Essential English Conversation: How to talk about work

1. Introduction: Hello, everyone. How are you and welcome to this class. My name is Gaya and I am going to be teaching you all about how to talk about work in English. How to talk about your job, your profession, how to have a conversation about what's going on at work. So this is going to be a fantastic class for anybody who is living in a foreign country where you're having to speak in English or for anybody who is working in an English speaking environment. Because a lot of the times work is such a common topic for small talk or when you're having to speak to your colleagues. At times, when you're lacking that accurate vocabulary. We're not able to use key idioms, key phrasal verbs. You can feel a little bit behind compared to native English speakers. That is going to be what we're working on in this class. Now that we're here, I just want to quickly go over the course content, so you know what to expect. So the first part of this class, we are going to be talking a little bit about confidence and speaking English. We're going to start off with how to feel confident when speaking English. Then following that, some things that you shouldn't do when speaking English, some common mistakes that a lot of students do make when trying to communicate in English. Next, we're going to have a little bit of a chat about body language and understand why body language is important and how to become more aware of your body language because especially ESL speakers, we tend to put a lot of emphasis on grammar and vocabulary, and there is a tendency to forget about body language, facial expression, which is another form of communication and really is 50% of what you're saying. Following this, we're actually going to jump into talking about work. We're going to understand how to talk about your type of job, how to talk about where you work, how to talk about relationships at work, and how to talk about how you work. Then we're going to move on and talk about the responsibilities at work and how to have a conversation about this. How to talk about training and work experience, and then how to describe your job. Next, we're going to be moving on to our vocabulary section. You're going to be learning the key phrasal verbs to use when talking about work as well as key DMs. Now in this section, we're going to be understanding what the vocabulary is, how to pronounce the vocabulary, when to use it and go through examples, as well as doing some active speaking exercises. You are actually going to be practicing using this vocabulary with me in this lesson so that hopefully by the time this course is finished, you've already built up your confidence enough to start testing out this vocabulary at work. Lastly, we're going to move on to an analysis of some conversations. We're going to be looking at four different conversations. In order to help you understand how this new vocabulary, the idioms, the phrasal verbs, the grammar structures, how they look in real life conversation and how we actually naturally use them. This is what we're going to be going ahead and learning in this class. Of course, lastly, you're going to finish off with some exercises, not too many, but just enough to help you revise the new vocabulary, start helping you remember obviously the meanings and when to use them. So before we do jump in and get started with the contents of this course. I just wanted to reach out to any of the women who are here participating in this class, and invite you to join the women and English community. It is an online English community that I founded with the goal of helping women build their confidence and really help them excel in their English. If you are interested in joining, you can see the links over here, Instagram, Facebook, YouTube, as well as a podcast. Ladies, if you are interested, there you go, you're welcome to join. All right, everyone, so let's go ahead and get started. 2. How to feel confident when speaking English: All right. Let's start off this class by talking about feeling confident when speaking English. Now, feeling confident when speaking English is let's say the main goal of the majority of my students because when you're speaking a different language and you don't feel confident, it makes it incredibly difficult to feel fluent and just to feel like you're making a connection with the person or people you're actually speaking to. Now, the reason why I've decided to incorporate this particular topic in the context of talking about work is because when we're talking about work, we're talking about our profession. A lot of the time, our profession is something that we've been doing for a very long time, ten years, 15 years, and we tend to have a lot of experience in this area. And what happens is we build a sort of status around ourselves and we feel like, you know, I'm G. I've been, for example, I'm GIA, I've been a teacher for ten years. I know how to do this. I know how to do that, and we feel very secure and confident about ourselves. However, When we then need to express this side of our personality in another language like English, for example, there's a lot of conflict. We can at times find ourselves in a situation where we feel quite frustrated and quite angry or sad because we say, Hey, I know who I am, I'm super confident about who I am in regards to work. But when I have to express that in English, What happens? I feel like a two year old girl. This is why I want to talk about how to feel confident when speaking English and share with you, I think here, I've got five tips that really changed the way I felt when speaking Italian and have really helped my students. The first one we have here is the idea of focus on what the person is saying instead of what you are saying. A lot of the time as S speakers, You guys get a very obsessed, very normal though, very obsessed with, I'm going to use the right grammar and the right vocabulary. While you're having a conversation, unlike if you are speaking your mother tongue language where you simply enjoy the I apologize. Where you simply enjoy the conversation and talk. When you're doing that in English, you're thinking of sentence structures and vocabulary, and it becomes very selfish because we're just thinking of ourselves and that causes a lot of discomfort. So instead shift that thinking to just thinking about what the person is saying, This takes a lot of pressure off yourself because instead of focusing on what you have to say and how you have to say it, you start enjoying the conversation. You start being more interested in the conversation rather than how you are speaking English. That takes me to the second point where it says, be interested in the conversation. If you are genuinely interested in the conversation, your mind switches from panic to from panic to, hey, that's interesting. I'm curious about that, and you almost forget you're speaking English. You forget that you're scared to speak English and you start having fun. You start taking pleasure in the activity of speaking. My third point here is embrace your mistakes and be confident about them. Something I talk about all the time. You're always going to make mistakes and when talking about work, sure you may do this class, but you may forget something, you may misuse an dim and you might make a mistake. If you can be confident about making mistakes. The other people won't even notice you're making a mistake. If you can give off the feeling, well, so what? I'm fantastic in my mother tongue language. I made a mistake. Who cares? Do you understand what I want to say? Fantastic. You come across with this sense of suenss of yourself regardless of making a mistake, the people listening to you or won't notice the mistake, or will be like, Oh, my God, she's such a great speaker. She's so confident and they're going to feel very comfortable and speaking to you. The next one is don't pretend to understand when you don't be open and ask questions. This is one of the main fears my students have, they always say, but Gaya, what if I don't understand something, what do I do? I always give this advice be open. The worst thing you can do is pretend you understand something in a conversation because you're too shy to be honest and then find yourself in a situation where they've asked you a question, you say, I understood nothing up until now, what do I do? So this point really helps to increase your confidence because if you can say, Hey, I'm sorry, I just don't understand. Can you repeat that, please? Or, hey, did you mean this and ask them a question? What happens is you realize the other person's reaction, that it's not the end of the world, and they simply say, Oh, okay, sure, and they explain it to you. Here is going to build your confidence because you realize, well, they don't care if I don't understand. That's all. It's not a big deal. Our last point that we're looking at is, remember, English is just a tool in order to achieve a bigger goal. I'm going to have to hold myself on this point not to talk too much because it is a big topic. However, I want you to think that English is just a tool that you use in order to complete another action. This is incredibly important in terms of confidence because it takes the pressure off. A lot of the time ESL speakers put a lot of expectation on themselves when speaking English and feel like, Oh, my God, I'm speaking English, which means I need to be perfect. I need to use the conditionals and they forget that you should speak English very well depending on the context. However, it's not your language. It's okay that you make mistakes. If you use English as a way to demonstrate how perfect you are. To demonstrate to yourself how perfect you are, you are going to be lacking in confidence. If you see English as a tool that you are using in order to do something more important, taking work, for example, you are using English as a tool. Execute your job. Your job is where you can place your high expectations because that's where your specialty is. That's where your expertise are. English is the tool, it's the computer, it's the equipment you are using in order to achieve that. These were the five points that I wanted to go over that are very key points to understand to metabolize when we're looking at how to feel confident when speaking in English. 3. Don't do this when speaking English: Moving on, keeping with the topic of confidence, we are looking at things to not do when speaking English, things to avoid when speaking English. When you are speaking English, the main things that you want to avoid doing in order to make you feel more confident and appear a better English speaker is don't speak fast. Thinking it makes you sound more natural. This is the most common thing that I think All language learners do, I do it myself when speaking Italian. There is the idea that if you speak super fast, you sound so natural and you sound like, Hey, I really know the language, it's so effortless. This is not true. English in particular is a language that even if you're a mother tongue speaker, we take our time when talking. Start to listen to me as I'm speaking in this class. I'm constantly pausing. I'm stopping at four stops. I'm giving a break between one idea and another in order to create emphasis. This is called tone, and you need to include it in your speaking and you simply do it by slowing down and taking a deep breath and just taking your time. There's no need to rush through what you're saying because what can happen is one, it feels quite stressful for the person who's listening to you, listening to a person speak like, you feel like, Oh, my God, you're making me feel anxious. Second, and it's an important point to note, you're going against your weaknesses because obviously not being a mother tongue English speaker. I'm sure you guys are absolutely fantastic at speaking English. However, you do have your own accent, which derives from your mother tongue language, and this is very normal. However, if you don't take that into consideration, and you start to speak English very fast, accompanied by having a different accent when speaking English, this can cause more difficulty in the comprehension side when you're speaking to another person. Really do take your time, pause, pause at full stops, and even gauge what the other person is doing. While you're talking, look at the other person. Do they look confused? Do they look like they're following you? Should you repeat something that you've said, should you pause? Should you speak a little bit slower? This is very important. The next point is don't apologize for making mistakes. It's fine to make mistakes. We make mistakes. You guys know, I make mistakes all the time when I'm doing my English lessons or when I'm filming my classes, I simply say, Oh, sorry, and I say what I want to say. You don't need to apologize for making your mistakes. What I mean by is Every single time you make a small grammar mistake or a vocabulary mistake to stop to apologize, and then just to correct yourself over that. What happens is if it's once and you say, Oh, sorry, I wanted to say this, that's fine. If it's something that's happening all the time constantly, the conversation is no longer a conversation. It's a dialogue if you apologizing and correcting your mistakes, and it becomes very boring and very stressful to listen to and you're going to lose the engagement of the person you're speaking to. The next point is don't constantly repeat yourself because you think people don't understand you. Now, if somebody doesn't understand you, they're going to say, I don't understand, or you're going to see their face like What? They're going to show you they don't understand. But don't assume don't come from a place of such a lack of confidence that you think, whatever I say people are never going to understand me and therefore, repeat every idea, every concept in different ways because you just feel like you're not doing it properly. This is so confusing, this is so difficult to follow and it really creates a lack of coherency in what you're saying. Last point and we mentioned this before is don't focus on vocabulary and grammar when speaking. Instead, if you're paying attention, what should you be doing? Yes, you should be focusing on the actual conversation and being interested in what the person is saying. It doesn't matter about your grammar and vocabulary. It does matter. Of course. I'm here teaching you grammar and vocabulary. But when we're looking at the confidence aspect, if your focus is there, it means your focus is on perfection and focus on not making mistakes. This puts up an unrealistic expectation and causes you to decrease your confidence when then you obviously do make the inevitable mistake. Try to focus on the other person on what you're speaking about and not so much on your vocabulary and your grammar. 