German grammar - word order #1 the basics

1. Introduction to basic German word order: How do you hang you wolfing? No, this is not the wrong video. You are in the right video. This is about German word order. So this may seem like a strange question, but how do you have new washing like this? All neatly online T shirts together, socks impairs and together trousers together. Oh, more like this, which ever way it comes out of the basket who cast a soccer T shirt, another sock whichever way it goes. Now, when you hang your washing on the line, it really doesn't matter. It can be only a clich or it can be all mixed up. It is completely your preference. German word order, however, doesn't work like that. German would order has to be neatly like this, washing on the line, the T shirts together, the socks together and everything has his right place based on which ever rule were about to cover. One of the reasons for that is the sentences still need to make sense. Afghan English sentence Here I must walk my dog every morning at eight and I pretend that the big T shirt is either a little T shirt is must walk, etcetera, etcetera so every T shirt means a word. If I hang the washing anyway, I like my sentence could end up like this morning. I add my every walk dog must eight. No, that doesn't make any sense. What so ever? And that resembled a little bit The German word order If we don't follow the rules, there are lots of Roth's, but they do make it really easy once you pick them up. So in this begin ISS part, we're looking at a very basic sentences on. I will tell you where the subject goes or talking about the washing line. Where to hang the subject with the Virgos, where the object goes. We're also looking at time, manner, place or often People just called it TMP and we look at questions. Are you excited about this? I hope so. I see you in the next video 2. basic word order - verb in second place: One of the most important rules on German word order is that the verb always is in second place. So imagine the subject is the big T shirt on the verb is the little T shirt than the verb the little T shirt has to be. The second item on the washing line on the subject comes first, so I show you really basic sentence. Three words. Issue Heuser Angelica, a Husa subject on the verb. This high, sir. And then comes anything else. In this case, it's only Angelica because it's only a three word sentence. So I wanted to tell you the name of my daughter. I would say minor talked a heist, Katie, just to show you that, I did say earlier on the verb is in second place. It is not the second word it may be because when I said each high Sangin occur, there was only one word. But here we have two words before it, and those two words cannot be separated. My daughter is called Katie now in English. We wouldn't separate my daughter either. I wouldn't say my is called daughter Katie, and we can't do the same in in German either. I can't say minor heist talk to Katie. And if I wanted to describe my daughter on saying my beautiful daughter or my grown up the water, all those words still need to stick together because they are in first place and they cannot be separated. So minor daughter is in first place. Heist is the second place for the verb on then Katie, because again, it's a very short sentence. And that's the rule of this video. Very important. The verb is always in second place. Uh, except unless a different rule puts it somewhere else, we will cover all these roads at some stage. But the most important goal really is if there isn't another rule which you've learned, then the verb goes in second place. That was easy, wasn't it? I'll see you in the next video. 3. Questions: questions. There are two types of questions. The one type of questions with a question word who walked later on, and the other type of question is a yes, no question, because it can only be answered with yes or no. Let's have a look at questions with question words. First, there are others what we call the w words there who last what fast food. What kind off fun when woo, where war hair were from or for him, where to some movie. How we see it, how much the feeler, How many the longer, which is, how long when you're talking about the time like how long this a journey last over the long also how long? But that's the distance, like how long other goods on visible this health volume. They're only and why these are the most common ones. There are a few more, but I thought that would have come too much. If you have a question in German with a question word, then it follows the pattern as we have in the last video. The question word comes first, followed by the followed by whatever else is in the sentence on this is one of the first questions you get asked when you start learning German V high Cincy So you got your question word v verb in second place. And as it's a very short question, just the words e afterwards, Another question you learn very quickly. Veuve or Lindsay divorced A question word verb in second place. Warning. See? Where do you live? Voronin z On another question that comes up pretty quickly in textbooks Who had common Z? Where do you come from? So again, the question word is the first idea followed by the verb on the wrist Raw hair, common z And now we come to the Yes, no questions Onda also to the first exception where the verb is not in second idea anymore . No, it is now in the first place. Cincy. Pamela, we don't have a question word here. I don't have a residency or the