LEARN how to LEARN any CAD software using Solidworks, Fusion 360 & CATIA

1. Introduction to the class: Hi, Welcome to the learn how to learn any care software masterclass on Skillshare. That designer of a guard software application follows certain set of rules and formulas for development of the application. Except the designer. Nobody else knows the formulas that he has followed to create the software, to create a sense of user friendliness among the users that designers. It tried to make the new CAD application based on the existing most famous good application. This is the main reason that if you understand the architecture of the tools and techniques used in the most famous software, then we are sure that we can operate any other newer software applications. So you will see there is a solid logic behind development of this course and not just assurance that you can learn any software. Hi, I'm Ryan, CPO and Chief Content Designer at inner works. In my 20 years of CAD design experience, it took over 45 years of total work experience in Aerospace. I have seen applications of the tools available inside different types of care software in a variety of different methods. I have trained over 30 thousand students and also have experienced the problems during learning of CAD software. I have designed this enter care Mastery course based on what I call is that mastery triangle. This is the mastery triangle. First, you have to follow a single technique or step as given in the procedure that we will discuss in this course. I didn't decide that tool that you should know for execution of the step, leading to operating the software efficiently. In the second step, explore and discover the tool that we have identified in step one in the interface of the software application. That third step is to use the tool and practice it thoroughly using the standard, simple and the most effective examples that I have given in this course. Then we have to repeat from step one to three again and again until we finish learning that and tear software. Richard has software you wanted to learn. You just use this simple technique and you can definitely learn it yourself. You will not depend upon anybody else. This class contains discussions and implementation of the techniques and procedures on 2D sketches and 3D solid modeling applications. On Gettier, SolidWorks and Fusion 360. You'll see I have laid down the portfolio to learn any software all by yourself. Also, I have created the best examples which will help you to learn the software easily and efficiently. Now, it's time to show you the path and help you work it. So let's jump into the class and start learning how to learn CAD. That easy and most effective v. I will meet you inside the class. 2. Explore and adapt to software’s interface: In this lecture, we're going to see the steps that we should follow while operating a new software. First, you need to explore and adapt to the software interface. We are going to see the steps that you should follow for exploring and adapting the software interface. Before you work on a CAD software, of course, you have to open it by mouse double-clicking on the software icon. This is pretty basic, but you have to click that right icon. It's important to identify the care software icons. I'm going to show you some of the most popular care software icons, which I feel will definitely come in handy for you. This is Gettier Fusion 360, Inventor, which is from Autodesk, SolidWorks, PTC, Creo. Next, these are the world's most popular softwares. And after this course, you will be able to handle all this softwares in addition to any other software, that is CAD software that you want to learn, you can handle it. Let's open the Catia and the SolidWorks softwares. Here you can see I have the three icons of the softwares that we're going to handle in this five days workshop. You can see here, these are the three softwares, Gettier, SolidWorks and Fusion, 366 icons that have shown you. If you remember those icons, you can directly see the icon and identify. Now let us double-click on Catia and open it. This is the loading screen of Katia. And you can see the Gettier has opened. Now let us go to SolidWorks. This is the icon for SolidWorks. I will double-click on this icon to open it. This is the loading screen. You can see SolidWorks has opened up. Now the next step that you should follow is explored the gateway. Gateway is the very first screen that we get in any software. After opening it. The gateway in a software mostly contains the applications that are available in it for us to work, like sketches, Solid Modelling, assembly, surface design, etc. Now let us see the gateway in SolidWorks and get here. Here in SOLIDWORKS you can see, this is our gateway. You can see now this is the pretty basic gateway off solid works. There is nothing present. We need to explore the gateway. For exploring the gateway, you should follow some steps. You should always consider this corner as the starting point because most of the softwares will contain maximum things in this column. You can see when I move over this left corner, here, there are some things popping up. These are the menu bars. You can see this is the File menu, this is the view menu. These are the tools menu and help me know. So these are the drop-down menus which contains few options that we can use in this gateway. Now if we go to Tools, you can see there are few things. Right now. We don't know what are those, but this may be the applications that are present in SolidWorks. We will just assume it right. Now Let's move on. This first drop-down menu is for creating new file and an opening existing files. Now here also we have this new file and opening existing file. Most of the softwares will have the icons similar to this. So as soon as you see these icons, you have to consider that it is for opening new file, opening an existing file. Now, this gear symbol indicates the settings that are present in the software interface. Like for gateway, there is a setting. You can see if I click here, there are some options. If you click here, some options will pop up. You should never, ever select anything from this option. Let everything be in its default. So from left side, we'll move over to the right side. In the right side, there are a few icons here. This first one is some 3D experience. We don't want that. You can see, you can click and see what are all these. This is File Explorer. So many things are there. We don't require those. So we will not see right now, when we will require automatically, we will know. Now let's move on to Katie and explorers interface. We had opened a Gettier case here you can see it's not blank. If it is not blank, then it is not the gateway. So we must get into the gateway. For getting into the gateway of CATIA, we need to close this first file. You can see here this is some product one. We need to close it so that we can see the blank screen, which is for KT S Gateway foreclosing. We need to find out the cross. You can see this is the close icon. You can click here. If you click here, the AB will close. If you click here the file we'll close. Or you can also go to File and close this. Now, this is the gateway which contains nothing, is completely blank. And it is welcoming you to select the application or the things that you want to do in KTM. Now, as usual, I will go to the top-left corner, and from here I'll start exploring the Gettier's gateway. I'll move over to this drop-down menu. This is the start drop-down menu. And here, if I move over and see, you can see these are the names of the applications that are present inside KTM. There are so many applications. If you go to mechanical design, part design, assembly design, Well-designed mole design, and so on. So many things are there. Now let's move over to the other icons. You can see there is something here we are not able to understand, so we'll leave it will go to file. Of course, we can create a new file and open an existing file. And others are pretty blank actually. Here we have these options, which is the gear symbol in SolidWorks. Now when you move out to the right side, everything is blank. So we need not bother to experiment on those. We will just move over to our next step. Now the next step is to open a new file in the software. So you can see I'm giving you steps. You just need to follow these steps. Don't move here and there. Just follow the steps and don't experiment on your own. Just follow this step. And this third step, we have to open a new file. That's it. Nothing else In CATIA for opening a new file. Of course we have senior in the file drop-down menu, we have a new, we can click on this new. It is presenting us with this small box. What is this small box? That is part product, process library, process shape. These are few of the applications that it wants us to select for opening a new file. Do you want to open a new part, new process, new product, new shape. So we need to select new part always in any software. Whenever you open a new file, you may be asked to select what type of file you want to open that is, in which application you want to create the new file. You always have to select part for creating the sketch or solid modelling or surface design and so on. You have to select part. This is the rule. Now we will select part. Click on Okay, always go for the default. Don't select anything. Click on. Okay. And we have opened a new file, which is a part file. This we're going to create the solid models. Now let's move over to SolidWorks. Let us open a new file here. Opening a new file in any software may seem basic to you, but you should be very careful while operating high-end CAD software packages. Because while opening a new file, you may be asked to choose the application in which you want to open, like we have encountered in KTN. Also, additionally, you may be asked to define the units, that is MM or inches unit system you want to select for your new file. So you must be able to identify the correct parameters and choose during opening a new file. Now let's open a new file in SolidWorks and see. I'll click on this new icon. Now, we want to create a new part assembly or a drawing. Which one do we want to select? Of course, I had told you, whenever you are presented with this kind of options, you have to select a part for creating solid models. You can also see the icons. See it is very important for you to identify the icons, the names, and the hints that it gives. You can see here, this is the icon, this is the name, and this is the hint. Here also you can see. Icon, name and hint, which should analyze this things. We can understand what the software wants us to do. Here. There is a single object except part. This is a 3D solid model or surface model. And this is the part interface. Here we will in the tip we can see 3D representation of a single design component. But basically 3D object we are going to create by using this application. If you come here, you can see there are two objects here. And as the name suggests, it's an assembly. Here in the tip you can see a 3D enhancement of parts and other assemblies. If you want to create an assembly, you can select this icon. Over here. In this icon you can see there are some orthographic views generated on a drawing sheet. So we are going to create some drawing. In the tip you can see at 2D engineering drawing typically of a part or assembly. The first step is you should select the part, create the solid model or the Surface Model. Go for the assembly. And also you can use the solid model for drawing. The first step is always to create a part. Select on this part. Click on Okay here. To open a new file. You can see so many new things has come. The entire workspace has been filled. This blank screen in both the softwares. You can see this blank screen in Catia and this blank screen in SolidWorks represent that graphical user interface. That is the interface, or so to say, the workspace in which we are going to create our object. We have opened the new file in both the software's. The next step is to explore the interface of the new file. You can see the steps that we're following. First we opened and launch the software, then we explore the gateway, then we have opened a new file. Then we're going to explore the interface with a new file. Now let's move over to the softwares and explore the interface. You can see here we are in Catia now and now for exploring the interface, you should always move to this left top corner. And from here, you will move over this side to explore whatever things are present all around this graphical user interface. Here we have the usual Start button in CATIA that we have seen earlier. There are various applications present here. If you move over here, there are some minimum bars. And now these menu bars are filled with all the options. Because we have created a new file. In this menu bar. First in the File menu, you can see the tools new, open. You can save the files by using these options. You can print something. And there are some document properties within our bother about that. Go to Edit. We can paste something, but basically, we don't require that now. In view, we have some options here. In insert. There are so many things. You can see here. These are sketch-based features. Here you can see pad. You need to identify the icons. You can see this is a 3D icon which indicates this is a solid modelling tool. Here also you can see this is a solid modelling tool. You can create a sketch, you can create a position sketch. We don't know what it is right now. There are some constraints. We don't know what is this? Surface-based features, features all at deallocated because we don't have a solid model Boolean operations. And so many other things are there. We need not to worry about those we will see later. Now. These are the toolbars. You can see this and test set is a toolbar. These are the icons. By seeing the icons, you should be able to identify what type of tool it may be. We will see that later. But for now, this is how you should explore the interface. You just need to see the things that are present inside the interface. Don't jump into selecting some option and creating something. You just make yourself aware of the interface. That is the first step. Now let's move over to SolidWorks and explore its interface of the new file. We will move over to the left corner. You can see here these are the types and these are the ribbons. This is the features, ribbon, sketch ribbon, markup, ribbon. So many things are there. So these are the various applications that we can access for this new file. Features you can see here extruded boss base. Many softwares will give you this kind of help. This is extra boss. This is basically creating a solid body from a sketch. You can see these are solid modelling features. If you click here on sketch, you can directly see these icons. This is a circle line, this rectangle. If you see all the icons, we know that it is a 2D sketching ribbon. So if you want to sketch something, you have to come to this ribbon. Now let's move on to the next step. The next lecture, we are going to see the process you should adopt for launching and exploring the sketch application. 3. Launch and explore the sketch application: Now that we have created a new file by following the steps in the last lecture. In this lecture, we are going to see how to launch and explore the sketch application in the new file that we are going to follow some steps. The first step is to find the applications minimum. The applications may know contains the applications that are present in the software. The general applications inside a high-end mechanical CAD software. Sketches, where you create a 2D sketch. Solid Modelling, where you use the 2D sketch and create solid models. Surface modelling, where you create surfaces. Assembly design. This application. You can create assemblies from the solid models that you have created in the solid modelling application. Drafting the same solid model that have created in Solid Modelling application can be used for creating drawing sheets using this drafting application. Animation, you can animate your objects by using this application manufacturing, you can create CNC programs and feed onto the CNC machines. For manufacturing. Fea analysis, you can do various types of stress analysis and force analysis by using this application. Sheet metal design is where you create seat metal components. Out of these all applications. Our sequence of learning the applications should be first, you need to learn sketcher. This is number one. Then solid modelling and assembly design. This is number three. Then you have to learn drafting. At last we can go for surface modeling. So this is the sequence that you should follow for learning the software. After these five, you can go for animation. You can go for manufacturing, FEA analysis and sheet metal design. There is no sequence for that. But for learning any software, you have to learn first sketcher and then Solid Modelling. Out of this. In this five-day workshop, we will see how to decode this sketcher. And thus solid modeling applications in 3D softwares. That is, Gettier, SolidWorks and Fusion 360, so that you will get an idea on how to apply the formula that I'm presenting in this series of lectures on any software to learn sketches and solid modelling. And your mind will start to work on its own and start making its own formulas for decoding any software. That is the aim of my workshop. Now the next step is to select the sketch application among all these applications and launch it. Let us say these two steps in our software. This is the interface of Gettier for new file. Now here first step is we have to find the application minimum. And the next step is to select the sketcher application. Now if I move over here you can see this is the start where we had found the applications. Mechanical design. That is part design, a similar design. And we have the sketcher here. Let us click on sketcher. Click on Sketch. Nothing is happening. When nothing happens. In every software there is an area where there will be instructions on what you should do next. Let us find that area. In Catia. The area is somewhere here. Most of the softwares that area will be somewhere here. You can see it is asking select a plane, a planner phase, or a sketch. So it is asking us to select a plane. Now let us keep this on hold and move over to SolidWorks. Solidworks. Here you can see there is sketch ribbon. And using the sketch ribbon, we can create sketch. If you see this first icon, you can create sketch or 3D sketch. If we wanted to create a normal sketch, select on this sketch. Here also it is presenting with these three planes. And if you see here, this is the tip. Select a plane on which to create a sketch for the entity. For a sketch, the basic requirement is a 2D plane. Because whenever you want to draw anything which is a 2D, you have to select a plane or so to say, if you want to write something, you have to have a paper plane is like a paper. You are having the pin, but you require a paper. We are going to select a plane. Here comes the third step. Find the three datum planes and three datum axes. The first step is you have to select that right, the template to create that 2D sketch. There are basically three datum planes, x, y, z, and x. And then f, three datum axis. Here you can see this is a plane, this is a plane, and this is a plane. These are the three axis. So you have to find out these three datum planes and three datum axis in the software and select the right plane. Now in SolidWorks, when we have selected this sketch icon, automatically, the three planes has been highlighted. You have to select the right plane. What is this right plane? Plane means the orientation in which you want to create the solid model. You will understand this right plane when we start the solid modeling process. But for now, let us select a single plane, which is this front plane. You can see we are in the sketcher interface of this new file. You can see here these are the tools which we will use for creating our sketch. Now let's move over to Kate. Here also, we had selected the sketch. From. Here. You can see we have selected the sketcher and it is asking for selecting a plane or planner phase. Now, here you can see there are three planes. 123. You can select this plane. You can see select on this plane. And we are now in the sketch at interface of a new file In CATIA, you can see the toolbars have changed. These are the new tools that has come. This is the profile tool, rectangle, tool, circle, and so many other tools have become instead of the solid modelling tools which we had got in the part design interface. Now, as you have entered inside the sketch of replication, the last step that you should follow. Explore the interface off sketch application. Now, this is the sketch application. And if you want to explore always you should move over to the left, left top corner. These are pretty basic, the same thing. But here, if you go to Insert, you can see this Insert drop-down menu has changed. There are something called constraint, some profile we can make. And in this profile you can see so many tools are there that you can use for creating some geometries. There is some operation, and the same icons are also given here. Maneuver also we can select these icons and also we can select here, there is no problem. Then when you move over this side, There's some exit workbench and there are few more tools. These are some editing tools, these icons we had seen in this operations, you can see corner and chamfer. These two we have seen here. This is the operations toolbar. This is the PK profile toolbar here. Because these all options are present. This is the profile toolbar. This is how you will launch and explore the sketch application. In the next step, we are going to discover the sketching tools. 4. Discover basic sketching tools: In this lecture, we are going to see the basic sketching tools. These tools that I'm going to present will solve that 60% of your drawings. If you master this one tool, you can create any linear ring. Linear drawing means without any circles are curves. If you have spread profiles, you can create by using this tool. Now, which is the tool, that line tool. You have to find the line tool inside the sketch at interface and you need to learn how to use it. There is another tool which is a great help for the line tool, which is that trim tool. In this step, that is for selecting the basic tools, you have to just find these two tools which will solve 60% of your problems. We need to master these two tools. Now we are inside the sketch at interface of a new file in Catia. Now, the sketch IT application will contain many tools, like you can see here. There are many tools. We need not bother about these tools. We want to learn only the line tool and the trim tool. In line tool, we will create lines and in trim tools, we will cut the lines to create our required object. Now let's find the line tool. You can see here something is there, which tells me this is a line. Let's go to insert. And this profile where we can see the icon along with this notation. Let's see, this is a rectangle. This is a profile. Here we have line, the line tool. Click on line. For creating a line, you require two points. This is the first, and this is the second. And you can see a line has been created. Again. You can also click on this icon. Click here, click here to create a line. But once you click here and here, that is select two points, only a single line is created. If you want to create multiple lines, that is a chain of lines, then there will be a tool called the profile. Let us find. This is the profile tool. When you click on Profile. First, it is asking for the second. You can see here click or select the endpoint of the current line. This is the current line. If you select here, it will create a line and also it will continue. So we can create a chain of lines. Click here, and here. Here. Here. It will go on creating lines, edges, select the points. Now if you press on the Escape key, always in any software will deactivate that tool. Click on skew. You can see the line tool has been deactivated or so to say the profile tool has been deactivated. Now select on this profile tool and create such a profile here. You can create this anywhere. This is just a stat. And we have to find now that trim tool. Go to Insert and let's search. Whereas the trim tool always the trim tool and any other tool which is used for editing the object that you have mailed. It will be there in the operations. The editing features. Here, you can see this is operation. You can create a corner chamfer limitation. And the limitation you can see there is prim break, quick prim. We will always go for quick prim. If you see it, trim and a quick trim option in any software, select the quick because it is the fastest and the easiest one. Click on Quick Trim. Now, what is stream does is you can select any portion of a profile. It will get trimmed. You can see it has been deleted. If you want to delete a line, you just select it and use the Delete key on the keyboard to delete it. You can see you can select and delete. But if you want to TreeMap portion of a profile, like it may be a line, a circle, arc or any other profile. You have to use this trim tool. Now let us create, let us delete all this. For selecting. You will have this window. You can see this is the window selection. You just have to draw a box around the profiles that you want to select and delete. Similarly, I'll select these profiles and delete. Again. I'll take this profile tool and create a bigger version of our star. You can see the steps I'm following, the same steps you should follow in any software. I have made a star and I'm trimming it. You also should make a style and trim it. Now, let us take the quick trim. You can also find out the icon here. Of course, this operations icon, which we have found here is there in the real limitation. And the icon is something like this. You can find out here. You can see here, this is the icon. Click on this icon. Now, when you click, you can see it has trimmed. Again, we'll select this and click here. It has trimmed. If you have two intersecting lines, then you can trim one side. By selecting this quick trim, you can see the nearest intersection, it will get trimmed. If you have this line, which is getting intersected by two other lines, then it consists of three segments, 123. So using Quick Trim, you can trim or so to say, delete any one of these segments. If I select here, this gets deleted. Not the same thing we will do for SolidWorks. This is the SolidWorks interface. And here we will find first that profile tool or the line tool. If you move over here you can see this is dimensioning. We don't want that. Here. This is line. You can see here there is no profile. Only line is there. If the line tool creates a chain of lines, we don't need to find the profile tool. Because in every software there will be a tool which creates a chain of lines that is continuous lines. Click here to create the first. Then again, click here to create the second and the line. Again, we can create the third to create another line forth. And you can see a chain of lines is getting formed. Now to exit, we will use the same Escape key that we had also used. Didn't get here. Click on the Escape key to exit. So you can see how I am relating into softwares. There also you have to click the Escape key here also you have to click the Escape key. There also we have created a continuous lines here also we are creating continuous lens. We have made the star and have used that trim tool to trim the lines. Here also we are going to create the star, but before that, we can select all these lines or we can also select single line and use the Delete key on the keyboard. You can use this window selection for selecting all the lines and press on the Delete key to delete all the lines. Now let us create our star. Click on this line tool and create our star. The same star that we had created in Catia. On the Escape key to exit from the command. You can see the similarity. You have to just note down the similarity. Then only your brain will understand that many things are similar between the softwares. Now let us use the trim tool. Now, where can I find that dream? You can just see here always trim tool and the other tools will be separated from the geometry generation tools. These are all the geometry generation tools. You can create lines, circles, rectangle, and so on. So many things you can create here. This is another section where you are going to use those things that you have created to do something. Here. This is the Trim Entities tool. You can see how that remain takes place in SolidWorks. We'll click on this Trim Entities. And as it is showing, we have to create a curve. Select the things that we want to trim. You can see here, you can see the animation. It is creating a curve around to select the portions that we want to trim. Click on treatment it is. Press the left mouse button key and draw a curve. You can see here also you can draw this if we want to trim. You can see the trimming concept is same. You can trim the object at its nearest intersection point. Like for this line, it has been intersected by these two lines. So it represents three segments, 123 segments. So by using the stream option, you can trim any of these segments. Suppose I want to trim this middle segment. Just draw this line. You can see you just have to draw that curve and it will get trimmed. This is how that dreaming takes place. In this lecture, we have learned how to create lines and how to use trim. That's it. You just have to find these two tools. Then, next step, we will move further into creating some drawings. In this lecture, we have created the line tool and also we have used the trim tool to trim the lines. But the workspace has to be controlled for proper viewing of the objects. In the next step, we are going to explore the visual tools and these shortcut keys. 5. The visual tools & their shortcut keys: In every CAD application, there are some visual tools which are used to control how you are going to see the object. There are basically five things that you should explore in the interface for finding out the visual tools. The very first is Ben. I will show you what this all means by using the software. But first, let us list out what are the visual tools that you should first find out before making any sketch or any solid model. That Jim tool, rotate, plane normal tool, and the orthographic and isometric view generation tools. These are the visual tools which are very important for you to find out at the starting of the learning process of any new software. Out of these five, the first three that is banned, GM and rotate, are very, very useful for us to create the solid models. By using this, we can view the solid model in different orientations. And we will have a clear picture on what we are going to make and what we're making. Now, for using this pen, zoom and rotate. Instead of the icons that are present inside the software, we have to use the mouse and some of the shortcut keys on the keyboard so that we can very easily use these tools. Now for shortcut keys, the visual tools basically for the pan, Jew and rotate, we will use the mouse scroll press button. That is, you have to press the scroll. You can use the Rotate of the scroll. Scroll and use the right-click or left-click buttons for activating some functions. You can use Control Shift or Alt button on keyboard. In addition to one of the mouse buttons, any combination of these all options will give you a shortcut for the visual tool. My recommendation will be, don't take much time in exploring this. Of course, you can explore by using these combinations. And you will see that after one or two softwares, you will be able to identify which is the exact shortcut. But what I suggest is, you can move to YouTube and you can search the visual tools in any software, you will definitely get a video which will explain you how to use the mouse or the keyboard for viewing your solid model. That is the easiest way to explore. Now let's move to Catia and SolidWorks and see the visual tools. We are inside that CATIA software and we have activated the sketch application. Now, these are some of our profiles that we have created in the last lecture. Now let us use the visual tools. First, let us see the pen tool. Here you will have this visual tools in view. You can see Pan tool, rotate, zoom tool. You can see fit all in. These are all Zoom tools. Now you can see this icon. You can see this is the icon. When you click on this span, left-click, press and hold, you can see the object is moving around. This is called pen. Now, these are mostly this June tools. Icons will be farmed by using this magnifying glass. You can see this is zoom-out and this is zoom in. Now the next one is rotate, which is this. But before we see rotate, let us see the shortcut key for pan and zoom. When you press the mouse middle scroll button, you have to press and keep and move the mouse. This is pen. You need not to go to the icon and click. You just have to press the scroll and move the mouse. Now, by keeping the scroll pressed, you have to right-click once on the mouse button. You can see the cursor has changed, and this is Zoom. This is pen, and this is Zoom. Next thing is rotate. You click on this icon which is rotate. You have to press the left-click. And move the mouse. You can see it is rotating. The shortcut key for this rotate in the President's. Press the mouse button. You can see this is rotated. If you press the skull and move, this is band. By keeping this scroll button pressed just once you right-click. And you can do if you press the right mouse button at a time and press and keep and move the mouse. This is rotate. These are the shortcuts. Now that we have rotated. There is a visual tool for getting this plane normal to that sketch spleen, you can see these are the two axes which defines the sketch plane. If you see here, you can see this plane. We have created this sketch. We have to orient this plane parallel to our visual screen. So for that we have a tool called plane normal. Here we have to find out. You can see here this is the normal view. When you press. You can see this is a normal view. If you accidentally rotate. You want to see the sketch and then you want to again, use the normal view. So you can just click on this and you will get the normal view, which is the view of the plane that you have selected while entering into the sketch or interface. Now that next visual tools that you should know is the orthographic and the isometric projection generation tools. Here we have it, this box. When you click, you can see this is the front view, back view, and so on. So if you click on this front view, this is the front view. This is the back view. You can see the orientation is taking place. This is the 3D view, which is the isometric view. You can see. This is very handy in solid modelling. Now in SolidWorks, you can see here we have this profile that we have made in the last lecture. Now we are going to use the visual tools directly. We will see that software tools because, because that is the way you should work in healthcare software. For pen, you have to use the control key on the keyboard. You have to press and keep that. And you have to press the scroll of the most. This is pen. Now if you rotate the scroll, this is Zoom. You can see when you zoom, you have to remember wherever your mouse pointer is there that you will take place. Taking that point is that evidence like suppose I wanted to find, you just have to move around this point and you can see if you move clockwise or anticlockwise accordingly, Zoom and unzoom will occur. The Press the scroll and move the most. You can see, this is rotate. You just have to press the scroll and move the most. Now we have to find out the plane normal tool that will orient this sketch parallel to our graphical user interface. For that, we have to find out the tool inside this area, because these are all the visual tools inside SolidWorks. Now if you move over here, this is previous view. This is sectional view which we don't want. Dynamic annotation. This is not our requirement here viewer. In addition, let us click on this arrow and see what all tools are there. You can see these are the various planes by using which we can view the object. We won't use that. Now. See the options inside this. You can see these are the options which generate orthographic views. Here, this is isometric view. Also we have diametric and trigometric options in SolidWorks. And here we have a small icon which is normal to. This is what we want. We want to create the normal view. Click on Normal To. And you can see the sketch has been oriented parallel to this graphical user interface on our screen. Now, if you click here, you can see there are various orientations. This is the top view. You can see these other various views. This is the back view, right view. This is the plane normal. Also. When you click here, you can see these are the various planes. By using which you can view the object. Suppose I'll select this plane. You can see, you can experiment on this and you can find out how that thing looks when you select the planes. But for now, I don't suggest you to experiment on this simple sketch. Then we will go to 3D. You can experiment the 3D visual tools on that. For now, we will require only this option normal to click on it. And you can see this is all about the visual tools. In the next lectures, we're going to see the concept of constraining. 