4. Using body language in conversation: Moving on, we are going to talk about body language and the importance of body language in conversation, whether you're talking about work, friends, relationships, et cetera. Body language is something that is highly underestimated. We always focus and even myself, we always focus our attention on what we say, we forget that what we say is executed in many different ways. It is executed through our words, but it's also executed through the way we move our hands, our posture, the expression on our face, and Talking conversation really is 50% actual words, 50% body language. It is often, really underrated, especially when you're learning a language. You tend to learn the grammar of the language, the vocabulary of the language, but not the movement of the language. If you really want to express a certain opinion, if you really want people to understand on a very subtle and sensitive level what you're saying, you're going to need to take body language into consideration. So this is what we're going to talk about. And I'm just going to give you some very simple points or things to remember to do when speaking in English regarding any topic. The first one you want to do is simply remember to maintain eye contact. In English, if you're not able to maintain eye contact in a conversation, it makes the other person feel quite uncomfortable. Now, I don't mean staring at them and just not moving your eyes at all. You want to do this very naturally. However, if you're having a conversation where you're just looking down all the time, or your eyes are moving around and you're quite obviously avoiding eye contact, it makes the other person feel like they can't trust you and it makes the other person feel like What are they talking about? Do they really feel sure about what they're saying? They feel a little like they're lacking in confidence, they're quite shy. When we're looking at the context of work, if you're giving a presentation, if you're talking to your colleagues, your boss, your clients, you want to look like the most trustful person there is, and this is something that you really want to avoid doing? Next up, don't fidget. Fidget means to be constantly doing something with your hand. Imagine why you're talking and then you're tapping the pen or you're fixing yourself, you're touching your nose. It's just like a constant erratic, stressful movement you're doing with your body. Again, this promotes stress and makes the other person feel like you're very uncomfortable in the conversation. Okay. Next, don't move your head around when speaking, this is the same as maintaining eye contact. Sometimes when you're speaking another language, you feel so uncomfortable that this discomfort comes across in your movement and your body starts to move away from the language because you're feeling like I don't want to do this conversation anymore. Avoid moving your body, avoid moving your head away from the person that you're speaking to. Next one, which is just a really common generic point, pull your shoulders back and keep your back up straight. Don't slouch, don't close your body because this is going to show that you are closed in the conversation, you're lacking confidence and you can't be trusted. You want to be very open, you want to look very confident and this posture really does show this. Next one, don't bite your nails. This goes in the same point as don't fidget. Lastly, relax your face and show natural expression where appropriate. This is the hardest one because when you're in a conversation and you're trying to understand what the other person is saying. Obviously, there is a tendency to just be like, I'm going to get it. I'm going to understand. I know that word. What does that word mean? And you look quite tense. Or there is the tendency of, I'm just going to pretend to understand everything and just smiling, say, yes. Both these extremes are really unnatural. You just want to focus on relaxing the muscles in your face. Taking a deep breath and if you feel like smiling, smile. If it's something funny that makes you laugh, laugh. Don't force yourself to show any type of expression that isn't in harmony with what you're feeling because you're going to see that and it's going to make you look a little bit fake. Okay. 5. Talking about the type of job you do: All right. So moving on, we are going to talk about where you work and understand how we can grammatically construct these sentences when talking about where you work? Because in order to do this, we need to be using some different prepositions, as you know, prepositions tend to be a little bit complicated in English. When answering this question, where do you work? We have a few different constructions we can use. You can say I work in. As you know, we just had a look at it. I can say I work at I work four or I work with. Now, do you know how to understand whether we're saying I work in or I work at or when to use I work four or I work with Well, depending on the information, we need to choose the correct option. Having a look firstly at I work at or I work four. We say I work at or four, when we specify the name of the company. When we want to specify the name of the company, we can say I work at or I work four. Here are some examples I have. I work for the Commonwealth Bank, or I work at the Commonwealth Bank. I can say I work for Nike, or I work at Nike. We can also use four. If we want to say that we work for a famous person. If you're lucky enough, I don't know if you're lucky, but if you work for a famous person, you could say, I work for the Prime Minister. I work for Tom Cruz, for example. So a little recap, we are saying I work at or I work for when we are talking about the specific name of the company that we are working for or we can use I work four if we work for a famous person. Now we're going to practice a little bit. Can you please tell me where you work and give me an example sentence using at or four. Fantastic. Now let's move on and have a look at I work in. Now we have a few different options here. We say I work in a place. For example, I work in a hospital. I work in an office. I work in a shop when we're talking about the specific place of where we work. Nextly we can say I work in a city or a country. For example, I work in Australia. I work in Rome. I work in Italy. Next, we can say I work in if we're referring to the department. For example, I work in the marketing department. I work in the sales department. I work in human resources. Lastly, we can say I work in when we're talking about the general area or the industry, like what we learned in the previous slide. They say I work in education. I work in healthcare, I work in consulting. Now, over to you to practice a little bit, can you please tell me where you work and use the proposition in. I work in. Fantastic. Great work, everyone. 6. Talking about where you work: All right. So moving on, we are going to talk about where you work and understand how we can grammatically construct these sentences when talking about where you work? Because in order to do this, we need to be using some different prepositions, as you know, prepositions tend to be a little bit complicated in English. When answering this question, where do you work? We have a few different constructions we can use. You can say I work in. As you know, we just had a look at it. I can say I work at I work four or I work with. Now, do you know how to understand whether we're saying I work in or I work at or when to use I work four or I work with Well, depending on the information, we need to choose the correct option. Having a look firstly at I work at or I work four. We say I work at or four, when we specify the name of the company. When we want to specify the name of the company, we can say I work at or I work four. Here are some examples I have. I work for the Commonwealth Bank, or I work at the Commonwealth Bank. I can say I work for Nike, or I work at Nike. We can also use four. If we want to say that we work for a famous person. If you're lucky enough, I don't know if you're lucky, but if you work for a famous person, you could say, I work for the Prime Minister. I work for Tom Cruz, for example. So a little recap, we are saying I work at or I work for when we are talking about the specific name of the company that we are working for or we can use I work four if we work for a famous person. Now we're going to practice a little bit. Can you please tell me where you work and give me an example sentence using at or four. Fantastic. Now let's move on and have a look at I work in. Now we have a few different options here. We say I work in a place. For example, I work in a hospital. I work in an office. I work in a shop when we're talking about the specific place of where we work. Nextly we can say I work in a city or a country. For example, I work in Australia. I work in Rome. I work in Italy. Next, we can say I work in if we're referring to the department. For example, I work in the marketing department. I work in the sales department. I work in human resources. Lastly, we can say I work in when we're talking about the general area or the industry, like what we learned in the previous slide. They say I work in education. I work in healthcare, I work in consulting. Now, over to you to practice a little bit, can you please tell me where you work and use the proposition in. I work in. Fantastic. Great work, everyone. 7. Talking about relationships at work: All right. Now moving on, we're going to talk about talking about relationships at work and how to do so in a grammatically correct way. So when we talk about our relationships at work, we are using the preposition with, and we are generally using the construction I work with. We can do this when we are talking about the people who are part of your day to day work or day to day work routine. For example, I work with children. I work with foreign students. I work with people who have disabilities. Next, we're using the preposition, if when we're talking about objects that are part of our day to day work. For example, I work with computers. I work with Excel, or I work with electronic devices. Now, these are the two main ways that we are expressing out our relationships at work using the proposition with. However, we can also say another expression, which is I work together with. In this case, we could say, I work together with my team. I work together with my clients. I work together with stakeholders. It is the exact same meaning, but the feeling that it gives you is that it is more of a collaboration. I work together, meaning I work and they work. It's a very fine line. It's much easier for you to just to understand it is the same thing. It is just a more of an emphasis on the collaboration if we're using the word together. Talking about collaborating. When we want to talk about collaborating with others, we have some other expressions that we can use instead of saying I work with. We could say, for example, this month, we are collaborating with a new startup. Here we've utilized with collaborate with. Nextly we can use the expression team up. You can say, we have teamed up with Coca Cola to create this new soft drink, meaning we are working with Coca Cola to create this new soft drink. Following this, we could say work with like we've learned before, we are working with Apple to create a new software. Or lastly, another expression, join forces. We have joined forces with Intel to create a new processor. These are some different ways we can use to talk about collaborating with people, collaborating with, team up with, work with, or join forces. Now, let's practice a little bit. Can you please give me an example sentence of work with or collaborating to express the relationship you have at work. Fantastic. Let's move on to the next slide. 