high Cincy. We just want to know. Are you ham Mula? He would have to answer with yes or no. Yes, I am or No, I'm Mr Sensor, which means the verb is now in first place. Zind, see Pamela, instead of asking where do you live? We may think we know where this person lives. Don't you live in Berlin? Has to be answered with a yes or no. So therefore the verb is in first place Volen Z in Berlin on another one. Common Zia's England. So instead of saying, Where do you come from? Were saying they come from England. So again, the verb is the first idea Common z else. Ingla. So there we have it. Very important. Still, the verb is always in second place. But remember what I told you in the last with you. Unless there's a rule which tells you otherwise and he is the 1st 1 But it's a yes. No question then, of ah is in first place. I'll see you in the next video. 4. Time Manner Place: Time, manner, Place or TMP, as people call it often. So we already looked at the subject being the first idea, followed by the verb in the second place on Bennett's, followed by Time, Manner, place. So let's have a look at some phrases. What actually do we mean with time, manner, Place sometime. Phrases. This is when you may do something or when not like on seeing or at 10 o'clock. Emma. Always knee. Never munch My sometimes you'd Morgan Every morning could be every day, every week, day next, Istvan ender next weekend. Last weekend. Any off those done, then it's any of those phrases. And obviously lot's more member. That is how you doing something you might like doing something. Gana Ornish, Gana Mitt him out. Meeting both Smith him took whichever transporting may use McMahon, a doctor, but mine informed in with whoever. You may be doing things civilized, perhaps long, some slowly for maybe fast. Husbandly. Hopefully so those are some ideas off the manner how you are doing something on, then the place. Now that could mean the place where you're going to all the place where you are, so you may say naff Deutschland because you're going to Germany in George Land because something is happening in Germany. Indy stopped into town or in Der stopped in town. So, Hauser something. You may do it home now houses something on your way home by finding with friends or just plain dot there. So those are some ideas about the time Munna place phrases that you may use. So how does it look like here? We've got an example. Sentence is far a much moment him out or not, Deutschland so issues a subject in first place. Second place Father the verb munch my sometimes Mitt Emoto. That's the manner by car to Germany is the place you got the time manner, place, months. Schmoll met him Auto Nath Deutschland, and it's got to be in that order, unlike in English or maybe some other languages as well. We cannot swap those around. That doesn't stop Germans from doing it sometimes, though, but dramatically that would not be right. Damon is too often it formed in the sniper. So again, the first idea is the man the verbs ist oft often, so that's your time. Midpoint in with friends. That's your manner. Necn Ieper is in the pub now. I know we're talking about basic sentences, but we might want to add a bit more. Maybe he wants to drink a beer with his friends in the pub. So where does the big ago at the end? DeMann drink Munch one it pointing in deck. Nike er I'm beer. So we've got the subject in first place, followed by the verb followed by time, manner, place followed by the watch. Now, as you German improves and you start talking or writing really long sentences, sometimes it may make sense to put the what before time, manner place Another example. Kinder's Spielen Islam, Agana in garden four spot. So again, verb in second place time in some Agana the manner and Tim Garton is the place. And foosball is the what? Another one which I'm sure you will only greater managed to dent in land and years in talk with Fig Newton Deutsche. Now not every sentence, of course, has got time on a place in it, especially at the beginning, off learning German. Actually, even if you're an advanced learner, you wouldn't put a time manner in place in each sentence. So, for example, here. I have a drink again. It's a Hausa and glass vine. What's missing? Here is the time We have caught the Mana Ganda on. We have got the place to Hauser. I haven't added a time, but it's still goes. Time, manner, place or no time. So therefore manner next. And then the place The wound bed loud off the Strasser to again subject first verb in second place. No time again. But the manner loud How is he barking loudly after Strasser is the place I felt wanted to say that the dog barks. I don't know. Every morning on the street then we wouldn't have the manner but we would have a time phrase so that would have been there. Wound bed he had morning off dash Lhasa. So in this case, the time comes before the place. If I wanted to say barks loudly every morning, then that would be the owned bed time. First you didn't bob the manor next loud and in the place off dish Nasa So remember TMP time Munna place So if it's sentence says when how and where something is happening, the order always has to be time Munna place if you only have one of those in there than it's fine if you have to in there. So Owen and aware or ah, how under where? They have to be in that order. So when? Before Where? How before? Where? When? Before. How does that make sense? Yes, off course it does. I'll see you in the next video. 