Building Structures in German - Structure 3

1. Introduction to the course: Hello, We'll common. Hello and welcome to building structures in German, structure three. I'm Karen and I'm a language tutor based in the UK. And I wrote this course to help you to learn to speak German. The whole of the German language is made up of a number of structures. I remember one weekend now is writing some lessons for the week ahead. When I suddenly realized this, I noticed that there are a certain number of structures in German and that every sentence follows one of these structures. Once you know what all the structures are, you can begin to learn them. Every structure you learn gives you the ability to say a huge amount. Some structures are used more than others. And all the structures together make up the entire German language. Once you've learned all the structures, or you have to do is insert different words into the slots and you have a sentence. These structures also helped to propel you to fluency. If you can manipulate the structures at high-speed, you can start to say anything you want without having to think about how to say it. As I said, each structure gives you a huge amount to say, I've limited each course to just one structure so as not to overburden you by looking at just one structure, you can really get to grips with it and understand its usage. Will help to clarify the German language and make it more like a reflex rather than something you have to think everything through. Like it's a math equation. Before you start this course, let me share with you in extremely handy learning tips that helped me to progress quickly and effectively in language learning. If you've learnt any German from the three-minute gym and courses, or looked at the first two buildings, structures, courses. Then you'll know that the key to successful learning is keeping your study sessions short and regular. I say 3 min is the key. If you limit your study sessions to just three minute chunks, well then there are three things that will happen. Firstly, your maintain enthusiasm. If you want to learn anything, you have to maintain enthusiasm or else you won't continue. If you limit your study time to just 3 min, you'll keep gem and fresh and exciting and you'll be eager to learn. If you spend hours studying very quickly, you'll get bored with German and it'll turn into a chore. Secondly, you will achieve more consistent studying. It's far better to study for this 3 min once a day. Then to study for an hour or once a week. Aspire 3 min is relatively easy to find even in the most hectic of days. But if you make sure you complete at least one three-minute study session every day, it will quickly become a habit that you'll do without thinking. You won't think, oh, I've got to learn some German today. 3 min. It's a very short amount of time. And if you make sure you stick to at least one 3 min to do session every day. Then you'll create a habit. And by doing this, you'll become a much more consistent learner. And consistency is the key to success with languages. Thirdly, you will achieve more effective memorization. This is my favorite reason as to why you should limit your study sessions to just three minute chunks. If you study something for just 3 min every day, you trick your brain into memorizing things much more quickly than if it were to see the information for hours each day. So 3 min is the key. Keep your study sessions short, consistent every day, at least one anymore than one is a bonus, but one is fine. And you'll soon be amazed at how much you learn. 2. 1 - Structure 3 outline: Let's get on and learn structure three. In German. Structure three, it's very similar to structure one. The only difference is the infinitive carrier is in the past tense instead of the present tense. Like structure one, it consists of three parts. And here's an example of it in use. That voltage is the essence of us vaulting the SOM means what did you want to eat that's involved in the SEM. Let's break this structure down into its three components and give each component and name as we do for all the structures. Voltage, the SEM. We already know means what? And that's a question word. Then volt in z. Volt in z means did you want voltage in z? And this is an infinitive carrier in the past tense. Then on the end we have SM. Sm, which means to eat. And this is an infinitive bus. Voltage, the essence, what did you want to eat? So those are the three components. A question word, infinitive carrier in the past tense, and an infinitive. You'll hopefully remember what an infinitive carrier is from a structure one, but if not, here's a quick reminder. Infinitive carrier is any word. You can put an infinitive on the end of the infinitive carriers we learned in structure one, we're all in the present tense. We can eke, can EQ, which meant Can I? Current and z. Component z, meaning can you volunteer z? Z, which means, do you want well-done z, value and z, which meant are you going most? Most? E, meaning do I have to almost I and mucin. Mucin z, which means do you have to almost do. When Instructor three, the infinitive carriers, we're going to learn, we'll all be in the past tense. We've already seen 1, v in z. Z, which means did you want. We've also already learned all the question words, but let's have a quick recap. How do you say in German, where? Vo, what? Mass? At what time? In V field over when? Van? How? V? Which or which one? Why they're home. How much we feel, how many we feel? How long? V lambda, whom? Vein. Just like with the other two structures, we can change any of the three parts and structure three, e.g. instead of saying at the start, which means what? We could change it to vote. Meaning where volt in DSM means what did you want to eat? Well, if you change vast to vote, we get Vo volt in DSM, meaning where did you want to eat? Or we could change the question where to van. Which means when we get Van voltage is the essence. When did you want to eat? So vast voltage is the voltage, the SEM van voltage. The voltage is the asymptote doesn't change just because you've changed the question word. But it changes the meaning of the question to what did you want to eat, or where do you want to eat? Or when did you want to eat? 3. 