Transcripts
1. Line Drawing Introduction: In this class we're going
to learn about line. The first thing that
you're going to learn is about
different pencils, the numbering system,
and how they work. You're also going to
learn about color using black colored pencils
and charcoal pencils. After that, we're gonna
learn about doing contour. Cross Contour in one direction, and cross contour into directions using
different pencils. It's going to be a short class. After that, we're going to learn about how to use
line with shading. So we're gonna learn
about hatching, cross-hatching, and
contour hatching. And we'll practice those skills. And that's going
to be the class. And in these drawings were using different
types of pencils.
2. Introduction To Pencil Numbering Systen: Okay, I'm gonna start going over different kinds of
pencils that we can use for line drawing. Materials you can use
for vine drawing it, it also goes for value drawing our different
kinds of pencils. The first thing I have some pencils or colored
pencil and charcoal pencils. This will be for Line
and value drawing. So there's the pencil
numbering system. I'm going to draw that
for you right now. So in the middle is H B. H stands for hard, B stands for black. The numbering system goes
this way and this way. So you can have a
to H four ha6h. You can have a to-be
a for B, a six. As you go in this direction, the pencils get thinner. Harder, and lighter. As you go in this direction. The pencils get sicker, softer and darker. So an HB pencil
is in the middle. You can also have
numbers in between. So like a freebie, a five KB. It's more common
that in a pencil so that you get
the even numbers. If you just have a B that stands for one B and same
on the other side. So you can have a 3h5h and
just an H stands for one. There's also a pen. Sometimes in your Pencil sets you'll get a
pencil that says F. That means Fine. To me. That's equivalent
to about a to H somewhere around in here. Let's take a look at
some of the pencils. So this pencil is a to
H. It's really light. I usually start my drawings
and these kinds of pencils and then I worked
into the darker pencils. This is an HB, a little bit darker and
easier to move around. This is a B, so that's a 1D. This is a Tooby. I don't have all the numbers, but I have quite a few. I don't really go in
this direction to really find a to H is probably
as fine as I'll go. I'd like to work mostly
around in this area. And this is a 6 ft, the one I started with. I really like these because
they're very smooth. And then sometimes
in line drawings, I do use other materials than pencils, which
are graphite. So I'll have a black
Prismacolor colored pencil, which you just get
a darker line. Then you can get
with regular pencil. With a regular pencil you
get a really dark gray. But if you want a black eye, use the PRISMA color. And then there's also
charcoal pencils, which can be a bit messy. But if you rub it, it can in your fingers
will get dirty. If you rub it, it kinda
moves around on the page, but you get a really
deep thick black line. Okay, So those are
materials that you can use and we're just in
black and white right now. For a line drawing. And also value drawing, just a simple explanation of the pencil is you should
try all the pencils out to see which ones you like and don't like or which
ones you work better with?
