Business English For Managers and Sellers (2024).

1. Introduction to the Business English Course: Dear colleagues, welcome to the Business English course. Business and Professional Development in today's world often requires us to speak English. Business English skills are important for work and success in business and communication with international partners. In this course, I, the author of dozens of English language courses, Phd in Linguistics, and Associate professor marked here, offer you the opportunity to master the tools and knowledge that will be useful to you in the world of business and professional growth. In this course, you will become familiar with key business terminology that will help you understand and discuss such professional topics as management and leadership, marketing and sales and networking. I will help you prepare for an interview in English and reveal the secrets of successful interviews. I will let you know how to properly structure and write business letters to achieve the desired effect. You will learn to behave professionally in an office environment, resolve conflicts, and establish successful relationships with your coworkers. Good luck with the Business English course. 2. Lesson 1. Job interview vocabulary on management and leadership.: Hello guys. Let's take some really important words which might be useful for you in management and leadership, marketing and sales networking, and even in job interviews or resumes. The first word you might need is to direct, direct the meaning of it. Is to control or be in charge of an activity organization, et cetera. For example, at her previous job, she directed a staff of 25 employees. At her previous job, she died a staff of 25 employees. Direct is a transitive web. It means that after direct, we have to use a direct object. It's a staff of 25 employees. You may direct a staff, people, personnel, activity, company or organization. One more word is accomplish, Accomplish is finish something successfully or to achieve something. For example, Nick accomplished his goal of becoming the number one seller on our team. Nick accomplished his goal of becoming the number one seller on our team. We usually accomplish goals, and after goals, we use the proposition O plus a gert form. It means a plus ING. In this case, it's his goal plus proposition O plus becoming a gert Accomplish takes a direct object, his goal. The next word is guide. Guide is the verb. It means to show someone how to do something difficult. For example, Sandra guided her company through a challenging time. She assisted in making decisions that made the business more successful. Sandra guided her company through a challenging time. Sec, we used the formula. Guided somebody through something, in this case, guided her company through a challenging time. Her company is a direct object through is a proposition. A challenging time is a direct object to. In the other sentence, she assisted in making decisions that made the business more successful. We are facing the verb assisted after which we have to use the proposition in and plus eran. Eran is a verb plus ING. In our case, it is. Making decisions is a colocation. Decisions is used with make. A colocation is a common combination of words. One more word is handle. Handle is a verb which means to deal with, have responsibility for, or be in charge all. For example, our manager handles procurement for the office. Our manager handles procurement for the office. As you see, handles doesn't take any prepositions, it takes just a direct object. In this case, it's a procurement for the office is an adverbial Modifier. For what? For the office. The last word for this video is establish. Established is a verb. And it means to start a company or organization that will continue for a long time. For example, a wealthy entrepreneur established the company. A wealthy entrepreneur established the company. Establish also takes the direct object, and it doesn't take any prepositions. In this case, the direct object is the company. A wealthy entrepreneur is a subject. Established is a predicate, that is a verb, and the company is a direct object. Hi guys. Let's continue learning and using some useful words for management and leadership, marketing and sales networking, job interviews and resumes. And another word which you might need is to attain. Attain is a verb, and it means to reach or succeed in getting something, or to achieve something difficult to do or obtain, for example. Rob attained his degree at an online university. Attained is a transitive verb, after which we have to use a direct object. In our case, the direct object is his degree attained. His degree at an online university is an adverbial modifier which answers such a question as were at an online university and used with the proposition at One more word is evaluate. Evaluate is a verb which means to judge or calculate the quality, importance, amount, or value of something. For example, the expert evaluated their financial system and gave them some advice on how they could enhance it. The expert evaluated their financial system and gave them some advice on how they could enhance it. Evaluate it is also a transitive verb, after which we have to use the direct object. In this sentence, the direct object is the financial system. It is important to know that advice is an unaccountable noun, after which we have to use the proposition on some advice on how they could enhance it. And enhance is a high level word which means improve. The next word which we are going to learn in this video is collaborate. Collaborate is a verb which means to work with someone else for a special purpose. For example, her team of colleagues collaborated on the project, and they saw remarkable results. Her team of colleagues collaborated on the project and they saw remarkable results. We used the word collaborate with the proposition one, after which we have to use the direct object. In our case, collaborated on the project. It's worth mentioning that colleagues is a formal version of co workers. One more word which we are going to take in this video is facilitate, facilitate a verb, which means to help people deal with a process or reach an agreement or solution without getting directly involved in the process, discussion, et cetera yourself. For example, he facilitated a wonderful meeting. Everyone shared their ideas and understood how to proceed. He facilitated a wonderful meeting. Everyone shared their ideas and understood how to proceed. Facilitate is a transitive verb which takes a direct object and doesn't require any prepositions. In our case, we have a direct object. Wonderful meeting. It's important to know that proceed is a high level word, which means to take action afterward. The final word which we are going to take in this video is develop. Develop is also a verb, which means to invent something or bring something into existence. For example, his company developed a computer software that is very helpful for us. Now, his company developed a computer software that is very helpful for us. Now, develop is also a transitive verb which requires a direct object. In this sentence, the direct object is a computer software in business, develop is also used in the construction field. To develop in construction means to build houses, factories, et cetera, on a piece of land. Hi guys. Let's continue learning and using some essential words for management and leadership, Marketing, sales, networking, job interviews and resumes. Another word that you might need is edit. Edit is a B, which means to make changes to a text, film, et cetera, correcting mistakes or removing some parts. For example, my coworkers and I added each other's work for length correctness or clarity. My coworkers and I added each other's work for length, correctness or clarity. Added is a transitive verb which requires a direct object in our sentence. The direct object is each other's work. As you see, each other's is a possessive case which takes an apostrophe plus S for length. Correctness or clarity is an adverbial modifier. Which is used through the proposition of purpose. Four plus nouns. In our case, they are length, correctness, and clarity. One more word that might be useful for you is assist. Assist is also a verb which means to help, or support, or to make it easier to do something. For example, I offered to assist my coworkers with orders. I offered to assist my coworkers with orders. After offer, we use the infinity with the particle two. In our case, it's