Transcripts
1. 01 Quiz game introduction: This Python practice, we
want to create a quiz game. So user will be asked some
questions with four options. They will read the question and decide which one of
these option is correct. So let's see how we can
do that in this practice.
2. 02 Basics of json files: Now, first, let's just create a project and start
creating or quiz game. For doing that, I want to
go to Desktop in here, go to create a new folder. I want to call it quiz game. Put it over here, go to VS code, go to here and click
on Open Folder, go to Desktop and go to Quiz
game, Head select folder. In here, we need to
create a new file. I will call it quiz dot PY. No, we should decide how we want to store our
questions, right? We may have a lot of questions and we want
to add them to a file. So every time we can load
them and use them, right? So for doing that, I need
to create another file. I want to call it Quis
questions dot JSON. So I want to use a JSON file for saving
all of our questions. And, no, I want to talk
more about a JSON file. A JSON file is
like a dictionary. You can have key
value pair in it. You can have list in it. You can have whatever you
want inside it, right? For example, in here, I want to use a key
bracket, right? And after that, I want to
create a key value pair, for example, the key, I want it to be quins,
right? Questions. And the value of these is key, I want it to be a list
of dictionary, right? So first, I will create a list, and I put it in multiple
line like this. And after that, I can have
multiple dictionaries, like this, another dictionary
and another dictionary. And I want to put them
inside some new lines, so it will be easier to
work with, like this. And this one I want
it to be new lines, so it will be easier to read. You can see, no,
this is exactly like a dictionary that can
have a key value pair. So this is just a list
of some dictionaries, right, that each one of these dictionaries can have
a key value pair, right? The indentation in
here doesn't matter. Just these curly brackets and these square brackets
are important. For example, in the first
dictionary in here, I want to have a key value pair. The key I want it to
be question, right. And the value, I want it
to be the question itself. So I will say what is the
capital of France, right? Christian mark after that? No. For the next key value pair, I don't want to do
it on one line. I will go to the next line. And in the next line, I want to add the options. Again, we need the key. So we say options, right? And the value of it, this time, I want it to be list
of options, right? So we create a list for the value and we add
the options there. For example, London,
after that Paris, after that, Berlin, after
that Madrid, right? So now we have another key value pair that
the key of it is options, and the value of it
is a list of strings, right, that is our options. No, for the next key value pair, I want to have the answer
to this question as well. So I will create a key and I
will call it answer, right? And the value of it, it can be just a string, right? The value of it, I want
to say Paris, right? Make sure this is exactly this one that
we put in here, right? So we can equal it to see if if they answer it
correctly or not. No, for the next dictionary inside this list of questions, I can just copy all of these, and it's really important to copy all of these
and paste it in here because the keys should
be the same for all of them. And for this question, I
want to say which planet is known as the red planet, right? That's it. Now for the
options, I see Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, right? And the answer is Mars, right? No, for the next
dictionary in here, I can just again copy and
paste all of these over here. For the question, I did
copy it from Google. So what is the largest
mammal on Earth? For the first option,
African elephant. For the second, I will put the blue whale for
the third option, giraffe, and for the
next option, polar bear. And the answer is
blue whale, right? So copy it and paste
it over here, right? It's very important
that this answer is exactly with the same
character as this one, because we want to say
if it is equal to this, so you guessed it
correctly, right? You answer it correctly, right? So now, we have a JSON file
that has some is inside it. And this JSON file is a dictionary that has a
key value pair inside it. The key is Christians, and the value is a
list of dictionary. And these dictionaries inside this list has a key
value pair as well. That first key is Christian, and after that, the value
is the Question itself. After that, we have
options as a key. And for the value, we have a list of strings. And after that, we
have a answer key, and we have a string
as a value of it. And we repeat it three times. So we have some
questions to work with. That is how we create JSON five.