3. Basic Contour Drawing: The first type of line drawing
that we're going to do is just a contour
drawing or an outline. So I'm going to do
that with this. So I have this rose
and I'm gonna be looking at it from the side. So it'll look like this. And I'm just gonna
do an outline. So I'm not gonna do any
of the inner lines, will do that later. I'm gonna do an outline of the whole thing which
is called contour. I'm starting out with
a light pencil a to H. This is called contour. Drawing. Can see that. Okay. Let me just focus this. So now I'm looking at, I'm using a to H of very light pencil and I'm
looking at it and I'm just trying to do the outline without adding any
of the inner lines. This is not really going to look like a completed drawing. It's more of an
exercise to get you started with line drawing. You may not even be able
to tell what it is that you're drawing
because you're not having any of the inner
lines in the Drawing. This is a very probably
quick exercise as well. So that's what it looks
like from the side. That's too light. So I'm
getting a darker pencil, I'm getting a to B. Is that line is that's
a very light pencil and that's why I don't usually
work with the light pencils, but I start with them. So I'm just going to enhance this line with a bit
of a darker pencil. I'm making corrections where I need to make that
was very simple. You're just doing the
outline of an object. That's a Contour Drawing
4. Cross Contour Drawing: Okay, here I'm going to do
a cross contour drawing. So I drew in the rows. Are I sketched in the rows? And cross contour is when
you make lines across the surface of the object
that you are drawing to show, to show and curves
in this surface, the lines are not
actually on the object, so this is the rose. And I'm going to start with this little thing
it's standing on. So I'm going to make some
lines going like this because it's curved right here and it's curved right here. Okay? So that's cross contour and I'm gonna do it to the
whole surface. So I'm going to look
at this leaf here. And or pedal, I'm sorry. No, it's actually a leaf. Fake ceramide leaf,
but still a leaf. So what I'm showing
you this curve, I'm actually creating some depth and the drawing
because I'm showing you how it's curving
and dipping. On the surface. You can erase and stuff if
you don't like your lines, there's no You can do as many or as few
lines as you want. Like some drawings are
including cross Contour with other things and some drawings are
just cross Contour. Some people have a lot of line, some people have a few lines and some people have
variations in the lines. So I'm going to go here. Again, these lines are
not on the object. There are lines that
you're making to show the curve of the
surface of the object. This is pretty straight with
a little bit of bending, so I'm making these
pretty straight. Me come over here. So this is a curve
To top of a pedal. This way you can go in
whatever way you want. I'm just trying to
find a way that shows the most amount of curve. You can do it in one
direction or two directions. Go this way on this part. So that's kind of adding some depth and dimension
to the surface. Okay, So I started this but
the video got messed up. So I drew in the rows and I started doing cross contour
lines in one direction. What I've done so far, so I did the rows and the outlines of the
petals and the leaves. And then I started doing
cross contour lines that go around and around here. I'm coming up. So what you're doing
with these lines is showing the curve or
the indentations in the form and that's adding
depth to the forum is showing us the surface on
the depth of the form, showing us the directions
that it's curving. The lines are not
actually on the object. They're like lines
that are showing me the surface of the object. I'm going to keep
drawing here so you can see how I would be doing it. So I'm going to this surface. These lines are pretty straight I'm gonna go back in and
darken with the pencil. And I'm going here
to this surface. I'm trying to go the up and
down direction in later, all go in another direction. These lines are
pretty Sea Street. And this is a pedal, so the inside of the
pedal is kind of curved. I'm trying to get these areas in. This is the inside
of a petal as well. You kind of well,
I'm gonna do that. I'm just trying to find the
outer curve of the pedal. Then here it curves in. Here it's curving. So I'm trying to portray the ways that the pedal
is curving with lines. You can have any distance apart. I mean, mine are equal. You can have some areas
that are more dense, like say you wanted to do a couple extra right here
just for variety, right? You can have some areas where
they're closer together, in some areas where
they're farther apart. This is kind of I'm gonna do another
direction on top of this. So you can do cross contour in one direction or two
directions or more, will see IC1 and two directions. So these lines are coming down and they're curving. I mean, that's okay,
but that might need a little bit of variety. First thing I'm going to do for this drawing is I'm going to outline the petals so they're darker than the
cross contour lines because right now you can't, I mean, it's all
jumbled together. People say that cross contour
lines are kind of like a topographical map showing you how a landscape is
rising and falling. So I'm using a Tooby. And I was using
that before but I wasn't pressing as hard. I'm doing that
outline. The form. Just to differentiate between the cross contour lines on the actual outline
or the contour line? That looks a lot better. Okay, So I'm gonna
do this bottom part. So this is curved here and it comes to a curve on the bottom. There are some lines that I sketched in that you can still
see that I tried to erase. Okay. So now I'm just going to look
at these lines and see if I want to add anymore in
me dark in them but not, I'm trying not to make them as dark as the outliner contour. Again, these are cross contour