8. Talking about how you work: Moving on, talking about how you work. We're going to talk about the different types of work styles we have in English and how to express them in sentences. These are the main styles of work that we have. We have full time work, which is, for example, five days a week and generally working 9-5. This is the most you can work a full time job or full time work. Next, we have part time work or a part time job, which is, for example, for two or three days a week working maybe just in the morning or just in the afternoon. Following this, we have flexi, flexi time. This is a type of work where they say, you need to complete 15 hours of work a week doing these tasks. You can choose when to complete those hours. This means that you can choose your hours. If it works well for you to work a little bit in the morning, a little in the afternoon or just do all of your work on Fridays. This is the option that you have with flexi time. The next type of work we have is called casual work. Casual work is where you don't have a contract, meaning you don't have benefits. If you're stick, you don't get paid. If something happens, you're not able to get compensated. However, because of this, your pay is a lot. Higher. You get paid more for example than being full time or part time or flexi worker. However, you don't have the added bonuses. Generally, this type of work is temporary, and it is what you were given before you are then given a part time or a full time job. Also in regards to the hours, they can be quite sporadic. You may work just on Mondays and Tuesdays and not the rest of the week, or it may be maybe last minute and you're on a call to call basis, so they may call you in the morning and say, Hey, can you come in in the afternoon It is less of a structured work approach. Lastly, you have to be a shift worker or to work in shifts. This is common if you're working in hospitals, if you're working as a taxi driver, for example, that means that your work schedule is constantly changing. One week you may work mornings. Next week, you may work afternoons, the week after that, you may work some days in the morning, some days in the evening or in the night. It is working in shifts in different sections of the day. Now, when we are looking at what type of work we do the most common questions we get is, what type of job is it or what contract do you have? When answering this question, it's very simple. We just say, for example, what type of job is it? So it's a part time job, it's a full time job. It's a casual position or it's shift work. So if you're talking to somebody and you say, Oh, I'm an English teacher. I always give myself as an example, but you say, Oh, I'm an English teacher. They say, Oh, what type of job is it? You can say, Oh, it's a full time job. At the moment, it's a casual position. Look, it's a shift work at the moment, or they may opt to ask what contract do you have? You can say, I'm on a full time contract. I'm under part time contract. I'm just working casual, or I'm on a shift work contract. These are the most common expressions we can use when answering these questions. Now, I would like to ask you a question. Why don't you tell me what type of work do you have? What type of job is it? Okay. Fantastic. And then what contract do you have? Great work. Now we're going to move on and talk about how to speak about responsibilities at work. 9. Talking about responsibilities at work: All right. Moving on, talking about responsibilities at work. When talking about our responsibilities at work, we have four main expressions that we are going to learn now. The first one is I or she, we can change the subject, but I look after. Now look after, I'm pretty sure that you know, we always used to say I take care of another person. However, when talking about work, we can use it to express our responsibilities. I can say, I look after the invoices, meaning the invoices are my responsibility. It's the job that I do. Or I can say, I look after the spreadsheets. I look after customer sales. Can you please give me an example sentence expressing a responsibility you have at work using the expression look after. Good. Fantastic. Let's move on to the next one. We have take care of take care of. Again, up until now, you've probably learned that take care of is to take care of a person. However, of course, we can also use it to talk about our responsibilities at work. I can say, for example, I take of sales. I take of marketing. I take care of content creation. Okay. So can you please give me an example sentence expressing a responsibility you have at work using the expression, take care of Fantastic. Let's move on. We have another two to look at. The next one we have is I'm in charge of. I can say I'm in charge of user experience or I'm in charge of export. Go ahead. Why don't you now give me an example expressing a responsibility using of. Okay. Fantastic. Lastly, quite simple. I'm responsible for. This is the most obvious way to express your responsibilities at work. I can say I'm responsible for patient care. I'm responsible for B to B sales. Can you now give me a last example expressing a responsibility using the expression I'm responsible for. Fantastic great work. 10. Talking about work experience and training : Moving on, we are going to talk about how to talk about training and work experience. Talking about when you are training for a particular role or you're wanting to gain some work experience and do an internship. We have a few key expressions. We're going to begin with key expressions in regards to talking about training. As you can see here, firstly, we can say training for. Training four. I can say, I'm currently training for a new position or I'm training for a new role that I'll assume next month. Can you give me an example sentence using training four? Fantastic. The next expression we can use is I'm being trained for. I'm being trained for. For example, I'm being trained for the position, or I'm being trained for a new role. Can you please give me an example sentence using the expression being trained for Great, perfect example. We have another two expressions we can also use when talking about training. Here we have under a training period under a training period, and I can say, I'm currently under a training period for a new position, or I will be under a training period for the next month. Can you please give me an example sentence using the expression under a training period. Fantastic. Lastly, when talking about training, we have the expression in training in training. For example, I'm in training to become fully qualified. I'm in training to become certified. Can you please give me another example sentence using the expression in training. Great. Fantastic. Now, moving on, we're going to talk about some key expressions we can use when talking about our work experience, when we want to talk about internships and how to gain experience. We have two key expressions. The first one, undertaking an internship. Era internship. I can say, I'm currently undertaking a new internship. Or I would like to undertake an internship in order to gain more experience. So can you please give me an example sentence using the expression undertake an internship. Okay. Fantastic. The next expression we have is participating in an internship, participating in an internship. In an example, I can say, I'm participating in an internship this month, or I'm participating in an internship to gain more experience. Can you please give me an example sentence using the expression participating in an internship. Fantastic. Great work, everyone. 11. Describing your job : Now we are going to talk about describing your job. We are going to focus on some key expressions we can use to understand the grammatical construction of our sentences and then go through some key adjectives that you may like to use when describing the type of work you do. So beginning with our key expressions, when talking about describing work, we have some key expressions we can use. The first one is plus adjective. Rather plus adjective is meaning that the degree of the adjective you are using is not extreme, but it is more or less. It is similar to saying quite. Having a look at some example sentences, I have my job is rather full on. This is the same as saying my job is quite full on. My job is pretty full on. It doesn't mean that it's really full on. It doesn't mean that it's really easy, it's somewhere in the middle. Another example you can say is my work is rather challenging. My work is rather challenging. Can you please give me an example sentence describing your work using the construction rather plus adjective. Fantastic. The next one we have is quite. Very similar to rather, we have quite plus adjective, and I can say, what I do is quite interesting. My job is quite dynamic. Can you please give me an example sentence using quite plus adjective to describe your job. Perfect. Great. Our last expression, which is the most basic expression that you can use is just simply using the verb to be. My job is plus the adjective. My job is stimulating. My job is repetitive. Can you please give me an example sentence using the construction. My job is plus adjective to describe your work. Perfect, fantastic. Now we're moving on to our key adjectives. This is just a list of the most common adjectives you can use to describe your work? Of course, there are many more. The first one we have is fun. I can say the work I do is really fun. After this, we have challenging. My work is rather challenging. Can you give me an example sentence describing your work, trying to use the adjective challenging. Okay. Great. Good job. Next one we have is engaging. My work is incredibly engaging or without having to put my work, you can say, it is incredibly engaging. Following this, we have the adjective My work is very rewarding. When we describe something as being rewarding, it means that it gives us a lot in return. By doing your work, by doing your tasks, you feel very satisfied. It's almost like you get a present in reward and that present is often a feeling. Following this, we have the adjective collaborative. I love it because it is so collaborative. Now collaborative is an adjective that comes from the noun collaboration. When we use this adjective to describe our work, it means you have a job that allows you to collaborate a lot with other people, maybe because you're working in a team. Next, we have the adjective flexible, flexible. The best thing is that it is flexible. I love my job because it's so flexible, meaning that your job gives you a lot of room to move. Maybe you can decide your working hours. Maybe you can decide when to do particular tasks. You have a lot of autonomy in your job. Now, I would like you to choose one of these adjectives if they're appropriate to you. Using also one of the key expressions we've just learned and describe your job to me. Fantastic. Let's learn a few more expressions here. Another adjective we can use is the adjective supportive. I love how supportive my work is. Now, this can take on a few different meanings. But generally, when we're talking about a work that is being quite supportive, it's because you have a great environment. You have a great team. Maybe your company offers you really great benefits, training programs, lots of facilities. It's an environment that really helps you flourish. I love how supportive my work is. Another adjective is exciting. My job is rather exciting. Or you could describe your work as being fast paced, fast paced and say an example sentence like my work has a fast paced environment. Fast paced means it's very energetic. Everything that you need to do needs to be done quite quickly. It's quite full on, quite busy and everything is moving. It is the opposite to a boring job where you're just sitting down waiting to find out what you can do. Next, we have innovative. The best aspect is that it is quite an innovative job, meaning that it's very unique, needing a lot of creativity. You are able to think a lot, it is very stimulating and innovative job. Lastly, we have the adjective motivating. It is highly motivating work, meaning it is work that really inspires you that really excites you and that you're very happy to be doing. Before we finish off this section, why don't you give me another example sentence using one of these adjectives to describe your job. Fantastic work. 12. Introduction to Essential Vocabulary: In this section now, we are going to shift our focus from grammar to essential vocabulary, and we're going to learn some general vocabulary we're talking about work. So vocabulary associated to applying for a job and the application process, as well as some vocabulary associated with the logistics of the job in regards to your pay, how you get paid and some vocabulary we can use to have a conversation about that. In each of these following videos, we're going to go through the main vocabulary, understand how to pronounce it, how to use it and its meaning, and of course, go through some example sentences. Like all of my videos and my lessons, I'm also going to be asking you guys some questions in order to get you to practice using the vocabulary so you can build your confidence. Let's go ahead and begin. 