Everything about Sustainable Tourism.

1. Introduction.: In this course, we will dive into one of the most debated segments of the tool is sustainable to what is the purpose of this course is to provide you with your patient point of view, but also to give you some definitions, data, and to criticize the whole theme of sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism is definitely a good direction for tourism as an industry. And we will see in the following temperatures why, but in the same time, we will see why this transaction is not happening without some issues. Obviously, we cannot define what a sustainable tourism without explaining first, what is stories and showing some of the main concepts, like what they said traveler and what is a tourist. That's always thank you for watching. 2. An overview of what tourism is. : To answer, what is two? This is one of the biggest challenges. It is such a complex sifting anti-aging industry that is almost impossible to determine exactly what is storage. They approach we're going to use is to consider two risks as an umbrella term. That underneath, there are many segments. In the next chapter, we wouldn't see about basic concepts, like what is today's visitor, traveler. And three, that is very difficult to define what to dismiss. Let's start with the most basic of all, tourist is an industry. And the really big one, the United Nations world traveler Organization estimates that one out of every ten jobs related to tourism to reason obviously, includes moving and traveling. But tourist, not only for two days before everything becomes too complicated. Let me explain. Someone who is moving inside his province is not considered a tourist, but he can engage in many activities that belongs into the tourism industry. I hope I made clear the complexity of the industry. And now together, let's examine those segments that they are under the umbrella term of tourism and the service. Thank you for watching. 3. Transportation.: The transportation segment is one of the most obvious sectors that fall under the umbrella and is responsible for the movement of people from one location to another. And this includes invite variety of different types of travel, including air, road arrayed, and water-based methods. Now let's start with the first type of transportation. The airline industry. It is the industry that made our world smaller. The derivative of many people to travel around the world possible. Next one is the car. The car rental. The car movement, and the current and services provide customers with a temporary access to a car. These cadherins, the tourist, move to a destinations or to move at the destination. The next one is the water transportation. It involves everything that has to do with movement on a water body. Unlike seas, oceans, rivers, and lakes, it can be the way a movement to a destination or in the destination. The next one is the codes. Services mainly devolves, looked at travel, but as it's very cost-effective, the international codes traveled is gaining popularity. The next one we are going to examine is the railway. Similarly to the code services, travel is becoming more and more popular because of the price efficiency and the environmental impact, where they're more similarly to the code services. Train travel is more common in domestic trips, but they can also can have international appearance. Last but not least, at least for the moment. We have space vehicles. The moment I am writing the script for this lecture, space X company has already sent the first official tourists into the orbit. That's just the beginning. And that's always, thank you for watching. 4. Accommodation.: The next segment that we will find under the umbrella of tourist is that commendation one. And we will start with Airbnb. Airbnb is the biggest recent revolution in the field of tourism. Hotels are the most popular form of accommodation, steel. But the type of accommodation like Airbnb and the ambiguity of the Airbnb in general, to give to ordinary people some extra income is only growing bigger and bigger. In many occasions, Airbnb has become the synonym of booking and accommodation destination, like the Google. When we are going to use it in order to set something, we will say we are going in a B&B, like we say, I am going to Google it. Next link, we have hotels. Hotels are still the most popular form of accommodations. And they offer private accommodation. And in most cases, they offer something additional services with most common overall breakfast, a human in the reception in most of the cases now, we have some robots doing this, but still the vast majority use receptionist facilities like pool of Jim. The next type of accommodations we have is the youth hostels. As the name indicates, it's more common with young travelers. Usually they're Sarah accommodations, but there's some that they offer private rooms with common bathrooms and showers. Also, they have common kits and eggs. For the types of accommodations we have camping and lumping. Here, we are talking about organized camps, glimpse and not the free ones. Camping is almost always taken place in open space and it involves temporary accommodation, like a tenth or a carbon. The big organized campaigns have all the amenities that you need, like supermarkets, restaurants, or bathroom. Usually there is a cheapest form of accommodation. The other side is laxity, camping in a unique vacations and they offer you ten caravans, that they can be more expensive than they've been hotels. For example, igloo gland beginning freelance or staying in a traditional normal tripe, tenth in Morocco. And as I said, usually they are more expensive than average coded already MBB that area. Next we have the smallest of these types of accommodations. The agritourism. Once more and more people choose to combine their accommodation with an outdoor experience and tried to escape from the urban environment that they usually live in. So there is an increase, small but steady increase in demand for accommodations that they offer. Connection with nature and farms that they offer. Sometimes of experiences like collection, continually growing. Now we're going to talk about cruises. Cruzi survey, unique because they combine accommodation and transportation, is the only form of accommodation that combines those two. Lately, as the environmental impact is becoming a big concern, there are estimations that crews traveling is going to decline, especially with the young demographics. And now, especially after the events of COVID-19, we see a tremendous decline in the people who choose for the accommodation, cruises, the service. Thank you for watching. 