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Mastering the Persian Script: From Reading to Writing

teacher avatar Hesameddin Hadiani, Educational Expert

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Taught by industry leaders & working professionals
Topics include illustration, design, photography, and more

Watch this class and thousands more

Get unlimited access to every class
Taught by industry leaders & working professionals
Topics include illustration, design, photography, and more

Lessons in This Class

    • 1.

      Introduction and getting started

      2:04

    • 2.

      letter الف and short vowels

      3:21

    • 3.

      letters ب، پ، ت،ث

      8:30

    • 4.

      letters جیم، چ، ح ، خ

      6:39

    • 5.

      letters دال، ذال

      5:55

    • 6.

      letters ر،ز،ژ

      7:03

    • 7.

      letters سین، شین

      7:15

    • 8.

      letters صاد،ضاد

      6:17

    • 9.

      Letters ط،ظ

      6:02

    • 10.

      Letters عین،غین

      6:47

    • 11.

      Letter ف

      5:21

    • 12.

      Letter قاف

      5:41

    • 13.

      letters کاف، گاف

      8:38

    • 14.

      Letter لام

      8:06

    • 15.

      Letter میم

      8:05

    • 16.

      letter نون

      7:58

    • 17.

      Letter واو

      4:35

    • 18.

      Consonant ه

      6:31

    • 19.

      Final vowel of ه

      0:37

    • 20.

      short vowel of او

      4:40

    • 21.

      Short vowel of او

      6:36

    • 22.

      Varieties of Hamza همزه

      4:57

    • 23.

      Long vowel of ی

      5:30

    • 24.

      silent و

      3:07

    • 25.

      Double consonants تشدید

      4:15

    • 26.

      Consonant ی

      6:19

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About This Class

In this comprehensive course, you will embark on a journey to master the intricate Persian alphabet, also known as the Perso-Arabic script. Over the course of 25 lessons, you will not only learn to read and pronounce each letter but also explore their various forms, including initial, medial, and final shapes.

The course is designed in a structured format, with each lesson divided into two distinct parts. In the first part, you will delve into the art of reading and pronunciation, gaining a deep understanding of the sounds and nuances associated with each letter. You will also study the different forms that letters can take, ensuring a solid foundation for recognizing written Persian.

In the second part of each lesson, the focus shifts to the practical aspect of writing. Here, you will learn the proper techniques for forming each letter, from the initial strokes to the final flourishes. Through hands-on exercises and guided practice, you will develop the muscle memory and dexterity required to write the Persian alphabet with fluency.

Throughout the course, you will be provided with clear explanations, practical examples, ensuring that you master the details of the Persian alphabet at your own pace. By the end of this comprehensive program, you will not only possess the ability to read and write in Persian but also gain a deeper appreciation for the rich cultural heritage embedded within this beautiful script.

Meet Your Teacher

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Hesameddin Hadiani

Educational Expert

Teacher

Hello! It's Hesameddin Hadiani. I'm an educator dedicated to creating engaging, multimedia-rich content that makes foundational language learning accessible and enjoyable. My materials focus on Languages (French, Turkish, Spanish, Arabic, Persian) IT, and the sciences. I use real-world examples, hands-on activities, and constant feedback to design materials that spark curiosity and empower growth. Join us in our mission to make foundational education! Also follow us on Instagram to check our latest products. 