13. Essential General Vocabulary (1): We're going to begin with some general vocabulary that we used when talking about work. I'm going to go through the word, I'm going to say the word, and then I'm going to get you to repeat the word back in order to practice your pronunciation. Then we're going to go through the meaning of the word. Give an example and then I'll be asking you to give me an example trying to use the new vocabulary. Let's begin with the first word we have. W W. Can you please repeat that for me. Fantastic. A worker very simply is anybody who works, who is employed. We can use it in sentences like I'm an office worker. I'm a retail worker. I'm a manufacturer worker, for example. Can you please give me an example sentence using the word worker. Fantastic. Now, the following two words that we're going to be having a look at are the most confused words. Even with my advanced English speakers, there's always the doubt whether they're using the right form of the word. The first one we have here is employ. Can you please repeat that for me? Fantastic. An employer is a person who employs people to work. It is the boss, the supervisor, the hiring manager. A good way to remember this is in English, when we add E R to a profession, normally, this means the person who is doing the actual task. Here employer, we have E R. We understand, this is the profession. This is the person who is hiring people, who is completing the action. Okay. So an example of this is, this is my employer, or I have an great employer. He's always really looking out for us. Can you please give me an example sentence using the word employer? Fantastic. Our next word is employee employee. Can you please repeat that for me? Fantastic. It's a little bit more of a tricky word to say, Employee is a person who has been hired to work, so it's the opposite of an employer. Employer is the boss that says, Hey, you've got the job, employee is the person who has been hired to do the job. As an example sentence, I can say me and my fellow employees request a pay rise. Me and my fellow employees request a pay rise. Can you try to give me an example sentence using the word employee. Okay. Great. Fantastic. Let's move on to the next one. Occupation Occupation. Can you please repeat that for me? Okay. Fantastic. The word occupation means a job or a profession. It is quite a formal way of referring to job or profession. Often you would hear people say, what's your job? What's your profession or more formally? What is your occupation? What is your job title? This is what it means. As an example sentence, as you can see here, we can say, what is your occupation or I can say my occupation is teaching, for example. Can you please give me an example sentence using the word occupation. Fantastic sentence. 14. Essential General Vocabulary (2): Now we're going to have a look at another three key words we use when we're talking about our general work vocabulary. Now, the first one is commute commute. Can you please repeat that word for me? Fantastic. Commute means to travel some distance from one's home to work. It's talking about the length of time that you take when you're traveling from home to work and generally refers to when your travel time is a little bit longer than usual. So for example, I can say, I commute to work every day. This means I travel to work every day and makes the person listening to the sentence understand that you don't work 5 minutes away from your house. You don't even work, maybe 10 minutes away from your house. There is enough of a distance for you to have to travel to work. So we're looking at maybe a distance of you know, half an hour to an hour, anything over that a significant amount of time. Another example I can say is my commute takes around 2 hours. My commute takes around 2 hours. What you could notice here is I've used the word commute in two different forms. I've used it firstly as a verb, I commute, meaning I travel, and then I've used it as a noun, my commute, meaning my travel to work. Okay. Can you please give me an example sentence using either the verb form or the noun form of the word commute. Fantastic. Great job. The next word we have here is payslip. Pay slip, I get asked this question all the time. Pay slip. Firstly, before I tell you why don't you try repeating that word payslip. Good. Fantastic. A pay slip is a note given to an employee, a worker. When they have been paid with detailed information about the amount they have been paid, the amount that's been deducted for their tax as well as benefits. I know there are many different ways to call this. A lot of the time my students asked me this question, but this is your pay slip. Anytime you need to provide evidence about the hours you've worked, your tax, et cetera, we refer to our pay slip. So as an example sentence, I can say, I get a payslip every month. Or I could say as a question, could you please show me your payslip? So can you please give me an example sentence using the word payslip? Fantastic. A last word here for our general vocabulary is colleagues or co workers. Now, I often get asked is there a difference between colleagues and co workers and there isn't? They both mean the same thing. However, co workers is a little more friendly and less formal, whereas colleagues is a bit more formal. Let's start off practicing pronouncing these words. Colleagues. Can you repeat that for me, please? Great. The second one, co workers co workers. Fantastic. Notice there is a pause between C and workers. We have a hyphen. We do take that time to pause and we say workers. Co workers. As I said before, these are simply the people that you work with. I can say, for example, I get along really well with my co workers, or I have a great time with my colleagues. I apologize. I inverted those sentences, but just to make you understand that we can use colleagues and co workers interchangeably. Can you please go ahead, give me an example sentence using the word colleagues. Perfect. Now an example sentence using the word co workers. Perfect, great stuff. 15. Essential Application Vocabulary (1): All right. So now we are moving on and having a look at application vocabulary, Vocabulary that we use when we're talking about a job application or wanting to apply for a job. The very first one we have is resume resume. Can you repeat that for me? Very good. It's not resume, even though that's what it appears to be, it's pronounced with a Z sound resume. A resume and the other one I have here, which is CV are two words that are very commonly confused and there is quite a significant difference. A resume is a one page summary of your work experience and background that is relevant just to the job you're applying for. So your resume is a very short document that doesn't entail all of your work experience, the experience that is relevant for the job you're applying for. In the example sentence, I can say, you have a great resume, or please provide your resume, or can you please e mail me your resume. Can you please give me an example sentence using the word resume. Fantastic. Now I'm going to jump application and we're going to go to CV because I want to do a little cross comparison here. A CV is another type of resume. However, it is a long academic diary that includes all of your work experience, background, and qualifications. It's very different to a resume. Now, for those of you who are watching this class and you're living in Australia. In Australia, we don't use CVs. It's not very common. We just opt for resumes. But for those of you who are in, in Europe, it's more common to have to use a CV. There is a difference. Resume is just in referral to your experiences that are relevant for your current job. A CV is everything you've done, all of your background experiences and qualifications. In an example sentence, I can say, please hand in your CV at the door, or I'm working on my CV because I'm applying for a new job. Please, can you give me an example sentence with the word CV. Fantastic. A next word is application application. Can you please repeat that for me? Fantastic. An application, very simple. It's a formal request to be considered for a job. For example, I can say, did you get my application, or I need to write up my application. I must send in my application by this afternoon. Can you please give me an example sentence using the word application. Fantastic great work. 16. Essential Application Vocabulary (2) : All right. It's the more vocabulary associated with the application process of a job. Here, the first one we have is application form application form. Can you please repeat that for me? Fantastic. An application form is a form, a document that you complete in order to apply for a job. When you're applying for a job online and before possibly you hand in your resume, there is a particular form or a PDF, they ask you to complete with some of your personal details, maybe with a little short paragraph about who you are and your experience. This is called an application form. So in an example sentence, I can simply say, please fill out the application form, or I'm almost done completing the application form. Can you please give me an example sentence using the expression application form. Fantastic. The next one we have is vacancy, vacancy. Can you please repeat that for me? Fantastic. Vacancy is an unoccupied position or job? We can commonly use this in a question and say, is there any vacancy I'd like to apply. Or you could say this particular position has a vacancy, or we have a few vacancies open in our company. Can you please give me an example sentence using the word vacancy. Fantastic. Our next expression here is in house training. In house training. Can you please repeat that for me? Great. In house training is training that is done from within a company or an organization. We often use this in the job interview process. You may hear the person interviewing you saying, we offer all candidates in house training. This means we offer all of our employees the possibility to train for their position within the company within the organization, meaning they do not need to leave and go anywhere else in order to get that training. Or we use it in our questions when you're having a job interview and we could say, Do you offer in house training? Meaning, does the company offer any training that I can do while I'm on the job. Can you please give me an example sentence using the expression in house training? Perfect. Great. Next one we have here is candidate. Can you repeat that for me? Very good. Despite what it looks like, we may want to say candidate. However, it's pronounced candidate. This is a person who applies for a job. For example, in a sentence, I can say, how many candidates are there for this position? Meaning, how many people have applied for this position? I can say you are our fifth candidate that we interview today. You are the fifth person applying for this job that we interview today. Okay. So can you please go ahead and give me an example sentence using the word candidate. Fantastic. Lastly, the word we have here is contract contract. Can you repeat that for me, please? Okay. Fantastic. We've already touched on this word a few times when we were looking at our part time full time and casual employment. A contract is a written or spoken agreement regarding employment. It can also be regarding other things, but obviously we're talking about work today, so it's regarding employment. As an example, I can say what type of contract are you offering. I prefer a full time contract. Can you please give me an example sentence using the word contract. Great example. Okay. 17. Unemployment Vocabulary (1): Moving on, now we are going to touch on unemployment vocabulary. Understanding some of the key words and expressions we can use when we want to talk about being unemployed or unemployment in general. I'm going to start off by having a look at two key expressions. The first one is period of notice. Period of notice. Can you please repeat that for me? Right. So period of notice, it is usually two weeks notice given to an employer prior to leaving a job. If you are wanting to leave your job, your employer may say, that's fine. However, you need to give in your period of notice. Or we require a period of notice, meaning we require you to give notice two weeks before you decide to leave your job. Here an example that I've written is, we require a period of notice before you quit. Can you please use this expression in a sentence, please. Okay. Fantastic. Our next expression is to be unemployed, to be out of work or to be on the dole? Now, I've grouped them together because they all mean the same thing. Let's go through them one by one, firstly to practice pronunciation. The first one is to be unemployed, to be unemployed. God practice pronouncing this for me to be out of work to be out of work. Can you repeat that for me? Okay. Fantastic. And lastly, to be on the dole to be on the dole. Can you repeat that for me? Fantastic. These three expressions mean to simply not be working. In some examples, I can say, at the moment, I'm unemployed, unfortunately, I'm out of work in this period, or I'm currently on the dole. Now, I want you to please take note that the last expression to be on the dole is informal. If you are speaking in a professional context in a job interview, In a situation where you want to take into consideration the impression you are leaving Neva. Use the expression I'm on the dole. It does not sound good at all and is incredibly informal to the point that you really undersell yourself. This is a situation where you're just talking to a friend and you're like, I'm so upset, I'm on the dole. I really need to get a job. To be unemployed, to be out of work acceptable expressions to use in a more professional context. So, can you please go ahead and give me an example