5. Food and Beverage.: The next segment that we will find under the umbrella of tourism is the food and beverage one. And we will start with restaurants. Restaurants is the most common are world. Unlike tourists, it's an umbrella term. When we are mentioning restaurants. We also mean taverns, fast-food chains, local establishment takeaways, and diners. Obviously in every destination they have different names. But when we mean restaurant, we mean establishment where you can get something to eat. They can be from thrift stores to very luxury restaurants and expensive ventures. The next one is the bars and cafes. But as usually tend to focus on alcoholic beverage, but many also offer food. In contrast, cafes are focusing more on saving coffee, tea, and snacks, usually pass trees and sweet. But also the performer. Many cultures or the report and roles like socialization. Obviously depending on the culture. For example, in some cultures they have theorems instead of cafes. The next one we are going to sit now after the restaurants. Bars and cafes are the nightclubs. We're showing the previous categories also here it depends on the culture and the location. Nightclubs are the very prestigious form of entertainment in Paris, for example, with source and performance, they're actually musicals, but equally important that are in London where they don't involve performances and musicals. And there are focusing more on music and the dance aspect. In both cases, they serve mainly alcoholic beverage and in some cases also food. And last but not least, we have the wineries, the breweries, and the distilleries. In some cases, the winery is the breweries. And the distilleries can be the main attraction of the city, the general area. We have the examples of some distilleries in Scotland or the binaries of Bordeaux. In the majority of the cases they offer your samples are what they are preparing. And in many cases they also offer you food that is suitable to accompany the specific beverage. The solvus. Thank you for watching. 6. Entertainment.: The next category that lays under the umbrella of the tourism industry, the entertainment one. The first segment of the containment sector. The tools. Usually when we are talking about an activity related to risk, then we're thinking of tours, determinists massive at the dating blue, countless variations as nowadays, everything can be transformed into a tool. But from the moment we arrive in Canada destination, the primary activity that we are seeking is to hire someone to show us around. Our tool cannot have cultural character. It can be a hunting tool, it can be a footstool and adventure tool, a tool that includes a sports activity like cycling, running, and boundless matter. If you're a DVT includes movement, then almost everything can be transformed into a tool. The next segment is shopping. It can be from a tiny Shubin led to a massive shopping spree with a purpose for someone to get a totally new clothes. Shopping is in the core of entertainment. Into the tourism industry. Some destinations have become synonyms of shopping, like Milan in Italy and TBI in the United Arab Emirates. The next segment, we are going to talk about museums and the attractions. We are going to see later in further chapters, how many people are visiting museums and attractions, natural or artificial ones? One example is the dismay amusement parks are attracted in total, more than a 100 million visitors globally. That means attracting more visitors than the country. That is attracting more visitors, in that case France. Some museums like Louvre in Paris and the British Museum. The same attractions like the Great Wall and the Taj Mahal at attracting million visitors. Now, last but not least, we are going to talk about activities. Activities is a little bit of a fluid term. If I may use this expression, has people tend to include in this temp, everything that they do and it's not branded as a tool. If someone is doing good afternoon ride or a horse, right? It's not technically a tool, but it's definitely an activity. If someone rent a car to go alone to visit something, she would like to see. It's also considered as an activity. So here we are going to place everything that someone is doing in a destination that is not dual or visiting a museum or attraction. And as always, thank you for watching. 