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Level: Beginner

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Transcripts

1. Introduction and getting started: Hello, and welcome to the person alphabet and writing system course. In this course, you learn the beautiful person alphabet pronunciation and writing system. Whether you're a complete beginner or have some pried knowledge. This course is designed to help you master the fundamental of person script. This course is divided into several lessons, each focusing on a specific set of letters from the person alphabet. Each lesson consists of two parts. In the first part, you learn the pronunciation in different forms of the letter covered in that lesson. Containing initial, medial, and final. We'll go through each letter in detail, ensuring you understand how to recognize and pronounce them correctly. The second part of each lesson is a video word demonstrate the proper way to write the letter and provide some examples of the word using those letters. You'll get to see the stroke order and learn the technique for beautiful Persian alphabet. Along with the video lesson, you'll have to access a comprehensive workbook in PDA format. This workbook contains a variety of exercises designed to reinforce your learning and practice your right in the skill. Some exercises focus on the letters themselves, while others challenge you with word, phrases, and patterns. You can progress at your own pace reviewing the lesson and practicing as much as needed before moving onto the next letter. By the end of this course, you'll be able to recognize and pronounce all the letters of the Persian alphabet. Write the letters correctly, following the proper stroke order and techniques. Read and write basic Persian words and phrases, understanding the underlying structure and rules of Persian writing system. Whether you're learning persion for your personal, academic or professional reason, this course will provide you with a solid foundation in the Persian Alphabet and writing system. So, let's get started. 2. letter الف and short vowels: The first letter of Persian alphabet is Alif Alif is like a vertical line. This letter has no sound. Unless there is a mad sign on the letter. You can see in the left side. It is pronounced as. The right one has no sound. Here we learn the short vowels of Persian language from right to left, A. These signs are located on or on the letter. So for example, we add them to a from right to left Oh. In person handwriting, we have actually four types of each letter. Separate, first, middle, and final. You're going to learn more about these types in the following lessons. The first letter that you're going to learn in personal habit is lip, which is like a vertical line. Whether it is alone, it has no sound. Whenever there is a sign on lip, as you can see in the screen. It is pronounced. The left one is only seen in the first place of the words. Let's learn the short vowels, from right to left repeat. Well, let's write them with a. It's pronounced and O. As you can see, is located above, is located below and is located above the letters. Vener is after a letter, it's pronounced. It has two forms, as you can see in the screen. Okay. 3. letters ب، پ، ت،ث: The next letters you learn from Persian alphabets or B. They all have same Forms. Here, you can see the different types of B. The separate one first, middle, and final. We're going to pronounce the upper right. Ba Ba ba. Upper left Tower, lower left, so. Here is the attached for Ba Ba ba. P t two. Pa P and S so. Let's read the examples. B. B, B. Tap. T. T. Top. The next letter is going to be. You see how to write them. This is with one blow. The next one is with the blow This is a two dots above. And the next one is three dots above. A here, we shall see how to write them in different forms. As you have seen in now, their differences are in the quantity of dots. This is the separate form. This is the first form. Also, this is the middle one. That is how to write it in the end of the wall. Okay. Okay. Let's lose them with short vowels. This is B B and B. As you learned in the Paris lesser. These short vowels are located below and above the letters. P. And Let's pronounce with T. T plus is t. T plus A is t and t plus is. The next one S, A last one. So. In the previous, you learned a p which is pronounced. For example, this is pronounced. This is B plus B which means which means father or daddy. You learned this sign in the Pervis lesson. I live with a mad sign, which is pronounced, and it is also seen in the first place of the word, which means water. Tab. Okay. Tab, which means fever. The next word is P. P, which means foot or leg. P. T. T means it. To top swing top top. You learn these letters. Let's try to write these examples and do the exercises. Okay. 4. letters جیم، چ، ح ، خ: The next letters you learned from Persian alphabets are. We can see them. Here, we can see the different types, the separate first middle and the final. Let's pronounce them with lower vowels. J. Hey. Chao And here it is the first type. Che Okay. Here we can see the examples Budge, et. The next four letters that you got to learn are. Okay. Here we can see from right to left. This is pronounced and the left one is pronounced. Hey, and the difference is in the quantity of dots. Here is how to write them to separate. The first one The middle one. And the final four. Let's pronounce all of them with so vs. J J. J J. C. And o. C. Let's try with the next letter, he he plus I Hey and Okay. And with