3. 03 Loading json file: Know that we have a JSON file that has a list of
questions inside it. Let's see how we can load it. So for doing that, I
will go to quiz dot PY. First and first, I want to
import the JSON, right? Because we want to
work with JSON. After that, I want to create
a function for that, right? So our code will be organized. So in here, I will say dev. Load quiz shins, right? And with that, first and first, I want to add some
documentation. So add tree, double quotation on left and
right side, and inside it, I want to say load quiz shins
from Jason file, right? And after that,
right off the bat, I want to use try except. So our application
won't crash at all, right? It's really important. So we say try and we
want to open a file. So we say Wat Open what
file we want to open? We want to open question
dot JSON, right? You can just go
here, click on here, headf two to rename
it and Control C to copy it and in
here, paste it, right? It will be much better to do it this way so you don't
make any mistake. In here, we want to read
this file, and by default, it is on read mode, but it's always a good idea
to put the R character there. So you won't make any mistake. And we want Python to give this File to us as
this variable name. For example, let's just
call it Pi, right? Or we could just call
it Christian File. This is just a variable that you can name it
whatever you want. After that, we can say JSON dot Load open and
close prances file, right? So what this will do, the JSON library will go through this file and it will
grab everything from it. And what this will give us, it will give us
an object that we can save it inside the variable. And I want to call this
variable data, right. And with that done, I want to show that data. So let's just say
print. Data, right? Let's see what it will give us. But this try give us a error. So that's why we need to
add a except, for example, file not found error, in this case, print, right. Let's just say error, file not found, right? That's it. No, let's
just test that. For testing dot, I want to go here and use that
function, right? It's called load Questions, open and close prances,
and that's it. Now, we can go here,
go to terminal, and create a new terminal. And in here, I can say
PY, head tab after that, it will put the questions
that JSON there, head tab one more time,
and it will put the quiz, that PY there, head Inter. No, you can see. I did give us all the text inside
the JSON file. And as you can see,
it is a dictionary, and inside that dictionary, we have a list of another
dictionary inside, and that's how the
dictionary work, right? But we don't need the
whole dictionary. We need to just
load the questions. So with these key questions, we can get this list
of questions, right? So let's see how we can do that. In here, instead of
saying printing data, we can say, give me just
the value of the questions. So we have questions
in here that is a key and we want
just the value, this list of questions.
Nothing more, right? So with these data questions, it will give us this list, right, because the
key is questions. The key is questions, and
the value is this list. So with that, let's
see what will happen. If we run, you can see, no, it is giving us a list of dictionary of questions
and answers, right? Cool. No, what I want to do, I don't want to show it in here. I want to return it. So
we don't need this print. Let's just delete that and we want to just
say return, right? Return the data is. So it will give us the
list of questions, not a dictionary, right? Next thing that I want to do, I want to add more
except in here because sometimes when you
create your JSON file, you made a mistake in there. For example, you forgot to do, for example, this colon in here. And it will give you an error
when you say json dot load. So that's why I
want to add another except in here except this one, I want it to be Jason
dot JSON decoder error. So with that done, colon, and after that, let's just show print error
in valid JSON format, right? That's it. No, whatever error that this
function gives us, we are handling it
with these two except. If it's through more errors, we can get that error and do
something with it, right? No, we are loading
the questions.
4. 04 Ask question: Know that we are
loading the questions. Let's see how we
can ask a question. So for doing that, first of all, we are loading a
question, and with that, we are returning
something, right? So in here, I want to save
that return inside is, right? Questions is equal to this. This is just a variable that we are saving all the
questions inside it. Now, if you print
these questions, let's see what it
will give us, right? Questions. Control
to save, run no, you can see it is giving us
a list of questions, right? So with that, I want to create a function for
asking a question. So in here at top, I will say def ask
Question, right? And in there, I want to
have an input to tell it which question to ask because right now we have
three questions, right? So we say Question data, right, or whatever
you want to call it. After that, let's
just make some space. And this ask question. First thing that I want to do, I want to add the
documentation, right? Like this we three
double quotation. Display a question and get
the user answer, right? That's it. Now, first and first, I want to
print the question. So I will say print. And right off the bat, I wanted to go to New line. So use backlash N, so it will go to New line, so it will be more cleaner. After that, let's
just change this to a f string and show the question with
a coll bracket, right? So if you look at here, we want to, for example,
show this one, right? What is the capital
of France, right? So how we can get that because
it is inside a dictionary, it is a key value pair. We can use the key to
get the value, right? So in here, we can
say question data, and we want to get the question. We can just copy it from
here to here like this. So with this, it will get this value pair,
for example, right? I will tell you how you can ask the other questions as well because we have
three questions. But with this data, with this key question, we are getting the value
of it and we show it. Now let's see how we
can use this function. For using this function,
what we can do, we can say ask question, and we need to give it a input, right? What is the input? We can say questions number
zero, for example, right? So we are passing the question
number zero in this list, right from here to here, right? Now, let's just delete
this. We don't need it. Now, let's just run, and you can see it says, What is the Capital of France? That's beautiful. We are
showing the actual question. What is the capital of France? No, we want to get the options, right from this data.