2a - List of common verbs: Using structured three, there are three parts to structure three. The question word, the infinitive carrier in the past tense, and the infinitive. We already know all the question words. Let's have a quick recap of the infinitives that we learned in structures 1.2. How do you say in German to eat, to drink, thinking to order than to try to pay. But solid to do or to make makin to hire meeting to go farther than or gain. Remember that 5M is used when you're talking about traveling somewhere by any means of transport. Whereas gain is used when you're going on foot. To take naming, to have Harbin to change in them, to buy, Calvin, to start. And fan going to be xi1, to go out or to leave our skin. To bring bucking, going. To spend money on escaping, to spend time. If I'm buying and to see his aim. To call an orphan, to stay. Black ribbon. To find, finden, to say, or to tell zymogen. 4. 2b - Structure 3 infinitive carriers: Now in the middle of this structure, we have the infinitive carriers and they're all in the past tense. Now, what you'll notice when you see these infinitive carriers is that they all contain the letter T. Also, you'll notice that the words for did you want and where you going are the same in German. The infinitive carriers in the past tense that we're going to learn in this course. Our content Z. Content z, which means could you, or were you able to content z volt in z? Volt in z means did you want voltage in z? Z. Z means that you have two volt in z again, means where you going, Walton z. Now, we compare these to the infinitive carriers that we learned in course one, you'll notice they're very similar. In the structure. One we had current and Z kernels z, which means can you, while we change it slightly to content z in the past tense? So currency is can you content z? Is could you volunteer z volume zy? In German? This means, do you want in the present tense? Or we can change it slightly by putting a T in the middle. Volt in z means did you want Walton Z mucin Z, mucin z we had in structure one. Meaning do you have to almost to mucin Z. Again, we can put a T in the middle and take away the umlaut and we get most of z. Z, meaning did you have to. Now the only time that this pattern changes is with you going. In German, we learned that in Z is, are you going, or literally valency means will you? In German, we had things like, what are you going to do? Well, literally in Germany, say What will you do? Vast, vast anti-American. But in the past tense we use instead voltage in z. Voltage in Z domain where you going. This literally means did you want still? But in English, whenever you say will you going with a variable in the end, e.g. what were you going to do? Well in Germany, you have to say instead, what did you want to do? Vast Bolton Z makin, which means what did you want to do? Or you can translate it as what were you going to do? 5. 2c - practice questions: So how would you say in German, what did you want to bring? Vast potency playing in vast voltage v Bollinger. And when did you have to leave van Muslims the outer skin? Van Muslims the skin. What did you want to do? Vast voltage, the maximum voltage. American. Where did you have to go? And so I remember in German, whenever you have the word go in a sentence that starts with where, then instead of VO, for where you have to save all hidden, which means literally to where, to where they have to go. Vahid Muslims, the Falcon VO, hidden Muslim define them. Well, you could save all Hindustan Zi Gan if you're going on for whom did you want to call? Vein voltage, the Anna Hoffman? Vein voltage, an orphan. Where are you going to stay? Volts since the blind 1 v voltage supply going literally, where were you going to stay? Well, in Germany, say where did you want to stay? Voltage V Leiden. When did you want to eat van volts in the van voltage, the SEM. What could you see? Vast consensus am vast quantities then. How much did you have to pay? We feel most insipid salon. We feel most exhibit silane. What we're going to say, vast volts since these are Eigen versus voltage, these Eigen solution, that means what did you want to say? But you can translate it as what we're going to say. Bus voltage is argon. 6. 2d - practice questions: How would you say in German, Why did you want to leave about home voltage gain? Voltage gain. What did they have to do? Vast most edema, Muslims, the makin. What were you going to do? Bus voltage, Sima Qian, vast voltage zymogen. Because you eat vote contents, the essence of all contents, the essence. When we go into, go out, van voltage gain, voltage gain. How much we're going to bring. V field both in deploying and we feel voltage Z plugin. Which one we're going to buy. Vertical volt in the coffin. Very high voltage the coffin. How are you going to pay? V voltage is debit Solid. V voltage is EBIT solid. What could you buy? Vast continuity, Calvin. Vast contents. The Calvin, Where did you want to go? Vote in volts insofar can vote in voltage if argon. Why did you want to go home voltage, the gate voltage again. 7. 