Financial Literacy Pop Quiz · 26 Categories · 520 Questions · Master Key Vocabulary

1. Financial Literacy Pop Quiz Introduction: Hello. Testing one, two, three. Welcome. My name is Tomasina She, and I am your instructor, the creator of this content for this course, and your Proctor. Ooh, there's a word. You haven't heard since what? Middle school, high school. You walk into a class, and there's a proctor, instead of your regular teacher. You know you're in trouble. And then they say the magic words, Pop quiz, and you didn't read the chapter the night before. You are totally unprepared. There's always that one person in the class that read five chapters ahead. So they're ready. But all jokes aside. This isn't that. This is a pop quiz. And it's a financial literacy pop quiz. And you've got 26 categories, 520 questions. But instead of it being a Q and A, it's just a questions. And it's going to be very interactive because I'm using a technique called active recall. What according to the specialist is just better for retention. Normally, my classes are traditional lecture style, you sit, you listen. Maybe you're doing e mails, talking on your phone. This class, we're actually going to be communicating. Yes. I'm going to be leaving a few seconds between each question and I'll give you time to think about it and reflect and move forward and answer it. I also have all of these questions in each section, the section relevant questions are in a PDF. Feel at first and then go through and follow along and make notes and fill out the information, or you can do it after at your leisure. Either way, I want you to be as committed as possible to this course because Wall Street's got their own language. It's like learning a second language, or if you already know two languages, it's like learning a third. So before you can become adept at managing all that money that you're making from one job or two or three jobs. You're trying to preserve wealth. You're trying to figure out what to do with your principal, grow those balances. Before you can do that, you got to understand the terminology, right? So this is all about financial literacy, all about the terminology. There are going to be categories that you have absolutely no interest in. There are going to be categories that pique your interest, and there are going to be categories that you truly want to master. So it's a little bit of everything for beginner, intermediate, advanced. In each category, there's a melange a mixture of questions, so you'll be able to answer the beginners, maybe go into the intermediates, and maybe perhaps even know the advanced. So this is some folks that want to just kind of app their game up a little bit with their financial literacy knowledge. And that's what I'm here for. So yes, but unlike your traditional Pop quizzes. Put your books away, put your calculators away. This one, you can actually have notes, you can Google the answers. You can talk in class. As a matter of fact, I encourage it. So this active recall process is going to help you retain this terminology just a little bit better than the passive capacity of sitting in a lecture just having me just go, blah, blah, blah, blah, talking to you. I'm going to be talking to you, and I'm gonna be pretending you sitting right in front of me so that we can talk and have these conversations about these questions. So, on that note, let's begin. This is a pop quiz. As I said, Q not A. You're going to provide the answers for the A. I'm going to provide the questions. And at your leisure, you're going to pull down those answers and answer. What it is that's relevant to you. All right. Again, my name is Tomasina She. When you have a chance, you can check my bio. You can see I'm an economist by trade. I have my MBA and finance. And now I am Full on, full on, full on, mentoring, teaching, creating business courses, courses, creating lifestyle courses, and just having a great time. So I'm glad to be here with you. This is my first pop quiz style format course, and I'm hoping to have a good time with it, and I hope you have a good time with it. And we're going to move on to the next lecture. But before I do, I'm going to leave you with something one of my MBA professors from school share with me. And they once said, Listen, Tomasino. You are going to go through life, and there are going to be some things you're going to be curious about. And then that curiosity is going to turn into interest. And then that interest is going to turn into commitment. So you're clearly curious because you're here. And you're interested because you're here. Now, commitment. Make the commitment to learn more about financial literacy so you can understand your money better. You may have four oh one ks, pensions, I don't know, savings account, CDs money. I don't know, but you need to understand what to do with that hard earned money that's coming into your household. That's what this is about. As I said, Wall Street speaks a whole another language. And this is a language you want to understand. So here we go. Let's have a great time, and thanks 1 million for joining me. Talk to you soon. 2. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate and Advanced Specific to Checking Account(s) : Okay. Let's see, got my volume up. I'm ready to go. Checking everything. I think we're good. You're ready for less than one? All right. Let's get that leverage going on that vocabulary. I'm ready. 20 questions, first category, checking accounts. Remember, it's a mixture of beginner, intermediate, and advanced questions. What is a checking account? How do you write a check? Like people still do that. But some do, do to throw it in there. What is overdraft protection as it relates to checking accounts? How does a debit card differ from a credit card in relation to checking accounts? What is the purpose of a routing number on a check? Some people say routing number, routing number. But what is the purpose of that first set of digits on your check? How does online bill pay work with your checking account? You see what I mean? We're starting with some beginner questions. Most of you already know these answers. If you credit your PDF, go ahead and just make some notes and do them in. What is the difference between a checking account and a savings account? I know you know the core difference. How does direct deposit function in a checking account? What are the common fees associated with checking accounts? Now, some people have no fees. Depending on your relationship with your bank? Some of us are still paying fees on our checking account? Because we haven't taken the time to go in and talk to our relationship banker or the business manager and change your account because your situation has changed? You might want to do that. As I told you during these quiz, every now and then, I have a little commentary. This is that little commentary, just to give you something to think about a little bit over and beyond the questions. How does an interest bearing checking account work? How can you explain what a joint checking account is? What is check clearing? And how long does it take? A they are all just supposed to be thought provoking questions to make you think? Again, open book, Bob quiz, thought provoking information. How does the checking account help with your budgeting? I like that question. A lot of people don't think about a checking account in terms of it's a budgeting tool. What does it mean when a checking account is frozen? You know that can't be positive. How can overdraft fees be avoided with a checking account? What is the purpose of an automatic transfer from your checking to your savings account? What's the purpose of doing that? Transferring money from your checking account to your savings account? And maybe vice versa. How does a bounced check affect your credit score? Nobody should have an answer to that because we don't bounce checks, do we? What are the benefits of using a mobile app to manage your checking account? How do banks calculate interest on checking accounts? The final question. What is the difference between a certified check and a cashier's check? Now you see what I mean. Some of them sound simple, they sound obvious. Some of them are easy to answer, some of them may take a little bit of thought. But again, this is open book, print this out and go ahead and sit down and then, hey, fill in your responses. You got your first piece of information to slide into your file. Let's go on to the next lesson. 3. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Savings Account(s) : Okay, here we are. You're ready for your next set of questions. This time, we're talking about savings accounts. Remember we're going up the ladder. Don't get too comfortable. They're going to get a little more difficult. All right. The obvious question. What is a savings account? Remember, there's all kind of savings account. Business savings account, Senior Citizens savings account, personal savings account, college savings account. Children's college fund savings account. Okay. Interest bearing savings account. Second chance, savings account. But what is a savings account? How do interest rates work on savings accounts? What is a passbook savings account? Oh, written that a throwback, a passbook, a physical document. That was my era. Remember I was born in 1957. By the time I was 10-years-old, that was 1967. Yeah, we had little pass books, we go into the bank, put our little money in. Book, they do a little stamp. What is a passbook savings account? What is the purpose of FDIC insurance on a savings account? You know what that means? FDIC? I know go ahead and Google it. But this time I'm going to actually give you a little answer. That's called Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, FDIC. You see it at the bottom of all your checks. You see it on your bank statements, FDIC. You should know this term. You definitely should know it because it's important. How do you calculate compound interest on a savings account? What are the differences between a high yield savings account and a regular savings account? Now, remember, I'm only going to pause a few seconds between each question because the reality is you're going to either throw the answer out like right now while you're looking at me, or you're going to just make notes on your paper and then go back and really do a deep dive into getting that response. Okay, High yield, inflation. How does inflation affect your savings account? What is regulation D? Withdrawal limits on savings accounts. You know it has something to do with your savings account, has something to do with how much you can take out at any given time. But what does regulation D? That's a good term. That's a good vocab to know. How does a savings account differ from a money market account? What is an automatic savings plan? And how does it work? We should all have one of those since the beginning of time, since high school, since college, you know, in our 20s and 30s and 40s, automatically saving. How are interest payments on savings accounts taxed? Okay. What is the impact of low interest rates on savings accounts? Besides you're not making enough money. That's an impact. How does linking a savings account to a checking account? For overdraft protection work? Sounds familiar. Huh. See? Here comes that term again. Trying to reposition the question a little bit. Different category, same impact. Let's see linking overdraft protection. That's a word you're hearing overdraft protection. Can you explain the importance of liquidity in a savings account? I think you probably already know what liquidity means. How can you maximize returns on a savings account with fluctuating interest rates? How do you maximize your returns? In other words, what you're getting back? When interest rates are going up and down up and down up and down, how are you going to take advantage of that? Okay. What is the difference between simple and compound interest in savings account? Simple interest, compound interest. Okay? I can tell you a little tip. I prefer compound interest. How can a savings account help in building an emergency fund? Just like, how did the checking account help with budgeting? What is the effect of account fees on your savings account growth? You know that answer instantly Go ahead and say it. What are the impact of fees on anything? They're going to be negative, right? So the impact of fees on your savings account, is going to have a negative effect. Can you open a savings account for a minor, a child under 18, and what are the benefits? How can you use a savings account for goal based savings? That's a checking account. Can you open a savings account for a minor, and what are the benefits? And how can you use a savings account for goal based savings? Okay? All right. So FDIC, created in 1933, no that vocab, no liquidity. All right. And that overdraft protection that's popped up twice. See you next lecture. 4. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Money Markets : Okay. Welcome back. Testing one, two, three. I'm here. This category, 20 questions on money markets. I mean, we used to really be into those. Let's see what's happening here. Let's get that active recall working. What is a money market account? Talk to me. How does a money market account differ from a savings account? What are the typical interest rates from money market accounts? Typical. What is the role of the Federal Reserve in the money market? You know we've heard this term a lot. Because those are the guys we're watching we're like, when do you lower interest rates which they recently did? As I'm creating this course. We had a nice dip in interest rate, nice cut in September. That federal reserve. How does a money market account provide? Liquidity? There's that word again. M a note, liquidity. That's a vocal. That's a financial literacy vocal. What types of investments are typically included in a money market? Fund? Not a money market account, but a money market fund. You know, a fund is a basket of investments. How do money market accounts maintain their value during periods of volatility? There's a vocab word volatility. What is the difference between a money market mutual fund and a money market account? Two different things. Money market mutual fund, it's a basket of something, and money market account. How are money market accounts insured by the Here we go? FDIC Active recall, Wes that stand for? Who is this agency? What year was it created? 1933? What do they do? Se now you're going to know. Where do you find that work at the bottom of your checking account statement? What are the advantages of holding a money market account? What are risks associated with money market funds? How does the NAV that's NAV, which stands for net asset value, work in a money market mutual fund? What is the difference between taxable and tax exempt money market funds? How do institutional investors, do you know who that is? Institutional? Yeah, I was like big pension funds. How do they use the money markets for short term funding? How does Repo, which are repurchase agreements? How's it time repurchase agreements, function in money markets? What role do treasury bills play in money market funds? How is the interest income on money market accounts taxed? What is the significance of the SEC two a seven? Why would you need to know that? You need to know it Because it pertains to on money market funds? Just Google it. I didn't have Google in 1967. You got it today. How do rising interest rates affect money market accounts and funds? Rising interest rates affect everything you do. How does it affect money market accounts and funds? What are the liquidity requirements for money market funds? There's that word again, liquidity. Make a new. That's a. You going to be hearing it, reading about it for the rest of your life? Just in general. Are you liquid or non liquid? Liquidity means a lot of things? Active recall, see in the next lecture. 5. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Certificate of Deposits (C: Okay, hello. Welcome back. All right. Are you feeling it a little bit? I know you've picked up a few new concepts, right? I'm almost certain. Come on. This is too fun. All right. Now we're going to do a category pretty much everybody's familiar with. Certificate of deposits or CDs. Remember in the good old days? I don't know, decade or so ago? CDS used to pay 18% annual interest, 16. So people at 22, you could buy those CDs and make that money. And now what are CDs paying now interest for six month, 18 month, nine month? It's almost embarrassing. Let's get these questions out here. What is a certificate of deposit? CDs. A lot of people still use these as saving mechanisms. So what is a CD? Okay? How does a CD certificate of deposit differ from a savings account? What is a CD maturity date? And why is that important? Now, you know what a maturity date is, I just said, people use divest in six months, 18 months, nine months, one year CDs. Those are maturity. Time tables. The maturity date is the length of time. What are the penalties for early withdrawal from a CD? What does this question imply? It implies that once you put your money in a CD, you locked in with the maturity date. If you want to get your money out earlier than the maturity date, you got to pay a penalty. How do interest rates on CDs compared to those on savings accounts? That's a very good question. I want you to research that one deeply. What is the difference between a traditional CD and a jumbo CD? How is interest calculated on a CD? What is a brokered CD and how does it work? New term. How does laddering CDs help in managing interest rate risk? What do you think laddering means? Picture a ladder. You go all these different rungs. D d d ding ding. Six months CD, three month CD, nine month CD, 12 month CD, 18 months, 24 month, You're laddering your risk? You're laddering the interest rate? You're laddering the maturity dates? How does laddering help you? What happens to a CD after it matures? What are callable CDs? And how do they differ from regular CDs? How does inflation impact the real rate of return on a CD? Inflation. What are market linked CDs and how do they provide exposure to the stock market? How do rising interest rates affect the attractiveness of CDs? What are the advantages of reinvesting your CD earnings? It's like compounding. Here we go. Active recall? You can hear me say that a lot cause that's why I did this pop quiz format. You can start hearing some of the same terms. And hopefully that'll help sg, again. How does the Here we go. FDIC sure CDs. FDIC created in 1933, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Come on. That's a term you got now. What is the impact of compounding frequency on CDs return? Let me read that again. What is the impact of compounding frequency on a CDs return? How can you use a CD to save for long term goals? Can you explain the difference between a bump up CD and a step up CD? That sounds like hip hop terms, Pump up and step up. But those are actually financial terms, a bump up CD and a step up CD. And then what role do zero coupon CDs play in fixed income portfolios? Fixed income. That's usually the senior citizens. That's what they put us in fixed income portfolios. So we keep that money rolling all through retirement. So there you go. Those are the 20 questions on CDs? Let's go on into the next lecture. See you then. 6. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Stock(s) : Hi, it's Tomasina. Welcome back to your Bup quiz. Look at that. You're not shaking in your boots now, are you? 'Cause you know you got this. It's an open book. So for day, we're going to cover beginner Intermediate advance Pupiz question specific to stocks. It's one of my favorite categories. So let's get started. What is a stock? Mm hm. And remember. Only a few seconds between each question. How does a stock differ from a bond? Oh, that's coming after this particular lector. What is the stock market and how does it function? Okay. What is a dividend, and how is it paid to shareholders? Uh oh, all of a sudden, the beginner questions are moving into intermediates. This is data you need to know. This is vocab. Not hard 'cause you can google the answers. Okay? Research is easy. You don't have to go to a public library and open up a big book, like I had to and search for the answers. Answers are easy. Print the PDF. And fill in the answers. Okay? So you got dividend, shareholders, new words. What does it mean when a stock splits? That's actually pretty positive. What is a blue chip stock? And why is it considered a safe investment? How do stock prices fluctuate and what factors influence them? What's the difference between common stock and preferred stock? See what I mean. This is good. What is a stock exchange and how does it facilitate the trading of stocks? No. Remember, you got a four oh one k. You got some kind of you may have a R thyro traditional, which we're going to get into. You got some kind of savings going on that you need to know. This vocabulary. Instead of just letting somebody be passive and let somebody else handle those investments? You need at least know what you're talking about, know what you're doing. Where's your money going? How do companies use an IPO initial public offering to raise capital? Okay, we're getting a little bit of beginner game. What is a market cap? First of all, you know a cap means something sealed off. How does it categorize companies? How do price to earnings ratios, a little bit of math. You know that's a formula. Help investors evaluate stocks, price to earning ratios. What is short selling? How can investors profit from falling stock prices? What are growth stocks? I mean, the word alone is inherent growth. That word applied to anything. Means something's happening going up. And how do they differ from value stocks, growth stocks versus value? What is stock diversification? Well, you know what diversification is? That's with anything. You know what diverse means and amalgamation of a lot of things. So stock diversification. And why is it important in a portfolio? You know what a portfolio is? That's just your file, your account, a combination of all your investments a portfolio. They could have just said folder, but portfolio. Is Wall Street speaking. How does insider trading affect the stock market? What does a stock buyback? And why do companies perform them? Why do companies buy back their own stock? That sounds positive, doesn't it? Like you believe in your company so much, you want to buy back the stock you've already sold to other people. That sounds positive to me. How do economic indicators like inflation, unemployment? There's a focal, economic indicators, Inflation, unemployment or employment, jobless datas. How does that affect stock prices? Economic indicators? That's a big one cause it affects everything that you do? What is technical analysis? And how is it used to trade stocks? Well you know what analysis is, and you know what technical is. What is technical analysis as it relates to trading stocks? How do ETFs exchange traded funds offer exposure to the stock market? Now, ETS, when you have a moment, I want you to grab if you've got a four oh one k, a pension fund, whatever you got. Maybe you got a brokerage account. Grab and open your statements and look and see if you've got any ETFs. Because guess what? If you don't know you've got any ETF, of course, you don't even know how it's benefiting you. Now you can read your statement. ETFs, they're everywhere. They're in every sector. Oops. There's another word. We're going to be talking about that another time. All right. See you in the next class. Stock questions. Print that PDF, fill in those answers, and let's get busy. Let's stay committed. See you soon. 7. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Bond(s) : Okay, I'm here. Welcome back. Come on. Talk to me. Send me some messages. Tell me how this is going for you. Is it fun? I mean, I prefer this. I prefer asking you these questions and having you drill a little deep to find the responses. And that's only if this is something you truly have an interest in. I'm telling you. I think you should. We have interest in sports, we have interest in everything. Travel, we have interested in books that we love to read. And here we are one of the most important aspects of our life, Money, MOE EY. And we what? Slack off. Why? You know you're going to need it as you enter retirement. You know you need to keep an eye on your money. You know it gets away from you. There are times you might have a bonus or you might have some extra money, you might have an inheritance. Our life changes. You may be divorcing, you may have a death in the family. You may be getting married, maybe having a baby, maybe saving for college. It's just who just baby saving for a house, buying a new car. It all boils down to you having the money to do those things. If you're investing your money well, you understand the vocabulary, you know what you're doing with your revenue. Then you're going to have a better shot at acquiring all those other things. And then when you reach 67, 68, 60 de 70, you're going to be like, Okay, job well done. I got a comfortable life because you understood the vocabulary, you put it in practice every day, and now you're ready. So now let's talk about bonds. Some of us are very much into bonds. Some of us prefer stocks. All right. What is a bond? How does a bond differ from a stock? What is a bonds maturity date? Where did you hear that before? Certificate deposits, CDs, maturity dates? See that vocab and that active recall? What is a bonds maturity date? Why is it important? What is the difference between a corporate bond and a government bond? Well, first of all, we know corporate private sector, government, public sector. What's the difference between corporate bond and government bond? How do bond holders earn interest? What is the relationship between bond prices and interest rates? What are treasury bonds and how do they differ from municipal bonds? What does a bond yield and how is it calculated? What does it mean when a bond is called before maturity? H. How do credit ratings affect bond prices and yields? Oh, what is the yield? Well, In general terms, the yield is something you get back, something you make, something you earn. All right. What is a junk bond? Why does it carry high risk? I don't know you've heard that term before. How does inflation impact the value of bonds? What is the difference between coupon bonds and zero coupon bonds? See if you're a bond person, this is your lecture. How do investors use bonds to hedge against market volatility? A lot of senior citizens use bonds in retirement? What are inflation protected bonds? They're called tips, Treasury, inflation protected security tips. Okay? And how do they work? How does the duration of a bond affected sensitivity to interest rate changes? What is bond laddering, Ding ding ding ding ding, active recall, laddering. You know what that is. You heard about that with certificate of deposits, laddering, What is bond laddering, and how does it help manage interest rate risk? What role do bonds play in a balanced investment portfolio? How does the Federal Reserve, Ding ding ding, there's that vocab. Influence bond markets? What is the difference between primary and secondary bond markets? There you go. For the bond centric students out there? This is a great category to pret that PDF and put in detail your responses because there's a lot you can learn about bonds. They're not just series Es anymore to save and send your kid to college, like they were in the 60s and 70s. Bonds play a significant role in your savings and your whole personal finance journey. Okay. See the next lecture. 8. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Mutual Fund(s) : Okay, here we are, onward and upward. Guess what the topic is today. Mutual funds. Come on. You already know what they are. You got them in your accounts, probably already. It's part of your portfolio, also known as your files, your personal finance folder, okay? Let's get into these questions. What is a mutual fund? Go ahead and give me the very, very general definition of a mutual fund? I like to use the word basket that gives people visual? What is a mutual fund? How does a mutual fund differ from an ETF? We're going to be talking about that. ETF. What is the net asset value? You know what that means, the NAV of a mutual fund? What are the benefits of investing in mutual funds? How is an index mutual fund? Not how it is. What am I talking about? What is an index? I was about to make a comparative multiple indexes. Okay. What is an index Mutual fund? And how does it track the market? Okay. So A index indicator, how does it track the market? All right. Next, how do mutual funds distribute dividends, which means they pay them and capital gains, which means you going to have to pay. What is the expense ratio of a mutual fund? How does it affect returns? What are the differences between actively managed and passively managed mutual funds? That's like relationships. What's between an actively managed relationship and a passively managed relationship? That answer is going to be almost the same. What is a load fee? And how does it impact mutual fund investors? Load fee. There's a vocab. How does diversification active recall? That's a financial literacy term that's all over Wall Street. How does diversification within a mutual fund reduce investment risk? Our mutual funds and how do they provide targeted exposure? I want you to really drill deep on this question because sectors are important. I'll just give you a little hint. You got all kinds of options to invest your money in sectors, technology, aerospace industries, commodities, automobile, hospitals, healthcare, pharmaceuticals, semiconductors. Think about sector, sector, sector, sector. Where's your interest? That's what sectors are. Then you go from there. How do bond mutual funds differ from stock mutual funds? Are funds of funds. Now they're just getting crazy. How do they operate a fund of funds? What is the role of a mutual fund manager? How do performance fees impact returns, mutual funds? What is dollar cost averaging? Memorize that one because you're going to be using it the rest of your life because that's the only way you're going to generate wealth and get to that end game and cross the finish line. Dollar cost averaging, putting it on automatic. How can it be applied to mutual fund investing? How do mutual funds handle redemptions from investors? What is a money market? Mutual fund. You've talked about money markets. Do you know it comes in a mutual fund? Look at that. And how does it differ from other mutual funds? Okay. How do mutual funds contribute to retirement savings? Strategies. How does rebalancing a portfolio of mutual funds help you maintain your risk levels? There you go. Definitely get on this one, because at some point, whether now or you already have, we all invest in mutual funds. Se your next lecture. 9. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Target Date Funds : Hello, welcome back. I'm Thomas Sina She, and I am your proctor. For this pop quiz on financial literacy. So listen, Okay, This is about target date funds. Now, some of you already know what those are, because if you glance, your 41k or whatever, you know, tax deferred retirement fund, you have an IR th traditional Done Matter, pension There may be a fund in there that is a target date fund. And I want you to really learn and master this category. One, it's easy. Two, it's a great way to put your savings on automatic. I love these pop ups. Wow. Talk about artificial intelligence. Anyway, Yeah, they are a great way to just put your savings on automatic. It target dates the date, the year you are scheduled for retirement. And so it then does the work for you. I've just given you a little bit of an answer there. If it knows that you're retiring in 20 years, it puts together a portfolio based on that date. You're retiring in 40 years, your target date fund will then reflect that you've got 40 years to do your savings and it will put together a basket of options for you. This is an important category, which is why I'm going on and on about it. I really want you to understand this. First question, what is a target date fund? How does a target date fund adjust its asset allocation over time? This is such a great category to know. What is the significance of the target date in the target date fund? What's that significance of that date? How do target date funds differ from other retirement investment options? What is the glide path? That's a new term. In a target date fund, and how does it impact risk? How do target date funds handle diversification? There's the word. What is the difference between a target date fund and a balanced fund? What happens to a target date fund after the target date is reached? How do management fees affect target date fund returns? Now, you've heard this in other categories. Obviously, fees are going to it's going to impact everything. When you make it money and then somebody subtracts fees out of that, obviously you end up with less same here. Next, what is a conservative target date fund? When is it appropriate? How do target date fund managers risk for retirees? How do target fund manage risk for retirees? That was a tongue twister. Because I'm getting excited because this is my category. I'm a retiree. And target date funds was part of my life, you know? What are the advantages of automatic rebalancing in target date funds? Great advantages. How do lifecycle funds compare to target date funds? They almost sound the same. Life cycle, target date, slight differences do the work. Okay? What role do bonds and stocks play in target date funds over time? What is the impact of a market downturn on target date funds when you're nearing retirement? Well, what's the impact on anybody's portfolio when the market turns downward on anybody's money? Okay? How do target date funds differ between various fund providers? Because there's a variety of fund providers, and they each offer a different product of target date funds? How do investors choose an appropriate target date for their retirement goals? That's important. Question number 17 is important. Print this PDF, please, I'm begging you and respond to these questions because it's important. That date is critical. What are the tax implications of investing in a target date fund? How do target date funds, here we go, fit into a 4o1k retirement plan. What is the significance of through versus two as it relates to target date funds? That's an advanced question. Through versus two. Please get those answers. Spend a few minutes, commit to this section. See you soon. 10. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Exchange Traded Funds (ETFs: Okay. I'm back and let's take a deep breath. Yeah. These are some good questions, don't you think? I enjoy putting them together and curating them for you. Actually, I'm enjoying just going through them with you and having this conversation. Because I know a few are going to stick active recall or not. Some of them are going to hit home. Here comes a group right now. ETFs, Exchange traded funds. They're everywhere. They may be in your portfolio and you don't even know it. Don't sleep on them because these are important. What is an exchange traded ETF? How does an ETF differ from a mutual fund? How does an exchange traded fund? The reason I always include those in the first one or two or three questions is because this is all about comparatives. You're doing A, should you be doing B? You're doing C? Should you be doing D? You're doing B? Should you be doing F? Should you be doing both? That's what this is about. What are the advantages of investing in ETFs? How do ETFs trade on a stock exchange? What is the expense ratio of an ETF? And why is that important? What is a passive ETF? And how does it track an index? You've heard that before, passive. You've heard index as well? How do leveraged ETFs amplify gains and losses? What are sector ETFs? You've heard that financial literacy VCA sector. You know ETFs come in sectors like sock stocks did. What are sector ETFs? And how do they provide exposure to specific industry? It's almost the same question. What is the difference between an equity ETF and a bond ETF? How do commodity ETFs track the price of commodities like gold and oil? Commodity ETF? That sounds like a sector. How does the liquidity, there's that term of an ETF affect his trading price? What is the role of the authorized participant? I love that term. Are you an authorized participant in ETF creation and redemption? You need to use that term just in your daily life. Maybe try that on your kids or your parents. Are you an authorized participant in my life? But relating to finance? That's the answer, I want to know. How do inverse ETFs work? And what are the risks? Inverse? How do dividends work in ETFs? What is the difference between market price and NAV? Uh oh, NAV? You know what it is, because we've already covered it. N ETF. How do actively manage ETFs differ from Index ETF. This is when the head starts spinning. Because now you're hearing a lot of terms, and now you're starting to speak that second or third language, Managed ETF, actively managed, indexed, market price, NAVs. You're in it now. How does tax efficiency in ETF compare to mutual funds? What are international ETFs sounds like a sector to me? How do they provide global exposure? How do investors use ETS to build diversified portfolios, diversified folders. What is Smart Beta? And how is it used in ETFs? I like that last question. That was even kind of a new one for me. Smart Beta. Grab your answers. Se your next class. 11. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Real Estate Investment Trus: Welcome back. This category. P real estate Investment Trust. Now, this definitely may not be a category if you're a beginner in terms of just learning this literacy in the world of finance, this may or may not be a category that you are familiar with or even want to become familiar with. But I want you to be at least aware that it exists? What is a real estate investment trust? At a minimum, I'd like for you to at least Google that and just know what it is. How does a real estate investment trust generate income for investors? What are the different types of real estate investment tru, REITs? Is what they're called, and I'm going to use that going forward. What is the difference between an equity REIT and a mortgage REIT? How are dividends from REITs text? What is the importance of the 90% distribution rule in REITs? See, for those of you out there where this is your category. This is a good way to just now expand on that knowledge. How do publicly traded REITs differ from private REITs? What sectors, we all know that term now? Do REITs typically invest? Now, we're talking about real estate investment trust. I think you can extrapolate the sectors. Commercial Residential, industrial? Those are sectors of real estate. How does rising interest rates impact REITs? What is the role of liquidity? You know that one? In investing in REITs? How do REITs provide diversification in an investment portfolio? What are the advantages of investing in real estate investment tru REITs? ETF. How about that? They come in ETF, and you know what an ETF is now? Okay, exchange traded funds. How is an REIT funds from operations FFO calculated? And why is that important? For you advanced, financial literacy Vocab folks, this is for you. How do REITs perform during economic recessions? What are the risks associated with mortgage REITs? How does geographic diversification impact the performance? Geographic diversification, West Coast, East Coast, South, Los Angeles, Miami, New York. How do the performance of these REITs? How are they affected by that location? What is the impact of real estate market trends on REITs performance? How do REITs handle property management and maintenance in their calculations? How do hybrid? Now you know what a hybrid is because some of you may drive a hybrid automobile. Same thing in finance. There are hybrids to investments. How do hybrid real estate investment trust combine features of equity and mortgage REITs? And how does depreciation affect an REITs financial statements? He. Is this a skip? Is this a pass? This is so far from what you would expect from a pop quiz, but I had to include it because it is a category of vocab I want you to become familiar with. Hey, alla, see you next class. 12. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Individual Retirement Acco: Okay, I'm ready, and this is a fun one. And this is for everyone. This is about IRAs, individual retirement accounts. This is almost as basic as checking and savings accounts. Okay? Everybody's heard of the IR at this point. So let's get some simple questions out of the way. What is an individual retirement account? A IRA. What is the difference between a traditional IRA and a Roth IRA? Google, it's important. How does the tax different? Oh, wait a minute. How does the tax treatment differ from contributions to a traditional IRA versus a Roth IRA? Okay Tax contributions. They do different. What is the annual contribution limit? Okay. Let's see. That's a financial literacy Voca? Annual contribution limit for an IRA for your IA? What are the penalties for early withdrawal from an IA? How do required minimum distribution? RMDs work in a traditional Ira? That's going to come into play when you hit about my age, because at a certain point, you are required to start taking money from Euro IA, what are the benefits of rolling over a four oh one K into an IA? What types of investments can be held with in Ira? Hm. How does a backdoor IA work? That's more Roth. How does the backdoor Roth ira work? That even sounds kind of like sneaky. R, backdoor Roth Ira. What are the income limits for contributing to a Roth ira? Did you know there were income limits? Yeah. What is a SP SEP or SEP SEP Ira? And how does it benefit? Small business owners. So that tells you right there. This is only for small business owners, they're eligible to set up these type of ras for their employees. How does tax deferred growth work in a traditional IRA? What are the rules for converting a traditional IRA to a R IRA, which millions are currently doing? They are converting their traditional into a Roth. When you know the difference between the two, you may do the same thing. How do inherited IRAs function for non spouse beneficiaries? It's one thing for your wife or husband to inherit IRA. But what about non spousal Iras? What happens? What is a simple Ira, SIMPLE, and how does it differ from other retirement plans? How do catch up contributions work for individuals over 50 in IRAs? If you're over 50 and you're listening to this section in this course, this is important. This is the time where you get to catch up where you may have slacked off in your 20s 30s and 40s, and we can play catch up with an Ira. What is the effect of required withdrawals on a Roth Ira and how do IRAs provide a state planning benefits? What are the differences between a self directed Ira and a regular A? Mmm. Individual retirement accounts. How do contribution phase out limits? Obviously, we moved into an advanced question, work based on income for a Roth Ira. Contribution phase out limits. Well, phase out means something's about to end. Got that part. Limits mean you reached the tail end. Okay? So now put that together. How does that work with a Roth Ira? Okay. So there you go. I tell you, who's that bugging me with a text in the middle of my course? Probably my son, jetting to London or somewhere. These kids C x class. 13. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Defined Benefit Pension Pla: Hello. It's Tomasina. And welcome back. And you know in that last class, that little ping at the end, and I said, Oh, it must be a text from my son. It was my daughter in California. Two years ago, I became a grandmother for the first time and beautiful little Sophia wanted to text me a picture of her eating an apple for breakfast on California Time. See, this is what comes from Years later, this is the joy you get. A little 24 month old wants to share them biting into an apple, like it's this huge thing, which, of course, it is. But back to the course. So here we go. So don't be surprised if you hear another ping and now she's moving towards oatmeal. All right, now this one we're talking about to find benefit pension plans. Now those are dinosaurs. If you got one, you're lucky. My mother who worked for a corporation for 44 years had a pension. A lot of people who work for state and federal governments. They have pensions. But people in private sector. Good luck. You probably just have a four oh one K. You probably do not have a defined pension. But I'm covering this information because there's a lot of feds out there, a lot of state employees, and they're going to have pensions. So this is information you're gonna want to know. What is a defined benefit pension plan? At some point, you're going to be comparing that to a four oh one k. How does a defined benefit pension plan differ from a defined contribution plan? What factors determine the amount of a defined benefit pension? How does vesting? That's key, whether it's pension plan or 41k vesting plays a huge role in how you proceed with those funds. So how does vesting work in a defined benefit pension plan? What is the role of the pension benefit guaranteed corporation, PBGC? It's like the FDIC on the checking accounts and all the investment accounts. Pension plans got PBGC. Okay. What are pension benefits? Huh? How are they calculated based on years of service and salary? Print this PDF if you have a pension account and put in these in depth responses. Okay? What is the difference between a lump sum and annuity payment option in a pension plan? How does inflation impact define benefit pension payouts? Inflation impacts everything from the grocery store to the gas pump, so you know it's going to affect your pension payouts. What happens to pension benefits if the company goes bankrupt? You should know this off the top of your head if you got a pension, if you don't know it, I suggest you hurry. With this printout and give the answer. How do cost of living adjustments, colas, work in defined benefit pensions? What are the advantages of a defined benefit pension plan for retirees? Okay. If you got one, you're in good shape. How does early retirement impact pension payouts? What are the funding requirements for a defined benefit pension plan? How do survivor benefits work in a defined benefit plan? What is a pension plan portability? Well, you know what portability means, you can take it from place to place. What is a pension plan portability, and how does it affect employees who are changing jobs? No this. Contact your human resource department. See what I mean? I'm not going to even check my text. I'm absolutely certain that Sophia sharing her oatmeal pick with me. These kids, technology at 2-years-old. How are pensions, let's get back to work, affected by changes in interest rates and plan assets? Hm. How are pensions affected by changes in interest rate? Well we know interest rates, they change everything. What are the tax implications of receiving a defined benefit pension? How does a cash balance plan compared to a traditional defined benefit pension? This is getting into that advanced level. How are pension liabilities recorded on a company's financial statement, and what happens to a defined pension benefit plan during a corporate merger or acquisition? What happens to your pension plan when your company is sold or acquired by another company? Now, yes, this is not basic information, but it's good intail. So please do the work, know the answers if you have a pension plan. See an next class. 14. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to 401(k)s : Okay, here we go. Good morning. It's morning where I am right now, and I'm hoping you're going to have a great start to the day as well. Category today. 