How we can do that? I want to show you two
way of doing this, so it will be a
practice for you. First thing, I want to
do it with a counter. So I will say index is
equal to zero, right? After that, I want
to use a four loop for getting all the
options of this question. So we say for option
in question data, know what you want to get, we want to get the options. So in here, the key is option and the value
is these ones, right? So let's just pass
this key there, so it will give us the values and we are looping
through them, right? No, with the ton because
index is starting from zero, but we want to number
the question from first, we say index is
plus equal to one. So we add one to it, right? And after that, we say
print with an FS string. First, I will show the
index with a curly bracket. After that, I will say dot, and after that space, and after that, another curly bracket and
show the option. Now, let's see what will
happen. Control S to save. Now in here, let's just run and now you can
see it is saying, What is the capital of France. And it says one is
London, two is Paris, three is Berlin,
and four is Madrid. That's beautiful, right? This was one way to do it, but I want to show
you another way that maybe many
professionals use. Let's see how we
can do that. Next.
5. 05 Enumerate: See, we did do this with a four loop with an index that we are
manually adding to it, but there is other ways as well. Let me comment this out. So holding ln sheet, drag and drop from
top to bottom, and add a hash tag at
the beginning of them, it will be comment, and it
won't be run by Python. If you like this
way of doing it, I like this way of doing it, you can just ignore this video. This video is just about
the new things, right? For doing that, we say
four, I and option. In enumerate this time, right? So this enumerate will get input of something that
is a ter like a list, and it can add
index to it, right? And it will give us that
index inside this I. We can just call this index, right, so you will understand
it with this one better. So now if you pass the data, the options of these
questions data, we can just copy
the options from here and paste it
over here, right? Control C control V. Now what this enumerate do it will give each one of these options inside these options,
list an index. If you go to JSON, you can see, we have a key that is options, and for the value of it, we have a list of
strings, right? But these for loop, we
don't have any index. We use enumerate to
give them index. This is index zero,
this is Index one, this is Index two, and this
is index three, right? So by default, four
loop won't give us the index of a list, right? But with the enumerate, we are giving each
one of the items inside a list a index,
just like that. We say enumerate and after that, pass the list to it. Now with that done, we have
access to index and option. And with that, we can just print a tote.
We can say print. I want to use
FSString as well for the number because the
enumerate starts from zero. That's why we want to
say index plus one. So it will start from one
and after that, a dot, and after that, show the option
there, right? That's it. That's beautiful.
Less line, right? And we are doing
things automatically not manual increasing
values, right? If we run again, you can see the result
is exactly the same, but we did it in a
professional way.
6. 06 Get answer from user: No, we want to get
the answer from the user and to see if they
answer correctly or not. So for doing that, what
I want to do I want to create a vile through
in here, right? So we get the correct answer
or wrong answer, right? And with that, we say
fresh try, right? We want to catch any error, so our application don't
get to be crashed, right? So we say Troy. We need something
from input, right? So we say input and Inder. I want to say Inter your answer. Let's give it a hint. It should be between one, two, four, after that a colon
and after that space. And this input give us a string. We need to convert
it to a integer. We say int, and we wrap it around prenss and we need
to save it somewhere. I will create a
variable and I will call it choice is
equal to this, right? First and first, I want to check this choice if it is 1-4. So I will say, if choice. Is bigger or equal than one, and choice is smaller
or equal than four. In that case, they
put in range number. With that done, we want to get that option to see if
it's the answer or not. So for doing that, let
me go to questions. You can see we have the options, and they select one of them, one, two, three, four, right? First, we need to go
through this dictionary. The keys options,
get the options. The value of this key
option is a list, and no we want to get
the one that they choose inside these options and check if it is
equal to answer. Let's see how we can do that.
We'll say question data. First, we need to get the key, the keys options, right, and paste it over here. And after that, this will
give us a list, right. You can see the values. The value of this key is a list. So again, we need another
one of these and put the choice there because users see the choice that
is a start from one, but our list is
starting from zero. That's why we need to
minus this by one, right? Subtracted by one. So with that, it will give us a string that we want to
save it inside a variable. I will call this variable,
selected answer, right? Is equal to this.