sentence with either one of these three expressions. Great work. 18. Unemployment Vocabulary (2): Okay. All right. We have a little more unemployment vocabulary to get through before we can move on to something else. Here we're going to have a look at another five very common expressions that we use when talking about unemployment. The first one here, we've got two that mean the same thing to fire somebody or to somebody. Let's first practice our pronunciation and then we'll go through the meaning. To fire somebody to fire somebody. Can you repeat that back for me? Fantastic. And to sack somebody to sack somebody. Can you repeat that back? Awesome. You can see the note that I've made here. These are two informal expressions and they are used to mean to terminate an employment contract. When we are speaking in an informal way, we can alternate between to fire somebody or to sack somebody. However, we can also use it as something that we experience and use it as I got fired I got sacked. Let's have a look at some example sentences here. You can say she got fired yesterday. Or I have to fire someone today. I think they are going to sack me? Or I'm so sad I just got sacked. Notice how either we can use this as a verb that talks about the experience of somebody or as a verb that talks about doing the action of firing and sacking. Can you please give me an example sentence using the expression to fire somebody. Fantastic. Now, can you give me an example sentence using the expression to sack somebody Okay. Awesome. Let's move on to the next one. Here we have to give somebody notice or to dismiss somebody. Now, these are the formal expressions of to fire or to sack. Let's go through and practice them in our pronunciation. To give somebody notice to give somebody notice. Can you repeat that for me? Fantastic and to dismiss somebody to dismiss somebody. Can you repeat that back for me as well. Fantastic. Like I said, these are two formal expressions to mean to terminate an employment contract. Let's move on and have a look at some examples here. I've got she's been given notice. She's been given notice, or I can say I've been given notice, we can change the subject of course. The next one we can say is they have all been dismissed. They have all been dismissed. Now we can also use this as experiencing the action, and I can say, I've just been dismissed. I've just been given notice. The same rule applies as we spoke about with fire and Sa. Can you please give me an example sentence using the expression to give somebody notice. Fantastic. Now an example sentence using the expression to dismiss somebody. Okay. Great. Let's move on to the next one. Here we have to hand in one's notice or to resign to hand in one's notice and to resign. These are two expressions, which, in essence, mean to quit your job. Now they are two more formal expressions opposed to quit. If you say I quit and you're saying this to your employer or to your supervisor, it's a little bit aggressive and it's not a polite formal way to express what you want to do. You would use it more commonly with your friends and say, I'm over and I just quit my job today. However, if we are formally speaking in a professional context, we would say, for example, I'm going to hand in my notice tomorrow. I'm about ready to resign or informally, I've decided to quit. Let's go through and practice how we can pronounce these two expressions. To hand in one's notice to hand in one's notice. Can you repeat that for me? Fantastic. And next to resign to resign. Can you repeat that for me too? Fantastic. And lastly, to quit to quit. Can you repeat that back for me? Fantastic. Can you please give me an example sentence using the expression to hand in one's notice? Fantastic. Now an example sentence with the word resign. Perfect. And lastly, another example sentence with the word to quit. Awesome. Now, moving on our last two that we have here, unemployment employment? Can you repeat that back for me, please? Fantastic. Unemployment means the situation of a person actively looking for work but not being able to find it. They're currently not working. As an example, I can say unemployment since COVID has increased. Unemployment is a major issue in our society at the moment. Can you please give me an example sentence using the term unemployment? Fantastic. Lastly, here we have a few expressions, unemployment benefit and dole money. Unemployment benefit and dole money. Let's practice pronouncing these together. Unemployment benefit. Unemployment benefit. Can you repeat that for me? Okay. Great, and dole money, Dole money. Can you repeat that for me? Awesome These two expressions refer to money people receive from the government when they do not work. Now, unemployment, unemployment benefit is the more formal term we use? It is a lot more polite and socially acceptable. Do money is super informal. We're not wanting to use this expression on an everyday basis, just if you're speaking in a informal context with your friends or with your family. Okay. So let's have a look at some expressions here. We have at the moment, I'm living off unemployment benefits, or at the moment I live off the dole. Can you please go ahead and give me an example sentence using unemployment benefits. Great. Now an example sentence using dole money. Great work, everyone. 19. Payment Vocabulary: All right. So turning our attention to payment vocabulary vocabulary, we can use when we're talking about our pay. The first expression we have here is continued payment of wages. Continued payment of wages. Can you repeat that back for me? Okay. Great. Perfect. A continued payment of wages means that there is an agreement to be paid for a specific period even if somebody doesn't work. This can be due to sick leave, it can be due to maybe not being able to attend work due to some special reason, and you have a contract or a verbal agreement with your employer to receive a continued payment of wages, just to simply be paid even if you're not actually at work doing the work. Okay. So in an example sentence, I can say they received a continued payment of wages while they were unwell. Can you try to put to this expression in a sentence for me? Fantastic. The next one here we have is salary salary. So your salary is a fixed regular payment, typically paid on a monthly basis, but expressed as an annual sum. So when you're having a look at your pay and your understanding what you get paid across the whole year? This is your salary. If somebody says, what's your salary, you don't mention what you get paid per month. However, you get paid, you mention what you get paid over the whole year. Before I get you to give me an example sentence of this word, can you please repeat the word salary, just to practice your pronunciation. Salary. Fantastic. Can you please give me an example sentence using the word salary. Great work. Let's move on here to the next one. I'm going to skip through actually all the way to the last one here, which says We Can you repeat that for me, please? Fantastic. The reason why I wanted to mention wage straightaway is because wage and salary go hand in hand. Like I said, your salary is your annual income, whereas your wage is your weekly daily or monthly payment. What you're getting paid either on a weekly basis, a daily basis or a monthly basis. As an example sentence, I can say, I get a steady wage or I think my wage needs to increase. Okay. Before I get you to give me an example sentence. Why don't you practice pronouncing this word with me? We Wage. Can you repeat it back? Fantastic. Now, can you please give me an example sentence using the word wage. Fantastic. Okay. Let's go back to the top of the list now, and we've got the first one. To work over time. To work over time. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Fantastic. To work overtime simply means to work past your finishing time. If you're supposed to finish work at 5:00, but you end up working until 7:00, you are working 2 hours overtime. In an example sentence, you could say, do you get paid extra for overtime or God, I really hate working overtime because I don't get paid extra. Can you try to give me an example sentence using the expression to work overtime. Fantastic. The next one here we have is wage cut. Wage cut. Can you please repeat that back for me? Fantastic. A we cut is a reduction in your salary. If you were used to being paid a certain amount and then all of a sudden that amount has, you have received a, a decrease in the amount of money that you earn. Okay. As an example sentence, you can say, unfortunately, I got a wage cut. Or you can say, unfortunately, my wages got cut. We have two ways to express this. I got a wage cut or my wages got cut. I'm so upset because my wages got cut. I'm so nervous. I hope my wages don't get cut. Can you go ahead and give me an example sentence using the expression wage cut. Fantastic great work, everyone. 20. Key Idioms (1): Oh. Now it is time to learn some key idioms that you can use in the workplace. I went through a list of, I think, thousands of diums I really did take the time to find the most accurate and useful diums that we actually use in the workplace. Yes, I have included quite a few in this course, but do know. I just want to remind you starting off they really are dims that we use that are extremely common. So If you need to understand, which Idioms do we use in English, which don't we use in English when we're talking about work? These dims, you can understand, we actually do use them. Let's start to begin and go through some of these Idioms. As you can see here, the first one we have is ahead of the curve, ahead of the curve. Can you repeat that back to me, please? Fantastic. This DM ahead of the curve means to be ahead of current thinking and trends. I want you to imagine the situation where you're at work and you work for a software company. At the moment, all of your competitors are working on manufacturing a type of phone. However, somebody in your company had a super innovative idea and decided to do something that no one else is doing that is going to be extremely profitable. In this case, you can describe this person or the company as being ahead of the curve, how they are thinking and what they are doing is ahead of their competitors of the market, of what is currently going on. Having a look at some examples here, I can say, this idea is going to put us ahead of the curve, meaning this idea is going to put us ahead of our competitors, the market, local trends, for example. Can you try to give me an example sentence using the dim ahead of the curve. Okay. Fantastic. Great job. All right. Let's move on to the next one here. We have hit the nail on the head. Hit the nail on the head. Can you please repeat that back for me? Fantastic. This is actually quite a simple dim to hit the nail on the head. Despite its very long expression, it just simply means to find exactly the right answer. Imagine this situation, you are in a meeting and you and your colleague are trying to brainstorm a solution to a problem, and your colleagues say, what about this idea? If you think the idea they came up with is absolutely perfect like you found the solution, you can say, wow Emma, you really hit the nail on the head. That's perfect. Meaning, hey, Emma, you found the exact right answer. It's perfect, well done. My example here, you've you hit the nail on the head, Emma great work. Or you can say, in yesterday's meeting, he really hit the nail on the head. Now we've found the solution. Can you try to give me an example sentence using this idiom. Fantastic. The next expression I have is up to speed to speed. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Fantastic. I've been teaching this dim a lot recently actually because it's very common to hear this dim when you just get a job, you've just been given a position. What it means is to fully inform or to be up to date. The situation I'll give you which is a really real life situation is you just get a new job and maybe your supervisor sends you an e mail and they say, Hey, Guy, congratulations on getting the new job. I'm going to send you some information to get you up to speed with everything. I'm going to send you some information to get you up to speed with everything, meaning. I'm going to send you some information to make sure that you are fully informed and up to date regarding the position regarding the company. Another example I can say is, let's get you up to speed before we start. Let's get you up to speed before we start. Let's get you informed completely before we begin. A good way to try to maybe visually understand this dim is up to speed, meaning, for example, your colleagues are working at a certain speed. And in order for you to work at the same speed, you need to acquire all of the knowledge. Through acquiring this information and being updated, you increase your speed. Therefore, you are working at the same pace as everybody else. Just to help you try to visualize it a little bit better. Can you please give me an example sentence using the dim up to speed. Fantastic. The next one here we have is get the ball rolling. Get the ball rolling means to set an activity in motion to begin doing something. Can you please repeat this idiom for me? Get the ball rolling. Fantastic. Like I said, it means to start something. Can say, Hey, let's get the ball rolling with some brainstorming. Hey, let's start off whatever it is that we're doing through brainstorming. Or I can say, for example, it's time to get the ball rolling. The first thing we are going to do is organize a meeting. It's time to start the first action that we are going to take is, for example, to start a meeting. Can you give me an example sentence? With the DM, get the ball rolling. Fantastic. Very good. Last one here we have is it's not rocket science. It's not rocket science. Can you repeat that back for me? Fantastic. To say it's not rocket science, simply means to say that something is not very difficult. Imagine the situation where maybe one of your colleagues is sitting there on the computer and they're like, Oh, my God, I'm so stuck. This is so difficult. I don't know what to do. You can go over to their desk and say, Hey, what's going on? It's not rocket science, you're just sending an e mail. Meaning, what's? What you're doing isn't difficult. You're just sending an e mail. It's not rocket science because in reality, rocket science is considered extremely difficult. Okay. So another example here is, come on, we can do it. It's not rocket science. It's not so difficult. Why don't you try? Can you please give me an example sentence using this idiot? Fantastic. Very good. Great work, everyone. 