6. The constraints tools & concept of constraining: In every high-end CAD software, there is a concept called constraining, which helps us to make a perfect sketch. We must understand the theory of constraining before proceeding to create this sketch in any software, constraining is restricting that degrees of freedom of an object. Every object in a sketch is free to move. In a 2D plane. You can see all these objects that we have created in the previous lectures are free to move. You just have to hold it and move the mouse. That is, you have to hold by using the left mouse button. You just have to press and give the mouse button and you can move it. These are enjoying all the degrees of freedom that are available. So constraining is restricting this degrees of freedom. So our prime job is to restrict that degrees of freedom. About a coordinate system of the software. This V and H indicates the vertical and horizontal of this sketch. And about these two axes, we're going to fix it. Parameters like dimensions and relations. There are basically two types of constraints by using which we can restrict the degrees of freedom of an object. The first one is dimensional constraints, and the second one is geometrical constraints. Dimensional constraints are used for giving the dimension value to an object like radius, diameter, distance between two objects, length, width, height of the object. We can give all these dimensions by using the dimensional constraints. By using that geometrical constraints, we can give that relations between objects like parallel, perpendicular. We can make two circles concentrated. We can coincide a line with another line, a point on a line. We can create equality between objects like two lines. We can create an equal length, two circles. We can create a of equal diameter. And we can also create symmetric objects about an axis by using this geometrical constraints. So basically, if you want to cube dimensions, you have to use dimensional constraints. And if you wanted to give a relation between two objects, you have to go for the geometrical constraints in any software before you create a new sketch, your first job is to find the dimensional and the geometrical constraints. Where are they present that you have to find out. You have to find out the tools which will create this dimensional and geometrical constraints. Let us find that in Gettier and SolidWorks. We will go to insert because this insert contains all the tools that are present inside this sketch or interface. The very first one is constraint. Here, we have this constraint creation, that is this constraint. And here also there is something but it is dilated. As soon as you select some entity, or to say, so to say an object, it will get highlighted. You can see it is highlighted. Now. You can use this. These are the geometrical constraints in Catia, and these are the dimensional constraints. Both of these, you can find it here. You can see this icon is here, and this icon is here. So this is the dimensional constraints and this is the geometrical constraints. Now how to give it? We will see in the next lecture, let us move to SolidWorks and find out the tools. Here also, we have that tool somewhere. We have to find out. You can see here these are dimensions. Let us check out this. Smart dimensions, horizontal, vertical dimension, baselines. So this entire thing, our dimensions. So this is basically the dimensional constraint. Now to find out the geometrical constraint, we have to see the icons. Here. Mostly the geometrical icons will be positioned near this dimensional constraint icon. But here we cannot find those icons. You can see there is no icon, so it may be somewhere else. When you select the object, you can see many things are changing, but basically this entire left panel is getting changed. Here we have some words like align properties, relations, relations. If you move down you can see the length and angle is shown. You have some options here. So basically this relations indicate these are the geometrical constraints. So you have to find out in this way, when you select the geometrical constraints have shown here, and the dimensional constraints are here. In the next lecture, we're going to create a perfect rectangle. Perfect in the sense of completely constrained rectangle. We will restrict all the degrees of freedom of a rectangle. 7. Create a perfect rectangle: In this lecture, we are going to create a perfect rectangle. But few other things also we are going to do in this lecture. The first thing that we are going to do is we're going to create a rectangle of 100 MM length and 50 MM width, height and constraint it. So we're going to create a completely constrained rectangle of one hundred and two hundred fifty. And then we are going to find that tool for exiting the sketch application. Once we have completed the rectangle, which is completely constrained, we are going to exit the sketch application. Then we are going to explore how to save that file and open it again. We are going to see some colors and messages that we get during constraining process. Let us start creating the rectangle in Gettier. First, let us close this file that we have created in the last lecture. Just click on this close icon or I can go to File and close this. It will ask, do you want to save the changes? I don't want to save. Click. No. This is the gateway that we had discussed in the first lecture itself. And we will go for File New. We'll get this dialog box, and here we will select you can see part. Click on Okay. And Okay, again, now we have entered inside that part design application of Catia for a new file for selecting sketch. I can go to start Mecca mechanical design and sketcher. Also, we have an icon in CATIA which represents sketch. The sketch here you can see. You can also select this icon. And what do we need? When we select a sketch icon? We need to select that plane. Let us select any plane. Maybe I'll select this plane. I can also select this base plane. You can see this is basically the x y plane. Let us select this plane, x y plane. Now, we have to create a rectangle. For creating a rectangle, we require four lines. Let us create four lines. First, I'll click on this profile tool. You can also go to Insert profile and click on this profile tool. Now I will create four lines. Let us click somewhere. Maybe here, and here, Here, here, and maybe here. On the Escape key to exit from the command and break the chain. You can see these are four lines. Of course, it doesn't look like a rectangle. Now, by using the mouse middle button, I will move this object by using the Pen tool. You can see now, when I press the mouse, left-click, we hold and keep on this line. You can see this is enjoying all the degrees of freedom. Let us give the constraints to restrict the degrees of freedom. I've already told you in the last lecture that there are two types of constraints. That dimensional constraints and that geometrical constraints. Let us see now what are those types of constraints? Here? These two should be connected. So I will click on this point for multiple selection in CATIA or any other software. You can select the Control button. You can see these two points I have selected. As soon as select this, this icon is getting highlighted with which is the geometrical constraints icon. You will also get the constraints icon here. This is the geometrical constraint icon. You can also click here. And you will get this constraint definition dialog box, where only the relations which are applicable to two points will be highlighted, all others will be D highlighted. We can use distance fixed, coincident. We want to coincide these two points. Click on coincidence, click on OK. And you can see both the points have been coincide and green symbol has been generated. This is for the coincidence. The geometrical constraints icon is D highlighted. As soon as you select this line, it is getting highlighted. Click on this line. And you can see all the options. All the constraints that are applicable to a single line has come. You can give length to the line. You can fix this line. This fixed constraint will fix the coordinate system of this endpoints, and it will be completely constraint. But we don't want that. We should have some liberty. What do I want to do for this line? I want to create it horizontal. You can see click on okay. Now I'll take this line and I want to create it vertical. Click on, Okay. Now I will take this line and use the Control button for multiple selection. Select this line. Both of these lines, I want to make it perpendicular. Here, I will click on perpendicular. Click on Okay. You can see now we are left out with only this line. I'll select this line. Use the Control button and select this line. For multiple selection, you have to press and keep the Control button on the keyboard. Now, select this icon, which is the constraint definition icon. Here, all the constraints that can be applied to these two lines have come. I want to select parallel. Click on, Okay. Now it is looking like a rectangle. We can give the dimensions to this. But before we give the dimensions, all this exercise that we have done can be very simple. I will just delete all these four lines. And again, I'll take this profile tool. Click somewhere, maybe here. When you move, you can see at a particular area, the line is getting locked and the color is changing. This is locking to the horizontal direction. And similarly, when you move up, you can see this is locking onto the vertical direction. So when I give this direction and click, this edge indicates a horizontal constraint which is getting created for the line that has been drawn. Now, we'll move up. You can see vertical. When you move over here you can see this is tracking line. The line is getting trapped from this endpoint. You can see click and join. You need to create. Here. You can directly move over and join. All the exercises that we have done at the start can be nullified by using this tool. You can use this method to create horizontal and vertical lines very easily. Now let us give the dimensions. Here. This is the dimensional constraint. Click on this. Click here. You can see, double-click on this, and we will give a dimension of 50. Now, again, click on this icon. Click here, click somewhere here, Double-click. This is 100. We have created 150 rectangle. Now let us grab hold of this line and move. You can see it is moving. It is not constrained, it is enjoying the degree of freedom. What do we have to do is we have to create a relation with this horizontal and vertical axis, the x and the y-axis of this sketch plane. For giving the relation, we can use anyone, maybe the geometrical constraint or that damaged or constraint. Let us take this line and use the Control button for multiple selection. Select this axis. We will take that geometrical constraint and both of these objects we want to coincide. You can see now the color has changed. This green color indicates both of these objects are constrained. Now, let me grab hold of this and move. You can see it is only moving in this direction. That is along the horizontal direction. So we have to give a relation with the vertical axis. Let us give a dimensional relation. Click on this constraints. That is the dimensional constraints. Select this axis and select this line. Double-click this to give a dimension, maybe some 50 MM, so that both will be symmetric. Now using the pen tool, I'll move the figure to the center of the graphic screen. I'll press the scroll and press the mouse right-click once to June. You can see this is a completely constrained rectangle. Now let's move to SolidWorks to create this same rectangle. This sketch we have created in the previous lectures. So let us close this file. I'll close this. Do you want to save all or you don't or you don't want to save. I don't want to save this. This is the gateway. Now, let us create a new file. I'll click on this new icon. I'll click on part and click on. Okay. This is a new part file. And here I wanted to create a sketch. Select on this sketch icon. And I will select maybe this plane. Now we are inside the sketch. You can see here sketch one of part two indicates we are in the sketch one of part two file. Now let us take the line tool, which is this. Click on line. And I'll select here. You can see the method that I'm using. The escape key. This is the same way that I have used. This is the same method that I've used to tell you about constraining in Catia. Why I'm doing this? Because I wanted to get aware of the geometrical constraint. You should always make this type of four lines. And constraint need to get an idea how that geometrical constraints work. As we have done in CATIA, will select this point and this point here also for multiple selection, we have to go for selecting control. Now these two are selected. And here you can see selected entities, both of these points, exiting relation means what is the existing relation between them? Nothing. And here we have the, all the relations that we can give to these two points. We can march these two points which is same as coincide in Catia, select Merge. And you can see, I'll use this close dialogue to close this. The figure is completely closed. In SolidWorks. When there is a closed figure, the inside area is getting highlighted. I will select this line. You just see the method that I'm using. This is the same method that I've used in Catia. And you have to use the same method in any new software to get acquainted with the same type of tools. Select here, horizontal. Again, I'll take this line. As soon as I select a line, this left area is filled with the line properties dialog box. Here, we want to add a relation. We will make it vertical. Now, we will select this line, use the Control button for multiple selection, and select this line. Both of these lines, what do we want to do? We want to add these relations, but in particular, we want to create a perpendicular relation. Click on perpendicular. Close this again, and select this line. Use the Control button for multiple selection. Use this horizontal line. Between these two lines. We want to create a parallel relation. Click on parallel. Close this dialogue box. And you can see we have very easily created a rectangle. Now as we have done in Catia, we will delete this. Select All and you use the Delete key on the keyboard. And now I'll select the line again. Click here, maybe somewhere here. And as you move, you can see the line is getting locked. So we can create a horizontal line. Again. We can create a vertical line, horizontal line, and you can drag this point. We will close this. Press on the Escape key to exit from the command. Now press the Control key on the keyboard and the mouse crawl and move this rectangle to center of the screen. Let us give the dimensions. We will use this dimensional constraints. After this, we can use this Smart Dimension. Click on Smart Dimension. Click on this line. Let us give a dimension which is 59 turkey. Again, we'll select this line and give it a dimension. 100 person that enter key. One hundred and two hundred fifty rectangle has been formed. Now is it constrained? We will check by holding any line, press the mouse, left-click, mouse, left button and move. You can see it is not constrained. Again, if you hold this line, it is not constrained. We have to tie them with the horizontal and the vertical axis, which is this. Now here, we don't have the axis, we are just seeing the symbol, but we have an origin here. The left side here. In every software you will find a partner. We get. Which will contain a history of the things that you are doing. You can see this is a sketch, one which we are right now creating. These are the three planes. Let us zoom a bit. You can see these are the three planes. All other hidden. So what we can do is we can select this three planes. Right-click and we want to show it here. This eye symbol indicates can see now all the three planes are visible. By using the scroll, I am rotating the figure. You can see all the three planes have been shown. They're not hidden anymore. Now, we'll select here and use plain normal. We have our axis. Now, we can use this as an axis and this has an axis. And of course in this plane we are now working, will select this line, use the Control button for multiple selection, and use this plane, which will act as an axis. And both of these, what we want to do, we want to create a colinearity between them. The escape key to exit from the command. Now if you move this, we need to give a relation with the vertical axis, which is this. Here also you can see these two lines have changed color. Layer, they were blue. Now that I have converted into black, which indicates both of them are constrained. Just hold this and move maybe somewhere here. And give you a dimensional relation between this plane and maybe this line. I'll give it a relation may be some 50 MM. You can see here. You can also select these three planes. It Right-click. And this is height. So all the three planes will be hidden. This is completely constraint geometry. Now that we have created a completely constraint rectangle of 100 into 50, the next step is to find the tool which is used for exiting the sketch application. Nine SolidWorks, we have to find the term Exit Sketch or exit workbench or exit application editing with the exit. You can see first we will move on to the left top corner. Here we have this exit sketch. Just click on this. And the sketch has been exited. You can see the color and the dimensions have gone. So this is the solid modelling application of SolidWorks. Now similarly, I'll go to get here. Now this is Gettier. And as I have told you in SolidWorks, there is a part tree where it will store the history of whatever we are doing in this file. Also, it will contain the planes. You can see these are the three planes, x, y, y, z, x. And here we have created this sketch, one under this part body, which, which represents a solid body. Now let us find the exit workbench. If you move over here, there is no exit or venture. If you come over here, you can see exit workbench. You can click here. Or you can also go to start mechanical design. And you can select part design. You will exit automatically. But let us click on this exit workbench. You can see now we are in the park design interface for creating Solid Modelling inside KTM. Now that we have exit our sketch application, let us save the file and open it again. Now in Gettier, I will go to file Save As. And in desktop, I will save this file as. Rectangle. Click on Save. The file extension for RTF file will be get part. Click on Save. In SolidWorks. Here we will go to File Save As, and we'll go to desktop here also, we will save this file as rectangle. The file extension for solid part file will be SLD part. Click on Save. You can see here the filename is given here. Let us close this file. So now SolidWorks interface is completely clean and the gateway has been displayed. Similarly in Catia, we will close this file. This is the gateway. Now let us open the file, click on File, Open. Go to desktop. And we have the file here. You can see it rectangle.js part. Click on Open. The file has opened. Similarly, we'll go to SolidWorks. Click on Open, go to desktop. And here we have rectangle dot SLD part. Click on open. And the file has opened. Suppose we want to enter inside the sketch, you just have to double-click on this rectangle. We have entered inside the sketch application of SolidWorks, which contains the rectangle that we had constrained. Katie also, when you double-click on this sketch, you can get into the sketcher interface. Now let us discuss the colors and messages that we get during constraining. This figure is completely constrained in Catia. Suppose, let me take this line, use the Control button for multiple selection and take this axis. When you select this and go for a coincidence. Click on Okay. You can see there are some colors. This color indicates inconsistent geometry, which indicates that you will have already, we have already given a dimension 50 from this line to this axis. Again, you are saying that these two are coincident. It is an inconsistency. So either you delete this or you delete the constraint, which is coincidence as displayed here. You can remove a constraint in Catia by just selecting the geometrical constraint or the dimensional constraint and use the Delete key on the keyboard. Other, I want to delete this geometrical constant which is coincident. Click on the geometrical constraints and delete. You can see now it is green again. Green indicates the geometry is completely constrained. You will get many errors or messages and also these colors, which indicates you have, you have not given the constraint properly. Let us take the dimension. Here. I have given from this axis to this line as 50. Suppose I take this axis and I'll take this line. You can see this is called over-constrained. Already we have given 5100 here. Why we need to give 50 here? 50 plus 50 is go to a 100. So any one of these three we should delete. We can select any one and delete. So somebody I select this dimension and delete. Now the figure is okay. You get colors when you give over constraints and also you give some inconsistent constraints. So whenever you face any colors on any messages that indicates you have not done the constraining properly. Just check your drawing in SolidWorks also, if you see here, let us bring back our plane. I'll bring back this front plane. Again. This plane. You can see these two other planes. Now. Here I will take this line and I'll take this plane. Both of these can be made colinear. Click on co-linear here that have some messages. There are so many colors here. And here there is also a message, the sketches over defining, click here to resolve the conflict. But we know what is the conflict. You can select here. Undefined and diagonalize. It will give you some options to solve your problem. The first option that it gives us, you can see here there are two results. First option is accepting the solution will delete the following relation. So this distance will be deleted. You can see, but we don't want to delete that distance. Now the next solution is you can delete this colinearity. So you can just accept this. Now your sketches, okay, let us undo. There is also a shortcut because we know what is creating the over-constrained. So we can select this edge. And you can see here, the relations that have been given to this line is coming here. We can delete this colinearity as soon as you select this colinear. Can see both of these are getting highlighted. Just right-click and delete. Now you can see the sketch is completely constrained. In SolidWorks, a completely constrained line object will be off black color. In the next lecture, we're going to practice on a simple example that we will get a clear picture on constraining, on creating some geometries and also the interface of the CAD software. 8. Practice Example set 1- Example 1.1: In this lecture, we are going to create Example 1.1, which is this drying. We are going to create a fully constraint geometry. For this example. This we're going to do simultaneously using SolidWorks and Katia. Do remember that I am teaching you that technique. Don't focus on learning the software. Focus on learning the technique. I'll show you the examples simultaneously so that you will get a clear picture on the relation between the tools that are used in, in one software with the other software, you have to just focus on the similarity and that similarity you have to use in any other software. Let us start. First, we will create the boundary, which is this, this, this, you can see this is the entire boundary, this n boundary we will create. And then we will go for this interior things. Let's start. Let us open a new file in Catia. It will be the part file. Click on Okay. Click on Okay. Again, we will use sketch. Select this plane. Now we are inside the sketch and application of new file of CATIA. Let us create the boundary. If you see the drawing here. We want to create this boundary. Let us start with creating a rough sketch of this boundary. We will create this entire thing. Let us do it. Will take profile. Click here. We'll create a horizontal line, vertical line, another horizontal line, vertical. This horizontal line you will create and drag this point and join. This is the rough sketch. I will go to SolidWorks. Here also will create a new file, a new part file. Click on okay. We will take sketch. We'll take this plane. Will take line and create a rough sketch. Click here. Horizontal line, a vertical line, another horizontal, vertical line. And we will drag this point and join the Escape key to exit from the command. You can see we have a rough closed sketch. Now let us give them dimensions. Now if you see here, this is 15 MM and this is 25 MM. So we have got the dimension of this step. Next, This entire thing is 100. This entire thing is 60. With these dimensions, we can constant the boundary. Let us see in Catia, let us constraint this boundary. Whenever you attempt any sketch, first, create the relation with the coordinate system. I wanted to keep this line on this axis. Will use coincidence. Again. This line, this axis, coincidence. Click on OK. You can say both of these are coincident. They have turned into green. Now let us give the dimensions. You can select this dimensional constraints, and I'll select this line, will give you a value of 25. Again, we'll select dancer constraint. Select this line. And we'll give you a value of 15. Enter. You can see all these are constraint. Now we are left out with these two lines. You might have seen whenever I click this, you have to click once and then give the dimension once again, go for clicking this. If you want to lock the activation of this tool, then just double-click. In Catia. You can see this dimension is 660. Enter here this orange indicates the two least active. Just select this line, double-click and give the dimension. This is 100. Pressing the Escape key to exit from the command. The boundary is completely constrained, which is displayed by the green color. Now this boundary we will constraint in SolidWorks the procedure that I've heard in Catia, I will use it here in SOLIDWORKS. Your job is to see the same process is applicable here or not. So that you will have a clear idea on that technique. And not that tools. Tools are just not things which are there for implementing NAT techniques. You have to learn the techniques pushed AND gate here what I have told you is you have to create the relation with the datum is. For displaying the datum axis. We can use this plane, the frontal plane, and this is the right plane. Both of these we will unhide. Now, I'll take this line, use the control key for multiple selection, select this plane. And I'll use colinearity. Again. Put us on the escape key, or you can also click the tick. I'll select these two entities or objects and colinearity between them. Now let's hide this so that we can see over sketch clearly. Here also you can see this line and this line has, have changed their colors to black. Now let us give the dimensional constraints, will take the smart dimension and let us give the dimensions. First. Let us give this dimension 25 Enter. Again. This dimension will give which is 15. Enter. Now, this entire thing is 60. This entire length is 100. You can see the sketch is completely constrained. Here. There is a notation which says fully defined. This means the sketch is fully defined or fully constrained. You can also see this, but I recommend seeing the colors. The entire sketch is black, that indicates it is fully constraint. Also, you can just hold that line and move by using the left mouse button. You just press and keep the left mouse button, hold our object and move. That way. Also, you can find out a object is fully constrained or not. Now let us create the inside objects of this drink. First, let us create this rectangle, which is 20 into 25. And it is positioned at 35 mm from this line and 20 MM from this line. Let us see, will take line and create a rectangle. Or also you can take this rectangle. Click on this rectangle tool, and simply click here and click another point to create a rectangle. You can see. Now, let us give the dimensions, will take dimension. This dimension is 25, this is 20. Now from here, this line, this dimension we have been given as 35. From here to this line. This dimension we have been given as 20. You can see the sketch is fully defined and tear thing is completely constrained. Now the same rectangle, I'll create an Catia. You can go to profile tool and create four lines. Or we have this rectangle tool here also, you can create the rectangle by clicking onto diagonal points. Click here and another point to create a rectangle. Now I'll double-click on this constraints, which is the dimensional constraints to lock it. And I'll give the dimensions. This length is given as 25. This is given as 20. Again, from here to here. This dimension is given as 35. From here to here. This dimension is given as 20. You can see the rectangle is completely constrained. Just see that technique. I'm constructing a rectangle in SolidWorks and in Catia. The process is same, but only the tools as slight different focus on the process. Now let's move to the next geometry. Here. We will create this rectangle and this rectangle here. For creating this profile, we have to create two lines and constraint them by using 1540. Then we have to create this and constant rate by using this 261510. Let us do it and see. Gettier will take this profile tool. Click somewhere here on the line, create a vertical line. And we'll move over here and click somewhere here. As you are a newbie for the software. So you can click somewhere here that there are no automatic constraints created and it won't be having any inconsistencies. After I create such a line, we can use the trimming option and trim this extra portion. Now, just click on dimensioning. Will take this dimension, which is given as 15. And again, we'll take dimensioning and we'll select this line, 40 MM. Let's move over to SolidWorks. Will take line tool. Select this line. So it will create a point on that line, will move downwards to create a vertical line. And again here also, if you want, you can click here so that perfect line will be generated. But if you are not able to create, you can click somewhere here, the escape key, and we will go for trimming. Click on trim entities and trim this object. Now, let us give the dimension. This dimension, we have been given as 1515. And we'll take this line. This is of dimension 40. You can see the rectangle is completely constrained. Now, we'll take line and click somewhere on this line. Create a vertical line. Click somewhere here. Create a horizontal line. And again, a vertical line may be somewhere here, but it's on the Escape key. Will take three, meant it is. And trim this portion. The Escape key because streaming is complete. Now, we'll take smart dimension from this line to this line. The dimension has been given as 15. You can see here this is 15, this is ten, and this is 26. From here to here, this is ten. This dimension is 26. This sketch is completely constrained. The Escape key to exit from the command. In SolidWorks, we have completed the sketch. Now let's move over to Kate here. And here also we will take profile. Click here. Move down. We'll create a horizontal line and a vertical line. Press the escape key. We'll go for trimming. Trim this line. Now, double-click on dimensioning. From here to here. This dimension is 15. This dimension is ten MM. This length is 26. With this, we have completed the example 1.1. You can see that as I have created this example 1.1 simultaneously in both these softwares, that is KTN SolidWorks, you can see there are various similarities between the tools and the process that we are using for creating the constraint geometry is exactly the same. This process is same for any software. This is the logic behind creating this course. You have to learn the process or the technique, which is the real secret for learning any software. In the next lecture, we are going to start creating circles. 9. Create a circle: In this lecture, we are going to create circles. First. We are going to find the circle tool inside of the sketch application. And then using that tool, we are going to draw a circle. And finally we're going to constrain it completely. Let us do that in Catia. You can see this is the gateway of Catia. So I'll open a new file. And I have to enter inside the sketch application. So I'll select this icon, which is the sketch, and select a plane. I'll select this plane. Now I'm inside the sketch application of Catia. For finding the circle tool. It is pretty easy because wherever the Profile tool or the line tool will be there, the circle will be positioned near to it. You can see here, this is a profile tool and we have the circle here, katya, you can also move over to this profile and you can get circle here. There are so many circles, but the important thing is the circle, the complete circle. If we know how to create a complete circle, then we can always use the Trim option to trim and create semicircle or any part of the circle or a combination of circles. I'll click on this circle tool. And maybe I'll click somewhere here to create the center point and drag. You can see circle is formed. Now let's move to SolidWorks and find the circle tool. This is the gateway of SolidWorks. So I'll click on New. I wanted to create a new part, select part. Click on Okay. Now we'll go to Sketch and click on this sketch icon. Maybe I'll select this plane. Now as I told you, if you want to find the circle tool, you just move over near to the Line Tool. You will always find the circle tool. Near the line tool. Here you can see this is the circle tool. It is showing how to generate a circle. Just click on this circle icon and maybe I'll click here and drag. You can see Circle has been generated, press on the Escape key to exit from the command. You can see here, this is the circle. Now, for constraining a circle, we require three regressions. First is the radius or the diameter, which is a dimensional constraint. Second is the position of the point. That is the central point. We have to position the center point. And we have to give the dimension to this circle. For positioning the center point, we require the reference with the x-axis and the y-axis. Let us give that, let us first coincide the center point with the origin. To constrain it. Circle's center point will be 00. Select this circle center point, press on the Control key. And we have an origin here you can see select both of these points we want to coincide. You can see now we just need to give the dimension. So we'll take smart dimensioning and select this circle. We can give the diameter here. Click. And maybe I'll give you a diameter of some 100. But it's in the Escape key to exit from the command. You can see here the sketch is fully defined. Also the color is black, so the circle is completely constrained. Let us now, under this constraining. Now let us give the dimensions of the center point with relation to the axis. For doing that, we can use horizontal dimensioning. Between this point and this point. You can see this is the horizontal dimensioning. Click. And maybe I'll give some dimension as 60 MM. Now, we will take this dimensioning. What Tikal dimension between this point and the center point. This value is also maybe some 60. You can see I'm able to give that dimension. You can also use this smart dimensioning. There is no problem, but I wanted to show you what is the horizontal dimension and what is if vertical dimension. As the name suggests, horizontal dimension is used for giving dimension between two objects in a horizontal axis and vertical dimension. We will give the dimension in a vertical axis. Now, let us take Smart Dimension and give the diameter to this. This diameter is some 100. We are giving three things to constraint. The circle. First is the diameter or the radius of the circle, then the position of the center from the x-axis and from the y-axis. Now let us move over to Kate and do the same here already the circle we have created. Now let us select this point, that is the center point of the circle, and select this origin point. Use the Control button for multiple selections. These two points we have selected. Now, let us take this constraints coincide. You can see now just give them diameter or radius. Double-click and I'll give you a diameter of some 100. So you can see this is green, so it is completely constraint. Now let us undo. For undoing a operation, you can always use the Control plus G key on the keyboard. You can also use these icons. In every software this icon will represent. Now let us take dimensioning. Double-click on this dimensional constraints. And let us give this diameter is 100. Now let us give the position from this horizontal axis to this point. This is 60. From vertical axis to the center find. This is also 60. This is how a circle is made and it is constraint completely. The next lecture we are going to practice an example. 