to assist the formula. With assist is to assist somebody with something or in doing something in our sentences. To assist my co workers with orders. That is, assist whom my coworkers With what? With orders, my co workers and others are direct objects. The next verb is to consult with. Consult is to discuss something with someone before you make a decision. For example, have to consult with an expert on business strategies. I have to consult with an expert on business strategies. The noun, an expert, takes the proposition on an expert on what on business strategies. The verb to consult in this context takes the proposition after the proposition with we have to use a direct object, somebody in our sentence. The direct object is an expert. To consult also means to get information or advice from a person with special knowledge on a particular subject. In this meaning, after consult, we do not use any prepositions. For example, if you need some more details about the investments, you should consult your tax advisors. If you need some more details about the investments, you should consult your tax advisors. As you see, after consult, we have to use a direct object. In this case, it's your tax advisors. The next word is identify. Identify is a verb which means to recognize a problem, need fact, et cetera, and show that it exists. For example, the programmer is going to identify the problem with the software. The programmer is going to identify the problem with the software. The formula to identify is to identify something with something. In our case, is to identify the problem which is a direct object with the proposition plus the other object, the software. The final verb in this lesson is to create. To create is a verb which means to make something new or invent something. For example, Becky created a design for the company's new logo. Becky created a design for the company's new logo. Create is a transitive verb which takes the direct object in our sentence. It is a design after a design, we use a Proposition four, that is a proposition of purpose. The design for, for the company's new logo. Hi guys. Let's continue learning and using some key words for management and leadership, marketing and sales networking, job interviews and resumes. Another word you might need is lead. Lead is a verb which means to give direction to someone's actions or the actions of a group. For example, as the head of the company, I promise to lead my team to success with clear goals and expectations. As the lead of the company, I promise to lead my team to success with clear goals and expectations. The formula of lead is to lead somebody to something. The verb to lead takes a direct object, my team, plus the proposition two, plus the object success after success. We also have the propositional phrase with plus clear goals and expectations. It's worth mentioning that after the verb promise, we have to use the infinity with the particle two. I promise to lead. One more word is initiate. Initiate is a verb which means to make something begin. For example, our company is now known all over the world, but it was his idea that initiated the business. Initiate is a transitive b, which takes the direct object. In this case the business is a direct object, initiated the business. Another word is coordinate. Coordinate is a b, which means to make many different things work effectively as a whole. For example, let's coordinate our schedules to arrange a day and time that works for everyone. Let's coordinate our schedules to arrange a day and time that works for everyone. Coordinate is a transitive web, which takes the direct object. In our case, it's our schedules coordinate. Our schedules. To coordinate also means to combine two or more ideas, plans, or schedules together to make a larger plan appear more organized. One more word is moderate. Moderate is a verb which means to lead a discussion or meeting for a group of people. For example, I intend to encourage everyone to participate. When I moderate our meeting, I intend to encourage everyone to participate. When I moderate our meeting, moderate is a trentitive verb which takes a direct object. The direct object is our meeting moderate, our meeting. Here we are facing one more formula. One more good word is encourage. Encourage somebody to do something. In this case, it's encourage everyone to participate. It's very important to know that after the verb intent, we should use the infinitive with the particle two in our sentence. It's, I intend to encourage. Let's talk about the verb encourage itself. Encourage is a verb which means to make someone more likely to do something or to make something more likely to happen or make someone feel positive. For example, the department head encouraged employee retention by creating a productive and welcoming work environment. The department head encouraged employee retention by creating a productive and welcoming work environment. The formula is to encourage somebody by doing something. As I already mentioned, Encouraged is a preventive B, which takes the direct object in our sentence. It's employee retention. Plus we are facing the preposition by after which we use a errant creating, it means b plus I and G creating a productive and welcoming work environment. Creating also requires a direct object. The final word in this lesson is manage. Manage is a verb which means to be responsible for controlling or organizing someone or something, especially a business or employees. For example, Bob managed a team of 30 employees and a large budget. Bob managed a team of 30 employees and a large budget manage is a transitive B which requires a direct object. The direct object here is a team of 30 employees and a large budget managed who managed a team of 30 employees and managed what managed a large budget? I hope guys, that this lesson was useful for 3. Lesson 2. Perfect answers to job interview questions.: Hello guys. Let's compare a pre intermediate and advanced level answer to a common job interview question. What do you do? First, let's consider a pre intermediate level answer. And after that, we are going to improve our low level answer to an advanced level, a pre intermediate level answer to the question, what do you do? I'm a software engineer. I develop software. I also write and implement software programming applications. Sometimes I do testing too. I like my job because it's interesting. That's why I'm happy to do this job. First of all, let me tell you that there are a lot of eyes at the beginning of each sentence. You see sometimes I do testing, I I am happy. Secondly, the present simple. In each sentence I develop, do I like I am the present simple, present simple, present simple. Thirdly, primitive, low lexus vocabulary. I can't even find any high level vocabulary here. Maybe implement, and that's it. Besides, software is over used, A software engineer develop software, software programming applications to avoid techology. Don't over use words. Also, I can't see any blinking words or connectives. No diversity of grammar tenses. Basically, it is an A two level of English. Let's have a look at an advanced level answer and see how we can improve its quality to feel much more confident. An advanced level answer to the question, what do you do? I have worked as a software engineer for over five years. I'm in charge of designing, developing, and installing software solutions. Furthermore, I design, modify, and implement software programming applications. From time to time, I take on the testing part of the job. Frankly, I like my job because it's demanding. Therefore, I'm thrilled to be with my company. As you see in the first sentence, I've used the present perfect. It's, I have worked. That is duration from the past until now. Also, I've used the marker for over five years. In the second sentence, I've advanced construction I'm in charge of, which means I'm responsible for, after this construction, I've used three gerts, that is a verb plus ING, designing, developing, and installing. As you see here, I don't overuse the word software. Also, I pay attention to such linking words and phrases as furthermore, from time to time, frankly. Therefore, also I've used such a phrasal verb as take on. I said from time to time, I take on the testing part of the job. In my answer, I've also applied some high level words such as install, implement, modify, demand, and thrilled in the meaning of very happy. In the next video, we'll answer one more common job interview question. What are your career