21. Key Idioms (2): Continuing with our dims. The first one here on our list is for the long haul for the long haul. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Fantastic. For the long haul means to continue doing something until it is finished, even if it is difficult. It's when you make the choice to do something until the action has been completed and generally, this thing that you are doing is very difficult. So normally we use it or for the long haul or in the long haul. I'll give you some example sentences here. I can say, we are going to be in this for the long haul. We're going to be in this for the long haul, meaning we are going to be in this situation for a very long time, and even though it is a long time and it's going to be difficult, we need to finish the task. Another way I can say it is in the long haul, we should be able to get it all done. In the long haul, we should be able to get it all done, meaning in the time from now to when the action is done, a lot of time is going to pass. It's going to be really difficult, but we are going to achieve what we want and get the action done. In the long haul for the long haul means to continue doing something until it's finished, even if that action is very difficult. Can you try to give me an example sentence using the DM for the long haul. I Fantastic. Next one we have here is change of pace. Change of pace. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Fantastic. Change of pace as you might guess because pace is movement and speed means a change from what one is used to. A change of pace means to change something that you are used to doing. It means to take a new direction to take a new angle. For example, here, we have decided to take a change of pace and go with option B. We have decided to take a change of pace and go with option B. We have decided to change direction to do something that we've never done before and go with option B. Normally, we would go with option A, but in this case, we are taking a change of pace and we're going to go with option B. Now I want you to pay particular attention to the verb I'm using. We say to take a change of pace, not to make a change of pace, not to have a change of pace, to take a change of pace. Can you please give me an example sentence? Using this dim please. Fantastic. The next one we have here is out on a limb. Notice the B is silent. Out on a limb. Can you please repeat that back for me? Fantastic. Now, on a means to have an opinion that is different from others. It gives us the feeling. We normally use it in situations where There is a group of people who are talking, an office meeting and they all have a particular opinion, and then you say, Oh, I'm going to go out on a m and say, I don't agree with you guys. I don't think that's correct. It's when you put yourself in opposition to the majority, where you say, You know what? Even though you guys think this, I don't think this. I am going to risk saying something that's a little bit different. I'm going to risk being potentially judged or criticized for my different opinion. Now, when we're using out on a limb, we use a verb structure, which is to go out on a limb to go out on a limb and we're using our verb go. As you can see here in my example, I'm going to go out on a limb and say, I think you're right. I'm going to go out on a limb and say, I think you are right. Okay. Another example I can say is I don't tend to like to go out on a limb because I don't want other people to judge me. Or I always go out on a limb because it's important to express my opinion. Can you please give me an example sentence using the Idiom to go out on a limb. Fantastic. The next mine we have is to jump the gun, jump the gun. Can you repeat that back for me? Okay. Fantastic. To jump the gun simply means to act before the proper or appropriate time. Imagine that your product is supposed to go live at 5:00. But you jump the gun and your product goes live at 12:00, it isn't the appropriate time. It's not when it was supposed to happen. As a subsequent, maybe you're a little bit underprepared and you have jumped the gun. To jump the gun is not normally seen as something positive because it does imply that through taking action prior to when you were supposed to you are under prepared. You often heard it in the negative form saying, for example, like my example, let's not jump the gun and make a mistake. Let's not act before we have all of the information, before it's the right time and therefore make a mistake. Or we can say, calm down. You don't want to jump the gun because that's going to put us in a difficult position. Can you try to give me an example sentence using the dim, jump the gun. Fantastic. Great work, everyone. 22. Key Idioms (3): Okay. All right. Our next round of dims, here we have them. The first one we have here is cut to the chase. Cut to the chase. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Fantastic. To cut to the chase means to get straight to the point to stop talking in circles and just say exactly what it is that you need to say. We normally use this in conversation when we're literally in a conversation and somebody and talking and you say, look, cut to the chase, what is it that you want. Normally we're using this expression to interrupt somebody. Somebody is trying to express an opinion or maybe to ask for something or to say something that's a little delicate or difficult to say, and you want to tell them, hey, stop talking. Just tell me exactly what you need. Cut to the Case, what is it that you want? Cut to the chase. Tell me what it is that you need. Can you please give me an example sentence using the dim cut to the chase. Okay. Fantastic. Great work. The next one here we have is Rock the boat. Rock the boat. Can you repeat that for me, please? Fantastic. To rock the boat means to stay or do something that disturbs an existing situation. Maybe it can make people feel a bit upset. Maybe it can cause some tension. Normally, we're using this in a situation where imagine you have a team of people and everything is going quite well. Everybody is working very well, you're collaborating. There's a really good vibe. And you have a piece of information that could disturb this and you say, or I don't know if I should tell them. I don't want to rock the boat. I don't want to disturb this situation. I don't want to create a negative situation here. So for example here, I've got, I don't want to rock the boat, but I think you're completely wrong. Here, we use it to say when we are actually about to say something bad. We want to almost apologize beforehand and say, I don't want to make things worse. I don't want to create an uncomfortable situation, but I have to tell you I think you're wrong. Here we say, I don't want to rock the boat, but I think you're completely wrong. Can you try to give me an example sentence using this diom Fantastic. The next one here we have is get your foot in the door. Get your foot in the door, and we can actually change. We can say, get my foot in the door, get our foot in the door, depending on who we're talking to. For the case of this example though get your foot in the door. Can you try to repeat this do for me? Get your foot in the door. Great. This dio means to enter a business or organization at a low level, but with a chance of being more successful in the future. Imagine you're in the situation where you want to change jobs, change companies, change career. At the moment in your current job, you have quite a satisfactory position, you're pretty happy with it, but you want to do a whole career change. You can say, I don't care what job I get. I just want to get my foot in the door and then I can work my way up. This means I don't care what job I get. I just want to enter into the new market, even if it's at the lowest position and then I'll slowly slowly work my way up. I just need to enter a little bit and then work my way up. Here is an example I have. We just have to get our foot in the door. Or don't worry. First get your foot in the door and then work out how you're going to do everything else. First, get into that situation, even if it's just your foot, and then by being there, slowly, slowly, you can work on it. Can you give me an example sentence, please? Using the dim, get your foot in the door. Fantastic. Our last dim that we have here, but not last on our list, but for this slide, we have your work cut out. Have your work cut out. This means to have something very difficult to do. Let's try repeating this back for me. Have your work cut out. Please repeat that. Very good. This means, as I said, to have something really difficult to do really challenging because it's maybe going to take a really long time, it's out of your area of expertise, you're going to have your work cut out. In an example sentence, I can say, I'm going to have my work cut out for me in this new position. You have two ways. You can say, I'm going to have my work cut out in this new position, or I'm going to have my work cut out for me in this new position. You can add the preposition four and the object or you can leave it as is. He is really going to have his work cut out because I have no idea even how to help him. He is really going to have his work cut out because I have no idea how to help him. He's going to have something so difficult to do because I don't know how to help him. Can you please give me an example sentence. Using the EDM, have your work cut out. Very good. Fantastic. Okay. 23. Key Idioms (4): All right, a few more idioms for us here. The first one I've got written down is the bottom line. The bottom line. Can you please repeat that for me? Fantastic. The bottom line means the fundamental and most important factors calling the shots. We are commonly using this dum, for example, if you're giving a presentation or you're giving a meeting and you've given the people listening to you, a lot of information, and you want to give a little bit of a summary and a conclusion at the end of your speech and you say, all right, guys. The bottom line is we need to upgrade our computers. This means that, everything I've said is really important, but the main information, the fundamental information that I really want you to understand is We need to change our computers. The bottom line is we need to change our computers. Another example here is the bottom line is we need a new team, the most fundamental and most important information, and factors is that, for example, here, we need a new team. Can you please give me an example sentence using the dim the bottom line. Fantastic. Good job. The next one here we have is fine print. Fine print. Can you please repeat that back for me? Fantastic. Fine print. This refers to the terms and conditions of a contract or agreement, and it is both literal and metaphoric. We can say, when reading through a contract, always read the fine print. Meaning literally, when you read through the contract, go through and read the very small details, the text that is very small. However, we can also use it in a metaphoric meaning, meaning always read the fine print. This means that in whatever situation you are always go through the fine details. Don't just say yes when somebody has explained something to you, go through. Do your research. Understand the fine print. Understand the nitty gritties of the situation, the fine details of the situation, the hidden details of the situation before you agree to anything. Can you please give me an example sentence using the expression fine print. Fantastic. Great job. Let's move on to the next one here. We have crunch the numbers. Crunch the numbers. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Great. To crunch the numbers means to process, analyze, and calculate numbers. If you have a profession, where you are having to use numbers. Maybe you work in finance, banking, you're an accountant. You can use the expression, crunch the numbers, meaning it's time to process, analyze, or calculate numbers. However, we can also use it on a daily basis that work if you simply have to make a calculation. If your boss says, how much can we spend on this particular project and you can say 1 second, let me crunch the numbers. Let me get out my calculator and work at how much we can spend. Here as my example sentence, I have Time to crunch the numbers and see what our losses are. Can you please go ahead and give me an example sentence using the expression crunch the numbers. Fantastic. Let's move on to this one here. We have Learning Curve. Learning Curve. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Fantastic. Learning curve is the rate of a person's progress in gaining experiences or new skills. Practical example and situation is, you just get a new job. And you need to learn how to use the software and your boss says, Okay, you're going to undertake some training. You've got about a one month learning curve. What does that mean? It means that it's going to take you about one month in order to learn how to use the new software. Learning Curve, you can think of it as the period of time in which it takes you to learn something new at work. An example sentence here. We have a one month learning curve ahead of us, meaning, we've got one month where we're going to need to be learning and understanding and acquiring skills in order to do something, and it's going to take us about one month. Can you please give me an example sentence using the IDM learning curve. Fantastic. Great work, everyone. 24. Key Idioms (5): Oh, here we are. We're onto our last part of key DMs. Let's jump straight in. The first one we have is have a lot on one's plate. Have a lot on one's plate. Can you please go ahead and repeat that dim for me? Fantastic. To have a lot on one's plate means to have many things to do. Now, one we can replace, I can say I have a lot on my plate. She has a lot on her plate. They have a lot on their plate. We change depending on our subject. This just means that you've just got so many things to do. You're super busy and it can tend to mean a little on the negative side because of this, you're feeling a little stressed. Let's have a look at this example sentence I have here. I have a lot of my plate at the moment with two pressing deadlines. I have a lot of my plate at the moment with two pressing deadlines. I'm super busy at the moment. I've got two pressing deadlines with the intention that you want to say, don't give me anything else to do. No, I can't help you don't bug me. I have a lot on my plate. Can you please go ahead and give me an example sentence using this dim. Fantastic. The next one we have here is in the red in the red. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Great. In the red simply means to be in debt. Normally, you wouldn't be using this so much talking about yourself, but you could say, the company is in red. Oh, I just heard that we are in red, we're failing, talking about the business. For example, my sentence here. Unfortunately, we're in the red and not sure how we can manage. Can you please give me an example sentence using the dim in the red. Okay. Great. Next one we have here is Long Shot. Long Shot. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Great. Long shot is when we use to describe a risky idea or a plan. Something that you're brainstorming, you're trying to understand a solution. Then you say, I know it's a long shot, but why don't we re brand? I know it's a long shot, but why don't we get rid of our website. It's when you present a plan or idea that you know it is quite risky, but you're going to say it anyway because you're brainstorming. So here my example sentence is, I know it's a long shot, but maybe it could work. I know it's risky. I know it's not what we would normally do, but hey, maybe it could work. Can you please give me an example sentence using the dim long shot. Fantastic. Next one we have here is by the book or by the books with the S. By the book. Can you repeat that for me? Great. To do something by the book means to do business in a legally correct way. It's to follow the rules. For example, here, things must be done by the book. We can't take any risks, meaning things must be done in a correct and legal way we can't take any risks, or in a negative form, you can say God, they really don't do things by the book, I don't trust them. Oh God, they really don't do things by the book and I don't trust them. They don't do things in a legally correct way and I do not trust them. Okay. Can you please give me an example sentence using the dium by the book. Great. Now off to our last dium we have Ball Park fig Ball Park figure. Can you repeat that for me, please? Fantastic. A ballpark figure is a rough numerical estimation or approximation of the value of something that is otherwise unknown. Again, if you're at work, if you're having a meeting, if you're talking to a colleague and you guys are trying to understand the price of something, you can say, a ballpark figure is about $100. A ballpark figure is about $100. It means that, it's not actually $100, could be a bit more, could be a little less, but it's just my guess. I am estimating. Okay. So an example sentence I have here is, it's just a ballpark figure for now, we'll know the exact number in a few months. It's just a ballpark figure for now, but we'll know the exact number in a few months meaning. Now, this is just an estimated amount of money. We're not 100% sure, but in a few months we will be. Can you please give me an example sentence using the dim ballpark figure. Fantastic, great example, and we've finished our idioms. Now let's move on and have a look at our key phrasal verbs. 25. Key Phrasal Verbs (1): All right. Moving on to some more phrasal verbs. The first one we have here is keep up with. Keep up with. Can you repeat that phrasal verb for me? Great. To keep up with simply means to move or progress at the same rate as someone or something else. For example, if you are working in a team and maybe people are performing a little bit better than you because you're struggling with a new software. You can say, wow, I need to keep up with my teammates. What does this mean? It means that I need to progress, I need to work at the same rate as the rest of the members in my team. Maybe they are working a little bit faster than I am. I need to keep up with them. We can also use that when we're not talking about a person, but we're talking about something like here in my example where I've said, we need to keep up with our competition. You are a company and you have another company which is your competition and they may have released a new product. That put them ahead of the game, that put them a little bit more ahead of you in the market, and you say, We need to keep up with our competition. We need to progress at the same speed as they do so that we don't get left behind. Can you please go ahead and give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb keep up with. Fantastic. The next one we have here on our list is point point out. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Fantastic. To point out means to say something to make someone aware of something, maybe to make them aware of a, a situation, a circumstance. I can say, in this meeting, I'm going to point out the reason why we should take action, meaning in this meeting, I am going to make you aware, make you see highlight, for example, the reasons why we should take actions. I can say, in my lessons, I point out your mistakes. I identify your mistakes, I make you see your mistakes. To point out means to highlight something or maybe something that somebody has done, a situation, a circumstance in order to make somebody aware of this information. Can you please give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb point out? Fantastic. Let's move on to the next one. We have look after. Look after. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Fantastic. To look after simply means to be responsible for something. I know that we've generally understood look after look after a person, take care of a person. In the work context, we use it to mean to be responsible for something and I did speak about it earlier in the class. I can say I look after the accounts. I look after my team, I look after the marketing campaign. Can you please give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb after. Okay. Fantastic. The next one we have here is take take on. Can you repeat that for me, please? To take on means to have some work that you are responsible for to engage an employee or a responsibility. If I have decided to begin a new project, I can say, I am on a new project, I am deciding to take responsibility for a new project. I on the other hand, we're using it to talk about engaging an employee, we can simply say, I have taken on two new staff members. This is very similar to using the verb hire. I've taken on two new staff members. I have hired two new staff members. So here as my examples, I have she took me on as her consultant. She hired me as her consultant, or I took on too much this month. I decided to agree to too much responsibility, too much work this month. Can you please give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb take on. Fantastic. Our last phrase verb here we have is lay off. Lay off. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Fantastic. To layoff is just to terminate an employee's work contract? It is to fire someone in informal English. I can say I'm sorry, but we're going to have to lay you off. I'm sorry, we're going to have to fire you. Or I can say I got laid off today. I lost my job today. I got fired today. Layoff simply means to fire somebody or to be fired. Can you give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb layoff. Okay. Great work. Very good, everyone. 26. Key Phrasal Verbs (2): All right. Moving on to some more phrasal verbs. The first one we have here is keep up with. Keep up with. Can you repeat that phrasal verb for me? Great. To keep up with simply means to move or progress at the same rate as someone or something else. For example, if you are working in a team and maybe people are performing a little bit better than you because you're struggling with a new software. You can say, wow, I need to keep up with my teammates. What does this mean? It means that I need to progress, I need to work at the same rate as the rest of the members in my team. Maybe they are working a little bit faster than I am. I need to keep up with them. We can also use that when we're not talking about a person, but we're talking about something like here in my example where I've said, we need to keep up with our competition. You are a company and you have another company which is your competition and they may have released a new product. That put them ahead of the game, that put them a little bit more ahead of you in the market, and you say, We need to keep up with our competition. We need to progress at the same speed as they do so that we don't get left behind. Can you please go ahead and give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb keep up with. Fantastic. The next one we have here on our list is point point out. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Fantastic. To point out means to say something to make someone aware of something, maybe to make them aware of a, a situation, a circumstance. I can say, in this meeting, I'm going to point out the reason why we should take action, meaning in this meeting, I am going to make you aware, make you see highlight, for example, the reasons why we should take actions. I can say, in my lessons, I point out your mistakes. I identify your mistakes, I make you see your mistakes. To point out means to highlight something or maybe something that somebody has done, a situation, a circumstance in order to make somebody aware of this information. Can you please give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb point out? Fantastic. Let's move on to the next one. We have look after. Look after. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Fantastic. To look after simply means to be responsible for something. I know that we've generally understood look after look after a person, take care of a person. In the work context, we use it to mean to be responsible for something and I did speak about it earlier in the class. I can say I look after the accounts. I look after my team, I look after the marketing campaign. Can you please give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb after. Okay. Fantastic. The next one we have here is take take on. Can you repeat that for me, please? To take on means to have some work that you are responsible for to engage an employee or a responsibility. If I have decided to begin a new project, I can say, I am on a new project, I am deciding to take responsibility for a new project. I on the other hand, we're using it to talk about engaging an employee, we can simply say, I have taken on two new staff members. This is very similar to using the verb hire. I've taken on two new staff members. I have hired two new staff members. So here as my examples, I have she took me on as her consultant. She hired me as her consultant, or I took on too much this month. I decided to agree to too much responsibility, too much work this month. Can you please give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb take on. Fantastic. Our last phrase verb here we have is lay off. Lay off. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Fantastic. To layoff is just to terminate an employee's work contract? It is to fire someone in informal English. I can say I'm sorry, but we're going to have to lay you off. I'm sorry, we're going to have to fire you. Or I can say I got laid off today. I lost my job today. I got fired today. Layoff simply means to fire somebody or to be fired. Can you give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb layoff. Okay. Great work. Very good, everyone. 