5. The what: Let's look at the watch in a little bit more detail where it can go on. And I'm showing you this with an English sentence. She told him that she loved him. Now you may have seen this on Facebook or somewhere on the Internet or anybody's having had English lessons. You may have seen that as well. Um, the task is to add the word only. Where should it go? And you find that you could put the word only at the beginning. Only she told him that she loved him. Nobody else. It only she she told only him that she loved him, didn't tell anybody else. She told him that she loved only him. And again I told him that she only left him nobody else. So actually, you can put the word only in front of every off these words Aunt. It may make a difference in the same sentence may make a slight difference in the sentence . It may not make any difference at all, although it makes the difference with the emphasis on the word only she told him that she loved him. She told only him that she loved him, were sort of really emphasizing that word. She told him that she loved only him. And that's the same with the what in the German sentences. So the month linked to Munch Moment pointing in that Can I pine via So we've got the standard word order, as I told you in the last video, the subject among in the beginning. Then the verb in second place strength. We've got time. Munch My the man whom it find in the sniper is the place, and the water is the beer, wine, beer, their monthly Munch Minebea amid final in Economical. No, it could still mean the same thing. It could possibly be a little emphasis on the beer. He sometimes drinks of beer with friends in the camp up. Not a wine or brandy. Oh, whiskey, Whatever. It's a beer. Damon. Drink much moment. Find nine B Index sniper. Now I could emphasize it a bit more. Their monthly much moment. Fine. I'm being in the conniver. So here the emphasis, possibly more off the friend, so it shows he's not going on his own to the pub. He's drinking with friends. Technically speaking, all three sentences mean the same thing, but the emphasis, just like the only loved him depends on how you're saying it. Think again. It's a house on glass vine. Cool drink again. I'm glass vine. So how's it both mean the same. But depending on what the conversation was beforehand, I might like to say that it is at home. I like to drink a glass of wine, or I might want to emphasize. It's just one glass of wine I like to drink at home are not two or three or 10 or a glass of beer. So this is probably one rule, which is a little bit easy going on. Often it is the way we say these sentences that it actually tells you how to emphasize it. So again, to recap if a sentence says when, how and where something is happening, that order always has to be time, manner, place. But the what usually goes after time on a place on this, you want to emphasize it more than you can move it in between as well. Who says German has to be completely rigid? Not always. I'll see in the next video 6. Different 1st idea: imagine you were going to tell me about your daily routine. Would you say something like, I get up at six. I shower at 10 past six. I have breakfast. 1/4 past six. I go to work at seven. I come home at whatever. He wouldn't start every sentence with I would you You would vary it A. To make it sound more interesting. And sometimes we start with a different words purely because we want to emphasize on it. Guess what? You can do that in German. Let's go back to this basic sentence, although when I say basic, it has got a time, manner and place in it. Defiled beard Munch Mohammadi of a doctor in concert Kvitova. So we have the subject in first place. De flow verb in second place speech time Munch, MMA dealer talkto the manner on the place in concert on the what guitarra it's imagine. We want to emphasize that sometimes she plays not all the time, not every week. Not if every day, just sometimes we can put the monkey model at the beginning. Off the sentence. What happens to the verb Munch March? Beauty deformity are talked. I'm concerned get taller, the verb stays in second place on. We just moved the flow after the verb and then the rest, as it was before, still in the same order. We haven't got the time after the far, but we still got the manner and the watch. I'm sorry, the place and the watch. So if I wanted to emphasize its with her daughter, not with her son or husband or a friend, it's with her daughter. She sometimes plays in a concert. Yeah, Mitty ever talkto beautif How much Melin concert guitar So we know, emphasizing the manner of us in the first place, followed by the verb speared on the rest of the sentence. Defour munch mild in concert guitars for wanted to emphasize its at the concert in concert . Beautiful Munch Moment and I talked any tougher. The verb is still in second place on, we could even emphasize its guitar that she's playing and not the piano or the violin or triangle get hover. Beautiful Munch moment of a doctor in concept. So whichever one goes to the front, that's what we're emphasizing home. It is still followed by the verb in second place, and then the rest of stays following the rules. If you have got a time phrase in there that comes first, followed by a manner, if there is one, followed by the place and possibly the what as well your turn. Lana didn't talk much and delicate. So how's it, George? Right. Emphasize that you do this every day, not just once a week. How would you say it? And the answer is you didn't talk. Land ish Met Angelica. So how's the torch