objectives for now? Hi guys. In this video, let's compare a pre, intermediate, and advanced level answer to a common job interview question. What are your career objectives for now? As usual? First, let's consider a pre intermediate level answer and then we'll improve our low level answer to an advanced one, pre intermediate level. What are your career objectives for now? First, I would like to learn more about C plus plus. It's a general purpose programming language. I want to know its fundamentals and functions. Second, I'm going to learn English. I need it for my job and traveling abroad. Analyzing this pre intermediate level answer, I would like to say that first of all, learning C plus is a very narrow aim and it is not related to the company where I would like to work. I didn't attach my aim to the company. Secondly, I've mentioned that I'm just going to learn the English language. It means that I don't know the language. Thirdly, the purpose of traveling is not related to work. Let me show you the answer of an advanced level. I would be delighted to grow into a senior software engineer. The thing. I have been working really hard since I came to the company. All this time, my manager has been very supportive of me. I'd really like to live up to his expectations. Overall, it would be wonderful to gain more experience with the languages. I already know experience is a cornerstone in, AT. In the first sentence of this answer, I used the model that would. It's conditional too. In the second sentence, I used the linking phrase. The thing is the present perfect continuous construction. I have been working really hard since I came to the company. Is a marker due to which we have to use. The present perfect continues in the third sentence. We've all this time and all this time is a linking phrase. My manager has been very supportive of me. This is the present perfect. Supportive is the high level word in the next sentence. As you see, we to live up to his expectations to live is a phrasal verb. Overall, is a linking word which helps us to connect the sentences to gain more Experience is also a perfect collocation, a combination of phrases, which is really common for an advanced level. In the last sentence I've used, experience is a cornerstone in IT. A cornerstone is a high level word. In the next video, we'll answer one more common job interview question. What the most exciting project you have ever had? Hi guys. In this video, let's compare a pre, intermediate, and advanced level answer to a common job interview question. What's the most exciting project you have ever had as usual? First, let's consider a pre, intermediate level answer, and then we'll improve our low level answer to an advanced one. What's the most exciting project you have ever had? I think the most interesting project was one year ago. It was about school management. I built and deployed an application on Java, in Kubernetes, on GCP. It was interesting for me because I learned a lot about object oriented programming. Don't answer the question in the same way as in the question. I mean, the question was the most exciting project you've ever had. The answer, the most interesting project was the same construction. Try to come up with something else. In this answer, there are no linking words and no high level words. It's a very dry answer. And such low level words as, for example, interesting, are overused. Interesting project. It was interesting for me. Now let's have a look at the advanced level. If I count, I have worked on only two projects since my career started. Frankly, the time when I experienced enormal excitement was during my studies at the IT Academy. It was just eye opening. That was when I felt the synergy and the wives of true teamwork for the first time. I knew immediately that no task is insurmountable when you have the people you can rely on next to you. In this answer, there is a diversity of different grammar tenses. For example, in the first sentence, we could face the present perfect. I have worked at the market since since my career started. We also have such advanced constructions as the time when I experienced enormous excitement. It was just eye opening. I felt the synergy and the wipes and the task is insurmountable. Besides, we have such linking words and phrases as if I count frankly, I knew immediately that that was when some phrasal verbs grow into live up to rely on and high level words, enormous excitement, eye opening synergy, and fives, insurmountable. In the next video, we'll answer one more common job interview question. What has been the biggest challenge for you so far? Hi guys. In this video, let's compare a pre, intermediate, and advanced level answer to a common job interview question. What has been the biggest challenge for you so far? As usual? First, let's consider a pre intermediate level answer, and then we'll improve our low level answer to an advanced one. What has been the biggest challenge for you so far? Pre intermediate level? My mind the biggest challenge was when I came to this company, I had to learn a lot of things. The first task was troubleshooting on Linux. I was really nervous. It was a big challenge for me then because the task was hard. But I did it successfully. Now I think it was interesting too. As you see, the quality of words and expressions is pretty low. Have a couple of expressions which are more or less okay, but still they are of a low level of English, for example. To my mind, I was really nervous, hard, successful, and interesting. Let's enhance its quality. Let's have a look at the answer of an advanced level. I tend to think that the biggest challenge I have ever had was learning how to communicate with American customers. I realized then that my technical qualifications were as crucial as my soft skills. Furthermore, I had to brush up on small talk feedback and politeness in English. In hindsight, that was pretty overwhelming. Luckily, I got on top of things and feel confident about building relationships with clients. Now, as you see here, I used the variety of grammar tenses. For example, the present perfect I have ever had, the past continuous was learning the past simple, I realized. Moreover, I've used such advanced constructions as, as crucial as my soft skills I got on top of things. Which means that I coped with everything. Furthermore, I used such linking words and phrases as I tend to think fatomore in hindsight. And luckily on top of that, I used the phrasal B, brush up on. I had to brush up on small talk. And of course, I applied such high level words as overwhelming, crucial, and hindsight. That's the end of this chapter, and we'll move on to the next one, and in the second chapter, you'll learn how to write a business letter. 4. Lesson 3. How to write a business letter?: Hi guys. In this video, we'll talk about how to write a business letter, A few words about greeting rules. The first rule is to use, use the word dear to add politeness and formality. Or to show that the letter is important, That is, when you really need to get someone's attention. For example, de Mr. Smith. The second rule is capital letters. Use capital letters for names and titles. For example, John from a capital letter, Sir, Madam, Mr. Mrs. all the words are from a capital letter. The third rule is about comas. We don't use a comma after the first word, Hi. Without a without. Without a coma, Mr. Smith. We do not also use a coma after please, if it's at the beginning of the statement. For example, please, no coma. Let me know if you have any questions about the attachment. The fourth one is the full stop, which is used in British English, and the period, which is used in American English. The full stop or a period is a point in grammar. A period is to show the shortened form after mis m and miss. The period is used by the Americans, but the British usually omit it. Do not put a period at the end of the greeting. A coma is fine, but not the period at the end. A coma is often used in American English. For example, a Mr. Smith. No period Smith, American variant, Miss Smith, British variant Smith, American variant Smith, British variant, fullstop Smith, American variant. The fifth rule is about titles. Mr is for, it's MRS. Miss that is a married woman. M I, S, it has to be addressed to an unmarried woman, but you don't know whether a woman is married. The sixth greeting rule is never use exclamation marks in business letters. They are unprofessional and inappropriate in business correspondence. Now let's talk about some