10. Practice Example set 2- Example 5: In this lecture, we are going to see the applications of circles using example five. We are going to generate this drawing. Let us create the drawing in Catia. Here. First we are going to create this boundary which is a rectangle. The rectangle is off AT, into 30 MM. Let us create a fully constraint geometry of the rectangle. I will directly use the Rectangle tool, or you can also go for four lines and create the rectangle. Let us take rectangle tool directly and create a rectangle, something like this. In this type of drawings, it is always beneficial to create the circle center at the origin. The rectangle or so to set the boundary must be symmetric with respect to the axis. What we will do is I'll double-click on dimensioning and let us give the dimensions first. This dimension is 30. Again, this dimension is 80. Now let us hold that drying and move it to create it symmetric with respect to this axis. Now to create it's symmetric. There are some constraints which you can use. There is a symmetry constraints. Most of the softwares are having it. You can search for it. For getting the symmetric constraint, you have to select three elements. First is, I lose the control key for multiple selection, the elements which are going to be symmetric. Then the third object is the axis about which it is going to be symmetric. One does symmetricity mean? Suppose this is 80 from this axis to this line, it will be 40. Again, from access to this line will be 40. You can also give the dimensions. But I wanted to show you the symmetric constraint, which is very useful. Now after selecting these three elements, do remember, first is this element, second is this element. And then about which axis we're going to create these two elements as symmetric. This is the symmetric axis. I'll select this, which is the geometrical constraints. And here we have symmetry. Click on symmetry, click on Okay. Now you can see it is completely symmetric. If I delete this AT and the symmetric relation is there. If I move this, you can see this line is completely symmetric. This line about this center axis. Now let us undo to bring back our dimension. You can see that I mentioned AT has come. Now the same symmetricity I'll apply for this line and this line about this axis. Symmetry. You can see the rectangle is completely constraint and it is also symmetric about the axis. Now, let us see that drying here we have three circles. The axis of positioning of this centers is 15 MM from this line. All these three circles centers are in a single line. Let us create three circles. First, I'll take circle and position that circle here. Here you can see during creating some elements, what will happen is you will get this Auto constraints. If you move, you can see here it tangency constraint has been developed. I want to remove this, select this, and delete. When you move. You can see now I'll take this circle center and use the control key for multiple selection. Select this horizontal axis. I'll go for a coincidence. Similarly, I'll take the circle center, press the Control key, select vertical axis, and I'll go for a coincidence. You can see the circle center is positioned at the origin. Let us go for undo. During create another circle. You can directly select the origin. You can see here at 00, the origin, we're going to select the center of the circle. Select and create a circle automatically. The circle center has been positioned at the origin of that drawing. Now we just have to give the diameter. In the drawing you can see the diameter is 20. Double-click and here we will give you a dimension of 20. Now let us go for the other circle. I'll select this circle and click here. We'll take this point. Use the control key. And we'll select this axis. Here. We'll go for coincide. You can see, if you see the dimensions. The diameter is ten mm and the position is 59 mm from this segment. Let us give the position first. From this side, this center point. This is 59 mm and the diameter is tenement. The circle is completely constrained. Similarly, I'll take another circle positioning is somewhere here. Now I'll take this point and this axis. Incidence. Again, we'll take dimension. The diameter will give us ten. The position of the circle. If you see here, the position of the circle is 65 MM. From this end. We'll take this point and this line. This is a value 65. You can see we have completed our complete drawing, which is fully constraint sketch. Let us go to SolidWorks. We are inside the sketch application of new file in SolidWorks. Here also will take rectangle, click on this rectangle. Will make a rectangle, something like this. And as I have told you, to create the rectangle symmetric about the axis. Let us create the symmetricity. Let us search for the symmetric constraint. Select this line, select this lane about this center point. Here. In add relations, we are not getting any symmetric relation. So in SolidWorks that symmetric relation is not present. So we will go for our usual meter, will give the dimensions. Now, this dimension is 80 and this dimension is given as 30. Let's zoom a bit. Now. Let us give the dimension, will take dimensioning from this line to this 0.15 MM. Again, from this line to this 0.40 rectangle is completely constrained. Now we will go for that circle. Select circle will create a circle somewhere here. By using constraints, we will coincide this point with this origin point. You can see coincidence. Now. We can give the dimension. The diameter of this circle is 20. You just relate the process that I've used in Catia with the process that I'm adopting in SolidWorks, the process is a 100% same. Only few tools may be missing in some software and it will be existing in some other software. But the basic processes, these are the techniques that you should follow while operating any new software. Here, if you see this circle, it is black, so it is completely constrained. Now let us take another circle, create the circle somewhere here, not the circle center. And this circle center has to be in a single line. We can display the center plane, which is this front plane. You can see right-click. And here show this is the center plane. So we can use the center plane and coincide this point with this plane. Coincident. You can see now we'll take the dimension. The diameter is given as the position that is from the center. This line, this is given as 15. Now let us take another circle and draw somewhere here. We'll use the same process that we have used in CATIA. Will take this pint, use the control key, select this plane, hand. We'll use coincidence. Now let us take smart dimensioning. This point from this edge. This is our dimension 65. Now let us give that diameter, which is minimum. But here you can see that radius of radius or diameter of this circle is equal to this circle. Why should we give two times? We will select this dimension and delete it. Now let us take this circle, use the Control key and the circle. Both of the circle will use equal. What has happened is both of the circles have been given the same radius value. This is also possible. You can give equal radius. Also, you can give equal length to two lines. But this equal is not there in get, Yeah, It doesn't work efficiently in KTN. Some tools, maybe they're in some software and it may not be there in some software, but overall technique is same. You can see here, this is a completely constraint geometry that we have created in SolidWorks. And the process that we have used is exactly same as CATIA, but some tools here and then there will be some difference. The next lecture we're going to see examples six. 11. Practice Example set 2- Example 6: In this lecture, we are going to see how to create this example six. This is the drawing that we're going to create. The dimensions are very few, but the technique that we're going to use is important. First, we will create this circle on both of the sides and at a distance of 40. Let us create a circle at this origin directly. And we will give the dimension. This is of 40 diameter. Here. We can also feed the radius. Click on Okay. Now we'll take a circle again. We can trace the axis here. But this is for advanced users. For you, you can create it somewhere here. And click the center. And this horizontal. We will go for a coincidence. Now. We'll take dimension. This radius value is 20. Now the distance between these two finds is given as 40. Now let's take two lines. Will use this line tool. Create a line here, and create another line here. We'll make this line tangent to this circle, will take line. Use the control key for multiple selection and select this circle. This is tangency. Again, we'll take line and the circle. Both of these tangency, again, this line and this circle tangency, line and circle tangency. You can see everything is green, so it is constrained. Now, we'll take this quick trim. You can also double-click to lock this so that we can use it repeatedly. I'll double-click on this icon to lock it. Select this line. And this line. We are removing the unnecessary portions. You can see during dreaming also, you have to follow a process. You have to trim from one side only. Don't trim here and there. Otherwise it will create some elements which you cannot trim. If you turn them, then the entire constraints will be removed. You can see the outer boundary we have created. Now this inner one also you can create in this same fashion. But in some softwares, like in Catia and also in SolidWorks, we have a tool which you can use for directly creating this type of feature. Here you can see elongated hole. This is the same feature that we have created here. So we'll click on this elongated hole, select this origin point, and select this point. You can see even the dimension also has been generated. You just double-click and give the diameter, our radius. That is dynamic. The sketch is completely constrained. The same thing we are going to do in SolidWorks. Here we are inside the sketch application of a new file in SolidWorks. Here, we'll take this circle and we will create the center point at the origin. You can see. Now will give the dimension to this. We'll use the smart dimensions. Select the circle. This diameter is 440, enter. The circle is completely constrained. Now you can see, I'll take another circle. Maybe you can see it is tracking the origin point. You can click here, or maybe I'll click somewhere here. And gender another circle. Now, as we have done in Catia, we have used the axis and we have coincide with the center point on the axis. You can do that by using the plane that is there here. This front plane. You can just show this front plane and coincide the center point onto the plane. But I'm going to show you another option. You can select this point, which is the center point of a circle of the first circle. This point, center point of the second circle. And both these points, I'm going to give a relation as horizontal. So both of them are positioned in a horizontal axis. Now, I'll take this circle and use the Control key on the keyboard and select this circle equal radius. Now just we have to give the distance between this point, the center point, which is 440 Enter. You can see, now let's create the two lines. You can use the snapping feature of a software. If I move over to this point, you can see it is choosing the quadrant point. Click. And again, you can also click here. But it's on the Escape key. You can see this completely constrained. What it has done is it has taken the quadrant point of this circle and it has created a horizontal line so that automatically it is tangent shell with this circle. As usual, like we had done in Catia. You can take a line, something like this. Press on the escape key and you can give tangency. I'll take this circle, use the control key for multiple selection a line and give tendency. Again, circle, line, tangency. You can see now we will take trim and select this line and this line. Now let us select all these lines to trim. We have created our boundary. Now as we have done in Gettier here also we have the similar option. It is called straight slot. When you select the stretch slot, there are many options, but we did not see those. We will only see this option. It just select the center point. And we select this center point. You can see now we just have to give the dimension, will take smart dimensioning. Select this arc. This is of radius ten. So with this, we have completely constrained the sketch. This completes our example six. Here I could have used many complicated drawings, but I want you to understand that concept. For drawing any geometry in a software, there is a simple technique. You have to understand that technique. This same technique whenever you apply in any other software, you will be very easily able to learn it. Here you can see in SolidWorks, we have used some tools. And in Katie also we have used some tools. But the procedure of creating the sketch is very, very same, or so to say, exactly same. This is what I want you to learn. In the next lecture, we are going to explore reference elements and gardener editing tools. 12. Explore reference elements & Corner editing tools: In this lecture, we are going to explore the reference elements and the corner editing tools. Reference elements are used for converting normal elements into reference. We will see the application part of this reference elements in the next example, which will be done in the next lecture. But for now, we have to know how to create this reference elements. Then we will find the chamfer and the fill AT tools, which are the corner editing tools. And we will see the application of this chamfer and fill it by using the rectangle that we have saved earlier. Let us first create the reference elements. Let us create some elements. Now, if you want to convert this into reference that is not part of the active sketch, then you have to select this and select Convert to reference element icon. You will find the reference elements in this sketch toolbar, which is this icon you can see this is the sketch tools. In the sketch tools, you will have this reference elements here. Select this line and click on this. You can see it has converted into this dashed line. This is the reference elements. And once you exit this sketch workbench, you can see that line has been hidden because it is a reference element. That line has been used as a reference to, to create the other elements of this sketch. Now again, double-click on this sketch. You can see the line is here. If you want to make it solid, then again, you have to select this and select this icon. Now to find this icon in Catia, you can just right-click and you have this sketch tools. In Sketch Tools, you have this icon here. This is the meaning of reference elements. And in Catia, the reference element option is here. Now let us find it in SolidWorks. Here also we will create some elements. These are few lines. Person the Escape key to exit from the command. Now, just select any line, maybe this line. And as soon as you select it, you will get this small toolbar. You have the construction element here. Click and you can see it has been converted into construction elements or reference elements. The application of this reference element we will see in the next example that we are going to create. But now, this is the way we can create reference element in SolidWorks and in Catia. You can find this reference element in any software. You can see the icon. You can also study the icon and know what the tool is. Four, here, there is a solid line and there is a dashed line, and there are arrows. So you can convert a solid line to construction line and construction line to solid line. When you select this, you can see here it has been converted into a construction lane. Now, if you take a circle also, this is a circle. Just select the circle. And if you select this, it will become a construction element. Now if I exit the sketch, you can see these are dotted. It is not a part of the active sketch. Double-click on this, and we will go for plain normal. Here. We can select this normal to this is reference elements. Now let's find that chamfer tool, that is the corner editing tools. Here you have this split and temper. You just move to this left side. You see that tools, these are circled tools spline. When you move over here. This is the symbol for a film set, and this is the symbol for a chamfer. These two are the icons in any software that chamfer and the filtered will be having this, this icon design. So you can just have a look and you will be able to find this. If you select this sketch, you can apply this fillet. You can see this is a fillet. We have our fill it and chamfer here. Similarly, if you go to Gettier, you can see here these are the fill it and Chamfer. Now let us take our a hundred and two hundred fifty rectangle that we have saved in our desktop. We'll go to File Open. And in our desktop rectangle, click on open. Now, double-click on this rectangle. You can see here the rectangle is opened. Similarly, we'll go to SolidWorks. We'll go to File. Open, index top. We have this rectangle here. Click on Open, and you can see the rectangle has opened. Now just double-click on this rectangle that we can enter into the sketch interface. Now let us create the corners. Here. This is Philip. Click on fill it. You just have to select the corner. You can select the point that is the vertex, or you can also select both the lines that make up the corner. You can see a film that has been applied. You can give the dimension here. Maybe I'll give some 15 MM. Fill it. Click on, Okay. You can see a 15 MM corner has been formed. Now, let us go to chamfer. Before that, we will go to Catia and apply the same fillet. Here. I'll use this in getHeight is called corner. In SolidWorks it is called fillet. But both the tools have the same function. Will select this corner, select this, and this. Double-click here, and we'll give it a radius of 15. Now let's create a chamfer. Click on chamfer, will select this line and this line. You can see here. This angle constraint has automatically develop. You can give the angle, you can make this 45-degree is 60 degree, whatever. And this length. I will not use this length, so I'll delete it. And I'll define my own length from here to here. This length. Suppose I want as dynamic. Even. You can also give length to both the sides. Will take chamfer here. And we'll delete this to this and also this angle which has been formed automatically. You can see delete this. We can define our own constraints. From this point to this line. We will define a sum ten MM. Again, from this point to this line. This, I'll defend some 20 MM. You can see you have total freedom on how you want to create the chamfer and fill it. Now let us move to SolidWorks. Now here we will see that chamfer tool. You can see sketch chamfer select will take this corner, or we can also use these two lines. Here we have option distance angle and distance distance. If you take distance angle, you can create a temper with minimum distance and angle S for 30 degrees. But here, I have used distance, distance to create this. So the distance has automatically been given. I'll double-click this and we can give the dimension. You can see 2018 to 20. You can also select this and delete. You can give your own dimension. From here to here. You can give this dimension as you can see. Now, the same thing we can do here. We will take chamfer. From here to here, we will create chamfer, but in this case we'll go for angle distance. You can see this is 45 degrees and this is ten MM. This is how we can create chamfer and Phillips. The procedure for creating chamfer and fill it is same for Catia and SolidWorks. Only the application of tools is a bit different. Similar is the case for all the other softwares. The procedure for creating this corner editing tools is same in all the softwares. Only there will be slight genes in the application of the tools that you can easily identify after this course. The next lecture, we are going to practice example set three, which will be application of all that we have learned till now. 13. Practice Example set 3 - Example 11: In this lecture, we are going to practice example 11. We are going to apply whatever we have learned in this course. This is the example 11. For making this drawing, we have to follow a structured method. First, we will create this base, then we'll create this upper portion. And then both of them we will connect. This is the processor that we have to follow. Remember all the chamfers, which are this, this all the chamfers and that radius also to set the corners are fillets will be formed. And the last, that is, you should always from the corner. The last, it may be a jumper or affiliate. Now let us start this example by using KTM. In Catia, I have opened a new file and now I'm inside this getchar interface of the new file. This is the drawing that we are going to create. Now first we have to create this bottom area without that chamfers. Let us create a rough sketch first. You can see the dimensions. This is 2010, this total is 100, this is 20, and the height is also 20. Let us create a rough sketch first. If you have a drawing which is symmetric about the center axis, then you should always create the sketch symmetric about this data Max's. Let us clear the drawings symmetric about this vertical axis. We will create a rough sketch. I'll select here to create the 1.2nd. And you can see I'm creating a rough sketch. It is just a rough sketch so you can create as you like. First, let me position this. I'll select this line and this axis coincident. Can see this line and this axis coincident. Now in Catia, we can create symmetricity between two objects. We can take this line and this line symmetric about this axis. Symmetry. Or also you can give the dimension. Suppose this total is from here to here. This total dimension is 100. Hence, from this line to the center axis, this will be 50. Of the ways you can use. There is no problem. Now, this height is 20 and we are left out with only this height, which is ten. You can see. Now this dimension is also left out that we have not given. From this line to this line. This dimension is given as 20. You can see the basis fully constrained. You have to move phase by phase. We have created the base and it is completely constraint. Now we will move on to that top section, but before that, we will create the same base in SolidWorks so that you can compare the procedure of creation between both the software's. For this example, this is a new file and it is a sketcher interface of the new file in SolidWorks. Now, we will take line and create a sketch, which would be a rough sketch. You can see we're just getting horizontal and vertical lines. Somehow this line is inclined, so I'll just select it and make it vertical. Now I have to coincide this with this center axis. I will select this front plane and show it so that I will get this center axis. Select this line, and select this center axis and go for co-linearity. Again, select this line and the center axis, and you can go for co-linearity. Let us hide this front plane. We don't require it now so that our sketch will be clear. Now, let's give the dimensions. We don't have the symmetric constraints, so there is only one option. We can give the dimension and make the object symmetric about this center datum plane, or the datum axis, which is y-axis. Now, let's take the dimensions from here to here. This dimension is 100. Sometimes you will have problem like this. So you just have to move this. Correct. The sketch. You can see this is the form that we want. Now. I'll take dimensions from this side to this origin. This is 50, so that it will be symmetric. From here to here. This dimension is given as 20. This height is given as 20. From here to here. This is also 20. This height is ten. You can see we have created a fully constraint geometry of the base. Now let's move to that top portion, which is this area. Here. If you see it is a collection of circles. This is outer circle, which has been made by taking this as the center. This is our 30 radius, 30 circle. It has been created taking this center and its center is position in this line, also to say x is, which is at 15 plus 35 MM from this line. Let us create a reference line. This is where reference elements will be used. I'll take line and create a reference line. Of course, this is not a reference line, so I'll select it and click this convert to reference or construction or standard element. Now, we will give the distance from here to here. This is a value 15 plus 35. No need to calculate. All IN softwares will have mathematical calculations built into it. So this will be 15 plus 35. You can see it is 1515 plus 3550. The circle is positioned in this center axis. What I will do is I will select this axis as the position of the center. Let us see what I'm talking about. This is on whenever we create any new elements, automatically convert into reference elements. The selected. You can see. Now I'll take this point and this axis will go for coincidence. You can see, now we'll take this point. This construction elements coincide, not just we have to give that dimension. The radius has been given as 30. You can see here, this is 30, will take dimension. I'll select this. And radius is 30. The circle is completely constrained. You have to input one element constraint it, another element constraint need another element constraints. This is the process you should add up, so there will be no confusion. However complex the figure, maybe the same circle will make it in SolidWorks. Here also, we will take the reference element, will take a line. You can see I have generated a line that is on the Escape key to exit from the command. Select this line and directly I'll convert this to construction geometry. Will take dimension from this line to this base. This is 15 plus 35 enter 50. Diamond center has been given to it. Now we will take a circle. Maybe we'll create the circle somewhere here. We'll take the center point of the circle and we have to take this vertical axis. It's not there, so we have to show it. Here. You have to select this plane and you can see the axis has come. So we'll just select this, use the Control button for multiple selection and select this point coincident. You can see now we'll select this right plane and hide it so that there won't be confusing. We'll take the center point. Again, use the control key for multiple selection and select this construction element. Coincide. You can see the center point has been positioned. We'll take the dimension of this circle. This radius is 30, so we can give 60 is the diameter. The circle has been fully constrained. Now let us move to the next element. The next element is this circle. This circle is off. So to set this arc is of radius 30 and it has been positioned 40 MM from this circles axis, we will create a construction element. Will take a line, will create a construction element here. Select this line, convert to reference or construction geometry. Smart dimensions will select this line and this lane. That distance is Forty. That has been given in the drawing. Now, we'll take a circle and position it somewhere here. Press the Escape key to exit from the command, will take this point, that is the center point of the circle. And we'll select this construction element, which is 40 mm from the earlier construction element, will go for coincidence. Now, we want this center axis so that we can position this circle center. Again, we'll click on this right plane, right-click and show. This is the axis. Use the Control key and this is the center point. Both of these we will coincide. Now we have to take the dimension of this circle. The dimension of this circle that has been given is, you can see here this is 30, will give a diameter of 60, because 13 to do is 60. But it's on the Escape key to exit from the command. Now we will take Trim Entities, trim this, trim this, this, and trim this. Let us hide this right plane so that we can see the figure better. Now let us move to Catia and create this same circle. What we have done, we have taken a reference line. It will be a horizontal line. We'll convert this into reference. Will take dimension from here to here. This we had given as 40 MM will take a circle position at somewhere here. This is reference elements, so we'll convert into solid element. And we'll take this point, use the control key for multiple selection. Select this reference element. Coincide. Again, we'll take this center bind. We'll take this axis, which is the vertical axis, or so to say, that y-axis coincide it. Let us give the dimension. This dimension is given as 30 radius. Now we'll use the trim. Select this for trimming. You can just double-click so that you can use again and again. You can see in both Catia and SolidWorks, we have formed this outer boundary of that top portion. You can see, when I'm doing, forget about learning the software. You learn that technique. Why I am doing this simultaneously in these two softwares that you must understand. This is only to give you a clear idea that the procedure for making the drawings is same in Catia and SolidWorks and any other software. You have to learn the procedure or so to say that technique, do the sketch. And not exactly that tools. The tools will be same or maybe a bit different, but it doesn't matter if you know the procedure for making a sketch. Now, let us proceed further. Let us create these two lines. Then we will go for this circle, these two lines at it, 20 MM apart and they are symmetric. Let us do that. What I'll do is I'll take this line tool, create a line here. And again, I'll take line tool and create a line here. You have to be very careful while creating the objects. If you see here, there are some, you can see there are some symbols, some tracking lines which are generated. This will create Auto constraints which we don't want. Always try to prevent Auto constraints, at least during the learning process. And later on. When you expertise in this software, you can go for any type of auto constraint. It doesn't matter because you will be having the capability to handle constraints efficiently. Now, I have created these two lines. Let us give the dimension first. From here to here. Between these two lines, the dimension is given as 20. From here, too. Ear, this is minimum or I can also give symmetricity in KTM because it is present. For giving symmetricity, I'll select this line and this line about this axis. Symmetry. You can see now I'll just double-click on quick trim, trim that unnecessary portions. You can see. Let us go to SolidWorks and create the same two lines. I'll take line here. From here, I'll draw a line which is vertical rays on the Escape key to exit from the command line. From here, I'll create a line something like this, which is a vertical line. Press Escape key to exit from the command. Now let us give the dimensions. Select on smart dimensions from here to here, between these two lines, the dimension is 20. Again, from this line to this origin point, this is off ten mm, so that both the lines will be symmetric about the origin point. Now let us take Trim Entities, trim this line, this line, this line, and this line also will trim this line. And this line. You can see in both Catia and SolidWorks, we have created the same geometry. Now let us move one step further and create this circle. This circle is also aligned about this center axis, and it is at 15 MM distance from this upper axis, also to say the axis which contains the center of this circle. Now let us generate the construction line. We can also go for giving this 35 MM from this base line. Let us take a circle here. I'll create circle outside. You can see I'll just delete this and create the circle again. When I'm creating the circle, these are other constraints. You can see. As soon as I click here, it will create a tangency constraint between the reference line and this circle. I don't want that. I'll select. When I get no auto constraint. At this point, I'll select that there is no auto constraint and my circle is free. If you just move around, the circle is free. Now I'll take the center is the Control button on the keyboard for multiple selection and use this vertical axis. And what I'll do, I'll go for coincidence. And from here to this point, the dimension has been given as 35. Also, there is a diameter, 20 MM. Let us give the diameter. Here we can select diameter as 20. Click on, Okay. You can see we have created a completely constrained circle. The same circle let us create in SolidWorks. I'll take circle. Create a circle outside. To prevent unnecessary constraints. Will take this point and coincide with this center axis. The center axis is not present. So I'll select this right plane and show it so that we'll get a reference or the center axis, select this plane or the x's and this center point. Go for a coincidence. Now, we will take dimensioning, will give this center to base. This dimension will give us 35 as given in that drawing. And we'll select the circle, give a diameter of 20 MM. You can see, let us hide this right plane. We have created the same geometry in both Catia and SolidWorks. Now, let us move for giving that corner dimensions. That is the chamfer and the radius. First, let us give that chamfer to this base geometry. Here you can see this is five into 45 degree chamfer to places that is this side and this side. This is ten in to 30 degree in two places. This side and this side, let us give this will take chamfer. Let us zoom in a bit. Between these two lines. We have a 45-degree tempeh. You can see here, this is footwear degree. We want five into 45 degrees. So let us delete this and let us give a dimension here. From here to here. This is five MM. Now we'll take the chamfer again, and this side will give you a temper. This is 45-degree. Let us delete this dimension, give a dimension from this point, this line as five MM. You can see. Now let's move to the upper corner here also we will take chamfer. You can also select this corner point and give a chamfer something like this. Let us see the drawing here. From this point to this line. It is ten mm and this angle is 30 degrees. Here will delete this dimension. Also will delete this dimension. From here to here. This angle is 30 degrees. And if you take dimension from here to here, this is often a mmm. You can see this is the chamfer that we want. Now again, we'll take chamfer from here to here. You can see this is the footwear degree. Delete. This also will delete this line. Double-click on dimensioning. Between this line and this line. The angle is 30 degrees. The dimension between this point and this line is minimum. Now let us create this for chamfers in SolidWorks. Let us zoom in. And as we have done in, the same chamfers will create a sketch chamfer. Here you can select what you want to give. Angle and distance. The angle is footwear degrees and the distance is five MM. Now, just select this corner. You can see footwear degree and five mm jumper has been given. Similarly to this corner also you can select directly it has been given. Now, we can take distance angle and give an angle of 30 degrees and a distance of ten MM. Select this line and then this line, the first line that you select, will be given a dimension value of ten MM. And about the same line, this 30 degree will be inclined. If I want a dimension minimum to be given this side of the tempo, then I have to select this as the first element. And then this is the second element. You can see the minimum is given and about the same line, this 30 degrees also given. Very easily. We have given the corners in SolidWorks. Let's move up and create this fillet. This is radius eight, fill it for places. So 1234, we have radius eight. Let us give that. We'll take this sketch. And here it is eight mm. That actually will take this corner. This corner, this corner, and this corner. Just click on this. And you can see the corners have been given a fill it off radius eight. Not the same thing we will do it in CATIA. You can see this four corners will give it, fill it off radius. Double-click on fillet. Between these two, there is a Villette. Between these two. There is a full it also you can select the corner and create fillet. You can see. Now, double-click on this radius. This is HMM, double-click on this radius eight. This is also eight. And this is also eight. Now, we are left out with only these two fillets, which are off R4. Let us give them so that we can complete our geometry. Can see this is R4. Double-click here, R4. And we have completed the geometry in. Let us go to SolidWorks. By mistake, it has been rotated. We can go to this icon and here we can select Normal too. We'll go first sketch, fill it. And here we can select for MM, just select this corner and this corner. Click on this. Okay. Did you learn the software or did you learn that technique? That you have to be very clear. If we have learned that technique and by learning the technique, you have learned the software, I have succeeded in teaching you my technique because it is the technique that I want you to understand, not the software. If you understand that technique, you can operate any software. On the final day. That is on day five, we will decode Fusion 360. And on that day, you will understand that the same technique we will use in Fusion 360 and operate it efficiently within one hour or maybe 1.5 hour very easily. The next lecture we will know about duplication tools, which helps us to create highly efficient drawings in the sketcher application of any software. 14. Know about the duplication tools: For creating our drawing easily, there are some duplication tools available inside every high-end CAD software. There are three very important duplication tools which we can use. The first one is circular, second rectangular array, and the third is mirror. Our objective in this lecture is we will find out each of these tool and we will practice using some simple objects. There are some different name also used for these tools. The circular area may be called as polarity or maybe circular pattern. And rectangular area may be called as rectangular pattern. Meter may be called as a symmetry. It depends upon the software. For different software, different type of name may be used, but the function is same. We are not going to remember the name of the tool, but we are going to remember how the tool actually works. That is the technique that we're going to see in this lecture. Let us find out these tools in software. First, let us see the circular array are circular pattern. We will see it in SolidWorks, and then we will go for now we are inside the sketch interface of a new file. I'll take this circle and create a circle. Maybe something like this. I'll create a small circle somewhere here. You can see. Now our objective is to create this same type of circle about this periphery of this bigger circle. I'll just show you what we want. Let us first find where it is, this circular pattern or circular area. Here. There is no circular pattern. I'll show you the symbol. When you move over here you can see here this is linear sketch pattern, which is linear pattern or rectangular pattern. Click here and here we have this circular sketch pattern. This is the tool that we are actually searching. Click on this. And we will select this circle, which we want to create, polar pattern or circular pattern. Now, we have to give the center of rotation. You can see this center point we have to look at. We will just move it and we will fix it to this circle center. You can see here, what is the angle between which you are going to spread all the circles. Here. This is the number of the circles that you want to create. You can see there are six number of circles. Let us click on, okay. This is what I'm talking about. This is called as a circular pattern or circular array. Name is different for different software, but the function is same. You have to select the object. You have to select the center point along which the entire objects will be positioned and the number of objects. Let us undo it and let us create it again. Circular sketch pattern. Select the object. Now, we have to select the point about which this entire array will be position. You can see, you can also define angular spacing. Suppose the angular spacing is some 45 degrees. You can see here at 45 degrees the other instances or so to say that duplicates have been formed. And here we can go for maybe some eight elements. You can see click on OK. We have formed a circular pattern. Let us go to KTM in Katie. Other circular pattern is a bit different. Let us create a circle. Maybe this is the circle. And we'll create a small circle. Maybe here. Now we'll go to Insert. And we will find out the array. Here in this profile. There won't be the area because it's a operation. So we'll go to the operation menu. Here. We'll go to real limitation. Here. There is no array. Here also, there is no area. In 3D geometry, there is something different options. So we'll go for transformation and click on this. Rotate. Click on rotate. Now select the object, and we will select the center point. Along which we are going to create the polarity. Now, we will select the reference point on the object that we are going to use for creating this array. You can see there are five instances that are getting formed along with the original object. It is six. So suppose I want only five instances to be formed. So I'll go for Ford here. You can see here, total five are getting formed. Here. You can use the value 360 divided by five. So it will be the angle between two objects. Pressing Enter key, and you can see the area has been formed. This is how polar area is getting created. Now let us delete this and we will go for the rectangular array or rectangular pattern. For that, let us create a rectangle, maybe something like this. And we will create a circle here. Now, we want to create some multiple circles on this rectangular object. Here we have this linear sketch pattern. Click on this and select the object which is this. We can give a dimension, maybe some 40 MM. You can see how we can increase here. You can take number of instances here. Suppose we are going to create four instances. You can also align it at an angle. You can see, let it be 0 degrees. And there is a direction to in direction two perpendicular to the direction that we have selected. You can create multiple number of rows. You can see we will switch the axis. You just have to experiment with this options. It may be any software. You will have this tool and you have to find this tool. When I click on this, okay? You can see very easily multiple objects I have formed. We'll see the application of this in the next example. But for now, this is the type of error that we want, which is rectangular array or pattern in Catia. Let us delete this and create a rectangle. Something like this, will take a circle here. Now we'll go to insert operations. And in transformation we have seen this rotate. Now we'll see it translate. And we'll select the object, which is this, will select the point. You can see. Here. We can go for instances, how many instances you want. Suppose I went for instances. You can see, let us make it three instances. You can give a value here. I'll give maybe some 70 MM on the Enter key. Now you can position it. I'll position it here. You can see now this entire thing I can take, and I'll go to Insert operation, transformation and translate. Maybe three instances or two instances will take this as the reference point and move. You can see you just have to give the dimension value. Just double-click here and move this to keep it vertical. And type a value, maybe some 70 person that enter key. The angle year to define. I'll keep it perfectly vertical. You can see very easily we have created multiple objects using the rectangular pattern tool. I'm giving you the generic name, rectangular pattern, polar pattern, something like that. But in every software it will have its own name. Objective of that tool will be this to create this type of an event. Now let us see the mirror tool. Let us create objects, something like this. Now, if you want a mirror image of this object to be created about this vertical line or vertical axis on the other side. Or I can take any line, maybe something like this. And I want to create the mirror image of this object on the other side. So what I'll do is I'll go to operations transformations here I have this middle. Click on mirror, select the object, which is this. Then select the mirroring line. Hence, you can see this object is exactly the mirror image of this object. Let us go to SolidWorks and see how actually it is. Now I will take this line tool and create the objects, something like this. You can see. And also I'll create a line, maybe something like this. Press on the escape key. Now let us find where is the middle. Middle tool will always be nearer to the rectangular pattern polar pattern tool. We have used these linear sketch pattern earlier. And nearby to that, you can see meter entities. You can also see a preview of what it can do. Click on Mirror entities. Now, you just have to select the object, which is this, and then mirror about this object. Also to say x is. Click on OK and you can see what has formed. How is it useful? Middle tool is very useful for creating symmetrical objects. Suppose I'm having an object's something like this. The same object that we have created earlier. You can see there is an axis, maybe this is the axis. Let this be construction element. My objective is half of this has been created, I have to create HE other half of it. So we will go for meter entities. This objects. Now, Midland about this object. Click on Okay. Very easily. We have created the other side. Now in Catia also be able to have the same application. Let us delete this and maybe suppose I'll create this kind of feature. The same type of feature that have created in SolidWorks. Press on the Escape key here the axis is not required to be creator because we already have this axis here. Now we'll go to Insert operation IT, transformation and middle. Select this object and select the axis. And you can see directly we have created the other half. You just create 1.5 of the sketch, and the other half you can create instantly by using them meter tool, that is the power of duplication. The next lecture we are going to see the application of that duplication tools by using example 11.5. 