27. Key Phrasal Verbs (3): All right. So onto our last list of key phrasal verbs. The first one we have is take over. Take over. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Great. To take over means to assume control of something. We can use this in two different ways. We can use it for example, if you as an employer have to take control over a particular task. For example, you can say, I'm taking over accounts, meaning I am going to assume the control of accounts, I'm taking over the meeting, I am going to assume control and responsibility of the meeting. However, we can also use it when we're talking on a more of a corporate level and we can say, for example, the company has been taken over. This means that another company has come in bought the existing company and assumed control over it. Either we use it on a personal level or we can use it on a more corporate level. Can you please give me an example sentence. Using the phrasal verb take over. Okay. Fantastic. My next one I have here is hand in hand in. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Great. To hand in means to give a piece of work or a document to someone who asked for it. We do tend to use this phrase of verb quite a bit when we're talking about university or school saying, I handed in my homework, I handed in my assignment to my professor. However, we can also use it in the work context. For example, here, I've got I handed in my resignation. Now your resignation is a document that is stating the fact that you want to leave your job. Because you need to give this document to another person? We say I handed in my resignation to my boss to my supervisor, for example. I can also say, for example, can you hand in the report at the end of the day? Can you hand in the report at the end of the day? Can you give me the report at the end of the day. Can you please give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb hand in. Fantastic. The next one we have here is burn out. Burn out. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Okay. Fantastic. To burn out simply means to become very stressed because you're overworked. If for a period of time, you become very stressed, you have a lot to do, and then all of a sudden, you go crazy. You may feel extremely exhausted, you may lose your motivation. You may even fall sick. Here, we can use the expression burn out. Now we can use it as a warning as I have here. If you continue at this rate, you're going to burn out, meaning if you continue working the way you are, you are going to lose all of your energy and get sick. Or I can use it to describe something that's happened to me and I can say, I burnt out last year because I took on way too much. Meaning, I became very, very tight and unwell last year because I decided to have too much responsibility. I took on too much. I decided to work too much. Can you please give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb burn out. Okay. Great. Fantastic. The next one I have here is knock off. Knock off. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Okay. Okay. Great. The phrasal verb knockoff means to finish work for the day? This is a very informal phrasal verb? It's quite friendly. We use it when we're talking to our friends, to our colleagues. It just means when you're talking about the time you finish work. I can say as you see here, I usually knock off at around 5:00 P.M. Meaning I normally finish my work at around 5:00 P.M. I can say what time do you knock off today? What time do you finish working today. Can you give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb knock off. Yes. Great. Next up, we have the phrasal verb call off. Call off. Can you repeat that back for me, please. The phrasal verb call off simply means to cancel a plan or an arrangement. When we're looking at the work context, this is really commonly used when we're talking about, for example, meetings. I can say, sorry, but I have to call off the meeting. I can say, I was supposed to meet her at 5:00, but I'm pretty sure the meeting has been called off, meaning I'm sure the meeting has been canceled. Because I've been here for 5 minutes and she hasn't shown up. So to call off means to cancel a plan or an arrangement. Can you please give me an example sentence? Using the phrasal verb call off. Fantastic. And our last phrasal verb for our list is fall through fall through. Can you repeat that back for me, please? Great. The phrasal verb fall through, we used to describe when something fails when something does not work and doesn't go as planned. We can use it when we're talking about deals or partnerships, and I can say, unfortunately, the deal fell being the past unfortunately our plans to merge th Can you try to give me an example sentence using the phrasal verb fall through. Fantastic. Great work. I have come to the end of our phrasal verbs. I hope you enjoyed learning them and I hope you understood them very well. Now, we are going to move on to analyzing some conversations in English about work, where we're going to be utilizing all of these new grammar structures and vocabulary. 28. Conversation One: All right. So now we are going to have a look at a conversation regarding complaining about work to a friend. Now, all in all, we're going to be looking at four conversations where we are going to have a look at a dialogue, you're simply going to listen to me speak. In this dialogue, there is going to be the new phrasal verbs and Idioms that we've learned up until now. The goal of these next four videos is for you to start to hear the vocabulary and Idioms in practice, understand how we express them, and understand how we can use them in different situations. Again, all you need to be doing is listening at any time, you're not understanding one of the dos, one of the phrasal verbs, Go back to the previous slide so you can go over the meaning again. Let's go ahead and begin here. Hey, Emma, how's it going? Oh, not bad, but it could be better. Why? What's up? No, nothing. Just work is really getting at me. Why? What's happened. Well, you know, Amanda. Yeah. Well, she's really slacking off lately. I'm having to take on all her undone work. I get it like she has a lot on her plate at the moment with the new baby, et. But I'm starting to really burn out. I'm totally booked up and I have no time to organize my clients. I'm starting to miss the mark in my projects. I think I'm going to have to point this out to my supervisor to ease up my workload. As you can see here from this conversation, we've used some of our new phrasal verbs. We've got slacking off. Having to take on, for example. The next one we have is to have a lot on your plate. Burn out booked up, miss the mark and point out. These are some phrasal verbs that we were revising previously. However, we have some that we haven't done. For example, in the sentence, W is really getting at me. Getting at me. What does this mean? If something gets at you, it is affecting you. W is getting at me, it's really affecting me. My job is getting at me, it's really affecting me. The other one that we actually haven't gone through, it's booked up. Booked up, meaning to be totally full to have your schedule, your time table, your planner, totally full, but you have no free space. These are two actually new phrase of verbs that we didn't go through before. Okay. 29. Conversation two : Okay. All right. Moving on to our second conversation here, this is the conversation, a friend, talking to another friend about having got a promotion. Just like our first conversation, all you need to do is be listening. Try to see if you can hear out for the new phrase of verbs and idioms and understand them in the context. Let's begin. Okay. Emma, guess what? What? You'll never believe it. Tell me, well, you know how I was doing training to be able to work in the new department. My supervisor called me this afternoon and offered me a promotion. He said that I had really ramped up my performance over the past few months. I followed through with all my projects and that it was time to get my foot in the door and take on a new role. I'm so happy because in this new position, I don't have to report back to anyone and I get to take over the whole sales division. The only downside is that my hours have changed and I knock off quite a bit later than I'm used to. But I do get a pay rise, so it's not that bad. Okay. All right. How did you go? Were you able to hear all of the new phrasal verbs and dims in context? This conversation was jam packed with phrasal verbs that we did learn. However, there was one that could be new to you, which was the phrasal verb report back in the sentence. I'm so happy in this new position because I don't have to report back to anyone. Report back meaning answer to anybody. Generally, if you are working under somebody, there is you and you have a supervisor, whatever tasks you do, whatever things you want to do, you need to go and get the permission of your supervisor. Or you may need to bring the work that you've done, bring it back to your supervisor so he can revise it. This is where we're talking about reporting back. I don't have to report back to anyone, meaning, I've got nobody on top of me. I don't need to be double checking if my work is okay or answering to anybody. I am completely autonomous. Okay. 30. Conversation three: All right. Moving on to our conversation three here, we're talking about wanting to change jobs. We're going to begin, remember hearing out for phrasal verbs, for dims, and remembering what they mean. Emma, can I talk to you about something? Yeah, sure. What's up? I'm having some issues at work. Nothing major, but I think I want to put in my notice. I've been working there for almost five years now and yeah, the salary is great. I get continued wages if I'm sick and I can work flexi time. But it's just not challenging enough for me. I really want a job where I can take on more responsibility in the long haul, it's just not worth staying to be honest. I'm probably going out on a limb here and we'll end up on the dole, but I really don't think I can continue. If I could just get my foot in the door, say in the marketing field or advertising, even if I start off in a junior position, I know I'll be so much happier compared to what I'm doing now. So how did you go? Did you hear all of the new phrasal verbs? Did you hear all of the new dims? Are you starting to get an idea of how we use them in context and how naturally we're using dims and phrasal verbs when we are conversing in English? 31. Conversation four: All right. Moving on to conversation four, which is actually our last conversation. You last video for this class. We're almost there. Here in this conversation, we are talking about the type of work you do. Let's go ahead and begin. What do you do for work? Oh, I'm a teacher. A great. What's it like? Look, in my opinion, education is a great field to work in, especially being a teacher. Firstly, I only work part time, which is great because I can find a balance between my work, my life, and my family. It's also a really positive and uplifting environment. I always have the chance to reach out to new people. My students really keep me on my toes. But I like it because no day is the same. The pay is pretty good. I mean, I get continued wages, get paid overtime, and can work flexy time. It's pretty comfortable. Here, we were using some more adjectives because obviously, when we are needing to describe our work, as we learned, we have some adjectives that we can use. Here we use the adjective uplifting and positive. Uplifting means something that makes you feel really good. Maybe if you're not having such a great day, you do this particular action and it makes you feel a lot better. We also were using a new DM that we haven't mentioned in this class, which was keep me on my toes presented in the sentence. My students really keep me on my toes. Have you guys heard of this dm before? Do you have any idea what it can mean? To keep someone on their toes just keeps them aware. It's to say that, hey, you can't really lose your concentration or you can't really fall asleep because you're in an environment or with a person that is going to wake you up. In this context of teaching, it means that my students are always asking questions, they're always wanting to know new information. I'm needing to always be mentally active and mentally prepared and aware of the situation. I can't get lazy and slack off because my students will be there saying, hey, hey, hey, I need help. To keep me on my toes. Okay. 32. Conclusion: Congratulations, everyone. You have successfully made it to the end of this class. I hope you enjoyed it, and I hope that you're feeling a lot more confident and prepared in regards to having conversations about work, and about your job in English. Just a quick reminder before you finish off everything, make sure you do go ahead and complete the exercises that come at the very end of the class. They're really going to help you just rememorize the phrasal verbs and Idioms and understand them a little bit better in context. Thank you so much, everybody, for being here. It was a pleasure teaching you and enjoy learning English, see you next time. Bye bye. Okay