it is bigger, more beautiful and more interesting. Mascus Samara is better because it is smaller, cheaper and cleaner. Samara chat Minis. Opinions differ. I hope at this point, you will be able to express your opinion with ease.ult film episode Bidat Today, Alisa and Lady Mir are visiting a beautiful village. They're walking around talking about general things that occupy their minds Madrid. Alisa, Cocte Domes Lucha, Vance vp, Erica BrastvaPsPamo, Rammagle DishovaPremire. Ivovao watching in seriousne. Skol ketamtranv so bosom Miku tam noggovosnblue, tapu. Aka Domo Betrdn AngelskeRski, Ketosk, I Arabski. Koki vap tibia admokk Akok Patmo Chesna. Ya Domovrkaabski, Bol Trudi Camrskiglski. AoPatoda Bol of Kuzna. OikoHarohva Pros, vase Blev Kuzn Riba, Vivope BlevKuzn DissertVamk, OchinKuzn Burger AvakOchOchin, OchinvKuzn fructe let's read the dialogue line by line. Alsace ropa, I Africa. Jason. Life. Jason. Alsasonmop Africa. Alyssa, what do you think? Where life is better? In the US, in Europe, in Asia, or in Africa. Kaki Nprastovaps. What an uneasy question. Pam D Raga. In my opinion, life in the US is a little bit expensive. Bull D Show premiere. In Africa, life is cheaper, for example, Iv tog Disha orchensna in Asia, it is cheap too, and also it is very interesting. SkolkTamstn, how many countries there are of Europe, so Bolsa and in Europe, even more. Aya anche che, and I think in America, it's better. Tam Monoggadof, there are lots of cities Eany Rosne and they are different. Ya blu Tam Pushes. I love traveling there. Actium, Kao Yik Betrdnik. Trudni means difficult. We have two words to say difficult Slznik and Trudni. Trudne is a masculine form, feminine will be Trudna, neuro will be Trudne, plural will be Trudne Akaktmk is a Bull Trudni AngelskiRski, Ketski I Arabski. What do you think? Which language is more difficult English, Russian, Chinese or Arabic. Akiva Pro Tibia. What kind of questions you have? Yan, Naverna means probably vn. Yamana Kiki, I think probably Chinese. AkakPtmo in your opinion, ChesnHnestly, Jadume Antrudn I think all of them are difficult. No, Kit Yarobski Bultrudn Temrski gliski but Chinese and Arabic are more difficult than Russian and English. Acacia bole Kuzne in your opinion, where the food is more delicious. O acogaohvaps. Oh, what a good question. Vase, BlevKzn Riba. In Asia, fish is more delicious. Vivrop BlevKn dicert in Europe, desserts are more delicious. VamqeOchin kzne Burgee in the US, burgers are very delicious. Avfricochin ochinochin CusnFructe and in Africa, fruits are very, very, very tasty. Let's play out the dialogue. Kak i BrastovaPs, Pamomo, R vmkaNmogdagaya, WarikRlo ushova and the premiere. IvojJshov Io watching in serious, Skol ka tamtran Ave show bools. Aka DmakobleTrd, Angelski Ruski, Ketoski, Il Arabski. Chesnavn Nkoskaabski, Bol Trudy hambrskiglski. O Kaku HaroshevaPros, voy Bol of Kuzna Riba, Vivope, BlevKzn DisserteVamik, OchinKuzn Burge, Africa, OchinOchin OchiKuznFrke. Alisa, Coca Domes, Girl Lucha, Wamke Vivopa Vos Ev Africa. AadumomTago near Rosnblutap. CokivpuTiba adumoNavernk taski AcoPatemo Akok patmoda Bol of Kuzna. Today, we talked about uncle ways to compare things using words like Theta and words. Let's check your progress. But before we do that, let's learn one very interesting word iteration, Zato Zato does not have an exact translation in English. It is very close to however, or even but but only used when the thing you talk about in the first part of your sentence is negative. But the thing that you're about to see in the second part of your sentence is positive. You can think about the word to as to compensate for that. For example, this book is expensive but very interesting. The first part of my sentence is negative. The book is expensive. The second part of my sentence, however, is positive, but it is very interesting. We can use Zato. Think about it this way. The book is expensive, yes, but to compensate for that, it is extremely interesting tenia daga Zatsriasn another example. She lives alone, but she has a dog. Many people will consider living alone a bad thing at some point. Having a doll, on the other hand is definitely a good thing that would compensate the lack of people around you. We can use at to underline the fact that having a dog makes your life much better. Anna Jon Sabaka pretty great word, don't you think? Let's go back to our examples from the beginning of the lesson. Cox Cast Paruske. In my opinion, the climate in Turkey is better than Canada. How will you say, however, in Canada, for example, in Quebec, people speak English and French and this is just great. A lot of stuff in sentence. Let's see. ZatovKanade, the premier Pipe, LuegvaPankpo Franzuski Aeta Prostaclas Asnavc 11. Superlative Adjectives: D. In this lesson, we will talk about superlatives. Adjectives of the highest degree of comparison. Words like the most beautiful, the most interesting, the highest, the richest, et cetera. In Russian, it is very simple. We have one word equivalent of the word most in English, and we just use it before the adjective itself. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to say things like, in my opinion, the most interesting book is Anna Karenina. Or the cutest girl at the university was Alla Superlatives. We use the word that means the most to form superlative forms. But of course, the word will change according to the gender. Sami for masculine. Samaya for feminine, Samoa for neuter, Sam for plural. And all of them will be followed by an adjective. Let's use our usual words to make examples. The biggest house, literally, we will say the most big house, keeping in mind that house is masculine. We will use the masculine forms, Sami B Sho Dom. The biggest dog dog is feminine, we will use feminine forms. Samaya Balsaa Sabaka. The biggest tree. Tree be neuter, Sama Bolsho Diva. The biggest flowers. Flowers is plural. Same Bolsa. Let's see other examples. This house is beautiful. Etat Dom Krasiv this house is more beautiful etat Dom, Bole Crasvi This house is the most beautiful etat dom SamravO another word. This car is beautiful. Eta MashnaKrasva. This car is more beautiful. Eta Mashna Bole Krasiva this car is the most beautiful Eta Machina SamaaKav. We have a quiz here. You will see a question and three options. Then a timer will pop up. Once you see the timer, you will have 5 seconds to answer the question. If you need more time, you can always pause the video. After you answered, check your answer with me. Then listen to the question and it's translation again, to make sure everything is crystal clear. And move on to the next question. Let's start. Kakaetna Samoa BelyaRasaKanada, Australia. Raisa Rasa Samya Bolsa Stranatrana Samaya Bolshya. What is the biggest country? Russia, Canada, Australia. Rasa Samya Bsatrana. Russia is the biggest country. Kakuik Sami Slozni Italianski KitiskiTuitski. Kitski Kitski Yesk Sami SljniKakoizk, Sami Sljhni. What is the most difficult language? If you remember, we have another word that means difficult Trudni With absolutely no change in the meaning, we could have asked kakoizk same Trudni. What is the most difficult language? Kitski Kitskyzk Sami Sljhni Chinese. The Chinese language is the most difficult. Kaa planeta, Samaya Malnkaa Saturn, Mars Mercury. Mercuria planeta, Somaya Menke. Which planet is the smallest? Mercuri Somaya MilinkePlaneta. Mercury is the smallest planet. Acoeam bustra Chita Midwit v Chita. Kaka Sama Bistrea. Which animal is the fastest Chita, bear, or lion? Chita, Sama BistreJevotn. Chita is the fastest animal. KakoiGa Samhdn Muramansk St. Peterburg Ile Maska Murmansk, Murmansk, Sami HalodniGod KakoGorod Samy haldni asi. Which city is the coldest in Russia? Murmansk, St. Perrysburg or Moscow. Murmansk, Samy HalodnGo Murmansk is the coldest city in Russia. Datafl episode Bsatadn. Today, Alisa and dimir also having a quiz Alina pimp, Filipino, Iaiwan. A, Smacgaamre Avi rest Vipibt on vosmtiag mitra paramagnus Carlsen. Gasparovching matando Luc. Et Watching Prosta What? No. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Alyssa Daw Pi graham Pi Graham comes from two words that you already know. Igra again, IgratT play. By Graham, let's play. Alissa Davi pai graham. Alyssa, let's play. Su Da Wolstm Sudaolstwm means with pleasure SudaVolstiem. Soda vols with pleasure. Snachala PacivaPt SpacivatT ask Spacvat. Snachla pracivaPt. At first, I'm asking, and then you. Nacinae we're starting. Same Bolsoe MevMdia. Where is the biggest sea in the world? Andpon Filipino, I Taiwan, It is in Asia. There where Japan, Philippines, and Taiwan are. Agdea Samaya Voca Gara Gara Mountain Gara Agda Samaya Vk, Garam Where is the tallest mountain in the world? Everest, Vipale Iibeti in Nepal and Tibet. On Vomit Pdsat Metrop it is 8,850 meters tall. To Sami Luchi Shahmatst Mia. Who is the best chess player in the world? Garikasparov. Gariasparov No JadumEt Magnus Carlsen. Well, I think it's Magnus Carlsen. No Ladna, Garikasparov. Doja watching Harohe SakmatstKanna. But okay, Gary Kasparov is also a very, very good chess player, of course. Nasa Mande on taro Luchi. Actually his second best. A Sama Malinka Stranov Media. What is the smallest country in the world? At Ochinbrosta. This is very simple. Vatican Vatican. Mum. Well, we did a great job. Remember the word Maladies at a girl, at a boy in plural? I don't know the word in English that you would use. Let's just say we did a great job. Mali. Let's play out the dialogue. P, Filipino, Iaiwan, Samara Mire. Gaspar No. Alyssa Dina psi butt NachGd Sama Baum media. AvitNpoib on sum tissue smdamtrovdm Magnus karosmNnGarka spovchenhts Kana Nasa Mandiri on Taro Luchi at the Watching Prosta at come Today, we talked about superlative forms of adjectives. Let's check your progress. How will you say, in my opinion, the most interesting book is Anna Karena. Pam Sava Eta Anna Karenina or Cas Kazat, the cutest girl at the university was a Sama SimpUn Ba Alla or the most difficult but the most important day of the week is Monday. Same true nova Penn Aina, Tasca Papa. 12. As... as...: Friget in this lesson, we will continue talking about comparisons. But this time, you will learn how to say that the two things are of the same degree of comparison. One is just as beautiful as the other or just as big or just as easy. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, men are just as emotional as women. No more, not less, or anything else in these lines. Diaco. We have two phones. E tot telephone Hoshi. This phone is good. Tot telephone, To Jehoshi that phone is good, too. So they are equally good. We can say that this phone is as good as that phone. ETT telephone, Tako haria tot telephone. Tacos ccs. The word tacosa will be changing its form according to the gender of the noun it refers to. The rest will stay the same. For masculine nouns, we will say tacos, Cuk for feminine, take ca for neuter taco Cuk for plural, take ca another example. We have two streets here, Eta lizaCincstaa. This street is very clean. Ta liz Tj chin chistaa. That street is also very clean. They are equally clean. We can say that this street is as clean as that street. Eta zakat liza. Before we start practicing, I would like you to learn one more verb. Best to write best mind the stress here. It is crucial. So its conjugation. Ya Bhu The pieces. On piece it. Anna, pest. No, piece it. Mi piecemPice Ani Biot. Let's do it once again a bit quicker. Yap. The pieces. On piece it. Anna, piece it. Anno piece it. Mi pisem i piece I N B shoot. Baguai. Let's talk. You will see two pictures like this. Barcelona I Madrid. I will ask you a question like this. Cact Duma CakoGatuch. You will see an unfinished sentence like this. Pause the video, complete the sentence, making sure that it means that both things that you see are equally good. Pause and check with me. Let's start. Cacti cacoit Lucha. Pamomo Barcelona, TakojHaroh got Madrid. What do you think? Which city is better? In my opinion, Barcelona is as good of a city as Madrid. Destaevski talsto Dump Bole interior SNknig Pamoemo Dostoyevsky Pisa Take interior SNkniKakTstoi. What do you think? Who wrote more interesting books? In my opinion, Dostoyevsky wrote just as interesting books as Tostoi did. Dare Namal film episode pdsat Dwa yes. Today, Alisa had her first exam in her German class, and she's telling Vladimir how it went Marit Dobre tra Alisa. Ditka Jews Takrnatramtram, will examine met Kisik.Nikok AdichnaOrGikok? Maya Patuga ArilaTchihho talla Ana Ruka Anacor Scruma I jumped to Garish No, you love MicromaGd. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Dobre tra Alisa. Good morning, Alissa. The AtkudaTacRna tram. Where are you coming from? This early in the morning. Una Civ tram will examine. Examine exam. Examine. Unas Civ tram will examine. This morning we had an exam. Nimesk ik, German language. Nui kak and how meaning, and how was it? At lychnaEcellent. Drug Ka and others, how? Meaning, and how did the others do? Maya Padruga AnglaTjchara, cava. At victT answer at vicet Maya Padruga AnglalaTjchara at Vicala. My friend, Angela, also answered very well. Anna Takumnaaa She's as smart as I am. Anna Takazatja Scrumni Modest or humble. Scrumne Anna Takej ScrumnKTja. Is she as modest as you are? Scromna modest. A chum te Gavars. What are you talking about? No lanai Scromn. I don't care that I'm not modest. ZatoGdyaGrdi. Proud. Gordy. Zato a Gordia. Instead, I am proud. Let's play out the dialogue. Will examine Mime Kizik. At Lechna Maya Patrga Ala, Tor OchiarhoVcala, AnatakumKaca. Scruma A chomped Garish. No, you love Nostoyacrom ZataGrdeTobre Otra Alisa, AtkdaJeTakna Otra. Nui ****. Or gekokn Today, we talked more about comparisons, and now you know enough to express anything you have in mind when it comes to comparing things. Let's go back to our example from the beginning of the lesson. How will you say? Men are just as emotional as women. No more, not legs. Muse Taquposa, a at me booga DescovaPaca aca. H 13. Compliments: Trivette. In this lesson, you will learn how to give compiments. Of course, you can always be straightforward and say, you are beautiful, the CacivaO you are very handsome. The chin racivO course, it will be highly appreciated, I'm sure. But the ramo ways that will make your compliment not only more natural, but also much smoother. Oh yes, not only, but also is another structure we will talk about today. But before we get to all that, we'll talk about parts of a human body that will also help you with your confluence. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, you have such beautiful eyes or you have such a cute smile. Smooth, right. We will start with body parts. Tila body. Tia. Gala, a head, GavRuka a hand or an arm. We do not differentiate between the two unless it is necessary for medical or other purposes. Ruka NAG, a leg or a foot. Same thing here. We do not use specific words unless it is critical, Naga. Jevot belly, tummy, even the insides of your abdomen, vote. Fun fact, the words jt to live and life come from the word vote because our ancestors believed that the essence of an individual is inside his or her belly. This area around the stomach, vote. Its face, it. We will concentrate on the parts of face now. Glass and I. Glass, the plural form will be one of the exceptions that we had talked about eyes, glassA so Rot mouth, Rot. Gb lips, Gube. It does have a singular form, Guba, but I don't think people use it that often. Wool hair, vola interesting word. We don't overcomplicate it here. If you separate one specific hair, you call it Vols. If you're talking about all the hair on your head, it's V, easy and logical. Let's move on to compliments now. Compliments. Client. We will use the word taco, so or such Takoi and it will change its form according to the gender as always, and it will be followed by an adjective of your choice. So beautiful. Masculine, TakoiKasvFor example, nose. Takoia nos such a beautiful nose. Feminine. TakayaKavFor example, girl. TakayaKava Devc such a beautiful girl. Neuter TakoaKavFor example, face. Take civ iso, such a beautiful face. Plural. Take Civ. For example, eyes. Take CraivGlaza. Such beautiful eyes. Let's practice. You will see a picture, a part of the body that you should complement will be indicated, although it will be pretty clear. Pause the video, compliment the person you see, and pause and check with me. Side note to say you have such nice lips, for example, we will use tida construction. Tibia Gube. You have such beautiful lips. In this exercise, you will be talking about a girl she has and about a man. He has, let's start. She has such beautiful eyes. He has such beautiful hair OvaTlka as you know, means only Tolka. The whole construction NlkaNi means not only, but also, and it is quite common. Let's see how it works. She's not only beautiful but also smart. Anna Una. Let's practice. The sentences that you will see have been broken into two and we will need to connect the components like we have done once before. Let's look at the beginnings of all the sentences first. You know what we have. We will just treat the sentences now. Try to understand as much as you can, and we will go over all the sentences with their translations at the end of the exercise. MitogradFootball. Bulk Coe nlkaVpani Maya SabakaNkgra Rasa Etna chin Shaya MdrkNkchenmni. Now you will see the endings of all the sentences, but they all jumbled up. Pause the video after you reread the first half of the sentences one by one, find the ending of it and pause and check with me. Let's start. It Mine Hao, IgradFootball, yellow blue, NilkaNih Netlka Pany, Nov Angli IvasEvkeni Mayaabakaub NetlkNlusamande. Racettlkachen BalaaNOchin in seriousness trana Morton Talan. Let's go over all the sentences to make sure you understand everything. Nika Mhineaograot football, iene, not only men play football well, but also women. Yalu blue NlkaKfeNih I do not only like coffee but also tea. Mu Netlka was SpanivEvgeni. We lived not only in Spain, but also in England in Russia, and in Kenya. Maya Sabak lubed Nlkagd Not only does my dog like playing, but she also likes listening to the commands. Rasa EnlkachvlsN trana Russia is not only a big country but also a very interesting one. MdrkNkchinmn, Nochintalant. My friend is not only very smart, but also very talented. Film, Episode Pida Tri. Today, Alisa and La Dimir are talking about the channels she watches. Dates Madrid. Alyssa Maris Matri video AborTtcomgit. Noi ****? I need a key initi upper Ed canal. Acabtorientic, physician et Calamul Motor not films Motrivi What? Let's read the dialogue line by line. As Stotts Matri Alisa, what were you watching? As Matriidetor. Itoria means history or story. In a couple of minutes, you will see how we can use those words differently. ItoriYamtide, Itoris. I watched a video about the history of Russia. Titakamj you're so great. Nui cak and how was it? Anita ki in tiosn is story rasasvud. The word rascazewt has two meanings. The first one is to tell about something. In this meaning, we use the preposition about in the propositional case. RakasevtO is story to tell about history, Rascazewt or Sabak to tell about a dog, ascazevt or Sima to tell about the family. But if you use the word with an accusative case without any preposition, it means to tell something. For example, to tell stories, to tell fairy tales, to tell gossips, to tell facts. Acasvt is story to tell stories. Anita ki in Tysne is story askazvd. They telling such interesting stories. Baja canal. I adore this channel. Antol Abtoriacazvd. Do they only talk about history? Ni cab nag, air physic, dgamma, Dag means even DjetNkabu story. No, not only about history, agentica but also about genetics, air physic, and about physics, data amtmatic and sometimes even about mathematics. Yaka donde e Atkasmat. I watch this channel every week. Aya DumtlkamFlm Mult film Motris I thought you were only watching funny films and cartoons. Note, show film Ana ukemoriNaUka, Science Naka Note, show film Ana Ukemoris but you also watch films about science. Test not only do I watch television about signs, but I also read books. Omana btaa Doma. Do you know what kind of a library I have at home? Mataba Biba, I have such a big library. What? As you know, the word vote, we use a lot. When we point at something, when we show something, when we say here, when we want to make a point and actually, when we run out of arguments and we want to finish it, but to prove that we are right, we will just say vote. That's it. It's done. Take that vote vote. I have such a great library at home. Take that. Let's play out the dialogue. Es matri video Abtora I need a key in curious Itoria upper so at that canal. Net Milka story, no agentic, a physic Dame magic and et canals matri. Cat analogs matrkamnb Doma mataba. What? Alyssa trio. Ditka I'm a dit, Noi ****. Anilkbstori ascarzword. Ad Multics Mich film, Emulflm Moti not film, nos Motris Today, we talked about parts of a human body. Yes, most of them have some peculiarities. That is why we will be learning them slowly. We will get back to this topic in a two course. In the meantime, if you have to know a specific word, you can always look it up in a dictionary. But be careful and look at the whole paradigm, singular plural forms, et cetera. Not only have we learned the names of the body parts, but we also practice giving consonance today. Let's check your progress. Cox Cast Pauske. You have such beautiful eyes. Uti takis. You can add the cover in the mix. Takis Guba for blue eyes, Takisv ZillioneF green eyes, Takeiv caries for hazel eyes, take Cravi Corn Glaza for black eyes, or any other color, you see, of course, about the other example. We never actually got to the word smile. Let's do that now. Ulpka smile. LpkaaPar you have such a cute smile. Iba Ulpan, it's time for you to revise everything you have learned so far and take your fit squiz. Good luck. Tach Daca 14. Adverbs: SivoaEtaGava, Sam Nepal Shia, Tolkovmokv informa practice. In the previous chapter, we talked mostly about adjectives. Do you remember what adjectives are? They are the words that describe qualities of a person, a place, or an object. In this lesson, we will talk about adverbs. Adverbs are words that describe qualities of an action. Words like quickly, well, reluctantly, easily. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to say things like, I never eat early in the morning. Or I want to know how to earn money easily. A side note. Not always, will the usage of adverbs in Russian coincide with that in English? When you listen to my sentences, watch our cartoon, listen to people talking, pay attention to where you hear adverbs and try to copy. It is always helpful to imitate native speakers speech, especially when you have the understanding of the fundamental blocks of the language. You can figure out what is happening. No. Let's revise some adjectives and learn a few new ones. Quick reminder, all adjectives answer the question ako. If you want to ask for the qualities of a thing, that is the question you will use. Beautiful. Kasivi ugly or scary StraniGod bad expensive heap Dishov boring. Skushni Interesting. Iterisny quick Bistri slow midline. You already know one word that means simple Prasto. Here is a new word. It means easy Loki You already know one word that means difficult Trudni that is a synonym of it. Slogni means hard. You can always choose either of them. Let's read all these words once again. Crave, Strani Drago Skushn interior Sn Bistr Medline, Loki Sljhni. If we want to describe an action instead of an object, we'll need to use an adverb instead of an adjective. Adverbs answer the question, how? Uk. What will change? The endings will change. All the adverbs in Russian end with an or letter. They never change by gender, number, case, tense, nothing. Adverbs do not change. Let's go over all of these adverbs. Krisva beautifully. Resva. We can say, you are walking beautifully. The Hodsh KasvaO she plays the piano beautifully. Anna Kasvaaina or something a little bit more interesting, we can say, you live beautifully in a fancy manner. That is what we usually say about upper class people, the resva verse. Strasna in an ugly or scary manner, Strana. We will use this word a lot in its literal meaning when we say, I'm scared, it was scary, et cetera, we are yet to learn that structure. But there is another usage that you can start using right away because we use this word a lot. To be completely honest, we do not only use adverbs to describe actions, but also to intensify adjectives. Very Ochin is an example that you already know. Strasna is another one. We use the word Strasna in the meaning of. Lot. Something like this phrase in English. Horribly wrong, but for both negative and positive things. How do you like this example? Anna StrasnaKrav. She is ugly, beautiful, does not make any sense in English. It actually means she is very beautiful in Russian. Here is the beauty of the Russian language for you. She is very, very shockingly beautiful, AnatrasnaKresv, because the word Strasna here is just an intensifier. One more example. This museum is very interesting. Eat Strana intern. Now, you try. This house was very expensive. Eat Domna drag. Next word, hurrah. The boy already reads well. Mitek Hata Badly Ploha, the boy still reads badly. Moraga expensively. Daga. Since the word cost is a verb, if we say it costs a lot, we can say Eta stud noga. But we might also say Eta sto it Draga. It costs expensively. Doshva cheaply, Doshva. It costs little. We can say Eta sto it Ma. But we can also say it costs cheaply. Eta sto Doshva. Not a word by word translation from English. Skushna boring or more precisely in a boring manner. Skushna. The professor explains in a boring manner. Professor Iterestingesna. The professor explains interestingly. Professor asana Bistra quickly or fast, BistraThi train goes fast. At a post Yedid Bistra slowly, Medlin. This bus goes slowly. Eta tactobus Medina. Leasily. I easily read in Chinese. Paki Sljhna hard or with difficulties, Sljhna. Learning Arabic is hard. Izuchat Arabskie Sljhna. Let's learn more words that describe actions. Gato it to cook. Gato. Vadito to drive a car. Vadito Bear gut to run. Bear get love it to swim, love it. IgratPianina, to play the piano. I gratNPianina. EgratT play chess. Igrats Let's repeat all these words once again. Gato Begotgra Dud. What do they do well? Zn, Olga, Sergea. You already know Olga and Serge. Let's look at the quality of actions in general. At lichnaEcellently, Atchna Hao Well, Hao NamalaOdinarily, mala taxiba so so taxibaPha Badly Puja. Una terribly. Ana. Now, let's look at the quality of the action. Snachabl Kak Olga Gatowt. Anna AtlsnaGtow. Acac Olga Plav Anna NaminaPlav. Aka Anna vod Machno Anna Hao machine Serge at. On zanaGt Aak Sergei plavOn AtlchnaPlavt. Acavod machine. On taboo. Let's go over all these sentences one by one. First, we'll talk about Olga. Ca Olga Gatowt. How does Olga cook? Anna AtlchnaGtow. She cooks with excellence. Acac Olga plow, and how does Olga swim? Anna Normale pwd. She swims normally. AcacanaVod MahnoH does she drive? Anna Haraso vod Mashno. She drives well. Now we'll talk about Serge. Kak serge Gato. How