showing you the surface. I'm trying to make
some variety so they're not evenly spaced. That's looking a
little bit better. Again, you can use
cross contour in conjunction with other things. So sometimes people
just do cross contour, but sometimes they use it with also shading or perspective. Changing those a little bit. These I don't, I don't know
if I like these right here to here. Okay. So I mean, I I'm not I
mean, that's an okay. Cross contour drawing. It's showing you the curves of some of the leaves or petals. I think this one looks pretty good in terms of cross contour. This one is in one direction. I'm also gonna do one in
two directions on top of it because I wanted
to get more of a curve because I'm only showing you
a curve in one direction. So I'm going to
start out down here. I'm just going in opposite
direction to show the contour. You can do a lot or a few lines. Now I'm going to
go onto this leaf. So it's gonna give us a
deeper understanding of the curves of the
surface because it's showing two directions. I mean, you could do it in any unlimited number
of directions, but then it might start
looking a bit weird. Yeah, like here,
this looks straight because it's going straight
in this direction, but it's kind of curving around. So that's why I'm adding
the other layer of lines to kinda show when I wasn't able
to show in one direction. That one, I don't know if
that turned out so well, but let me try it
again on this one. So again, this one is curving, but these lines are straight. So I want to show the curve of how it's looking
on this side. Here. I'm trying to do a variety of widths
apart from each other, so they're not all exactly the same distance
from each other. Sometimes I'm doing that, sometimes I'm not for a variety. Put one more right here. And here, it's going down. These lines are straight. And then here it's dipping in. We're going to show that
it looks kind of weird, but I'm trying to show that
it's kind of dipping in. I don't think it's
showing that really well, but that's what I'm trying to do here this way. So there's a lot of different
directions you can go. And I'm trying to do kind of almost perpendicular
to each other. But again, it's changing
because the lines are curved. But you can also do that lines at diagonals to each other. I'm trying to show the
dip in here as well, but maybe having some
trouble doing it. See if I can get
this curve here. Whoops. Take your time with this. You may have to do a lot
of erasing and practice. Here. Trying to show the shape. Sorry, I dropped my pencil. Okay. And here. So now do you want
to see like do you like the cross
contour in one direction, more or two directions? So I'm trying to
show a dip again. Yes, I'm gonna show
up by going up. Yeah, I should've
done it up here. I did it down. Well, so it's, it's trying to show that
it's curving and dipping. And you get better at
this by practicing I went up here. Yeah, I'm going to
try this one again. I don't like the way
that one came out. That doesn't really
look correct at all. So I'm gonna put these
lines back in here. Then I'm gonna make
the curves going up. This is not perfect, but at least you're
getting the idea. And I'm trying to
show that it's, the leaf is like dipping in, but it doesn't really
read that way. This is a practice thing. So you need to practice,
practice, practice. Okay, so that's cross
contour into directions. You can start out doing
one in one direction. This is complicated. You don't have to
pick something that's complicated when
you're starting out, like you could start out
with a sphere or a ball. I just wanted to do
something complicated. So you could see, I'm gonna come in with
a black colored pencil and define again
some of the lines. So this is a black colored
pencil just to get the dark that I couldn't get
with the regular pencil. It's a PRISMA color. A couple of the inner lines and black just to give it
some variety, right? We don't want all the
lines to be this scene. We want them to be different. I didn't do this part. I know I should've
done that in pencil, but I just had the colored
pencil in my hand. Again, this is not showing Shading and these lines
are not on the object. They're fictional
lines that you're creating to show the contour. Kind of like the way that
surface is going up and down, curving in moving knots giving
the drawing some depth. But not as much as
perspective or shading. But some, it's kinda showing you what the surface is like. I mean, I don't
think it's great, but it's an okay for a demo. I hope you understand
the concept. I'm gonna do a couple
of these lines in the black colored pencil just
to give it a little kick, you know, like just to add a
little bit of variety to it. But I'm not pressing
as hard as I was pressing on the outline. I forgot to do that
other whole time. Right here I'm gonna do one more of these. And I don't like
these lines here. I know I keep messing
with the drawing, but that's a sign that you're working on it and
that it's good. I mean, I don't show
you everything I do. It took me a really long
time to block this in. But I want these to be
more curved this way. Yeah, there we go. I'm going to erase this in drawings where
I'm not videotaping, I can mess around
with them endlessly. We go a little. I was just trying
to curve that more. I'm just trying to make
some of the areas pop out. I don't like these. So I'm going to curve these
lines on the other direction. There we go. I like that better. Not line looks a
little bit weird. I need one more line right here. So, I mean, it still
could use some editing, erasing and
redrawing, but like I don't like these lines right
here as well. Hold on. It's kinda hard to represent what's going
in and what's going out. So it's that looks a
little bit better. And maybe one of these darker. I know I keep going. I'm going to stop soon because I feel like I'm
rambling on and on, but that's the basics
of cross contour. You can do one in one direction and a two direction
on top of it, or do another 1.2 directions?