forms of salutations. Hi, Paul is pretty informal. De Paul, Mr. Smith, Art in British English. Dear sir or madam. In American English we use Sir madam. Or sir or madam if we don't know the name of a person. Dear sir A customers, dear colleagues. British English, dear co workers, American English, dear team, dear all dear both dear friends. A associates. Used by official companies. A board which means a members of the board of directors, dear shareholders or madams. Also, we should remember that Sir Madam, or Sirs. And Madams, we should write in a capital letter. Hi guys. Today we'll talk about letters and e mails and learn how to provide information. The first two constructions which will be useful for you are please find below attached. If you want to attach some information in email, please find below enclosed. If you enclose something in the letter. If the letter is in an envelope, let's use them in the sentences, Please find attached the documents you requested. Please find attached the documents you requested. Please find enclose the documents you requested. Please find enclose the documents you requested. If you want to enclose some documents to your letter, the verbs attached and enclose require the direct object afterwards. In this sentence, it's the documents. The second construction which would be really useful for you is I have pleasure in, I have pleasure in enclosing the documents you requested if the letter is in envelope. I mean that if you write a physical letter. The word enclose is related to letters. But if you want to write an e mails, I have pleasure in attaching the documents you requested. Attaching is a word which is related to e mails, a more universal phrase. I have pleasure in sending the documents you requested. Sending the documents that could be both related to letters and emails. One more sentence. I have pleasure in updating the documents you requested. As you see after propositions, we usually use either eran or a noun. In our case, in all the sentences we use jerans, such as closing, attaching, sending, and updating after them, we use the direct object, the documents. The third portion of constructions concerning providing information I would, I'm writing to, I'm writing in connection with, let's use them in our sentences. I would like to inform you about the upcoming business course. I would like to inform you about the upcoming business course. As you see, after I would like, we have to use the infinity with the particle two in our case to inform you. To inform you takes the proposition about. After the proposition about, we use the noun. In our case, it's a noun phrase, the upcoming business course. Another example, I'm writing in connection with the upcoming business course. I'm writing in connection with the upcoming business course. After proposition with, we use the noun phrase, the upcoming business course. We should remember to use the present continuous construction. I'm writing the next example. I'm writing to notify you about the upcoming business course. I'm writing to notify you about the upcoming business course. Notify is the formal option of let somebody know about something. One more example, I'm writing to confirm the information about the upcoming business course, or I'm writing to acknowledge the information about the upcoming business course. Confirm and acknowledge the synonyms. Hi guys. Today we'll talk about how to request information. The first construction we are going to learn today is cold. I'll give you a list of information requests you could apply in your business letters. Could you please send me the information about our next project? Could you please send me the information about our next project? Could you please give me the information about our next project? Could you please give me the information about our next project? Could you please help me to sort out the following issue? Could you please help me to sort out the following issue? A really useful phrasal verb to sort out the following issue. To deal with the following issue. Could you please advise me on how to resolve the following issue? Could you please advise me on how to resolve the following issue? After advise somebody, we have to use the proposition on. After the proposition on, we'll need to use how to. Could you please inform me about the upcoming event? Could you please inform me about the upcoming event? Could you please let me know about the upcoming event? Could you please let me know about the upcoming event? Could you please confirm the information about the upcoming event or could you please acknowledge the information about the upcoming event? Could you please clarify the information about the upcoming event? Could you please clarify the information about the upcoming event? And the other construction which is really useful in information requests is I would like, here are a couple of examples. I would like some information about your current prices. I would like some information about your current prices after like you can use a direct object. Some information I would like to know about your services. I would like to know about your services after would like. You can also use the Infinity in this case to know I would like to ask about your services. I would like to ask about your services and some other good requests. I would be grateful if you could provide me with some information about your services, I would be grateful if you could provide me. Some information about your services. I would be grateful if you could is conditional to unreal situations in the present would and could. Polite verbs, which you could apply in your business letters, a really polite request, I would appreciate it. If you could provide me with some information about your services, I would appreciate it if you could provide me with some information about your services. Make sure you use it. Appreciate, because appreciation is a transitive web which requires a direct object after it. I would appreciate it if you could. Is also conditional two, which means an unreal situation in the present. Hi guys, In this video we'll talk about two letters, letter of apology and letter of complaint. But first, let's talk about some phrases in an apology letter. The first useful phrase in an apology letter is I'm. I'm. To illustrate this construction, let's take a couple of examples. I'm sorry that I'm unable to attend the meeting. I'm sorry that I'm unable to attend the meeting. I'm that I won't be able to come to the meeting. I'm that I won't be able to come to the meeting as you see after this construction. I'm you'll have to use the subject in this case, it's a predicate. In our case, the M unable to, these are am unable to attend and won't be able to come to. In the first case, not able to is realized by the negative prefix on unable to. The second phrase, which would be really useful for you while you are writing a letter of apology is, I'd like to apologize. I'd like to apologize. Let's take a couple of examples with this construction. I'd like to apologize for the damaged delivery, I'd like to apologize for the damaged delivery. The damaged delivery is a direct object. I'd like to apologize for the problems you've experienced. I'd like to apologize for the problems you've experienced. The direct object, the problems. I'd like to apologize for the misunderstanding between my colleagues. I'd like to apologize for the misunderstanding between my colleagues. The direct object here is the misunderstanding. I'd like to apologize for the poor service you had. I'd like to apologize for the poor service you had. In this case, we have the compound direct object, the poor service. As you see, after the verb to apologize, we use the proposition four. And we know that after propositions we usually use nouns. In our case, nouns are as follows. The damaged delivery, the problems, the misunderstanding, and the poor service. They are in the role of direct objects. The third useful phrase is, I regret to inform you that I regret to inform you that after the verb regret, we use both adjerant and the infinity. In this case, we use the infinity with the particle two because it's related to the future information you would like to inform. If you said, I regret informing you that it would mean you already informed the information you regret. Now it's related to the past To regret. To do something is a really formal phrase which is used in business letters. Let's have a look at some examples. I regret to inform you that we are out of stock of the