2e - practice question: How would you ask in German, what could you do? That's constantly makin. Vast continuity makin. Which one did you want to buy? Vehicle volts into the Calvin? Vertica, Boltzmann T Kelvin. Why did you have to go about homeless teens again? Vowel Muslims again. How much did you want to spend? The field voltage is the housekeeping. V field voltage the housekeeping. Where could you go? Void content again. Volume continent again. Where are you going to go? Vote in voltage gain, VO 1 v. And again, Who did you have to call? Vein Muslims, the n Hoffman vein Muslims, the Anne Holton. What did you have to take? Vasomotor, the Neyman, vast Muslim, the name and where did you want to eat? Walton's the SEM volt voltage, the essence of whom are you going to call vein volt into an orphan? Vein volt in the Anna Hoffman. Where did you want to stay? Volt? Voltage, supply. Voltage is 11. Where could you stay? Vote contents 11, vote contents of libel. What did you want to say? Vast voltage. This is Eigen voltage. These Eigen. 8. 3 - manipulating structure 3: Manipulating structure three. You can manipulate structure three and made different ways, just like equal width structures, 1.2 e.g. you can take certain bits out to make different types of questions. You don't always have to stick all three parts together. Let's see what happens when you don't put the question word on. How would you say in German, did you want to eat? Voltage, the SM volt in the ethanol? Did you want to eat here? Now in Germany, when you add extra information, don't forget that the extra information goes in front of the infinitive. So just like structure one, if you said, did you want to eat here? You would say literally in German, did you want here to eat? And so the word to eat is the infinitive and that has to go to the very end of the sentence. So did you want to eat here, voltage here, SM, volts in z here S. And did you have to pay most of the Z bit silane, most insipid xylem. Did you want to pay the bill for me? Hear the word pay goes to the end. So it will say literally, did you want for me the bill to pay? Voltage is economic direction. Ok, but Zahlen voltage, the Fermi Dirac non-whites out. And let's see what happens now. If you don't put an infinitive on the end, how would you say in German, what did you want? Vast Bolton, Bolton z. So you haven't got to put all three parts. You can either take the question word off and just get the infinitive carrier and the inventive. Or you can even take the infant develops and just put the question word and the infinitive carrier. 9. 4a - as a non-question: As a non question. So far we've only looked at structure three in a question format. However, you can also use it as a non question. As a question format. Structure three consisted of three parts. Voltage, Z, Essen, what did you want to eat? A question word, a past infinitive carrier, and an infinitive. You could also add the extra information just like any other structures. And don't forget that in German, the infinitive has to go to the very end of the sentence. And so if you wanted to say something like, what did you want to eat yesterday, you will say literally, what did you want yesterday to eat versus voltage the Kashdan SN versus voltage the Kashdan S, the S and goes to the very end. Well, to use this structure when you're not asking a question is quite simple. Just like before, you take the question word off, then flip the infinitive carry around. You will probably notice that the infinitive carriers are made up of two parts. Even in the past tense. You simply flip them around to make them into a non question. Let me show you what I mean. Let's compare a question and a non question in the structure of A3 format. Vast vaults in z makin means, what does you want to do? Bus voltage Z makin. Well, if you switch around the voltage in z and take the question word off, you get z Bolton. So z Bolton makin means you wanted to do. So you could say things like z voltage, does Kashdan makin, you wanted to do that yesterday. So the infinitive carrier volt in z means did you want and if you flip it around, you get z Bolton, which means you wanted the volt in here, Ehsan. You wanted to eat here. The voltage and power than you wanted to see Paul Bolton, nach Berlin Falcon. You want it to go to Berlin? Let's have a look at the past tense infinitive carriers that we've seen so far. And let's turn them into non questions. So content z. Z means could you or were you able to see content means you could, or you were able to Z content. Voltage V. Voltage z means did you want z? Bolton means you wanted most n, z. Z means that you have to. And the mucin. Mucin means you have to. Remember that revolt in z can also mean where you going volts and z. So z Bolton can mean you were going as well as you wanted. 10. 4b - practice sentences: So how would you say in German, you wanted to buy something here for Paul? Z volt and FATF a power Kelvin z volt in advance here for Powell Calvin. You're going to buy it tomorrow. Z volt and S Morgan Calvin is evoked in as Morgan Kelvin. You could see it. The constant S is n. The content SAM. You had to pay the bill. The Mostyn, the high economic bit, silane, the most in the economic bit. Sudden. You're going to buy something yesterday. The voltage at vast Kashdan coffin is evoked in net-worth Kashdan Kelvin. You're going to buy some cheese, is evoked in adverse K is a coffin, is evolved to add Vasquez a coffin. You're going to be here early. The voltage and flew here. Xi1 revolt in through here is I1. So they have the third German structure in a non question format, Z volted gash then here, Ehsan, You wanted to eat here yesterday. So you've got the past infinitive carrier, the Bolton extra information in the middle. Guess Dan and here. And the infinitive on the end, Essen, to eat. You wanted here yesterday to eat is what you'd literally say. Z Bolton and Kashdan here, SM, You wanted to eat here yesterday. Just one little thing to note in German in the