Hey. Hey. Hey. Let's some examples. Okay. Budge Budge. We learned. The other letters B and Ali in the previous lessons. Badge Toge which means the crown Toge I. Cap, which means the left side. Cap. The next example is it, it. Try to exercise with these examples and do the exercises in the walk book. 5. letters دال، ذال: The next letter, the learn are D and The pronuncation are D and. These letters have two four. First, separate four are same middle and final one are same two. Let's pronounce dz. Here are the examples. Bad Judd In this lesson, we're going to learn two letters, D and Z They're procs and respectively. As you can see the scree, the difference is just a dot above z. Here it is how to write them. This is the separate form and attached. Let's pronounce with shot vowels. Is there that these vowels are located above and below the letters, D, D and D Z plus R is Z Z. And Z. Let's check some examples. For example, which means bad in English. The next one is. Which means. Okay Also the next ho. Do Do, which means separate. And Okay. Which is a good. Oh. Had, which means the limits. Let's learn the next word. Cho. I Do dot means he or she gave D Also the next sport. ZZ. Try to write down these examples and do the exercise of this lesson. 6. letters ر،ز،ژ: The next letter you learn from Persian alphabets or re. Their pronuncations are. Like D, these letters have two forms, separate and first or same and final and middle ones or same as well. Let's pronounce them with short walls. Here are the examples. Rog a bordo The next three letters that you can which are pronounce. As you can see, the difference is in the quantity of spots. Ray has no spot has one and has three both. You can see the two types of y. Separate and the final four. Let's pronounce them with short vowels. Z Z. And Zoo. And Z. Also, J Sure. Let's check some examples. Which means feeder. P means Rouge Rouge, which is a French word means lipstick, Rouge Let's see the next example. D D means pain Dart S. S means donkey. S. The next example B means pregnant Bord Also Barro Barro there which means brother Barro there. Means. In order to profound your learning, try to do the exercises and I'll write down the examples you see on the screen. 7. letters سین، شین: S sin. These are the next letters you learn. Their pronuncation is C and S. We shall see the first middle final and separate form of C. Let's pronounce them with separate form, so S S. And with the first ball Shah Here are the examples. Shava Tires dashed Sass Durst In the lesser, you've got to learn two letters of Persian Alphabet. C and sin which are pronounced and she respectively. As you can see in the screen, the difference is three dots above Also, if here you can see how to write them. The simple separate one, the first four. The middle one. And the final four. Let's pronounce it with some short vowels. For example, S. S and S. Let's with She. And Share. Let's try some examples from these two letters, sin and Shin. For example, S, which means head. Also Sho Sho which means horn. Which means peer. Another example. S S which means night. Tas Tas means fear or panic. Tas. The next example. So Shad means. Dashed dashed, which means dessert. Dashed. Next example. Sab Sass Green Sabs I a sauce means a motion or sense sauce. P means boy To roost. To roost means correct. Write down these examples and do the exercises of sin and in order to be better. 8. letters صاد،ضاد: Here are the next letters you learn so and t. The pronuncations are and Z. This laser has four forms. Separate first middle and final, as you can see in this slide. Let's pronounce them with short vowels. So. Here are the examples, Sad Tazo hast Raad zd Zara. In this lesson, you're going to learn two letters of perch handwriting and alphabet. These two letters are so and zoo and in Persia. As you can see it, the difference is one spot above Zod Here we can see the four forms of sod Zod separate first middle and pile form. Let's pronounce and which son showed voles. S. S and S. Also. And Let's check some examples from these two letters. Sad. Sad means 100 sad Tazo Taz means a position Taz Sha Sha means 60. Shas. The next letter. Raad Raad means exploration Raad The next example, Zi Zi means against Z. A S means insist A S. Also the next one. Saw. Saw. Try to write down these examples and do the exercises of this lesson in order to learn and. Okay. 9. Letters ط،ظ: The news letters are Z. The pronuncations are and z. You can see the different forms of this matter. Let's pronounce them with showed balls. Ta z with the first four taza You can see the examples here, which are tires in the bot T The next two letters and Z, which are pronounced and respectively. As you can see, the difference is one dot z. Let's see how to write. You can see the separate form. The first form, The middle of one. And also the final four. Let's pronounce with some short vowels. For example, T. T. And Also, let's pronounce him with some short boos it a letter Z Z Z Z. Let's check some examples from these two letters. First one, tires Manor tires. The second one Sha Sha, which means fall at. The next, a zapped means zapped. Let's take the next example. In the bot. In the bot Mansli in the bot. Take a look at Nick more. Tap. Tap. And a example. T T, which means the plan. Try to write down these words and do the exercises of and in the book. Okay. 10. Letters عین،غین: A and D. Their pronuncation are. You can see the different forms of A and D in separate first middle and final four. Let's pronounce them with short vowels. And pronounce them