5. Hatching And Cross Hatching: Okay, so now we're
going to look at another use of line,
which is hatching. So this is just a
practice sketch exercise. So we're gonna look at three different types of
ways to use hatching. So hatching, let me go
with a darker pencil. Okay. So in Hatching, you're using
line to create shading. So if I made a value scale, so hatching is a series
of straight lines. So like in one, you could leave it
blank or you could put a series of straight lines. They're only going
in one direction and hatching into there would
be closer together. So I'm trying to make different grays with
series of lines and N3, they would be closer together. In four. They would
be closer together. Okay. And I'm just going to do,
this is not really a Drawing, this is just an exercise. So I'm gonna do a
simple sphere here. So I'm doing a circle. Just trying to get, kind of, if you wanna do a sphere and
you want a perfect circle, you can trace something that
circular or like a soda can, the bottom of a soda can. So there's my sphere. And here's my cast shadow. I'm going to use the line
to create the Shading. And you can go in any direction, but with Hatching, you're
only going in one direction. You can go diagonal, vertical, I'm gonna go diagonal. This is the dark, darker area of the circle and it's
gonna get darker. I'm just kinda blocking
in some line work. Then I'm gonna go
into the cast shadow. So these lines are at
the same diagonal. So it's light or light. This is still very light. I'm kind of adding in slowly and I'll get
darker and darker. It's lighter at the bottom. So I'm making the
lines farther apart. I'm using a middle Pencil. So this is an HB,
which to me is light. I'm also going to use a
darker pencil in a minute. That's just my first layer. So I'm gonna go into, this is a little bit
darker, so this is a B. So I'm going just
over the lines in the darker area,
making them darker. And I'm trying to have it
ease into the lighter areas Little darker on the edge. And it's kinda, it's not that
easy to show the Shading with the line, but it's easier. Just shading or cross-hatching, which we'll do next. I'm getting the to-be
for the darker areas. That's my circle and Hatching. The next one I'm gonna do is
going to be cross-hatching. So it's very similar, but the lines don't only
go in one direction. So here's 12345. So I'm going to start
out the same way. I'm using the light pencil. And then onto I'm going to still use this Pencil,
but press harder. I'm making the lines a
little closer together. Now I'm going in two directions. On this one, I'm
gonna do the same. Now I'm going in three
different directions. Okay? This is a to H, So I'm going to get the B. This can go way
darker and you could do more squares if you wanted. So I'm gonna go in
for directions here. Now that just the darker pencil made it look a lot darker. So maybe I'll do one
of these sets and the darker pencil just to kinda make it look a little
different from number two. Okay? Now in the last one, I'm gonna go in five directions. Okay? So that's cross-hatching. Basically the lines are
straight and cross-hatching. So I'm going to go back
to a light pencil. I wanna go with an HB, the two Hs, a little too light. So I'm gonna make
my circle again. I'm making this one
a little bit bigger. So now I'm going to do the same thing as
I did in this one. But I'm gonna do that circle
doesn't look quite right. I'm gonna do the lines in
more than one direction. So I like this one a lot
better than hatching, but I'm going to start
in the same way. I'm going to start doing
some diagonal lines. I'm still using a light pencil, so I may do another series of lines over these
with a darker pencil. And then I didn't put it in the cast
shadow before. So I'm gonna put
in some of these, I'm going in the
same two directions just for to make it uniform. And then when I
added a darker part, I'll add a different direction, but I'm trying to
keep it kind of uniform throughout rather than just going in any direction. I feel like going. Okay. That's not done at all, but that's my starting point. It's kind of light up here. I'm not pressing as hard. And it gets lighter
at the bottom. I did the circle a little bit bigger because there's
more Alliance. So I'm gonna get
a darker pencil. I'm gonna go, this was