extra information section. If you have more than one thing. So here we have more than one word we've got yesterday and here and an English sentences, you wanted to eat here yesterday. In German, you would literally translated as, you want it yesterday here to eat. And that's because whenever you have more than one extra information Word, the time has to go before the place. There's little saying in German, the extra information is always time, manner, place, time first, nanosecond, and placed third time are things like yesterday, today, next week, last week. The manner is how something happens. So it might have happened quickly or slowly. Then the place here, they're at the supermarket. So if you have any of those extra information words you should always put the time was the man of words second, and the place where it's last. And that's why in Germany you've got here. You wanted yesterday here to eat because yesterday is a time and here is a place is evolved in gash down here, essence. 11. 5a - wollen: So far we've only looked at infinitive carriers in the past. For Z, you'll notice that they all end in the letters T, E, N. We've had content z, which means could you, or were you able to. Voltage v means did you want most in z means that you have to. And voltage z again, could also mean where you're going. And so all of these and then TEN content Walton, mucin Bolton. Bolton means that you want or where you're going. And it comes from the verb volume, which means to want. Volume means 1, v in z means digital. Well, let's have a look at the past tense conjugation of the verb volume. So here's the word want in the past. In German. Volta. Volta means I wanted do voltage, just do voltage just means you wanted air and z. Volta. Volta means he or she wanted via Walton. Walton means we wanted Bolton. Bolton means you wanted and z Bolton with a lowercase S means they wanted. Now if you've looked at structured to, in building structures in German, then you'll know what all the different persons are. But if you haven't let us quickly go over them, you'll notice that there are two words for you. We've got do and z with a capital S. Z is the formal or plural version of you. And so you can use z when you're talking to somebody you don't know or when you're talking to a group of people, do is reserved as an informal singular version of you. So do is I never used when you're talking to one person and you know them very well. It's an informal way of saying you in German. I would always stick to the z. Then you'll also notice that you wanted the Z Bolton and they wanted x0 Bolton. Both are exactly the same. The only difference is that you wanted to have a capital S. But obviously in speaking, you can't hear the difference between the capitalists, the lowercase S. So occasionally this can get confusing. So z Bolton can mean you wanted or they wanted. If it is confusing, what you can do is use an alternative word for today in German, instead of saying Z volt in for they wanted, you can say d, d, e instead of S. This is only used occasionally when it's confusing. But usually you'll know what they're talking about. They won't suddenly changed from you today mid conversation. So if it is confusing instead of saying z voltage, but they wanted, you can say D Bolton, that's acre Volta Duvall test air or Z Volta via vault in the vaulting Z Bolton I wanted you wanted he or she wanted. We wanted you wanted and they wanted I know just how the last three all end in T E N. 12. 5b - müssen: If you look at the last letters of the conjugation of the volume in the past tense in German. You'll notice that these last letters are used on the endings for all the infinitive carriers in the past tense in German. So the endings or TE and Walter, TES ti, volt, test t again Walter. Then the last three are TEN. Walton, Walton, Walton. These endings t, t, t, t, t en, t en, t en are actually the same endings for all infinitive carriers in the past tense. Let's look at another infinitive carrier so you can see how the endings are the same. We've already had muslin z. Z, which means did you have to? And it comes from the verb mucin, which means most. So let's have a look at a full conjugation of the verb mucin in the past tense and driven. We've got Easter. Easter. I had to do mostest. Mostest. You had to air or z or z Mustafa. He or she had two via mucin. We're almost done. We had to Z Mostyn Zemo stone. You had two and z mucin. They had to there those letters again on the end, ti, ti, ti, ti. Then 101010. To turn the infinitive carriers in the past tense into a question. Or you have to do is invert e.g. Z. Walton means you wanted and vaulting z means that you want. So let's look at the two verbs, volun and mucin as questions in the past tense. Volume we've got Voltaire. Did I want voltage to, did you want voltage? And voltage is z? Did he or she want vaulting via? Did we want voltage, Zhi, De want? And voltage and z, did they want? Now let's have a look at the verb mucin in the past tense. Most that I have to do, that you have to move the air almost a Z. Did he have to have two? Most India? Did we have to loosen the Z? Do you have to and must in Z, did they have to sustain any of the infinitive carriers into questions? You just flip around the verb with the subject pronoun. And the subject pronoun is the word I, you, he, she, we, and they. 13. 