with short vowels attached to the first form of A and A. Here are the examples at Bogart. In this lesson, you can two other letters from Persian alphabet. These letters are A and tin. Their difference is one dot above tin A and tin. Their pronuncations, are A and D Here you can see how to write them in the different shapes or pons. The separate one, the fast fall, which is used in the first place of the wall. The medal bar. And the final. Let's pronounce them with short vowels. Actually, has no sound. Whenever you use the short vowels, the short vowels are pronounced. T plus plus a plus is. Let's check some examples. For example, which means perfume. A B which means garden balk R Rs, which means width. Rs. The next example is, which means the foot as. Jo Cut. Jo cut. Which x. You. T Which The Tab B B which means of Bd. The next example is. So at S A which means the S A. These examples do the exercises of this lesson to perform your. 11. Letter ف: The next letter that you get familiar with is f, and it's pronounced f two. It has four forms, separate first, middle, and final ones. Let's pronounce it with shod vowels. Four. Let's see the first form with shoved vowels, a four Here, there are some examples Da NaF Saar par *** fog The next letter is, which is pronounced as well. This is the simple form of f Here is this how to write it. The separate more. The first four. The middle one. And the final four. Let's pronounce it we showed vowels. P plus is f Phi plus A is P and Phi plus is Let's check some examples from this letter. Da Da, which means not. Da Four. Four which means cpt four Fed fired which means individual fired. The next example. S, which means the trip or on. Saar Okay. B. B which means snow Bar The next example is which means zero. S Fas Fas, which is carpet Fas F means slot. Try to write down these verbs and do the exercises of this lesson to learn it as well as possible. 12. Letter قاف: The next letter is called, which is pronounced. It has four forms. Separate first middle of final ones. Let's pronounce it with short vowels. D. Let's see, the first form with short vowels. Here we check some examples. S. In this listen, you're going to learn the litter of This litter is pronounced D. This is how to write it. The first one is the separate four. The next one, first four. And it is middle. And the final form. As you can see, the first and the middle form are so similar to p. But the difference is two dots above this letter. Let's pronounce it with vowels and a Let's check some examples. For example, f, which means poverty. F. Which means depth. I S. S. Which means sting Sack The next example is bar which means the electricity bar The next example. Tap Tap. Means the grave. Ouch Ouch. Means the cha means the cage. TR means the appointment. Try to write down these boards and examples and do the exercises in the work. 13. letters کاف، گاف: The next two letters are cough and go, which are pronounced K and gear respectively. You see how to write them. And you know what's the difference between cough and gof in writing manner. It has four forms, separate first, middle, and final. Let's pronounce them with short ovals, and Here are the forms in the first type, K, and go. Let's check some examples Gerardo Garage. She Garage. The next two letters are cove and GF which are pronounced K and respectively. You can see the little difference in the screen. Goff has one excess sign above it. It is how to write them. The first one is the simple and separate form. The first form. The middle one. And also the final form. Let's pronounce them with short vocals. K plus, plus k and k plus s plus p and g plus s Yeah. Now, we're going to learn some examples from the pool letters. The first example is G G. A. Gear, D. And the next example is. Sag Sag which means Dog Sag The next example, Kb Kit which means the book, Kb. X. X, which means photo or picture. Reg R, which means or vessel. Reg Let's love the Nick example. Garage. Garage. Which means Garage. Go. A Bob means bob, which is a famous Iranian foot. Bob. The next example is. Means the batch. I which means the pus. Hoch och means the soil. O Sach Shachs the dot. Sach. Gas Gora. Write the examples down and do the exercises in the work. 14. Letter لام: The next letter is. It is P and test four forms separates vars middle of final word as you see. Let's pronounce it with short vowels. Also, the first form of the with short vowels. Okay. There are some examples Caloal In this list, you're going to learn a letter from person Alphabet, which is is This is how to write it. This separate for. The first form. The middle bond, and the final. Let's pronounce it with some short vowels. For example, plus A is plus a, and plus s. Let's check some examples. For example, to. Please notice the connection between and Alif. You can see ones here. T, which means the dv. Galt Galt, which means false or incorrect. Galt. Le boss boss. Which means cloth. Le boss. Another example. Tal, which means the heart al The next example? O O means the O. To Sol Sol means the year. So, the year. Pull Pull Bridge. Pull. The next one. Age Lage B or stop age boss. Chan means bold. Bold. The next sale? Along, which means the sheriff. T. Okay. L L, which means speechless. L and the last example. Lab which means leg. Write the examples down in order to do exercises. Also, don't forget to do exercises in the book. 15. Letter میم: The next letter is me. It is pronounced M. Here, we can see the four types of me. Separate first middle and final box. Let's pronounce it with short vowels. Also, the