7. Related Industries.: The last segment that we will defined under the umbrella of the tourism industry is the related industries. One here is where things are becoming more complicated. As a related industries can be any industry that benefits from the existence of tourism. For example, where we started with a financial services, the most famous of NSL services or the currency saints. But we also have arise in the market of the travel insurances. The second segment we see is a travel agents. Travel agents sell products with commission, but they don't perform any by their own. More or less than the intermediate between clients. And to reason product providers. Now we are going to talk about them. We have two operators. The road of a tour operator is to combine products and travel products together in order to settle packets, holidays. Usually they include accommodation, tickets for a form of travel, like playing of tickets, and maybe some tickets for attractions. Now we're going to talk about the marketing agencies. As tourism is a growing constantly, there is a massive competition and people start realizing that they need a specialized marketing. Agencies focusing the promotion of tourist destination and business is mandatory. New destinations emerging all the time. Now we have to pass from the period of the traditional cerebri this into the period where Eastern gun influencers can literally determine the next trendy destination. You don't need to like this, but you need at least to acknowledge the growing effluent of marketing agencies influencers. The next related in the string that we're going to talk is that the most, the tourism boards, the tourism authorities, the conventions, and the visitors bureaus. Usually destinations are creating organizations that are under the jurisdiction of a local, regional, or national authority. And they have the ability to make political and legal things, as well as the financial means to manage the designation resources or these campaigns you'll see with logos, visit and a destination. For example, visits, pain visit Greece, visited Ethiopia is a good example of this. The next men related industry is the facility services. And with the most famous of them, the cleaning services. Almost of segments of the tourism industry have the needs to hire a facility or a cleaning service from this model said BNB that needs to clean professionally the linens and bed sits to the biggest hotel that needs special personnel to clean the acoustics and the pool. These impossible not to find customers for the cleaning services, facilities services, and professionally cleaning services are necessary to the tourism industry. And this one of the sectors that almost always stays in the shadows. The next related industry is that education institutions, even what I'm doing that very second and talking to You can be considered a part of the tourism industry. Universities, colleges, seminars, webinars, and online courses like this one only exists because of the tourism industry and the unique character that has an evolved. So the time. That's always thank you for watching. 8. Synopsis of what tourism is.: As we mentioned many times, they approach we are using is to consider tourism as an industry, or more specifically, as an umbrella term. That under it includes many, many more segments. Now we read, remember those five segments. So we have a number one, the transportation segment. And inside this segment, we have the airline industry, the current and car ownership, what their transportation, coaches, railways and space vehicle. In the second segment, we have the accommodation with Airbnb, Hotels, youth hostels, camping and clamping aggregate tourists and cruises. In the third segment, we had the food and beverage. And in that segment we have restaurants, bars and cafes, nightclubs, wineries, breweries, and distilleries. In the fourth segment, we have the detainment with tours, shopping, museums, attractions, and activities. In the fifth and last segment, we have the related industries with financial services, travel agents, tour operators, marketing agencies, Deimos, tourism boards, tourism authorities, Convention and Visitors Bureau, facility services, cleaning services. Last but not least, education institutions. All those segments together. The ideating, they industry that we all know as a tourism industry. That's always thank you for watching. 9. Who is a tourist?: In the previous chapter, we saw what was the tourism industry. Now we will see what is a tourist, a traveler, visitor, trip. And we will start with a big question. What is a tourist? Too many scientists and researchers in the tourism industry have attempt to provide a documented definition are but doors means. But to this, this first definition, at a little bit complicated, Let's save. I tried to summarize them since the 1940s. And the hunger and crafts definition, where we say a few words, they characterize tourism stood as the effect of the impact of a journey to a person who doesn't stain that relays neither he worked in that place. In the post-war period, a tourist was someone who didn't have a residence permit to replace, let's say in that case in Madrid. But also she didn't work in Madrid. Neither. He got an invitation to beat Madrid. He visited Madrid without any purpose. As you can see, that visit has an impact on him. As I said, these model doesn't have functionality in these days. Nowadays, taken part in events and travel for work is one of the primary criteria to designate someone as a tourist. The main problem with this definition is that it doesn't include most types of tourists who occupy the business nowadays. Like Convention tourist, business, tourists, sports stories, event stories, and many more categories that they are under the, as we said before, the umbrella of tourism. Few years later in 1975, the Swiss Casper defined stories for the first time as a system. Casper believe that the result you get from visiting a place and state in that place, that is not your permanent place or resident. Neither you work there for this section is that someone is doing to that place defining as storage. Once again, even if the Swiss say Pioneer is definition, doesn't have it at the functionality today. Nowadays, we have many cases where people are traveling inside the area where they live in their tourist. For example, citizen of Montana can travel inside Mountain, still be tourist. She can do all the tourist activities you can go to, to displaces. She can totally be tourist. I mean, no one can say to c does not matter that he cannot be a tourist in Montana. My favorite definition comes four years later from one of the