5c - practising with wollen: How would you say in German, how did he want to pay Volta avid silane, Vivo to Abbott solid. Where did they have to go vote in most things again, vo, Hindu-Muslim, the game. What did we have to do? Vast mussen wir Machen. Mussen wir Machen. Why did he have to see Paul about **** sapiens, the powers than welcome Muslims the power then. What does he have to do yesterday? Vast most of the Kashdan makin, vast, most dizzy es Dann Machen. What did they want to do yesterday? Vast vaults in the Kashdan makin bus voltage. The Kashdan makin. What time did you have to leave? We feel almost in the house game within the game. Or of course, you could also say on the field or mostest to our skin. And so you can always use the word must do. If you're talking to a friend. Just to reiterate, we've had Voltaire. Did I want volunteers to do? Did you want voltage and voltage di did he want or does she want vaulting via? Did we want voltage and current and voltage in z, the table that we had mostly did I have to most of us do that. You have to most of the air almost to z that he or she have to muslin via that we have to muslin Z. Did you have to and must and z, they have to. 14. 6a - können: Now because the endings for the infinitive carriers in the past are always the same. T, t, t, t, t en, t en, t en. You already know how to say the z form of each of the infinitive carriers. Or you have to do is remove the TEN from the end of the Z form and then add the appropriate endings. E.g. we already knew that voltage and Z meant, Did you want well, all we did was take the TEN of the end of Walton and we were left with vol. We then put the different endings onto the end of this and put a person on the end. Voltage E. We add the TE voltage to adding the T, S, T voltage or voltage z that he or she want. Walton via that we want voltage and current and voltage in D Again, the table and they can see we just add a t, t, t, t, t en, t en, t en. And you can do this to any of the infinitive carriers in the past tense. So we've already seen that content z means could you? This comes from the verb Cornyn, which means can. And let's have a look at it conjugated in both the non question and the question format in the past tense. So content Z meant, could you see if you can have a go at conjugating into the past tense where the other people instead. So pause the video and have a go and then press play and see if you got it right. Kontiki hockey. Could I do? Could you content and content z? Could he or she content via could we content z? Could you and content z, could they? And then in the non question format, we can just flip them around and get content. Meaning I could do contest, meaning you cold air or Z quanta. He or she could be a content. We could see content. You could and z content. They could say, you'll see all the way through both of those, the question and the non question formats. The endings are the same. Te for I, T, S T for you in the informal version. Te for he and she. Then TEN for you in the formal and plural. And they each contribute context as well as the content. Via content. The content is the content. I called you code. He or she could. We could You could end they could. 15. 6b - practice sentences: How would you say in German? I could see pole. Econ two powers in Econ two pounds then. What could you see their vast contents? The door saying vast continents. The doors saying could they help? Contents eHealth and contents eHealth and what could he do? Vasco into Emma can vast come to Emma can. Now we've seen that the phrase Bolton z means did you want. But we've also seen that it means when you go into as well. This means the past tense conjugations of the verb volume have two meetings. They can mean, did you want or were you going to? So let's look at the second meaning of the conjugation of the verb. In the past tense. Voltage IQ, was I going to do when you go into voltage and voltage z, was he going to or was she going to vault in via were we going to Walton z? Will you go into volt in z can also mean were they going to men in the non question format. Equivalent means I was going to do volt test. You will go into air or Z Volta. He or she was going to via volt when we were going to is evil twin. You will go into the vaulting can also mean they will go into so how would you say in German, what was she going to do? Bus voltage, the maximum voltage, the Mac and who mostly going to call vein Valta Anna Hoffman, vein Voltaire. And often they were going to stay here is evoked in here I live in Does e-voting here, Blyton. I was going to speak voltage cracking it. Voltage cracking. 16. 6c - wollen in questions: So how do you say in German? Did I want voltage? Did you want in the informal way voltage to did he or she want voltage or voltage V. Did we want Walton via Did you want vaulting di did they want volt in Z? Did I have to? Most of the E did you have to in the informal way? Most of us do. Did he or she have to? Most of the air? Most dizzy. Did we have two? Most India. Did you have to end the formal way? Most in z? Did they have to? Most and z. Could I quantity Could you in the informal way, contest to do? Could he or she can to air or quantity? Could we continue here? Could you continue z? Could they content z? Was I going to voltage e? We, you're going to, in the informal way, voltage to do. Was he or she going to Voltaire or voltage Z? We're going to vaulting via were you going to in the formal way? Volt in z. Were they going to volt in z? 17. 