does Sergei cook? On jasnaGatvid. He cooks terribly. AkakirgePlavt, and how does Serge swim? On AtlchnaPlavt. He swims excellently. Acacon vod Machino and how does he drive? On TaxVod Machno, he drives so so. Let's revise the formation of adverbs from adjectives and learn some new ones in the process. Hoshi. Good. Hao. Well, Hao. Play, bad. Badly. Ph. Bistri quick. Bistra quickly. Bistra Medline. Slow. Medina slowly. Medina Groom ky. Loud. Romca loudly. Grom ca. Che quiet. Heh quietly. Heh. Right ke early. A early Rana. Sometimes adjectives and adverbs in English are the same. But in Russian, it's never the case. If you say this is his early work, in this sentence, the word early describes his work, which means we will need an adjective, Etaabuta. But if you say he works early, the word early here will describe the action, how he works. We will need an adverb on Rabota a. Pozni t. Posna late. PoznaPrav Correct. Pravina correctly. PravinaNpravi, incorrect. Ni Pravin incorrectly. Mi Pravina Drago expensive Dora, expensively. Doraga Dishov cheap. Joshva cheaply, Josheva kn, delicious. Na, deliciously Kusna. We can say this food is delicious. The word delicious here will describe the word food. Eta dkusnaO we can say he cooks deliciously. The word deliciously will describe an action how he cooks on Gatovidkusna. Nvkusn not very delicious. Nv kzna not deliciously, Nv Kuzna. There are also some adverbs that we use more often than adjectives. Let's take a look at those ones. Hasta often hasta Rietka a lot. Ma Ma. A little. Man Importantly, Vanaja, importantly, vjna. Let's practice. You have a little cheat cheat on the left. Kara Well, Pka badly, Bistra quickly, Midlina slowly. Gromka loudly, iha quietly. Rana early, Pozna late. DoragaEpensively, Joshva cheaply. Kushna deliciously Niv Kushna not deliciously. CestaOtenRetka, Munoga a lot, Mala little vana, importantly, Ni vagna unimportantly. You will need to say the opposite of what I'm asking. For instance, if I ask the Gavari Ponme scare. Do you speak German well? Say, no, I speak German badly. Let's start. The Ponme scare. Pima scare. Bistra Schna Net teresnav the ub TaluskoN blu romcal Musco. The Rana subo. Net a Poznaasubot Matrit Serialeea Wagner. My Smtrit seriali Eta NivanaThasa HodskinoHuvk. Act Dumas, This is hadloov Eamoga. A Etma Cactus Borsch etvkzna. Borsch is one of the most commonly known Russian meals. It's a beetroot and cabbage soup with meat and other ingredients in it. It's well known feature is it's being red Borsch Cactus Bosch Etkusna. Ya Dum Eta chinksna. Let's go over all these sentences one by one. The Hao Gavari Panimaske. Do you speak German well? Net Gavari Ponmeske. No, I speak German badly. The Bitra do you drive quickly? Or do you drive fast? No, I drive slowly. The Schna do you live in a boring manner? No, I live interestingly. The Lubes Ticha Slushet Musco. Do you like listening to the music quietly? Mi Yalu blue Gronk slushe Musk. No, I like listening to music loudly. The Runner Sao Suboto on Saturday, do you get up early? Puna subo. No, on Saturday, I get up late. Steet Vagna Watching TV shows, is it important? Natale Evgna? No, watching TV shows is unimportant. The hasta Hod kino, do you go to the cinema often? No, I rarely go to the cinema. Cacti dum. This is had Eamoga. Do you think $1,000 is a lot? Net, a Eta Ma? No, I think this is little. Cactus. Bosch, vkusna. In your opinion, Bosch, is it not very tasty? Vkusna I think this is very tasty. Episode. Today, Alice and La Dimer are talking about people being different. There. Cumana. What premier Madurai, any. AnrechiaaGatovid. Lina at lichnaPlavt, noch Lena Bag Irina, Stranaran Tajima's negatvaoEpnglsk, at lngarnumnoga. Horolo Chesna Mayo slab MsaEta sport Epi phplavana. Let's go over the dialogue line by line. Due Ron. What do you think? Is it good or bad that people are different? Kannao. Well, of course, this is very, very good. VonaPremer MPa Druge Here, for example, my friends. An Rosne they're all different. Is that so Kaki Ani. What kind of people are they? Angel Ochharahoga tovet. Angela cooks very well. Lena at lichna Plavt, no Ochinmlina Bagot. Lena swims excellently, but she runs very slowly. Intra na Bustra Bagot, no ranatvit. But Irina runs horribly fast, but she cooks terribly. And what do you do well? No, jean well you do know me. IgavlEpanglske, at LichngvaoNumnoga. I cook very well, and I speak English excellently and I know a lot. What do you not do very well? ZnaHnestlya Mesta, Eta sport. Mesta, place, Mesta Malaba Mesta, eta sport. My weak sought or my weak place is sport Jana, I run badly and I swim terribly. Let's play out the dialogue. Notch aro. What premiere my padran AnglaOchinao Gatowd, Lena atichnaPlavd, no Ochinm Lena Bagd Ana, Stranarab no hasnGtow. No, Tajimas nas IgatoaEpngls, Catlarnumoga. Chesna Mo slab Misaeta sport pighplavana. Come a cookie honey.Hazo Dist Horazojals Today, we talked about adverse. Let's check your progress. Care. I never eat early in the morning. As for the other example, we didn't get to the words to earn or money. Let's do that now. To n means abatvt. As always, let's conjugate it. Yeah, abbavabvabab, abatvt. The etymology of this word is very interesting. It comes from the word Rabota work, of course, and the prefix, which means four. Zarrabt means to get something for work. In the word money means dingy. It doesn't have a singular form, the plural one, dingy. Let's go back to our example now. How will you say, I want to know how to earn money easily. Yaznaa 15. Comparison of Adverbs: In this lesson, we will continue talking about adverbs. But this time, you will learn how to compare adverbs, saying things like, my dad cooks better than my mum. Or people usually think that men drive better than women, but in my opinion, a lot of women drive excellently fast but carefully, or anything else on those lines. The pattern of comparing adverbs is the same just like that of comparing adjectives. Let's see. He goes slowly on Yedit Medina. He goes fast on Yedid Bitra he goes faster. Again, we will use the word Bol more in the formation of the sentence on ydi Bol Bitra. We have this motorbike goes faster than that motorbike. Eat metas ydi Bole bustramtt metatic. Let's take another example. He speaks quietly on Gavittiha he speaks loudly on Gavari Gromka. He speaks even more loudly. On Gavari Grumka. Remember, when we want to intensify the word Bool, we use the word sho, but we do not have much choice, but to translate it as even more ho Bull Gromka We have this man speaks more loudly than that man. Eta Boleromkem tot Mushina yet another example. She speaks Russian badly. Anna PhGvParuske. She speaks Russian well. Anna HaraoGavar Parouske. She speaks Russian even better. Here, you will need to remember the comparative form of good. Good better, cha. Same with adverbs. Well, hurrah better cha. She speaks Russian even better. Anna, shuai Parske. And we have this woman speaks Russian better than that woman. Eta enema ensena. Now, the other way around, she speaks Russian well. Anna Hao Gavari Parske she speaks Russian badly. Anna Parke. Anna, we have a new lady who speaks Russian even worse than the previous lady. Let's remember the pattern of the word bad. Bad Blah. Worse Badly worse House. She speaks Russian worse. Anna YuParuske. And we have this woman speaks Russian worse than that woman. It Hvar Park, Tajena. I will show you two pictures and ask you a question. Gene pause the video and tell me what you really think. Now, listen to my sentence in English, pause and translate my sentence to Russian, you can check yourself. Let's start. I. I think men cook better. That is why the best cooks are men Yamina Betamouc Mhineanuctan seen I think that women dance better because they're more elegant. Autant but a Musta Anible Elegantna. Let's revise some of the exceptions we have already mentioned and learn new ones. Good. Hao. Better Lucha Bad Puja. Worse Hsia Early Rana earlier. Late Pon Later. Push Mind the pronunciation here. We actually omit the letter and extend the sound. The two letters blend together. Push later. Push now you will learn your first saying in Russian. Luche Poznaemn better late than never. Luche Poznaem Before we practice some more, let's learn one phrase we often use in Russian. Bully, more or less. When we say it faster, a couple of letters get lost in the process. Let's practice a couple of times. By Bye. We use it very often. Let's try. For instance, I go to the gym more or less regularly. PorzaRgular. And even Cacutibda Bmin Narmala and since everyone knows that a positive word always follows this expression, sometimes you can even stop at that. Kaku Bla, Blem, how are you doing? More or less. In Russian, it will be Poloma. I will ask you a question like this. The Hao Gare. Answer using Bolma. Keep in mind that only positive word can follow this expression. You might need to come up with one. Let's start. The Hao Parusk. Bahama tada. Blemva. Let's go over all the sentences once again. DharaPark. Do you speak Russian well? Bmin more or less well. Dekaraogatvi, do you cook well? Bmin M or less well. Is it cold outside today? Here we cannot say more or less cold because cold in this context will be a negative word. The answer is clearly going to be more or less warm Tip. Veta Ristaadaga is it expensive in this restaurant? Again, the same story. We cannot say more or less expensive, expensive is not a good thing. Clearly, we're expecting the answer more or less cheap. Be joshva film episode Pisa Pet. Today, Alice and Ladmir are talking about the possibility of starting their own businesses Matricesazabo. Vok Dt, atonllumvkf. Nod nacho Nove business. Ismaeblm Bol SlosnamPizza Kanirna No. Mini Slosamm. Whaaat Nove business. Nice firmo. Come here. I do Cege Ben beside program, I dealt novella. No am planuiba Bimini Dache. Let's read the dialogue line by line. It's nice stuff chiabla. Do you know what was yesterday? Sto. What? Stoslucils. Stoslucils. What happened? We'll talk a lot about words like Slucils in the future. For now, let's just remember the expression. Stoslucils. What happened? Stotz his. What? What happened? Pom In Mesari drcPizzeri Raboto. Do you remember one old friend of mine worked at the pizza place. Pomo Kanna. Of course I remember. Do Not? Yes, Hazel. You got up at night and you were hungry. I Pasvao you move coffe and you called him in his cafe. Noda Well, yes, on natural nove business. He started a new business. In Tisna, Stoeta Bole Minko it's interesting that it is more or less easy. Bi Sljnampizza Kanesna. Me difficult than pizza, of course, nomina SljnaJamodumo, but less difficult than he thought. Voteta da WowkmdEby. At the hutches Nachit nove business, do you want to start a new business? Yes, I do. BfirmFirma a firm or a company. Firma, Yahu NibauuFirm. I want a little firm. Tamara Budd besides Pragram no Pria gene. There, my friends, slash colleagues and I will be writing programs and making new applications. Ambos. Well, I think your plan is more or less good. Tach. Good luck. Let's play out the dialogue. So StucilFkn D notch telepanilum of Cafor. Wadi Hohna Chet Nova business. No, lucia Batachb adding Mesta drug pizzeri Raboto. Noda on nacho nove business, Isna so et bool Milk Bol Slosna chem Pizza Kansna Mina Slosna hemo Duma Firm Tamara college Best program, I novela. Today, we talked about compared forms of adverbs. Let's check your progress. At the beginning of the lesson, we had two examples. We'll start with the easy one. Caster. My dad cooks peta for my mom. My papa Gate Maamma which in my case is very accurate. Speaking of the word accurately, we have a word Acuratna in Russia and it is much more common in Russian than in English because its meaning actually spreads. But the meaning is quite different. Let's look at some examples. We say things like, she writes neatly Anna akuratna or he works carefully on Rabota Acuratna. Yes, the word Acuratna does not actually mean exactly like English. It is more neatly, prudently, carefully, cautiously. Speaking of carefully, cautiously and attentively, there is another word that you might want to learn. Astarozna. You will hear it a lot on the subway, on the street, at home, Astarozna. Literally, it means carefully cautiously. But we also use this word to express things like be careful, Astarozna. Which brings us to our second example, a Kazi Pauske. People usually think that men drive better than women, but in my opinion, a lot of women drive excellently fast, but also carefully. Take a moment and try to translate it on your udibchumaum de machen, Lucha enchine no Pam Renine AqichnaVde Bustra no atarojna AqchnaTscaa taka taka. 16. As...as... for Adverbs: Rivet, in this lesson, we will continue talking about adverbs and ways to compare them. To be more precise, today, you will learn how to say things like, he plays the violin as good as I do. We're going to see how the structure as works with adverbs. Let's look at some examples. Dances well. Anna hasotansut He dances well, too. On Tj Hahotansu, their ability of dancing is equal. So we can say she dances as well as he does. Anna, Tak hahotansuKa. Take ak is the Russian version of as as with adverbs. Take Kak. Another example. This couple sings beautifully Eta para KasvaPaot. These girls sing beautifully too. Ety DevkeTojaKasva, Paut. All these people sing equally beautifully. So we can say This couple sings as beautifully as those girls. Eta para. Let's practice. You will see a sentence translated to Russian. Keywords will pop up on your right. Let's start. Reading in Russian is as easy as reading in English. Easy go. It parquet Panglske Today is just as cold as it was yesterday. Cold Holodna. Sivoga Take HolodnaKakb ira. You know it just as well as I do. Well, a sho. Tis nice Eta, Tag huraoKaa Date pasoNmalFlm episode Bidsat Chest. Today, Vladimir is telling Alyssa about two people he knows Davtes Madrid. Hoch ascuttorR Billy Dua Machka Ani Bilcinumchen Balanticretv Anisa Cc Ad NuskPtum Anisa Concili Aden University at Ani is Zucchi economico. Raso Baadna Ato PtomNcihas Aden Dima B Sho businessman, Argi Andre Robott Barre Cogea but him. OchenPsaJima, Ochinrod Lubivi Andre Nitro Lubiw cog Dima. On Nick Dabotkmoa Cg Dima. Like each now. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Hutchins Torio. Do you want me to tell you an interesting story? Kanesna? Of course. Really Billy da Malchka. Really Billy is a classic way to start a fairy tale in Russian, something like once upon a time. Literally, it means they lived, they were, but we use it just to start a fairy tale. Really Billy. Really Billy dvamlchka. Once upon a time, there were two boys. Anni Bili chin mneOchentalan Live creative. They were very smart, very talented and creative. An Zaconc at Nusklo they finished one school, meaning the same school. Patom Anzaconcil Aden University yet, then they finished the same university, one university. Ani Iucalieconomico. They studied economics. Hao Panatna. I see Astopatom and then what? Noia Aden Dima, Bolshoi businessman. But now one Dima is a big businessman, Argo, Andre, Rabotbi and the other Andre works at a bar. Caceta, How so? Pucemo. Why? Watching TrostaV simple. Dima, watching through the ubivTrudLubiv, is a complex word made up from two stems. Tut means labor. Lubit means to love. Loving labor. True Luv hardworking. True ubivim watching thru the Lubiv Dima is very hardworking. Andrea de Libia Dima but Andre is not as hardworking as Dima. On Nick Dani ate Rabota takmunogakanr, he never wanted to work as much as Andre. Lagchna LGchna Logical. But we use it to say, makes sense. Lgchna. Lachna, it makes sense. Let's play out the dialogue. Nato CarceaPimo. Lina. Initio really Billy Da Multica Ani Billy chen umnOchenalantlw, creative Anza Concili at Nc patom Anisa Concili Aden University at An Iucali economico. Ncihas Aden Demo, B S businessman, Adri, Andre Robott Bari OchinpsaJima, Ochinrdubiv and taro Lubivi Ck Dima. On Nick Dhabottakmnoga, Cg Dima. Today, we talked about adverse. Let's check your progress. Cas Kast Persky. He plays the violin as good as I do. On EgreNskriTa hara Kaka or another example. In Iceland, it is almost as cold as in Russia. First, we will need to learn the word almost Pach ti. I never changes, so we can start using it right away. With slangiPacti Taenia dscvaa 17. Need / Can't / Mustn't: In this lesson, we'll continue talking about something very different. Today, we're talking about modal verbs. Models are words that we use to show if something is certain, probable or possible. We also use models to express ability, permission, request, and offers. In English, the models are can, may, should, must, et cetera. In Russian, we have fewer words, but the thing about them is that they act differently. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to say things like, you must stop here, or you mustn't smoke in here. Or in Russia, you can buy the most beautiful Russian doll. It's Nano. The words that we are going to talk about today are very special. They do not change, which is great news. Let's see them. We have the word that is similar to the English can or to be allowed to Mojna Mojna and a word that is similar to the English, not allowed or mustn't NaNa MjnaNa Let's see how they can be used in a sentence. It is allowed to swim here or you can swim here. But the Russian version will be rather impersonal. This MznaPlavtO the opposite. It is not allowed to swim here. You mustn't swim here. This nlsaPlavt. Let's practice. Mjnala. Is it allowed or forbidden? We will be talking about the general rules in a cafe. Mjnana can or cannot. Allowed or not allowed MjnaNa. You will see a question and the logical response. Post video, give the complete answer, on pause and check with me. Let's start. A Mushna spat. A Milsa spot. Moshna he tat. Va Mushna Citat Mushna yes. Mona. Mona Kurit Another important word is jnaNedH to must. Anything that expresses necessity and obligation Nona. Is this nat Here, one must stop. Let's practice. You will see road signs. Say what they mean. Let's start. Is this a? One mustn't turn right here. Is this a One mustn't turn left here. Is this one can turn left here? Is this Mara. One can turn right here. Is this Misa percavaz? One cannot park here. This Nona Stat. One must stop here. Is this Nat. One mustn't stop here. This Mariama, one can go straight here. Is this one mustn't go here. A maximum Sook kilometre has. One can go maximum 40 kilometers/hour here. Nal Episode. Today, Alisa and Ladimir are talking about rules. Again. Yeah, no taxi. But Damido of mega market. I kosher mash Mona tolcatxipPavo. Et MonaOh No ChesnabluPav. Oh, Astarjna. Is this Nurnaalva. Let's go over the dialogue line by line. KudtJo Alisa. Where are you going, Alisa? Of magazine to a shop. Ya Kupe do Kupe to buy Kupite Yahu kupt y do. I want to buy food. Acadia Et magazine. Where is this shop? Yana taxi. Literally, what she's trying to say that she will go by taxi, but she's omitting the word go because this is such a common expression. Yana taxi, I am by taxi. Tamped mega market. A Delco because I want to buy food at the mega market, and it is far. Ape, and why not buy cara Parka vat to park. In a couple of lessons, we will learn how to conjugate these very verbs. They're exceptional. There is a whole group of these words. But for now, let's just remember the infinitive parkavtTPark. Ta Na para Machin. You cannot park the car there. Monaca taxi, psh Ps on foot. Psh Monaca taxi, IPs, you can only come by taxi or on foot. Siga MngaPravlPrav. A rule Pravda MngaPrav as always many rules. E emojnaTnz you can do this. You cannot do that. Oh da oh, yes. No, yes li Chesna Yalu blue Pravla. Alyssa says yes li Chesna I honestly, she's trying to say, if I'm being honest. No, yes licesna, Yalu blue privla. But if I'm being honest, I love rs. Oh, Astarozna. Astarozna careful Astarosna. Oh, Astarozna. Oh, careful. This NznaNva Here you must take a left. Let's play out the dialogue. Magazine, Ya hacho could be T too. Yeah, no doxy, but Amosa Yagacho could be GT of Viger Markete go. Talia percam MznaTlkanataxi, Ipsum. Oh, hsnabavOi, Astrona this nznalva. Could that be Josh Alisa I could Magain matzo Today, we talked about modoc MznaNsaNzna or another version of Nzna is Nada. You can hear it almost as often, but mostly in informal conversations. Let's check your progress. How will you say, you must stop here? This Nzna Stayet Another example, you mustn't smoke in here. This Niza Kurt and War In Russia, you can buy the most beautiful Russian doll. Mona Cupit samurai matric at lichna ascaaaca 18. Be Able to / Want to / Must: Yeah. In this lesson, we will continue talking about models. But this time we'll talk about the models that express desire, ability, and obligation. Not in general, like we said, one must do this, but more personal like, you have to buy vegetables tomorrow. Unlike the three words that we have already learned, Mana, the words that we learn today will be changing. They will all work in different ways. So the lights in The models that we will talk about today. We will start with want to Let's conjugate it. Auch Anache Anoche. Let's take a look at some examples. I want to draw Yahu savat I don't want to sing pit. Let's practice. First, look at the words on the right. Cupit souvenre, at grate show, Puesvv at the hat. We will translate them all in a bit. But first, try to figure out which word goes where. The question is, chat. What do they want to do? I will show you a picture, tell me the word that fits that picture, then listen to my question and answer the question. Let's start. To walk in the park. They want to walk in the park. G Park. To travel. Put chest Vovd. So Ani haat dealt. They want to travel. Ani hat at Putsch Vovd. To rest at the huts. Stow Hoch dealt. He wants to rest on hooch it at the huts. To take photos. Photography of it. Stow a Hochet dealt. She wants to take photos. Anna HochtPhotograph rowtz. To buy souvenirs. Cut souvenir. I want to buy souvenirs. A Cupit souvenir. To watch a show. So Hach dt. You want to watch a show. Show. Now we will talk about the word. Much. Let's conjugate it. Men Mogut I can draw mguRsavat I cannot sing Jaime. Let's practice. D. Who can do what? We have several actions, at Danse vat, pits, and the indications of gas and Serge's abilities. Answer the questions using all the information you can see. Let's start. At Olga Mesavg Med tensvt Serge most tensvtOlgat most Pit. Serge Olga Mogutt. Before we move on, let's go over all these sentences. Moje tsawtes who can draw? Olga Mose tri Sawtes A Serge yet, Olga can draw, but Serge cannot. Mojetansv who can dance? Serge, TansvOlgaet Serge can dance, but Olga cannot. To mojadPits, who can sing? I Serge Olga, mogutPt both Serge and Olga can sing. Tanal Pet. A Pet, and you. Can you draw, dance or sing? I can dance, but I cannot draw or sing. This was my answer, and how about you? Next, we will talk about must Dolsen. This word will work a bit differently. It will only change according to the gender Dusen Annan Ann. An down. He has to work masculine. On Dozen abouts. She has to work feminine. Anna DalznaRabot. It has to work, neuter. Eta Dno Rabot we have to work plural. M abuts. Now, if you're a man and you want to say, I must work, you will use the masculine form, you will say, Dugan Rabot. But if you're a woman and you want to say, I must work, you will use the feminine form, abut. Let's practice. We have two patterns here. What do they do? Stout, and what do they have to do? D. Listen to the questions and answer according to what you see. Let's start. Stow on Dalit. He reads a lot on Mongtt Sto on Dogon Dt. He must read a lot. On Dongat Sto on a Dalit. She drives a car. Anna Vd Mahin Anant. She must drive the car carefully. Carefully means Astaoanaro So dt. He's a professor. He knows a lot. At professor on Mungant So Dogen Dalit He must know a lot on Dogon Monogasnight. Dat Namal film episode. Today, Alisa and Ladymir are talking about their abilities. Matt Alyssa Hausho MaguHo Nohinblu. Rather, Toya DoznaGtKar gin, Pieta Moya Gato Tolcacd Moya mama, Gatovi Bol slat key. Yanis no CoconiRzTlka, mama, Mg got Dubbo CusnaYaniG mama, Dadaab Yeah, Rana, Nacho Gatarhinub. Is it just chin blu Pizzo plan H A Clichna Apatom yes, sua Voltem. Let's read the dialog line by line. Alisa, Hao Gatovi Alisa, do you cook well? Mago Hao Gavi. I can cook well. No hinloblu but I don't like it very much. Ad. I'm glad that I don't have to cook every day. Petamo Yagavltu that is why I cook only when I want to. Ada abymaGatovul ki, slake Slatky sweet masculine form, slat ki, feminine form, slat ca, neuro form, slake, plural form, slateaabl MaamaGatov Bulky, slat ki. When I was little, my mom cooked sweet buns. No Yanis Naoko uni sep, but I don't know what the recipe is. Tolke mama Magl Ikatow. Only my mom could cook them. The word much in the past tense is a little bit different. The masculine form will be Mug. The feminine form will be mag Mg. The neuter form is mag magl the plural form is Magl Magli. Tolke Mama Maga Gatovit. Only mom could cook them. Bvnaya Dietta childhood, Dietta Bv zn. Yes, in childhood, food was more delicious. Ya tag, Kak mama dist. I cannot cook in such a way like my mom in my childhood. Mydata, parents, adeabt. My parents always worked a lot. Yana nacho Gatovi do. I started cooking food early. Cada yaml amok macaroneicartosco, ribu When I was little, I could cook macaroni, potatoes and fish. Maladiete you're great. GatowNochin Lubla, IchanOchin Lu blu. In the past, I didn't like cooking very much and now I still don't like cooking much. Si, pizza, plan. Tonight, I'm planning a pizza. Kochs, would you like some? At chnaGreat. Sudaga apatom yest, sudavol. With pleasure, I will watch how you cook and then eat with pleasure. Let's play out the dialogue. A MaguoGatw Nono ChinubluRaa Toya DznaGatovi Kaz D Dan, Pete Moya GatovTlkaTu Dasta Bv kuznaenimagu, Ta GatoviKakmma, Dest Manchin Lub. Is it just new chin Lubu? A KlechndadG Apatmtavtim. Oloroo Mamma Gato bul slap key is no you CoconiRcept Tulkamma Mg got it. Madi about. Ya Rana, Nacho got do Cog Doyabo Malinche, Yamocarone got it, IkartoscoEubo. PlanHo Today we talked about three modal verbs, Hast Much DolsaT want, to be able to, and to be obliged. Let's check your progress. CasaParuske. I can draw beautiful pictures. AguaarakzPark. I want to speak Russian well. Katara Peruse AcaxKazt Vladimir has to buy these pills. Vladimir Dalgon pit tablet Acaxkazt Alisa has to buy these pills. Alisa DalgnaKp tablet, Atisna Voda let's go Acaca. 