leading today's many sensors, lipids in 1979 points out that to say correlation of actions that have as their main feature, the voluntary movement and the residence of a person our way from his usual place of residence. This definition is simple and down to earth and is valid in nowadays, we go out, do a simple field survey and asked a 100 people to give their own definition. This definition that we are going to receive. It's not going to have a shoots deviation from lepers. As the years are passing. We have more complicated definitions, like the one we got from Mike indoors and goodness in 1989. Where the defined as the aggregation of phenomena and relationships that come to the surface from the relationship of tourists, businesses, suppliers, governments, and local communities in process to reach out to rest and visitors. In that case, tourist is the full force of tourists. Another approach, a little bit more weird. Now, we are going to see the most official of the official over the definitions. As we are going to see the definition of the World Tourism Organization, the WTO, Google it is going to appear as I WE DO International World Tourism Organization because many people confuse it with the World Trade Organization. But anyhow, now, the water is an organization, has its own definition. And that's like tourism involves the activities of a person who travels and leaves in place. Outsides didn't stamp this environment nor more than a year for fun, work and other activities. Tourist is anyone who move around from his home and do things that usually it doesn't do for less than one year. If you do it more than a year, then technically you consider an immigrant. I will give you my own oversimplified definition, inspired, of course, by lipid. A tourist, according to me, is a person who is away from indefinite time and distance from his permanent residence in order to engage in activities that they're not part of his everyday life. To reason, as we mentioned in the previous chapter, is an industry that works as an umbrella term. And under We can find many segments that have as a purpose the management of tourists. I am sorry if I confused you with long and deep definitions under service. Thank you for watching. 10. Who is a traveler?: What these travel in, opposite to the definition of what is a tourist. Here, we don't have any issues defining who is a traveler. A traveler is a person who travels. Here. I'm going to provide you with the definition we have from the word revenue organization. And I'm going to include in the reference, the glossary of tourism in order for you to check everything you want. According to the word traveling organization. Parabola splice travel refers to the activity of travelers. In order to travel, you become a traveler. A traveler is someone who moves between different geographic locations for any purpose and for any duration. Now, the visitor is a particular type of traveler. And consequently, to raise is a subset of traveled with a few words in order not to confuse anyone, you cannot become a traveler if you don't travel. And as always, thank you for watching. 11. Who is a visitor?: Finally, we thought that we finish with a big and complicated definitions, but unfortunately, we still have one to analyze. Now we're going to see what this a visitor, and according to the word traveled organization, visitor is a traveler taken a trip to the main destination outside the usual and environment for less than a year. For any main purpose. That can be business, leisure, or any other personal papers, except to be employed. So if you go somewhere in order to work, you cannot consider needed a tourist or a visitor. A visitor can be separated in domestic, inbound, and outbound, and he's classified as a tourist. If he has an overnight visits. With very simple words, a visitor stops being a visitor and he became a tourist if he spent one night outside of his permanent address. So the only difference between a tourist and the visitor is that the tourists can have an open night stay. That's why if you take statistics, you are going to see that usually about their ports are about countries. They don't say 1 million tourists visited the country. They say this country had a million visitors. Because if I stop in a country for two hours to take another flight, I still considered as a visitor, but obviously I'm not going to destroy this country. I hope I made everything I didn't even more clear. And as always, thank you for watching. 12. What is a trip?: In our last of the definitions, what does a trip, according to the World Travel Organization, trip refers to the travel by a person from the time of departure from his or hers usual residence until she returns. Trips taken by visitors. At tourism tricks. Actually trip is the period of movement that is happening from the moment the person diffuse house until here it ends. But obviously, as we mentioned, you need to be a visitor in order for your trip to consider a tourist trip, because technically you leave your permanent address in order to go to work and then you retained. This is technically trip because it's the period of time that you are moving, but you don't spend the night in your working place, usually until you return back to your permanent address. In order for a trip, to consider a tourist trip, you have to be a visitor and you have to spend 24 hours away from your home. The solvus. Thank you for watching. 