requested product. I regret to inform you that we are out of stock of the requested product. To be out of stock means not having the products in stock. The other example, I regret to inform you that the item you ordered has been discontinued. Regret to inform you that the item you ordered has been discontinued, as you see in both examples. After that, we use the subject in the second sentence, the item the predicate. In the first sentence, it's R. In the other sentence, we have a compound predicate, has been discontinued. In other words, we could paraphrase the sentence and could say, I regret to inform you that the item has been discontinued. Now, let's have a look at the construction that could be useful in a complaint letter I'd like to complain about. I'd like to complain about. Let's illustrate a couple of examples. I'd like to complain about the poor service I had. I'd like to complain about the poor service I had. I'd like to complain about the damaged delivery. I'd like to complain about the damage delivery. I'd like to complain about the problems you experienced. I'd like to complain about the problems we experienced. Sec to complain takes a proposition about unless it's a disease or pain or anche. In this case we will complain of. When we look at our sentences, we could notice the proposition about after which we have to use a noun in the role of a direct object. In the first sentence, it's a compound noun, the poor service. In the second sentence, it's also a compound noun that damaged delivery. In the last sentence, it's the problems, which is just a noun. Hi guys. Today I'll give you an algorithm on how to write a letter of apology. The first thing you should do is to apologize. Then you have to provide a reason why you can't come to a meeting or attend a conference or just to be at work. The final step, you just need to reassure confidence. What does that mean? You'll just need to reassure somebody that you'll participate in a conference next time and there is no need to worry about that, reassure confidence or restore confidence. Now guys, let's apply this algorithm in a letter. For example, dear John, first apologize, I'm sorry, I won't be able to attend the conference next week. As you see, you start with some verbs of apology. I'm sorry, this is apology. I won't be able to. It's a really formal, really polite apology. Next, you give a reason. I will be on a business trip in France. You reveal respect to your address. You want him or her to know where you will be. The final step, you restore confidence, you reassure confidence. But please let me know when you have the next conference. It means you want them to feel that you are really interested. And next time you'll definitely participate in that conference. One more letter of apology. A Mr. Smith. I'd like to apologize for the damaged delivery you received. To apologize for to be sorry for something. The second step is give a reason We had a problem with our loading equipment. Make sure you give a relevant reason to your address. Then the final step, you restore confidence. We'll do our best to ensure this doesn't happen again, to do our best is a great phrase for restoring confidence. One more letter, dear Mr. Smith. I would like to apologize for the damaged package you received. This is also an apology. We have a problem with the loading equipment. This is a real reason that we have a problem. And the third one, we are trying to restore confidence. We will do our best to prevent this from happening again. It's really important to use such words as it doesn't happen again or from happening again to reassure confidence for personal matters. You could use just one sentence. I won't be available next week due to personal reasons, but I'll be back in the office on Monday the 24th S. In one statement, you killed even three birds with 1 stone. You included three steps. The first one, you apologized, I won't be available next week. Secondly, you gave a reason due to personal reasons. And thirdly, you reassured and restored confidence. But I'll be back in the office on Monday the 24th. Hi guys. They will learn how to write a business letter and we'll talk about action lines. So there are a couple of phrases which would help you to get an answer, to get a reply from your address. Such a phrase is, I look forward to hearing from you soon. I look forward to hearing from you, or I look forward to hearing from you soon as you see the phrasal. Look forward to requires a Gert. It's a B plus ING in this case. It's a phrase, hearing from you. Such a phrase means that you are waiting impatiently to get an e mail from your address. One more useful phrase is, I look forward to your reply. I look forward to your confirmation, or I look forward to your acknowledgment. Usually in e mails we use the word reply instead of an answer is an instant response reply. If you don't expect a quick answer, this is a reply. As you see, after I look forward to, we could use both jared and a noun in our sentence. We have such nouns as reply, confirmation, and acknowledgment. I would be grateful if you could send this information at your earliest convenience. I would be grateful if you could send this information at your earliest convenience. As you see, I would be grateful if you could send is a conditional tool. It means that it expresses an unreal situation in the present. Would and could are really polite words for an e mail. The Abs are much better if you just right will and can at your earliest convenience is a great collocation for an e mail. It means if you find time I would appreciate a prompt reply quoting the price and availability. I would appreciate a prompt reply quoting the price and availability appreciate requires a direct object. That's why in the role of a direct object, we have a prompt reply quoting the price and availability is a participle one phrase. We hope to hear from you soon. We hope to hear from you soon. As you see after the verb hope, we should use the infinity with the particle two. In our case, it's to here. Please confirm that these terms are acceptable to you. Please confirm that these terms are acceptable to you. Please confirm that is a formal clause which includes the word please and the high level word confirm with the pronoun that, which denotes a formal style. The phrase to be acceptable to somebody belongs to a formal style as well. Thank you in advance for the information or thank you in advance. It means that you are grateful to your C beforehand. Now let's come up with a couple of lines. If you answer the first phrase, I will contact you in the next few days or I will contact you in the next few weeks. If you are sure that you will reach the person after a couple of weeks or a couple of days. If you know the exact period of time after which you managed to write to a person, make sure you use this phrase. One more good line. We will contact you as soon as we have the information. We will contact you as soon as we have the information. As soon as we don't use the future tense, we use the present simple, we have the information. It's so called alternative conditionals to. If I will send all the information later today I will send all the information. Tomorrow I will send all the information. In the next 48 hours you reveal respect to a client. If you give him or her an exact information about time, the invoice will be forwarded in the next few days. Invoice will be forwarded in the next few days. In this case, it's a future simple passive. If you are not sure that it will be exactly you who will send this information, you could use the passive voice. The invoice will be forwarded is a future simple passive. Now let's talk about some neutral lines which would be really useful for you in a business letter. The first one is, let us know if we can be of any further help. Let us know if we can be of any further help. It would show your client or your business partner that you are a really helpful person. If you need any further information, please contact us or contact me. If you need any further information, please do not hesitate to contact us or contact me. That is a really, really common action line if you want to provide additional information to a client. A really similar line to it is if you have any further questions with regard to the contract, please contact me. If you have any further questions with regard to the contract, please contact me. As you see we have the phrase with regard to here instead of Regular S two or four. Please contact us for any further