15. Practice Example set 4 - Example 11.5: In this lecture, we are going to practice on Example 11.5. We are going to see the application of duplication tools. In this example. If you get a complex drawing, no matter how complex it may be, you should always go for making the boundary first. And then you are going to create the internal objects. Then only your approach will be perfect. You can do the drawing easily. Like suppose we have got this 11.5 example. Here. In this drawing, what we will do is first we will create this outer boundary. You can see this outer boundary first we are going to create, then we are going to create this internal objects. While creating these internal object also, we are going to create one by one. Suppose we are going to create this thing first. And then we are going to create this. And we're going to create this circle, this circle, then this circle, this circle. And at last we can create the circle. We are going step-by-step. That is the process that you should adopt while creating complicated figures. Let us start this drawing in Catia and SolidWorks. Now, at first we are going to gender this outer boundary, as I have told you. So let us see the dimensions associated with it. This outer boundary is a collection of a arc and some lines, another arc and some lines here. Now what we're going to do is boundary also, we are going to create step-by-step. First. We are going to take a circle here and constraint it. Then another circle, a bigger circle here, and constraint it. Then we are going to create these lines. Let us start and you can see what I'm talking about here. You have to note that at this point, there are, there are lots of references. You can see taking this as center point, all the arcs have been generated. This point will be considered as our main reference center point. This we will make it as zeros 0, or the origin of the coordinate system. Here in Catia, this is the coordinate system. In this origin. We're going to set this point. Let us start by generating first the circle. It is an Art 20 circle. Let us do it. Will take circle tool here. Directly. We can click on the origin. You can see in any software you can click the origin directly. It will be available for you to select. I'll just click here and create the circle. No need to constraint the center point of the circle because it is automatically coincide with the origin. Now let us give the dimension. Radius is given as 20. The circle is completely constrained. Now we will take another circle. Again. We'll take this origin is the center point. You can see now this circle has been given a radius of 100. Let us take this radius is 100, 100. The circle is also completely constrained. Now we will draw these two lines. You can see this line is tangent to the smaller circle and it is having a connection with this bigger circle. Let us draw a rough sketch of that. You can see I can create a point on this circle, but if you are not able to do it, you can create it outside. Now let me create a vertical line. And then I'll move over here. And you can see this is an auto constraint. It's a tangency that is getting formed which we require. You can use that or you can click somewhere else. Maybe here. We can give the constraints, will select this, use the control key for multiple selection, and select this circle. We will give tangency. Now, let us trim the unnecessary portions. So we will take quick trim, trim this. Again, Quick Trim and trim this. Now let us constraint this profile for constraining that we have some dimensions that have been given here. This length is 20, and from this edge to the center, the dimension is 80. So let us give that. From here to the center, the dimension is 80 and the length of this line is given as 20. You can see it is completely constrained. We are going step-by-step. No need to make the entire thing and get confused. We will go step-by-step so that it is very easy to make any complex figure. Now, we will go for a duplication tool which is middle. The same feature we require on the other side. If you see the drawing here, the same thing we require on the other side. We will select this. You can select these two. And we will go for insert, operation, transformation and mirror that we have seen in the earlier lecture. We'll select mirror. Now what we have to do, if you are not clear, you can just have a look at the tip that is showing select the line or axis from which the elements will remain equidistant. So it is asking for the axis about which we are going to matter. The mirroring line. This is the mirroring line. You can see very easily the other side has been made. Otherwise again, we have to go for creating that and constraining. It's not required because we have mirror with us. Now, let us go for trimming the unnecessary portions. Double-click on Quick Trim to lock it. And we will turn this portion. And this portion, you can see we have created a completely constrained boundary. The same thing let us create in SolidWorks so that we can compare with that procedure. Now this is the sketcher interface of solid works. Let us create the same outer boundary. We will take circle directly, we can select, you can see, we can select the origin and create a circle here. Let us create the origin again and create another bigger circle at a time we are creating two circles. Now let us give the dimensions. Take smart dimensions. The radius of this circle is 20, so we can give 40 here. Again, this bigger circle, we can give a diameter of 100 is that it is. So 200 diameter we can give. And you can see both of the circles are completely constrained, which are denoted by this black color. Now, let us go for the two lines. So we will take this line tool and create a line which is a vertical line. Here also there are auto constraints. You can see at tangency constraint is getting formed, but we won't do that. You can create Auto constraints once you are perfect with the software. Otherwise don't handle auto constraint. It may be quite dangerous for your drawing. Select this line and the circle. And between them, we can give tangency. Now let us take Trim Entities, trim this, and trim this portion, which are the unnecessary portion. Let us give the dimensions. Will take smart dimension. We can give dimension to this line, which is of 20 MM. And again, from this line to this point, that is the origin point, the dimension is given as 80. You can see here also we are going step-by-step. The procedure is same that you have to identify in Catia, whatever procedure we are using in SolidWorks also the same procedure we are using. Only the method of use of the tool may vary, but the procedure is same. That is the technique that you should follow. Now, we will go for the other side. So do you remember how we had created the other side in Catia? It was by using mirror. So here also we will take mirror x two entities, which we have seen in the earlier lecture. Now, here, entities to meter, you will get the words like entities, object, curves, which are signifying a single thing, which is this objects. Here. Entities means the subjects. Objects means this objects. Even curves means this object. In different software, the word may be different, but what it means is you want to select the things that you want to mirror about the center line or about the mirroring line. Entities to mirror this line and this line. These two are the objects, the entities. Now, I'll click here middle About, mirror about. We have to select the mirroring line. But here there is no mirroring line. So what we will do is we can select this right plane when you slit here has this property management is active. So if you want to activate this feature when it's a design tree, it will come over here. If we can select this right plane, you can see we just have to select x is a mirroring plane or line. Now, just click on OK. And you can see very easily we have formed the other side. Now let us go for trimming the entities. Click on trim entities. We will trim the unnecessary portion, which are these two. You can see we have successfully formed the boundary. Now let us go for the internal stuff. Here you can see. This is a rectangular area or linear array, or linear pattern or rectangular pattern. All these words or any combination of this word means the same. This is the type of feature that we want to create by using that option. Let us go and create that. For this first, we need to create a single circle and constraint it with its reference. All the other circles will be mailed. Let us go for SolidWorks and create that circle. We will create this circle first. This is a diameter five circle and it is positioned at 20 MM from this center. And also it is aligned to the x-axis. So let us do it, will take circle and create a circle somewhere here. Let us immediately give its dimension. First. Let us give this dimension as diameter five, which is given in the drawing. Let us zoom in a bit so that we can see it. Now for constraining it, we have to give the dimensions. You can create a construction element that is a construction line. I'll take from this center to this center, we can create a construction line, press Escape key to exit from the command. This line, I will make it horizontal. And immediately I'll convert this into a construction element. Select this and construction geometry. Now, let us give the dimension. This dimension is given as, let us see the drawing. 20 MM. You can see from here to here, this is 20 MM will give this dimension is 20. You can see the circle is completely constrained. Let us go for the other circles here. For that, we will use the edit tool, the pattern tool. But let us count 1234. Total five-number holds up there along this horizontal and three number of holes are there in the vertical. So that is the set of area that we want. Here. We can go for this linear sketch pattern. Select the object that we want to create as a pattern. Here, we can select the number of objects. There are five number of objects here. Let us see the drawing again. You can see five holds total are there. Here, we can see a preview of it. Next, in this second direction. This is direction too. There are total three. It rose. This is the thing that we want. Now just click on, Okay. But before that, you have to see the spacing. Now. If you see the drawing here, the spacing is minimum, that is from hole to hole. The spacing is minimum. So let us see here this is the dimension along x axis that is along this direction from hole to hole or circle to circle. The dimension is ten mm, which is given in the drawing. And along this row, the dimension is also ten of them. This is the minimum row to row dimension is ten of them in the direction to which is upwards. This direction to, this is the dimension which is the minimum. Will just click on OK. And you can see very easily we have formed this rectangular pattern, linear sketch pattern, which is called in SolidWorks. Let us move to Catia and create this. In Catia, we have the same tool but in a different name. First, let us create the circle that we had created in SolidWorks. This is the first circle so that the reference of this circle we will use for creating the other circles. We'll give the dimension. That diameter is five mm. So we will change here to diameter. It is five MM. And let us position it will select the circle center. Use the control key for multiple selection and select the horizontal axis. Now we can coincide this. Click on Okay, let us give the dimension from the center to this axis, which is given as 20 MM. Now, let us create that edit, the pattern. Here in Gettier. It is given in a different name. In transformation there is translated. Click on Translate. We will select our object, which is the circle. Select the reference point within the object, will select the center point. And you can see we are able to form some duplicates. Total five number of duplicates are there. So another four I'll create. You can see we can give the dimension here, which is 1010. Pressing the Enter key. Now you have to position it. I'll position it horizontally. You can see you can mark here that it is not getting constrained. So it may happen in few softwares that when you use duplication tools, that duplicates may not have the constraints that are there in the original object. It doesn't matter because those objects have been positioned with reference to the original object. So we can just ignore it. Let them be unconstrained. It doesn't matter as long as they are positioned perfectly. Now, let us go for the other two rows. We will take translate again, which is this icon. And the two instances we want, we will select the object. This is the object. Reference point is the center. And you can see along this direction also from center to center, also to say the circle to circle. The distance is minimum. So we can give a value here as 1010 Enter. And now we can position the circles will position it vertically. You can see we have formed a set of holes in SolidWorks. We have seen how to hide and unhide. There are few reference lines that have been formed. While we have found the area, that pattern, we can hide this, we have to find the hide and show icon. You can just move over to the left top corner. And from there we can have a look. These are all files saving and the related options. Here. These are the view toolbar and the, the hide and show will mostly be there in the view toolbar here if you go, if you move along this direction, here, you can find this high-dimensional. You can see, if you click here, this gets activated and you can select, you can see it is hidden. Now when you select this and also select this hide show. You can see now for unhide, you can use this site icon. This is swapped digital space. Click on this. This is the hidden space in Catia. And if you click it again, this is the visible space. Whatever is hidden in this visual space. You will get it in this individual space. So if you want to unhide, you can again go for selecting this hide and show and clicking on this line. You can see it is now displayed in the visual space. Let me hide it again. Now let us make this set of circles. For making this set of circles, of course we require a single circle first. We will create this circle. Now to constraint the circle first we need the diameter, which is given here, diet aid. And we require that position. For position, we have this radius R 55, that is from the center. And we have this angle is 90 degrees from center, it is 45 degrees. Let us create it. Let us create a circle here. Prevent this unnecessary constants. Otherwise it will create problem. Now let us give the diameter. The diameter is given as ADMM. Next, what we can do is we will take a line from the center to this origin. We can connect this line and this line will make it as construction element. Now we will just give the dimensions, will create the angle between this line, construction line and this axis. You can see this angle is 90 divided by 290, divided by two, which is 45. You can see. And also we will have the dimension from the origin to this center point. We can give the dimension here directly to this line. The radius is 55, so we can type 55 here. You can see the circle has been constrained. Now our job is to just create, create the other duplicates of this circle. For doing that in Catia, we have a tool. We'll go to operation transformation and rotate. Click on rotate, select this object that we want to. Now, we have to select the center of rotation, which is this origin, and the reference of the object, which is this. You can see how many you want. Let us count it. 123455. More holes we required. Here. We can increase it to five. You can see here. And then whatever the angle, we can give an angle here. Also click this constraint conservation on. Whatever constraints are given that will be copied to the new objects. Well, few of them, not all of them. Whatever is possible. Let us copy. Now. We will give you an angle here. Let us see what is the angle. When you see here, this total is 90 degrees. 90 degrees. The entire spread is there. The objects are 690 divided by five is the angle. We can go for 90 divided by five. Enter. It has formed on the other side. So let us undo. And again, we will go for rotation, this circle. We will take this as the rotation center, and this is the difference of the circle. And here we can go for minus 90 divided by five. Press the Enter key. You can see we have formed the required duplicates of this original circle. The same thing let us do in SolidWorks. Let us create the circle first, single circle. You can see, let us give the dimension. The diameter of this is given as eight. Now let us position the circle. Will take a line and connect the center of this smaller circle to the origin of that drawing. Pressing the Escape key to exit from the command. Now, we will immediately convert this line to construction element. You can see now let us unhide this right plane. So we can click here. And we can take this smart dimension from this line to this plane. The dimension is 4590 divided by two, which is 45. Also. The dimension of this line is the radius, which is 55. You can see the circle is completely constrained. Now, we can go for circular sketch button. Select this circle that we want to create a pattern. And now you can see how it is getting formed. We don't want like this. By default, the origin has been selected as the point of rotation. So that is what we want. But if you want, you can select it. Here. We can go for dimension angular spacing. We can go for the dimension 90 divided by five. And we can see a preview. The number of total objects that we want to create. A six. You can see here This is six, so we will give a value here. Six. You can see the preview. It's perfect. So we will just go for okay. And you can see it has formed. Let us hide this right plane. Now let us go for the other things. Here. We have a circle here and a circle here. One circle will create and the other circle we will mirror. For this circle, you can see it is position at 45 degrees from the center, that is 90 divided by two. Let us create the circle first. We'll take circle. We'll create a circle here. And what we will do is as this is what fair degrees, we can take this line and use the control key for multiple selection. Select the center of the circle. And we can go for coincide. Now. We can give the dimension. First, let us give the diameter. The diameter has been given as 20. Let us give the dimension here to 0. Enter. Let us take the dimension from the center to this origin. This dimension in the drying it is given as here. You can see. This is RAT. The length of center to center is AD. So here we can give 80 Enter. Now the same thing we can create on the other side. We can do it at a time with the other circles, but let us do it immediately. We will take Mirror Entities, select this, and we want to mirror it about the center plane. The center plane is not available. We can go to feature manager here. And this is the right plane which will act as a mirroring plane. Click on this. Click on this. You can see very easily the other side has been formed. Let us go to Catia and do it. Will take circle, will create a circle here as this construction element is on. That's why it is creating a dotted object, but we can click it off. You can see now it is solid. Select this center of this circle and this line. The same procedure we are interrupting. So you just compare the procedure. Now we'll take dimension from the center to this origin. This dimension is 80. Enter. Now let us give the diameter. The diameter is 20. You can see now we will use the middle, select the circle. And here we have the middle here. Click on middle, select the center axis. Very easily we have harmed other side. Now, let us go for the other circle. Here, we will form this circle between these two circles. That dimension is 30 degrees. From the center axis it is 15 degrees and the diameter is 16 MM. Let us create a circle first. Let us give the diameter to this, which is 16. Let us take a line from the center to the origin. You can see. Now I'll select this and convert it to reference because it is a construction element. Let us give the angle between this line and the vertical axis, which is this, will give this a value of 15 MM Because it is 30 divided by 215. Let us give them dimension to this line, which is center to center distance. Here. If you take this, it is ADMM. The center to center distances, 880 Enter. Now we just have to take this circle and use meter. Select the mirroring line, which is this. You can see very easily we have found the other side circle. Now we are left out with only this center circle. Will take a circle here. Create a circle, something like this, will switch off this construction element. Now, we'll take the center, use the control key for multiple selection. And we'll select the center axis, that is the vertical axis. And we will use coincidence. Let us see the drawing here. This is two LLVM diameter and the position is also at ADMM from the center. Let us give that. First, we will give the diameter, which is two elements. Next, we will go for the center to center dimension. You can see from center to this axis, the damaging is AD. We could have also gone for creating an arc, which will act as the pitch circle. And we can give the dimension is 80 radius. And all these holes we could have position there. But there are various ways of making the sketch. Whichever you find it is easy you can do. Now let us go for SolidWorks and create those two circles, the center circle to complete the sketch. In SolidWorks also, we will use the same process, but let us give it a change. You have seen the process that we have adopted in Catia. And I have told you we can also use the arc. Let us go for the arc and create the pitch circle and position the circles. And let us see the process. To dry. You can find out the Arc tool here. You can see here this is center point arc. We can take three-point arc here. Click on three points. The first and maybe the second is somewhere here. The third, let us position it here. We can go for constraining. Will select this arc and use the control key for multiple selection and select this arc, length of this arc, we can go for concentration. You can see this has been converted into black. Select this and go for construction geometry. We can create a concentrated, we can also give the radius is 80, which is given in that drawing. Now let us generate the circle, will create a circle, maybe somewhere here. We will go for constraining. It. Will select the center of the circle. Use the control key for multiple selection. Select this arc. We can go for coincident. Now let us position it. Take the center point, and we'll take this point, which is the origin. Now let us take smart dimension. From this line to this right plane will give you an angle. This angle is 30 divided by two, which is 15. You can see now will give the diameter of the circle. Diameter is 16 MM. 1 sixth enter. Now if you see it is not constrained. Let us first convert this into reference. We'll use this construction geometry. Now when I move this, you can see the pattern is also changing because the pattern is not completely constrained. So we're okay with if the pattern is not constrained. But the thing is, this line should be completely constrained. Let us place the pattern, something like this. And we will take this point, this origin point, and we will go for much. You can see now it is completely constrained. Let's go for the other side. Will go for Mirror Entities and select the entities to meter, which is this. And we will select the middle about as the center axis, which is this right plane. Now we are left out with only this circle over here. Directly. We can take circle and we can position it here. You can see this is the mid point of the arc. We can take this midpoint of the arc. Now, we'll use smart dimensions to give this diameter as two element. With this, we have completed the fully constraint geometry of 11.5. Now you can see here the process that we have adopted in both the softwares, it is exactly the same. Only the difference is the name of the tools that have been used. And maybe there is slight change in the way the tool is used. The main framework is same, so you must understand the framework and the same exact procedure you can use in any type of other software. You are now ready to explore the solid modelling application. In the next lecture, we are going to get into solid modelling. 16. Launch and explore the “Solid modelling” application: From this lecture we are going to get into the solid modelling application of any care software. There are few steps that you should follow while entering into the solid modeling application. The first step is, do you remember we had created a rectangle of 150 MM. We will open the rectangle file that we have saved in our desktop. We have to find the solid modelling application icon and we will launch it. We will explore and find the extrude tool which is used for creating solid model. We will see what is it. Then we will use the rectangle to create a solid body using the extrude tool. Finally, we will explore the extra dialog box. Now here you can see we are in the gateway of Katya. We'll go to File New and we're going to create a part. Now, as for the steps that I have told you first, we have to open the rectangle that we have saved in our desktop. It'll go to file open. In the desktop, we have our file here, rectangle. Click on Open. This is the rectangle file that we have created. Let us open the same rectangle in SolidWorks will go to Open. And in desktop, we have the rectangle here. Click on Open. And you can see this is the rectangle. Now, this is the isometric view that we have discussed earlier in SolidWorks. If you click here. This is the isometric view. You can see. Now, we have to find the solid modeling application icon and launch it. But in most of the softwares when you exit the sketch, let me double-click on this sketch. Now we are in the sketcher interface. When you exit this sketch, what you are doing is you are exiting the sketch application of the software and you are getting into the solid modelling application. Some softwares may require you to select the solid modelling application. But in most of the software is when you exit the workbench, That is the sketch workbench or the application. It take you to the solid modelling application. You need not search the solid modeling application by default, when you exit sketch, you will be presented with the solid modelling application. But in some softwares, you may have to select the solid modelling application. Now, we have to find the extrude tool. Let us explore and see where the extra two leaves. An extra tool will add material to this sketch to form a solid body. The material will be added linearly like a building block. Let us see what is that. Then you will understand. Here these are the types in SolidWorks which represent various applications. In the first tab, this ribbon contains the solid making tools. The first one you can see this is extruded boss or base. You can see the preview, what it does. You can see in this way, it can create a solid. Let us check it out. Click on this extra red boss, and let us select this sketch. You can see suddenly is getting built on this rectangle. Here. You can give the distance. You can see. Suppose 50 MM, MM. When you click on OK, you can see a solid has developed. This base dimension is taken from the rectangle that we have created, that is 150. And this height we have given in the extrude definition dialog box. Now let us move to Kate. Yeah. Here also we have the same rectangle and let us find the extra tool. This is the part design interface. That is the solid modelling interface of Kate. Yeah. Now let us find the solid making tool. Here. It's best features. There are various things. So few things are highlighted and few things are highlighted. The very first one is bad. You have to study the icon and understand what it can do. Do you remember in SolidWorks, we have created a rectangle and we have extruded that same type of object we can see here. This may be the extruder or the solid may making feature. We'll click onto this pad. Here we have this pair definition dialog box. But basically we require to select the sketch first. This is the Inch. And you can see a preview is shown. There's something is getting formed. Let us give this length, maybe some 40. When we see this preview, click on Preview. You can see solid object is getting formed. Now click on OK. The block has been formed. The same block that we have formed in SolidWorks. The procedure is exactly the same. There is no difference. Till now, we were working in a single sketch. We were not using this part navigator. That tree. In this partner you get, it will contain various things. But what we are interested in is, if you click here, you can see we have a sketch which is this rectangle. And upon that Boss Extrude has been created. This navigator will store all the history of the things that we have done with our model. When we create the model and use different types of features, then you will understand this. But for now, if you want to edit this object, you just have to select this boss. Right-click. And here we get this edit feature. Sometimes you can also double-click on this. In some softwares, it will work, and in some terms softwares it may not work. Also, you can double-click on this object. In SolidWorks, it doesn't work. But you can go for both extrude right-click and here you can select Edit feature. You can see this is the same window that we have got. And here we can change the dimensions At any point of time. If you want to change the dimension, you can change. Here. There is also a direction too. When you click this, you can see this is a separate direction that is shown. In the top. It will be 40 MM, and in the bottom you can give a separate dimension. This option is very handy, so you should know it. You can also give a minus value to this. Now, here there will be option from, we can take here offset. We can give a dimension here. Let us switch this off so that only one direction will have, and we can see how this works in offset. Let us give some ten MM and see what happens. You can see from the sketch plane, the solid is forming at a distance. This is also very useful. Three things I have shown you. The other things you forget. Three things I have shown you first in the direction one, we can give it a distance. Second in direction two also, we can give it a distance. And in third, we can give an offset. That is, we can start at a distance from the sketch plane. These three features are very important for a Extrude. We will see the application part of it in the next example. But for now, these three features we have to learn in any software. At the starting itself. When you click on this, you can see the solid has formed. Now the same features I will show in get, yeah. In CATIA, you can just double-click and that dialog box will appear. The same thing you can see in this part navigator. Here. When you click on this plus, we can see bad and sketch. The sketch we have created, which is the rectangle. And then upon it we are creating a pad. These two are related. Now, if you see here the length we have given, when you click on this more, you can see they just second limit. This is the second direction. If I give you a value of some 30, let us see what happens. We'll click on Preview. You can see from this sketch plane or the sketch, 40 MM is greater up and from the sketch plane that PMM is created down. Now, this is the second thing that I had shown you in SolidWorks. And the third feature that we want to learn is the upset feature, which is there in SolidWorks. The same thing will be there here, but we have to explore and find out. I'll show you directly so that you can correlate with SolidWorks. Here. In second limit, we can give a value of minus when you give minus. And so the preview, you can see here, if you take minus, then it is starting from third PMM and ending at 40 MM. This thickness is ten MM. We can give a minimum here. We'll go for a preview. And you can see. At ten amendment is starting and 40 MM, up to 40 mm it is going. The total thickness is 30 MM. This feature is very useful in generating 3D models. In the next lecture, we are going to see the example which will have all these options used in the extrude for the model. There is also another thing that you should learn. This is creating a solid, but how to cut it? Suppose I wanted to cut some portion of this block. Let me select this upper plane and create a sketch. You can see now, let us create another rectangle, maybe something like this will exit the workbench. You can see I've created a sketch on this top plane. So instead of selecting only the datum plane, we can also go for selecting the plane of the solids. Now, I'll go for this pad. When you click this, you can also go for reverse direction. You can see when you click on Okay, it is creating a solid body, but, but we want to remove the material from the solid body. So we will go for control jet. There is a thing called the Boolean operation. Boolean operations are used for adding, subtracting, intersecting material from a solid body. Here. This is a solid body that we have already made. Now, we're creating another solid body using this sketch. And we're giving a relation between both the solid bodies. That is, do you want to remove the New solid body that you created from the existing solid body? Or do you want to united by default when you use bad in Catia, It is uniting the solid body. But what we want is we want to remove that new solid body from the older one. So for that, we have to find the subtract the Boolean operation. In most of the softwares, those are automatically generated by the extra tool. But in Catia, we have a separate option for it. If you go to Insert and sketch-based features. Now you can see all the tools have been highlighted. This is bad and this is pocket. This is drafted filtered pad and pocket, soft groove. In Gettier, what has happened is they have created one tool for adding material and one tool for subtracting material. So this is for adding material linearly. Here, this is for adding this, we're adding material, subtracting material, adding, subtracting, adding, subtracting. So there have been Aaron, something like that. So you have to study the interface of the Solid Modelling workbench. Then only you will understand what tools are available and how you can apply it. Now, we will go for pocket and select this sketch. Click on OK. And you can see this is what we want. We have cut the material from this solid body. Let us do the same exercise in SolidWorks. You can see here. Let us take sketch. We'll take this sketch on this top plane. By default, it is not orienting. So we can click here and we can click Normal To. And we can see that we can see the plane that we have selected. Now let's take a rectangle and create a rectangle, something like this. The same rectangle that we have created in. Get here. Now let's exit sketch. Now, let us cut this new body from the existing body, will go to features. Let us see here what are the options that are presented? This is extruded boss or base, had evolved boss or base, swept boss, base everywhere, balls or baseballs or bases. Then when we move over here, there is extruded cut, revolve cut. What this means is this entire thing is for adding material. And this cut, cut, cut, this means this is for removing material. So we have to use this extruded cut. Click on this extruder cut, and select the sketch, which is this. You can see something is happening. When you click on this, okay? You can see the new object has cut the existing object. This few tools are very important. In the next lecture, we are going to practice Solid Modelling on example. We'll see example 1.2. 