13. Synopsis: Hello. We will summarize everything we learned in the previous chapter. What is a tourist? Tourist is someone who travels less than a year away from his permanent address with a minimum duration, a day, has to spend at least a nighttime way from his home. His purpose can be anything. It can be for recreation, she can be for fun, he can be for medical purposes. Anything. Traveler is someone who moves between different geographic locations from many purpose. Any duration. A visitor is a traveler who moves away from his permanent address. If he stays at least one night, then he became a tourist. And last but not least, trip is the period of a patient who spends to travel away from his permanent address and telehealth determine if a trip includes an overnight stay, then it became a tourist trip. All these definitions are helping national standard what kind of clients we may have in a location. For example, if location is very, very close to a big city, then usually it has one day visitors and doesn't have tourists. Obviously in that location you can cope and many touristic businesses. But is not very wise to open something like an accommodation business. Because as we said, people will prefer to stay in the big city and visited for one day trips. And also with these definitions, what the standard lipid more, the statistics, as we said, usually the countries in order to boost the numbers, they're usually promoting the numbers of visitors they had, not the numbers of tourists. So if I am traveling to UK from Turkey, anti-stars in Germany, in Germany is going to pound me even if I step my food in their portfolio 20 minutes as a visitor, because technically I am a visitor in Germany, even if I stay on it 20 minutes, but I am not a tourist. So if you take better the statistics, the visitors are always much, much higher than the tourist. And also, you can see that a country or a city or location have a small number of tourists. For example, in 1 million, but close by the cabin attraction that has 5 million visitors. This is the things that we are going to understand. For example, the Disney World is receiving more tourists that all nine United States are not receiving as inbound tourist. But these numbers are visitors. Someone can visit the Disneyland mini many times you can visit ten times is considered as ten visits. It doesn't mean that they have ten tourist people stay in that area. If you have any questions, obviously, you can ask a question and I'm more than happy to answer it. That's always. Thank you for watching. 14. What is sustainable tourism.: According to the World, Today's organization, that is the United Nations specialized agency about tourism. Tourism that takes full account of which current and future economic, social, and environmental impacts. Addressing the needs of visitors, the industry, the environment, and cost communities. That these, but these sustainable to. What we saw up above is the definition. But the World Tourism Organization cannot implement lost to government. So instead of actual laws, we have guidelines and goods. Let's have a look to some of the keyboards that they are using. What do you think about the selection of those words? Should? The user must be established? It requires the informed participation or a continuous process and requires. So before we even start talking about sustainable tourism, we already found out the main talents of sustainable tourism. It is a form of tourism that needs the collaboration of many participants, a continuous effort. In the end, it cannot regulate it by a global authority. That's always thank you for watching. 15. Challenges of Sustainability: Is one of the biggest causes of pollution world-wide. We saw above the tourist means movement with more than a million tourists in the year 2015, I never more nowadays, it is logical to assume that tourism is affecting the climate and very much actually several segments at IQs of contributing to the ecological impact in a place. But of course, displays would have an ecological depth even without Doris. And let me be a little bit clear here. In fact, we have many cases where tourists actually have less impact that the people who literally live in Displace, let's say in a period of a year. Let's take as an example of an Ireland that would obviously is going to have a greater psychological impact that someone who leaves the mainland. And in a period of all his life, not only when he became maturities, they are, lambda needs resources to be sent it to him by vessels and spends a lot of fuel for transport for this reason in, inside the island, but also to move from the island to the mainland if you need something. But also, as we said, to get his resources. Also, he is exposed more often to extreme weather. So he spends a lot of resources for temperature, balancing. The other side, Let's say that the same I landed is the tourists who pumps in a five days holiday in the mainland. And he choose an apartment that this should be ecological. That means that this apartment is going to have potentially zone is not going to use any condition or heaters. He recycle and he used the public transferred. As you understand, the ecological impact of this person is not what it looks. What I wanted to say is this hypothetical example that the citizen, Let's say this island, let's name it, melt them. They citizen of malware that has a negative environmental impacts almost every day of his life. And travel in the continent of Europe in a super ecological, eco-friendly hotel. Obviously, his choice of holidays does not delete how he lives every day. So it is crucial for sustainable tourism, but in sustainable development in general, not to be used as an excuse for even as a psychological reduction. In order to achieve sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism to work and sustainable development in general, we need to have a general sustainable lifestyle. We need to implement sustainable lows and reduction of the emissions in our everyday life. Unfortunately, too many times works as the scapegoat because it is such an important industry, because it's such a big industry because it's such an important industry, It's often in the front lines of the acquisition. Obviously, the whole nature of tourism pollutes because two, this is movement and the movement always going to consume energy. But that