information. Please contact us for any further information. Contact somebody for something after they contact somebody, we use a Proposition four SC. In such lines, collocations with further are really common. Further help, further information and further questions. We would be pleased to supply any further information you require. We would be pleased to supply any further information you require. After pleased, we usually use the infinity with the particle two. In this case, it's top to supply what supply any further information. After the verb supply, we use a direct object. We trust that this is acceptable to you. We trust that this is acceptable to you. By the verb trust, you look more confident with a client or a partner. I'm sorry that we cannot help you further. I'm sorry that we cannot help you further. You could use this line if you have already provided all the information you knew to your ads. I look forward to meeting you. I look forward to meeting you next week. As you remember, after I look forward to use the gerant form, in our case, it's meeting. I look forward to seeing you at the conference. I look forward to seeing you at the conference in this sentence after. Look forward to, we use Eran, seeing. Hi guys. Today we'll talk about some ways of completing a business letter. Here are some common and formal ways to end a business letter. The first one is sincerely, sincerely is one of the most widely used and accepted conclusions in business correspondence. The second one is yours faithfully. Yours faithfully is typically used when you don't know the recipient's name. The third one is best regards. Best regards is a friendly but professional ending, which is appropriate for most situations. The fourth way to complete the letter is kind regards. Kind regards is a slightly more formal option than best regards. It's a more formal, friendly, professional closure. The fifth one is yours truly. Yours truly is a classic and formal way to end a business letter. The sixth closure is respectfully, it's a more formal closing which is often used in the formal or official correspondence. The seventh one is cordially. Cordially is a warm and friendly ending suitable for business letters with a personal touch. The eighth closing is yours sincerely. Yours sincerely is similar to sincerely, but a little more formal. The ninth closing is with respect, with respect, a formal ending, and it is often used in a more serious or somber context. The final tenth closing is warm Regards. Warm regards is a friendly ending, and it is suitable for a more personal or friendly tone. Be sure to choose a conclusion that matches the tone and formality of your letter, as well as your relationship with the recipient. 5. Lesson 4. How to behave at work.: Hi there. Today we'll talk about different forms of meeting and greeting depending on the situation. What do we say when we meet the person for the first time? There could be different options. It's nice to meet you or nice to meet you. Good to meet you, it's a pleasure. Pleased to meet you. It's more formal. How do you do, It's not really used frequently. Please, to make your acquaintance. It's a super formal greeting. It's nice to meet you. Nice to meet you. Good to meet you. It's a pleasure please to meet you. How do you do please to make your acquaintance? It all depends on the situation, on the formality of your meeting. But if you see somebody again, say it's nice to see you again, or it's just nice to see you. It's nice to see you again, or it's nice to see you after spending time with friends. Say it was nice seeing you, was nice seeing you. It was nice to see you like it was in the previous context, but it was nice seeing you after nice. You already use the gerant form. In our case, it's seeing. When a good friend calls, you should say it's nice to hear from you. It's nice to hear from you when you are unlikely to meet. Again, say it was nice talking to you or it was nice meeting you. It was nice talking to you. It was nice meeting you. As you see, we use the gerant form after nice talking meeting. But when you end a pleasant conversation, say it was nice to talk with you. It was nice to talk with you. Probably you will meet him or her again. It was nice to talk with you when you first time on Skype, break the ice and greet a person in such a way, if the person's name John. Hello, John. Can you hear me okay? Or can you see me Okay? Hello, John. Can you hear me okay? Hello, John. Can you see me Okay? You can say it in another way. I can see you perfectly. I can see you perfectly. Nice to put a face to the name, or it's nice to finally put a face to the name. It's a great connection. It's a great connection. Thank you for your time. Thank you for your time. Do not talk on Skype. Nice to see you or nice to meet you. These words should only be spoken when two people are together face to face on. When you know each other, say hello John. How are you doing? The response could be, I'm doing well. Hello, John. How are you? The response, I'm great. I'm fine. If a question and the style of a meeting is semi formal or informal, say hi John. How is everything, how is it going? And the response could be great or good. Hi guys. Today will talk about the language of meetings and we'll learn some expressions at a business meeting. The first expression is I propose in the meaning of I have an idea. I propose we work a six day week. I propose we work a six day week. You see, after I propose, we can use a subject and the predicate in our sentence. The subject is we, and the predicate is work. She proposed to pay the debt in small amounts. She proposed to pay the debt in small amounts. After the expression with the verb, we could also use the infinity with the particle two. In our sentence. The infinity is to pay. I propose a different solution. I propose a different solution. A pose. We could also use a direct object. A direct object in this case is a different solution. After the expression we propose, we could use the subject and the predicate. We could use the infinity with two and we could also use a noun. Another expression at a business meeting is, I suggest in the meaning of, I recommend or I advise, I suggest you see a lawyer. I suggest you see a lawyer. I suggest you see a lawyer. It means I recommend that you contact a lawyer. I suggest he apply for the job. I suggest he apply for the job. As you see after I suggest we use here, that is a subject. And apply. That is a bare infinity. Not apply but apply without two apply doesn't relate to he apply is just a bare infinity. I suggest he apply for the job means I advise him to apply for a job. I suggest they don't take any action for now. I suggest they don't take any action for now. Sc the negation is realized by using the auxiliary verb. Let's have a look at propose and suggest as interchangeable synonyms. For example, propose to discuss it at the next meeting, or I suggest discussing it at the next meeting. These two sentences are absolutely interchangeable in this context. But after propose, we should use the infinity with the particle two. But after suggest, we have to use aderant form, discuss if we don't have the subject. If we do have the subject, we could propose and suggest in the same way, I propose we put more people on the project, or I suggest we put more people on the project. I propose we cut stuff, or I suggest we cut stuff. As you see in the first sentence is the subject and put is a predicate. The same situation is with our last sentence, is the subject and cut is a predicate. Now I propose to talk about meetings. What kind of meetings there are with what expressions we should use, the word a meeting or the meeting. Now we'll have a look at some expressions with meeting. The first expression is a preliminary meeting. This is a meeting in preparation for a more important meeting. For example, we'll hold a preliminary meeting next week before the conference. We'll hold a preliminary meeting next week before the conference. The collocation is hold a preliminary meeting. In our preliminary meetings, we discussed the agenda and points to be discussed today. In our preliminary meetings, we discuss the agenda and points to be discussed today. The collocation is in our preliminary meetings, the preliminary stages of the competition, the preliminary stages of the competition. The commonly used collocation is the preliminary stages. The second expression is a provisional meeting. A provisional meeting is an appointment that may have to be changed, that is a non