17. Practice Example set 5 - Example 1.2: In this lecture, we're going to practice on example 1.2. We are going to apply whatever we have learned in the last lecture. While creating a solid model, it is very important that you should understand how you are going to create it step-by-step. First, let me create the solid model so that you'll understand what I'm talking about. This is the solid model that we are going to make. You can see the dimensions here. First, let us create this base. I'll go to Catia and create a new file. I'll go to File New. And I'll go for part. We are going to create a new part. Now. The very first thing that we have to do is create a sketch. The sketch will contain the base of this body, which is something like this. Let us see. Let us create a rough sketch. We'll click here and here. Now let us construct it. It will align these two by using coincide. Then again, align these two using coincidence. Now let us give the dimensions. This is 25, this is 1515. This is 25. Here. This is 75. And this edges for T5, This ends is 75, and this edge is 45. You can see the sketch is completely constrained, and that's it. We only require this sketch. We will not make the other profile in this sketch. Let us exit our bench. Now, let us go for creating the solid body. Will use this part that we have seen in the last lecture and select the sketch. Let us give the thickness. The thickness is 15 MM. Here, we will give it a thickness of 15 MM. Click on the very first solid we have formed, which is representing the base. You can see this is the base that we have created, not the same thing we will create in SolidWorks. Let us create a new file. New part will go to Sketch. Let us create a sketch. On this top plane. Will create a rough sketch. The same rough sketch that we have created in. It is just a collection of horizontal and vertical lines. Now we will apply the constraints, will use the geometrical constraints. This point, which is the origin, will lie on this line. You can see, again, this line will contain this origin. Coincidence. Now, we'll give the dimensions, will activate the smart dimensions. And let us give the dimensions here. This dimension is 25, this dimension is 15. This dimension has been given as 75, and this dimension that has been given as 45. Now, just exit that sketch. You can see the sketch is ready. Now let us move over to features. Extra. Boss will select it and now select the sketch. You have to just fill that distance here. The thickness is 15. We will give a value of 15 here. Now press the Enter key and click on. Okay. You can see we have created the first solid body in SolidWorks. Now on this solid body, we are going to create the other features. The very first feature that we're going to create is this cut. This is eight mm depth and rectangular cut on this base. Let us do it. First. Let us select this top plane. Will take sketch, select sketch, select this top plane. Here we will go for normal to that we will view the sketch plane. Now let us create the rectangle, will make a rectangle. Let us constraint it by giving the dimensions. Here you can see this is 35 and this is 25. Let us give it, will take smart dimension from this edge, this line, this is 35, this length is 25. Now let us see the other dimension. Here. From this base, it is 20, and this dimension is altered 20 from this base to this line. This dimension is 20. Also, this length is 20. You can see the rectangle is completely constraint. Will go for exit sketch, will rotate this a bit. You can see. Now we will go for Features. Extrude, Cut, select the sketch. You can see by default it is moving down. Now up to what depth you want to cut that we have to identify. This is eight mm depth up to eight. Remember we have to cut this body. Here. We will give eight. And click on. Okay. You can see let us create the same thing in Catia and seeing what difference there will take sketch on this plane, the top plane of the base. And we will select this rectangle, create a rectangle, something like this. Double-click on dimensioning. From here to here. We have given a dimension 35 MM. This length, we had given a dimension 25. From this base to this line. The dimension is 20. And this length is given as 20. With this, you can see the sketch is completely constrained, indicated by the green color. Now you just exit or bench. You can see the rectangle has been made. Now let us take the solid editing feature which is cut. This is pocket. You can also go to Insert sketch-based features and pocket, click on pocket, select the sketch. You can see it is cutting the body. Here we will give a dimension. The depth has been given as ADMM will give a value of eight here. Let us see the preview. You can see this is what we want. Click on, Okay. You can see the procedure of making the features is same in all softwares. Only the utilization of the tool is a bit different that you can easily identify if you know that procedure. Now let us move to the other features that are contained in this drawing. Here we have this rectangular block and there is a triangular element here. Let us create this rectangular block first. For doing that will take sketch, and again, we will take this top plane. And we will create a rectangle, something like this. Now, we will take this line, use the control key for multiple selection. We will coincide these to click on, okay, again will coincide this and this edge. Now let us give the dimensions here. If you see the drying, this is 15 MM and this is 40 mm. Let us give the dimensions here. This is 15 MM. This length is 40 MM. The sketch is completely constrained. Let us exit our bench. And now we will use pattern because it is adding material will use bad. Select this sketch and let us give it a dimension. The height is given as 30, will make an object off 30 MM length. You can see the same thing let us create in SolidWorks. We will take sketch, select sketch here, and we'll take this top plane. Here. We can take this normal too. And we'll take this rectangle, create a rectangle, something like this. Now let us constraint it. Let us first take this line, use the control key for multiple selection, and select this edge. We will go for co-linearity. Again. We'll take this line and use the control key for multiple selection. Select the edge of the solid colinearity. Now let us give the dimensions, use Smart Dimension and give a dimension to this line. We had given a value of 15 here. To this line, we had given a value of 440 Enter. You can see the sketch is completely constrained. Now, let us exit sketch. You can see here we have made the sketch on the top of this base. Now let us create the solid body from this sketch, I will go to Features extruded boss, because we want to add the material. That sketch had already been selected. So it has definitely made the solid body. Here. We'll give a dimension to this. We had given 30 MM as given in that drawing. You can see a preview. Now click on OK. And you can see this is what we wanted. Now, let us take sketch again, and we will take this plane and create that triangle. Let us see the drawing. Here. We want to create this triangle here. Let us make it will take sketch and we'll take this plane. Here. Will take this normal too, so that we can view the sketch plane, will take line and create a triangle, something like this. Now, let us constraint it will take this line, use the control key for multiple selection and this edge. And we will go for co-linearity. Similarly this line, this edge. And we will go for co-linearity again. Now let us give the dimensions. The drawing you can see here. This height is 22 and angle is 50 degrees. Does give that. First, let us give the angle between these two lines. The angle is 50 and this length is given as 22. You can see the sketch is completely constrained. Now we will exit the sketch. You can see triangle has been made on this phase, but our object should be in this area. How are we going to use this sketch to create the object somewhere here, by the use of options that are present inside the extrude. You can see this extra Boss. I'll click. The sketch had already been selected, so it has directly taken. Otherwise you can select the sketch. Now, this extruder is forming on the other side. We want it on this side. It is forming on the right side, we want it on the left side. For doing that, there will be an option for changing the direction. Here, there are some arrows, so this is that reverse direction. When you click, you can see it is changing the direction. This is what we want. Now, if you see that drawing here, this feature is starting at 15 MM and it is continuing to minimum. Let us give the dimensions over extrude. Here. We will give this offset. It is starting at 15 MM. Click here to see the preview. Here the offset has been taken on the other side. Here also, there will be a direction change. You can see here. This is the direction change. You can also attempt for giving a minus 15 value, which doesn't work in SolidWorks. But it may work in some other softwares. At a distance of 50 Nyman from the sketch plane. The object has extra did. Now this dimension, we will give us ten MM. You can see this is what we want. At 15 MM, it starts and it continues up to ten of them. And you can see our object is complete. Now let us do that. In Gettier. Here also, we will take the same plane, which is this, and will generate a sketch, will use profile and create a triangle, something like this. This is a horizontal line. We can track the endpoint and connect it with a vertical line. Now, take this vertical line, use the control key for multiple selection. Select this edge and we can go for coincide, will take this line and this edge. And we will go for coincide. Now, the dimensions have been given. Do you remember? Use the dimensional constraints and give the angle here? The angle had been given as 50 degrees, and this length, we had been given as 22 MM. The sketch is completely constrained. Now we will exit the workbench. Now, we will use this pen and select this sketch. Now. This extrude or the parent is forming on the right side, we want it on the left side. We will go for this reverse direction. You can see that tools are the same. The work of the toolsets same. It is present in all the softwares. But you need to know the application of the tool. That is the thing that I am teaching you. You can see the processor that I'm adopting for SolidWorks. I've used the same processor that I'm now using in get yet. Only the use of the tools is different. There we had an icon for the reverse direction, and here we have a button. You can just select it and it'll work to reverse the direction of the objects extruder. Now let's click on More. And here, in this land, we will give a value 15 because I told you in SolidWorks that the extrusion or the parent is starting at 15 and ending to a value of ten. Here, I will give a value of 15 and C, I'll give 15 and see a preview. The 15 is forming on the other side, we want it. On the left side. There is no reverse direction. So here we will give some minus 15 and see what happens. It'll go for a preview. This is what we want. So you have to experiment and know how the things are forming. And then you can apply your dimensions. This total length. If you see here. From this plane, the entire length is 30. Again from this plane, this is 15. If you want to give ten of them here, it should be 15 plus 1025. Here we can give a value of 25. You can see a preview. This is what we want. Now click on OK. And you can see we have completed the model. In this entire course. I'm giving stress on the technique. This is what I'm saying. You can see what technique I'm talking about, the procedure and the technique that I've used for creating the model is same in SolidWorks and Catia. Only the use of the tool is different. Even the tool has options and the functions which are very, very similar or sort to say it is same, only you have to find out where it is. In the next lecture, we're going to see another example that is example 24. 18. Practice Example set 5 - Example 24: In this lecture, we are going to create an example 24. This is the solid model that we are going to create. We're going to move in a phase by phase manner. So to say, step-by-step manner, we are going to create something constraint it creative, solid. Then again, we're going to create something constraint it and create solid model. We are going to move step-by-step and create any complex geometry that we want. Let us start. I'm in charge of that part design interface of Katia, often new file. Now if you see this drawing here, you can see there is a cylinder here. Again, there is a cylinder here. Let us create both these cylinders. We will not create this holds. Always try to create this cutouts, that is holes and the slots later or at the end of the model. Let us create these cylinders first. We will create this add 20 circle and extrude it to 40 MM for creating this cylinder. Let us take this plane. We will take circle. Let us create a circle somewhere here. And we will give the dimensions. First. Let us give the diameter. The radius has been given as 20. Now let us position it. For positioning. From this center to this center it is 80. Let us make it symmetric. So I'll use 40 MM from the center axis to give that position of this hole. Also, from the base, it is 100 mm. So let us give 100 and keep the position of the cylinder somewhere in the upward direction. Let us double-click on this dimensioning. And from this point to this axis will give you a value of 40, that is 80 by two. Again, from this center to this horizontal axis will give a dimension 100 MM. You can see the circle is completely constrained. Now let us exit workbench. Now let us create the cylinder. Here you can see the cylinder is of length 40. We will take bad, select this circle and give a dimension 40. Click on OK. And you can see the cylinder has formed. Now the same cylinder we will make in solid works. I'm inside the part design interface of a new file. Let us create a sketch. We'll select this front plane, and we will create a circle. Now let us give the dimensions. Will take smart dimensions first, let us give the diameter of this. This is of radius 20, so diameter is 40. Next, let us give the dimension of this center. To center. Along the horizontal. The value is 80 by two, so 40. And along vertical. Protect smart dimensioning from the center to the origin. The dimension is 100. The circle is completely constrained. Now we will go for exit sketch. Completely constrained circle we have formed. And now we're going to create a feature which is extra red bars. Select this sketch. Here. We'll give a dimension of 40. You can see the cylinder has been formed. Now let us create a sketch for defining the second cylinder. Will go to the sketch ribbon and select Sketch here. We can click here. We will select this front plane that we have selected earlier. Now, if you go to normal two view, you can get this view. We can create a circle somewhere here. Now let us constraint it. For constraining will take Math dimensioning. This circle and this circle are of same dimension. Let us give equal constraint. So we'll take. This circle. Use the Control key and select this circle or the edge. And we can go for equal. Both. The radius will be equal. Now, we can use smart dimension. We can take this center and this origin, give a value of 100. And again center to origin. Again, center origin along this horizontal dimension is 40, that is 80 by two. The circle is completely constrained. We can go for exit sketch. Now. We will take feature extra boss. And to this we will give a value of, here you can see it is 30. We will give a value 302 cylinders we have harmed. Now let's go to here. And from this same cylinder will take this plane, the same sketch plane on which we have created this cylinders circle. And again, we will create another circle here. We'll give the diameter, the radius to this, which is 20 mm radius. Let us give the dimension from here. This axis. The value is 100. Again, from the center to this vertical axis, the value is 40. The circle is completely constrained. Now exit workbench, use paired. And here we will give a dimension of 330. Enter. Now let us go to the drawing and see what we will do next. Let us create the split at the bag. Minimum thickness plate, which is tangent to both these cylinders. Let us create it. For that. We will take this backfill. You can see, or you can also take this same plane. We will create a rectangle, something like this. We will take this use Control key for multiple selection. And we will make tangency with the circle. This one. We will take these two and create tangency. Now, we have a dimension here. This entire thing is ADMM will give HTML. And now from this line to this axis will give you a value of 40. Rectangle is completely constrained. We will just exit the workbench and we will use pad and give a value of ten m m thickness. You can see. Let us do the same thing in SolidWorks. Now let us take sketch. We will select the back plane or the plane on which we had created the circles. We can take this front plane. Here. We can go for normal two view. Now we'll create the same rectangle here. You can just see the similarity. The procedure for generating the model is same in Catia, whatever I have done now I'm doing in SolidWorks. This is the processor. This is the procedure that you should add up. Only the two replication will be different in both the software's. Otherwise the procedure is same. Now let us see. I'll select this line and select the circle. Tangent. Again line. This cylinder is Edge. Tangent. Will go for smart dimensioning. This entire edge is of 80. From this edge or this line to this point, which is the origin, will give a distance of 40. You can see the rectangle is completely constrained. Now, we will exit sketch, go to Features. We'll use external boss. And let us give the dimension dynamism. Click on. And you can see the next thing that we're going to create, this, this split thickness, which is on this face of the cylinder. What we will do is, you can see here this face and this face has a difference. We will take this phase and we will create a sketch. Now, let us take this normal two views so that we can see the sketch plane. And we will take the rectangle. We'll create a rectangle, something like this. We'll take this line, use the control key for multiple selection and this edge. Both of them will make co-linear. Now, using Smart Dimension will give a value to this, which is 80. Also from here. This origin will give a value 80 by 240, so that the entire rectangle is symmetric. Now we are left out with this dimension, will go to smart dimensions and give a value to this, which is denim. You can see here this thickness is minimum. Now, this will extrude till the last. It is 30 mm. Let us exit sketch. You can see that rectangle and where it is positioned. We'll go to Features extruded boss select the sketch. Will go for reverse direction, which is this will create up to 30 MM. You can see how it is getting created. Now when I click on Okay, you can see this is what we want. Let us go to Catia and do the same. We will sketch on this plane. We will create a rectangle, something like this. We'll take this line and this edge. Go for a coincidence. Again, double-click on dimensioning. This thickness is given as ten. And the position, this is ADMM. From this line to this axis is 40. Can see. Now exit workbench. We will go for this bad. We don't want this side, we want on the other side. So we will go for reverse direction and will give a length of 30. Will see a preview. This what we want. Of course. Click on OK. And you can see this part navigator. You can see this is the latest one. This feature that we have created. Then, then this feature is taken reference of this and this. This is a basically hierarchy. First we have made this and this, this, and this. You can always use this navigator to follow what type of procedure that you have adopted or anybody has adopted for creating a solid. Now let us proceed further. Here in this drawing you can see this split of tenement thickness is created on this back face. Let us create this plate. For that, we will create a rough drawing. Will take this plane, which is the plane containing the circles that we have made. The starting will take rectangle, something like this. Let us constraining these two, we will coincide. Why I'm inserting these two because the a 100 MM I have taken, but by taking the reference of this horizontal axis. So this should be positioned exactly coincide with the horizontal axis. Now let us give the dimensions. Double-click on dimensioning. Now, we will take this line, use the control key for multiple selection and this edge, we will coincide. Now double-click on dimensioning will give a dimension to this. If you see this vertice 60, let us give it this entire VTS 60. Let us position it symmetric. So we will give this value is 30. Now if you see this drawing, there are two filters here, add ten, each side. This atom fillers will create in the sketch, will take this corner, so to say fill it and select these two edges. Again, we'll take these two edges. Now let us double-click on this radius and give a value of R that has been given in the drawing. You can see. Now let us exit the bench. And we'll use this paired click on this sketch to create a solid body. Now we have to give this thickness, which is ten of them. You can see here, this is the minimum thickness. Will give this, as you can see, we have harmed this back plate. Let us do. The same thing in SolidWorks. Will take sketch, will select the sketch and we'll take the front plane. We can select this normal to you. Let us create the rectangle that we have created earlier. And Catia, this is the same rectangle that we are trying to make. We take this edge or line and will coincide with this edge, colinearity. Now, we'll take this edge and we will coincide with this point. That is the origin point. Now let us give the dimension. We'll select smart dimensioning, and we'll give this dimension is 60. Now, from this edge to the origin, this damage is 30 because it is symmetric. You can see that rectangle is completely constrained. Now we will go for the fillers. Here. We have the fillet tool here. Sketch, fill it, click here, we'll give a dimension of our ten. Now, we'll just click here and click here and click on. Okay. So put the affiliates have been made. Let us exit the sketch. You can see where the sketch has been formed. And we will go for features, extruder pass, select the sketch, will give a value here. The thickness is minimum. As given in that drawing. You can see click on Okay. This is that backlit. Now let us create that curve. Here. We have this holds here. We also have this elongated hole. Let us create it. Let us first create this elongated hole. As we have seen earlier in sketch, we had an elongated hole tool. Let us take sketch and will select this plane. You can go to normal view. You can see here this is the straight slot. Click on the street slot. From here to here, this is the spine. We have created a straight slot or elongated hole. Now let us constraint it. When you see the dimensions here from this edge, it is 20 to the center, center to center it is 15. And this center is at a height of 30 of them from this edge. Let us give this three dimensions. Will take smart dimensioning. From this edge to this center. The dimension which has been given is 20. Again, the length of this center line is 15. That is center to center distance. Again, the center line to base a value 30. Here. Definitely I've used this elongated hole, but you can also take two circles and two tangent lines to make this that also I have shown you in the earlier lectures. Now we are left out with the radius of this. Let us check it. Here. You can see that radius is r. So they will give that vertex smart dimensioning and we'll select this. The radius is ten. You can see that sketch is completely constrained, indicated by the black color. Now we will go for exit sketch, and we will go for features. Extruder cut, select this. Here we have options, blind through all and so many things. But we require this true all. Suppose you have created a sketch and it has a dimension. The total dimension of the solid is 40. And you want to cut it entirely. You can go through all like suppose in blind, if I give a value of five, what will happen? It will cut up to half of this plate. But if I want to go through it, then you can simply select through all. So you need not give any dimension. It will cut everything that comes in front of it. Now let us go to Catia and create the same feature will take sketch on this plane. And here also we have elongated hole. If you go to Insert profile, will go to predefined profile and elongated hole. From here to here will develop the spine. You can see very easily we are generating this type of feature. Now, double-click on dimensioning from this point to the edge. The dimension that has been given is 20. And the length of the spine also to say the center to center dimension, is 15. Again, from this center axis, the horizontal axis, this dimension has been given as 30. The sketch is completely constrained, indicated by the green color. Now, we will use this bucket. Cut, this sketch on this body. We have seen that. Like suppose I give you a five. You can see it is cutting only midway. If you want to cut through. You will also have option here. There it was called through all. And here up to last, the meaning is same. Click on Okay. You can see the tools function is same. The name is different. So you need not explore each and every tool. You just need to find the technique that you want to apply. Just relate it tool, do it. That's it. Now let us create these two holes for creating the host. We can take the sketch. We will take this plane and create a circle here. And another circle here. We will do both the circles in SAM sketch. Now, we'll take this circle and this circular edge constant density. Again, this circle and this circular edge constant density now will take dimension, will give a dimension to this. You can see this is diameter 20. Both of these holes are off diameter 20. Let us give it will take diameter and this is 20. Click on Okay. Again, we'll take this diameter 20. Now exit workbench. You can see how the sketch has been formed. Now, we will take pocket. Select the sketch. Here. We can select up to last. You can see a preview. Click on OK. And you can see we have completed our model. Now let us go to SolidWorks. And we will create that two holes. The same process that we have used for doing the whole thing. Ktm will go to sketch, select the sketch, will select this plane. You can select Normal To. And now we'll take circle will create a circle somewhere here. And create another circle somewhere here. That is on the escape key. Now, we'll take this circle, use the control key for the multiple selection and select this circular edge will go for concentration. Similarly, we'll take this circle and this edge and go for concentration. Now let us give the dimension. This diameter is 20. Also this diameter is 20. We can also go for giving equal constraint. We'll select these two circles. And here we can go for equal. Both the circles have been given a diameter 20. Now, just exit sketch. You can see the sketch that we have created. Now we'll go to Features, and here we'll take extruder cut. Now let's select this circle. And here we can take through all. You can see click on, Okay. Now here only a single hole has been created. The other hole we have not created yet. We can take extra cutting in and we can select the other sketch which is not visible. Here. You can see this is the part navigator I have told you earlier. And here this context is the extra that we have created. Here for this, making this whole. Now, we'll right-click on the sketch. And you can see, now I will select this circle. And we can go for through all. Click on OK. And you can see, now we can hide the sketch. We have completed our model. You don't pay attention to the tools that I'm using. You just pay attention to the procedure that I'm adopting. What I want to actually tell you is that technique that I'm using for generating this model is very important. Because if the same technique you use in other software, then you can automatically find the tools related to it. And you can easily learn that software. So that is my objective. In the next lecture, we are going to explore that solid corner dress up tools, which are fillets and tempers. 19. Explore solid corner dress up tools: In this lecture, we're going to explore the solid corner dress-up tools, which are solid and solid. Temper. We are going to find these two tools and practice on a block. Let us see. In Gettier, I have made this. This is a normal blog. The base is 150 and the height is 50. So you can make a cube or something like this. And on this we will practice that solid corner editing tools, which are fill it and temper, but in solid. Let us see, we'll go to Insert. Here. We have this desk of features. And here we can find chamfer. We will take edge, fill it here, click on edge pilot, and we will select maybe this edge. We are selecting the edge of the solid. Now, let us give a dimension. Maybe I'll give some ten MM radius. Now click on OK. You can see this is a fillet, solid edge fillet. Now, let us see. Chamfer will go to Insert Features. Chamfer will select this edge. And we can give a length here, maybe some ten MM and angle 45 degrees. Click on, Okay. You can see this is a chamfer. This is a fillet. Now let us go for chamfer again. Jumper and this edge. Here we have two types of chamfer. One is length angle and other is length length. Length angle already seen. We can give a length and we can define an angle. Let us define the angle is 60 days and see what happens. You can see here, this is longer and this is sort of here. If you go for reverse, you can see the direction is changing. Let us go for this orientation. Click on OK. You can see temper is getting formed. Now, let us go for the other temper. That is distance. Distance will select temper here. And here we will go for length, length. Click on this edge. And on this edge, I wanted to create a template with length 1020 MM. You can see the preview. You can also go for reverse here. Now click on OK. And you can see this is how chamfer and fillers are given to a solid. Let us see this in SolidWorks. Here. In this SolidWorks, I have created this same Q bar that was there in Catia. Now let us create the fill it. Let us find out where the facilities. These are all solid creation tools. These are solid removing tools. Here we have a fluid. Let us click here. You can see fill it and temperature both are here. I'll go for fill it, and I'll select this edge. Here. There are few options. If there is no preview, this won't be visible. We can go for full preview. And here I can give a value, may be some ten MM. You can see the preview here. Just click on OK. And you can see there will be various types of fillet chamfers. This is the basic fillet that we require. Other failures are occasionally used, maybe 5% or 3% chance that it will be used in a drawing. Most of the time, we will use this normal Edge fill it. You should be aware of this tool. Now, let us go for chamfer. Will take this edge and we'll go for chamfer. You can see the preview here, how the temporary is getting formed. In Catia, we had angled distance and distance distance, two options. Here also will have angle distance and distance distance. In every software we have these two options. So you should master these two options. Now. The first one is angled distance. Let us go for that here you can see distances then an angle is there. The distance is 20 MM and angle is maybe some 30 degrees or I can give some 45 degrees. You can see, let me give the distances and ten of them. We'll click on OK. You can see this is a chamfer. Now let us go for other edge and create a different type of chamfer. Here we'll go for distance, distance. You can take this distance distance also, it will have two options. Here you can see symmetric and asymmetric and symmetric. Both the sides equal value of the length will be given. Suppose I give here, you can see both of these direction 2020 has been given. Otherwise, we can go for estimated by using which we can give different distances. You can see here this side is 20 and this side is ten. When you click on Okay. That temporary is getting formula. In the next lecture, we are going to apply the chamfer and fill it on example 26. 20. Practice Example set 6 - Example 26: In this lecture, we are going to practice example 26. First, let us create our basic solid model, and then we will apply the fillers and tempers onto it. First, we'll create this top portion, and then we will go for this bottom cylinder, and then we will apply the holes for creating this top portion. We have this dimensions. Are 25 is the outer dimension and the center to center is 50. Let us create it. First. Let us select a plane. Maybe I'll select this plane. And let us create a elongated hole. You can see elongated hole. I'll take this first is the origin that I did not position it. You can see now this dimension is that radius that has been given as Twenty-five. Twenty-five enter. The center to center dimension has been given as 50. It is completely constraints. So now let us exit and we will use bare and create a solid body thickness thickness. You can see this is 20 MM thick and we will give a thickness of 20 MM. Click on Okay. You can see now let us take the same plane and create another sketch. This time, I'll create a hole. And I'll take this origin as my whole center and give the circle a dimension of, you can see this is 40 diameter. We will take diameter 40. Now exit our bench and we can go for bad. We can reverse the direction and let us see what distance it has been given. This total is 100. We have created the sketch on this face. 100 minus 20 will be our dimension from this phase. This bottom face, we will give 100 minus 20. No need for a calculation. You can give 100 minus 20. Not the same thing I'll create in solid works. Let us create a sketch on this top plane. And here also we have this spread slot. Click on straight slot. I'll select this origin point is my first a circle center. And I will create a straight slot, something like this. Now let us give the dimensions. I'll take smart dimension and we'll give this radius as 25. Next, this complete length, we will give us 50. You can see the entire figure is constraint. Now we will just exit sketch and we will go for features. Extranet boss. You can see along upward direction. We will make a solid of thickness 20. You can see. Now, I can take this plane and create a sketch here. We'll take circle, and I'll select the center. Create a circle. Let us give the dimension. This dimension is diameter 40. Now exit sketch. You can see how we have greater nine features. We will go for extra Boss, select the sketch, and we will give a dimension of 100 minus 20. So it is 80. You can see. You can see that the technique that we are using for creating the solid is same in Catia and SolidWorks. Only the tool has different type of look and name. Otherwise the operation of the two leads also same. Now let us go for creating the holes. Here. We have this counterbore. This outer die is 32 and the inner diameter is ten. You can see that it is ten, so diameter is 20. Let us create this will take sketch, and we'll take this top plane. Now. We'll take the center and create a circle here. This circle dimension is this diameter 32. Let us give the dimension. This is off diameter 32. Now, let us exit the sketch. Go for Features extruded cut. This hole is applied depth of ten. We'll give it a depth of ten here. Now again, we'll take sketch, and we'll take this sketch icon, clearly a sketch on this face. We can take this normal view and we'll create another circle here. Let us give the dimension. This diameter is 20. You can see here this is radius ten. The diameter is 220. Enter. Now let us exit the sketch. You can see where the circle has been formed. Now we can go for features, extra circuit. We can select this circle. Here. We will go through all. It will cut everything on its way. Just click on OK. And you can see very easily we have formed this whole. But it will be further easy if we learn the whole tool in the further lectures. Now, let us again go for sketch and select sketch. On this face. Here we'll select normal view. And we'll make a circle here. We'll select the circle. This edge will make it concentrate. Now, we'll take smart dimensions. Let us give a value to this diameter. You can see this diameter is radius 15330. Enter. Now let us exit the sketch. You can see that actually we will take features. Extra. They're cut. Here. We will go for true. It will cut everything. Click on OK. And you can see, let us go to Catia and form this same features. Will take sketch here. And I'll take this will take circle and create a circle here. This diameter will be, will be 32. Now exit the sketch. Will create bucket. Select the sketch and this distance will be minimum. Now again, we'll take sketch on this face, will create a circle. We'll take the origin is the center of the circle. Let us give the diameter of this as 20. Now exit workbench. Again, we'll use pocket. He was the direction. And here we can go for up to last. It will cut everything on his way. Click on OK. And you can see. Now let us take sketch again on this face. And we'll create another circle, something like this. Let us select this circle and this edge. And we will go for constant density. Now we'll give the dimension to this circle, diameter 30. Now exit workbench will use this bucket. And again we'll go for up to last. You can see here, click on Okay. We have formed over solid. Now we will go for solid editing tools, that is chamfer and fill it. Let us study that ranked first. Let me zoom in a bit so that you can know what dimensions have been given. Here you can see this chamfer doing to 45 degrees. This is typical. That indicates wherever there is a chamfer, it is two into 45 degrees. The chamfer is there here, here, here, here, and here. That's emperor is there here also there is a temper. Even here there is a temper here also there is a temper. So wherever there is a temporary visible, the value is two into 45 degrees. Let us give the chamfer, will go to Insert Features. Chamfer, click on chamfer and the value is doing to 45 degrees will give the length is two MM. And if angle is 45 degrees, now we will just select the objects that we need to chamfer, will select this edge. Again, we'll select this edge, this edge, this edge, and this edge, even this area is also having a temper. Just click on OK. And you can see in one shot all the chamfers have been given to the selected objects. Now let us give the same chamfer to the object in SolidWorks. Here, we will go for chamfer here, angle and Distance. That distance is two MM and the angle is 45 degrees. Now we just have to select the edges. Select this edge. Let us select this edge, this, this, and this direction we have this edge and this edge. Click on OK. And you can see in SolidWorks also in one shot, all the chamfers have been generated. You can see that generation process. It is exactly the same in SolidWorks and cardiac. But if you apply this in any other software, it will work the same. You should learn the technique and not the tool. Now we will take fill it here, and we will give you a dimension. Here. We'll give that idea says five MM. And now we just have to select the edges. Let us select this edge. Will select this edge automatically. It is getting propagator. You can see when you are applying fill it. Don't select too many edges, otherwise it will create a problem. Here. If you see we are going to apply a fill it on this edge also. But here in this corner there is going to be a problem. Do you want to see it? I'll show you, I'll select this edge. You can see everything has disappeared. If I click on Okay, some errors will come. Why these areas are coming, because there is a conflict in this area. Here. Just remove the edge on which we don't want to create. Now, right-click here and delete. These two edges have been selected. Now go for okay. The fluid has been applied. Now. I'll go for fill it again and apply on this edge. You can see the dimension value is five. Now just click on Okay. With this, the model is complete in SolidWorks. Now let us create the fillers in CATIA. Will take fill it. That is the edge. Fill it. And we'll apply a radius of five MM. Simply select the edges, will select this edge and this edge. Now click on Okay. Here. We are not able to see the edges. If you want to see the edges, then we have some rendering options. Or visual styles will see that. But before that, let us complete the flight making process will apply fillet here of five MM. Click on Okay. You can see in every software there will be a visual style tool. If you click here, you can see these are the various visual stays. Now you can see the edges. The first one is something like this. Second is with edges. If you just hover over it, it will show you what actually it does sharing with the edges, without smooth edges. You can see this is with hidden lines and so on. You can experiment on this and learn. Even in SolidWorks, we have W equals tails. Here if you see just have gone. This is with edges. This is just a wireframe. This is with hidden edges. You can see these are the various types of rendering styles on the visual styles. With this, we have completed our example 26 model. In the next lecture, we are going to learn how to create cylindrical objects. 