20 questions. Pop quiz. This is an easy one. Four oh one K. Okay. Everybody's heard this one. Let's start with the basics. What is a four oh one K? This is all the stuff that you should have heard in your conversation with your human resource department? These types of questions that you were able to respond to and move forward when you enrolled. How does an employer match work in four oh one K? A employer match? What are the benefits of contributing to a four oh one K plan? What is the contribution limit? F four oh one k plan. How do pretax and Raw? There's that word? Four oh one K contributions differ. What are the penalties for early withdrawals from a four oh one k? You're knowing now there's just penalties involved. Once you lock something in and you try to take it out before what is that? Come on. Maturity date. End date, you go to pay a penalty. What are the penalties for early withdrawals? On your four oh one k? How do four oh one k rollovers work? When you change your job? What is the target date fund do in a four oh one k, and how is it used for retirement? Now you got two categories that are seriously linked target date funds, four oh one K. They go hand in hand like peanut butter and jelly. Okay, so you need to learn this, learn those terms and know what it means. How do loans from a four oh one K plan work? And what are the risks? What are catch up contributions? You've heard this now? Same in the IRA, catch up contributions. And who was eligible for them in a four oh one K? What is a safe harbor four oh one K? A lot of people don't know this one, and how does it benefit small employers? How do require minimum distributions? RMDs. We talked about them, W for four oh one k accounts. What is the impact of vesting You know that term, schedules of a four oh one k balance, Impact of vesting schedules. How do you choose between investment options in a four oh one k plan? Now that's a simple beginner question. How did you choose your options? How do Roth four oh one k provide tax free growth for retirement? What is the difference? Between a four oh one k and a 4o3b? Quick Google, give you the answer in 10 seconds. How does automatic enrollment work in four oh one k plans? How do market downturns impact four oh one k balances? How can you as an investor respond? How do investors respond? What are the benefits and risks of investing in company stock? Through a four oh one k? There are risks as well as benefits. How does rebalancing within a 41k portfolio help manage risk? You've heard that term rebalancing a few times now. Obviously, that's something that you need to have integrated in your day to day thought process when it comes to your investments. You can't just invest in the sit there. And in ten years past, 20 years past, 30 years pass, and you never rebalanced? You didn't keep up with what was happening? The Feds raising interest rates? You getting a raise? You're not getting a raise, you know? You got to rebalance. That's just a fact. How often you rebalance? That's on you. See you next class. 15. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Social Security : Okay, here we go. And of course, this is one of my favorite categories Social Security. Yeah, it's important to me. And if you're lucky, it'll be important to you, too down the road. So let's come on, shore up that terminology because it's an important category, and it will represent a significant portion of your retirement income. So you're going to want to know all about it. Let's go. What is Social Security? How are Social Security benefits calculated? At what age can you start receiving Social Security retirement benefits? How does early retirement impact Social Security benefits? What is the Social Security Trust Fund? And how does it work? How do Social Security disability benefits differ from traditional retirement benefits? What are the benefits of delaying Social Security payments beyond your full retirement age? Do you know your full retirement age where you become eligible for a Social Security payment? Monthly? How are Social Security benefits calculated? How does the Social Security CL cost of living adjustment? We've heard that term before? How does that work as it applies to Social Security? What is the Social Security earnings test? And how does it benefit or affect benefits? What, that was the tone twister? What is the Social Security earnings test and how does it affect your benefits? There's an earnings test. In other words, can only make so much money and still get Social Security? How do survivor benefits work under Social Security? What is the impact of working while receiving Social Security benefits? Because you can do that. How does taxation of Social Security benefits work? What is the windfall elimination provision? Okay. That's a quick Google, technical term, but at least you'll be aware of it. Who does it affect? How does Social Security factor into retirement planning? We take it from me. Miss Tomasina Sheila, age 67, it factors into retirement planning. How does Social Security coordinate with Medicare eligibility? Now even though you may be in your 20s, 30s, 40s and 50s right now, if you're lucky, you're going to hit 60s 70s, 80s 90s. That's when this is going to kick in. So you want to know ahead of the game to make sure you're prepared. Okay. What is the maximum Social Security benefit any individual can receive? That's a great question. It's almost like a trick question. How do divorced spouses qualify for Social Security benefits? What are the long term solvency concerns for the Social Security system? We talk about it every day in politics. How does the government fund Social Security benefits? There you go. All right. It's a great category. It's one that we all need to know. From ages zero to 100. You need to know about this. See you next class. 16. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Dividend Reinvestment Plans: Okay, let's move into, let's transition into something a little different for this lecture. I mean, the last lecture, we're all familiar with the word Social Security. You may not know the intricacies of it, but you're familiar enough with it. Everybody knows somebody that's taking Social Security. So that was familiar. But this drips drips. Everybody's that familiar with drips. That stands for dividend reinvestment plans? It's a category. It's a thing, and it is a great thing to know because it's just another way of accumulating wealth, and you need to know about it. What is a dividend reinvestment plan? They call them drips on Wall Street. How does a drip benefit long term investors? What is the difference between a drip and receiving cash dividends? How do companies offer drips to their shareholders? What are the tax implications of reinvesting your dividends through a trip? We're no longer in beginner territory here. This is intermediate and advanced. How does compounding, that's a term, work in a drip over time? What is the difference between a full drip and a partial drip? Sounds like an IV, right? How does a drip reduce transaction costs? For an investor? How do you enroll in a company's drip program? What is the role of fractional shares? Sounds like time share, right? In drips. How do drips compare to direct stock purchase plans? How do market fluctuations impact the performance of a trip? What are the advantages of enrolling in a drip during a bear market? There are two kinds of markets. Everybody knows this now, right? A bear market and a bull market. What is the advantages of getting into a drip in a bear market? Well, what is the advantage of getting into the market anyway? During a bear market? Prices are usually down. Okay? Here we go. How do dividend growth rates impact the effectiveness of a drip? So dividends are playing obviously, a huge role because it's called a dividend reinvestment plan. What are the differences between company sponsored drips and third party drips. How do drips contribute to dollar cost averaging? There's my favorite financial literacy term. Dollar cost averaging. I live and breathe by this term. Please know this one well. Dividend I mean, dollar cost averaging. But now as it relates to drips or dividend reinvestment plans, that's a different story. How does a drip affect portfolio? Diversification? What are the risks of overreliance on a drip for investment group? And how do drips work with stocks that have irregular dividend payments? You know, dividend payments can be monthly, they can be quarterly, they can be annually? What about irregular dividend payments? How can you sell shares accumulated through a drip? That's a trick question in every sense of the word, because you're going to have to investigate that one with each and every individual company goes. All drip plans are not created equal. And there you go. All right, on to the next lecture. 17. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Annuities : Hello, it's Tomasina, and welcome back. Before we move on to this category, it's called annuities. I want to say one more thing about the previous lecture drips. I made some notes and I forgot to share them with you. Do you know what year drips were introduced into the financial markets. That was in 1960s. How many companies today offer drips, thousands and thousands of publicly traded companies. Usually, they're very large companies that offer drips. I just wanted to just throw that little information out there to you. They do exist. They've been around a very long time. You know, it's interesting. You don't hear a lot of public conversation about drips. But it's a good option. If you are already working for a company that offers a drip. It's a great way to get involved in investing with a low overhead. Now, let's move on to annuities. What is an annuity? How does a fixed annuity differ from a variable annuity? Those two words tell you that. Fixed variable. What is the purpose of purchasing an annuity for retirement income? How do annuity payments and payouts? How do they work? This is all basic. Question one, two, three, four. They're basic. What are the tax benefits of investing in an annuity? Basic. So far. What is the surrender period in an annuity? That's intermediate. What are the differences between intermediate and deferred? No, not intermediate, immediate and deferred amenities. What are the differences between immediate amenities and deferred immediate amenities? Okay. Well, just the words alone give you context clues. Immediate. How are they right now? Deferred. You mean I got to wait? Well, those are terms as they relate to annuities as well? How does an indexed annuity provide returns? Linked to market performance? There's that index. Again, what are the risk associated with variable annuities? Well, anything that is variable, think about it when something's fixed, you know it's coming. If something is variable, you have no idea when it's coming or if it will ever arrive. What are the risks associated with variable annuities? How do lifetime income writers enhance your annuity contracts? What is the difference between qualified and non qualified annuities? How do annuities protect against out living your retirement savings? That's something. That's kind of scary. You definitely don't want to out live your savings. You're going to be in a serious situation. How do mortality and expense fees affect annuity returns? What are the implications of here we go? Early withdrawals from an annuity? You already know there's going to be a penalty involved. How does inflation affect annuity payouts? Over time, there's inflation again. What are the benefits of adding a death benefit to an annuity? How do annuity companies calculate monthly payments for retirees? How does a joint and survivor annuity provide for spouses? What is the impact of interest rate changes on annuities? And here's number 20. How do structured settlements work in relation to annuities? Now, structured settlements, a financial literacy term. But think about it. Anything that involves a structured settlement, whether it's a divorce, it's a structured settlement, buying a car, structured settlement, taking out a mortgage, structured settlement. How does it relate to annuities? Structured settlement. This is a little advanced. Yes, but at least you'll know a little bit of the terminology. There you go. See you next lecture. 18. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Real Estate : Hello, it's Tomasina. Oh, I had to freshen up a little bit onto the next category. And this is another favorite of mine. Real estate. Okay. Now, real estate, as we all know, that is a vast, all by itself, Stand alone financial literacy vocabulary. So I'm giving you some basics, something to think about, and then you can drill deeper at your leisure. Number one, what are the primary types of real estate investments? Primary types. How does real estate generate income for investors? There's multiple ways. What is the difference between residential and commercial real estate? How do real estate investors use leverage to maximize their returns? What is the advantages of owning rental properties? What is the role of location, location, location? In determining real estate values? How do real estate investment trust ding ding ding ding ding, REITs, allow individuals to invest in real estate? Look at that. You know that term. What is house flipping? We've all watched enough shows on that, and how do investors profit from it? How does depreciation impact the taxable income? From real estate, what is the cap rate? And how is it used to evaluate real estate investments? You already know CAP. Top? How do zoning laws impact real estate development and just our general way of living? Check your neighborhood. What kind of zoning laws do you have around your house on your street down the corner? It impacts your real estate values. What are the risks associated with investing in real estate? What is a real estate syndication? And how does it work? How does inflation? There's that word again, I told you it impacts everything. How does inflation impact real estate prices and rent? How do investors use a 1031 exchange? Now there's a term you don't see every day. 1031 exchange? What is that? To defer taxes on real estate gains? If you own property, if you own second homes and investment property and vacation homes, you will know what a 1031 exchange is. If you don't, I highly recommend you dig deep on this term, so you know your options. What is the role of property management in real estate investing? How do vacancy rates affect the profitability of rental properties? What are the financing options for purchasing investment properties? How does the real estate market cycle influence investment strategies? And what are the benefits and risks of investing in international real estate? Now, when you think about these 20 questions, they all sounded basic to me, basic to intermediate. None of this is advanced except maybe the 1031 exchange. Okay. And maybe know on the difference between commercial and residential real estate. But I think you even know that at the intermediate level. So I don't feel because real estate is a conversation that's discussed daily. People either buying it, selling it, looking for it, leasing it, renting it, renovating it. So real estate is a daily conversation. So you should already be adept at most of these concepts. But go a little deeper, if you desire, print out the PDF and have fun, see your next lecture. 19. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Options : Hello, welcome back. Okay. This section here. Again, this is for your information only. Most of us aren't involved in options, but I wanted you to be familiar with the terms. So I'm just going to shoot the questions out there to you. If this is your category, print the PDF, respond to the questions, and you will have an elevated level of financial vocabulary. Okay. Here we go. What is an option in the context of financial markets? Now, for me, this category, there's nothing beginner about it. There's just barely intermediate. This is an advanced category as far as I'm concerned, but at least the first question is beginner. What is an option? Okay. That's a beginner question. Get your definition, and then you can close this off and move on to the next if you want. At least you know what it is. What is the difference between a call option and a put option? Here we go. How do options work as a form of derivative investment? Here we go. What is an option premium? How is it calculated? How does the strike price affect the value of an option? What is the expiration date of an option? And why is it important? How does an investor use options for hedging purposes? What is the difference between American and European style options? Is your head turning yet? Yeah. Okay. How does volatility impact the pricing of options? What are the risks associated with writing uncovered options? How do options differ from futures contracts? What is a covered call strategy? And how does it work? How does the concept of time decay, also known as Theta? Can you imagine affect options prices. This is E Talk on Wall Street for people who are specialists in Options training. What is the Greeks? The Greeks. Look at that. In Options training, and how trading, and how are they used to manage risk? The Greeks. How do options provide leverage in a portfolio? What is the difference between in the money at the money and out of the money options? Well, you know, I go to the age track. So if I use that as a benchmark, I'm either in the money with my horses. I'm at the money at the finish line or I'm out of the money and trailing the field. As it relates to options, what are the differences? How do option traders use straddles and strangles to profit from market volatility? Look at the terminology, it's heavy, right? Straddles and strangles in the money at the mo, out of the money. So high risk? That's cause it is. What is implied volatility? And how does it affect option prices? How do margin requirements work for options trading? And number 20, how do long term equity anticipation securities, known as leaps, Wow. Differ from standard options. Now, I could almost throw this page away. If it wasn't such an important term in literacy vocabulary, financial literacy vocabulary, I would not have have you included it because it's such a small percentage of the population that are involved in this kind of knowledge and conversation. But you're in the loop because at least you got question number one, what is an option? You can skip two through 20 if you want to. See your next lecture. 20. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Commodities Trading : Okay, here I am. I'm back. And just like that last lecture on options, here comes another one. Commodities. Again, small sector that's having this convo on Wall Street. But first question, what are commodities in financial markets? Do anything else when you print that PDF, at least answer that first question? What are commodities as it relates to financial markets? Now you know more than a whole lot of other people, with that. Number two, how does commodities trading differ from stock trading? What are the two main categories of commodities? I think you should answer number three as well. Question one and three as a beginner. How do supply and demand affect commodity prices? What is the role of futures contracts in commodities trading? How does leverage work in commodities trading? What is the difference between hard and soft commodities? If you know what a commodity is, you'll know what a hard and soft commodity is. How do geopolitical events impact the price of commodities? What's a geopolitical event? That's just another way of saying, what's going on in the world right now? They'll use that word on Wall Street to confuse you. Oh, the geopolitical events are impacting the options and commodity markets, and then you just glaze over. But no more because you know geopolitical just me what's happening on the news and commodities and options, you know the definition. Se you're ahead of it right there. All right. What is the role of the commodity Futures Trading Commission, CFTC? What are the risks of trading commodities? Just the fact that they mention that. You know it's risky. Okay, How do investors use commodities to hedge against inflation? What are the exchange traded commodities? ETCs versus ETFs? And how do they work? How does weather impact agricultural commodity prices? Now, when you put weather together with agriculture and commodities, you know you're talking crops. Even if you don't know the answer to this one, you know you're talking some kind of crop. Whether agricultural, come on. What is the significance of OPEC? We know who OPEC is. There's those big boys in oil. In global and oil markets? Let me see that I write that down. Organization of the petroleum exporting country. It's only a handful of them. But they running the show. How do futures traders use margin accounts in commodities trading? If that sounds complicated, it's because it is. What is backwardation? I can already say it. Backwardation. That's a term. And how does it affect commodity prices? Hm. What is contango Look at this. They are going crazy with an in its implications for investment in commodities. Backwardation, contango? Is this something you really want to get involved in? If it is, you've got some studying to do. If you have an interest in commodities trade, you've got some real study. You almost need a degree in this. So you don't lose your shirt. How do investors gain exposure to commodities through mutual funds or ETFs? What role does currency fluctuation play in commodity prices? How does the cost of storage impact the pricing of physical commodities? Now, I'm exhausted just reading these 20 questions, but this is a category of finance, and I wanted you to know the literacy. See you next lecture. 21. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Cryptocurrency : Okay, here we go. Now this category is a little more relaxing, at least for me. And this is cryptocurrency. Okay. I became a student of studying this back in 2018 because I was just curious. I didn't understand it. Once I learned some of the financial literacy that's associated with cryptocurrency, I had a better understanding, you know, so I was able to hold a different conversation. I've included this because it is a financial industry. You need to at least know a little bit about it, even if it's only question number one? What is cryptocurrency? If you can answer that, there's your. That's enough. That's all you need to know. Question number two. How does block chain technology support cryptocurrency? Now these questions have gone straight from beginner to intermediate, because this is a dynamic industry, constantly changing, and it's good to know about it a little bit about it. What is bitcoin? Why is it considered a store of value? How do crypto currencies differ from traditional fiat currencies? When you hear fiat currencies, is talking about cash dollars. I guess that Wall Street has a tendency to create its own language. When you see fiat, that just means it's not the car. That just means it's cash dollars or euros, fiat Yen, currency, whatever. But it just means that it is in that value versus a digital currency cryptocurrency. What is a cryptocurrency wallet? And how does it function? How do decentralized exchanges? They call them DC, D EXS facilitate cryptocurrency trading? What is the role of minors in validating cryptocurrency transactions? As you can see, if this is your first foray, you dipping your toes into this for the first time, it sounds foreign. Like I said, another language. What are the risks of investing in volatile cryptocurrencies? Well the fact that you've got volatile in front of crystal currency tells you what that's all about. It is a risky business. How does proof of work differ from proof of stake in block chain consensus mechanisms?'s a lot. How do stable coins like tether maintain price stability? For all my cryptohads out here, they're just zooming through this. For everybody else, it's like, Wow, what is all this? What is the significance of Etheriums smart contract functionality? I do want you to print this page, and I would love if you would just go ahead and Google the sentence, just plug them in and get the answers and write them in because then at least They got a basic comprehension of this category? It's not going away. How does a cryptocurrency initial coin offering an ICO work? What are the tax implications of buying and selling cryptocurrency? How do decentralized finance? They call it DFI. K that term, DFI, decentralized. What do you think is the opposite of decentralized, centralized. DFI is decentralized. Platforms, how do these DF platforms utilize cryptocurrency? What is a hard fork? And how does it impact a cryptocurrency network? What do you think is the opposite of a hard fork? A soft fork. Yeah, go ahead and have fun with this. Fill in these answers. How do investors store their cryptocurrencies securely? How does tokenization allow real world assets, you call it RWA, to be represented on a block chain? What are non fungical tokens? I think a lot of us, most of us have heard of NFTs at this point. I mean, I think I mean one year one line summary of it. Well, that was a bust, but there's more to it than that. But yeah, It's evolving. This old category is evolving. As part of your financial literacy, that's also evolving. I want to include this. What are non fungical tokens, Ts, and how do they differ from cryptocurrencies? How do regulatory actions affect the global cryptocurrency market? Then the last question, how do privacy coins, like Monero, differ from bitcoin in terms of transaction anonymity? Yeah. I remember I told you, I'm 67-years-old. So from 2018 to now, so that's eight years, 2018 to 2024, that's six years. I've been a student of this for six years and still have not mastered all of it. But I find it so fascinating that I had made the commitment. Remember that? First, there was curiosity. That was me in 2018. And I sat on it. Then in 2020, there was interest. I came back to it. Now, I'm committed because I want to know as someone with an MBA in finance, as someone who's an economist, as someone who's constantly studying the economy. I want to know the impact of all of us on all of us. So it's up to you see you next time. 22. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Spot Trading : Hello. It's Tomasina, here we go. I'm back and another category that I don't think you need to lose a lot of sleep over? It's called spot trading. I once you become familiar with the term just as part of your po cab, just to round it out. Obviously, question number one is going to be what? What is spot trading in financial markets? Get that definition. Know what it is. Question number two, it goes off the rails. How does spot trading different from futures trading? It just goes on and on. What are spot prices? How are they determined? How does spot trading work. In the foreign exchange market. You'll hear four X, every now and then, FOREX. That's a market where they make these trades. The four X market, Wall Street, I don't know anybody in this market. I know the term just from studying it. But it is a complicated spot trading is a complicated scene. What is the settlement process in spot trading? How do spot traders capitalize on short term price movements? Sounds a little bit like Vagas to me. What are the risks of spot trading compared to other forms of trading risks? How do interest rates affect spot trading in currencies? What is the role of liquidity in spot trading markets? It's called empty pockets, if you get it wrong? What do spot gold trading How does that differ from trading gold futures? What are the main commodities traded in the spot trading market? Now, commodities, you know that definition. What is a commodity? Now, what are the main commodities traded in spot trading? What is the importance of the bid versus ask spread in spot trading trading? They also have that in stocks, a bid price versus an ask price. How do geopolitical events? What does that mean? What's happening in the world. There you go. Geopolitical. How do geopolitical events impact spot prices in commodity markets? What is a spot transaction and how does it differ from a forward contract? For all you folks out there who are into spot trading or thinking about getting into spot trading, this is a good PDF to print and then master all your answers. Then I'm going to recommend you come up with another 150 questions before you make that leap. All right. How do market makers influence spot prices in financial markets? How is leverage used in spot trading, particularly in four X markets? What is the role of supply chain disruptions in spot price fluctuations? That's a mouthful. How does spot trading provide opportunities for arbitrage? Okay. Highlight that. I think we all watched Wolf on Wall Street, right? Arbitro hegemons, Spot Train, preachers. We saw what happened there. But this is I'm just being funny because it's such a serious topic. But I teach this a lot, especially a lot of my students might be in their 20s or 30s or 40s and people get it. You got to put a little levity on some of these topics. You got to just know what you're doing because this is not a course about financial advice. It's not that. This is of course about empowering you, understanding, giving you confidence to go out there and then find more out about a particular vocabulary category that you have an interest in and take it from there. That's what it's about. But that's the power. I tell you. Come on. Financial, vocabulary, financial literacy. That's a superpower. And when you have it, you're going to watch everything around you grow. So I'll just say that and leave it there. So how do spot prices influence futures prices in commodities market, out of spot trading affect the pricing of perishable goods in agriculture. Okay, so now yeah, you probably went to sleep on this one, except for question one, what is spot trading? See you next d. 23. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Hedge Funds : Okay, here we go. Strap yourself in because the title of this lecture is hedge funds, 20 pop quiz questions, specific to hedge funds. I know absolutely no one involved in hedge funds. I don't think it's that every day conversation that you have. But remember, this course is all about confidence and empowering you with the language of financial literacy, and hedge funds is a part of that. Here we go. Question one, what is a hedge fund? How do hedge funds differ from mutual funds? Question one and two that applies to you as a beginner. What strategies do hedge funds use to generate returns? What is short selling and how do hedge funds use it? How does leverage amplify both potential gains and risk in hedge funds? What are the typical fee structures in hedge funds? What is the role of a hedge fund manager? Do you know any hedge fund managers? I certainly don't. What are the liquidity restrictions commonly found in hedge funds? How do hedge funds mitigate risk in their portfolios? What is the difference between a long, short equity strategy and a market neutral strategy? I think we move into advanced territory. What are distressed asset funds? I know what distressed means. That's me right now trying to get this vocabulary out on hedge funds. But what are distressed asset funds and how do they operate as it relates to hedge funds? What is an event driven hedge fund strategy? Event driven. That sounds a lot like that geopolitical, Event driven, something happened today that's affecting these prices. That's what event driven means. How does that relate to hedge funds? How do global macro hedge funds capitalize on macro economic events? Now, being an economist, economist, I love these phrase. Macroeconomics. That just simply means big picture. Microeconomics. That just means small picture. Okay. So don't let those terms throw you. Mcro, big, Micro, small. Okay? Global macro? That's really big. What is the significance of the two and 20 fee structure and hedge funds? How does regulatory oversight affect hedge fund operators? How do hedge funds use derivatives? Yikes, for speculation or hedging? What is a high water mark in hedge fund performance fees? How do hedge funds utilize arbitrage strategies to exploit market inefficiencies? Let's just love this. Look at these terms. That's how people talk over your head. Market inefficiencies. I'll tell you market inefficiencies, going to the supermarket and they're charging me $5 for a dozen of eggs. That's market inefficiencies. Somebody's not keeping an eye on their supply chain. But this is a term also used in hedge funds. Okay. What role do hedge funds play in financial markets liquidity? How did hedge funds contribute to the 2008 financial crisis? Google that. Just Google. 2008 financial crisis. And watch all these terms you've blurred during the course of these lessons all from the sca B these hedge funds, financial crisis, options, tradings, future contracts, for that sound normal. It's a wonder. We didn't fall further into financial ruin. But these are terminologies that I think you should know. It's a good focal to understand, but I don't know if you have to be the masters of the universe with this. There you go. See your next lecture. 24. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Futures Contracts : Hey, hello. I've got my notes. I'm ready. And you saw the title of this one. Futures Futures contracts. Again, rare that the everyday person is going to be having a conversation about futures contracts. Again, just til for your pleasure. At your leisure, you can expand on it. Question number one, what is a futures contract? Just know that. And number two, Maybe. How do futures contracts differ from spot contracts or maybe not. Three. How do investors use futures contracts for hedging? I'm going to stick to number one. For most of you in the beginning stages. That's all you need to know. What is a futures contract? You can at least answer that, respond to that, and you have that information. Next, how do commodity future contracts work? What is the expiration date? In futures contracts. You know all about expiration dates as it comes to fin as it relates to finances? Why is it important? Expiration dates are important. CDs, mutual funds. Think about it. Target date funds. We know there's an expiration date. We know there's an end date. We know there's a maturity date. Come on. You do connect that. Active recall. How do cash settled futures contracts contracts differ from physically delivered contracts? What is the role of a clearinghouse? In futures trading? How do speculators and hedgers differ in their use of futures contracts. What is a? Here we go. Contango? Did you look that up? Because that came up during another session. And what is backwardation. See? So, obviously, that's something that's involved in these type of hybrids of traditional investing. What is a contango in the contact of futures trading? What is a backwardation? How does it affect futures pricing? How do interest rates influence the pricing of futures contract contracts? As you can see, inflation has played a role through this entire course. Inflation clearly plays a role on everything you touch in terms of your investments, in your decisions. What is the role of futures contracts in the oil and energy markets? How does leverage magnify gains and losses in futures trading? What is the difference between a futures contract and an options contract? No, well, you got number one and number one on both yeah, pages. What is a future? What is an option? Now you know the difference. You've got the definition. At least you can answer question number 16 quite easily. How does the settlement process work for futures contracts? What are the risks of holding a future contract to expiration date? Apparently, there's risks. How do That's actually making me laugh a little bit because I think about it. What are the risk of holding a futures contract to expiration? Other words, you better jump out of that secret. Before he expires, I don't know enough about futures to give you any in depth, anything, but I do know. It's something I want you to know about, and it's just, you know, a concept. That's all it is is the financial literacy concept. So know a little bit about it. But that's a funny question, the way I worded it. You know, when do you get out of it? All right, so how do investors roll over futures contracts to maintain positions? And then how does free high frequency trading impact futures market? All right. So again, you may have snowed on this one, and I get it. It's not your category. For all those of you are out there and your inter futures contracts, you want to learn a little bit more, at least learn the core definition and some of the impacts that will have on your portfolio. Okay? See your next lecture. 25. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Derivatives : Okay. One more grind topic before we get to something a little bit more fluid. For this component, we're going to be talking about derivatives. Think question number one is, what is a derivative in the financial markets? You can stop there if this is not your category, or you can go ahead and have a little curiosity about some of the terminology associated with derivatives. How do derivatives derive their value from underlying assets? What are the main types of derivatives? We've talked about a few? How are derivatives used for hedging and speculation? What is the difference between exchange traded and over the counter derivatives? What are the risk associated with traditional derivatives? How do interest rate swaps work in financial markets? What is the role of margin in derivative trading? How do derivatives help manage risk and complex financial portfolios? What is the complex being the operative word? What is the concept of notational value in derivatives trading? How do credit default swaps? They call them CDSs work? What is their purpose? How do options function as a type of derivative? What are exotic derivatives? I see that alone would make me not kind of move towards this category. Exotic derivatives, and how do they differ from standard derivatives? That already sounds risky, right? Exotic versus standards. How did derivatives contribute to the 2008 financial crisis? Where have we heard this before, you know, because we're still in this category of financial literacy that Wall Street actually, I mean, actually engages in every single day But the everyday people, as long as we know question one, what is a derivative? The answer usually lets us know if we want in or around. There are other people who need to need to go in a little deeper. All right. What is counter party risk and over the counter derivatives? How do derivatives provide leverage for traders? What is the difference between a derivatives intrinsic value and time value? How do derivatives affect global financial markets. Here we go. You know what that means. The world, How do derivatives affect global financial markets liquidity? What regulatory measures are in place to manage the risk of derivative trading? Most of you are going to stop at question one. And that's okay. Continued success. Let's move forward to a real fun category. These next two are really fun. See you then. 26. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Precious Metals (Gold, Silv: Tomasina. Welcome back. And this is fun. Because this is a great category. I think all of us at some point, have been affected by gold, silver, platinum, precious metals, whether it's earrings, brains, bracelets, necklaces. We're affected by precious metals, and this is a category in financial literacy. Here we go. What are precious metals and why are they valuable? Everybody can relate to this one. How does goal act as a hedge against inflation? See, I bet you didn't know. That watch, those rings, those bracelets, everything? Those are actually financial literacy, vocabulary items you're wearing every day. Those are investments. What is the difference between investing in physical goal versus gold ETF? Uh, exchange traded funds? You know what that is? There's a gold exchange traded fund. Yep. Okay? How are silver prices correlated with industrial demand? How do geopolitical events? What does that mean again? Come on. Stuff happening in the world. Geopolitical events impact the price of precious metals, what are precious metals. Gold, silver, platinum. You got it. What is the role of central banks in influencing gold prices? How do investors use precious metals to diversify their portfolios? Do you know anybody that collects watches? Collects gold watches, collects jewelry? They're investing. They're saving it, tucking it away. Instead of leaving it in cash. They're investing in precious metals. It's a category. What are the risk of investing in precious metals? How do precious metal futures contracts work? Look at that. Futures is involved even in the precious metal categories. What is the gold standard? Now, you've heard that, how does it affect global currencies? How does the price of platinum compared to gold and silver? I love platinum. How do mining companies impact the supply of precious metals, What are precious metals, gold, silver, platinum. Come on. You're getting there. Precious metals. How does currency fluctuations affect the price of precious metals? Okay? What is the significance of safe haven assets like gold during a financial crisis? Let me even if you look back 100 years the gold rush, people knew stockpile that gold. So no matter what happens, you had that asset. I'll do time out that actually applies today. Just wanted to say that as a side pi. Stockpile that gold. I'll do, where there's white gold, Yellow gold, stockpile that platinum. Those are precious metals. Yeah, prices will vacillate. We know that. They'll go up, they'll go down. Goals been a standard since the beginning of the time all way back in the Egyptian T and the Pharaohs and the goals, you know, that is a great asset. So I really want you to print this and answer all these questions. You know a little bit more about those earrings and necklaces and bracelets and watches that you're wearing. They're valuable. How do precious metals performed during periods of economic uncertainty? What are the storage and insurance considerations when you invest in physical metals? How do precious metals compare to other commodities like oil and agriculture. You know, agriculture. Wheat, barley, beans, tomatoes, agriculture, cows, new, sheep, goats. Okay. How does the demand for jewelry influence precious metal prices? Everybody out there sitting around now. Looking at their jewelry. Let's do it this particular section of the course. You taking a look at your jewelry a little different wing. You wearing an investment. What role do ETFs play in the precious metals market? And how do supply chain disruptions affect the availability and pricing of precious metals? You know what the supply chain is? We all went through that in 2020 during COVID. Ply chain disruptions, couldn't get a consistent source of anything. Everything was disrupted. How do those supply chain disruptions play a role when it comes to precious metals? Love this category. We're all impacted by it, whether you've pierced your ears and you're wearing gold silver, platinum, whether you love silver, you are in this market. Whether you know it or not. See your next lecture. 27. 20 Pop Quiz Questions · Beginner, Intermediate, and Advanced Specific to Collectibles : Look at that. We reached our final category for discussion purposes on financial literacy. And I left the fun one for lass, and that's collectibles. You'll probably say collectibles. How is that fun? Well, I mean, who out there? I don't know about your era, but who out there hasn't collected beanie babies and baseball cards and signed jerseys and, you know, I don't know, any collectible coins, stamps. That's actually a category. A finance collectibles. You know that? That's why people go to these big shows all over the world. They show their collectibles and they trade, whether it's cars or Rolexes or I don't know. Louis Vita Bag, Chanel, collectibles. That is a category. Question number one. What are collectibles in the context of investments? I'm sure you've got collectibles somewhere in your home. How do collectibles differ from traditional financial assets like stocks and bonds. H. What are common types of collectibles that people invest in? I just named a few. I know you've got a few more. T see, this is beginner Intermediate Advance. This is the fun one. Everybody has something they collect. Pencils, pens, glasses. I love antiques. I collect old oil paintings. I don't care about the province. I don't know I don't care where they're from. I just collect oil paint like the one you see behind me. I collect pottery. I collect old lamps. I collect old books. Collectors is a big category. A common types, how does scarcity influence the value of a collectible. You already know that. There's only ten in the world. One, the price is going to be high and two, you sit in pretty if you hold number two or number nine, if you have one of those ten. What are the risk associated with investing in collectibles? How do you authenticate a high value collectible, such as a rare art or coin? How do you authenticate that? What is the role of auctions in determining the value of collectibles? How does the condition of an item affect its value in the collectibles Market. What are graded collectibles and how does grading impact their price? How does the demand for certain collectibles fluctuate over time? How do taxes apply to the sale of your collectibles? What is the significance of the providence? You heard me mention that providence? That just means, where is it from? Is it from Italy? Is it from France, is it from South Carolina? Is it from wherever Germany? Is it from England? What is the providence of your collectible? Where did you get it? What is the significance of the providence in the value of fine art collectibles? How do you ensure high value collectibles? What is the role of emotional attachment? In the valuation of collectibles, it's high. I just gave you the answer, even though this wasn't a Q&A. I can tell you right now, the emotional attachment, you place a higher premium on your collectible, even though the market may say different. How do collectibles perform as a long term investment compared to stocks or real estate? That's on you. What are the advantages of investing in limited addition, collectibles? How do cultural trends affect the prices of pop culture related collectibles? Okay, bracelets? You know who I'm talking about. How do investors store and preserve valuable collectibles like stamps and vintage wines? What is the impact of celebrity ownership? On the value of collectibles. And the last question, how do collectors diversify their portfolios by investing in different categories or sectors of collectibles. I save the best for last. This is a great category. One you want to do a deeper dive on. Something you should include in your overall portfolio, also known as your folder with your investments. So Se your next lecture, and thanks 1 million for joining me for this pop quiz, 26 categories, 520 questions, and whatever the ones that work for you make it really work for you. Commit to knowing more. What I said before, financial literacy is a Superpower. And I stand by that. See. 28. Financial Literacy Pop Quiz Summary: Congratulations. Look at you. You made it. You survive the 520 questions. I really want to encourage you to drop me a line and let me know, which of the categories hit home for you? Because I tried to include a vast cross section of beginner, intermediate, advanced questions during this pop quiz. I tell you, some of the categories they rug it. But at least you're aware of them. You know, none of us gets involved. In all segments of finance. But like I said, it's a second or third language, the language of finance that hold literacy components. It will give you the edge, I assure you. Because now when you open your statements, with its your four oh one k, your Roth ra, your traditional IR, your checking account, your savings account, your mutual funds, look at all this you've learned. You knew a lot already, and now you're just fine tuning those categories that mean the world to you. And I like this format, this active recall format. I like it a lot. Because even though I can't see you, it's just been really nice just thinking about you on the other side of the screen, taking notes, printing information, learning, growing, financial literacy. I say it again. I say it 100 times, I say it to every client. It is indeed a superpower, and you are going to be shocked at what a difference it makes on the decisions that you make every day with your finances. I want to thank you 1 million times over for joining me. This has been a wonderful, wonderful course to create, and I encourage you to please, you know, stay in it. Stay committed. You've gone from curious to interested. Please make that leap into being committed. You won't regret it. Now let me check my notes to see if I've covered everything. I think so. In terms of just making certain that you are constantly thinking and involving and doing what I call continuous learning because that's the key. I've told you my age several times throughout this course, I'm 67. I never stop learning. Read, read, read, grow, grow, grow, and then you can help somebody. You know, now I've got a 2-year-old I told you, I got a granddaughter up and coming. If you don't think, she's going to be reading the Wall Street Journal. By the time she's 10-years-old, you got another thing coming. That was me when I was young. I used to ask my mom. S think I was nuts. My mom and dad. She was a registered nurse. He was in the restaurant business. Nobody really talked about finance around my family. It was ttil I got to University that I discovered economics and finance. I'm like, Wow. I'm from Lus State, New York, a little small town. I didn't know a lot about what was happening on Wall Street. I think about I'm in New York State. Wall Street just down the road in New York City, but I didn't know a lot about that. I had to learn along the way, and then I became more and more interested. The next thing you know, I was fully immersed, and then I grabbed my MBA and studied more finance. Just through the years, I've been in banking and finance and real estate and investing. It's been a journey. But all roads lead to understanding your money so that you have a decent retirement. You know, some people do it extremely well. They retire beyond their wildest dreams. Other of us, we just get it right. And we end up having a wonderful life without have to always looking over your shoulder for something, you know? So pay attention to your money. Open your statements, see if you go one of those target date funds tucked away in your 4o1k. Let me know. All right, and stay in touch. Thanks again for joining me. Child. See you next time. C.