7a - müssen in questions: Turning his own negative. There's one more useful thing that you can do to this structure quite easily, and that's make it negative. You can change the infinitive carriers from positive to negative quite easily. In English, e.g. why will you go into Berlin? Would become, Why weren't you go into Berlin? Could I go with you? Becomes why couldn't either with you? When did you want to do it? Becomes when didn't you want to do it? You will see an English. It's simply a matter of putting a little N apostrophe T after part of the infinitive carrier. It's almost as simple in German to or you have to do to turn the infinitive carriers negative is put a nice after them. E.g. Walton z means what are you going to? Walton diminished means when you go into, you can do this with any of the infinitive carriers in the question form. Involvement. We've got voltage punished. Didn't die. Want voltage to need. Didn't you want voltage? Or voltage? Didn't he wanted, or didn't she want? Vaulting vanished? Didn't we want voltage in Egypt? Didn't you want and vaulting the nicht with a lowercase s, didn't they want? Similarly with mucin, we get most acne. Didn't I have two. Most distinguished. Didn't you have two moves the air almost finished. Didn't he or she have to mucin vanished? Didn't we have to? Muslims in Egypt? Didn't you have to move things in it with a lowercase s? Didn't they have to? With current and we have quantity 0x100. Couldn't I contrast to meet couldn't you contact any cosine? Couldn't he? Couldn't she? Constantly and couldn't we couldn't you and contents finished, couldn't they? And the second meaning of Berlin was going to do something. So voltage wasn't I going to voltage? But you're going to voltage. And voltage finished. Wasn't he going to, and wasn't she going to vaulting DNA? Where are we going to? Voltage. Where do you going to? And voltages in it with a lowercase S, word, vaguer into. And just remember that with the day forms, you can, instead of saying z, you can also say d if it gets confusing. So instead of voltage finished, if it's not clear that you mean they, you can say volts and Dina. And it means when they go into as well. 18. 7b - practice questions: How would you say in German, Why couldn't I go with you via home quantitative nicht mit denen gain, home contact technique in and gain. Mit Eden means with you in the formal way of saying you meet dir, D-I-R meets DEA is the informal way of saying with you, what couldn't you bring vast continents in, exploring in vast contents the nicht playing and where do you going to buy something for Maria? Voltage is unique to advise Filmer here, coffin. Voltage, unique, adverse femur here Calvin, whom couldn't I call vein quantity technique and bluefin vein quantitative nicht an orphan. Why didn't he have to do it? Vowel moves to es nicht Machen. Muss es, nicht Machen Es, meaning it in German, tends to go in front of the knee. So most n means didn't he have to? But when you want to say didn't he have to do it? It tends to go in front of the need most to me. Why didn't they have to go to Berlin? Home most underneath math Berlin, Fountain, Valley home, most things in the snack belly and which one didn't you want to buy? Voltage the next Calvin. Voltage the next Calvin. You can also turn the non question infinitive carriers negative. You do it in the same way you just put on the end. So e.g. in German content, the content means I could, what do you put a nicht on the end of that? You get each continent. Continent. Which means I couldn't, just like you did with the question forms, you just put the word nicht on the end of the infinitive carrier and you can turn non question infinitive carriers negative two. 19. 7c - turning it negative: You can make any of the infinitive carriers in the non question form negative just by putting nist on the end. E.g. equality in Egypt. I didn't want to voltage Neat. You didn't want or z voltage. He or she didn't want revolt in need. We didn't want Z voltage. You didn't want the voltage. They didn't want most finished. I didn't have to do most this neat. You didn't have to add or Z Mussolini. He or she didn't have to. We are most in need. We didn't have to. Z must you didn't have to. They didn't have to constantly. I couldn't do consciousness. You couldn't or Z continent. He or she couldn't via quantum next, we couldn't z content. You couldn't they couldn't voltage. It can also mean I wasn't going to do voltage Neat. You weren't going to OZ volt neat. He or she wasn't going to be a voltage. We weren't going to z volt in need. You weren't going to revolt in Egypt. They weren't going to. How would you say in German? I couldn't do it yesterday. It is nice to Kashdan Machen, es nicht guest then makin. The neat, as long as it goes after the content. And in front of the makin can be placed anywhere in the sentence. And so Econ two es nicht Kashdan makin. Usually the s goes in front of the nicht anyway. But you can also place the guest stand in front of the nicht geht es Dann, nicht Machen. It means the same thing. So you can put the nist after the S or after the S. Gosh, **** it. Assuming the same thing in German. How would you say, I didn't want to eat it? If voltage es nicht essence, voltage es nicht S and the S tends to get in front of the neat. But again, if you put the S after the neat, it will still make sense equal to nicht SS, and it's still grammatically correct. It's just in Germany, the most common usage is to put the S in front of the knee. Voltage es, nicht Es or a faulty neat S, S, and R both, correct? I didn't want to eat it. 20. 7d - recap: How would you say in German, I wasn't going to spend too much money. It voltage needs to feel guilty housekeeping equal to next to feel guilty housekeeping. You didn't have to call Paul nixed power to an orphan image. The next power, Anna Hoffman. They didn't want to eat here. Z, volt and nicht, yes, and is evoked in nicht here, SM. I wasn't going to hire it. I was going to buy it equal to its next meeting. If voltage is Calvin, equal to ethnic meeting, if voltage is Kelvin. So to make the infinitive carriers negative in German, or you have to do is put the word nicht after them. Now let's have a quick recap of all the question. Where's that we've learned in building structures in German? How do you say in German? Where? Vo what? At what time? We feel? When Van, how? V, which or which one? Baker. Why? Vowel on how much? V field, how many we feel or how long? V lambda. Whom? Vein? And how do you say in German, I wanted volta. You wanted do volt test. He or she wanted or Z Volta. We wanted via Walton. You wanted Bolton? And they wanted Bolton. 