21. Create Cylindrical Objects: In this lecture, we are going to create cylindrical objects. Cylindrical objects like soft gears. And any rotating part can be created by using that tool called revolve. We have to find the Revolve tool. And then we are going to practice simple examples using Revolve tool. This you are going to do in every software. Whichever you encounter. I'm going to do it in Catia and SolidWorks and show you how you are going to experiment. Let us see in Catia I will take this sketch and I'll select this plane. Let me create a rectangle, something like this. Now let us exit. And we will find that revolve tool and different softwares. That river tool is called with different names. You have to find out which is the Revolve tool. Mostly the Revolve tool will be there with the bad or the extra tool. Let us see. We'll go to Insert sketch-based features. And here there is bad. You should be able to identify the tool by using the icon. But I'll just show you and you can understand what is this revolve here in Catia. It is called soft. Click on SAFT. We have to select the sketch. Now, you have to select the axis of rotation. Select this vertical axis. You can see something is happening. When I click on Preview, you can see this rectangle has rotated about this axis that we have selected, which is this vertical axis. And during its rotation, it has created a solid. You can also control the angle. Here. Go for preview. When you click on Okay. This is revolved body. If your sketch is something like this, delete it, and create another sketch. Exit. You can see in an instance, such a beautiful object has been formed. This is revolved. Now, let me show you some different example. Now let us delete this object. I will create another rectangle here. We'll take the same plane and create another axis. Now, I'll take this soft. We'll select this sketch about this axis. You can see how the revolve actually works. Iso view preview. This rectangle has rotated about this inclined line. And during doing sure, it has created a solid. When I click on Okay, you can see double-click on this object. And here we can go for 360 degrees so that it will, it will form a complete ring. Click on Okay. You can see here. Now let us go to SolidWorks and apply this same technique. Will take sketch here. I will select Sketch, and we will take this plane. Let us take line, and we will create a profile, something like this. Now let us exit the sketch. Let us take sketch again and create another sketch. This front plane. I'll create another sketch. Maybe I'll create a straight line, something like this person I escape key. Now exit sketch. And we will go for features. We'll click on revolve boss. Select this sketch. The axis of revolution will select this axis. You can see when you click on OK. For editing, I can go to this navigation and click on revolve. Here I can edit the feature. We can change the angle, like we didn't get yet. You can see here, you can change the angle. Click on Okay. Now this is for forming solid. If you want to remove solid valid rotating, then there is other feature which is called here, it revolved cut. These tools are for removing solid revolved cut. Let us go for sketch. I'll take sketch on this plane. And let me make a sketch something like this. Simple rectangle. You can see. Now. We will go for features revolved, cut, select the sketch. And this axis l select as the same axis that we have selected for the earlier sketch. You can see when I click on the rectangle has revolved about this axis and it has cut the body. This is revolved cut in Catia also we have the same function. Let us check it out. I'll double-click on this sketch and I'll make it straight. Now, let me take any plane may be this plane and create a sketch. That simple rectangle, something like this. Now exit workbench. And what I'll do is we will go for the other tool here, sketch-based switches. We have the shaft and then we have this GRU. You can see we'll click on group. Select the sketch and axis. I'll select this as the central axis. Click on Okay. You can see that groove, the rectangle, when it rotates about the axis, it has created a group. This is how we can create cylindrical objects. In the next lecture, we are going to practice examples set six. 22. Practise Example Set-7- Example-30: In this lecture, we are going to see the application of Revolve tool by using examples. Here you can see this is the drawing that we're going to convert into 3D model. We are going to approach this drawing for creating 3D model, something like this. Here you can see this is the isometric view of the model. We are going to create this center object. And then we are going to create this horizontal object. Let us do it and see. First we are going to create this outer cylinder. We're going to do this example by using Revolve tool. Completely. Of course you can use the pattern. But for practicing, we will use that regard tool in any software. Whenever you practice this model, you should use only the Revolve tool so that your doubts will be cleared regarding the Revolve tool. And also you will learn the application of the revolt tool in the new software. Let us see. First I'll take this plane and let us create a rectangle. First. I'll create a rectangle, something like this. Now we will just take this edge and this axis and coincide. Now let us check the dimensions. Here. This complete height is 50, from center, it is 25. Let us give the dimension. Double-click on dimensioning from here to here. This is 25 and this total is 50. Now this diameter is 50. This radius will be 25. Exit the sketch. You can see we have made it a rectangle. We will select the UF tool, select the sketch, and the axis will select as this axis. Rotation will be 360 degrees. Click on Okay. You can see now we will take the same plane and we'll create another sketch. The other sketch will be something like this. We'll take this origin, will make a horizontal line, a vertical line, another horizontal line, a vertical line. Let us see that drawing. You can see here there are two steps. I'll just make another step, something like this is no need for joining. We'll go for escape key. Now let us constraint this. Double-click on dimensioning. Now let us study the drawing here. This diameter is 2525 divided by two. You can see now from here to here, let us find out what is the diameter given. This is 3232 divided by 216. Now let us find the length here from center. This length is given as 50 and this edge length is given as AD. So from this phase or so to say that line to the center, the dimension is 80. And again, from the center axis, this line, the dimension is 50. You can see here 5080. The same thing is then on the other side. Now we'll take these four lines, five lines, and we'll go for meter. About this vertical axis. You can see the figure is completely constrained. Let us exit our bench, and now we will go for soft select the sketch. Will go for x's as this. It will be 360 degrees, complete rotation. Click on Okay. You can see not the same thing we will make it in SolidWorks. Let us go for sketch. I will select Sketch and we'll select this front plane. Now, let us take this corner rectangle and create a rectangle, something like this. We'll take this edge and we'll take this point, which is the origin point, will coincide it. Now let us give the dimensions. Will take the smart dimensioning. Now this total dimension is given as 50. From this dot to the origin. That is, to the center line, it is given as 25. We are left out with this radius, which is given as 25, diameter 50. Now we'll just exit sketch. Will go for features. Revolve boss. You can see the old boss. Select this and click on. Okay. You can see very easily a cylinder we have home. Now. We will take the same plane on which we have created this rectangle. And we'll create our step portion. Like we didn't get, yeah. We'll take the front plane. You can see this, the front plane here. We'll go for normal view. We'll take this line from this origin. We'll start. We'll create this step portion. You can see will stop somewhere here. On the Escape key. Will take this point and this point. And both, we can make it vertical. This type of constraint. Maybe there in some softwares like solvers, you can just try it out. Otherwise, you can take a construction line and on that you can coincide it. You can also choose the datum planes, that is the front plane, top plane, or right plane. Wish. There are many ways to make the geometry. Now, let us give the dimensions. I'll use Smart Dimension. And we have seen the dimensions. This is 25 divided by two. From here to here. This dimension we had given in Catia as 32 divided by two. The length from this point to this edge, the length is 50. Again, from this end line to this origin point. This is ADMM. You can see the sketch is completely constrained. Now. We can take Mirror Entities and we can choose this line, this line, this line. And this line. These are the five lens that I want to mirror about this center axis. I'm not able to select the center axis. So we can take a plane. You can see, we can take this right plane. We can go for, okay. You can see now will just exit the sketch. Will take features. We will take revolve boss, select the sketch about this axis. That will take place. Now. Just go for, okay. We have the same solid that we have created in Catia. Now let us make the center hole for creating that we will use revolve cut that we can practice. It will take sketch. And we'll take this front plane in which we have created the other sketch. Here. We will take this normal view and we will create a steep portion, something like this. Vertical line, a horizontal line. And you can see something like this on the Escape key to exit from the command. Now, we'll take this line that's on the Control button on the keyboard and select this origin. Both of them we will coincide. Now I will select this edge and this line colinear. Again. We'll select this edge and this line colinear. Just move this down. You can see what we're doing. We are actually creating this profile and we will revolve this, cut this to remove the material. This internal diameter is 32. Let us give it will use smart dimension from here to this point. This is the radius, so 32 divided by two. If you move over here. This diameter is 40. This is the step diameter. From here to this origin point. This is 40 divided by 220. Now we are left out with only one dimension, which is this. This dimension has been given as ten MM. Let us take ten MM. You can see we have developed a completely constraint geometry. Now exhibit a sketch. We will take features and select revolved cut. Select this object or so to say the sketch. And we will select the axis of rotation is this axis. Just click on, Okay, Before that, you check this is 360 degrees or not because we have to remove the material all around. Click on OK. And you can see we have completed our model in SolidWorks. Now the same thing we will do in Catia. We will take this plane, just see the similarities between the two softwares. That technique is same, even though tools are also doing the same work. But only the name of the tool is different and the way the tool is used is different. Now, we can take profile here and create a sketch, something like this. You can see now we'll take this line and this vertical axis. We will coincide, will take this edge and this edge. Use the control for multiple selection. We can coincide. Similarly. We can take this edge and this edge, and we can go for a coincidence. Now we'll just move this. Let us give the dimension. This dimension is given as ten MM. This radius is given as 32 diameters, so 32 divided by two. This dimension has been given as 40 divided by two. That is 20 radius. The sketch is done. Now we will exit workbench and we will just use the groove tool. Select group, select the sketch. We have to select the axis. We can select the cylinder x is odd. We can also select the line of the sketch. Ensure that this is 360 degrees because we want to cut all around. Click on OK. And you can see we have successfully completed example 30. The next lecture we are going to see holes and threads on a solid body. 23. Create Holes and Threads on a solid body: In this lecture, we are going to create different types of hosts and thread on a solid body. We are going to find the whole tool and practice. And also we are going to find that thread tool and practice on it. Here in Catia you can see I have created a model. We have a simple block here and a cylinder which is on the top of the blog. Even in SolidWorks, I have that same model. Let us create hole on this face. For creating whole, we have to find the whole tool. Let us go to this address of features. And we can find the whole tool. You can see there is thread here, and we have the whole tool here in the sketch best feature, some video. Click on hole. You have to select the face on which you want to create the whole. Suppose I wanted to create the whole on this phase. You can see there is a preview of the hole. Now this whole definition dialog box is very important. Here. We can give the parameters of the hole. The hole has few very important parameters. First is the diameter of the hole. Next is the depth of the hole. The position of the hole. These three we have to give. Here we have this diameter and we have a depth for positioning the hole. You can go to this positioning sketch. Click on positioning sketch. And we can position the hole. You can give a dimension maybe from this edge to this whole center. We can give you a value of maybe 30 and can take dimension again from this edge to this hole. We can give a value, maybe some 50. Now exit or bench. And when you click on Okay, a whole has been formed. You can see not the same hole we will create in SolidWorks. Let us go to SolidWorks and let us see where is the whole tool. You can see there is a hole wizard and we have an arrow here. When you click, there is a dropdown menu which contains three types of. The first is the Hole Wizard, advanced whole and thread. Let us go for whole wizard so that we can create a hole. Here you can see there are various types of holes. We want to create this straight hole. Now, I have told you there are three parameters that we have to feel. First is the diameter, second is that depth, and third is the position of the hole. First, let us see the diameter. Here. You can see this is the size of the hole. There are some standard size available, but if you want to take custom sizing, you can click here and we can give a value, maybe some. Next here, this end condition is the height. Here it is true. All we can go for blind hole. Blind hole will have a depth. Let us give some depth, maybe some 20 MM. Now let us take position here. You can see the position. Click on position. Where do you want to place the whole? I want to place the whole on this top face. Click. And you can see, I'll position it somewhere here. And if I take the normal view, you can see we can use the sketch tools to position. Suppose I will take this smart dimension from this edge to this whole center, will give a value, maybe some 25. And again, from this center to this edge will give a dimension, maybe some 55. Now, we will close this dialogue and you can see the whole we can see the preview of the hole. Just click on OK. The hole has been generated. This is a blind hole. There are various other types of holes that we can create. If you edit this, you can see these are the various types of holes. This is counterbore. Click on this and you can see a preview. This is the type of hole we can create. Here. There are various standards. We can go for this ISO standard here and here. Size we can take maybe some M2M. You can see this is the standard size. Here there is a fit which is a predefined dimension. But we can go for custom sizing. And in custom sizing, you can see this icon and understand what is the dimension. This is the smaller diameter. This is that bigger diameter. This is the depth of this bigger diameter. And this is the angle, this is the tip angle. You can give this parameter. And when we click on OK, you can see this is accountable. So similarly, all the other holds we can create. Let us delete this whole will just right-click and delete. Now, we will take whole again. We'll take this whole wizard. We'll go for this. We have another hole here, strep tab. You can directly create a hole with that thread. Here we can select that standard is ISO. And we can take bottom tapped hole. You can try this options out. Here. We will take a third. Maybe we will create m for 1 third. This is the depth of the hole. This is up to one dimension. You want the thread to be made. Here it is 34 dimension and up to 28 that the third will be made. Now let's position the hole will go for positions. Click on this phase. Will position it somewhere here. We will take normal view. Now, we will go for smart dimensioning. From this center point to this edge will give a value, maybe some 20. Again, we'll take this point and this edge will give a value, some 55. Except this and this. You can see. Let us go for the rendering. You can see the hole is formed here. Now this is a symbolic thread. We can go for the real threat. We will use control and jet key to undo. Now, let us create a whole again. We will take hold wizard again. We'll select hole. Now, we will go for this ISO whole. We can take deal size. And here we can drill dimension of you can select here, or you can also type. You can use custom sizing. We'll make a size of diet dwell hole. Here we can go through all. The hole will be made throughout the body of this block. Why I'm making this diet 12 whole is we are going to create m 14 into two MM. So for that diet, well hole is required. We will take positions and I'll select this face and position maybe here. You can give the dimensions. We have created the hole. You can see here. Now to create third, we can go for select this edge of the hole on which we undo create the thread. And we will select the dimension, will go for metric tab. And the size is M4. Can see em 1414 into two MM. You can also select right hand or left hand. Third, you can select multiple start. And so many things are that you can explore yourself. My job is to tell you the basic thing that you should learn when you are learning a new software. Just do not experiment on threats. We require only simple threats that we can apply onto our normal models. We don't need any advanced thread. We just need to select a standard third, and we need to apply. Just click on Okay. And you can see the thread has formed. But here there is a problem. It is not cut. We will find out F method of how to cut it will select here. And we'll select on this edit feature so that we can edit the thread. Here. In the starting we have an offset. Lets click and see what it does. You can see offset gives us starting distance to the third. Here. If I go for reversing this direction. You can see from ten MM earlier to this phase, it starts and it ends at a distance. The depth from here to here is 30, and here to here is ten. The total is 40. When you click on OK, you can see this is what we wanted. This is how you can create a thread in SolidWorks. Now this is internal thread. We can also create external thread. Click on Third Thread Location. We can select this edge. And you can see the third is getting formed. Here. This end condition will go for up to selection. To this face we will create third, you can also go for blind and give a dimension, maybe some 20, so that it will form up to certain length. The dimension of this circle that I've used for this extrude is 14 MM. So directly it is taking 14 into two MM. You can see here we can select 14 into two. If it is not getting selected. Just click on Okay. Here it is showing the error unable to cut thread on cylindrical phase. Use extra thread instead. When you operate new softwares, you may encounter these kind of errors. So you have to solve this. Don't fear this errors. The errors will contain the tips that you should follow for making your feature. Now it is saying Unable to cut thread on cylindrical surface, use extrude thread instead. Let us find where is this extra thread. You can see here in threading method, cut thread, is there an extra 30 is there? Let us select Extrude thread. The color of this thread has changed. When I click on this tick. We have on this extra return, this diameter of this circle I have created as to LMS, when I have used 14 MM, it has created such a thread. We want to cut this out and we don't want to form a thread upon it. Let us click here, right-click and edit feature. Now if you move down, we have to find out what is the problem. The size is okay, M4 into two MM. Because our circle has a diameter of 514 MM, we can easily format. But here in type you can see it is metric tab. Tab. As the name suggests, tapping is done pot holes and not soft. Soft. We can do by using die. So we will use Metric Die like this year to analyze. Then you have to find out the right tool. If I click on this tick. Here, we have used this extra thread. Instead we can use Cut thread. Click on Okay, again. And this is what we wanted. Can you see? This is a perfect trend. But still there is a little problem here. We can solve it by using the offset edit feature. We'll click here, upset. Reverse this. And here also we can take a value of some party. You can see just click on Okay. Now our thread is perfect. This is what we wanted. We have seen hole and thread on SolidWorks. Let us go to Catia and finish up our whole making process. Will create hole by using this icon, click on. Select the face. Here. When you go to type, you can see there are various types of holes. Deeper hole, counterbore, counter sunk. The similar type of options are also present in Catia. If you go for counter board, it will have this step dimension. You can see this 15 MM is this step dimension. The diameter of this bigger whole, and depth is this height. So counterbore heightened depth. You can also see it is given here. So you just have to explore them dialog box. And you can understand. Now here, this inside diameter is ten mm and inside depth is 20. Let me give it as 30. When you click on OK, you can see this is a counterbore. Let us delete this whole. Let us double-click on this. We will take a diameter of two elements and the depth, maybe I'll take some 50 MM. Click on. Okay. You can see now we can take thread by using insert. Sketch myths features will go to desktop features and use Tab. Now we'll select the area where we want. The thread will select this. Now, the limit phase is this. You can see that thread is getting formed. This is the thread diameter, but we can take type as some thick pitch, symmetric thread of thick pitch. And you can take that thread 14 into two. Amen. Now let us double-click on this hole. We have this third definition here. Just click on this thread ID. And we can create, create a threaded hole directly. We can go for thin pitch or take pitch. Depending upon your pitch, will take 14 MM. Let the thread depth will be almost maybe 25, and the whole depth maybe some 40. You can select. You want to write third or left thread. Click on Okay. And Okay, again, you cannot see that trend in Catia, but it will be there in that part navigator. You can see this hole. This hole is with a thread. You can see this icon. It is a thread, not the similar type of thread. You can make it on this extra little circle. Let us go to Insert dresser features. We have thread here. Just select this face on which you want to create the third. And the limit phase is from where you want to start the thread. I want to start the thread from this phase. You can see the thread depth. We can give that thread diameter. Already the diameter has been made. So we can give that depth at some 20. Here. In case of diameter, we can take metric thick pitch M4 into pitches to MM. That's it. You can use right-handed or left-handed. Third. Click on Okay. You won't be able to see the third, but you can see that thread here. This is how third and holds are getting generated. You'll be clear about this when we use this in an example. In the further lectures. In the next lecture, we are going to discover plane creation tools. 24. Discover Plane creation tools: In this lecture, we are going to discover the plane creation tools, which are very important while learning solid modelling. We are going to find that plane creation to location. And we are going to create two types of planes. First, a plane at a distance from another plane and plane at an angle to another plane. These are the only two options which are very important and we should know it. There are many other options by using which we can create different types of planes. But in most of the time we require these two tools. Plane at a distance from another plane and a plane at an angle to another plane. Let us see. We have three datum planes. You can see these are the three datum planes. Suppose we want to create a plane at a distance to a plane. Maybe. Suppose I'll select this front plane, right-click and show this so that we can see this is a plane, this is the front plane. Let us find where the plane creation tools are there. If you move over here, there is no what named as Blinn. So we'll move over here. Reference geometry. There is a symbol which indicates except plane. Let us click here and see. You can see here we have the plane hidden here. In this way you have to find the plane tool, which will be in reference geometry in SolidWorks. Click on plane, will select this datum plane, which is the front plane. And you can see many options have come here. This is the distance up to which we can make a plan from the selected plane. When you click on OK, You can see new plane has been made. This is offset plane. Even if you consider this. Phases of the solid. Phases of the solid are also planes. If you want to create a plane taking this phase as the reference, then we can click on plane, select the face, and you can see a plane is getting generated. You just have to give the dimension. Click on, okay. And you can see a plane has been made. What is the use of these planes? You will know it when there is the application. We have an example in the further lectures which will help you to understand what are the application of this plane creation tools. Now, suppose we want to create a plane at an angle. Maybe we will create an angular hole or anything which uses this angular plane, has to have an angular plane. So we'll take plane. What I will do is suppose we will select this plane and we'll select this axis. You can see, we can click the angle here and we will give you a value may be some 45 degrees. Angular plane has developed. So we have to select a reference plane and then axis. So the reference plane will be oriented along the axis, angle, whatever you will give here, when you click on OK, you can see this is angular plane. Suppose we take sketch and we will take this plane. Let us take the normal view. Let us create a circle here. Exit sketch. If you see here, the circle is created on this plane and it is oriented at an angle to this solid. Suppose will take extrude cut and will select this circle, will give a value. Maybe I'll go for through all and click on. Okay. You can see how beautifully angular hole has been created. There are various applications of these planes. But at first, by learning a new software, you should know how to create these two types of planes. Don't move around and select so many types of planes and get confused. You just focus on two types of planes. One is creating a plan at an offset to another plane, and creating a plane at an angle to another plane. That's it. Now let's go to Catia and gender, these type of plants. Here we have the same block. Now, we will find the plane tools. We'll go to Insert. And here we are not able to find any plane generation tools. When you right-click here, there are various types of toolbars that are. Present here. We will find the reference elements. You can see the reference elements here. In Catia, there is a certain problem. These toolbars hidden somewhere inside this area. You have to drag it and bring it to the front. If you have this type of problems, always you can refer to YouTube, but you need to have the knowledge what you are looking for. I'm giving you the knowledge. You have to look for plain creation in Catia using the option offset and at an angle such this in YouTube, you will definitely get the answer. I'm showing you the step-by-step procedure that you should adopt for learning any type of software. If you go for learning the plane creation on your own, then I'm sure that you will explore all the plane options. And then at the end of the process, you will be totally confused. As a part of the procedure. I'm suggesting you to learn only the offset and at an angle. Plane creation methods. Not the other methods, only learn these two methods. Now, here we have this plane tool. Click on this plane. I want to create a plane at an offset to another plane. We have this datum planes here. Just select here. And you can give a distance, maybe some 20 MM. You can see we'll go for reverse direction. Here. A plane is getting formed. When you click on OK, you can see very simple creating a plane at a distance. Again, we'll take plane. We can take this phase. And at a distance, a plane can be created. Click on Okay. You can see, now let us go for creating a plane at an angle. We'll take plane and maybe we'll select this face and we'll select this edge. Before that. You can see here, there are so many options. No need to go through all these options. When time comes, you will automatically explore these options. But for now, we want to learn this angle normal to plane. Click on angle normal to plane. It is asking for a rotation axis. We will select this as the rotation axis. You can give the angle. You can see the angle is getting formed. When you click on OK. You can see this plane is at an angle. This is how the planes are getting created by using two options. One is upset and the other is at an angle. The next lecture we will know about that duplication tools which are used in solid modeling. 