specific agreement. For example, the meeting has been provisionally arranged for the end of April. The meeting has been provisionally arranged for the end of April. It means that the meeting is tentatively scheduled for the end of April. Provisionally arranged is a common combination of words. Provisionally agreed on July for our wedding. We've provisionally agreed on July for our wedding. The common combination of words is provisionally agreed. The meaning of the sentence is that we previously agreed that our wedding will take part in July 1. More example is we accept provisional bookings by phone. We accept provisional bookings by phone. The common combination of words is accept provisional bookings. The meaning of the sentence is we accept pre orders by phone. The last example is, I've made a booking at the hotel, but it's only provisional. I'll have to confirm it. So I've made a booking at the hotel, but it's only provisional. I'll have to confirm it soon. The common combination of words is it's only provisional. The third expression with meeting is to pencil in a meeting. You could pencil in a date, you may pencil in a day. You might pencil in a time or a person. The meaning of this expression is to arrange a meeting in advance. There is non specific agreement to be confirmed later. Here are some examples. Let's pencil in Monday next week, but I will confirm it on Friday. Let's pencil in Monday next week, but I will confirm it on Friday. The commonly used expression is let's pencil in Monday. The meaning of the sentence is, let's tentatively agree on Monday next week, but I will confirm this on Friday. Shall we pencil in the 15th? Shall we pencil in the 15th? Pencil in the 15th? That is a commonly used expression, pencil in, plus a date. We pencil it in forenoon and I'll call you tomorrow to confirm. Can we pencil it in forenoon And I'll call you tomorrow to confirm pencil it. It forenoon is a commonly used expression. Let's just pencil it for now. I need to check my wife's schedule. Let's just pencil it for now. I need to check my wife's schedule. Pencil it for now is a commonly used collocation. The meaning of the sentence is, let's just make a preliminary agreement. Now I need to check my wife's schedule. The first expression with meeting is to hold a meeting or to have a meeting. We'll hold a meeting to discuss salaries, or we'll have a meeting to discuss salaries. Another expression is to set a meeting in the meaning of to organize a meeting. For example, we need to set up a meeting with the US office and the French. We need to set up a meeting with the US. Office and the French. The meaning of it is that we need to arrange a meeting with the American office and the French Office. One more expression is to fix the meeting. To fix the meeting is to make an appointment. Can we fix the meeting for next Friday? Can we fix the meeting for next Friday? It means can we make an appointment for next Friday? The seventh one is to lead the meeting. To lead the meeting in the meaning of initiate the meeting. Who will be leading the meeting today? Who will be leading the meeting today? The eighth expression with meeting is to run the meeting in the meaning of holding a meeting. If it's okay with you, I'll run the meeting tomorrow. If it's okay with you, I'll run the meeting tomorrow. The meaning of it is, if you don't mind, I will hold a meeting tomorrow. The next one is to chair the meeting. To chair the meeting is to preside over the meeting. John six, it looks like I'll be chairing the meeting today. John six, it looks like I'll be chairing the meeting today. And some other expressions with meeting to call the meeting is to convene a meeting. To arrange a meeting, to organize a meeting, to plan a meeting or set a meeting means to schedule a meeting, participate in to be involved in the meeting, means to take part in the meeting, to facilitate the meeting, means to help a meeting to happen more efficiently and successfully at meetings. We can also discuss points, issues, items, things, or talk about points, issues, items, or things. At meetings, we can also raise points, issues, items, or things, or bring up issues, items, things. We could ask questions or answer questions. We could solve problems, resolve problems, deal with problems, address problems, could cope with problems. We may also get over problems, get around problems, and overcome problems. Hi there. In this video, we'll learn about the Small Talk at Work and discuss some questions for employees. Small Talk at Work is a great way to build relationships with coworkers and create a positive work environment. Here are some friendly and relevant questions to ask your colleagues. The first question is, how was your weekend? How was your weekend? This is a classic conversation starter. It allows your colleagues to share their thoughts about the weekend. The second one, did you do anything fun recently outside of work? Did you do anything fun recently outside of work? This question can lead to a discussion of hobbies or interests. The third one is, how is your day going so far? How is your day going so far? It's an easy way to show that you care about your colleagues Well being. The fourth question is, have you been on any interesting vacations lately? Have you been on any interesting vacations lately? Travel is a common topic that can lead to interesting stories. Fifth one is, do you have any exciting plans for the upcoming holiday? Or do you have any exciting plans for the upcoming weekend? This question can help you discover common plans and interests. The sixth question is, what's your favorite restaurant or coffee shop in the area? What's your favorite restaurant or coffee shop in the area? This could lead to recommendations and even potential dinners. The seventh one is, are you reading anything interesting these days? Or are you watching anything interesting these days? Sharing book, movie, or TV show recommendations can be a fun way to communicate. The eighth question is, how do you like to unwind after work? How do you like to unwind after work? That means how do you like to relax after work? This question can lead to discussions about relaxation and stress management. The ninth question is, what's your favorite part about working here? What's your favorite part about working here? In other words, it's what do you like most about working here? Encourage your colleagues to share their positive experiences. The last tenth question is, do you have any fun plans for the weekend? Do you have any fun plans for the weekend? In other words, are any fun weekend plans coming up? This is a great way to learn about their interests outside of work. Remember to actively listen and respond to their responses so that the conversation flows naturally. Also, be aware of cultural differences and the formality of the work environment. Always be respectful and attentive during small talk. 6. Lesson 5. Communication Strategies in marketing and sales.: Hi guys. In this video we'll talk about softening directness in the West. They often voice their client, employee, or opponent. For example, what sort of figure do you have in your mind? What sort of figure do you have in your mind? It means what specific indicators do you mean? Is that okay for you? Is that okay for you? Means does it suit you? Using this technique will also make the client feel like they are being listened to. Use the word to show collaboration, work with them together, relation building what budget are we looking at? What budget are we looking at? What kind of budget are we considering? What deadline are working towards? What deadline are we working towards me? What deadlines are we aiming for? Now let's have a look at some expressions with mitigation of directness. First one, can I, can I, can I ask how can I ask when softening mitigation is a one more expression? Can I ask for more information about, can I ask for more information about the softening? Is can I ask for Or you can say, can I request more information? I'm not sure which of you will want to answer this. I'm not sure which of you will want to answer this. One of the key questions we need to ask is one of the key questions we need to ask, is one of the things we need to know is one of the things we need to know. I'd like to ask a few questions about costs. I'd like to ask a few questions about timescale. I'd like to ask a few questions about technical issues, the softening. I'd like to ask more expression with mitigation of directness, would you be able to tell us? Would