first form. Let's check some examples al Salam Momo And this, you're going to learn the letter M from Persian Alphab The shape you see in the screen is the simple form of the letter. Here is the separate form, which is located after or. The second one is the first pm here it is the middle one. And you can see the final form of the letter. We're going to pronounce it with some short vowels. For example, M plus. It is plus A plus is more. Let's check some examples. For example, al, which means pen or pencill or anything that you can write with. Let's check the next example. Sal Salm you can see the separate form of me in this word. Salm means hello. This is the simplest way for grossing and patient. Sal Mart. Mar which means man. Man. The next one, Sh which is a pn person means. The plural means you all Sh I The next example is M means snake. More Take a look at the next example. Means sadness. To means finish or entire or all. This word has two means middle and separate phone. The example is, which means gust Also, take a look at the Nik example. Means. Hm The next one? Mole, which is the French word means Coach. Mole The next example is. Also, the next example. Means mother M M This fort has two me. In the first and in the last place, M which means ceremony. Mm, which means to bit or The next word Ms Ms means example Ms 16. letter نون: The next letter is called which is pronounced. It has four forms separate first, middle, and final. Let's pronounce it with short vowels. No. Also, first the short vowels, no. Let's check some examples. Senora San an N In this lesson, you're going to learn the letter noon from person Alphabet. As you can see the screen, it is a semicircle with the.in the middle. Here it is the separate form. The separate fall is located after Ali D or Rey. This is the first fall, the middle one. And the final form. Let's pronounce the we show vowels. For example, Na Na and no a a no Let's check the examples. For example, the first word is Shen Shen which means swimming. Chen And the next word is Na Na Take a look at the next example. Nah, H, which means the nail or hand nail. The next one? Sang Sang. Man Stone Sang Zan Zan, which means woman, Zane the Next example. Band, which means and num num means? Name in English. Num. Ball ten Ball ten. Means instinct, B ten. Means breath No. Which means field. Na Na, which means salt. Na. Check the example. Okay. Mod Namd means symbol Node. Let's read the next example, N N means Senster Okay. And the next one means sugar. And the last one means. Try to write down these examples and exercise we also to the exercises in the workbook. 17. Letter واو: The next letter is evolve. It has three pronunciations, and this gular layer, the first pronunciation, which is pronounced. It has two forms separate and final one. Let's pronounce it with short vowels. Let's check some examples va Nav, In this list, you can learn a letter with three pronunciations. In this list, you're going to learn the pozation valve. V is pronounced and has two types in the Persian handwriting. You can see the separate and the final form. So very letter after it's not attached to this letter. Let's pronounce it with some short wobbles. For example, a. Here, we're going to check some examples. Ten ten means the nation. Sabo Sabo means literacy Sabot Sabo. The next example. Va Va means the middle vast. Lack of Lack. Means cancelation. Lack. Let's check the next example. Rav Rav, which means the mentality von Also the next example. Which is an English word means gong Another example. B Bar means belief. Bar And the next part. Nav Nav write down these examples and do the exercises of valving 18. Consonant ه: The next lesson is hey. It has two pronunciations. In this lesson, you're going to learn the pronunciation, hey. It has four forms, separate first, middle and final one as you see. Let's pronounce it with shot vowels, hey. Also, first form with shut vowels, hey, Let's check some examples. Shhh. Team. In this lesson, you're going to learn Hey. Hey. This letter has these forms. The separate one. The first four, the middle one, and final four. Keep in mind that this letter has two ts. The next song is that you got to learn in another lesson. Let's pronounce the short vowels and. For example, Cho Cho. Which means the world. Chacha means the comprehension. A The next example is Ma Ma, T which means moonlight. Mao Also, this example. Shh, which means the king. Hotel. Hotel. Which means Hotel. Ten. The next example. Sha hot Shah Mt which means courage, Shah Mt. Let's check the next example. T T R T R, which is the capital city of iron. R. R. This word has two. This word means Neva. G. Do the exercises of this lesson and try to write these examples in order to pf your. 19. Final vowel of ه: The next pronuncation of he is. It's only at the end of the word. It has separate a final form. For example, Coffee. 