an HB and this is a B. And since this area
is really dark, I'm going to start
doing a series of lines in a slightly
different direction. So you can go in as many
directions as you want. That's what's kinda the same. So I'm gonna go a little
bit more this way. This, these lines again are showing the shading
on the Drawing. I still not finished, but it's getting closer to
looking more like Shading. It's a bit time-consuming. Okay. Still needs a
little bit of work. So now I'm going to
get a darker console. I don't know about 6 ft. Let me use the tube because there are
some areas that I still want to make darker. It's okay if it turns two
areas of black because there's so many lines that often happens in
cross-hatching drawings. I'm trying to make it look like a smooth transition of shading, but with lines like this, this needs to blend into this. It's not really blending. It's kind of transitioning from one area of line to another Like those lines
right there, okay. It's a little darker at the top. You might get frustrated
while you're doing this. It's a bit time-consuming
and I feel like now I made some of
the areas too dark. So if I was going
to change them, I would have to erase and
redraw areas of line. And maybe to
emphasize because it still doesn't have the degree of darkness that I quite want. So I'm gonna get the
black colored pencil. Hey, go in the darkest
areas just too much. I'm just I'm just
talking to myself. Is that too much? Just to emphasize and make
the darkest area darker? Good pencil looks a little bit. Let me get a different pencil on the color pencil looks a
little bit maybe exaggerated. So I'm going to try
to come in there with the 6 ft to help it transition. Okay. I'm gonna leave it. I think you get the
idea that doesn't look perfect but close enough. I'm going to do also
contour hatching, which is combining cross
Contour and cross hatching. But I'm going to do
that on another video.
6. Contour Hatching: Okay, Here we're going
to do contour hatching, which is kind of a combination
of cross-hatching. I'm cross contour, so I'm gonna do something
different this time. I'm going to do a cup mug. I'm gonna draw it first. I'm using a light pencil and
I'm not really pressing hard because I'm trying to get I'm trying to make sure
that outline is right. I'm gonna come down a bit. This is the bottom. I'm going to come up. This is the top of
the cup or the mug. And how to handle I'm just making a line
to kinda help me get this shape and then
I'm gonna make it look more like the handle. You can barely see this now. That's because I wanted to
just make sure it looks right before I press harder. Sorry, this is taking
a little bit of time. Okay. So I'm pretty happy
with that as my cup. And what I wanted to do first before I put it in
the hatching is put in. I'm gonna show you how I would have the cross contour lines. So like in this direction, the cross contour lines
would be going around. I'm not gonna make
that many because I'm gonna do hatching in a second. In this direction. They would be going like this. A little bit straighter
in the middle, gets more and more. You can't really see that, but it gets more and more like
a curve towards the edge. And up here on the
inner part of the cup. The lines are going
in this direction. And then this is also curved. So like the cross contour lines, like I'm just trying to
see how I would do them. Maybe like this this line right here is like theirs. This is where it comes up and then on this
side it goes down. So I'm just going to
make that line on here. And it actually, the space
gets bigger as it comes up, it moves over as
it comes up here. So I'm moving this
line a little bit Okay, so now I'm gonna do, You can barely see that
but it will get darker. So I'm gonna do my hatching, which will be end up
being cross-hatching. But I'm gonna do it in going along with the
cross contour lines. So the lines are not going
to be straight here, they're going to be curved, and they don't have
to be this neat. You can do this quickly. But I'm just gonna do, put some in slowly. And I'm gonna go
into directions. So this is called
contour hatching. So it's both showing us the Shading and the
curve of the surface. So I'm doing some more here. You can hear some crickets in the background. I'm
sorry about that. And I'm gonna go there's