you be able to tell us the softening is? Would you be able to? Can we talk about libraries? Can we ask about libraries? The mitigation is Can we talk about? Can we ask about if we can just focus on the libraries for a moment? If we can just look at the libraries for a moment. If we can just talk about libraries for a moment, the mitigation is if we can just focus on look at, talk about shall we discuss the back end? Shall we discuss the back end? Mitigation is shall we discuss? We need to ask for some details regarding libraries. We need to ask for some details regarding libraries. The softening is we need to ask. We could also say we need to request some details about libraries. Can we spend a minute to talk about libraries? Can we spend a minute to talk about libraries? The softening is can we spend a minute to talk about? It's important for us to know. It's important for us to know the medication. It's important for us to With regard to libraries. With regard to libraries, the softening is with regard to something. Can we go through some of the choices you'd need, or can we go through some of the features you'd need? The softening is, can we go through, could you give us one or two examples of how the system should be used? Could you give us one or two examples of how the system should be used? The mitigation is, could you give us one or two examples how something works? Could you give us any idea of your budget restrictions at this stage? Or could you give us any indication of your budget limitations at this stage? The mitigation is could you give us any idea of or could you give us any indication of? The idea is to be as soft as possible at work. Hi guys. Today we'll talk about the tennis strategy, its basic principles and how to respond to customer feedback using the tennis strategy in negotiations, the term tennis strategy. Does not refer to a specific strategy as in tennis. However, some principles can be metaphorically linked to tennis strategies. Let's have a look at some basic principles of the tennis strategy. The first principle is serve and boy, just like in tennis where the player serves and then throws himself at the net. In negotiations, you can start with a strong offer or proposal and then be ready to discuss it immediately. Ready to respond to the other side's reaction. This can put you in a proactive position. The second principle is backhand. And forehand shots in tennis players use different strokes in different situations. In negotiations, you can use different negotiation tactics. Depending on the context, A backhand move can mean a firm position and a forehand move can mean concessions or compromises. The third principle is baseline play. In tennis, staying on the baseline can be a defensive strategy. In negotiations, you can take a similar stance by being careful not to offer too much information or make big concessions too early. The fourth basic principle is a game plan. Just as tennis players have a game plan that may include attacking their opponents weaknesses. When negotiating, you must have a strategy in mind. This may include knowing your limitations as well as understanding your opponent's goals. The fifth basic principle is adaptability. Tennis players often adapt their strategies depending on their opponents playing style. Likewise, in negotiations, you must be flexible and willing to adjust your approach as the situation evolves. The sixth basic principle is mind games. Players use psychological techniques to unnerve their opponents. Psychological strategies in negotiations may include silence, patience, or strategic concessions. Now let's learn how to respond to customer feedback using the tennis strategy. Let's imagine that your clients tell you such remarks. We'll meet a good price. The price is too high. We need to be rather cheap. Can the cost be reduced at all? Can there be any movement on price? Our budget will be tight on this. The price will have to be good. We are not sure about the price. We can't do the deal at that price. Now let's apply our tennis strategy. You could ask your client, What figure were you thinking of? What figure were you thinking of? The key phrase is, what price do you have in mind? What price do you have in mind? What budget are we looking at? What budget are we looking at? Let's have a look at one more situation. Let's imagine that the client tells you we'll need fast delivery. Or can the project be finished quickly? We'll need to negotiate the deadline. Speed of completion is the most important factor. We'll need delivery as, let's use our tennis strategy. What timescale are we looking at? What timescale are we looking at? What sort of delivery time are we talking about? What delivery time are we talking about? What deadline are working towards? What deadline are we working towards? The third situation, Client, there be any movement on that at all? Is there any room for maneuver? How flexible can you be on that? Are you negotiable or is that negotiable? Applying the tennis strategy, you can respond. What flexibility are you looking for? What sort of flexibility are you looking for? What sort of movement are you looking for? What sort of movement are you looking for? Although negotiation and tennis have similarities in terms of strategy, it is important to remember that negotiation is a complex human interaction and there is no one size fits a strategy. Your approach should be based on your specific goals context at negotiation dynamics. One more context, client. If the price is right, we'll order more. How many do we need to order to get discount? Your response using the tennis strategy. What sort of quantity did you have in mind? What sort of quantity did you have in mind? Another situation, client. We expect a good discount. Can you do anything about the discount and use the following tennis strategy? What sort of discount were you hoping for? What sort of discount were you hoping for? Or what sort of discount we are you expecting? What discount we are you expecting? And the last context client, the terms will need to be acceptable. Can we have credit? Payment terms are going to be the problem. Your terms are not really suitable for us and apply such a tennis strategy. What sort of terms would you be happy with? What sort of terms would you be happy with? I hope guys, you understood the concept of the Stan strategy. Hi guys. Today we'll talk about unwritten rules during small talk. The first rule is always agree or be diplomatic. If your colleague tells you it looks like it will rain later, don't respond in such a way. No, I don't think so. There is no forecast for rain today. Respond the following. Yeah, I think you are right. Or maybe I don't like the rain so much, especially when I'm driving. The second unwritten rule is avoid short answers. Try to make two or three sentences. If the question is, any plans for the weekend, don't say just no. Come up with a longer answer. No plans as yet. But my wife is the planner in my family. She usually decides whether we go shopping or go out somewhere. If it was up to me, I'd stay in bed all day. The third rule is don't elaborate. If your co worker says you have an amazing building, don't ask him, what do you like about it? Just try to agree, Oh yes, it's a great place to work. It's a very relaxing environment. It was purposely designed for us. I like it much better than the old office. It even has a sports and games room. Have you had a tour? I can arrange it for you if you're interested. The fourth rule is don't change the topic too quickly. Don't answer. Do you like fishing in such a way? No, I like boxing. Come up with a longer answer. To be honest, fishing has never been my cup of tea, but one of my best friends loves it. He has all the equipment and he always invites me along. I guess one of these days, I'll accept his invitation. The fifth rule is show interest. Your colleague says, I'm looking forward to my vacation next week. Don't respond, That's nice, but show a bigger interest. Oh, I wish I was having a vacation next week. Are you going somewhere exotic? The sixth tip is ask back. If your co worker asks you how is your coffee, just say it's fine. Thanks. Come up with a better response. Oh, it's great. They've made it just how I like it. It will keep me going for the morning. What about you? Io coffee drinker. And other tips on workplace culture. Try not to gossip about other colleagues. Try to avoid very personal topics and questions at work, it is usually inappropriate to talk and ask about salary, Be helpful.