19. Dative Case of Pronouns: R. In this lesson, we will talk about the dative case. You already know the nominative, the one that indicates the subject, the dord in the sentence, the propositional case that indicates the location of something, the accusative case, which indicates the direct object, a thing or a person to which the action is being applied. And now we'll talk about the dative case, which shows the indirect object. In a lot of the examples, it will indicate the recipient of the direct object. For example, I'm giving you the book. The book is the direct object. So as you know, it will be in the accusative case. But you to whom I'm giving the book, is the indirect object, the recipient of the book that I'm giving. Words that require dative case are easily identified. The answer the question to whom. We can easily give numerous examples. Call me. Tell me about the book. Explain this to me. Give me the fat. In all the sentences, N was in the dative case because it was the indirect object of the sentence. In this lesson, we will only talk about the dative case of pronouns. Dative case of pronouns. First, let's quickly revise the pronouns that answer the question D. Who? Anna no Ani. Now, the question to the dative case is a m to m Kamu. Let's see how the pronounce above change to me, M to you Tibia to him. Mu. To her ye to it. Ym to us Nam to you when is the plural or the respective 1:00 A.M. To them. Im. Let's repeat them once again. Kamu Ye Ye Naim. Let's see how they work in a sentence. Here is a totally new word dart to gift or to give as a present, Dart. Let's conjugate it quickly. Yeah. Dunn a ti. To whom do you give the flowers? One, he gifts the flowers to her. One of the most common usages of the dative case that we haven't talked about yet is Wosrt age VosrSt. That is exactly why we waited so long to learn how to ask or say our age Because we needed to know what the dative case was and how it is applied. Now you will see examples of the sentences of how we say our age. Don't be surprised the shape of the sentences is a bit different from the ones that you're used to. The linguistic reasons why we structure the sentences this way, but we won't get that deep into the subject at the moment. Let's just accept it as it is. We use dative case when we talk about the age. Ska Tibet. How old are you? M D Adient. I am 21-years-old. Met. How old is he? Yemu Soda koda. He's 42-years-old. Skolka yet. How old is she? Y treats it pet it. She's 35-years-old. Let's practice. You will see the pictures and hear the questions. Let's start. Skymlt Yemu I didn't go. Ska ye let. Ye dvagdak Yemu let. Tri god. Skolka yeet. Ye Shrest Liat. Skolka yeet. Ye did not sit Liet Skolk Ym iat. It. We will get back to the dative case in a very short while. But for now, let's talk about something else. Cafe. In a cafe cafe. Let's learn some words that we use while eating out. Misa meat. Myasa Kuriza Chicken. CurisaRbaFsh, ba. Is Rs. Is. Oh, vegetables. Osi KartoskaFre. French fries. KartoskaFre. ZacasOder Zacas. When we order in a restaurant, we say Mogina Mg. Can I have? You already know all parts of this phrase. Mjna Is it possible or can I and M to me. So literally it means, is it possible to me? But we use it to say, Can I have Murga M. Let's practice ordering in a cafe. You will see two pictures and the prices of the food in them. Like this. Order both things you see. Use the morgenam structure and name the food that you see, and then respond on behalf of the server. Let's start. Say, can I have meat and vegetables? Mame Ma now respond on behalf of the server, saying, Yes, of course, it will be $23. Edit doll. Can I have chicken and rice? Mona Kuri. It is Yes, of course, it will be $15. But penas at dollar. Can I have fish and french fries? Mm Ribo kartokoF. Of course, it will be $31. Da Kana Eta Budget treats a Aden dollar. Diammul film. Episode Disad Today, Alyssa is coming to a nice restaurant to have a quiet dinner on her own. Matriz. Dressed with aji. Mo pagasta. What Pagosa Sekine pagast I salad. It is. Anna Pecha chicha. Char pagastO birann Steak craschinKna. Onalap What Pat Let's read the dialogue line by line. Drastw Hello. What would you like? MnuPajalsta. A menu, please. What Pajalsta. Hot pagosta. Here you are. We will have a whole lesson dedicated to the word paja sta and all its meanings in Russian. We use it on several occasions. So here, as a standard phrase as a fixed phrase, t pajalsta we use to say, here you are hot pagasta Here you are. Was yeast steaky? Do you have steaks? The Caesna? Yes, of course. Moslem steak, pajaosta. Can I have a steak, please? I sure salad, it is, and also a salad and rice Napitontta. And wouldn't you like a beverage? Chi pajasta. Tea, please. Mashed with crane vino, and maybe red wine. Steak Kras nVoPtochin kzna. Steak and red wine will be very tasty. Hao. Okay. Murma addin bacalPajalsta. Bacal means a wineglass. We use this word only for wine glasses. Morm addin BacalPajasta. Can I have one glass, please? Literally, it means you have 18 years, right? You are 18 years or more, right? MoznavhPassport, Pasta. Can I have your passport? Please. This is a standard procedure in Russia. Whenever you buy cigarettes or alcohol, your passport will be asked. And even if you are 40-years-old, it can still happen to you. They still ask for your passport, because the fine for selling alcohol or cigarettes to the underage person is too high. They will never risk it. MoznavhPassport, Paasta Can I have your passport, please? Oh, nokana. Oh, of course. What? Pajsta. Here you are. Dwelt. I am 27-years-old. Let's play out the dialogue. Mino Bajasta. A steak. Mama steak Pat Aho salad it is Chai. Ohana. What paja M what's its name it? What pot. Do Kierna Anaptechna teacher. Must cross Navin, steak crass Navino Budget chin Kuzna not yet mist MznaPoport was roost Today, we talked about the dative case of pranas. You saw how incredibly useful it was. We use the dative case after specific verbs to tell, to call, to give, to gift. We use it to say how old someone is, and we use it to order things in a restaurant. And actually, in many, many, many more cases that we will talk about in the next lesson. Anna Zion, so let's caca. 20. Dative Case of Nouns: Trivial. In this lesson, we will continue talking about the date of case, but of nos this time. We will see how the words change in the date of case. So by the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, Vladimir gave Alisa a pen. Or Alisa gave Vladimir a fam. Or Alyssa is 27-years-old. Is a chess. The dative case of nouns. The question to the dative case is ammo to whom? Como. Let's look how different genders work on the dative case. Masculine, for example, Drok a friend. Masculine nouns take an Ooh, at the end. DruguT a friend. Drugu or a masculine noun with a soft stem Andre, where letter indicates the soft stem. These nouns will take U at the end, very similar actually. Andreu to Andre and Dre. Now, let's see how neuter nouns change. Vina wine. Drops the O and takes an nu to the wine, VenuOr the ones that end with a soft stem. More a C, drops the last letter, takes a U, Mu to the C. Moru Now the feminine nouns. Padruga a friend drops the R, takes the instead. PadrugT a girlfriend. Padrug Soft stem, Raisa drops the ya, takes the I as to Russia as. Now the examples. Kamu padarkiPadarki means presents. Singular form of the word is a bit different. Padara present a gift. PadaraPadark. Whom do you give presents to? Roadru I give presents to the friend and the girlfriend. Let's practice. Worst age, Vosrst. Let's practice telling the age again. But this time we won't use the pronoun but people's names instead. Let's start. Kim. Kirill Aden got Masha SkolkaY it. Masha Dwigda Anton Solkmt AntonoTriGda. Victoria SkolkaYt Victoria Shrest at Olga SolkeYtOlge Penuts let Sergem et. Serge ju tree it. Remember the words Mjnana If our aim is to say that some precise person is not allowed is able to or has to do something, we will use the dative case with these words. For instance, I can smoke here. Mjnai you cannot stand here. Tibia he has to go Nona. Let's practice now. I will give you a situation and ask you a question. Answer in Russian using their names, and then check with me. Let's start. Ita Aleksander Ilana, I Simnast ImmojnaKupo Kagul. Net, Aleksandr Elena, Nilsa Kupit Alka gol. Aeta Nastadmtrit. I Morna Kupitlkagol. Da Nast dmtriu MjnaKupitKagol. Let's read again and translate. Eta Alexandra Elena, this is Alexander and Lena. Im Simnazea they are 17-years-old. I MjnaKuptlkagol. Are they allowed to buy alcohol? Net Alexandrou Elena Niza Kupitlkagol. No, Alexander and Lena are not allowed to buy alcohol. Aeta NasdmtriT is Nasa and Mt. The 28-years-old. I mona KupielKagul. Can they buy alcohol? DtaupelKgl. Yes, Nastia and Mitri are allowed to buy alcohol. Now we will see some verbs that require a noun and the dative case. Some of them you already know, others will be totally new. But nevertheless, we will conjugate all of them just to make sure that you are comfortable conjugating all of these verbs. Dt to give us a present to gift to give us a present. He gives the flower to the girl. At ravt SMS to send a message. At Pravlet SMS, at at Pv Anna at PvP Ani at Pv At Pravlet SMS to send a message. Anna at Pv SMS Drugu She's sending a text to her friend. RakasvTTell Rakavavaazv Anna Rakasv AnavavT tell. Anna RakasvPadruje Ashkle She tells a friend about school. PamaGtsT help. PamaGats. Yeah, pamaGauTPamagay, namagayt Anna Pamagayt pamagaymPamagat. Any pamagautPama Got to help. Mu Pamagayem Babuske we're helping Grandma. Z to call ZZ Anna Z Z A Z T call. Anna Z Ibrato She is calling her mother and her brother ZwatT call. AbishetT promise. Abishet Abihu Absa Anna Absa Abi An Absa A BishtT promise. Ya, I Bisha you Tibia. I promise you, I beshet to promise. Let's practice. The task is simple. Translate the sentences into ion. Let's type. I call dad every day. YP Kard We love giving m presents. A. My sister is helping a grandmother in the street. Mama Babe. I promised my husband to be home early. Ya Absala Mu B Dmarna. Young people love sending messages to each other. Each other Drukdrugo Made LubetucTugu. Let's continue what we started in the previous lesson. Cafe in a cafe. You will see more words that you might want to know while eating in Russia. Yitz an egg. Yitzup soup, soup. Salat salad, salad. Marosen Ice cream. MosineKlp Bread. Klip fil Episode Sis Disat. Today, Alisa and Vladimir are in a cafe again. Dates matrit. Dressed with your chin hou astra gatova cas did. M soup is salad. Para Amit Dia. Ion is after cola Pajama pizzita let's read the dialogue line by line. Rest with you. Hello. Yeah, Ochenhachu yes. Betrau casewaamrazu. Immediately, right away. Trazo. Yeah, chen hachu yes. Petras casam. I'm very hungry. That is why we're ordering immediately. Menu Munzna. No need for a menu. Da, ya Tosa. Yes, me too. Yeah, Gatova acas diet. I am ready to make an order. Ma soup salad. For me, soup and salad. I pajasta and bread, please. Amna izzo and for me, an egg. It Dvaiza No. Two eggs. Yeah, Ishoafracla. I haven't had breakfast yet. Arofee Dvaiza Yes, to the girl. A good coffee and two eggs. AisooPajasta, and also an ice cream, please. No, mis razo a pato, but not right away later. Da Mogin. Yes, and ice cream. Chakaadn a chocolate one. Am sure soakeTjakfe. And for me, also juice and also a coffee. Briatnava aptita Bria nav aptita Bona pit. Bria nav aptita nav pita Bona pit. Let's play out the dialogue. At you got over the cardiology. Amitiza, Yasin is after coal. Dan it grass with your chin hot ast ninja. Soup is salad. Equally parsa Hi, Iva, A Marjane past nonaso a pato. Amish sokojkffe Today, we talked about the dative case and many verbs that require it. Let's check your progress. Cas KaParusk Vladimir gave Alyssa a pen. Vladimir Da Alse Rucko AcaccaztParuske. Alissa Gabo Dimrepon. Alissa Da VladimiruTfa. CakaztPeruske. Alissa is 27-years-old. Alice dvcint. Acabscat the kids are helping the mother to cook. ItiPomagayut, Mummy Galet Ana Vacomaacaaca. 21. Like: T. In this lesson, we will talk about the word like. Yes, of course, you know that we can use the word Lubi in the meaning of like, but we also have another specific word and we use it more often than the word Lubit to be honest. The reason why we waited for so long to learn this very common word is that we need the dative case because it is a huge part of this new structure. Many other languages have this structure. Mia giffet in German, Mitete in Italian, Mgusta in Spanish, Hoshi Magda, in Turkish, and Mian avisa in Russia. And also we will continue learning more and more expressions that use the dative case and which are a fundamental part of our daily speech. You will learn to use phrases like, I am bored. He's scared. It hurts and I don't care. We use this very specific structure that we are talking about today to talk about your feelings for all these sentences, you will need the dated case. This word is a bit different. We will only use two forms. Singular avez and plural. Avanza. Think about it as is liked. An aveza. Think about it as liked, where the words anna an ni represent the object that is being liked. But to express who likes these objects, we will use the dative case of the relevant pronouns. I like as you like Tibs. He likes via. She likes rats. We like Nam visa. You like when you is plural or respectful. Want they like Iman. Let's see some examples. I like this house. Meta. Eta Dom is actually the subject of the sentence. It is like this house is liked by me. Matt I like the score. My Eta Mahina. I like this apple. Ma Eta Yablak. The structure, Munaaviz is not affected by the gender of the subject, but it is affected by the number of the things you like. Let's see how the word changes in plural again. Mata think about it as liked by me. Tibetan av. For instance, these houses are liked by me, or in better English, I like these houses. Una et Dama. I like these cars. Mazza et machine. I like these apples. Table. Let's practice. On the left side, you will see sentences with the word Lubit. Paraphrase the sentences that you see using the word Naviza but keeping the meaning unchanged. Let's start. Ya blu Rt Vogubluvdv Kata lubed pets KoffeOtra Anna NubtPe Chai. I Kate navsaPetKofe, tram Ye Nina Pet Chi. Doctor LubitaboONubt at the hut doctor Nazabt at the Hut Natasha Lubit interior Nk Anna Nlubitkusnkn. Natasha interior Ski Skin. Let's re read all the sentences and look at the translations. I like living in a city. You can say it in two different ways. I don't like living in a village. Kata likes drinking coffee in the morning. Kubra Kate tram. She doesn't like drinking tea. Anna ub pithy raves pet Chi. The doctor likes working. Doctor Lubitab doctor Rabotg. He doesn't like resting on Nubit at the Hatz at the hut. Natasha likes interesting books. Natasha Lubi interior snake Nige. I Natasha a interior snake Nige. She doesn't like boring books Ananubkusnk nigkushnik Nige. Although the structure with the word Navisa may seem more complicated, it is more common in Russian. There is no way around it. Let's just try using it. We also use the dative case in the specific structures that express our feelings. We start with a person. It can be a name, a pronoun, anything in the dative case. For the sake of simplicity of our examples, let's go with the pronouns Mabe. These words will be followed by the adverb that expresses the feeling itself. Let's take a look at some examples. Holodna called Munir Holodna I'm called bHlodna, you are called YHlodna he is called YHlodna she is called Nam Hodna we are called a Holodna you are called Imhlodna they are called. Tip. Warm tiplTipl I warm. Tibi ti pl, you warm. Yim ti pl. He is warm. Y ti pla She is warm. Nam Tiplo we're warm. Wam tipl you warm. I tipl they are warm. A hot ka Mark, I am hot. Sibajarka you're hot. YmuJka he's hot. Yearka she's hot. Nam Jarka we're hot. Wajarka you're hot. Im Jka, they're hot. Jarka is the word that only expresses how you feel at that very moment. Bolna hurt, Bolna. I am hurt. My Bola, I'm hurt. Strana scared. Stran Matrosna, I'm scared. Skusna Bord Skushna Mascushna I'm bored. PanatnaUnderstood, PanatnaPaatna. It's clear to me. Hochesa W. But it's a bit more capricious want. You have a craving or you want for some reason, or you feel like doing something Hochesa MunaHchesa I feel like So Ravno. It doesn't matter, literally, to me, it is all equal avavno, it doesn't matter to me. Data film episode. Today, Alisa is telling Vladimir how her day turned out to be great instead of boring. Da matrit. Coco chibi Opus nice. Va Mibtak Schna. Matt vimib satche SchnFlm SchnaT show, Skohne clama ada Gulati. Nika chip Yamana Giant Amabo let's read the dialogue line by line. Ib, how are you doing? I'm feeling so great today. Remember, the expression expresses how you are feeling. Dorav dorava is another word to express great, a bit of a slang one, but now it's so common that people of all ages use that word all the time. DoravaGreat. Apachemo but why? Nabla ta Skusna. Yesterday, I was so bored. Sat Televisa, I was watching TV and it didn't matter to me what to watch. C Canale Bili Skushn, all channels were boring. Skushni film, SkushnT show, SkushnRklam Reclama advertisement, commercial, Reclama Skushni film, SkusnTshow SkushnRklame. A boring film, a boring talk show, boring commercials. Pat adlaGlet then I went for a walk. Vera Nabla holdna Wasn't it cold yesterday? Nohil No, what a wonderful day it was. Mini Tiplo I wasn't cold. I wasn't hot, I was warm. YamnogaG I walked and walked a lot. Patmstalaat to get tired. Stat. Let's conjugate it in the present tense. Ya ustau anustat. Now, let's conjugate it in the pastas, masculine, ust, feminine stalaNuter ustaloPlural, ustaPtmustaa, then I got tired. Las nidin a great day. A Rabo, and I was working for the whole day yesterday. Pieta Hocheza at the hut. That is why now I feel like resting. Aicha hociza. Do you know what I'm craving now? Mrogen ice cream, cacoa CocaaElka Kosovo. What kind? A chocolate one or a coconut one? Oh, am sano. It doesn't matter to me. Let's play out the dialogue. Oh, Mitch. Is nice ra Mibultakkna. MatritvizEmiblo Sura nostri Bilche Scone film, SchnaT show, skoshneKla Gulati. Maid Mabin, Narca, a chiplo, YamanogaGa Gulia Pato stala. As nice as Hoch. On Cococib. Apuchi Klas Ni Gan raabot at the Hatch Today, we talked about all the usages of the dative kits. Honestly, I cannot even imagine talking without these structures. Let's see your progress now. I'm bored. This book is so boring. Reminder. We use the word Takoi to say so. Manana Takushnapark, he's scared. This movie so scary. Mutatrapark, it hurts, my leg is hurting. Here we will need to stop for a minute. You already know how to say it hurts when you're just saying that someone has pain without specifying the results of the pain. We also have a verb that means to hurt and just like other verbs in its group, it has two phrases on a singular and a plural. Just like the verb to cost means stoat or to be called is Nava, NaswT hurt is bait Bat. Instead of the possessive pronoun, we used to structure the Russian language prefers mia. Baa. To say, I have a headache or my head hurts, we will say mina bait gaa. To say I have a stomachache or literally my abdomen hurts. We will say mina, bait Jivt. Let's try the plural form. Her eyes hurt. She must buy glasses. Alla Yezhna coptPaki. Let's go back to our example. It hurts. My leg is hurting. Mali Another example, Caxkaz I don't care. Mravno. Let's do one more. I like learning Russia. It is not as difficult as I thought. Mazaka Domo. At lisna Messi Wine now it's time for you to revise everything you have learned so far and take your six quicks. Good luck. Da Let's cava. 22. Genitive Case: Paula te Glavi Dokova infarm In this chapter, you will learn the two remaining cases. You will learn many new verbs and also new types of verbs that we haven't looked at earlier, and you will also learn how to talk about someone's life, how to describe the major milestones in a person's life. Yours or someone else's. In this first lesson today, we will talk about the genitive case, which will allow you say things like coffee with no milk, please. Or Marina has got the cutest dog in the world. Or this ice cream is for you. Again, it is quite shocking that we haven't learned all these things yet, but it requires quite a bit of knowledge to get to those topics. The wits nena. The genitive case. We will start with pronoun. As always for starters, let's revise the nominative case of pronounce first. The question to the subject is Who? Yeah, do you remember how we say hum Cavo. And to answer the question, we say, Me, Mina, Tibia H YvoHo I YvosNs when is plural or respectful, as them. And when we say by whom, meaning who has, we say ka vo by me, or I have Umina by you or you have ti Ba by him or he has nivo, by her or she has uno, by it, or it has nivo, by us, or we have as by you when you is plural respectful, or you have vas by them, or they have uniq that is it. Two last lines are already the generative case. Well, firstly, because the animate pronouns in the generative case coincide with the accusative case, and also because the structure Ukavo was already the generative case. I just never told you because it was unnecessary at that time. The takeaway here, we use Mina, Tibia, vo, yo, Yi vo, Nas, as h when we need the generative case without a preposition, and we use Mina Tibia no, Nio, no, Nasa Ni when we have a preposition. In a very short while we will talk about when to use the generative case with and without the preposition. And now let's look at some examples. Oka Tipir yes Car tira. Tipir means now. Well, actually, it means from now on, but we usually translate it as now, Tip. Gartira A flat or an apartment. QuartiraUkavo, Tipir yes Gartira. Who has a flat now? Un yes Kartira. They have a flat. Let's look at this structure one more time. Ca vo, mina, tiba, onivoOoonivo, nas ova ni let's use another preposition that also requires the genitive case. Bias, without bias Bs ca vo without whom. Bis miga without me. Bistiba without you. Bis Nivo, without him. Bisno without her. Bisnvo without it. Business without us. Bs vas without you when you is plural or respectful. Bis nich without them. And look at some examples. Ye pha Bisnvo She feels bad without him. Or on a more positive note. Mama BistibaG Mountains. Gori or a singular form. Gara. A mountain Garage Bistiba we don't want to go to the mountains without you. Now we will talk about the genitive case of nouns. The question to the animate nouns is still the same. KaVo. As always, the nouns will change according to the gender. Mescaline, for example, Druk will take the letter A Druga Mescaline nouns with a soft stem, for example, Andre will lose the y letter at the end and take the letter a, Andrea, now neuter nouns. We know the word will lose the last letter O and take the letter, Vina, or the ones with a soft stem like more. Also we lose the last letter, but we'll take the letter, Ma. Now the feminine nouns Sistra. As always, they will lose the letter at the end and take the letter sstrOr the ones with a soft stem like Padruga where the letter indicates the soft stem, just like other hissing sounds do. And also ending or the soft sign at the end of the word. These words with a soft stem will lose the last letter, but take the letter Padrugi. Let's look at some examples. Ukavo yest Sabaka. Who has a dog or literally what we are saying, by whom is there a dog? The friend has a dog, or literally we will say, By friend, there is a dog. U Druga Yes sabaca. Andre has a dog, or by Andre, there is a dog. U Andrea Yes sabaca Sister has a dog or by sister, there is a dog. Sister esa Baca. The girlfriend has a dog or by girlfriend, there is a dog Padrugi estaba. This example wouldn't be relevant in the case of neuronos, but you will see other examples later. Let's practice. At yes Who has what? You will see some people on the left. Anna, Irina, Alexander Mina Anton. Now you will see some questions. Answer and check with me. Let's start. Okavo Yes Sabaka Alexandra yes SabakaOkavo yest koshka. Mini yes koshkaUkavo, yes dingy. Dinge means money. But unlike English in Russian, it is always plural, dingy money. Okavo yes, dingy. Antona yes de caves Planchet. On yes, PlanchetUar CreditnaKarta. A credit card. CreditnaKarta. Okanarta yes. Let's go over these sentences once again. Av yes saba. By whom is there a dog? Or in proper English, who has a dog? O Alexandra Yes Sabaka. By Alexander, there is a dog or in proper English, Alexander has a dog. Okavo yest koshka. Who has a cat? Oh, Nine, yes koshka. Nina has a cat. Okavo yest Deni. Who has money? Oh Antona yest Dene. Anton has money. Okavo yest Planchet. Who has a tablet? Oh, Anna, yes, Planchet. Anna has a tablet. Okavo yes crinkarta. Who has a credit card? In yesnkarta. Irina has a credit card. Ac Dip yo coffee. How do you drink coffee? Bs Sahara Bs, without sugar and without milk. Here you go. An example of a neutronun Mac in the genitive case. Reminder, after the preposition Bs without, we use nouns in the genitive case. Let's practice. Bs chivo, Without what? You will see pictures in the name of objects. Make a phrase that will mean without it, without the object that you see. Let's start. Sahar sugar. Without sugar, bis Sahara. Sold salt. Without salt, Bs sole Bread. Without bread. Bs le gluten gluten. Without gluten or gluten free. Bias glutena Malco milk. Without milk. Bis Macca Lactosa Lactose. Without lactose or lactose free. Bis lactose Alka Gul alcohol. Without alcohol or alcohol free. Bis alcagla. Let's take one more look at this pattern. Biscavo without whom. Bismga without me. Bistiba without you. Bis nivo without him. Bisno without her. Bis Nivo without it, business without us. Bis Vas without you, where you is plural or respectful. Bs Nich without them. We can use another preposition DlaFGla It might take a bit before it becomes easy for you to pronounce this word. Pay attention to the softness at the end. Let's practice. Gla DlaFor whom dela cavoF me Lemina for you, GletbaF him, GlenvoF her, Glen jo for it. GlenvoF us, Gla Mas for you, where you is plural or respectful Llevas. For them, Llenich let's look at some examples. Eta glee tibia. This is for you. Etti. These flowers are for her or with a noun. Et. These flowers are for m. On KupetadN he bought this present for her. On Cup Eta Padarac la Joni. He bought this present for his wife. DianalFm episodes. Today, Alisa and Vladimir are celebrating the new year Davis Matrit. Alisa SnovmGdaEta Lita Oi PadaracPaj Padaki spicy adinir. Let's do it. She cat. Watching her or she Pabts. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Alissa SovmGdum SnovmGdam is how we wish each other a happy New year. Got here. Nov Nu means with. This is a shortened form of saying, I congratulate you with the new year. We will learn how to form this whole phrase from scratch. But for now, let's just remember SovmGdaHappy New Year. Alissa, SnovmGdam Alissa, Happy New Year. Eta etti Ba. This is for you. Oi padarakO, a present. Abajo padake. I love presents. Spiceba Vladimir. Thank you, Vladimir. Astoda. But what is it? Shucat Chocolate. O chin Harohi a very good one. Spiceba, thank you. A Eta let Ba. And this is for you. Munir Tj Padarak a present for me too. Ta da Wow. Naja Dl neo ja Dul Aj Dat to expect Azudat When we repeat a pattern several times, we're just trying to emphasize it. In English, you don't have to translate it with a repetition. You can just add a word or really to emphasize to exaggerate the meaning a little bit. Naja Dal Naja Dal, I really didn't expect that. Bispadarka Nilsa I cannot be without a present. Eta Nove good. This is a new year after all. Spiba Alisa, thank you, Alissa. NiataNta Not at all, is a response to thank you. Nita Nesta. Not at all. Let's play out the dialogue. I dark Spica dinner Atta. Spicib Ata let it down. BipakanEanv cot. W. Alissa SovmGda Ita, Lithia. Scala Watch hoi. Neruda Alisa. In this lesson, we talked about the genitive case, which apparently you already mute. Let's check your progress. Case parque. Coffee with no milk please. Or literally, can I have coffee without milk, please? Murna Bs pasa Osta. AcaxKazet Marina has got the cutest dog in the world. Marine SamaaNlazabaca, mire, which is very accurate, to be honest. A cacetParusqe. This ice cream is for you. Eta Moleskin no Tas cava Baca Baca. 23. There is / There isn't: Yeah. In this lesson, we'll talk about the the concept in Russia. Well, actually, we already know how to say there is this and there is that. We will revise that while talking about different places in a city. Also we learn how to say there isn't, which is a totally different thing in Russia. The license. Go a city. Let's learn some more places in a city. Building any Pmtnik a statue PametnkVax a train station, Waxal Business Center. A business center, business center. Blitz, a police station, Blitza. Astanovka a bus stop, Astanovka Basin, a swimming pool, Basin. Let's practice SmtriEtaGRt. St yeast, this yeast, Klup this yeast, Biblia Tika, this yeast, Guy yest Dama Machine Asto he shows this yeast. There is a building here. It this is an. There is a business center here. It Business Center. There is a train station here. Is this it Wax? There is a police station here. Is Paiza. There is a bus stop here. Is this yeast atanvka? There is a swimming pool here. Is this yeast by sein. There is a statue here. Is this yet pmt Nick? How to say there isn't? We will use the dative case of nouns that name the missing object. For example, there is no friend here, is this nit drugga. Andre is not here, this nit Andrea. The sister is not here, is this nit sister. The girlfriend is not here. Isnt Padre. There is no wine here. In Va. There is no C here. N. Let's practice. Things will start disappearing now. Say what is there not. Let's start. There is no building here. Is this a? There is no business center here. Is this Business Center. There is no train station here. Is this Wakala? There is no police station here. Is this n Balis? There is no bus stop here. Is this nanovk? There is no swimming pool here. This net by Sina. There is no statue here. Is this nit Banka. Let's practice some more. I will tell you what these people have Unyst you say that you don't have that object. Mat. Let's start. Nest Planchet Amina planchetar Alexandra Yest Sabaka Okay. At sabe. Un yest Koka Amaka tona yeast computer. Amina computer. Let's read all the sentences once again. Una yest Planchet Anna has got a tablet. It's in the genitive case because words that follow are in the genitive case in general. Amina planchta. The word Mina is in the generative case again because it follows Plancta is also in the genitive case because we're saying that there isn't a tablet. In credit Irina has got a credit card. Retita is a shorter and more common word for crittnakarta. A but I don't have a credit card. Alexandra yest Sabaka. Alexander has a dog. Amy Sabak, but I don't have a dog. Nine yest Koka. Nina has got a cat. Amake but I don't have a cat. Wantona yest computer. Anton has a computer, Amant computer, but I don't have a computer. The episodes. Alyssa has moved to a new house recently, and today Vladimir is visiting her there for the first time, Dates Madrid. Alisa to Kara aria Brostachn Televisa tog. Watching Muen you showed in televisor. Mid the BavNNjan. Brava. Chai. Let's read the dialog line by line. Alisa Nova Quartra. Alissa, how is your new flat? Da QuartraPsta lichen. Yes, the flat is simply great. Janas, shockingly big. Tolcab Stolka means that much or that many Stolka. Mbil means furniture. Mbolbil. I don't have that much furniture. Pana atna I see avichas what else don't you have right now? A. I used to have two rooms and now three. Divan, yes, nova, and in the new room, there is no sofa, there is a table, but there is no carpet Televisa and there is also no TV. Watching non you showed in televisor and is one more television really necessary? Pf means to be right, masculine, uh, feminine Bravo. Plural v. If you're a man, you will say, I'm right. If you're a woman, you will say, Bravo, I'm right. If you're a couple of people, you will say, we are right. NP no, you are right. New notion, it's not necessary. Na. There isn't and there is no need. As nice machine Turk Kavoch I have a very good Turkish carpet. Yes lh if you want, I can give it to you. Pravda Rocinha chu. I want that very much. Spicyba. Thank you. Let's play out the dialogue. A carta prostata profane Brava. Watching Biba. Alisa CoctoavKartia. Banana Ahvochibua Ci chas. A watching Mus on you sure I didn't televe either. Asnis chink Kev, yes Watcher Yeti Bevo Dom. In this aza, we learn how to say there is and there is prima Ax Kazat. There is a big train station in the city. Tango AkasKazat in the city, there are lots of statues Pankov AkasKazet in the city, there is no airport. One thing we didn't discuss yet is how to say there aren't. You will use the same form of a word that you use afterwards oa, Ma. Casca at Park, there aren't any business centers in the city. Or Bienv O the feminine word, for example, on this island in Istanbul, there aren't any cars. Neta Ostrov Samba, AKs ascoctaca 24. Genitive case + from: Read it. In this lesson, we will continue talking about the genitive case and one more occasion on which we are bound to use it. This is when we answer the question from where. Yes, today, you will finally learn how to say where you are from Ditech At Koda. From where? At Koda. From actually means is. And then we will just need to add names of places in the genitive case. Let's start with some masculine words. London. As you remember, masculine words in the genitive case take an at the end. Is LondonaF London. Is Londona? Or if the word has a soft stem like Shanghai, for instance, with that indicates the soft stem at the end, it will change its ending to a Shanghai is ShanhaaF Shanghai. I Shanhaa. Now the feminine words Masqua The ending will change to I Mask from Moscow is Mask. Or if there is a soft stem like Philadelphia, the ending will change to E I Philadelphi from Philadelphia is Philadelphi or some uter nouns. The thing here when it comes to proper nouns is that since these are authentic, definitely borrowed words, we will treat them like we treat the words of, cafe, taxi, Mitro, they will not change the premier Tokyo. Is Tokyo from Tokyo? Is Tokyo or Daily? Is Dai from Delhi? Is Daily? Only one thing left is the question, where are you from? The At kuda and we're done. Let's practice. At kuda nivo, where are they from and where do they live? You will see a picture in the flag of the person's country. Make two sentences, answering the questions at kuda Ani where they from where they live. Let's start. At kuda Ana. Kata is as. Ad Anna Jevt Anna as At kuda Anna. Anjana is Idi AkdanaJvut Anna Javid Windy. At Koda one. Son is Nigeri Action Javid. On revit Viger At koda Anna Rosa is Mixiki ActianaJvt Anna Javid Mexica. At coda, Anna. Jenny is Kanade. AktianaJvt Anna revealed Canada. At Koda. Look, I Amici. Action revealed. On revealed Vamc At koda Anna. Lim is Kita. Ataev Anna e Vladimir has decided to join Alyssa's German course. Alyssa is telling him about the people there, Dat Matrit Dov Papa. Eta Nocita Berta. Anna I Germany is Berlina. Octo Vonda Richina No. Eta Irina Sergevna. Anna Ruska is no Birka Anatosa act, SivgaNachilla, is ucats Nimes, isaac Octo ocher, uji. Teta, Isaac, on is Kenny. Okovo Lina, Anna is Indie, buttom stiff on is unglOh is SahuaoOkiva. Claire Marie is France. ApatomcErn SergievnKairna, Aak Sana, I as I Masqud. Co ionaOchinki Ochinisntoja. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Da Alissa. Paparatkot yiskto. Paiada. The word means order, but not the one that we make at a restaurant. Order of numbers one, two, three, four, five, six, et cetera, or the order in the room. When we want to say that everything here is an order, it's not messy at all. That kind of order, pariatac. So when we say paparatko, we mean in order or one by one. Paparatko Davi Alisa, Paparatko yeskto. Come on, Alissa. One by one, who is who? Eta No Cisza Berta. This is our teacher, Berta. Anna Germany is Berlina. She's from Germany, from Berlin. Acto Vontaenokno. Oka means next to. The word that follows the word Okoa will take the genitive case. So to say next to the house, you will say Ok Doma to say next to Andre Oka Andrea. Next to Marina. Ocala Marine. Next to the dog, Ocala Sabaki Next to the wine, Okoa Vina, next to the sea, Okoa Morata Okano who is that woman next to her? Eta Irina Sergevna. Ochsta means a patronymic name. O chtvaTh is something that does not exist in the English language or actually in any other language that I know. The thing is that in Russian, we don't have words like Mr. Or misses. But of course, we have a lot of respect for each other. So when we address a person, we use the patronymic name, which is actually a changed form of the father's name. Yes, in Russia, we all know everybody's father's name, the father of your teacher, the father of your friend, the father of the person you work with. It is extremely important. So from here, we understand that Arna's father's name is Sergei. Her patronymic name is Sergeevna. My father's name is Aleksander my patronymic name is Alexandrovna. So students at the university or at school would address me Marina Alexandrovna. Let's take a boy, for example, whose father's name is Alexander, so you can understand what I'm talking about. Let's call him Andre. His colleagues would address him Andre Aleksandrovich. His patronymic name is Aleksandrovich. Eta Irina Sergevna. Let's translate it as This is Miss Irina. Anna Ruskaa is Nowsibska. She's Russian from Nowsybrsk. Anna TojaKariZivoa, NachZuchtNmsk, Hezek. She also, like you, started studying German today. Ato votude and who are those people there? Ta, Isaac O is Kenya. This is Isaac. He's from Kenya. Ok Nivo Lena Anna is Indi. Next to him is Lena. She's from India. Paton Step O is Angle. Then Steve, he's from England. Oh, I I Sea, or is he from the USA? Npomno. I don't remember. Ok Stiva Claire Imari is Franz. Next to Steve, Claire and Marie from France. ApatoOk Irina SergevnKairina, Akana Ras is Moscu. Then next to Miss Irina, there is Katerina and Oxana, from Russia, from Moscow. Cuvas dies in Tiesna. How interesting it is here. The Otun Yes, very. EtuniNtsa and the lessons are also very interesting. Let's play out the dialogue. Eta, No Ciciza Berta, Anna, Is Germany is Berlina. Eta, Irina Sergievna Anna Ruska, Invisibirka, Anna Tosa, Kaki, ivoa, Nachilla is ucatninezki Ii. Teta, Isaac, on is Kenny, Ocalivo Lina, Anna is Indie, Patom Stiff On is Antle. Oh, I is Sea, YenpomoOkstiva. Claire Marie is France ApatomOkErn SigievnKaterina, Eakana I Raisi is Masqu Watching Ike chants. Dov AlsaPpOctVon Rchner c of New York. Octo We Luji. **** was entisna. Today, you learn how to say where you're from a is asi, Eta, Mdrzia, Angelice is Griz, Agana is di, Isa is NigeriGurju is Tutsi. Jenny is Kanade, Dario is Italy, At as Cuda. That's Cava. 25. No one / Nothing / Everyone / Everything: Pretty bit. In this lesson, we will talk about words like nobody, nothing, everybody, and everything. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, no one ever forgets anything. Or everyone likes traveling everywhere. We will start with the negative pronouns. Let's look at the question words that you already know because they form the base of the negative words you're about to learn. Gita. Where? Ni Da. Nowhere. Ni Da. Kak da. When Nag da. Never. Nag da to. Who? Nik to. No one Nik to Sto. What? Nothing would be slightly different. Mio. Nothing. Mi v. While forming a sentence, all these words will require another negation. N, double negative, which is impossible in English, but absolutely necessary in Russian. Let's see how it works. No one speaks Italian, which in Russian will actually sound like no one does not speak Italian. NkT pealiank Nothing is needed. In. Nowhere are you allowed to smoke? Never say never agav I will ask you a question and show you a picture that will help you answer. You need to answer twice. Once shortly with one word, always with a relevant negative pronoun. And then in a complete sentence, let's start. NkT nictitaarNciv. Yeah, chivo, NkupuKgdaTm Zuanla Nica da. Cada Tibi mis vanilla. Get vivopa Nia. Ginebra. Let's go over all these sentences to make sure everything is clear. Who is talking now? NkT. No one. Nk to sich git. No one is talking now. StotteKup what did you buy? Nivo. Nothing. Yeah, Nivo Ni Cupo. I didn't buy anything. Kata Timna vanilla. When did you call me? Nada. Never. Nada Tibia Nis vanilla. I never called you. V. Where have you been in Europe? Ng Dia. Nowhere. Yeah, Nita Nb vivro. I haven't been anywhere in Europe. Now we'll talk about indefinite pronouns. Words like everything, everyone, et cetera. First, we'll see the question word. Then the negative pronoun we already know, and then it's opposite. They have nothing in common, but it is always better to have a reference when you learn something. Koto. Who? Nickto Nobody. Si. Everybody. To Nickto Sia. She is a more comprehensive word than just a pure everybody. It also means all. If you want to say all the people, you will say Udi. All the houses. Si dama all the cars machine, all the trees Diva. Regardless of the gender of the noun, you can use the word C plus the plural form of your word, or its main meaning everybody, even if you don't specify the object. One more thing about the word Cia Unlike English, the word Sie requires the plural form of the verb. You will see how it works later in the examples. Next word. Stop. What? Nicci vo. Nothing. S. Everything. Stop. Nicivo S. Next word. Geta. Where Ng Dia. Nowhere. Vis Dia. Everywhere. Theta, Ng Da Vida. Next word Kagda when Nag Da Never. Sigda. Always. Cada Nada Sigda. Let's look at the examples now. Gavari Be Italianski. Everyone speaks Italian. Una So Mushna. I need everything. Vida MznaGult. You can walk everywhere. Anna Sigda Rabot. She always works. Si So is Da Sigda Bagava I will ask you a question. First, you need to use the negative word to give a short answer. Then use a prompt, you will see to make a sentence with one of the newly learned words. Let's start. Niko To be silent is a verban Russian. MolchatT be silent Mulchats. MulchatNiv So B plahoaTm Zan. The Bv to forget bwa Niguta No, dear Bu vase. De Pasmorenamul film episode Shia pet. Vdimir wants to have a snack, but Alissa is not feeling okay. Mari. Alsavv. Voti Pucemo Alisa, banana Pina Chesna. Ladner, that rough. A aroma, nib Nib Nib. What bernibla Alsana tom nebula tak Cusna. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Alisa, Stott Hoch. Alisa, what would you like? Nina. I don't want anything now. Uma Jovot valid. My stomach is hurting. Jevot Balit. Your stomach is hurting. Apucimo. But why? Nis Nao, I don't know. Alissa, Yeti Benayo Alyssa, I know you. Yes Tolca AdnaPricina. Puccioti Bergevot Balt. Pricina A reason Pricina yest Tolca AdnaPricina. Puccioibjv Balt. There is only one reason why your stomach would be hurting. Da Chesna. Let's be honest. Lana to Praf. Okay, you're right. Von Ye Mogan. Today, for breakfast, I had ice cream. Um DomnbNb Sira, Nivo niebla. At home, I didn't have bread. I didn't have cheese. I had nothing. Tolcamogene only ice cream. Wotvits beramatjnb. Weber. A choice. Weber. What vitis? BeramaTnb. Here, you see, I didn't have a choice either. Alisa Notkakmlnka Alisa, you're like a little one. Sigda vista Hochstlkaogne. Always and everywhere, you only want to have ice cream. Noi ladna, whatever. Ato minable tak Cusna. But it was so tasty. Let's play out the dialogue. Vod ballad. No Ladna too rough. Afojemadoma Nib banibNv Nib Moine. What is bra Uma, Nibla un tomb attack Kuzna. Alyssa. She fought bullet Opuchimo Alisa banana Precinct Chesna. Alisa Rogan Today, we talked about the words so Visa, Sigda NkToNcvoNda Nica da. Let's check your progress. CascaztParuska. Nobody ever forgets anything. NkToncaDaNc vo Misa Bova, AcasczPeruska. Everyone likes traveling everywhere. Si lubed Putschsot Vista. At ichnavo let's cava packaPca 26. Someone / Something: It. In this lesson, we'll continue talking about indefinite pronouns. This time. Words like someone, something, anyone and anything. The the snow. The words someone, something and somewhere are formed by adding a particle to to the end of the question word. Koto. Who? Kutta. Someone. Sto. What? Stota something. Gada Where dieta. Somewhere Kagta when Also forms the word Kagtata. But as you know, the word sometimes is totally different in Ag Da. So Kagdata does exist, but with a different meaning at some point in the past. Like in the sentence, agata Davno Cha ph. At some point of time in the past, a human being lived in a cave. The collocation Catata Davno at some point, long time ago is most commonly used. Bagavam you will be given a situation. Describe it in Russian. Let's start. In this sentence, we will not actually say the doorbell. We will literally say somebody is ringing the door. Door means D. D and it's feminine. T it Holon. Yamato Cusner tan. There is another particle, buche that we can add to the question word to form words like anyone, anything, and anywhere. Let's go back to the words we just talked about. Tota somebody Stota something, Geta, somewhere, Cactata at some point of time. We just need to substitute two with nib. To but anyone. Nib. Anything nib, anywhere. Iba Dani but is different again. It means at some point in the future. Like in the sentence, Dierman One day, I will be living in Germany. Pagavam Again, translate what you see. Let's start. Tony but hochtKosha. The buil teneb Latam. Sweet, Slatke Sweet. Yatonamt film episodes Dissat Schist. The weather is getting worse. So Alisa and Ladymir decide to plan a trip. Dates Madrid. Damn. The premiere exc excursEt Atchndcheni Ba by kale Sami chiesa ziovma Eto geo delglGGaat tambo Pagadu and I jima Yani Pomo, NogavaratTm chin Casiva So Yelich Let's read the dialogue line by line. Akaaopagoda Pagoda. Weather Pagoda. Kaka NaosPagoda. What bad weather. Uh huh Urana Skushna. Yes, it's terribly boring. Amna Hoch Toni Butinn and I would like something interesting. The premiere excite excursa An excursion or a tour, excursia the premiere excursio MojdF example, a tour of some sort, maybe excusiuETur Eta Atlchnda It's a wonderful idea. Kuta te Hochs where do you want to go to? Kudanibt anywhere. As you see, we can use this particle Nibut after any question word that we have KakaaNibut for adjective of some sort, Kudanibut anywhere with a direction dakutanibut anywhere. Sav Nasa Amide. Actually, it doesn't matter to me. Chin DavnNdnibF a long time, I haven't been anywhere. Mozebtnazra Baikal Osia a lake. Osra MosadnaUzra Baikal, maybe to the Lake Baikal to NavrsnajEt SamhiseOzrav Media. Probably you know it is the cleanest lake in the world. At Geta Delco, it's somewhere far. Mosadblsinke, maybe to Helsinki. Geta Felsenkkgerk, a church erktalsenkga. Somewhere in Helsinki, there is a church in a mountain. Gotta Tambo prolamgadu Andre Ildima. Someone was there last year, Andre or Dima. Yani Pomno I don't remember. No GavaatTamochin Krasva, but they say it's very beautiful there. So Yetmlsenke. Sometimes we use the word to say it's decided. It's done. That's it. So, Yetmfelsenke. That's it. We're going to Helsinki. Eta hits Namahe Another usage of the word eta is approximately. It comes from the phrase, it's somewhere about. So it means approximately. Eta Geta iii is name. It's about 4 hours by car. Let's play out the dialogue. Knit the premier excita Geni B. Objeto de Los So. Conjugod Ecorset At lechndKuda the Hochs. Monza by cal Nanna Eta Sami chiesa Osv Mia. Guttall in Quist Sirk ghariatTamb Paardu And I Jima, aipomo NogavaratTm Ouch, Krasva. Today, we talked about the words Tota Tonita tibia. Let's see your progress. Park. There is somebody there Tak tot yes and something that doesn't sound like a scene from a horror movie. Somewhere in the ocean near Africa, there is a small island Mauritius, but it is not the smallest island in the world, there are smaller ones. For example, the island Tshima somewhere in Japan, and there somebody actually lives and not only one family, but 330 people. In this whole paragraph, there is only one word whose behavior, you do not know how to count the word hlalaVcV easy actually. I hla Pet hilaVc. Now let's try. Dacian ok Afric yest Mali Ostrov MvdkiOstraf mire, Yeshua OstratmTrista trials. 27. Verbs ending in -ова / -ева: In this lesson, we'll talk about a group of verbs that behave a bit differently in the present text. All these verbs have Ova or Jeva before the ending. But when we change them in the present tense, they will lose those letters and continue with Ava. The rest will stay absolutely the same. It is quite a big group of words in the Russian language, and most of them are very common, so it would be impossible to do without them. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, I don't like drawing. So I never draw. I don't like giving advice to my mom because she never listens to me. Let's look at some verbs that have these groups of letters. Ova Yeva To draw a To dance, D sa vt. Let's see how they get conjugated. Since both the verbs are of conjugation type one, the endings will be U, yes. Yet, my ut. But the letters ova and Ye va will disappear and get substituted by letter. And now you see the stem of the verbs. We will start with the verb to draw UU. So on so yet. Anna, reso no resets Anite. The other verb to dance, Dans W will act absolutely the same. A tansuantans yet. Anna, Danse no tansy tan tanti tansuu. We will see some other verbs that act in the same manner now to travel puts vv. Yeah, put your chest votes on Putesvu Anna, PutesPuesPes out. An putties Vout. To travel. Put your chest for what. Let's look at an example. Yeah, hasta put your chest for you. I often travel. To book or to reserve. An to book or to reserve at. I never book hotels. To advise Savi tat, Savi to you. Savi Savit Anna Savi Savi aviavitT advise Savi tat Savi to you, Tibia BolchGult. I advise you to walk more. To kiss. The vat. Yeah, the Luu. Zet Annalee Ani Set to kiss. The a vat. Sin the Luet Mm. The son is kissing his mum. Be careful here. This word, the lots is only used for one person kissing another. If two people are involved in the process simultaneously, the form of the word will be different. We will see it in a couple of lessons. Let's practice Nilublu deal it. I don't like doing. Nada I never do. You will see a part of a sentence describing an activity you don't enjoy doing. Complete the sentence saying that that is why I never do it. Let's start. Yeah, NlubluVle Yeah, Nilo blue, Rivero At. PietamoNda Vuo. Yeah, Nu blue, Savitat. Yeah, Nu blue, Savitat. PetmoNadasavio. ModaaNubtPut your rest for that. Midadaubit put a chest for it. PaletamoONcagda, put a chest for. Maya Padruganubt Tans vat. Mayada. Let's go over all these sentences once again. Blue eta. I don't like booking hotels. That is why I never book them. Nu blu, Sat Peto, Yantai Savi tuyo. I don't like giving advice. That is why I never give advice. MudadePetmo nada. My uncle doesn't like traveling. That is why he never travels. Maya Padrugatmoan sued. My girlfriend doesn't like dancing. That is why she never dances. Pagavi we will have some symbols here. A smiley face will mean that you enjoy this activity avisa. A sad face that you don't mean avisa. A tick means often hasta, a stroke means sometimes in acta. A cross means Neva Magda. I will ask you a question and show you a couple of these symbols. Use them to make sentences. The first sentence will be about whether you enjoy or don't enjoy a certain activity. The second one will be about the frequency of how often you do that activity. Let's start. The LumsRsavt a Mun avisavt, esta suyo. The nogaPut youre tush. Mara putestovt IagdaPut your chest too. The ubistnsavt So Episode. Today, Vladimir is telling Alissa about a great bar he's once visited. Das Madrid Jab Berlin YarapchnTampa Anarpa A sure Tampa dug. An Dave. Yeah, Pomo Myna Sujo. Ag da, bullet at bar. Yeah, Tool music. On Centre. Noviro Stoli. Yeah, Sigda viola live bar. Yeah, Nido blued. Let's go over the dialogue line by line. Catalina Jazz Kluk. When I was in Berlin, I went to jazz club. Etabul Atchni cher. It was a great evening. Da a great Actota Migral and who played there Tamba AdnaGrupa, Ani EgrlleEp. There was one group they played and sang. AshoTambil Madi Ludi and also they were young people there. An Dagetansevale, they even danced. Yoon. I remember you never dance. Net? Nian suyo. No, I don't dance. Akdabet bar. And where was that bar? Ya Musco. I also want to listen to some good music. On sentri, it's in the center. NjnaziVowt tek you know the word stall, a table. When we talk about tables that you need to reserve in a cafe, we use the word stolic. No, Nona Vro stolic, but you have to reserve a table. Yeah, live bar. I always reserve tables when I go to a restaurant or to a bar. Yeah, blud to wait. D. Let's conjugate this interesting word. Dot Anat. The word that follows the word set will be in the accusative case. RDatTo wait. D. Yeah, Nu blue dot. I don't like waiting. Let's play out the dialogue. Sokotamgrl well at a bar. Tools musical. Yeah, see the reser virals, too, like Cada dstara, Elvbr, No Bluto Yabuv Berlin, Ya DraskopEchn wich. Tampa AdnaGrupa An grip, Ashu tambiluj Ani, D Save NanajoOsena Rezivos Stoli. Today, we talked about a special group of verbs that act a bit differently in the present tense. Let's check your progress. Parque. I don't like drawing, so I never draw. At Ni agtasuu Akaxkazt. I don't like giving advice to my mom because she never listens to me. NluGlu savetet Mami, pata Musta and a Niagda mina, Miss Luchet at ichnaa that's Ca Aka Pekka. 