21. 8a - recap: How do you say in German? I had to muster. You had to do most. He or she had to air or Z muster. We had to be a Muslim. You had to Easton. They had to Austin. I could contact you, could do contest. He or she could air or Z content. We could Via Quantum. You could the content. They could the content. I was going to equal to u. We're going to do Voltaire. He or she was going to air or Z volta. You were going to z Bolton. They were going to the voting. How do you say in German to eat, to drink? Taken to order than to try to pay. But Zahlen to do or to make makin to hire meeting, to go gain or five n to take naming, to have Harbin, to change them, to buy. Calvin, to start unfun going, to be designed to go out or to leave. I will scan to bring binding. 22. 8b - recap: How do you say in German? To spend money? Given? To spend time. Fibrillin going to see Zan, to call an orphan, to stay black urban, to find, finden, to tell or to say. Zack. And now we have some extra information words that you can use with this structure. And so all these words can be used in the past tense. Gosh, Stan, Gosh, ****, means yesterday. Guess Dan. Let's do Volcker. Let's do Volker means last week. Let's do Volcker. Let's just let's just means last year. Let's just yeah. Let's do let's do an act. Means last night. Let's do an act for why Tiger. Fourths y Tagore means two days ago. Literally, you put the four first. So you say in German ago, two days for why Tiger? For can be used to mean a go. Now, the words that come after ago, if you use the word, they're a little bit funny. So we'll have a few phrases that you can use for I1, Nevada, for INa Volcker. So either word for r here has an r in the end for Volker. A week ago. Will not delve into why this is in this course for now. If you just learn these as set phrases. However, if you want to know more about this than you can learn about it in the three-minute German courses. So for I in Nevada is a week ago. For einem. Einem means a year ago. For einem Ya, for survival can fourths y Vulcan. Two weeks ago, Ford spy, Vulcan force via fourths y ya, and two years ago, fourths vi yarn for ein paar tag and well, the word ein paar in German means literally a pair, or it can be used to mean a few. For ein paar, Eigen means a few days ago. For ein paar tagging. 23. 8c - practice sentences: How would you say in German, what we're going to bring? Vast voltage is deploying in molten zippering and what could you eat? Vast quantity SM, vast contents. The Ehsan, you were going to spend too much money is evolving to feel guilty about gaming. Is the voltage to feel guilty. Housekeeping. What could you see? Vast continents is N of S constancy. Then when did you want to go out? Van Voltaire scheme? Van Voltaire, our scan. I was going to bring some wine for Paul yesterday. Equality Kashdan at vast Vine fail powered by hanging. Equal altogether, then etwas Vine fail Power Plan. So whenever you have more than one extra information phrase in German in a sentence, the time phrases, if you have any, have to go in front of any of the other phrases. That's why Kashdan, which means yesterday, goes in front of the other phrases. In English, we say, I was going to bring some wine for poor yesterday. But in Germany who say I was going yesterday, some wine for Paul to bring. It can volt a gas than it was fine for pulping. And how would you say could they eat there? Contents the door to SM content the dot ASM. What time was he going to call Maria? Voltaire? Maria, and often, we feel warm pool to MFA on warfarin. Did you want to pay the bill? Voltage NZD hack non pixel in volts in z direction on silent. 24. 8d - practice sentences: How would you say in German, where did you have to go? Hua Hin machines again. Vo hidden Muslims again. What time did you want to start? 0 v in the Anfang going on, we feel over Walton's the antifungals. Which one did you want to try? Molten Z Probably upon voltage is the problem. What were you going to do last week of asphaltenes? The less the Volcker makin. Voltage is elastic vocal makin. You could buy it yesterday. Is a constant. S Kashdan Kelvin. Is the content S Kashdan Kelvin. Did you want to go out later? Volts in this beta l scan? Voltage is Beta else can I wanted to go out later? If voltage beta l scan it voltage beta l scan. Did you want to see it? Voltage the voltage is yes. Then did you want to try it? Voltage, Yes. Bobby organ. Voltages? Yes. Probably oven. Which one we're going to hire. Very cobalt in the medium voltage. The meeting. Whom did you want to see instruct got vein volts in the institute cards, they in vain volts in the institute cats then. 25. 8e - practice sentences: How would you say in German? Whom did they have to stay in Berlin? Vein Muslims, the imbalances in vain, most insane bailing Zan. Whom are you going to see in Germany? Vein voltages in Deutschland is in vain. Voltage the indulge lines then I had to be there early. Most of the flu dot sine, phi dot sine. You can bring it for Paul. Is the continental well-powered playing in the content SPL power and playing and I couldn't see it there. If konnten es nicht dots, then if konnte es nicht, don't say an OR remember, you can put them anywhere as long as it's after the contract and as long as it comes before the Zan, konnte es nicht, daughter Zan. Or you could say a quantity S dot nichts than or equal to nicht Es Dotson. But usually the S comas in front of the knee. How would you say I have to say something? Most advanced sagen. It moves the Etapas his Eigen. I wanted to bring it for Johan. Volta SVR, your hand clinging equal to S for Johan clinging. To start late. It moves the spade and finding it moves the spit and finding you were going to eat something. The volt and adverse S and Z Bolton edifice SEM. 26. 