25. Know about the Duplication tools for solid: In this lecture, we are going to make a solid modelling process easy by learning that duplication tools. We have seen this duplication tools in sketcher, that is the sketch module of Gettier and SolidWorks. And any other software will also have that duplication tools in the sketch module. But similar tools are also available in the solid modelling application of any software. That duplication tools are circular array, rectangular array, and mirror. We're going to find this duplication tools and practice using some basic objects. Here in Catia you can see I have created some features. This is a simple block with a hole here. You can take any dimension, it doesn't matter. This is a simple block with two different types of features. You can see there is a step feature which is cut, and there is a step feature which is extruded. Here. There is a cylinder and a whole. This type of model you should make for learning that duplication tools. It may be any software. You should create these models. And then you apply your duplication tools that you will learn better. In SolidWorks also, I have the same type of objects. You can see dimension doesn't matter. Only the thing is, it should be similar to this objects. Now in Catia, let us create a rectangular pattern. Let us start with this model. We will create a rectangular pattern. We have seen this rectangular pattern in Sketch or module or the sketcher application. We can create a set of holes in a linear direction arranged in rows and columns. We can create that directly in 3D also, let us see. First, we will select this hole and let us go to Insert. Here, we have this transformation features, rectangular pattern. Click on rectangular pattern. And you will find that there are some options in this dialogue box. Here, the number of instances, that is, how many number of copies you want to create for this existing original object. Some of them will go for three copies or four copies. And this is the spacing. You have to select a direction. Let us give a direction along this edge. You can see a preview. This is how the pattern will look. Now, you can increase this instances. You can also go for increasing the spacing here. You can see, if I go for preview, you will be able to see a preview of the object that is getting formed. Now this is direction one. Along the second direction also, you can create some copies of this object. Here we have second direction. Number of instances, we can increase maybe three. Here, the very important thing is selection of the direction. We will select this edge to define the direction. You can see. Now we want to do it on the other side so we can reverse this direction. And if you see a preview, this is the type of feature that is getting generated on the object. When you click on OK, you can see this is a rectangular pattern. Now we will see a circular pattern or polar, or polar pattern will select this hole, will go to Insert transformation features. And here we have circular pattern, click on it. This is also very similar to the rectangular pattern, but this will operate in a circle. Let us increase the instances. And here there is reference direction. This direction is the axis along which the entire pattern will rotate. So I will select this cylinder. It will take the cylinders axis. You can also create a line or an axis and define it. You can see four are getting formed because we have selected for here. Here there are many options available. You can take instances and total angle. If you see here, the total angle is maybe some 360 degrees. So this four will actually propagate along the total angle. But my suggestion is if you go for instances and angular spacing. You will have more freedom. Suppose I will go for some 45 degrees. Total for instances are getting formed. Many gopher preview. You can see here. You can also increase this instances. When you click on Okay, this is circular pattern. Let us create this in SolidWorks. Let us search for the rectangular pattern. If you go over here, these are creation tools. These are solid making tools. These are solid removal tools. And these are the tools which are used for duplication because we can see the pattern here. You can also see the icon. Here it is called linear pattern. Click on linear pattern. It is asking for the direction. This is direction one, direction two features and faces that you want to pattern. I'll select this hole and let us give that direction, which is this. I'll select this direction. You can see directly the duplicate objects are getting formed. Here. We can go for some five objects. You can decrease the dimension. Your wish. According to the drawing, you are going to give this value. Now, you can also go for direction to, which is this. We want it on the other side. So we can go for reverse direction. You can see the preview. You can control how many objects you want on the other direction. And you can control that distance. When you click on, Okay. This is rectangular pattern. Now let us clear that polar pattern. Here. The polar pattern will be there always close to that linear or rectangular pattern. When you click here. The polar pattern is also called as circular pattern in some softwares. So we'll click on the circular pattern and let us select the direction. This direction will be the axis along which the entire pattern will rotate. So I will take this cylinder, it will define the cylinders axis, the direction. And which features do you want to pattern This feature, which is a whole. Now, how many features do we want to make? You can see these are the number of instances. You also have the angle here. You can see equal spacing will create equal spacing along the degrees that you specify here. Now, when you click on OK, you can see this is circular pattern or polar pattern. Now we are going to create middle. For creating mirror, we require a mirroring plane. Now in this object there is no mirroring plane. Let us create a mirroring plane by using our plane creation tools. We had seen the plane creation tool here. Click on plane and we will select this plane. We want it on the other side. So maybe this works. I'll click here, flip upset. And you can see it has worked. Now. We'll give a dimension. Maybe we'll give some 60 MM. No, Let us give it a little bit more. Let it be 80. Now click on OK. You can see a plane has formed here. You can see this plane. Now. Let us create a mirror. Let us find the middle dual first. The mirror tool will always be nearer to the pattern tool. Here. Directly we have mirror tool here. Otherwise we can click here and we have the mirror tool here. Click on meter. First, it requests the mediating phase or plane. So this is the mirroring plane. And which features do you want to middle? I want to mirror this feature. You can see, just click on, Okay. Now let's click on mirror again and again. We'll click on this mirroring plane. Features to meter will select this feature. Just click on this. You can see very easily we are able to meter. Will see the application of this duplication tools in the next lecture, where we're going to create an example. Now let us create mirror in KTN. Select this bucket. It can select the pocket here in the part navigator. And we will go for middle. We'll go to Insert transformation features and we have the mirror here. You can explore the interface and find out where the mirror to list. It is very easy to explore, you know, how that works. And then you enter inside the new software, you will obviously find the icon, that icon. I am sure that by now you will be able to identify what it is formed. Like here you can see there is an icon, something like this, a plane, and there is an object this side, and there is an object on the other side. This is a mirror tool. Rectangular pattern will have something like this. You can see the icon will be something like this circular pattern. The icon will be something like this. That's it. These three are sufficient for you to know for operating any type of software, will click on meter. And it will ask for the middling element that is the mirroring plane. I will select this plane. Click on Okay. You can see here. Now let us go for this object. This is bad. So we'll select this in the part navigator. And the icon is here. You can see mirror trick on meter. It is asking for the mirroring plane, which is this. Click on. Okay. These are the standard objects that you should create for practicing duplication tools. These are the three duplication tools that maximum time you will use. You need to know only these three duplication tools. In the next lecture, we are going to practice a real industrial part, which is example 32. It will have the application of all the tools that we have learned till now. 26. Practise Example Set-8- Example-32 -Part-1: In this lecture we are going to practice on example 32. You can see this growing. This is the drawing of example 32. It uses so many tools that we have learned till now. You will see that whatever we have learned till now is sufficient for making this type of industrial part. In SolidWorks, I have created a new part file here. Let us check out this drawing. First. We're going to create the cross-section, and then we're going to revolve it to create this base solid. And upon that, we are going to create some operations to produce such an object. Now, for creating this course section, we need the dimensions. All the dimensions are given here. Let us first create a rough sketch and then we will see the dimensions. Here in SolidWorks. We will go to sketch, select Sketch, and we will select this front plane. Now, we will take line tool and create a rough sketch. I'll select this origin is my first. I'll move horizontal, then vertical, horizontal, vertical. And I'll create such a figure. I'll trace this point. You can see I'm able to trace this point. And I'll create a vertical line to connect. Press on the Escape key to exit from the command. Now let me use a visual tools and bring the figure the center of the screen. Now let us give the dimensions. I'll click on Smart Dimension and let us start giving the dimension. I have created a rough sketch of this profile. Now let us give that I mentioned from one end. Here you can see this diameter is 60. We will give this diameter is 60. This is 60 divided by two, so 30. Now from here to here, we want this diameter. From here to here, this is 120. So the radius is 60. Again, from here, two here, we have a diameter. So to say a radius. This is not given here. We'll just move and C, you can see this is 300 diameter will give a value of 150 here. This is 150. Again, this length, that is the radius is also given. Let us check it out. We want this diameter or the radius. It is not given here. Let us check out in this view, you can see this is 100. Mm, will give it as 50. Now let us give the height's first, let us give this height. This height is given as 50, and this idea is 20, this is 30. Let us give it. This height is given as 50. Sketches disfiguring. So we will just move it and position it so that we don't get confused. Now, we will take smart dimension and we'll give this dimension. This is given as 20. Again, let us zoom here. And we will give this dimension, which is 30. Again, let us move this it up and we will give dimension to this line. Here. You can see it is 15 plus 1530 MM. Let us give you a value of 30. You can see the sketch is completely constrained. We will exit sketch. You can see we have completed the base sketch, which will form the main body of the part that we are going to make, will go to features. And we will use revolve boss. Select the sketch. About this center axis. It is automatically getting revolved. Click on Okay. You can see this is our base body. Now in Catia also, what I have done is I have created the same sketch. You can do it yourself. It is very easy. I've also given the dimensions here. You can check this out. Now, we will exit the workbench and we will go for soft. Select this object or so to say the sketch. And x's, we will select this axis. Click on okay. And you can see this is our base body. Now, let us study that drawing. We will create the failures at the last. So don't worry about the failures and tempers. We will create it at the last. Let us create that difficult portions first, and then we will go for the EEG portion. Here. There is this D slot. Three T slots are presented here. You can see the dimensions here. Let us create that T slots. For creating the T slots, we will use a trick. You can see the heights 1515. Ada is 15, and again this area is 15. The dimensions of the T slots are given here. This is 59 membered and this is 30 remembered. Let us start making it. Go to caveat. Here. Select this face and you can see we are in the sketch plane. Now, we will create a rectangle. Something like this. Will give a word to it. This is the top rectangle which is off 59 membered. Let us give the width. There's 15 MM, 15 enter. Now let's position it somewhere here. And we can use symmetricity or you can also give the dimension. The dimension from here to here is 15 divided by two. Now, there is a problem in the drawing. We don't have a position of this slot. Let us assume a position. Maybe from here to here. This position is maybe some 35. You can see it is constrained. Now just exit sketch. Now. Let us use this bucket. Select the sketch, will give a depth of 15 MM. Click on Okay. You can see the slot has been formed. Now again, we will take the same slot phase and create another sketch. We'll take another rectangle, select this line, and this edge of the slot. Coincide it. Now we will give the dimension. This dimension is that is given in that drawing. Here you can see it is 30 and it is symmetrical about the axis. I can give it a dimension. From here to here. It is 15. Let us exit the bench and we will go for pocket again. Select the sketch, reverse the direction, and we'll give it a depth desk 15. Click on. Okay. You can see we have created that's not. Now let us go to SolidWorks and create this slot. Will go to sketch select image, and will select this plane, will take plane normal and we will create a rectangle here. Now let us constraint it by giving dimensions, will use smart dimension. From here to here. This dimension we have given as 35. And this dimension has been given in the drawing as 15. From this point to this line, we will give a dimension 15 divided by two to create it symmetrical. You can see it is constrained only. This is left out. We don't want to constrain it because it is ultimately not getting used. Now, we will take features and we'll go for extruded cut. Select this object, that is the sketch, and give a value of 15. Click on OK. And you can see the upper portion of the T slot we have formed. Now let us go for sketch, select Sketch and we will take this plane, will take plane normal and we will take rectangle. You can see we are creating the rectangle here. Now let's give dimensions. Before that. Let us coincide this edge with this line. Colinearity. Now let us take Smart Dimension and give a dimension to this, which is 30. From this edge to this origin point, we can give a value of 15 is constrained. So let us exit the sketch. Now. We'll go to Features extruder cut. Evaluate 15, click on. Okay. You can see this is the T slot. Now, there are three numbers of these teeth slots. So we have to go for polar pattern or circular pattern. Click on circular pattern. Here. We will select this phase. Both of these we will use for creating pattern. And the direction we will give this cylinder is axis. The number of items that we require is three. You can see, and the angle is 360 divided by three. It is 120 degrees. Click on, Okay. You can see very easily we have formed the other two slots. Now, the same thing we will do in the game. Here. We'll select this pocket. This pocket, both of these pockets will select, we will take circular array or circular pattern here. We will create three instances. First, let us give the direction. We'll choose the direction as this axis of cylinder. You can see how it is formed. And here we can go for 360 divided by three. You can see, click on Okay. And we have formed the slots very easily. Now let us see the drawing. We have from that T slots. So this upper portion work is complete. Now let us create this center counterbore whom? This upper diameter is 40 to a depth of 20, and this inside diameter is 30, up to last. So we will use these parameters and create the whole will select this face. Here in type, we will select counterbore hole. The upper diameter that we have seen here is 40 to a depth of 20. Will give that 40 to a depth of 20. It is giving some areas because here we have selected blind hole so we can select up to last because we are going to create a through hole. The lower diameter is, let us see the drawing. It is 30 mm. So we can give a diameter here, GMM. You can see the preview here. Now we'll go to type and here we will give a depth of 20. You can see. Now just click on Okay to create the whole. But we have not positioned the whole. So just double-click on this and we can go for position sketch. By default it is coming at the center, but it is not constraint. We can select this Holst Centre, which is representing the whole, and will select this circle. Both of them, we will create concentrated. I know you will have doubts how a point is getting concentric relation with the circle. Just imagine that this point represents a complete circle and not just a point. When you are selecting the point, we are selecting the whole diameter of the circle. Concentric relation is getting generated. Will exit the sketch. Now. Just go for okay. You can see now let us save this file that we don't lose the data. Now in SolidWorks also, we will do the same thing. We will take this whole wizard and here we will select this counterbore. Let us give the dimensions. Here. We can move down, we can select here. So custom sizing here, all the data is available. This whole size is the internal hole, that is the small rule, which is 30 diameter. This is the counterbore size, which is 40 diameter. This is the counterbore depth, which is 20. Now let us give the position. We want to make it on this phase. And let us position it. You can see I'm able to direct position it to the center of this the center of this circle. Click here. No need to position it directly. It is getting position on. You can also go for positioning it. It's your service. When you click on OK, you can see the counterbore has been created. Let us save this file. Go to File. Save As in the desktop. Save this file as example 32. Now let us create the other features. Let us create these holes. You can see these are also counter bore holes. There are six of them. So we will create one whole. And we will use polar array or circular pattern to create the other holes. Let us do it. The position of this counter bored, you can see it is related to this slot. With respect to one slot will make the whole at 90 degrees and accordingly on the other holds will be made. Let us see. We will take Hole Wizard. Here. We will take this counterbore. So custom sizing. Here we'll give the dimension. This outer diameter is 30 into ten MM depth 30. Here, this outer dimension is 30. Into the minimum depth. The inside hole is 20 into 20 MM depth. This is 20 MM, depth 20 MM. This is diameter 20 MM. And here we can give a blind depth, which is 20 MM. Now let us position the hole. Will select this face and we'll position it somewhere maybe here. Let us constraint it. Take this plane normal. Let us create it at 90 degrees. What we will do is we'll select this whole center and we'll use Control key and select this origin will make it what tickle you can see it has aligned. Now with respect to this slot, this hole is at 90 degrees. Now we have to give the dimension of the center from this origin will go for smart dimensioning from this center to this origin will give a definition of you can see the pitch circle diameter or the PCD is true for t. So we have to give here 11 to 0 Enter. And the whole is positioned perfectly. Now we have to just click Okay, here. It has been made. You can see now we will select this hole and go for polarity. But before that, let us go to Gettier and do it. Here. We will take this whole and we'll position it somewhere here. We'll first position the sketch so that we don't have any doubts. Take this point and use the control key to select this plane. And we will give a constraint coincide. Click on OK. Next we will give a dimension from this point to this plane. This was the PCD, which is 240 divided by two or 120. You can see the positioning has been done now, exit or bench. Now let us give the dimension of the whole. Here in the type, we will select counterbore. The diameter of the counterbore is given as 30, and the depth is the minimum. Here. We'll go to extension will take blind here. The diameter, we will give you a warranty, and the depth we will give us 20. Now click on OK. You can take this bottom is flat or V, You can see a preview here. We'll take V, bottom, click on Okay. You can see a single counterbore has been generated. Now we'll take this whole and we'll go for polar or circular pattern. Here we will take this reference element as this cylinders axis. You can see a preview. We're going to create total six instances because the drawing you can see there are six holes. Here. We will take six instances and we will decrease the angle here. This angle, I'll make it 360 divided by six. You can see a preview. Now click on OK. And you can see all the holes have been made. Now we'll save this file. Let's go to SolidWorks and create the array. The pattern will take circular pattern. First it is asking direction, so we can give this axis of the cylinder. Next, we have to go for selection of the features that we want to make pattern. You can see now we want to make six number of objects, the copy. You can also go for instance, spacings. We can give 360 by six, like we have done in CATIA. What do we can also go for equal spacing and give 360 here, click on OK. And you can see how easily we have gender are these holes. Let us save this file. 27. Practise Example Set-8- Example-32 -Part-2: Now let us see the drawing here. Here there are two holes which are threatened holds. If you see here the dimension is M20 into 1.5 to number of holes. Let us generate it. And also you can see they're positioned at 160 MM apart from each other. And of course they're symmetric. So let us do it. Let us create the whole first and then we will give the thread, will use Hole Wizard. And we can click on this, which is normal rule. And let us give the dimension. Now for creating the third of M20, we have to create a whole size of 18.5. Let us give this size as 18.5. It is a through hole so we can go for, we can go for through all. Now let us select the position, will select this face and position somewhere here. Go for plain normal, and here, let us position it. Will select this center and select this origin. And both of them, we will put them in a vertical axis. You can see the position is perfect. Now we can go for the hole has been made. Now to create this hole on the other side, we can use middle will select here. We'll take meter. We want to select the face or the plane. Let us go for. You can say this is the front plane, will select this front plane and features to meter is this hole. You can see a preview of the object that is getting formed. Now click on OK. And you can see now let us create that third on this holes. Will click on 30-year. Select the third location, which is this. Here, we can give the end condition is blind and we can increase this value so that a little more amount of thread will be formed so that it will be true. Can you see here, instead of Metric Die, we have to select metric tab. Do you remember that B is for internal die is for external threats. Now the size we will take as M22 into 1.5, which we required. The drawing, you can see M22, 1.5. Here you can see M 20 into 1.5. So now we can go for, you can see that trend has formed here. This portion is left out, so we have to use the offset. Select this right-click and edit feature. Here we have this offset will give you offset distance of some ten MM. Will reverse this. You can see, and we will increase this blind hole depth to up to 50. You can see now just click on Okay. Now that there it is, perfect. You can create the same type of thread. On the other side will select, I, will select this edge, which defines where you want to create the third, all the parameters that we had earlier will be copied here. So we just need to click on, Okay. You can see the same thread has been applied on this hole. Also. Let us save this file, go to File and Save. Now let us create these holes in CATIA. Will take this poll on this phase. Let us position it first. Position it by taking this whole onto this plane. Coincidence. Next, we'll take dimension between this point and this plane. 160 divided by two, which is AD, no exit workbench. And counterbore is getting formed because earlier we had generated counterbore. Now we will use normal simple thread. Here. We will select up to last. Because we want to cut through an entire, will select simple hole. In the third definition, we will select threaded. Here directly. We can give the value metric ten pitch and let us give the standard that we want to use. We have a trade-off, M20 into 1.5. So we'll select here M20 into 1.5. Here. Instead of dimension, we will take support depth. You can see now just click on Okay. The standard hole has been formed. Now we'll select the standard hole and we will go for middle. This is the icon formula. Click on mirror. The middling element is displayed. Click on OK. And you can see, let us save this file. Now, we will go to the drawing and see what is left. There is a slot here. You can see this is the slot. Let us gender this load. This slot is aligned to this this load. We are going to create the slot by taking a reference of this T slot on both the sites that slot is present. So let us create this kind of sketch. Then we will see what is the dimension. We have to create the sketch somewhere here. We can also create a sketch on the center plane, but let us take offset and create a plane on this face. If you see here, this dimension is 60. Let us offset 30 and create a plane on this phase. Offset it at 30 MM from this plane. I'll select the plane tool and select this plane will give a value 330. And you can see now we will take sketch and select this plane. We require a sketch, something like this. What we can do is I'll take a circle and create a circle here. We'll take this point, use control, annual, take this axis, coincide. There are many methods to do this, but I'm using the simple method that if you use this method in a new software, you will be able to complete the model and you will have the confidence. We could have also used elongated hole or we could have also directly they can fill it and created this rounded. There are many options, but for now, we will simply create a figure, something like this. You can see I can create a tangent here directly on the Escape key. Take this and convert it into vertical. Take this line. Use Control key for multiple selection, and take the circle. And we will go for tangency. You can see now if you see that drawing, this is 30 MM and this width is 16. Let us get this dimensions. This is 16 MM. From the center. This axis. This is 30. Let us dream the unnecessary portion, which is this. Also this. You can see now we will exit our bench. Now let us cut it. We will use this pocket. Select the sketch. Now how much we have to cut that? We have to see. If you go to the drawing here. The depth of the slot is given here. This is 50 MM. You can see from this phase to this phase is 50. From center it is 25. This entire diameter is 60. From center it is 3030 minus 25 is five women. We have to cut five. Mm. Mm. You can see a preview. Click on OK. You can see now directly I can select this pocket, use the mirror tool, select this plane. Click on, Okay. You can see we can also select this plane and hide it. The same thing let us do in SolidWorks. Let us take this right plane and we have this plane here. Now. We will create a plane. Offset this plane to a distance of 30. Click on Okay, you can see we have formed a plane of 30. Select this plane and hide it. This is the new plane that had been formed. Now we have to create the sketch that we had created in CATIA. Will take sketch, sketch on this plane, will select plane normal. And we will create the sketch like we had done in get. Yeah, you can see this is the circle. Produce smart dimension will give the position of this. This is 30 MM. Let us create two lines. Will create a line here. And here. I have told you not to use auto constraint. So please don't use it now. Later on when you are completely experienced, that time you can use. We'll take these two values. Tendency. Again, we'll take this and this circle and take tendency. Nowadays Trim Entities. We'll trim this, this and this. Now let us give the dimension that is the width. The dimension of this is given as 16. From this edge to this origin. This will be 16 divided by two. That is ADMM. Now exit sketch. You can see now we'll go to Features Extrude Cut value of five MM. Click on Okay. You can see the processor is same if you're doing CATIA or in SolidWorks or in any other software, the processor is same. Now, we will select this slot and go for middle. We'll select meter here. And we have to select the mirroring plane. We can use this right plane and features to meter. We can select this. You can see. Click on okay. You can see here we have Honda slots. You can hide this plane. Now we are left out with the fillets. Let us see what are the fields that I have to be applied. Here. We have to apply a filter off ten here, five, here, five only. These are the fillers that has to be applied. Let us apply it. Then 55. This we have to apply ten MM fill it. So let us take fill it. We'll select this edge. Will give a dimension ten mm. Click on. Okay. You can see again, we'll take this edge here. We will give a dimension of five women. You can see, again, we can select this edge also. Click on Okay. With this, we have completed our model. This is a pretty long video, but my objective was to show you that the procedure of making any model, any complicated model, will be the same. But the tools that you are going to use in different types of software will have different name, but will function same. So you must know that application of the tool, how to use it. You can experiment and learn. There is no problem. In Katie also, we will use the fillets and complete the model. Will select this edge fled and select this edge will give you a value of ten. You can see. Now again as pillared will select a value of five and select this edge and this edge. Click on. Okay. With this, we complete the model in Catia. The next lesson, which will be a live session, we are going to apply the techniques that you've learned in this four days. To decode Fusion 360, we're going to use the techniques and we're going to learn Fusion 360 during this live session. I'll see you inside the lysosome. 28. Project-1: Decoding Fusion 360 : Part-1: In the previous lectures, we have discussed how to follow them master plan. Here we have this step-by-step plan template. You can download this from the resources section attached with this lecture. Now, we will use this master plan and decode Fusion 360 software. We are going to open fewer than 360, and we're going to decode it by decoder. I mean, we are going to learn it. First. We're going to start with exploding and adapting to software's interface. Under that, we have to first launch the software application. And then we will explore the gateway, open a new file, and then explore the interface of the new file. Do remember, you should download this file, this master plan template that I have opened here. And you should open it and follow instructions as I am demonstrating in this lecture. Let us start. First. You can see here this is the icon of using 360. Let us double-click on the icon to open the Fusion 360 software. This is the loading screen. And here you can see our Fusion 360 software has launched. Now, as we had discussed, that the first thing that will open after you launch application is that gateway. We can consider this as the default gateway using 360. And let us see what all are present here. Here, we have this solid surface mesh. These are the ribbons and all are active. This indicates we might have open a new file. Let us check. Here. We have untitled tab. If we close this, not closing. This is the default gateway of using 360. Let us go to this top left corner. That will get the icon here, which is a new symbol. And here we have new design, new electronics design. So many things are there. We will just click on new design. When you see that I have two tabs. Each tab represents a single file, so we have now opened two files. For closing the file. There is there is a x here. Click on this, and it is closed. This is a new file. It is pretty simple interface to understand. Now here we have this Create Sketch button. Here we have extrude revolve. So these are all solid creation tools. If you click on this career sketch, it will be skits creation tool. It may take us to sketch application. Will see that. Here we have this design generative design animation. So these are the various applications. These are the sub applications of this application. In that design application, we can design solid models, we can design surface models. We can design mesh, sheet meters, some plastic bodies. These are some utilities. The first step is complete. In the second step, we are going to launch and explore the sketch application. We will find the application menu, select the sketch application and longitude. Find three datum planes and three data Max's. Select the right datum plane. And then we will get into the sketch application and explore the interface of the sketch application. Let us see this. Let us first find the application minimum. In Fusion 360. This is the application minimum because all the applications that are present inside this design module on here, we want to create a solid. And before that, we want to create in which we have to enter inside the sketch application. Let us click on this Create Sketch. Just hover over any icon and you can see a preview of what the icon or the tool does. You can see you can create holes. These are pattern. There are so many things here. Let us click on Create Sketch. Now, as soon as you click the Create Sketch, you will get this datum planes. These are the three datum planes, x, y, z, and x. And these are the three axis. This green color, blue and red. Let us select that right, the template, maybe let us select this plane. We have entered inside the sketch application of fusing 360 software. If you see here, solid surface mess all at that and the sketch application has highlighted. All the tools represents sketch tools. That is, we can create geometry, that is 2D geometries of a sketch using these tools, the very first two laser line. And we have a rectangle, circle. And so many tools are there. Here. We have this navigation bar, product tree, model tree. It can be different name for different softwares. Here it is called browser. You can browse through whatever options are tools that you have used for creating the model in this tree. Here we have some palette, is called a sketch palette. Here we have line type. Look at, we don't know what is this sketch grid. If you click, it displays the grid. Just click and see snip. So this may be for snapping the points on the line. Profile parts. So dimensions, so many things at which you can use later. But very first thing that we have to do is create a line. The next step if you see, it's discover basic sketching tools, which are lining trim. Let us discover that basic sketching tools inside a Fusion 360 software. We have to find the line tool. The line tool will be always present at first. If you see here, this is line. Let us click on Line tool. And what do you require for creating a line? Just two points. Let us click here. And I require another point. Let us left-click here. You can see a line has developed. Then simply I have to click. And it will generate Lines. Press on the Escape key to exit from the command. Escape key is that universal key? It will work in any software for deactivating that current activator command. Press on the Escape key. And you can see the current activator command is lying, which has now been deactivator. This is how you create lines. Let us select and delete it. This window selection is also present in every software. You can select all the lines within the window and pressing the Delete key on the keyboard to delete. This is also universal. Some tools are there which had universally accepted and it can be used for any software. Now, let us take the line tool again. I'll create something like this. This is a stop. And let us find that trim tool. Here. These are all creation tools. Then we have this modified toolbar. So our team will always be present in modifying. The first one is filtered. Here we have trim. You can see the icon. It clearly suggests that this will be Tim. Click on this Cesar icon, which is trim. You can see very easily we are able to trim. The Scream also works the same way as we have done in SolidWorks. Get, yeah. If you select here, this is also getting trimmed. A very good thing that we noticed, press on the Escape key to deactivate that trim command. Let us click on Control plus Z to undo. Control plus jet keys, also universally accepted command, which is for undoing the last changes that we have made. If you see here, this blue light blue area which is highlighted, indicates a sec closed boundary. So this is also very useful so that you will know that there is no open loops. This is line tool and trim tool. Let us move further. We will find out the visual tools and that shortcut keys. This is the fourth step. The visual tools are pan, zoom, and rotate. Let us find it. Let us press the middle mouse button and move. Now, let us click on that right mouse button and move the most shortcuts that we are getting. We don't want this person the escape key. Now, press on the middle mouse button. And we'll press and give the right mouse button and move. Nothing is happening. Next, let us roll the scroll. This is June. In the mouse. We have got to visual tools. First is ban, which is by pressing the scroll button and moving the mouse. Next, that June, which is rotating the scroll. These are the two visual tools which you can use only the mouse and activate. Now, that Rotate tool, maybe activator by using the keyboard button. And the most. Let us press on the Shift key and press the left mouse button. Nothing happens. Now let us keep the shift button on the keyboard and press the scroll of the mouse. There is a icon displayed which seems to be rotate. If I move the mouse, this is rotate. You can see how you can explore and research which are the visual tools without getting any help. But still if you are not able to do, then you can always use the help of YouTube. Google. This is rotate and pen. These are the three visual tools. Let us move to the next step. We have to find that Constraint tools and this concept of constraining already we have discussed in Catia and SolidWorks, the same concept of constraining will work in every software. We just have to find the Constraint tools. Constraint tools are dimensional constraints and geometrical constraints. Let us find out where are those. We have modified tools. Here we have that Constraint tools. If you see here, this is horizontal and vertical coincide tangent equal. So many things are there. These at all that geometrical constraints, dimensional constraints. If you see here, this icon seems to be that dimensional constraints. The next step we are going to create a perfect rectangle. The next step, six step, we are going to create a perfect rectangle that we are going to draw 100 into 50 MM rectangle and we are going to fully constraint it. Then we are going to find that tool for exiting the sketch application. We are going to explore how to save the file and open it again. Also, we are going to see over constraining an inconsistent constraining which produces colors and messages during constraining. Let us start. First, let us delete this style. We'll just select it by a window selection. But before that, if you see, let me press the Shift button on the keyboard and I'll press the mouse middle button and rotate. You can see this is the notation. We have to see that normal view, that is View normal to the sketch plane. So let us find out where is this normal view. Also, we are going to find out the orthographic projection views, the isometric views. If we come here, there is no view panel here. Will come here in the sketch palette. Yeah, This is something called looked at. As the name suggests, this may be something related to the visual tool. Let us click this and see. Look at yes, this is the tool using this look at. The sketch has reoriented to over perpendicular view. And now we can see the plane perfectly and the sketch is also perfect. Let us go for orthographic projected views. If you see here, this is called a view cube. This may be presented in many softwares. You should know how to use this view cube. Here. This is home button. When you click this, this is the default view that you get in Fusion 360. If you can read here, this is front view, top view, right view on the views at that here. That will be icon here. You can see this is drop-down. Click on this. This is orthographic projector view, perspective view. So many things are there. If you want to take the front view, you can click here. You can see. If you select this arrow mark, it rotates. You can see your required view. But in any case, if you want to look at click on this. By default, we will be in the front view because we have selected that plan. Will select this front view. You can see this is the view in which we will be working. Let us create a perfect rectangle. I will delete this star, select it, and delete. Now, let us pick line and create four lines to create a rectangle. So do you remember how I had done it? I will just select here. I'll select maybe here, here, here, and here. This doesn't look like a rectangle. We are going to make it a rectangle. Always use this type of line structure and constraint it so that you will be convergent with the application of the constraints. First, let us go inside these two points. Here. This is coincident, just hover over the icon and you can see This is the coincident icon. It also has active. You can read this and understand. I'll click on coincident. It is activator. Now I will select this point. And this point. You can see I would figure it is closed, which is indicated by this shaded interior area. Next, we will go for horizontal or vertical. I will make this line what Tikal? This line horizontal. Let us go for perpendicularity between this line and this line. You can see very easily we are able to apply that constraints. Your concept of constraining that you have understood using the SolidWorks and CATIA will also be useful in this Fusion 360. This is parallel. Click on parallel. I'll use a parallel constraint between this line and this line. Now it looks like a rectangle, but it's not 150 rectangle. We have to give that dimensional constraints. I'll click on this dimensional constraint. When I select here. This is giving you a length, but we are not able to give the dimension. So this may not be that tool. The Escape key to exit from the command which is inspect. This myth. Maybe to measure that. Here you can see it is showing that tip reports, distance, angle, area, or position data from the selected object. This is not that tool. We have to find that dimensional constraints. If you see here, this looks like a dimension and it says