20. short vowel of او: Another pagosation of O is. It is pronounced like, but it's written like. When it is in the first form, it has a. In the separate middle and final, it is like valve. For example, a horse sheet an show Roshan. Show, row neck. Another pronunciation of valve is a It is written just like ov, the letter that you have learned before. It has two forms. Actually, it is pronounced like. For example, sheet means the sun set as you can see, the letter after is, but it is pronounced like he J. J. The next one. H D, which is an infinitive means Tweet Take a look at Next example. Show raw show raw, which means the console, show raw. De De, which means course D. Okay. The next example. Show her show her means husband. Show her. Let's check the next example. Oh Rohan means light or clear Rohan. The next example. R R Try to write these words down to practice also to the exercises in the workbook to the best. 21. Short vowel of او: Other pronunciation of valve is well. It is pronunced In the first, it has, but separate middle and final ones are like v two. Let's check some examples. A Mm. Another pronuncation of the letter valve is. In the first place of a war, has a in itself. So the separate four has an L. As you can see in the screen. Also, it has the final four, just like valve and separate one, which occurs after a B or another valve. Here will check some examples from this pronunciation, Rod, which means river, Rod. Means mountain. The next example. Man, which means order or small Man. M. M. Means forbidden M. M. Poo. Pato means blanket or quilt Pato. Hello. Hello, M H. Hello. To Zoo. To Zoo. The next example? Oh oh means of oh. To rock. To means to lie. To. O. A Rota means the village. Let's check the last example. Means he or she tried to write down these words. In order to practice and do the exercises in the book. Okay. 22. Varieties of Hamza همزه: Another sign in person handwriting is Ham s. Here, what Hams look like? It can be on p valve, or it can't be alone. For example, Ma. J As you can see, it has the pronuncation like a The next sign you're going to learn is Hams. The simple form of Hams is like this, the one you see in the screen. Hams has no specific sound. It is seen on on valve On. Or just alone. You can see on or or any other sign in person handwriting. For example, As you can hear, has a sound. So, so all, which means question, so on. The next example is. Mass, which means the problem. Mass. A t Y which means the dream Ya. The native example. Matt which means officer. Matt. Mass, which means the responsible mas. Means. J Try to write these examples down and do the exercises in the. 23. Long vowel of ی: The other pzation of is E. It is pronounced like, and it has full forms. In the first form, it has Alif separate medal of final unlike. Let's check some examples, M machine. As we said before, this sign has two pronunciations. One is that we have learned and another one is. Here, you can see how to write it in different forms. Whenever it is located in the first place of the word, you should put a LF before it. In the other places. It is just like regular. Let's check some examples. For example, one, one, which means glass of water or t or in glass. The next example is, which means the belief. As you can see, we have E in the first place of the world. So used. Okay. The next example is M, which means useful or anything that is beneficial. Fit. So D, so which means happiness, show D. Which means the Earth. Mean Marie which means the patient or M which means beautiful or b, which means beauty. In this word, we have two and one. Machine, which means machine or in person. Try to write them down these examples and do the exercises of the lesson in the 24. silent و: An exception in persion handwriting is. As you can see, it has a valve, but valve is not palos tire. It is parals For example, and oh What exception in Persian handwriting is. Which is written just like plus f plus Ali it's pn This exception is rarely seen in Persian words. But we're going to check some examples like a, which means sister. Okay. Let's check the next example. Ten, which is an infinitive means toward ten. The example is Okay. H. H, which means sleep. Hop. And the next example. Which means balls This word has two pronuncations, Ostohan or Ostefan Do the exercises of this lesson in order to learn it well. 25. Double consonants تشدید: Another sign in Persian handwriting is Tash did. Here you can see how tah did is written. Then you see attached, you should pronounce the letter that has attached it above twice. For example, a vale Ta Tashi is a sign in Persian alphabet. This sign is located above any letter. In case of having th on a letter, you should pronounce it twice. Take a look at the examples in order to understand it better. For example, a val A val the tat is on valve it's pronounced twice a val Let's check the next one. Means stain Okay. T. T story. Tech T is located on, so it's pronounced twice. Okay. K means coin, as you can see, test it is located on cuff, and it's pronounced twice as se fat on Test it is on fat on d d means the road D. D means the matter. Try to do the exercises and write down these examples to learn 26. Consonant ی: The next letter is. It has two pronuncation. In this lesson, you're going to learn the pronuncation. Okay. It has four forms, separate, middle, and final one. Let's pronounce it with short vowels. Also, first of all, with short vowels. Let's check some examples. Listen, you're going to learn the letter, which has two pronunciations. Here, you're going to learn the pronunciation. This is how to write it. The separate four. The first four. The middle one. And the final four. Let's pronounce some short vowels. As you know, the simple short vowels and pressures are A, plus has plus plus s. You. And now, let's check some examples. For example, oh means in person All the makes. Yeah. Yeah. Means Ice. Yeah. Means friend. All the next example. M M intention, M. Okay. The next example is on means the end on L yes the one who deserves. Y. Y. Means. Y. And the last example D. D M. Which means the price. D. Write the examples and do the exercises of in the workbook in order to profound your of this letter in Persian alphabet. Okay.