doesn't mean that we can have adopt a lifestyle that pollutes every day and we use as a scapegoat, as I said before, sustainable tourism to redeem ourselves a couple of days per year. What we need this balance. And this balance means that we need to understand and we need to get educated and we need to get informed to reduce our carbon emissions and in general, our environmental fruit pink, all year around, not only in our holidays. When we achieved that, we are going to remove a lot of pressure from the tourism industry. Obviously, some segments of the tourism industry, like the cruises, de facto harmful. Yes. I agree. There are some segments of tourism that for now with the technology and the means that we have this moment cannot be saved. I'm talking specifically about cruises. Cruises is the Black Sea of the tourism industry. As for the environmental impact, if you move out of the tourism segment, the cruises, then the whole impact of tourism is not going to be as big as you think. But also, as we said, tourism is movement, so it's very difficult actually to count or the impact of tourism. For example, if you use your car to travel, this movement is not counted into the emissions is counted as your everyday, usually, at least in the official statistics. But obviously, if you change your lifetime and you get a low emission carrier hybrid gatherer, even electric field electrical car that is going to influence your behavior in tourism and also is going to eliminate your emissions also inside the tourism industry. So again, for the last time, but we need is a balance. We need to change our lifestyle in our everyday life, but also obviously, tourism industry needs to change. But again, we don't have to use the tutoring industry as an excuse. And the tourism industry alone cannot achieve anything. We need to change everything in order to achieve sustainable development in general, as a human species, as a human civilization, not only one industry, this industry super important, but we need to change in general. That's always thank you for watching. 16. Examples: One of my favorite examples of price fall and Mariah is again in the two Reason field is the Barack island in the Philippines. Once one of the most popular Ireland in the planet. It was in the list of the most beautiful island of this world. And it was an absolute must and the dream for many people to visit it standardly became an environmental disaster. And it glows for at least six months because of this sures problem. And as you can imagine, that it was a horrible situation. Literally. They weren't there in the Ireland c was not safe anymore for humans to swim, but instead to being destroyed, the local government took actions, put the limit in the arrivals and the restored the infrastructure of the island. And now there are very strict laws about pollution. And literally the island has transformed, again, is one of the top destinations in the world. If you want more details, I will put some sources available in the sources section. Examples, our use of sailing boat without engines in order not to disturb the whales in Iceland and New Zealand. In one of my favorite examples is the acquiring of the South Carolina that not only preserves, but also educate the public for the importance of this CBO speed. Because we're talking all this time about sustainability and ecology, but we haven't talked about the need of education. Another great example is the botanical gardens and the Pyramids of we might Internet if in Spain where not only the preserve m Since structures like the period means, but also the plant seeds inside the structures of the local founder. Everything is available to the public. Again, to educate the people about that here logic and local founder and some stones because this parameter made from volcanic stone. Another example that I have a pair of island in Greece that is trying to eliminate all the plastic. The conservation projects in Malawi and Sri Lanka are now extremely successful. Where the local numbers of animals in both cases, I doing extremely well, but also they have eliminate illegal hunting. The kind of tourism that is developed in the last few years in Australia is one other of my favorite examples. Because if you remember the definition, what is sustainable tourism? It's also about humans, is about local people. It has to be sustainable. And in the case of Australia, the last years we have the availability of people to meet their regional locales and to learn about the culture. The examples are countless. But in the majority of the cases, there are the local authorities that they are taken care of projects and they implement legislation and the management of the money. That doesn't mean that the private sector cannot do it. Because I also mentioned some examples, like the private companies in Iceland and the New Zealand, where now the preserve the whales. I hope soon to update this chapter with more examples. Please. If you know any examples of your area or any examples of a place that you visit. And you'd think that it's a good example of sustainable management inside the tourism field. Please let me know and let us know in the comments. As you see, I haven't mentioned anything about the accommodation because I wanted to avoid that because in the tourism field when we are talking about sustainability. But game in the mind of people is in green apartment or reckoning hotel, but is more about the destinations. If the whole destination, like in the example of the Baroque Island. And now they have legislation, the island and everything is more sustainable. Now. Finally, you can say that this island is a sustainable and environmentally friendly Island. Obviously, the private companies need also to take some actions. That doesn't mean that they have to put all their faith and weight, everything from the local authorities. But in the ideal scenario, they are going to work together. As always. Thank you for watching. 