Now with that done. We want to return if the selected answer
is the answer or not. So we say return the
selected answer if it is equal to the answer that
is saved in or question data. So we say data, and we want to get
the answer from it. If you go here, you can
see the key is answered, so copy it and in
here, paste it, right? So what will happen?
If the selected answer was equal to the answer saved, it will return true. And if it's not, it
will return false. Now with that done,
what will happen. If they choose a value 1-4, we check if the answer
is correct or not. But if they choose a
value that is not 1-4, we say else, right? And in here, we
want to say print. For example, error, please write a number between one,
two, four, right? That's it. No, we need to complete this
try except, right? So go down. In this line
of try, we say except. I want to use the value error because the value error
can happen in here. After that, if this
value error happen, again, we want to
print something. I want to say, please
write a valid number. And I want to add error
at the beginning of it. Error just like that, right? Control is to save. Now we have a
function that can ask a question and tell us
if it is correct or not. We are asking the question zero. Let's just show the result
with a print and after that open and close parents
around the ask questions. So we just showing
true or false, right? Now with that done, let's
just go here and run, make sure you save no, if we put N in there, what will happen, it says, please write a valid number. If you put five in there, it will say, please write
a number 1-4, right? If we put four in there, what will happen,
it says, false. Your answer is false. Let's just run it one more time. And this time, let's just
answer it correctly. Paris, head, Enter. No, you can see it
is giving us true. No, we did create
a function that can ask us questions and
get the answer. Beautiful.
7. 07 Run the quiz: No, I want to create
a function that ask all the questions and
take some score, right? So let's see how we can do that. In here, I want to
create a function. I will call it run, quiz, right? And because it is function, it needs to open
and close prances. And after that on add comment, main function, to
run the quiz, right? After that, I don't want to load the questions in here or
ask the questions in here. I want to do it inside
these functions, so everything will be clear. You can see we have
some function, cool function that
we can collapse, and it's easy to read, right? So knowing here,
first thing first, we need to load the
questions, right? So we say load questions and we want to save it
inside the questions. Right? That's it. Now we have all the
questions there. Of course, call it questions, not question because it will
give us a list of questions. First thing that I want to
check, I want to check. If there is no
questions returned, maybe in JSON file, we don't have any
questions, right? If not questions,
it means if there is no question inside
these questions, variable, print,
no question avapo. And after that, we need to return and don't
continue this function. But if there is some questions
inside these questions, first, I want to
create a variable. I want to call it a score, and I want to put
it to zero for now. After that, I want
to use a print to tell the user what we
are going to do in here. I will say, welcome to the quiz. Game. After that, I want
to use another print. This time, I want
to use a string. I don't want to say,
you will be asked. I want to get the
length of question to tell them how many
questions they should answer. We say n s, right? Question. And at the end, let's
say, let's begin. And after this, let's begin, I wanted to go to a new line. With these two line, we have a a space between them. I wanted to show
that you can use this backslash N at the end
of the string, as well. No, I want to use a four loop
for question in questions, right, what we want to do? We want to ask question
right in here. We say ask question, and we
pass the question there. Okay, cool, right? And what this skill
will give us, it will give us a true or false. And we can save it
in the variable, and I want to call it
is correct, right? Is equal to this ask question. After that, I want
to check it with the I I is correct, right? If it was correct, we want to increase the score
by one plus equal to one. After that, I will say
print, correct, right? But in case of else, what we want to do, print wrong. When this flop finished, it means it did ask all the questions from the user and now we want to
show the results. So in here, I want to
use a print, right? I want to use f string in here. First, I want to have a space between the questions
and this line. So that's why I will
use backslash N. I want to say quiz, completed your score is put
curly bracket there, show the score there. And we want to tell it how
many is score from how many. So we add a slash in here and we show the
length of the quiz. So we say n quiz shins, right? No, with that done, we need
to run this function, right? So we go down in here. We say run quiz.
It is a function. So let's just add open
and closed prances, make sure you save and
no let's just run. It says, Let me make this bigger so you
can see everything. From here. Welcome to Quiz Game. You will be asked three
questions. Let's begin. What is the capital of France? Let's say two, Paris, right? It will say correct. After that, it will say which planet is
known as the red planet? Let's just say Venice, right? So we have a wrong answer. Head inter, and it says wrong. And no, it says, What is the largest
mammal on Earth? Yeah, it is blue whale. So let's just put two in there, and now you can see
it is saying correct. After that, it says,
Quiz completed. Your score is two of
three. Beautiful.
Navid Ansari