8f - practice sentences: How would you say in German? I had to leave yesterday. If mouseX gash, then I'll scan it most Dagestan, I'll scan. You wanted to buy something in Berlin. The voltage edifice in Berlin coffin is evil to adverse in Bailyn Calvin. You're going to be there yesterday. Z voting gashed n dot sine, z Bolton gashed n naught sine. You have to go to Germany. Deutschland. Deutschland Fan. Why did you have to leave yesterday? By one most instigates then I'll scan. But homelessness the guests then I'll scan. You couldn't buy it last year. The content as Nicholas TCR, how often is it konnten es nicht less TCR coffin. She wanted to say something. The voltage when the voltage at Vestas Eigen, we're going to bring it with you z volt and estimate in and bringing the volt in S midiin and bringing, I wanted to eat something equal to a plus S equal to edifice SEM. You were going to spend too much money. The voltage to feel guilty about gaming is important to feel guilty housekeeping. 27. 8g - practice sentences: How would you say in German? I had to find the hotel. If most of us hotel finden, Das hotel finden. I was going to change it later. If voltage is Beta and down equal to S beta n, then you began to buy too much. Is evoked in Sofia, Calvin Z voting to feel Kelvin. I wanted to buy something here. If voltage here, kelvin. If voltage here, Calvin. You could buy it in Munich. Is the constant S n mentioned Calvin is the constant S invention. Calvin, I had to drink something. It must have adverse to Incan. It moves the atlas time. Can I couldn't bring it yesterday. Sketch Dann nicht playing in Econ two Es geht es Dann nicht clinging. You wants to buy something from Maria is evoked in atmosphere. Mafia Calvin is evoked in atmosphere. Maria Kelvin. I was going to buy it for you. If all the SQL XE Calvin equal to s fills the coffin. So fill z is the formal way of saying for you. If you want to say for you informally, you say Filled, filled d. And d is spelled D, H field z or fail D. Both mean for you. 28. 8h - practice sentences: How would you say in German? I wanted to buy it from Michael equal to S filmic IL Kelvin. If Volta SVO, Mikhail coffin. He was going to buy it from me tomorrow. A voltage es fur mich Morgan Kelvin. Able to S filmic Morgan Kelvin. I wanted to see Berlin tomorrow. Equal to Morgan Bell in Zan, equal to Morgan Bell in Zan. You have to call Michael Hoffman. And Hoffman. I was going to call Michael tomorrow. Equal to Morgan MIC IN an orphan. Equal to Morgan Mikayla, Anna Hoffman. I wanted to spend three weeks. They're equal to derive open doors for buying and derive open doors for hanging out, go into ordered the chicken for Paul. Equal to that tension, feel proud, which didn't it volted as tension-filled, published. And then I had to change the reservation. Most of the house I feel hungry and down. It moves the diencephalon and down. I had to go. Most again. It must again. 29. 8i - practice sentences: How would you say in German, you had to eat something? The Muslim Atlas SEM. The most advanced lesson. We're going to buy something here. Bolton the adverse here, coffin, voltage, the address here, Calvin. He was going to do it later. And voltage beta makin, Volta S beta makin. You had to be in Germany tomorrow the most and Morgan in Deutschland xi1 the most and Morgan in Deutschland dein. There we're going to start soon. Z Bolton belt and fine going as the volt and valid and finding. You could buy something there. The content adverse dot Kelvin, the continent advance toward Calvin. You're going to bring it from Maria. Revolt in SVO mafia boy hanging, Bolton SVO mafia buying and why did you have to change it? Loosens the S n then most insidious and then I had to call Maria Maria Anna Hoffman. Most of them are here and how often? I had to be in Berlin last week. It mostly lets the bucket in Berlin sign. Let's double-click in Berlin xi1. Why couldn't you come with us? Home contents, index mid tones, common, volume quantity next mid, common. I wasn't going to buy it today. If voltage is white and nicht coffin equal to es, nicht Kelvin. 30. 9 - structure 3 outline: So that structure three, and you can see now an outline of the structure, including the question would pass the infinitive carriers, some extra information words, and some infinitives that you can use to practice with. Just like with the other structures. To practice with this structure, what you can do is say one question out loud over and over, and then try and change one part without stopping. E.g. vast quantities of Kashdan SM, vast continent the cash than Essen, vast quantities of guests then SM, Vote contents, the guest and SM. And by changing one part, then you will help your tongue to get more familiar with the structure. And this will help you to achieve fluency a lot more quickly. Now, don't forget that you can use a structure in four different ways. A positive question, e.g. we feel over voltage again. We feel we're voltage again. What time did they want to go? A positive non question which you can get by flipping the infinitive carrier around with the subject, e.g. Z. Bolton, who again is the voltage on the high over again, they wanted to go at 03:00. You can get a negative question by putting nicht on the end of the infinitive carrier, e.g. of our home voltage gain. Wow, Home voltage, the next game, which means why didn't they want to go? You can do the same with non question and get a negative non question by putting nicht on the end of the infinitive carrier. E.g. Z. Bolton nicht Ganz is the volt and nicht Ganz. They didn't want to go.