17. Environmental Footprint.: The ecological footprint is a method promoted by the global footprint network to measure Schumann demand on natural capital. And t's a measure of human impacting the environment. With very simple words, take a logical or sometimes you can hit it. Environmental footprint measures, calculates and estimates the number of resources and individual needs according to his lifestyle. If you do the test, you are going to see that they compare it with how many you need. You will find the link in the resources. In my case, if everyone had the same lifestyle as me, we wouldn't need 2.5. Imagine that in general, I have a very moderate life. We don't need to take obviously those numbers as absolute numbers, but more like indicators. Because in reality there are so many parameters. The Sustainability Calculator that it's actually impossible to have absolutely results. Map is a good thing to have. A general idea. We talk above that. Sometimes we think that we don't have an impacting the environment. We talked about the example of a person who generally doesn't consume anything on an island, but the nature of his plays at his living. For example, the ILM make his environment and linked by negative because she need all the resources to transport to him and all the resources at transport to him by cargo. And he's exposed to extreme climate. So as I said, this is a very good tool to see Morales, your general lifestyle, the impact of your general lifestyle. But don't take it for granted. Don't feel guilty or visually. If you do the test and you see that you need ten minutes, then yes, something is wrong. You do something that doesn't make a lot of sense. But as I said, you don't have to take this as an absolute, but he's a very good tool to have a general idea. I suggest you, when we finish this video, to go in the sources, Click, it is going to take around five times. And you have a general idea about your impact in the environment. And as always, thank you for watching. 18. Greenwashing: Have you ever heard the phrase greenwashing? Greenwashing is the process of conveying a false impression or providing misleading information about how a company or a product are more environmentally friendly. Greenwashing is considered an unsubstantiated claim to deceive consumers into believing that the company's product or a company's policy in general or environmentally friendly? I had read that the only way I'm going to talk now about our case about tourist, that the only way for the tourist known to have an environmental impact is to travel by foot or by bicycle. Or the other cases are polluting. Review, as you can imagine, greenwashing is dominant in the tourism industry. Of course. Even doing that, even traveling only, buy food or bicycle, a tourist. Then he must to choose to stay in an accommodation that doesn't have a big impact. As the logic says, all the accommodations are going to have an impact. So as you can imagine, getting washing is also dominant in the hospitality segment of the tourism industry. Many hotels now warfare a cycle. Soaps. They suggest to the customers not to change the towels every day in order to save resources. But it resets have shown that the biggest environmental factor is the food. Repairing, maintaining, of course, manage the food waste from hotel. Meals is now a huge problem. I remembering Nicholas in the university where our professor was showing us an example, wearability stories had a biggest environmental impact. If you choose a five days holidays from UK to Spain. Then if you go from UK to psi Bruce, that the Azure obviously much further for ten days. But the hotel inside Bruce only serves cold food. Unfortunately, in almost all cases there is a big exploitation about the environment and friendliness of a product or a sector, or an industry simply for marketing purposes. There was an airline company a few years ago that said both to plant a tree for each of your clients that flew and chose a company in a whole calendar year. Of course, the calculate that these have absolutely no effect. The planting can itself be in Connecticut problem, mass made by scientists and methodically. And it is a very complex and time-consuming process. So it's better not to use three planting as a marketing tool or as a theme in marketing campaigns. Whatever I want to do here is not to tell you that every time you hear the word green or environmental friendly or eco-friendly, to think that this is a case of greenwashing I want to achieve is to inform you about the greenwashing and give you a warming. That you should always check the facts twice. It doesn't matter if a product and use the most sustainable way of cultivating. If it traveled half of the globe to arrive to you. No company is going to tell you that this product requires shoes, amount of energy and emissions to arrive to you. But also what I'm saying now is not 100% sure. Also they have found, for example, in the case of avocado, that the double green wash, I'm going to explain. There are some countries like Spain in Europe that they could be wait Avocados because they thought that importing avocado from Latin America, it requires huge resources. But in the editing, but avocado really needs is what they decided to cultivate avocados in Europe and the US, tremendous amount of water. And they realize that the environmental impact of cultivating avocados in Europe I'm consuming in Europe is much higher than cultivating avocados in the mentoring environment and seat them to Europe. Again, there is not a right or wrong side. Here. What I wanted to suggest you is to always criticize. Greenwashing is working mainly because the majority of the people are not informed and its logic and not being formed because there is a lot of misleading information out there. So sometimes is logic, sometimes is