sketch dimension, create the sketch dimension. This is our dimensional constraint. Click on this. Now if I select this line, yes, I am able to give that dimension. This is 50. Enter 50. And if you select this line, 10100, this is about 150 rectangle. But if you move it, it is moving because it is not an elected to that references, which is the xs, the x and y-axis. Do remember that if you have a software which doesn't have this axis by default in the sketch, then you can always unhide the planes. The planes are hidden. So you can unhide the plains and use them as x's. You can also create two lines and use those two lines as, as x's. I'll select this line. This is our audience in. So you can make two lines. We'll select directly to this auditing point and create a line, maybe something like this. On the Escape key to exit from the command. Again, we'll take another line from this perpendicular line. So this represents over x axis, represents our Y-axis. The later part, we are going to see that difference elements. How to reference elements? These are the reference elements. If you want. You can just convert this into reference elements. Now, I'll select this, maybe right-click. And let us see where is this reference elements. Cleared selection set, extra sketch dimension, non-metal or construction. I think this is the option because construction is also a name for reference elements. We are going to use this construction elements. Click on this. Yes, this is what we want. Select this line. Right-click construction. You can see now, I'll just move this and keep it somewhere here. Let us give the dimensions. Click on this dimensional constraint. From this line to this line. This is 25 because we want to make it symmetrical. Again, from this line. Before that, you just see the color. This color is black. Constraint geometry is black in color. This is not constrained. This is not black. Let us see if it converts to black. After we give this dimension, we will take this damaged or constraint from this line. This line, this value is 50592 key. You can see all the lines have been converted into black. That means the figure is completely constraint. Using this concept, you can practice examples set one. Now let us exit the sketch application and explored how to save the file and open it again. For exiting, we have to find something which is related to exiting the sketch. Here, if you see there is something called Finish Sketch. So this will be the icon. Let us click this. Yes, we have exited that SketchUp workbench. We have come to the 3D modelling workbench. Now, let us go for saving the file. For saving the file will go to this file menu. And here we have serum. Click on Save. And this is the same window where we are getting this location at some admin project. Here. We are not able to get over my computer, the local disk in our computer. This is some default space where it is getting stored. We don't want that. We wanted to store to our preferred location. Let us give a name to this, a rectangle. If we move over here, we have the save button. Click on Sue. Here you can see the Phi limits change to rectangle. Now, if I go to this file menu and we will click on Save As does it give us space to us. Know. Here also, we don't have any folder of our desktop, any of our hard drive. So let us go again to this file menu. Let us go to export and see what is the area. Click on export. Here we have this location S, C, Users and download. Here we have icon. Click on this. Here you can see we have got preference for saving it inside our computer. Let this be dead inside downloads. Let us create a new folder here. Maybe we will name it as some project. Double-click on this project folder. And here I will name this as rectangle. And if you see here, the type is achieve. These are the various types of files that you can see. This is F 3D. Click on save, export. Here. If you see this message, it means it has been. Let us click on show in Explorer. And if you see here, this is the file rectangle inside of this project folder. Let us close this and let us close this file also. Go to file. And we don't have closed here. We can search for this cross. We have a cross here which starts the application. And we also have a cross here with such this file. Click on this cross. The file has closed. Let us go to this file menu. And open. Here we have this open from my computer. Click on it. We have this project folder here under Downloads. Click on rectangle, click on Open, and we have our rectangle here. So this is how we can save the file. If at any point of time you have problems in searching a command or doing an operation. You can always refer that Google odd YouTube, that you will get some videos which can help you. Now, when I double-click on this rectangle, it is not taking me to the sketch application. So let me select here. When I right-click here, we had this Edit Sketch. Click on Edit Sketch. And now we are inside the sketch module. Let us give another dimension here. I'll take dimension from this line. This line. This is over constraining. If you see this message, it means that this dimension is not required. Adding this dimension will over-constrained that sketch. Choose OK to create a driven dimension. We don't want this dimension to be created. Click on Cancel on the escape key. Now, these two are perpendicular. Suppose I take parallel and I'll select this line. And this line. You can see an error message has come failed to solve. Please try revising. Dimensions are constraints. So it is not taking. This means we will not be able to give any constraints. We should not give a new work constraints. Also, you'll get these messages when you have inconsistent geometry, like we have seen in Getty and SolidWorks. Press the Escape key. Let us finish the sketch to exit. By using the knowledge still now, you can easily practice example set one, which composites of this example 1.1. This is the example 1.1. You can create this example all by yourself and practice the line tool very easily. It only use the concept that I have taught in Catia and SolidWorks while doing this example, the same method you will use, but with new tools in a new software called Fuse and 360. Till now we have seen Step 1234567. In the next lecture, we're going to move forward to creating a circle by using Fusion 360. 29. Project-1: Decoding Fusion 360 : Part-2: Welcome to part two of decoding Fusion 360 using our master plan. Here we have this master plan. We have seen up to this rectangle in the last lecture. In this lecture we are going to continue with circles. In step eight, you are going to create a simple circle and constraint it. You have to first find out the circle tool inside the sketch application. Let us get into Fusion 360 and do this task. For creating a circle, you have to get inside the sketch module off Fusion 360. So for that, we need to create a sketch. Click on this sketch icon, and let us create a sketch maybe on this plane. Now, we want to create a circle saw for creating a circle, you can find out where is that creates circle icon. Here in the script section, we have a circle here. It is very easy to find out the icons by, by looking at it, because visually you can see the icon. Here it is this circle. Here is a rectangle. So if I say you to find the circle icon, it is very easy. Let us click on the circle icon. For creating a circle, we required a center and the radius. Just click and drag. Can you see we have defined a center. Now it is asking for the diameter. Let us click somewhere here. But it's on the Escape key to exit from the command. Now let us give the dimensions are so to say, the constraints. I'll take sketch dimension. First. Let me give the diameter. Maybe I'll give a diameter of some 50. Next. Let us give that distance. So we don't have any axis here, but we have the Autism. Let us find out if we can give the horizontal and vertical dimension with respect to this origin. Let us click on this autism and center of the circle. And you can see we are able to give the horizontal dimension. Click here. Maybe I'll give some 40 here. And again I'll click on the center. And this origin, this is the vertical dimension. Click, you can see the circle has become black. That indicates it is fully constraint. Here maybe I'll give some 60. So you can see the process of constraining a circle is same in Gettier, in SolidWorks and also infused in 360. And it is same in all the other softwares. So you have to work out this similarities between the softwares. Then you can remember all the softwares irrespective of the brand of the software. Like it may be Creo, it may be SolidWorks, it may be inventor. Any software you require. You can operate by remembering this few techniques. Pressing the Escape key breaks it from the command. Now, let us delete this circle. Let us make it again. I'll click on the circle icon and create it here. Press the Escape key to exit from the command. Now, suppose this centre of the circle, I want it at the origin. First option is we can take circle that actually we can create the center of the circle at this origin. You can see and drag and make this circle. Now, you can just give the dimension. Maybe I'll give some 40. You can see. What I can do is press on the Control jet key to undo. You want to put the center at the origin. We can take this coincide center to origin. You can see that ugly. The center is getting constrained because it is black. Now you just have to give the nitrogen. So this is how we can create a circle and constraint it. By using this meter. You can practice example set to, which consists of example 56. This is the example five. You can download the drawing. This is Example six. You can make these two drawings and you will be perfect with circles. But you have to remember that the method that I've used for creating the sketch, that is example 56 in the lectures that I've taught by using SolidWorks and get the same method you should use and do this. In Fusion 360, It is a task for you attempted and you will be imaged how you are able to do it. It's a great feeling. But still, if you have doubts, you can contact me and I'll help you out. The next step is explored reference elements and corner editing tools. Already we have seen this reference elements. It's called construction elements in Fusion 360. But we will see it again. And then find that temper and filler tools. Then we will take a rectangle and the apply chamfer and fill it. These three substeps we are going to do in step number ten. Let us do it. Like I had told you earlier for construction elements. And select this curve. If you see here there are no construction elements. The select this and right-click. You'll get the construction element here, normal or construction. Click on it. This circle has converted into a reference element or a construction element. Now let us delete this. The next step is to find the temperature fillet tool. If you see here. This is great toolbar here. You won't get that chamfer and fill it. Then when you come here, this is the modified toolbar. Here we have this fill it because I can see the icon and identify, but there is no chamfer. Let us click on this drop-down window. Here we have jumper. There are three types of chamfer here. Equal distance, Chamfer, distance, angle, and to distance. Let us first create a rectangle. I'll click on this rectangle tool and create a rectangle, something like this. Press on the Escape key. The best thing is you can also open the saved rectangle. I created a chamfer and fill it on that. If you wanted to do that. We'll click on Finish Sketch here. And here. Let us go for open. Open from my computer. And we have saved it in our project folder. Rectangle. Click on Open. Here you can see we have our rectangle here. Let us go to sketch, and here we'll click, right-click. And we will go to Edit Sketch. Click on Edit Sketch. Inside the sketch at interface. Now, let us go for filler. Click on fill it. Fulfill that we require a corner or that side edge that included edges. Here you can see, you can give the dimension. So let's turn him. But it's online Turkey. You can see the Fill. It is completely constrained. It's a very powerful tool in Fusion 316 for creating fillets. Now, let us go for chamfer equal distance. Simple. Click on it. Select this edge and this edge. You can see both side is, it is equal. Both the side it is equal, that is minimum. Whereas on the Enter key, and you can see the chamfer is ready. Similarly again, we'll go to Modify chamfer. If you see here distance and angle temper, click on it. Of course you can see that tip here. It is showing how the thing is getting created. You can see the distance and an angle and understand how it will form. Even in this two distance chamfer, you can see 20 MM. In fact, DIMM is given. You can create variable distance fillets. Let us click on this distance and angle chamfer because this is the maximum used option for creating chamfer. You can create, you can select the corner or you can select lines. You can see this is the distance. You can give a distance of maybe some ten of them will give you an angle. This is the angle. Angle will risk. Suppose some 60 degrees plus press on the Enter key. You can see chamfer has been generator starts very simple tools that you can easily access. By using these tools, you can practice example set three, which composites of example 11. This is the example 11. You can create this as I have done for SolidWorks and Kate, yeah, you just see our lectures. And then the similar fashion you have to do it in foods and 360. Next, you should know about that duplication tools inside the sketch or module. That duplication tools are a rectangular array and meter. Let us find out these tools. But it's on the Escape key to exit from the command. Let us maybe delete this. We can move to this other file. You can see this is one file and this is another file. Let us get into the sketch that I click Edit Sketch. Let us create a circle somewhere here on the Escape key to exit from the command. Now, let us find the rectangular array, rectangular pattern tool. Here let us see there is nothing called rectangular pattern. Because it will compose of multiple objects that the icon will compose. A rectangular pattern or any pattern or edit icon will consist of multiple objects. Here, if I'm not able to see any such kind of icon. So let me find out somewhere inside if it is available. Let us click on this Create. It will display a drop-down. Here. If you see this ETO, this indicates something is that hidden inside. So you can click here and we can find that a lot of things here. Among them. This is the rectangular pattern. If you hover over it, you can see it is saying duplicates, sketch curves in rows and columns, which we want to click on the rectangular pattern. Now, we will select the object, which is this. Then it is asking for direction. Maybe I'll give this as the direction. Along this direction it is asking how many quantity do we want to create? Maybe some five. And it is asking how much distance you want to give. Let the distance be about ten. Let us see what happens. Next. Along this direction. Here the quantity is asking about the electric be three, and the distance will give some 20 MM. If you move this. Yes, we are able to move. The flexibility is there. Also if you move, you can see here in quantity we will give some for maybe and let this V3. You can move this and add-ins. So accordingly, you can give the distance. You can just make this and analyze how that thing is getting formed. When you click on OK, you can see very easily we have created a pattern. Now let us create a circular button for that. Maybe I'll create a circle and inside circle, let me create a circle. Somewhere here. Press the escape key. Now we'll go to Create. And we'll go to surplus Pattern. Click on circular pattern. Select the object. We'll select this object and center point. Maybe about this center point, we want to create some pattern. Then it is asking for the number of objects that you want to create. Suppose I want to create maybe some five objects. Whereas on the Enter key. And you can see that pattern has formed five objects uniformly. They have distributed about this center. Now suppose we want to edit it. You can go to, you can see here one icon is there. If you click it, maybe double-click it. Here we are able to edit. Objects is correct, center point is correct. But suppose we don't want full circle. We want at an angle here, we can give that total angle about which this five will distribute. Maybe the total angle, I'll give some 180 degrees. Click on Okay. You can see at 180 degrees, the five-halves been farmed. It is pretty easy and you will be able to do it in any software. You just have to explore the options just to give you a value and see what happens. In this way, you can experiment and find out which option does what inside the dialog box. Now let us create mirror for meter. Let us create a line. Because about a line that things will get mirror the escape key. And we'll go to Create. We had seen meter here. Click on meter. Now, we want to select the objects to meter. Maybe these are the objects which we want to meter mirroring line. Select this. You can see it's very easy to meter. These are the duplication tools which you can use to create your drawings very easily. We have completed till In step 12. Now, using those tools which we have learned in SketchUp, we can create example set for that is composed of example 11.5. This is an example of learning 0.5. We have created this example 11.5 using SolidWorks and Catia. Using the same method, you have to create this infused and 360. Before doing any example, you have to see the video which I have created for making this sketch in get the end SolidWorks so that you'll get an idea how you are going to approach infused and 360 with the same procedure or approach. You are going to use the tools of Fusion 360 and do this sketch. After completing this example, you will be pretty confident on sketcher module of Fusion 360 or any other software. In the next lecture we are going to see step number 14, which is solid modelling application. 30. Project-1: Decoding Fusion 360 : Part-3: In this lecture, we are going to start the part three of decoding Fusion 360 software using our master plan. We are going to start Solid Modelling application. Here in this 14 step, we have to launch and explore that solid modelling application. And there are some sub steps that you should follow. First, let us open that 150 MM rectangle file that we have saved earlier. Next, Find the solid modelling application icon and launch it. Then we have to explore and find the extrude tool. Use the rectangle to clear solid. Then we have to explore that extra dialog box. Let us start. We will start by opening the 150 MM rectangle that we have stored earlier. That will go to this file. We'll go to open, open from my computer. You can browse to your location. Click on the File. Open. You can see this is the rectangle. We are in the 3D solid modelling application of using 360. Now, let us create a solid from this rectangle. So for that we will use the extra tool. By default, we are inside the solid application. Once you click on the Finish Sketch or exit sketch, you will be directly brought into the solid modelling application of fusing 360. So here we have all the solid making tools. Let us move this icon. This is extrude. If you see here we have a tip. This tool does. You can also read this and find out what is this tool form. Let us select on extra. There is only single sketch, so it is getting automatically selected. Here. This is the extra window. Here we have many options. You can just bounce through these options and you can get it. Because these options will be very similar to the options that I taught you in the pad or the Extrude command in SolidWorks and Catia. Here. Basically we have to give the distance. Suppose we give a distance of 70. You can see that's a 100 has been formed. Click on OK. Press on the Shift key on the keyboard and press the scroll and move the most. This is the rotate, which we have explored earlier. Now let us create another sketch. We'll click on Sketch icon and maybe we'll create a sketch on this face. Let us create a rectangle, something like this. Click on Finish Sketch. Let us go to extrude again and let us select the profile. Here. We are able to select the area inside that profile. Which one do you want to extra? Suppose I wanted to extrude this area. Maybe I want to extrude 30 MM. Not on this side. I want to extrude on the other side. So maybe if I give a minus, Yeah, It is going on the other side. Now, let us rotate and see this is what we want. By default it has taken cut. Click on, Okay. You can see based on control jet key to undo. Again, we'll go for Extrude and let us select this area again. Here we have so many options. You can explore each and every option, which is very similar to Catia and SolidWorks. Here. This is profile plane offset. Offset means at a distance it will start. If I go for this minimum ten, remember it is going to start. Let us give a distance the same 30. You can see here. At ten amendment is starting and going to a length of 30 hammer. You can just practice the options by selecting it and feeding some parameters. You'll get the result. If I go for offsetting minus ten. Distance also I'll give minus. You can see what is getting formed. By default it is cut. Click on, Okay. By now you will be confident on extra. You can use this extra rule to create examples set five, which is composed of example 1.2 and example 24. This is the example 1.2. You can create this very easily, but You have to follow the process that I have adopted for making this model in Catia and SolidWorks using the same process. You can do this very easily. This is example 20 for both these models you can create. Next, we have to explore solid corner dress-up tools which have fled and Chamfer tools. So let us find those tools and applying it on our block that we have created. This same block we're going to create, fill it and chamfer. Here. These are the career tools and these are the modified tools. You'll get chamfer and fill it in Modify tools. If you hold it over here on this icon, you can see these are fillers. Let us click on this filler tool. And as usual, we have to select an edge. Maybe I'll select this edge. Let us give a value here. Will give you a value, may be some ten mm. You can see how nicely the phyllite is getting formed. Now just click on OK. And you can see just click on the edge. The edges on which you want to create the filler. Give the dimension you will be getting affiliate. It's very easy. It's this easy in all the softwares. Let us find that chamfer tool here in this modified toolbar. I'm not able to get it. Let us click on this, modify it because it is showing as the arrow, which is very small. And it is saying there is something hidden here. Let us click on this. And if you see there are so many tools and we have what chamfer tool here? Click on chamfer. Now let us select the edge. Maybe I'll select this edge. It is asking for distance. Will give a distance of ten. When you click on Okay. You can see very easily we have developed a chamfer. Now let us select the chamfer tool again and let us see what all are there inside. Here. This type of chamfer by default is equal distance. We will have ended up two options. Obviously. One is two distances, which is used for creating different distances. Then we have distance and angle. Click on distance and angle, which is the most used tune. Let us click on this edge. You see here. It is asking for the dimension, maybe ten mm. And the distance, by default, this 45 degrees is there. 45 degrees will be maximum used in all the chamfers in your all your drawings. But in some exceptional cases, we also have a 65 degree temper. If you want to create deeper phase, then it will have a different value. Whatever is that, you can give a value here. Suppose it is not for 200 degrees, maybe it is some 30 degrees or 60 degrees. You can see click on Okay here. And rotate. This is the angle and distance sample. By using the solid corner dress of tools, you can create this example Twenty-six of examples, set six. This is the example 26. Again, I'm saying you have to follow the same process that I have used in Catia and SolidWorks in the previous lectures. You just see those lectures once again and attempt example 26 using Fusion 360, use the same process and you will not have any problem. Now the next step is create cylindrical objects. So for that we will use it revolve tool. First we have to find that evolved tool. And then we're going to do some simple examples using the revolve tool. Let us find it. Let us create a new file. We'll create a sketch. Maybe we'll create a sketch on this plane. Let us sketch be something like this. Pressing the escape key. Now finished sketch. Now let us such varies this Revolve tool, this is extrude. This is that evolved tool. And you can see what it does. So let us click on this developer tool. And automatically the sketch has been selected because only one sketches then in our entire file. So by default it has been selected. Now it is asking for the axes. We have three axis here. Let us select this axis. And you can see very easily we have developed a revolved object. Let us click on, Okay. This is it evolved object. Now let us edit this object. What editing this object? We can just select the object. And maybe we will right-click and see where is the option to edit this object. Shell. Here we have Edit Feature, edit profile sketch is also available, but we want to edit the feature. Click on Edit Feature. In this Edit Feature window, we can see here the type is angle. And there are some more things, but we will go for angle. Let us create an angle of sums to 70 degrees. And if you see the object has revolved to 70 degrees about this selector axis and created a revolved body. So the process is same. It may be Fusion 360, It may be Gettier, it may be SolidWorks or any other software. You just have to follow this process and you will be able to do the object very easily. Now click on OK. And you can see, now let us create another sketch. We'll click on the Sketch. And maybe we will create the sketch on this plane, which is the same plane on which we have created the other sketch. Now let us go for this two-point rectangle. Or we can also create a four lines. And maybe we'll create a rectangle, something like this. But it's on the Escape key to exit from the command. Now, let us go for a finished sketch. Now let us click on the wall and it has automatically selected our sketch that we have made. For revolving. It is asking for the axis. We will select the same axis. Something has happened. You can see a preview here. It is cutting the body while revolving. When you press, Okay. You can see a slot has been formed. This is the Revolve tool. By using this Revolve tool, you can very easily create examples set seven, which contains example 30. This is the example 30. Again, I'm saying for doing this example parity in Fusion 360, you have to follow the same approach that we have followed for creating this example 30 in Catia and SolidWorks. Follow those lectures and do this object. In the next lecture, we are going to create holes and threads on solid body. And we are going to see the other steps. 31. Project-1: Decoding Fusion 360 : Part-4: Welcome to part four of decoding Fusion 360 using our master plan. We have seen up to this cylindrical objects in the last lecture. In this lecture we are going to do the step 20, which is create holes and threads on solid body. Now suppose we have a block here. And on this block we want to create a whole. Let us find where it's the whole tool. In create. This is hole. You can see you have to identify with the icon. That is a block and it has a hole inside. So this is a whole tool. Click on hole. And let us select a face on which we want to position the whole. Suppose we want to position the hole on this face. You can see very easily it has been positioned. Now, we have to select that references. Let us click on Select here for reference. And we'll select this edge. You can see we can give a value here. Maybe we will give some value of 30. Here you can see the position has been given from one side. Let us select the reference here, and we'll select this side. This set position also, you can give maybe some 50. When you click on OK. The hole has been formed. This is the same procedure that we have adopted for SolidWorks and Catia for making the hole. The procedure is same. Now let us click on this whole maybe right-click and let us see how to edit it. Here we have this Edit Feature. Click on Edit Feature. Let us see what are then inside this edit feature dialog box. Here you have this extends. It is distance to all. You'll forget about. These two will give distance. The basic thing. Now the whole time. This is simple hole, counter bore, counter sink. Click on counter bored. When you click on counterbore, all these parameters it is asking which you can give. Depth is 4022 is this upper diameter. One of them is the distance. Let me make it some tenement. You can see the preview here. This is ten mm. This hole diameter. Let me make it some 15 MM so that you will be able to clearly visualize. Here. This angle is 118 degrees. Click on OK. You can see in this way you have to experiment and find out all the options that are available inside the dialog box. It is very easy. You can do it. Let us go for a control plus Z to undo. Now let us create threads. Threads can be measured directly by using a hole. There will be some tool for thread. Let us find out what is the option available in Fuse and 360. Let us click on that whole again. Here we have this whole type type tab indicates it, say turn it at home. Let us select this phase. And let us go for whole tab type. Will go for tab. You can see a preview of the TEDx. You can give a depth here. What type of 31 to create. You have to select the standard of the thread. Suppose isometric and sizes type three or 30, and the designation will be empty into 3.532.5. So you can select the pitch you want. Suppose M 13 to two. You can select the class. You can select right hand or left hand, so everything is dead. Yeah. If you select model, we'll see what happens. Click on Okay. You can see now let us create a thread on this hole. Will go to Create. And let us find out if third option is there here. Here we have thread. Click on Third. We will select this hole. This hole you want to create a thread. And here we have, here it is saying full length. The third type, you can select the standard of 30 onto cleared. The size by default it has taken and designation is M20 into 2.5. You can select the pitch. You want 2.5 to 1.5 year wish. Select tool. You can select the class. I tend our left-hand turn. This modern will create the thread. Like it will cut the thread. If you don't click on Model and D highlight it, click on Okay. Let us select this hole. All right, click and we will go for edit feature. It is asking which future do you want to edit? We want to edit that thread, click on thread. And here we'll go for model. If you go for model, it will cut the object. Click on Okay. You can see if you go for model, you won't be able to edit it again. Let's skip D. This is how you can explore the tools yourself. Now the next step is you should know that plane creation tools. Now by default we have planes, XY plane, y, z plane in jet explain. Let us create some planes. Now. The plane creation tools, first we have to find out here none of these looks like a plane. Here, this looks like a plane burden name is press Pune, which we don't want. It is split body, we don't want it. Assemble. No, construct. This is offset plane. Let us click on this construct and see what are the options available. Then add a lot of options available for creating planes. X is binds and so on. Our objective is to create plane at a distance, which is this. You can see at a distance it is creating a plane at an angle. These two are very important. Click on offset plane. You just have to select a plane. You can select the default plane which is displayed here. Maybe I'll select this plane. You can give it offset value. Maybe I'll give you the offset value of some 30. Click on OK. And you can see a plane has been created here. This is the plane. And using this plane, you can create a sketch on any other thing. Now let us go for construct plane at an angle. We can select, maybe displaying. It is asking for a line first. Let us select this line. And taking that line as a reference, it has created a plane which is at 0 degrees. If you want. You can change the angle. You can see the plane at an angle will be created. You can give a value here. Click on Okay. You can see by using this method, you can create any type of a plane at an angle. These are the two very important plain creation tools that you should know. These two tools frequently used while creating our 3D models. You should know these two tools. Next we have to know about that duplication tools for solid, that is surplus rectangular centimeter. Let us see the Escape key. If some command is activator, now, we can select it. Right-click Edit Feature. We had given a distance to it. Let us maybe give a distance somewhere up to here. Maybe I'll give you a distance 0. That will have a plane somewhere in this middle. Now let us use Control plus jet key to undo that. We will have our block. Let this whole with that, I'll click on this whole right-click and Edit Feature. Maybe I'll decrease the diameter of the hole. Minimum. Click on Okay. You can see now let me create a rectangular pattern or rectangular edit. Let us find out where it is that. Let's go to modify. It may be here. You can see fillet chamfers shell. So many tools are there, but there is no pattern or edit tool. Let us go to Create here. If you move over here. Here we have something called pattern. And here we have this rectangular pattern. This icon is very similar to this icon. This is a rectangular pattern. Click on this rectangular pattern icon. You can see the preview here. When you click on it, it will ask which are the objects you want to create pattern? This whole we want to create as a pattern. And it is asking for the distance will give a distance maybe 20 MM. It has disappeared. So it's not a problem. We can use this rectangular pattern dialog box. Here the quantity will give quantity may be some four. Distance is two and GMM. Here we have to select the directions. Select on directions, will select this S1 direction. Along this, we are going to give 20 mm distance. Let us create DMM distance. You can also move this and see here we also have spacing. If you want to give click on spacing, you can give the spacing between two adjacent objects. Suppose the quantity is four and the distance is, distance between the objects is maybe 20. Let us move down. Now here we can select quantity for the second direction. Let it be three and the distance maybe some minimum. You can see you can move this position if you required. Click on Okay. This is rectangular pattern. Let us create polar pattern are circular pattern. For that. We'll create a sketch on this plane. Something like this. On Finish Sketch. And let us create a solid out of this cylinder. Will go to Extrude, select this, and let us give a value, something like this. Click on okay. We will create a whole maybe somewhere here. Click on OK. Now let us find out where is the Pattern. Edit. Go to Create button. We have this circular pattern here. Click on circular pattern. The very first thing that we have to do is we have to select the objects which we want to button. This is the object that we want to pattern. Here by default, the hole has been created with the trend. We don't want that. So we'll go for control plus jet key will click on hole, will click on simple hole. And let us give the dimension here. The diameter is 30. Let us give some 15 diameter and the depth is 30. Click on OK and see. This is the hole that we want. Now, let us go for Create and we'll go to pattern. Here we have this circular pattern which we want. You can also see the preview here. Click on circular pattern. Now the objects we have to select which we want to create a pattern. Let us select this hole. It is asking for the axis, click on axes. We can select this cylindrical phase. It will take the axis of the cylinder. And if you see about the axis of the cylinder, a polar or cylindrical area has been formed, which is called pattern in Fusion 360. Angular spacing is full. You can go for quantity, maybe some five numbers. Click on OK. And you can see this is how we can create a pattern. Eddie. Now, let us go for creating n middle. Now let us delete all these holes hot. We can also go for control plus jet key to undo. Now, let us take sketch and we will take this plane, which is the top plane of this body. Let us create objects something like this. Let us go for Finish Sketch. Will go to Extrude. Select the sketch on the area inside the sketch. And if you move down, you can see it is cutting the object. Click on. Okay. Now, we'll go to Create, and here we have Mr. Miller will always lie near to the pattern. So we'll click on mirror. First, we have to select the object. Fetch phases. We have to select feature because only phases are getting selected. Select this feature about which mediating plane that we have to select. You can see the three metering planes have been highlighted here. We can select this plane. Here also, you can select this wiser plane. We'll select, you can see it's highlighting. Click on wiser plane. And if you see here, this is meter. Let us click on OK and see how it gets formed. This is mirror. The mirror image of this object has been formed about this datum plane. Any other plane you want. So you can see the concept of meter is same. You have to select the feature or object. You have to select a middling plan. And instantly the object or the feature will be mirror about the mirroring plane onto the other side, which is exactly the same that we have done in SolidWorks and Catia. Every software will have this tool. These are the duplication tools. Now that we know about duplication tools, it will be very easy for you to attempt example set eight composed of example 32. This is example 32, which you can create very easily. Again, I'm seeing for creating this example 32, you have to follow the steps that we have discussed using SolidWorks and Catia. The same procedure you have to add up and you have to do this example 32. In Fusion 360. You can attempt this example, 32 by yourself. And if you have any issues, you can get back to me. So you'll see we have completed that sketch it and solid modelling application of Fusion 360. While doing so, you might have seen how the options are resembling to Catia and SolidWorks. This resemblance or similarity is then for all the care softwares, you should note the similarities and you can operate any care software. This completes our decoding Fusion 360 lecture series.