gonna be a lot more, but I'm just kinda
getting started. And then they're going
to curve along with the lines of the cross contour. And then here, I'm gonna go up this way. This is a darker areas. It's going to have more lines, but I'm just getting
some in right now. I'm going to add more later. And they can get an idea
of how I'm starting. I wanted to look at the
handle for a second. So I'm going to have them
lines kinda her around. And then in the darker areas, I'm and-a-half
them up like this. And this is just
getting started. I'm get, I'm actually going
to try to draw faster. I'm going to outline the outside actually
before I do that. This is a to B, so it's
a little bit darker. So I'm just getting the outline
nice and crisp and clear. And I also need to put
in the cache shadow. You can also combine contour lines with shading
when you do shading. So we go, That looks
a little bit better. So now I'm going to, this is the dark side of the cup or the side
that's in shadow? I just wanted to keep
the lines on this curve, but I'm trying to
put them in faster. You can go in more
than two directions. But I'm trying to
keep it maybe to two. I don't know, maybe
two or three. So you can see the curve. Can you get my lighter
pencil just to add into lines
because I feel like it's getting a bit dark. I'm trying to go with the curve. I'm lightening it up over here because the highlight
is right here. Where the, this part
of the handle curves. This part is in the light, at least for this side. And here it's going
in this directions. And the darkness
switch to this side. And I'm gonna come in
here for a minute. This needs more lines. It looks a little lopsided
in terms of the lines, but I'll try to fix that later. Getting lighter over here. And I need to get
a darker pencil. So I'm going to go
back to my Tooby and I'm going to try
to speed this up. Let's try it even darker one. This can be quite
time-consuming. And here is as well very dark. But it has a different
look than Cross Hatching. Because you're showing the contour
curves of the surface. Oops, my curbs got
a little off there. I'm trying to make
these go down. So you're seeing crossing
lines, but they're, they're crossing in the
direction of the contour. That looks a little
I don't know. It's a little bit
darker on the bottom. I'm just going to bring
in some more lines here. Here. Okay, Now it has a cache shadow. So I'm gonna kinda
hard for me to see the cast shadow because it's been all my pencils are in it. But I'm gonna kinda
make it like this. I'm trying to imitate the
shape of the cuff in some way. This is not exact because my pencils are kind
of blocking it And then for the count,
for the cast shadow, I'm gonna do cross-hatching, but I'm gonna make
the lines straight. How many get learn
Java pencil I can. And then I'm going to call
any of the colored pencil. Okay. A little bit more here
in the darkest areas. And I could go for like
another hour to perfect this. But I think you have
the idea for right now. Well, let me do I'm so picky. I'm saying let me do
a little bit more. So just a little bit
more in this white area. So as you could see, I could do this for
quite some time. I'm just trying to add
a little bit more. I could do this for
another hour or so, but I think you get the idea now. That could be perfected
and much more. But as long as you
have the general idea, I'm gonna stop the video. Now
7. Line Drawing Outro: Okay, So for this class, this is the Outro and I'm
just going to show you what you're going to upload
to the Project Gallery. So you're gonna do a cross
contour and two directions. So this, you can do
a simple object. So this is an object, it's a little more complicated, but you can do something
simpler or complicated with cross contour in either one
direction or two directions. Then you're going to do
object with hatching, which are lines in one
direction to show Shading. Then you're gonna do an
object with cross-hatching, which are lines in many
different directions to show shading. And then finally,
you're going to do an object with
contour hatching, which has which has both contour lines
and hatching lines. So there hatching lines
that are following the contour or the cross
contour of the object. You're going to upload those four drawings to
the Project Gallery
Katie McGuire