not. Unfortunately. I remember I was studying case study a couple of years ago. It very similar to the avocados. And they decided that the Italians, that they liked to play golf in order to reduce their emissions, to travel to play golf in the United States, they decided to invest and create golf course in Sicily. Obviously, golf course requires tremendous amount of water in order to be preserved. And the environmental impacts, the cost in delivers tremendous. It was 1000 tens better to take the airplane and traveled to the states, play golf or intent Ritalin then to try to create golf courses in CCD. And also there are some industries that the effect on the environment. But it doesn't take a lot of attention. The transportation almost always blinked about the environmental impact. But I cannot say that this green wash, these monolithic mislead because it affects, but not as much as you think. It's around 7%, more or less like the construction industry. The greenwashing is a big problem, but it's not only in tourism. That's why here I'm trying not to focus only in the case of tourists, but it's also a big problem in the case of tourism. Now, more or less you know what is going in when you promote the environmental misleading information about an industry, a company, the product in order to achieve some positive attention. And as always, thank you for watching. 19. Who can credit Sustainability?: We are talking in this course about sustainable tourism, but there is a peak question that almost none can answer. Who can decide what is considered sustainable mean? As criteria for movies. We have the Oscars or the Emmys or similar words. The mode of this awards a movie code because if there is some specific standards, the battery consider, we have no beds for the major sciences, for peace and some other examples. We also have the rankings in stars now that we are talking about tourism. The hotels, everyone understand that a five-star hotel, Murray Chisholm, specific standards, restaurants as the highest award, the Michelin stars. And there are some governmental heights in rankings. We also have client-based rankings, like the rankings you see in the Tripadvisor or the Airbnb, or even in Google. But as for the sustainability, how can we take, honestly me personally, I don't know. There are so many different organizations that they only make things more confusing. Here is a print screen. If you google sustainable tourism organizations, I wish there was one official but also universal organism in order to know and to be able to avoid greenwashing as we talked above when finally the tourism field, it's going to create one of these organisms, or one word, or one credit score or one score or one universal guideline, or to express it better when Tourism Organization and companies finally find standard that they are going to agree together to use as a symbol of sustainability and be adopted by everyone. Then I think that we are going to show one of the main issues that we have for what this sustainability. As always. Thank you for watching. 20. My thoughts: Tourism means movement and movement pollute as much as retried. Of course, this doesn't mean that we cannot have a balanced daily routine. That in the end, even if we pollute when we travel, our final ecological footprint, which still be small. Of course, tourism is one of the industries that pollutes. Even in utopian scenario, where all tourist stop polluting, then we will still have a problem as humanity. It is a universal problem and that is what people need to understand. That has nothing to do with tourism, but with our general attitude is with pollute. Whatever we are going to do is going to pollute. In the Neolithic Age to the ten. When we revisit another replace, we will pollute it even if we wanted or not. But obviously, there is a bright future in my opinion. But I don't know if you have noticed so far. I am an optimistic person and you can see that also in my other courses. Now, the destinations are forced to become more ecological because it consists a very good marketing. Nowadays, airplanes change the aircraft fleet to have fewer gas emissions. Forests are protected as they are attractions. There are many countries that have more forests than they've had in the past. Now animals, they are protected because they are also attractions are needed to travel and set our experiences force many destinations to protect the natural resources. As ecology generates money and is one of the criteria of visiting a place, then ecology is going to continue to thrive. The solvus. Thank you for watching. 21. Conclusion.: We started this course by defining what is tourism and what these students. And also we had a look to some other definitions for the moment that involves movement. Lynn is very difficult for two reasons not to have an impact in the environment, but also in the same time we saw some great examples of sustainable development inside the area of tourism. Sustainability in general, should become a lifestyle choice adapted by individual governments and companies. Sustainable tourism has many tenants instantly greenwashing their lack of Asian reverse, an uncommon acceptable organization that is responsible for the sustainability scores. But in the same time, sustainability has won many tools in the last years, like the environmental footprint measurements and the fact that they will drive an organization, recognize the need for sustainability to reason, as we mentioned, is an umbrella term. And under this umbrella, there are so many industries and businesses that they need for a cleaner alimony. Mental development is something that we need to achieve. We are talking about the industry in the end that involves one, enable it in people who are working. And if we add a positive 15 inserts an important industry, then we can live in really hope for a brighter future. That's always thank you for watching.