28. Instrumental Case: Before we start our lesson today, let's revise all the cases you already know. Nominate. When the word has a function of a subject on a sentence, it answers the questions, who, What Journal. I'm giving you the book because there is no magazine in this room. Ya is the subject. It is in the nominative case. Accusative. When the word has a function of the direct object in a sentence, when the action is done directly to it, this word answers the questions Cavo whom? Or what? In our example, Kigo is the direct object. I'm picking it up and handing it to you. The place of the book is changed directly. Data, when the word has a function of the indirect object of a sentence, it is usually the receiver. This word answers the questions Kamu to whom or hemo, to what? In our example, Ti Ba is the indirect object. The receiver of the book is. Genitive. When we have specific prepositions like four la at next to Ocala or without t or when we indicate the absence of sums, we use the genitive case. In our example, the word journal is in the genitive case because it is absent. There is no magazine in the room. Prepositional case indicates the location of something or someone in a setance. In our example, the word conative is in the prepositional case. In this lesson, we'll talk about the last remaining case, the instrumental case. Is function is pretty straightforward. When we want to say with what or with whom, we will need to use this case. We use the instruments, tools, like I am writing with a pencil pencil being my instrument. I will not even need to use the word here. The instrumental case will do the job. The usages of these cases are plenty. We'll learn many of them today and leave somebody of a worse. We will start with the instrumental case of pronouns. First, as always, we will look at the pronouns in general. The question is, who? A. Now let's see how they change in the instrumental case. The question is with whom becomes becomes tabo becomes an im. Most of the time you will use these forms when you want to say with someone. With means and it has one more form that we use almost exclusively to say with men Let's repeat these forms with me, San with you, Sabo with him, SNM with her. Sn with it. Snem with us. Snam with you when you is plural or respectful, swam with them, Snei an example of how it actually works in the real language. So samosa I am with you. You are with me. We are together. Vista together. Now we will see how nouns change the instrumental case. The questions are chem or Kim, if you want to say with whom and chem to the inanimate objects or chem if you want to say, with what. We'll start with the masculine forms. Druk will take the ending Drugum with a friend Struga masculine nouns with a soft stem like Andre will take a. And with Sandri Let's see how neuronuns change. Vino will take the ending two vinom with wine, um, a word with a soft stem will take item Morrem with the Cmim Now the feminine nouns. Sistra will take the ending Sistro with the sister SistrochO the word with a soft stem, Masha will take an ending. Yea. Me With Masha, Mae. Cacti Pioche coffee. How do you drink coffee? Smch with milk and with sugar. Let's practice. Stem, with what? You will see different ingredients. The first one being the main thing, and the following ones being the things added to the first one. Say what you get if you mix these ingredients. Let's start. Coffee mola coo. Coffee with sugar and with milk. Each Toast, sir. A toast with cheese. Toast syrum Yogurt Kubnka strawberry yogurt or yogurt with strawberry. Yogurt lub Chai lemon Sacher Tea with lemon and sugar. Him ahora. Mas Mat with rice on the side. Marisha Jamar Tea with jam, which is the most common way to serve tea in Russia. Chai swan pref professions or jobs. Musekant a musician, Muse cant. Compazit a composer, compasit Hudsnk an artist, udskPst a writer, pistil. Domica a housewife, Doma Hasaka Pivot. An interpreter or a translator. Bonn engineer. Engineer. Businessman, a businessman, businessman. Let's read them once again. Muse cant Campa sitter HudgnkPstl Damak PvokEngineer, businessman. When we say to work as someone, we tend to say Rabott plus the name of the profession in the instrumental case. You probably remember the actual question to what your job is, Kem Rabota. That is exactly why we ask that question this way, emabota because the word Rabott will be followed by profession in the instrumental case. Let's see how it works. She is a teacher, Anna Uchitel. But if we want to say she works as a teacher, the word teacher will undergo minor changes and we'll take the instrumental case. Anna we can use the feminine word too. Anna uc Nisa. Again, if we want to say she works as a teacher, the word uji Nitza will change. But of course it will take a different ending because it is feminine. Anna abuse. Let's see another example. On Va, he's a doctor. On at, he works as a doctor. Let's practice about. You will see a person in the job, paraphrase the sentence using the word about in the name of the job in the instrumental case. Let's start. An engineer. Anna abbott genera Irina Advocate Anna Rabota Advocate Alexander HudoznikOab Hudsnk Nina Uchitel. Ana Rabota Anton CampaziRaman Pivoic on bottom Hoch stats stats to become Sts hoch stat, whom do you want to become? I will ask you a question that contains the information about someone's major. Tell me that that person is studying that subject because he wants to become and then the name of the job. Also in the instrumental case, of course, because the word stats to become requires the usage of the instrumental case. Let's start. PamuGabriel is uchticHoche Stat genera. Puccimoc is ucetGagrapio. Patamta un Hochetatuc Pomo era is a child Museku. Patamsta Anna Hochetat compasiera Puccimo Lily is a child, modo. Moda, fashion. Moda. Puccimo Lily is a child, Modo. Tata Hochetat episode Sidis Today, Vodimir and Alissa are talking about children and their dreams. Da Madrid. Alisa, to the ranchcolRabuta. Abut Ecova. China aborga it Dugavtaucta Atorum Atta physicaPtamusta I papa, a pity higicheta let's read the dialogue line by line. Alsace Rabotaa. Alisa, you did used to work at the school, didn't you? Alaska several acaba Yes, I worked as a teacher for several years. ICAC, and how was it? Actually, we omit the was it part and how ICAC, and how was it? Tibs ab. Of course, you already know the word avisa, but it's Pstens we haven't mentioned. Let's look at it now. Mavis for masculine, raviis for feminine, Mravis for neuter ravis for plural. It me with children. Tiabot dime. Did you like working with children? You might wonder why we use raves, the neuter form of the word here. Actually, the subject of the sentence is abuttm Working with children. Was working with children pleasing to you? Chesna. Honestly, paranmo It depends. Rabota tim chin in isnagnachin Slojna. Working with children is very interesting but sometimes very difficult. Etaala norgoGeneration, Pakaleniae Nova Pakala no Drugoa. This new generation it's different. Dite drug. The children are different. Nita Bile not like we used to be. Ya Brava. I think you're right. Aditi lube mitat and do children like dreaming? Nukana? Well, of course, Audit. The arch after all, Iki taut. What do they usually dream of becoming? Paranm it also depends. Tota which tattenene somebody dreams of becoming an engineer. Mimatica because he likes math. Koota Uche someone of becoming a teacher, Cotta Actorum, someone of becoming an actor, Acta physicam and someone of becoming a physicist. Pat papa Api Higicheta because their father read to them about Peter Higgs. Let's play out the dialogue. A btsnar Kota Mich died stat engineer, Patamticatta, chit Cotta Actorum ActtaPysicam, Patamustai papa, Abiy higiicta Alisa to the ranch of School Rabota. Cocivbm YotumoTPrav dtubet mich tat. Mbchatt Today we talked about the instrumental case, and we also managed to finish the whole case system in the Russian language. Of course, you still need a lot of practice. Don't worry. No one can just listen to a five minute explanation and master the topic. It will take some time for you to be extremely comfortable with the whole thing. Let's see a progress sparrow. CucaztParusk. I like tea with milk and sugar but with no lemon. Mave Molcoa no Dislimona, Acaare. I'm studying Russian because I want to become an interpreter. Chat voc Aligna Lug, so let's caca taken. 29. Prepositions of Place: In this lesson, we will talk about location of pegs. You already know how to say a tablet. In the city. Reminder, we use the prepositional case with the prepositions, you also know how to say next to the dog. Ocala SabakeRminder, we use the genitive case after Ocala. Today, you will learn many more words like between above in front of, et cetera and we will use the instrumental case. With all these words Adalos Adida. We will look at some clothes items now. Foot a T shirt, football Rush a shirt Rubashka Yubka skirt, YupkaPlatie a dress. Plati Sane trousers, StanyJun jeans JunsenKsume a suit, costume. Sweeter, a sweater, sweeter. A, a Bini SopkaKtka a jacket, Kurtka. Obus footwear. Obus. Bainki boots, BazinkiKasovki, sports shoes, KrasovkiTufl, high heels or any other kind of elegant shoes both for men and women. Tufl ke, slippers, Shlopke. To ask what someone is wearing, we will use this interesting structure, Sona plus the word in the propositional case. We won't even need the word wearing. Literally, the phrase means what is on top of you him, her, et cetera So Name What am I wearing? Stone tibia, What are you wearing? What is he wearing? So, What is she wearing? Or with a name? What is Alexander wearing? Son Alexandria. What is Lena wearing? Stone. Let's practice. N. Describe what the girl you'll see is wearing. She's wearing a sweater, a jacket, jeans, and sports shoes. He's wearing a T shirt, a jacket, pants and sports shoes. Nana. Let's look at the prepositions of place. Period in front of period. Behind Nd above Nd Pod under or below. Pod. Radom near Radom M D, between M D. All these prepositions are followed by a word in the instrumental case. For example, in front of the table, pid Salom in front of the car, pid machine behind the table, alum, behind the car Zach above the table, Nadalm above the car. Nada. Under the table. PudmUnder the car. Pudcha near the table. Adum salum near the car Radama between the table and the car, Maluma. Let's practice. Answer the question you here according to the picture you see. Let's start. Pit the bicycle is in front of the house. D. Giana. She's underwater, Anna. The tree is behind the car. Daim we're flying above the city Spoka She's near the dog. Anna Radom Sabak bionak The child is between dad and mom. Bionic mi do papa Mm. We have two verbs to learn. The first one is to be lying. Let's conjugate it. Verb type two. The other verb to be standing. Sat Staats. The stress here is very important, so we don't confuse it with the verb story it to cost. Staats to be standing. Let's conjugate it. The verb type two, Sau the why do we need these two words? Because we use them when we talk about the location of things. If something we're talking about is flat, we say it is lying. But if the object is vertical, we will say it is standing. It is quite logical. For example, the carpet is on the floor. Carpet is quite soft and flat, so the carpet is lying on the floor, pal. But a lamp is a solid vertical object, the lamp is standing on the floor. LamptNp. Some objects can be doing both actions depending on the position. If you put the book on its cover, you will say the book is lying on the table, Katstala. But if you put it vertically on its side, you will say the book is standing on the table. Kiet Nostalia. Let's practice everything we have covered today. On the right, you have a little cheat sheet. We use the prepositional case after and N, and we use the instrumental case after Nadam, you will see clothes items. Say where they are. Don't forget the difference between ga. Let's start. Eteter sweeter. Seiv Eta gins gins. Jens at Pasalo. Eta BinkGta Binke. BinkeaatPerd, tele vizaramEta plate. Gota, plata. Plata adam still vizarumEFootball ca. Football EepkaG Shapka. Shaka Divan Koki Kvkvaal film episode Alisa has lost something and adimir is helping her look for it. Alisa Givan, Smatri Smatrianvo Smatria. SmatriTjan a hrslumyvont Epavt if spind in a cogit Sn on B. Holge let's read the dialogue line by line. Alisa. What has happened, Alisa? Ni telephone. I cannot find my phone. Ni to find NiNi telephone. I cannot find my phone. Gon, where is it? GJon Where is it? At the divan Sari, have you looked under the sofa? Smatria I have divot, it's not under the sofa. Avcafu Smatrila. Have you looked in the wardrobe? Smatri I have caf Toggt, it's not in the wardrobe either. Zacrislm Yvonne, and it's not behind the armchair, pat avr, and it's not under the carpet. I Spine and it's not in the bedroom, aunt and it's not in the kitchen. Slices. Do you hear? Do telephone want. Your phone is ringing. Tibia van. It's me calling you. Boga Mimo, Oh my God, it cannot be Sn Don B. Do you know where it was?Ha A fridge Hadi in the fridge. Let's play out the dialogue. It's not real, but an maria, Sujan, is a Chrismvont cave spin cogitnHjen Alisa. At Divanum smatri. Ok Smatri. Sushi forms Vantatbvanu Today, we talked about many different previsations. Now, you can describe the location of anything in your house in the street or in a city. Let's use some of the new words. Cox Kazetark. I'm next to you. AbaxKazet my favourite shop is between the business center and the restaurant. Mobi magazine, M D Business Center estarana While talking about the city, the immobile objects, we can use the verb Mija Diz to be located. For things, we will only use two forms, the singular Nahoda and the plural Nahua. How can we paraphrase the earliest sentence and say, my favorite shop is located between the business center and the restaurant? Mou Bi MagasinNhu Mu Business Centrum estarana. We can also use it for geographical objects. Vladikostok is located in Russia. Vladivostok, Atchna see what Nso ascoca 30. Reflexive Verbs - Introduction: In this lesson, we will discuss another group of verbs, the called reflexive verbs. You already know two of them, Nat. Remember how we say I like jazz. Maza jazz or Mount Everest is located between Nepal and Tibet. Are two examples of this huge group that is called reflexive verbs. It is very simple to identify them. They always have sa at the end. Nvidia. The idea behind the reflexive verbs is the idea of self, the action being done to one's self. This bit SA comes from the word Siba meaning self. Take this word Nasa, for example, Nadi means to find Naadsa means to find itself or to be located. If you're interested in etymology, you might find the etymology of the word Navisa quite fascinating because it goes far into the history of the Russian and actually all the Slavic languages. The word Nav meant a will. From there, it went in two different directions to the word Norov which added the connotation of obstinacy, stubbornness, and is still used in Russian. The other development was toward the desire meaning. Navit is an old Russian word that is already out of usage that meant to desire to want. Navisa came from there, but unlike its extinct ancestor, its state. NavisaT want for yourself. Hence to. Sorry about that depression. I hope it was interesting for those who wanted to get to the very depth of the Russian language. Back to our thing now. So the first idea behind the reflexive verbs is performing the act to oneself. Example can be to wash something it and to wash oneself, it sa. The second idea of other reflexive verbs is reciprocation. When two people do the same action at the same time to each other, to kiss someone, ya vt, to kiss when two people are actively involved in this process, lavada. Same with the verb to hug, to hug someone of Nimitz, to hug when two people are hugging each other Animasa. One more important word you might have heard if you're currently in Russia and the one that was skipped at the beginning of the course, I just felt like it would be better for you to understand how such a long word came to existence before you felt forced to earn it. To introduce someone to someone else, PasnaKsT get introduced PasnaKtsa. When we meet someone for the first time and we get introduced, we say PriatnaPasna KotsaPleased to meet you or watching PriatnaPosna Kot Sa. Very pleased to meet you, which in turn can be reduced to watching Priatna that we have actually learned. One more idea of some other reflexive verbs is making sure to show that they are intransitive, which means that under no circumstances would they take an object. This group of words is enormous and all of them are pretty common to smile bats to laugh, Sma to hope, Nadia to be proud Garza to make a mistake a Shibaza. These ones do not exist without this a bit. So there are lots and lots of verbs that belong to this huge group. Theta a chat. We will start looking at reflexive verbs with one of the most commonly used words in the Russian language, ZanimzaT engage yourself with something Zanimza Zanimz means to keep busy or to occupy. Let's conjugate it first. Animan anima all the reflexive verbs finish with a anima, to keep yourself busy or to be occupied with something. When a reflexive verb gets conjugated, the initial part of the verb stays unchanged, and the ending a takes two forms. It will stay a if it follows a consonant, and it will become if it follows a vowel. Let's see how it works. Ya Zanimaus T Zanmanmnanm Ano Zanma Zanmi anime An ZanmauT word Zanimaza whose translation is a bit complicated, just because it is so comprehensive in Russian, it is used to express multiple concepts. One more thing. It is also followed by a word in the instrumental case. Animaz Sportam to do sport. Nmaza Sportam. There is no other way to express it. So you'll have to remember this. Zanmaza zeke to do music. Not as a one time thing. So it is not used when we play song or to, rather when one devotes hours to this activity or years if we talk about serious hobbies or occupations animaz musica. Zanimaza is Panskem se com to study Spanish. But again, when you want to say that you either spend hours on studying Spanish or years, it's a long time thing. Zanimaza is Panskem a C. Masa businessum to do business. That is the only way to say it. No extra meaning, imatza businessum nmazaT do medicine as a lifelong career. The imazad masa Bite to do politics. Again, as a long term activity, the imaza Bite Let's practice hemizanmauza. What a hobby? So here we have English, web design, music, sports, Instagram, and Spanish. I will ask you a question, answer it, check and continue Olga geando vtornk I do Olga Zenimz gliske use com Aserge web design em him Zenimaz Olga Ierge Chew Penzu. Chew I PetNet Olga them use Aserge Sportam Chem Nimaza Olga is serge Suboto Vascricena Subotocrcen, Olga, the nemes instagram Asergepanskem secum Achim Nimaza Olga IergePandli. Oh. Panini Olga Serge Niemi Zanmi Ani at the hut. Let's go over these sentences once again. Hem ZanmazaOlga is Serge, WTornk I do. Most of the time we're going to translate the word Zanimaza as to do. But keep in mind that the meaning of it is actually much more comprehensive than that. So what do Olga and Serge do on Tuesday and Wednesday? Wa tornkerio Olga ZenimzanGlske use com a Serge, web design them. On Tuesday and on Wednesday, Olga studies the English language, and Serge does web design. Thanks to the instrumental case that we already have in the word web design, we can omit the verb, but the meaning will stay unchanged because it's clear that we omitted the word Zenimatsa. That was supposed to be followed by the instrumental case. So the noun keeps its form, but the verb disappears. Chem ZanmzOlgerge, twerk I Patnu what do Olga and Sergei do on Thursday and on Friday? Twerk Padno Olga Zanergeport. On Thursday and on Friday, Olga does music, and Sergei does sport. Hem Zanmazlgerge, SubotoKrisen. What do Olga and Serge do on Saturday and on Sunday. But SubotoKrien Olga Nimetza Instagramm A Serge pans sec on Saturday and on Sunday, Olga gets herself busy with Instagram, and Serge studies Spanish. A chem anima, Olga is Serge, Pendl. And what do Olga and Serge do on Monday? Olga serge niches mezz. On Monday, Olga and Serge do nothing. So we have this question word him. Which means what do they do? When we use the words animaz in a sentence, when we want to make a negative pronoun, we use the rule that we already know and we say Nichem nothing. They do nothing. Nichem animoz. Ani at the haut, they rest. Let's learn more reflexive verbs. NacazaT start Nacaza. This word is different from the word naciaz that you already know. We say Naci at when we specify the object, which we are starting. We don't have to actually say it, but we definitely need to imply it. Like I start my day with a coffee, Yana chinao Modin scoff. But if we want the focus to be on the day rather than me starting my day, so we want to say my day starts with a coffee, we will use the new verb Nacinaza ModenNaz scope. These two sentences are pretty similar. It's just that we shift the emphasis from one subject, me starting my day to the other my day starting. We mostly use two forms only. It starts on Nacinaez Anna Naina, no Nacinaeza and they start Ani Nacinuza the story with this word is the same. The cancivazaT finish cancivaza I finishes on the cancivaezza Anna acncivaeza no cancivaeza. And they finish Ani kancivauzza. At crevataT open at crevatsa The same story here. We can say, I open the cupboard. Since there is an object, we will use the word at crevas, at crevau Schaf. But if we talk about things opening themselves like the shop opens at 9:00, we will use the reflexive verb at Krivat magazine at Krivza Vd Chisov. The conjugation is like this. It opens on at Creveza Anna at crevaeza Anno at rivaleza they open Ani at crevallezaO the opposite of this word, the crevazaT close the crevaza It closes on the Creveza Anna the Criveza no the Creveza they close Ani the crevauza it's not like the other forms of these words do not exist. It's just that it's quite hard to think of context when you will need to say I close without an object. Well, just because people normally do not open, close, start, or finish themselves. Those forms do exist, but I find them unnecessary at this point. Another word, UmuvazaT wash your face. Um vasa, a very specific word. Ya name Amanda. A divasa to get dressed. A divasaiv Anna Adivaivdivt Ani AdivaUulbaza, to smile. Lebaza a lebulbulbzlb s libs leba Let's practice. AscolcatGrivz, Eta cafe. Ano At KrivzDdThsov. Avascolka Ano Zagrevza Ano Zarivz David Chisov VasklkaetKrivza, etat Magazine. On at Crevezavhsv VaslkaO CrevezaOriz tries VaskNet film. On Nacina VasckaO a CanciwezaO ZaancvezTri Chiesa VasclkaNacinz, Eta Igra Anna Necrihsa Vascka Anna Zacancvezza Anna Zakanchva rest Chisov let's go over all these sentences one by one. Vasclkaetriveza, Eta Cafe. At what time does this cafe open? Anno At krivaza Did Chisov. It opens at 10:00. A Vaskolka Ano Zkrivaza and at what time does it close? Ano krivaa d Chisov. It closes at 9:00. VaslkaetKriveza, etat Magazine. At what time does this shop open? On Atkrevza Vom Chisov it opens at 8:00. A vasclka on the Creveza. And at what time does it close? On the Kriz rica, it closes at 4:00. VaslkaN etat film. At what time does this film start? On Nacinaz Chas, it starts at one A vascolka on acancivazza, and at what time does it finish? On ZacancivzTricsa, it finishes at 3:00. Volkan Eta Igra at what time does this game start? Anna Naina tiri chia. It starts at 4:00. Ascolka Anna Zacancva. And at what time does it finish? Anna Zacancvza he Chisov. It finishes at 6:00. Daze Pasmotrimnmt film episode Sim Diset. Today, Alisa is telling Vladimir about her weekends. Alisa, jump to the Nmvgam Yeah, the male. Yeah, the importa Yogi, Abuchna. Duomo Youog is a Nimish, sir. Detachmengov she was mas? Daporal is a NmavGroup gina Hojo PorzunHjOka dooma is at ichiza W on OchinRzTafbuz, Viva chino Dasani No Alisa Mina. Ato Ettovanaads. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Alissa CimZanm Alisa, what do you do at weekends? Yeah, anime. I do music. Gain as Ildva, I play the piano for 1 hour or for two. Yeah, Ziportam I do sports. Yog AbuchnaUsually, yoga. Yoga has to be in the instrumental case because we imply that she does yoga. The Doma Yoga mas. Do you do yoga at home? The tacmnogaphy was nice. Do you know that much of everything? Yama goma Nima. No, Yabpor the NemasGroup I can do at home, but I like going to the gym more and to work in a group. Adaporz and where is your gym located? Moise TitiperniHd. You don't go to mine anymore. Ochoa dooma yest at ichnsal. There is a wonderful gem near my home. Me on chin aveza. I like it very much. Tamabz irchin v. Polite. Liv. Tabuza veia chin. There everybody smiles. Everyone is very polite. Uche Nina cast has. Lessons start every hour. Sudo and one more thing. Trine Kasavch Trine, the coach, the trainer. Treene Dren raafk. The trainer is a handsome guy. No Alisa Di caskta. Well, Alisa, you are as always. Taka Smishnaya SmisnuchFunny. Smishnuch masculine, Smishnaya feminine, Smishnee neuter. SminePlural, Takaya Smishnaya so funny. Ashto. But why? So what? Et Tj wasna. This is important, too. Ka Danvomtru watching her shows and mas. When I look at him, I do my exercises very well. Ada Zanmi ad. You already know the word ada ado, ad glad. Now, this is the verb, Rada vasa, to be glad to get glad, to get happy. This is not only a reflexive verb that has the ending a, but it also has Ova in the middle, which will get lost and substituted by letter while conjugated. Let's conjugate it and see how it changes. AdaduOade Ana ade adema duena usa. Akagdaadus. And when I do my exercise as well, I get happy. Let's play out the dialogue. Yeah, the marana as the Nima sportem Yogi Abchna. Doma Sporzal is NmazeGrupe Oka Doma is at chenal on OchinzTamsbzz, Vachinar de Casa n asap. Astor Eto vagnav matri chi Hao madam yards. Esa, jump to the Nima for hot me. The Domo is a new Mish, sir. Do Tokmanogov she was nice. Jenna Hodges toy pozo MistypHger. No Alsana. Today, we talked about reflexive verbs, a very big group of verbs in the Russian language. Now that you know how these words behave, you can use many other new verbs. We didn't spend much time on the words like Ashba sa, to make a mistake. SmiaaT laugh, et cetera. Let's do it now. Ashba to make a mistake. Yeah, Ababa Ana Abzaba Achebs i Ashbza. Now another word, Smaza to laugh. As is Mosa Anna Smoza uns Miosa smuts, ni Smuza. One more word. GadsaT be proud. There is a bit of a twist in its conjugation. Agar gadsaGadza Anna Garda Me Gads gadtis Ani garda sa. And one more Nadia to hope. Nada Nadia Nadi Ami Nadia. Let's check your progress now. Casca Park, you smile a lot. I think you're a happy person. The monogabar we're all people. We all make mistakes. DupraasKazetes, I hope your friends are proud of you. That's a bit tricky. We said that last group of verbs did not take an object, but it still can have a projection. A person it is talking about. Like in the example, I hope your friends are proud of you. The word proud will be followed by of you in the instrumental case to express of your part. A quich let's caca. 31. Life: Y. Nachsn. Today, we have a very interesting lesson. Today we will talk about life. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to discuss your own life, where you were born, where you have lived, where you studied, what your hobbies have been, et cetera. Also you will learn how to talk about other people's lives, even those who are no more. Life son. Let's look at the timeline of one person's life. Ads to be born ads to love UchizaT study Uchtsa. AnimazT have a hobby, Zanmaz Uchiza at a higher school chits Rabota to work Rabota after you retire, you get a new hobby, Zanimaza. When we talk about one's life, we usually use most of these words in the past tense. Let's look at the past masculine forms of these verbs. RadzaT be born. Radla was born to live il lived chia to study, chili studied Rabota to work, Rabotal worked ZanimazT have a hobby, to do something, to get busy, to be occupied with something. Zanimaa Did Maya read the whole text and answer the questions that you will see. After that, we will go over all the text and the questions again together this time. Let's start. Now, answer the questions that you see. Sydnee Melbourne Brisbane. SidnKctaONatal, ZanmazaPhilosopi eta mobila dv DVDletmbula DNasltmbula DivitttaYmba, DivietmRabuta yet, web designerum spartsmnum Uchitm a historia Austral sport rate unit Sport. Let's read the text together, sentence by sentence. Dildne I was born in Sydney. A Yabsv Skol. The structure but Minim literally means to be little. We will talk about it and understand how it is formed in the following courses. But for now, let's remember that Bt malenem is used for men. A Jablinem when I was little or when I was a child. For ladies, you will use the feminine form. But Malka jab when I was little or when I was a child for girls. Chitsa means to learn or study. We used the word Izuchatz at the beginning of the course and we use it when we talk about a subject like Izuchaz to study medicine, Izuchatzkik to study Russian. We use the word chitsa when we talk about the institution or about gaining a skill. Before we talk about the examples, let's conjugate it. Chucha it chitchat. The past forms will be ucs a masculine form, ucs feminine form, ucis a uterfm and uc Lis plural form. For example, I study at the university, but my sister studies at school. Us universit Ametrachia ScoleO an example about gaining a skill. I am learning to play chess. Grate. Let's go back to our text. Kaka Yabuchil Schole. When I was little, I studied at school. So Sydney Melbourne Brisbane Sis means all the life, all my life, all your life, all his life, all their life. The expression Sujisn is standard and doesn't need specification. All my life, I have lived in Australia, in Sydney, in Melbourne, and in Brisbane. Mat bum nogaHb. I have always had many hobbies. Yeah, the Nemasa SportamFootb, tennis. I did sports. I played football and tennis. The Nima web design, I did web design, Yadaja NemasPhilosophe, at abla Malenm. Dag, in case you forgot, means even, I even took up philosophy when I was still a little boy. Ya CitalPlatone, Aristotle sacrat. I read about Plato, about Aristotle and about Socrates. A chile Universite Sydney, I studied at the university in Sydney. Dam UchalKanPhilosophia. There I studied philosophy, of course. PoslUniversite, asuche After the university, I became a teacher. Ia RabotceOcin avisa. And now I work at school and I like it a lot. Free time. In my free time, I do sports and a bit of music. Guitar. I'm learning to play the guitar. Now we will look at the questions and see why those were the correct answers. Rads, where was he born? We have the answer right here. Didn Patm Pratt. The correct answer Adndntalzn Philosophie When did he start engaging himself with philosophy? Advit, what's this? Me philosophe Mb David Let When he was 9-years-old since 29 and 19 wouldn't qualify as being a little boy. Sled Devs. Next question. Kim on Rabota yet. What is his occupation? Advit, what's this? As abut Schemas Panap the last question. Mmm. What does he like keeping himself busy with? My Video votes this. Sport. It would be just great if you tried retelling this text now. If you have time, just do it. Trust me, it will be very helpful. Let's look at the feminine forms in the past. Radza to be born. Ads was born. To live. Gila lived Uchiza to study, ucla studied Rabota to work, Rabota worked Zanmaz to be occupied with, to do something. Zanimal did something. Look through the text to get the gist. Now, fill in the blanks with the words in the box. Let's go sentence by sentence. I was born in Switzerland. I. All my life, I have lived in Switzerland. Radio. I was born in Bern, and then we lived in Zurich and in Geneva. Pamomo Geneva, same Crave Gord. In my opinion, Geneva is the most beautiful city. Bagdaa B Malina Uchilsce in Bern, when I was little, I studied at school. Tag ta, males, MusqueE anglsce sec. At that time, I was busy with music and the English language. A Geneva nmalsFrans Blogie and in Geneva, I studied the French language and biology. A Sigda chin navs biologia. I always liked biology very much. PetmoGeveNach Zanimz That is why when I lived in Geneva, I started studying medicine. EuchaHt stat achom and at the university, I studied medicine because I wanted to become a doctor very much. Now, I work at a hospital. Elon, it is a difficult job, but I like it. Nechan sportm In my free time, I started doing sport. Etkusna. But in my opinion, it is very boring. Aka a tet Nachat I want to take up music again. Let's look at the plural forms in the past. RadzaT be born. Ads were born it to live, lived cisa to study, Ucilis studied RabottT work, Rabota worked ZanimazaT do something. Zanimals did something. Nasa is our life. Use the words from the box to complete the sentences. We will go sentence by sentence. Let's start. Germani we were born in Germany. Berlin. All our lives, we have lived in Berlin. Me. We studied at the university and we did music. Mitzica. We always liked music. Above, we worked at a bar Tara guitar Ip. There we played the guitar and sang, as Aichi. We had a great life. This is the timeline that you must be very comfortable with now. But if you talk about someone who is no more, you will notice that one word is missing. Died. The masculine form is Umer. The feminine form is mer. The plural form is merit Steve Jobs, Daewar YvoJzn. This time, I won't give you any prompts. Read the sentence, complete it using everything you have learned today, and check. Let's start. Stef Jobs Radza California. Step Jobs, Jill Vaneka. Steve Jobs Uhilsa College, Portlandia. Steve Jobs Zanni MalzaElectronica Steve Jobs abutel Decorum Apple. Steve Jobs Umer Pdsast. Let's go over all the sentences again. Steve Jobs Radlsa California. Steve Jobs was born in California. Steve Jobs Jill america. Steve Jobs lived in America. Steve Jobs Uchils Schlege Portland. Steve Jobs studied at a college in Portland. Steve Jobs ZenimasaElectronica. Steve Jobs was interested in electronics. Steve Jobs abutal Directora Apple. Steve Jobs worked as a director of Apple. Steve Jobs, Umer pidsat Chest Lat. Steve Jobs died at the age of 56. Theta more Namal film episode Cindat Aden. Today, Alis and La Dimer are talking about one of the most famous authors in Russia, a person who has been called a Russian doctor Susan Jota Kigo after Eta Karnhukoski voz Nation Bio graphaNkKarjuk, on RadiodO some the Nimals gliski music Poma bottle Vonda Psalknioznk D Kige Mark duena Kipling Narkvd Abid. Cada Beetabbn You Etch. I tomaakNpon Dope doctor Ibid piv Hao Span. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Stotts this deals, Alisa. What are you doing here, Alisa? It's nice Yao Copino. I want to buy a book SaPadrge for the Son of my friend. Oni was after Dena gene. It's his birthday tomorrow. Jia Etaknga, whose book is it? Koto after. Who is its author. Eta Kari Cukovski. It's KarnTukovski. Vovssn. Everybody knows him. Ion agraphia, and he has a very interesting biography. Nasty, Nikolai KarnhukRal Nastayahi. Vast Nikolai Kornichuk. His real name is Nikola KornichukO RadlskraGadu. He was born in Ukraine in 18 82. One B. He had a complicated situation in his family. On some Zanimasa and ischemec some himself. We can change the word according to the genders. So masculine, some feminine herself or myself. If you're a woman, Sam itself Sami ourselves themselves, yourselves for plural on some Zenimalsa gliskm he studied English on his own. Pat rabelVondon, then he lived and worked in London. IslKni and he wrote books, Razne Knige different kinds of books. DajKni Markwnaqipl Narski on PervadlPv actually, you already know the job. Pivot, a translator or an interpreter. PervadT translate. Let's conjugate it. P on pvnaPvd my pv. To translate Pi DaKnige MarkwnaeKipln Naroki on Pivadl. He even translated the books of Mark Twain and Kipling to the Russian language. AstoEtaZakniga. What kind book is this? A Balt. Well, actually, it's proper name, so we don't have to translate it, but it's a very funny word. It comes from the phrase I Balitoch, it hurts. We can call this doctor doctor ouch, it hurts. Iba lit. Doctor, Ouch it hurts. Ab EtuEna. When I was little, it was my favorite book. No Euknig. I don't remember this book. A chum Anna, what is it about? Kak Nipums. How can you not remember? C sn. Everybody knows it. Doctor Ib. That's the beginning of that book. Kind Doctor Ouch. It hurts. He is sitting under a tree. Panama. I get it. Let's play out the dialogue. Oh, nice. JacopKuPadr nine Ita Kari Chukovskibo graph, ostia Niko knicukadvKrn. This sitio OvambO some the nimals gliskPabtvnden, Psalkaznn Maduena KiplingaNarsk Pervadil. A B it Tada Blame Eta Blau Bimcnga. CknipTpri doctor Ibid Ji Dak Niger. To after. Stan. You nipple took nigo I chemo. So now. Today, we talked about the course of life. One thing we didn't cover is how to tell the dates because actually it is the topic of another lesson in the next course. But if you think it is important for you, I would like to just touch upon it briefly. So when you want to say when someone was born, let's take 1991 as an example, we need to take the following steps. Step one, names the year. But unlike English, in Russian, we will say the whole number without shortcuts. Not 1991, but 1990. This did Step two, change the number to the ordinari 90 91st, literally 1991st. Di Step three, add and change the case to the word. Remember how we say last year, PlamGaduO this year, tam Gad is the ending you will use. In 1991, or literally in 1991st, per step four, add the word year in the copositional case. In the year 1991 will be tier Gad. Look at the facts and tell me about the life of this person. GdaRadlsa Albert and Stein. On adlsTsic ism ST Sid Mum Gad. G RadlsaORadls, Germane Didion j Angel Germane Szasz ima apto physic theoretic Cadumermumer, on umerPrinceton, New Jersey, S MsivVa 32. Идти vs. Ходить: As to go. As you already know, the verb to go can be translated to Russian differently. The first thing we need to consider is whether we're walking somewhere or going there by vehicle. In this lesson, we're going to focus on two words that we use when we talk about going somewhere on foot. At this point, you will need to think of other criteria that we will discuss in this lesson. The rules that we will talk about today will hopefully shed light on the verbs of movement or verbs of motion topic. Is a chat. To go. We will start with the word. Let's conjugate it. Id. The past forms are almost the only exceptions in the Russian language. The masculine form shoul he was going or I was going if you're a man, or you were going, if the person you're talking to is a man. Shaul the feminine form Schla She was going. I was going. If you're a woman, you were going, if the person you're talking to is a woman. Sch the neuter form, Schlo. I was going. Schlo The plural form. Schli we were going, you were going in plural or they were going. Schl. When do we use the word IT and all its forms? Firstly, we use it to express a single direction. When there is a destination in mind, when you or the other person are going to a place, for example, udajos where are you going to? I'm going to work. Workplace is his destination, so we have to use the verb IT. Same thing in the past. A. Where were you going yesterday? We were going to the cinema. Even if we don't have a precise destination in mind, but there are two actions that happen simultaneously. We will use the verb It. On idiot slushed usko he is walking and listening to music or in the past, Anoka they were walking and talking. We also use the verb It and only It with some fixed expressions in the Russian language. Film idiot, the movie is on. Literally, we say the movie is going film idiot. Dost idiot. It is raining or literally the rain is going. Dot idiot. Idiot. Life goes on. Life passes, idiot. We can use all these expressions in the past too. The film was on film school. It was raining. Dost school. Life was going on. Jz Schla let's talk about the other word. That also means to god. We will start by conjugating it. Hodes hod, Anna, hod. In the past, it follows the rules. Nail Anna ad, no Had Anadil we choose the verb Hadit over the verb T on several occasions. Firstly, we use it when we talk about frequent or repeated actions. Where do you go every day? I go to work. Yes, again, we do have a destination. But if we talk about frequent or repeated actions, this rule overrides the previous one or another one. Where do you sometimes go? Mata, we sometimes go to a theater. Secondly, we use it when we imply that the person has gone somewhere and came back. In English, we can translate it with the have been structure. Also in Russian, we can substitute it with the word Bits. Let's see how it works. Era ad. Yesterday, I went to the beach. You might want to say that there is a destination and you will be absolutely right. But we're not interested in the process of her going there. She's not adding anything important to the story like saying, I was going to the beach and I saw the beautiful bird on a tree. No, she actually means that she went to the beach, spend some time there, and came back. Having visited the beach is more important than her action of going there. She could also say, chia Yabulnlej and the meaning of a sentence wouldn't change a bit and that is the clue. If you can substitute the word go with the word B that tells you the right word here will be Jagt. Another example. Yesterday we went to the cinema. Can you say yesterday we were at the cinema? Is that your actual message? It is. You went to the theater, you spent some time there, you came back. Had is the right word here. Another important occasion on which you use the word Hadit is if there is no defined direction. You're walking around a city with no specific goal in mind. If you go shopping and don't have a specific shop in mind, then you will use Hadit again. There is also a trick here. If you use dit and you want to specify the location around which you were wondering, you will use the word paw and the name of the location in the date of case. Let's see how it works. Era Yesterday, we walked around the city, around the city. My ubumco we love walking around the park. Let's practice. I will tell you what someone did yesterday and then ask you a question about what they're doing right now and what they often do. Keep in mind that if we see a person going somewhere, they clearly have a destination in mind. That means we use one verb. But if we talk about repeated actions, we use another verb. Let's start. A Mouse. Lisa last deal. Lisa. It Add kino Stoa Ibec chest Dillard. A. Let's go over all the sentences again. Vchaad Muse. Yesterday Larissa went to the museum or yesterday Larissa was at the museum. Lisa Cias D. What is Larissa doing now? Cichas Lissa idiot of Muse. Now, Larissa is going to the museum. Sto Lisa Chasta dit. What does Larissa often do? Lisa hasta Hoge Mouse, Larissa often goes to a museum. Cheralvk Yesterday, Alia and Beck went to the cinema or yesterday, Alia and Beck were at the cinema. So Alacha deal. What are Alia and Beck doing now? And now they're going to the cinema. Slab hasta deal. What do Alia and Beck often do? Any hasta Hodako they often go to the cinema. Let's practice some more. Ira yesterday. Div hiraJadil. Where did you go yesterday? Asking this question, we actually want to know where you were yesterday. Keep that in mind. Tomorrow, KdZafrad Where are you going tomorrow? What will your destination be? Keep that in mind. You will see a picture of a place and the gender of the person on whose behalf you should answer. Let's start. It udachi. Chia Kuta T Zara josh Zara, do stan. SportsaldTv chia Hadla. A sports. Daara Josh. Zara sports. Rail again at Magazine. Let's go over the sentences once again. Via where did you go yesterday? Staran. Yesterday, I went to a restaurant or yesterday I were at a restaurant. Zara tomorrow I'm going to a restaurant. Yad Sportsal Yesterday I were at the gym. Zara ad Sportsal. Tomorrow, I'm going to the gym Verv Magazine. Yesterday, we were at a shop. Zara Magazine. Tomorrow, we are going to a shop. Film episode. Yes. Today, Als and La Dimre are talking about movies. They can't decide whether to go to the cinema or not. When something happens, matrilineage Oh, Stuart. It's a sir. Akin Theatre, what is the magazine. Achndomil Anum show popcorn, a Co pitch. Let's read the dialogue line by line. K Alisa. Where are we going, Alisa? Mm. We're going to the cinema. Tam AtlchnFlmjt. There is a great movie there. KakoiFlm. Which movie? NamaboaneFlm. You and me, we like very different movies. Sichas watching Harsha Cadia Idiot. Now, a very good comedy is on. Dast let's watch. Nihon HochesaT feel like doing something HochesaNiHchev. I don't feel like going to the cinema. Oh, Stoa what is it? Kajsa Dost Ninas. It seems like it's starting to rain. Hurrah Hurray idiota yes yes, idiot, Dt, amusnaiT. If it rains, we really need to go somewhere. I Bistra and fast. Akin theater. What's this? Zaagazina the cinema is right here behind the shop. Ladna Nika Davkin nonhazu. I never go to the cinema. Sivona adding Moshna Adina one time, Adinas. Siva AddinR Moshna. Today, one time, I can. At lichnaGreat. Da. Come on. Idiom, let's go. Film ge pact Ncin The movie is almost starting. Anum popcorn, Nada Cupit. Remember, the word Nada is absolutely the same with the word Njna. AnamPopcorn, Nada Cupit and we still need to buy popcorn. Let's play out the dialogue. A techni film idiot. Chat idiota. What's this? The magazine. At Lechna Tav Idiom film pachtinahnt nam Yeso popcorn, Nada Copit. Alisa Aki film Nam stab absaGenozn films Stotvogasmna. In this lesson, we talked about the verbs of movement or the verbs of motion. Now you know how to choose between two similar verbs. Last month when we were in Berlin, we walked around the city a lot. Pro Meda Bili Piragd we chose the word at because we walked around with no specific destination in mind. Ace when we were going to the opera, we almost didn't talk. Dalgavaiv. We chose the word, the password, Sl because we were walking to the opera house. Opera house being the direction, the destination of our journey. AaaPark, I like being outside when a trails dot. We chose the word because it is the only word possible when we talk about rain. The last one, Cars casts Perusqe. We often go to the cinema when there are good movies there. Film. We chose the word had in chaaHdenvkin part because we do it often with a certain frequency. It is a repeated action. We chose the word IT into part because just like with rain, that is the only possible choice when we talk about movies. At lichna 33. Verbs of Movement: In this lesson, we're going to dive deep into the topic of herbs of movement or herbs of motion, if it sounds more explanatory to you. These are the words like go, run, walk, swim, fly, sail, and many others. I'm pretty sure you're quite good with the words it at this point. You can simply apply all that knowledge to these new words. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to say things like birds fly in the sky and in winter, birds fly from England to Morocco. Then verbs of movement, the ones that we use when there is a single direction and simultaneous action. To go. It. Let's conjugate it. Yeah, Id. It. The man in the picture is going to a village. Quick reminder, to name a direction, we use that word in the accusative case, which means only feminine nouns will change their form and the choice of the preposition or n will still be bound to the rules that we learned at the beginning of the course. He is going to the village. On idiot vn. Another verb. BijatT run Bijan Begot the man in the picture is running straight ahead. On Prima. Next word, Yeh to go by a vehicle Yedid Anand dam. He is driving home. Tit to fly Little Anna titi M Litm Berlin. We are flying to Berlin. Plt to swim to boat, to sail. Vehicles may change. The word will be the same. Plot. He's boating to an island or in a more common way, he's traveling to an island by boat. When you go somewhere by vehicle, three things are important. How do you go or by which vehicle? The question is Nachum, on what? From where you are departing at Kuda and where Kuda I know what you see now looks like a lot, but first of all, we will break it down to pieces and second of all, if you really think about it, you already know it all. Let's see how it actually works. We will start with masculine forms, Nachum, how you're going, your choice of vehicle. We will use the preposition Na, like we always do when it comes to vehicles, and we will use the name of the vehicle in the prepositional case. Let's refresh our knowledge. How do masculine words change in the prepositional case? They take an A at the end, for example, no dear, by train pos dear. At KudaF where we will use the preposition is from, and the name of the place of your departure will be in the genitive case. How do masculine words change in the genitive case? They take an at the end. Sant Peterburg Sanct PeterburgF St. Petersburg is SanctPeterburga. Koda where too will use the preposition or Na plus the name of your destination in the accusative case. How do masculine words change in the accusative case? They don't. Kiev, to Kiev, Kiev. Let's see an example of how it all works together in real life. We are going by train from St. Petersburg to Kiev. St. Petersburg, Kiev. Let's do the whole cycle again. Nachum, how do feminine words change in the prepositional case? They drop an R and take an A at the end instead. For example, Mana by car, Nama at kudaF where? How do feminine words change in the generative case? They drop the ending R and take an at the end instead. Samara Samara, Isam Kuda. How do feminine words change in the accusative case? They drop the letter at the end and take an instead. Maska ask to Moscow, Vasc vu. Let's see an example of how it all works together in real life. We're going by car from Samara to Moscow. Is Sam. You can play with the word order in this sentence as you please because the form of the words, their endings will show very clearly which one is the destination, which one is the departure point, and which one is the vehicle. Let's practice now. Name. How from where and where are you going? You will see a picture of a vehicle and two words. The first is your departure point. The second one is your destination. Make a sentence using all the given information and don't forget to use different verbs of movement depending on your vehicle. Let's start. We're going by bus from home to the museum. Is Parka Magazine. We're going by bicycle from the park to the shop. Mosque of Barcelona, we're flying by plane from Moscow to Barcelona. You will need the word ship here. Carabal ship Carabal o. Ultaba vigazo. We're traveling by ship from Istanbul to Venice. Let's look at the other verbs of movement. The ones that we use for frequent or repeated actions, the ones we can substitute with have been or the ones that describe action to and from somewhere, or the ones we use when there is no defined direction. We just do the movement for the sake of it, more often for pleasure. To go Hadidi Unhodt Anaheim Ani hood on Ras NduHdi Vdvnu. He goes to the village once a week. Beer get to run Bergat Baga BagaO Baga Anna Baggage Ani BagatOKajd Jin Ba gat. He runs every day. Yd, to go by vehicle, yes, the yesdhnyesded, Anna yes yes yesdUn he goes home by car, meaning that he does it on a daily basis, or at least very frequently. Ites to fly italiana item Genevo. We often fly to Geneva. PlowdsT swim, to boat, to sail, to travel by a water vehicle. PlowdPlovu plavPlov Anna plate Ani plavut on Plavte He travels by boat in summer. Let's practice. At. What do they do? You will see a picture of animals. Make a sentence saying the usual way of movement. Let's start. P bidsze Birds fly Pitt Sabak dogs Sabaki Sabak. Dogs Run Sabaki BigautRbFsh Ribeto dealt Rube. Fish swim. Rube plaut Loudy people Udi. Detudi People walk Loudy horde. Loudy Daler Loudy. People go by vehicles. Loudy hesed. Let's practice some more. You see four people, Mark, Ira, Rick ket. One by one, tell me what they're doing now and what they often do. Use the pictures to guide you. When you make the first sentence, imagine that they're doing those actions with the purpose in mind. The running somewhere, they're walking somewhere, the driving somewhere, the swimming somewhere. But when you answer the second question, we have an adverb of frequency, it will be the other verb. Let's start. So, Mark Cichas deal it. Mark is running now. Mark Sita. Sto mark hasta deal it. He often runs on hasta Big Sto Ira cichas deal it. Ira is walking now. Ira citas idiot. So a hasta dt. She often walks. Anna hasta hood it. So Rik Cichas deal it. Rick is going by carnw. Risk Chasta deal it. He often drives a car on statti cha deal it. Cat is swimming now. Tias plviot Sto on a chesta deal it. She often swims on a hasta plavit. The pas Mornmal film episode Sim di setTree Vladimir meets Alisa on the street. They start talking about working out the trich. Alastata hold it. I turn one Ditpdi is this pagNir by seeing. Darla you blow No I'm a podcast stem miss. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Privati Hi Alisa Are you running somewhere? Dan t be a gourd. Well, no, now I always run here in the morning. Camnog D this Bago? How many people are running here? This sig data, it's always like this here. Tota beg, Tota hold it. Somebody runs, somebody walks. Atatpdi and right there, children are riding the bicycle. A etch dis Biages do you run here too? N basin. No, I'm going to the swimming pool. Yet AdwaraaNdPavoo. I swim there two times a week. A Baja Pat. I love swimming. Nobaka Doma, but the swimming pool is located very far from home. I need to go there by car. Aetna, but I don't like that. Basic, the swimming pool is a little bit far. No, but sometimes I go there on foot. Ada, prose and when I walk there, I listen to the podcast or just music. Idea, not a very bad idea. Daschle rai jom. Sl, do you shi. Next, sla do you hi mischief, SliraPijom. Let's go together next time. Let's play out the dialogue. Tram bag. Data, tota bet, tota hold it. A tan one, itis. Paja Nob saying I'm eating in rats. Also. Net do by sin. Duar of NdilPlau the Yash podcast, prose Musco. In this lesson, we talked about verbs of motion. No one expects you to feel like an expert at this point, but I do hope you got a pretty good idea of how we use two different words that describe a certain way of moving. Let's take your progress now. Birds fly in the sky. We chose the word iptat because there is no directions specified in our sentence. We're just stating a general fact. Parque in winter, birds fly from England to Morocco and in summer, they fly from Morocco to England. Mitcat is glia Aeta nltat is mooc, anglo. What if I added above Sahara to the sentence? In winter, birds fly from England to Morocco. They fly above Sahara. ZimoyTslta is angli Moca, Anlita not sahare. I just wanted to see if you remembered the prepositions we had learned. Another example, aaa. Children love running Ditty YubtVg. We chose the word Veget because it is a generic thing, no specific direction, and the last one. It is late already. Children are running home because they're hungry. Pony. We chose the word Bhat because there is a specified destination Dami. Let's also take this opportunity and learn the actual word hungry. GdGaodnn. When we simply want to say I'm hungry, we still prefer saying Yaga chu jist. But if we want to intensify it a bit, I'm so hungry. We'd rather use the actual adjective. A dna. When we want to ask the question, Are you hungry? It can be both. Guess, no different context. Let's say, children are running home because they're hungry. Each Godnea Now, it's time for you to revise everything in this chapter and have your seventh quest. We back. That's 34. Future Tense of 'to be': Pretty bit. Congratulations on passing the quit. Voicing. This is the last chapter of this A one course. By the end of this chapter, you will be able to operate the future tense, understand the concept of verbs in the Russian language, give commands, and make requests, make complicated sentences describing people and objects, and also report other people's words. Your Russian is about to boom to a new level. In this lesson, we will talk about the future tense of the verb to B. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, in two years, I will be a designer and we will also talk about the weather. You will learn how to say things like tomorrow it will be cold and snowy in Russia, but hot and sunny in California. The word to be, that is not used in the present tense, but is very important in the past and future tenses. But let's conjugate it in the future tense. The pattern is absolutely the same with the present tense. The stem is. The endings will be the same like in the conjugation pattern of the verbs type one. Yeah, voodoo. T Buds. On Budit Anna, Budget, no Buddie Buddhu. We need this verb to say, where will we be G, who will become in the future? Kim. When we will arrive, Kagta and what we will be doing? Ste. Let's see the examples. Budo Doma. I will be at home. Budoachom I will be a doctor. Abdo Ceres. I will be there in 20 minutes. We actually omit the word there in Russian. Cheris in Ceres in 20 minutes. Jab Cheri Dai minut I will be there in 20 minutes. Yabudo abut. I will be working or the same thing for you. The Bud you will be at the office. The BuddhishEnginer, you will be an engineer. The BuddhishPozna, you will be late. The ButishGlet, you will be walking. Let's get distracted from the future tens for a moment and talk about the weather Pagoda, the weather Pagoda Holodna code. Holodna. Tiplo warm, TiplkaHtk Suns sun Suns Snick. Snow. Snick dosed. Rain, doshed V, wind, Vetter. Now we will combine everything you have learned. On the left, you see all the symbols we will be using in this exercise. Temperatura temperature measured in degrees. GradusRain doshed, snow, Snick Sun Suns win V. The question will be a Zara Bud pagoda. What will the weather be like tomorrow? Kay Zara, bud pagoda. You will see and hear a question and then see the symbols, Decrypt them and make a full sentence. Let's start. In Moscow, it will be cold tomorrow. Atladna. The temperature will be minus ten degrees temperatura Buge minus grads, and there will be snow. E Budget Snick softraPagoda, me. In Rome, it will be warm tomorrow. Tip. The temperature will be seven degrees above zero. Timperatura Budget, plus same Gradusov and there will be sun. E Puget Santa. Aca Zaftra Budget pagoda, Valenta. In Wellington, it will be very warm tomorrow. Wellington traip The temperature will be 23 degrees above zero. Timperatura Budget plus dv tri grad, but there will be rain. No Budget aka Zaftra Bude Pagoda, Capetowa in Cape Town, it will be hot tomorrow. Cape Town Zaptra Budget Jarka. The temperature will be 32 degrees above zero. Timperatura Budget plus tris da gradus and there will be sun. Budget suntara budget pagoda, tanta in Toronto, it will be a bit cold tomorrow. Taronta ZatrageHladna. The temperature will be five degrees below zero. Timperatura Benet gradov but there will be sun. No. Budget santa. Kaka Zara Budget pagoda me. In Lima, it will be warm tomorrow. Vim Zafra budget Tip. The temperature will be 22 degrees above zero. Temperatura. But there will be wind. No, Budget Vaca Zara budget pagoda, Sul In Seoul, it will be cold tomorrow. Sara Bude Holodna The temperature will be eight degrees above zero. Temperatura Budget plus voimGradsov, and there will be rain. I, Bude TostKkaZafra BudiPagoda Kara. In Cairo, it will be hot tomorrow. Care Zara Bdearka. The temperature will be 27 degrees above zero. Palate Gradoov but there will be wind. No. Budget iteral film, pivot. My Dravidi Mark Sandi Ciaba she just Tam sim Pie tamoan Yeah, Nala Doheny Deli. But of slanginadnza Bud sweeter semi too play. E shap char form Dam Budget holen. Yeah, Nasi Doheny Dill Bud of Sidney tab Diplo sans Claus let's read the dialogue line by line. My Dri my friends live everywhere in the world. Avalandita jest. And is there anyone in Iceland? Kaneshna, of course, Mark vvslandi. Mark lives in Iceland. MuvchiranPlfono. PelfonoO the phone. Pelfono Muvchira SnmaPtlfono. Yesterday, we talked with him on the phone. Tag Cherabul and what was the weather there like yesterday? Si Zima, now it's winter there, Tam Holodna that is why it is cold there and there is wind. Int and it snows almost every day. Add Vlandi. Next week, I will be in Iceland. Nada Nizabd sweeter, semi top Ishak Shar fom. I need not to forget the warmest, the thickest, sweater, and a Bini with a scarf. Tam boudHladma, it will be cold. Aya Nazla Duchene but of Sydney. And I will be in Sydney next week. Tambo de tip is Santa. It will be warm there and there will be sun. Class, great. Munezawdna Zawdna Jealous. Zawdna, it's a feeling, so we use it just like we use all the other feelings. When we say, I'm bored Ma Skusna I'm jealous, Mun Zawdna Zawdna I'm jealous. Let's play out the dialogue. EcactapaGda Ciabul, Naito Shiny Del but of slang. Na Danza Buch sweeter, somewhat py E sharp char form. Damn Budget hole na. Claus Midgav tear of me. Canna, Mark, it Slandi, Mia. SgtamZmPtma hnavinKurjen. A ya Nasal Di Bu Sydney tip Sans. In this lesson, you learned plenty of words that describe weather, and you also learned how to make sentences in the future tense. Let's check your progress. Ca casetParzqe. In two years, I will be designer. Ceres Dvagda Bud DsxcasParuska. Tomorrow, it will be snowy in Russia, but it will be hot in California. Asi Zaftra Budit Snick of California, BuditJarka atichnavg so that's Corovaa 35. Imperfective / Perfective Aspects of Verbs: It. In this lesson, we will talk about so called perfect and imperfect aspects of verbs. As you know, the Russian language has three tenses only present, past and future, but it is a very rich language. How do we express all the nuances of all the possible meanings? Actually, we have an absolutely different way to do that. Let's define tenses first. Chance is a form of a verb that indicates when the action happened. I did indicates the past. I am doing indicates the present, I will do indicate the future. Aspect, on the other hand, is a form of a verb that indicates if the action was completed, or it is still ongoing. I was reading, no indication whether I have finished my book or not versus I have read, it is clear that I have finished reading a book without the need for further explanation. Or I will be cooking at 7:00. Who knows when I finish and what time the food will be ready versus I will have cooked the dinner by 7:00. The dinner will be ready because I will have finished my job by that time. In Russia, we do not have words like have or had to indicate those completed uncompleted actions. Instead, we use two different verbs. One, for the action that is complete, the other for the same action that is incomplete. It is very clear in our language. There are two aspects in Russian. To be honest, I'm not sure if more than two aspects even exist in any other language, and I might look it up later. As I told you before, I find these topics fascinating. Back to our thing. To aspects in Russian. Perfect. The action has been or will be completed. These birds do not even exist in the present tense. That is why we have not seen any of them so far. It does make sense though. You can either be done with an action if you have already completed it, or you're going to have it completed in the future. There is nothing in between. Imperfect. The action is incomplete, still ongoing. There is no need to finish it or it is a constantly repeated thing. Every Russian imperfect verb has its perfect counterpart. Most of the time, imperfect verbs are considered main verbs and they have the perfect counterparts. That is why if you're unsure, use the imperfect verb and you will be understood. Today, we will learn many of such pairs, and by the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, my brother was listening to the podcast and having dinner. Or my sister watched the new episode on YouTube. Then she cooked food and held dinner. The first pair of the Russian verbs, to do the imperfective verb deal it. You can also think of it as to be doing and the perfective form steal it. You can also think of it as to have done dealt to be doing, steal it to have done. One more pair. To cook the imperfective verb Gatovi. You can also think of it as to be cooking and the perfective form, Pig. You can also think of it as to have cooked at to be cooking, to have cooked. When you choose the verb, always ask yourself, does the result matter? If it doesn't, choose the imperfective verb. TLL was doing, for example, Stott TL, what were you doing? I was cooking dinner, a Gatluan. We're talking about that very moment. We have no intention to say whether the dinner has been cooked or not because we are not asked that. All we want to say is what we were doing at that very moment. Hence, we choose the imperfective verb. Let's look at another example. Are you interested in the result? If you are then choose the perfective verb, Steal have done. Stott Ste. What have you done? I have cooked dinner. Pgatvujen. I'm reporting on my accomplishments. Dinner has been cooked. It has been accomplished. The action has been completed. Hence, the choice of the perfective verb. How will we ask this question in Russian? Have you written the email? The pair of the verbs for writing is besides the imperfective one to be writing, besides Nas, the perfective one to have written, besides. Let's follow our steps. Does the result matter? It does. The imperfective verb won't work. The result matters. We will go with the perfect pass email. Have you written the email? Nepal email. Yes, I have written the email. Now that you know how to choose, let's learn some more pairs of verbs. To have breakfast. The imperfective verb ZaptractsT be having breakfast, Zaptract and the perfective one pass Af tracts, to have had breakfast, pass af tracts. To be having lunch, the imperfective one AbedsT be having lunch, Abdits and the perfective one PabditsT have head lunch, Babadits to watch the imperfective verb Sma tritT be watching Sma trit the perfective one Pasma tritTo have watched Pasma tritTo build the imperfective verb StroitT be building Stroit the perfective word pastoiT have built Pastroit to buy the imperfective verb pakupatsT be buying pakupats and the perfectiveb CupitT have bought Kupe Let's practice. I will ask you a question like this. Anna pasatracaH she had breakfast yet? Answer in the way that contradicts my question. For example, here, say no, she's still having breakfast. Let's start. Anna pasastraca it Annas Afriqt Ani Abiutt nibsmtri match. Smott match. An pastorle dom it Anish Strot Dom. Anna hookup Anna. Let's go over all the sentences one more time. Anna Pasta. Has she already had breakfast? Anna Zarak. No, she's still having breakfast. Anshu Abdat Are they still having lunch? An Pad. No, they have already had lunch. On pasaria. Has he already watched the match? Moria. No, he's still watching the match. Ani Pastro. Have they already built the house? An Strom. No, they're still building the house. Anna Is she still buying presents? Net Anna cop Padark No, she has already bought the presents. There is another question you might want to ask yourself if you are going to use two different actions in your sentence. Are these two actions simultaneous? Are they happening at the same time? If you say yes, you will need to use the imperfective verb. Going back to our early examples, Gatvil was cooking. And Pisal was writing. Take a look at this example. Data pisalRpt. When I was cooking dinner, I was writing the recipe. This person was doing the cooking and the writing at the same time. It doesn't have to be the same very second. It can be a longer period of time. But it is important that he didn't wait until his cooking was over to write down the recipe. No, he was doing it while cooking. A Ya gatvjenYaPisal sept. Let's look at another situation. If you have two actions that are consequent, one follows the other. You need to use the perfective verb pigtvl to have cooked, or in this case, when we talk about consequent actions, in English, we can translate it with simple past cooked and NPsalT have written or just wrote because again, we're talking about the sequence of actions here. A Nepal sept. When I cooked dinner, I wrote the recipe. This man cooked his dinner first and then probably after realizing how great it turned out to be, wrote down the recipe. AgapsalRzpt. Let's learn some more pairs of verbs to say Gavari to be saying to have said Gavari ScaztT read. Hi tats, to be reading, pacts, to have read itt pract. To draw saws to be drawing NiavaT have drawn Nava. Let's practice. You will see a timeline with two actions. On that timeline, based on the position of the actions, you will understand whether they were dan simultaneously or consequently. You will also see the gender of the person on whose behalf you will be talking and a prompt of what you need to say. Let's start. A Japasafrical, Japs MatrillTllzar. Yazftcmaria tilewzar. Cada Precitalae toco, Nava Cartino a Envia Namal film, Episode Sam Diet get. Today, Alice and Ladymr are planning to go to the escape room, which in Russian, we just call the Quest, QuestriOls Cognanen gavagai Idud what? Zain Quest Lasan, sure. Ana Quest Anna noNegro What? Are you Lana. Coq Di Mm hmm. So Jewish. Mm hmm. Mm hmm. I do after no of West. Uh huh. At lechna. Anna upon Patat Anna Sudo Wolstremtranam Buge Anna Abajlcinab Atchnagat Let's read the dialogue line by line. Alisa, Cagnapquest Zafra. Alissa, how about our plans for the escape room tomorrow? So gatovGRady. Masculine form. GatovFeminine, GatovaNuter, GatovaPlural GatovT be ready. So Gava Is everything ready? At I everyone ready? Dot is everyone going? Ra hoanquestTmorrow, we are going to the escape room. Lena, I Denis, U I, Lena and Denis are going. DenisojPazvan, I have already called Denis Len PazvanilH you called Lena, azabZabvt and about to forget. Za BuwtT be forgetting the imperfective word, ZabitT have forgotten the perfective form. ZabuvZbZabil. I have forgotten. P. I will call now. Not. We must call her quickly. Anna Jensen yet, sure. She doesn't know yet. Anasnd Sota ke quest. She knows what an escape room is, Anamnogeda. She has seen many, Nona NkagdaNGra, but she has never played. What? Here. All. Hello. Lena, Helena is at you. Kagtla, how are you doing? Stotts, what are you doing? PdoZafrona Quest. Let's go to an escape room tomorrow. At Lichna. Well, great. Noto, so what Stoa Casale. What has she said? Anna TrpkomaGaGatovla. Trpka means a handset. Of course, now we don't have handsets anymore, but when we say to answer the phone, we still use the word handset, Topka. Bats and Vet to take the imperfective word Bats to be taken. The perfective form is Vets to have taken, to take Bats Vets, to say to answer the phone, we say Veto to answer the phone, Vetatv. She couldn't answer the phone because she was cooking dinner. Anna Sudam afra Snam Budget. With pleasure, she will be with us tomorrow. Anna AbajPriklcen, Caimu SaboyPriklcia, and adventure preclucena Anna AbajPrikluchenia, Cakemi Saboy She loves adventures, just like you and me. At chnaGreat. A in Anna Pregatov and has she already cooked dinner? Bad. How about going for a visit? Let's play out the dialogue. Quest, Lena on a rainy night is sure. Achngt Alisa, cognpannaQust, Zafra Sgt gated. Oh, Anant Anangu Anna Nico D *****. What? Are you Lena. Cog Dil Steals huh after not. Uh huh. At legn Ana TrpkoNmgjat, Ptamstojan gatovi on a sudo westrem aftrasnami Budget, AnabklcinKa misa Bj. In this lesson, we talked about perfect and imperfect verbs. At this point, there is nothing left to add to the explanation. With practice, you will be able to use all of them easily without thinking about it, especially if you listen to the Russians using the verbs and read Russian texts. That is the only way to master a complicated part of any language. Step one, understand what this is and why it is important. We have covered that at the beginning of the lesson. Check. Step two, understand how it all works. We have done that during our today's lesson. Check. Step three, start using it yourself and try to analyze your mistakes. We have started doing that too, so check. Step four. Pay attention to the way native speakers use their language. Still ongoing. As for now, let's check your progress. How will you say? My brother was listening to the podcast and having dinner. My Brac SlusoPodcast, Yujin. To simultaneous actions here. We have no idea whether he has listened to podcast till the end or whether he has finished his dinner, we use the imperfect words, Sushujena. How will you say my sister watched the new episode on YouTube. Then she cooked food and had dinner. With time, you will learn how to make perfect verbs intuitively. Let's try one now. You know that to have breakfast is ZaftriqtE Zaptrakt Also know that to have lunch is BedtE Bandits. Now you can figure out what to have dinner will be in its two forms and then translate my sentence. Challenge accepted. Let's start then. My sister watched the new episode on YouTube, then she cooked food and had dinner. Maestras matri no episota YouTubegat 36. Future Tense of Imperfective Verbs: P. In this lesson, we will talk about the future tens of the imperfect words, which means that by the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, I will be reading tonight. Or in five years, I will be living in Moscow and working as an engineer. Future tense that is usually translated as will be doing, how it is formed. First, we need the verb to be But, and it's conjugated forms. Yeah, Budo Buddies, on Budget, Anna, Bude nodded Budd and a verb, the imperfective verb. For example, to Buds Diva. What will you be doing tonight? Ado gra Sabak. I will be playing with my dog. As you see, the imperfective verb will not change, will use its infinitive form. Let's practice. We often use the word Buddhis that literally means, will you to offer something, to say, will you have or would you like to have something? You will see a picture, ask the person whether he or she would like to have that. Then respond. I will give you prompts in English. Let's start. Would you like to have tea? Woods ai. No, thank you. I have already drunk. Mit pasiba Yage piel. Would you like to have coffee? Butts Cf. No, thank you. I have already drunk. Net pba Yao je peel. Would you like to have choice? Butts sock. No, thank you. I have already drunk. Net pba Yao je peel. Would you like to have fruits? Buds fructe No, thank you. I have already eaten. Mia baseba Yao Jill. Would you like to have ice cream? Bush Mogin. No, thank you. I have already eaten. Nets Biba, Yao ja yell. Would you like to eat? Butts yeast. No, thank you. I have already eaten. Nets Basiba yeoja yell. Would you like to have breakfast? Bush Zaptrakt No, thank you. I have already had breakfast. Net pasibaYZafrac. Let's learn some very common verbs, the imperfective forms for now. PamagatT help or to be helping. Yamagata Angot to help or to be helping Bama gat aasvtT tell or to be telling a RakasevuRaazv. On Rakasv Anna Rakave AnasazvtTtell, or to be telling Rascazewt PacasvtT show or to be showing, PacasvUPakazv. On Pacasvt Anna PcazvtPkazv Pacazt Ani PacazvtT show or to be showing Pakazt. To call or to be calling to call or to be calling Zant. Let's practice. So Abudu Zaftra What will they be doing tomorrow? There are four people on the left. Esther, hi, Paul, E Natalia. They all have plans for tomorrow afternoon. Say what they will be doing tomorrow. Let's start. Ester BudtPakawN photography. He Butaena Vietnam. Paul Zanis Natalia Bude Poma gat Mama got film, Episode simet. Alice and Vladimir decide to create their own escape room Darioucinc Davina Alisa quest. Amica a Quest dome. Lutke. MbudoPlano Risa vt, pisat Dmachvgmna cat ground do much. Taka. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Acoevchianas Bula pri Clucene. What an adventure we had yesterday. Cagbulasdava. How great it was. Da CiabulPsta semi Catina. Yes, yesterday was simply wonderful. Em Catina. Wonderful. Ze M Catina. The CiabulPsta semi Catina. Yes, yesterday was simply wonderful. Sto Alisa. You know what, Alisa? Dave Pregatovim quest. The word Brigatovi does not only mean to have cooked, but also to have prepared Gato BrigatoviT prepare. Dave pregatojm quest. Let's also prepare an escape room. Kaya Michad What a wonderful idea. Quest Buddha nom Dome, the escape room will be in one house, Ludi Buddha Crave Pataki kuciPriT come Ador Dw Pkaska a hint. Pakaka NaredtntT find credit to be finding, 90 to have found Naredtnty Klutch. A key Klutch. Did Pataki Kluci. People will be coming, opening the doors, reading the hints, finding the keys. The noms natala Bdemga. Yes, but at first, we will be preparing ourselves very well. MobuanPlani Rabat RisavatPisat, Dumat, who will be planning, drawing, writing, and thinking. Aka Budget GatovaNojaden, no mojo M gruna chat. Yes. And when everything is ready on your birthday, we can start the game. Ka Bude in tiznaH interesting it will be. B. Do you already have good ideas? Mnoga. Yes, plenty. No Buddha do much, but I will be thinking more. Again. Then our escape room will be shockingly interesting. Is Slogni and difficult. Let's play out the dialogue. Data Christ Dmitri patkakuci the Aagraatvgm NacatGrow Cocina. Mogao doma. Tak the Incevipclucin. Cc Bula Dava Alisa, Dgtvim quest. NonadbdiPlan, sa vod, pisat Dumati In this lesson, we talked about the future terms of the imperfect verbs Parque, I will be reading tonight. Asare. In five years, I will be living in Moscow and working as an engineer. Tin Dacaca 37. Future Tense of Perfective Verbs: Period. In this lesson, we will be talking about the future tens of the perfective verbs, which means that by the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, I will call you tonight, or I will show you my new favorite application. There is one thing you need to remember before we start. It is that perfected verbs contain the meaning of a completed action. Like if we say I will call you, what we actually want to say is that I will call you and we will talk, right? The action of dialing a number and getting hold of someone will be completed successfully here. So we will use the perfective word in Russian, or another simple sentence like, I will tell you a story. What we are trying to say is that I will start and finish telling my story. So again, in Russian, we will use the perfective form of the verb. We can always translate those kinds of sentences with a perfective verb as I will have my story told. And this way, the exact meaning of your sentence will be conveyed. But for the sake of simplicity, you can just say, I will tell you a story and be done with it. But it's that. Future tense that we can translate as we do or we have done. How do we form it? We take a perfective verb, for example, steal it to have done, and we conjugate it just like we do in the present tense. Same rules, same patterns. Do you remember that perfective verbs do not exist in the present tense? So if we conjugate them, we will get the future tense meaning. Let's try, steal a U, I will have done, or I will do. Lays you will have done, or you will do. On Diet. He will have done or he will do Annas Delayet she will have done, or she will do Anu Dilate, I will have done, or it will do. Mu De will have done, or we do dt. You will have done, or you do Ani Dilate. They will have done, or they will do. Let's take another verb PagletT have walked. Pogulu I will have walked or I will walk the Pagules you will have walked or you will walk. On Pogult he will have walked or he will walk. Anna Pogult she will have walked or she'll walk. Nopagult. I'll have walked or it'll walk. Mpagulu we will have walked or we will walk. Pagult you will have walked or you'll walk. Anipagult. They will have walked or they'll walk. Let's say an example. Stu What will you do tonight? Meaning, what will you have done tonight? What will you have accomplished? Yoga. I will walk my dog. I will have walked my dog. I will go outside. I will accomplish that walk thing, and come back with my dog. Let's learn the perfective forms of the verbs from the previous lesson, and of course, we'll conjugate them immediately. PamojT help or to have helped. Magma to help or to have helped Pamoch a to tell or to have told Raja to tell or to have told Rascat PcazetT show or to have shown a BacaunPcagt Ana PcajtaT show or to have shown Pcazets Pavan. To call or to have cold. Pasa pass Anna Pasvant a to call or to have called. Let's practice. The four people on the left have plans for tomorrow afternoon. But this time, they're more interested in the result of their actions than the process itself. Say what they plan to accomplish tomorrow. A Stud Zafra. What will they have done tomorrow? Let's start. Ester akazetnamPhotography. Chi Rakutna of Vietnam. Paulista Natalia Pamojt Mame ga Tow. Let's practice some more. If we have two consequent actions, it is more logical to use the perfective verbs. We will complete one action and then the other. You will see the timeline with two actions. Say what you will do. Let's start. Yeah, Paupma. Saju Tibia Canada, IpocazuPhotography. PastriePl po MaguTib Pogula SabakePgatov Ugan Tate as MotriNmalFlm, Episode Smit Sam Today, Alice and La Dimir are talking about their plans for the next year, D Madrid. Alsatian Watching. Watching by Sri planet. As SnacaanmkPerct, Angst Aden film Npuracs Micha Attorney plan. Are you sure? But Tom had to know chise web designer. Diana now. Now. Are you sure? Tony hooch know chise deal. You sure? You had to know chiseTanzv tango. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Alisa, Kake Outba Plane, Nasi Duhigt. Alisa, what plans do you have for the next year? Watching by Sri plane. Very, very big plans. Rascajz, will you tell me? Snacha yeah well cheat NimeskiO cheat, well cheat. We cheat to be learning, we cheat to have learned. Cheat, we cheat. Snatcha ya ha you will cheat Nimeski. At first, I want to learn German. She wants to be done with her studies. PerctNgunri ad in film Pas Novest in a Psuras class. SlustPaT listen. Slush to be listening. Pass **** to have listened. She past. Not the news. No. Precast Aden pilau as cas. I will have read one book in this language. I will have watched one movie. I will have listened to the news, and I will have a story written. She wants to have all these things done by the end of the year. That is why she chose the perfective form of each verb. MictnPlan a wonderful plan. Are you sure? And what else? Patm Yaatunhisa web designer. Then I want to learn web design. Uchisa no hitsaT learn a skill. ChisaT be learning a skill, no hitsaT have learned a skill. Uchisa no hitsaPto Yaatunhisa web designer. Then I want to learn web design. The Mama Mj. Can you help me? Pfsano? You are professional. MagukanaO course I can. Yet MagknO course I will help you. Are you sure, Stony Butz Watch no chitsa dealt? And do you want to learn to do anything else? AiaanTanga and also I want to learn to dance tango. Let's play out the dialogue. Watching Oching by Sri plane. Snachala YacatVcneski.Perctao Ad NoknigoNtaze, Pasmtr Aden fm, paso novstNphura cas. But Tom had to know chitsa web designer them proficiana, sure, had to know chitsa Dans dangle. O so KotchbapanN she got. Ras car mi plan. Are you sure? Makk yesno, yes, no. Are you sure? Tony Hoch. No chitsa dealt In this lesson, we talked about the future Tiansg. Now, you know how it all works. Progress Parque. I will call you tonight. Acer, I will show you my new favourite application. Much Daca o 38. Imperative: It. In this lesson, we will talk about imperatives, or how to give comments, orders, make requests, and ask for favors. All these things, we constantly say to each other. Go, stop, do, don't do. Tell me. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to say all these commands and many others. Even things like buy me a coffee and a croissant flees or tell me a good story, please. Dana Imperatives, there are several ways of how we form imperatives. We will look at them one by one. But in any case, the first thing you will need to do is to conjugate the word according to the first person singular. For example, steal it. Steal a U. Now look, does the stem end with a vowel? It does. Then we will add the letter at the end. Still, do. Still. The first type is just that. Another example. Spat, conjugated aplu. Does it end with a vowel? Oh is not a vowel. Ask another question then. Does it end with two consequent consonants? Yes, it does. Then add the letter E at the end. Sp, sleep, Sp. That is the second type. Another example, G conjugated Does the stem end with a vowel? No, it doesn't. Does it have two consequent consonants at the end? No. One, then ask another question. Is the stress on the last syllable Gavar Yes, it is. Then also add the letter E at the end. Gavari Talk, Gavari. That is it for the third type one last example that we will barely use, but I don't want you to be caught off guard if you hear it. Such conjugated. Does it end with a vowel? No, it doesn't it have two consonants at the end? No, it doesn't the stress on the last syllable? No, it isn't this rare case, we will add a soft sign at the end of the stem. Stan. Get up. Stan that is it. I know it is much more complicated than you expected, but firstly, you don't need to remember all the rules. In this lesson, we will just make sure you understand the logic behind the formation of the imperative forms. Secondly, you will hear these imperatives constantly. You will get used to these commands pretty quickly. Steal a D. Steal spe, sleep, SpeGvarTv Stan, get up, stung. Let's practice. You have the same that will help you. You will see a word, make an imperative. Tell me what to do. Let's tight. At the hut to rest, to relax. Let's follow the process. Conjugated, at the U. Do we have a vowel at the end? Yes, we do. We use the letter at the high, relax, rest at the high cheat to learn. Conjugated. Chu. Does it have a vowel? No, it doesn't it have two consonants? No, it doesn't the stress on the last syllable chu? Yes, it is. We put the E at the end. Chi, learn, chi. SmtritzT look. Conjugated. Is there a vowel? No, there isn't there two consonants. Yes, there are. We put an E at the end. Look, a new word, papa sit to ask for a favor, to request. Papa sit is the perfective form of the verb presit to be asking. Papa sit to ask or to have asked. Let's conjugate it. Ya papo I will ask. The paposs you will ask. Un papst He will ask Anna Pprost. She will ask Paposm we will ask Vu papost you will ask, Ani papost. They will ask. How do you form the imperative of this word? Let's follow our shame. Conjugated aap Is there a vowel? No, there isn't. Are there two consonants? No, there isn't just one. We use E at the end of the stem. P C. Ask or request. Let's practice. P no. Ask Anna. You will see the directions like ask Anna to do something. Imagine talking to Anna, asking her to do something for you. Use the imperative forms. For that, follow the rules we have discussed to form the imperatives. Since you're asking for a favor, don't forget to add the word please at the end. Let's start. Papi page. ApicacoPp that's to be Sahar. Papa. Let's go over the sentences once again. Papa Panglk. Ask Anna to speak English. Variant. Speak English, please. Papa annu Cupit calato. Ask Anna to buy a chocolate bar. Cup catoPaj Buy chocolate bar, please. Papa annu that's Tibi Sacher. Ask Anna to give you sugar. Dama Sahar pajasta. Give me sugar, please. A. Ask Anna to tell you about Russia. Pajata. Tell me about Russia, please. We have just learned how to ask or command one person to do something. If there are more people or if you refer to someone respectfully, there will be one small difference. You will add Ti at the end of the word. Let's see how it works. At the hut to rest. At the Rest. Talking to one person. At the hi. Rest, talking to two people or more. Cheat to learn. He learn. Hit learn, talking to two people or more. To look. Talking to one person. Sat Look, talking to two people or more. Let's practice. You will see the directions again, like ask Lisa and Dasha to do something. Imagine talking to these two girls, asking them to do something for you. Use the imperative forms, the plural ones and don't forget to put the word please at the end of your request. Let's start. Lie Gavari Pangea Paprika. PpraiTib Sahara PapicaTiba RC. O. Paul film Episode Sindet. Alisa meets Vladimir who's trying to work, but she's bored and feels like chatting. DaritP Alisa Jeoide S weg. Rabota. Oh, smart Noda, I need to p square STja. Not Rabota. Oh, slushie. Da will be my pecene. Uh huh. No, just prove moms ago. Alaia is Stony Bouch pi Stony Booch PerchtaTony Boog. Uh huh, Pravin Take Deltas, what coffee we beat at the high. Let's read the dialogue line by line. Privat Alisa Hi, Alyssa. Stat is this deals? What are you doing here? Yagulu I'm walking. At the Kazeza Zanit. It seems like you are busy. Mana Eta site, Civodns dealt. Yes, I need to have finished this website today. Patna, I ate abote. Well, then you work, work. O Smatri look. Pavel San Idd Pavel, with Anna are walking. No Anti Persa. Well, yes, they also live in Moscow now. Pananaaboabote. You work, work. Ilushe listen. Da ubimaPsnaigrat. Your favorite song is playing. Bisna song PisnaT Luba Psnagra. Your favorite song is playing. Um Pravda Music but I really don't feel like listening to music right now. Nos Gavari with Toj Yi Chesna or like talking, to be honest. Alissa, Idi Zacas il Alyssa, go make an order. Sis, Tony Boot, weepshTony Boot, Brecht, Tony Boot. Yest yest to eat. Yest to be eating, yest to have eaten. Yest, yest. Pet, whip it to drink. Pete to be drinking. Whip it to have drunk. Pete whip it. Sis, Stony Boot, weeps Stony Boot, Brecht, Stony Boot. Have something to eat, have something to drink, have something to read. Pravin. Yes, right. Takis do. I will do just that. It toga, what? Coffee epi you to here, take it, drink some coffee. Ababote and work. Work. Not a iHao but then rest. Let's play out the dialogue. Pan aboabtO smart NoabotabtaO slush psnGra Uh huh, Pataki ten, what coffee will be Rabota Rabota. Not at the high Russia. Privet Alyssa Tut eight sight S WneGege. Noda, I need to pacer with Toja. No, just Provus Tj slicesna Alisa Zakat is Stony Bosch, epi Sony Bouch PerchtaTny Booch I know, I kept it from you how easy this was in Russian. But the good thing is that because you know how all those words are formed, you won't be confused. Let's be honest. Figuring it all on your own just by hearing it would be not so simple. But you are ready to try and use all the imperatives now. Just one more thing before we finish. The expected outcome is very important here. According to what you expect, you will choose a perfective verb or an imperfective verb to start with. Let me try to explain this. Take this pair of verbs, Zuantz the imperfective one and Pzwant its perfective counterpart. Imagine that you and a friend of yours are trying to get hold of someone. That person is not picking up and you're getting worried. You will tell your friend, call, call, call again. You actually mean to say, keep calling, keep trying. It is not in his or her power to make the other person pick up. All you can ask is for them to keep trying. ZZ Zwai apetz or another situation, you want to talk to your friend and you text that. Call me. You're not saying keep trying to call me. I want you just to be in the process of dialing my number. No, you mean to say, call me so we can talk. You want him to complete the action of calling you and getting hold of you so you can start the new action of talking. You will say, swam. And yes, I know it does sound very complicated, but it is the reality of the Russian language when it comes to imperatives and it is just very different concept for you. Don't give up. Try to use it, make mistakes, make the right choices. Listen, try again and you will acquire the understanding of it quite soon. Is, buy me a coffee and a croissant please. Meat. We chose the perfective one, Cupit here because we are not thinking about the process of buying the coffee, but about the outcome, the fact that you have bought it for me. I showed in Premiere Parke, tell me a good story, please. RatoriPajal. Imagine that your child is not reading the book he was assigned. You are telling him read, meaning keep reading. You are not sure whether he will finish it now, it might not be your go. All you want is for him to keep reading right now at this very moment. You will say, Chita E TKNiguPajalo ta. You use the word chitat the imperfective one here. Now, let's go over the most basic command. As always, Russian does have exceptions and pecularities when it comes to the most common words. Let's just go ahead and learn them now. Go EZ. Stop. So, Eat. Yes. Drink, PT sm. Tell me, Skajme Atchna Msivso Let's caca Baca. 39. 'that': Drive, look at this picture. If I tell you, look at this dog. That one is my. Will it be very clear which dog I'm talking about? Definitely not. But if I said, look at that dog that is not sitting, but standing, that one is my. Then you will understand this beautiful creature and not any other beautiful creature in that picture is mine. This part, the dog that is standing is a so called relative clause. It is a sentence that we use to define a thing, an animal or a person. In English, we use words, which, that, and who at the beginning of relative clause. In this lesson, we will talk about relative clauses in Russia. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to say things like, I know a girl who speaks very good Russian. Or what is the name of the boy who's asking his monk to buy him an ice cream? You already know the word that we use for which one? Cacoi and it changes its form according to genders. Cacoi for masculine, acaa for feminine, acoe for neuter, aka for plural. Let's see some examples. Acoi Dom v. Which house is yours? A jab Dorches. Which apple do you want? Aaa. Which car is yours? Kake. Which boots are yours? But as you know, the meaning of the word akoi is much wider. It also means what or what kind. We also have another word that strictly means which Meaning which of these, which of the ones you see, W of the ones that we are talking about Kator. I also changes according to genders, of course. Katori for masculine, Katora for feminine, Katora for neuter, Katora for plural. Which of these houses that you see is yours? Katori Dom v. Which of the apples that we have do you want? Katorablat hoches. Which of the cars that are in front of us is yours? Katoria Mina Taya. Which of the boots that are standing here are yours? Katie? More importantly, we use the word Katori to make relative clauses, to say things like the one who does something, the one which is somewhere, the one that did this thing. Let's see two sentences describing this picture. The man is sitting in the park. The man is reading a book. If we talked like that, it wouldn't sound good now, would it? It is redundant to say the word men twice. Instead, we choose the main idea. The men is reading the book and ask ourselves a descriptive question. Which man is reading a book? That is how we make a new comprehensive sentence without repeating ourselves twice. The man who is sitting in the park is reading a book. We do absolutely the same thing in Russian. Let's see the two sentences describing this picture in Russian this time. Mushina Mushino. The main idea here is that the man is reading a book, MushinaKo. Now we ask ourselves the question Mina etait Kigo. Mush, Kate, hit Kigo. Here, we cannot use the word kakoi. The only word we can use is Kator MushinaKtit Kigo. Let's see another example. The woman is sitting in the cafe. The woman is eating ice cream. Which woman is eating ice cream? The woman who is sitting in the cafe is eating ice cream. In Russian, it will be absolutely the same. Just the word Katori will adjust its gender. Raena yoga. At roja. Let's practice. You will see two sentences, M one. Let's start. Mushina Minivan. Cao mushinaiva. MushinaKato Divan Rena NapsaaPsnu reeninaopaot. CcaenPPsnu. JeninaKatpsa, PisnoYopaot. Made tans, Madgen Drug tugaKaki Maduena Ductuga. Nudruga. Let's go over all the sentences once again. Mushint the man is tired, Mushinav. The man is lying on the sofa, Kakoi Mushinav. Which man is lying on the sofa? Mushinav. The man who is tired is lying on the sofa. Jenna N pisalaPisno, the woman wrote the song. Jenna opat the woman is singing it. Kaka ensena a Pisno. Which woman is singing the song? Jenna KatorenaPisa PisnoYopaot. The woman who wrote the song is singing it. Maude tan sud. Young people are dancing. Meru Druga. Young people don't know each other. Kaki Maude Mis Ntrgdruga. Which young people don't know each other? Made Kate tu Drug Duga. The young people who are dancing don't know each other. Theatre Namal film, episodes. Today, Alisa and adimir talking about people they see Davis Matt. Sn, dominbm yellow blue technologri toribc Anna director by Sho Firm. Anna Anna Lube Anna Blasio nostra Katorinajzk indi t Much Kator Saba grade one with Renard pamstonaboto. On Nnatatgub Anna Baja Sabak. Hargra we just want to co Catorenac Let's read the dialogue line by line. Snam yes swab Nama, yellow blue, votaj matri. When I have free time, I like looking at people like this. It dumdum to make up motor Primo, and to make up the stories. Ram Arne tell me about the woman. Kaki. Which one? Kator Gulibunca. The one who is walking with a child. Li, easy. Anna, Director by Shofrm. She is the director in a big company. Anna Zama ZamjaT be married about a woman. Zamujam. Anna Lubit Put she likes traveling. Annab She has been everywhere in Europe and everywhere in Asia. Noble, KatorinaHdz Oka Indi. But most of all, she likes countries which are situated near India. Avon tot Muhina and that man over there, ont Mola Doch Law, that young man, Katori Sabakeigrd the one who is playing with the dog. Ott Virena ten, he is a vet. On Madama eat. He never goes anywhere because he loves this job. On NjanaK on chin ubJanatT be married about a man, anatONjenat nonvKu on Ochinubet. He's not married, but he has a girlfriend whom he loves very much. You see, the word Katori changes just like all the adjectives do. In the accusative form, the feminine word Katora changes and becomes Kator yu OjoatK on Ochinubit. He's not married, but he has a girlfriend whom he loves very much. Anna Toj Abajabk. She loves dogs too. Haro gra. What a nice game. A Katena Script grad. Do you see that girl who is playing the violin? No, una story Predomo. We don't need to make up her story. No, I know her. Hana Com. PosnaKtT introduce PosnaK. Let's conjugate it. It's a perfective verb, when we conjugate it, it will have the meaning of the future tense. Posnau, I will introduce the BasnaKs you will introduce. On PosnaKt, he will introduce. Anna Poznakom she will introduce Poznakom we will introduce Posnat you will introduce Ani PoznaKmet. They will introduce. Panama. Do you want me to introduce you? Let's play out the dialogue. Won tot Mina we just want to Deco Katoranascrip, orredmonmin, yellow blue, what technology Smich tori Predomoch. Kaki Cat Gulia Trebon Anna director by Sho firm, Anna Zamuja Anna ubPuhsto Anna Bosa VopiVs nobozotran Catarina HojzakEj on Tut MdchaviKatori Sabak egret, on Renard on NkogdaNPamoton bajate abutoONjoat no atori on Ochubit Anna To AbajaZabac. In this lesson, we talked about relative clauses. Now you can easily describe a theme or a person in your sentence to give precise information without having to repeat yourself. Per. Look at that dog that is not sitting, but Sandi. That one is my. A Sabak Kate Etag Primer. I know one girl who speaks very good Russia. Yamada Och Haier. Itau premier was the name of the boy who is asking his mom to buy him an ice cream. Chateau. A little flashback. We chose the imperfective verb past because the boy is in the process now and perfective verbs simply do not exist in the present tense. But we chose the perfective verb Cupit because the boy is clearly not interested in the process of buying the ice cream, but he's looking forward for the necessary transactions to be over to come into the possession of that ice cream he has been craving. I hope you got that nivo, that's 40. Complex Sentences: D. In this lesson, we'll go all the way back to one of our first lessons in which we talked about complex sentences. When we start a sentence with something like, I know, or can you tell me? Or she said that whatever we're going to say next needs to be connected to the first part and we can use all kinds of words to do that. I don't know who she is. I don't know what her name is. I don't know how old she is. I don't know where she works. I don't know when she reads and many, many, many more. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to say all these sentences and any other sentence that comes to your mind, of course. Let's look at some question words you already know. Who. What? Sta. ****. How? Coca. Where Cada when Cagda Skim with whom? Skim. He whoosh rhea Chi Chi. Kak chata, how often Kak hasta? Kadlga, how long? Kak Dga. Cam to whom am Bhim Why? But chemo. Kakoi? Which one? AkoiOKakoKki. Let's use them in questions. You will see a question, substitute the English question word with a Russian one. Let's start. Who is going to work? Good. Dot. What is there in your city? How is she doing? Where do you live? When will it be warm? Kaka Budget Diplo. With whom do you like traveling? Whose cute dog is this? Tampa Tchnabaca. How often do you buy chocolate? Cacciasta Dacupa hcalat. How long did you study at school? Ca DolgaUcilsce. To whom do you like giving presents? Why did you start learning Russian? Pomona uchtkk. Which hobby do you have? Compound sentences consist of two parts. The first part, the conjunction that connects everything together, and the second part. Let's see an example. We will start with the second part, which actually has the main formation. Lube. You love coffee. Part one can be anything introductory. For instance, I know, Yaznao in English, we will use the conjunction that to connect the two parts and say, I know that you love coffee. In Russian, we will use in cases like this. NaubKFO another example. Again, we will start with the second part which actually has the main information. At the telephone, robot, this phone works. Part one, in your opinion Cacti dum to make the sentence, in your opinion. How does this phone work? We will use Cake at the telephone abut. Another example. We'll start with part two, iba avisa and Zevtes. You like dancing. Part one, scar tell me. Tell me why you like dancing. Let's practice. You will see a question. Don't answer the actual question. Just say I know, then choose a conjunction, which is exactly the same like the question word in the question and then say what it is that you know. Like here. Say that I know who is going to work. A. Let's start. I know what there is in your city. Not yes, iba. Aconid I know how she's doing. No. I know where you live. And tip. I know when it will be warm. Anti I know with whom you like traveling. Jasnao Schem deluges Pushestovic. Each Baca. I know whose cute dog this is. JasnEmpaTchn, Baca. Ccchasta Typoopacalat. I know how often you buy chocolate. JasnaoKacchata pup calatKacdga Vu chilies Scola. I know how long you studied at school. Yanucdg Vu chilies Scoles padake I know to whom you like giving presents. Ano Kamu pad. But nach Iuchatk I know why you started learning the Russian language. An Butchimunachil, IuchatkekoH Buchibast I know which hobby you have Jasnaokoiba est, Deasonmal film, episode Vm diset. Today, Vladimir and Alisa are talking about one interesting person and writing his biography Tatis Matrit Alan epside biography abga RC, Endosen is Vinci, no interiornGn SnachaaKn PatomGemos enimalcaKa bottle, Apata on steel, Wagner Tony Butch. Hannes n Cessna. You Conradic on Siberia. Tisch abutoginerr Somali. What Are you IHS Rabottraf YouTanabott. Wan universita? NonsmoNk engineer a *****. Let's read the dialogue line by line. TmtZim Alissa. What are you doing, Alisa? What are you busy with? Manzna episode Biography, la Blogger, RIC I need to write a biography for a blog about Russia. Nota Ndosonbch is snawknFamous. I Vesn. NoetaNdjenbz is Vis Nichawk but it shouldn't be a famous person. LenVsn no Iterisn. It's better if he's not famous but interesting. Do you want me to tell you about my uncle? Dan? Yes, of course. Snachad at first, tell me where and when he was born. IkakvviKasna, and what his name was, of course, Paton Kemonsmaa, Kem Rabo, then what he did for a living, what profession he had. A Patm Raam tons yellow. Then tell me what he has done, what he has accomplished in his life. Wannib something important. A Let's start. No, lcesna, but I don't know it all if I'm being honest. RadbGad. I know, of course, that he was born in Siberia in the year 1956. On Rabotl geniam he was working as an engineer. Stroo amalote. He was building planes. Vottad Wow. Kakabt What a wonderful job. Ashu. What else? Asichasabte preform, and now he works as a professor. An ab. TochnaEactly. Tchnaabote. I don't know exactly where he works, Watnm Universite at one University. Non Sosame is Wisniski engineer. By was studiante but I know that the most famous Russian engineers were his students. Em Nuznab. That is what I needed. Abcnimicetil ne LudiOdinary wonderful people. Let's play out the dialogue. Manon episte biography la bloga RC, no endzonb is Vinlawc Luke is viasni no interiorn Da Kanesha Snatakadda on adlsakivvale KansnaPtmGemon animalia, camera bottle, apn, on steel, Warner Toni Butch. What Kaka Basin. Are you sure? *******, Lisa. What's your scarci ago? Russo dananum your Nexus nicesna your Cannon, Sto Raduca on Siberia. PPD Tom Gato on Roboto engineer Stroil Somali I CHS on RabotdRraf Then non Rabote adn university Nonito Sam is NskEngineer B studian I don't know who she is. I don't know what her name is. I don't know how old she is. Snake. I don't know where she works. Rabota yet. I don't know what she reads. And nach tat. Instead, I know that she likes comedies. Atoned, and I know how loudly she laughs. Nana. I know with whom she smiles a lot. Baeza. I know whose channel she watches every day. No Chicana. I know how often she makes mistakes. An Cacea Anna Asbeza. I know how long she serves the Internet in the evening. V. I know whom she calls every Saturday. A boot. I know why she has two dogs. Anabai. I know what country is her favorite and what her favorite city there is called. Nuestra Eta prosaic's co pauc 41. Спасибо!: A it. In this lesson, we'll talk about two words in the Russian language. PasbaPajsta. It may be a tiny bit more complicated than this sign. But also, just as much fa Pajasta. This word has many f to be precise, usages and meanings. Firstly, we use it to say, please, when we make requests and ask for favors. Please shut the gate. PajustaZacrot varota Varota meaning the gate. It is also important for you to know, especially if you travel to Russia that the gate that we have at the airport is a different word. It means Wet in Russian. At the same time, the word Wichet means exit. I hope it wasn't too confusing. Another meaning of Pajasta, you're welcome as a response to a thank you. Spiciba Pajasta another meaning, by all means. If someone asks you for a favor, you can respond pajostaO even more often, we say the Paalsta when we want to emphasize that it will be no trouble for us. Bamagim help me. The pajasta Sure thing. And one more meaning, please when we invite someone to enter or go ahead and do something. Go ahead. Come in. PajastaPacad. Go ahead, take it. Pajalsta as me. Go ahead, do it. Pagosta steal ePajsta. Pasta. Please go ahead. Here is your room. Let's practice. Sazz. What to say? You will be given a situation, respond according to the circumstances you find yourself in. Let's start. Spibaa the pajasa a viva pajasta. Spiciba. No confusion here, a plain thank you. But if you want to add something like the thing you're thanking someone for, you will use the word Za followed by the accusative case. Let's see some examples. Thank you for the coffee. Spiciba Zacfee. Thank you for the present. Spiciba Zapadarc. Thank you for the flowers. Spiciba suitiTank you for the attention. Spicibazanmaa. Thank you for your work. Spicibahura boto. If you want to thank someone for doing something like to add a whole sentence, you will use the structure, atto and then add the sentence. For example, thank you for giving me the chocolate bar. Chocolate bar, meaning hucaaka. Spit. Let's practice to for what? You will see another situation. Express your gratitude. Let's start. Thank you for breakfast. Spiciba Zazaftrak. Thank you for buying me this book. Literally, you should say, thank you for that you bought me this book. As we see in the picture, the person paying for our book is a man. Pet No. Thank you for being with me. Literally, we should say, thank you for that you are with me. Sano Was pasiba So Bill SamnoiNetam course Ruski adinmarne. And thank you for being with me. At this course, Russian A one with Marina. Savage antes, Stoa EtamKurgavi chili. Ao anade stata parusqe Ack Dum mocha Barusqegabdi ras with SmogtKadia pomegazinum, use mojote the casatdPrista age, I Von Lin pri la gene, perusce mojitPasna Quam rusk ud E popularit snimebzn culture, EHtbPamo mojitv so Eta em Noga Druge Casta no entrananaceale, et lucent Un Adi Marina Yabdoamt Das crema aaa.