now? Emphasize that you do this with me and not another tutor. How would you say then on the answer is Mittag Ilinka land hidden, Talked to House of Deutsche. Okay, now tell me that you do this at home and not at school on. The answer is so housing, land a heating. Talk me Tanganyika, which and the last one in my ice do most important. One off course. New. Please emphasize that it's German. You learn and not another language. There's the answer. Deutschland a huge, intact meat and get it cut two houses. Of course, the sentences apply to other languages as well, but we won't mention them. So again, whatever you're emphasizing is at the beginning off the sentence, followed by the verb in second place, followed by the subject. If that wasn't the first thing and followed by any possible time, manner, place and what? One more little thing. What about if we have to? Time phrases? One possibility is landing in tact. Saying me Norton, Mid angular cut. So how's the deutsche? So we have the more broadly time phrase first year in Tark and then we're narrowing it down a bit to 10 minutes. Seeing me, Norton who? You could do it like this. You even talk, Lana is. And then we just go with the time on a place. Same inordinate Angelica to Hauser. Deutsche. So for sentence starts with a time manner, place or watch, the verb still has to be in second place. That wasn't that difficult, was it? Take a break from learning German with Angelica. I'll see you in the next video. 7. Modal verbs & future tense: So what happens to the word order if we using motive herbs or the future tense going back to a basic sentence? Defrost beard media, a doctor in concert guitar and a reminder off the modal verbs. There are more diverse because they need a second verb cause doof in is to be allowed to do something. But we need to saying what action were allowed to do. I'm allowed to What, Kernan? To be able to do something. Listen to have two or maybe even two. You must do some things. Ahlen ought to do something volunteer. You want to do something? Those are the proper motive. Urtz must in can be used without a second verb, but it gets normally used just like a motor. Lovas. Well, when you would like to do something, So how do you think the sentence would be if you wanted to say the woman would like to play guitar with her daughter in a concert? I'll show you if how Muster media talked a in concert Katele ish feeling. So the murder of Herb goes into the second place Onda. Whatever the second verb is. Whatever action it is that the woman wants to do or has to do or is allowed to do whichever motive. What we need goes to the end of the sentence or when you're more advanced to the end of the clause in the infinitive. So it's not spilled anymore. It's spielen, and that still applies. If you're emphasizing to something else, munch much be a deformity. I talked to him Concert Q Tower. That was a sentence we had earlier on. And if she sometimes wants to do that, Munch, my mustardy former Villa talked a guitar Ashby, so the rule is still exactly the same. Except it's the motive. Herb that goes in second place are we now need to put the second verb the end of the sentence in the infinitive. What about the future? Tense? Come back to the original sentence. We now want to saying that she will play with her daughter, and now we need vanden plus the infinitive and probably guess that it's going to be she feeling at the end again. And you're absolutely right. The fall V it middle. A doctor in concert guitars, feeling next to Vukovich deformity, talked a guitar spielen. Now, if you have done my course about the future tense or if you've learned it anyway, you know that when you have a time phrase in there. Technically speaking, you don't need to put VAT plus the infinitive so you could have just as easily said next The walkers should be a deformity and talk to get tougher. But sometimes we just want to emphasize. I know she didn't play the guitar this week, but she will definitely going to do this next week. OK, over to you again. Lanny. You contact me. Don't really cut. So houses deutsche say that you want to learn German every day, emphasizing that you want to do that with Angelica and nobody else. It's a bit more tricky now, isn't it? If you haven't got the answer yet Pause because I'm about to reveal the sentence, emphasizing you do this with Mace. Omit Angelica. Want to village? If he didn't hurt Deutsche Slamon, Isn't that a beautiful sentence? Okay, say that you were allowed to learn German every day. That's your emphasis. And again I'm about to reveal the sentence every day. So you didn't talk Dass Deutschland. No. Emphasize that at home you have to learn German every day. Onda about to reveal the sentence if you're not ready. Pause. So we're emphasizing at home Said so, Hauser, You have two missing. So So, Hauser. Most here intact. Deutschland on the last one emphasized that its German you can learn every day. So we've got the German is the emphasis and you can learn it every day on the answer for this one iss deutsche kind of heerden talk Landon. Right now Can you translate? We will learn German with Angelica. Everyone get nine oclock. Can I give you a bit of time? And if you're not ready, then pause again because I'm about to show you a possible answer. Start with we because that's how we're out in the English sentences. Well, via Vanden yet more intercom nine War Meet Angelica Deutschland. So I started for the subject, then weapon second place. But because its future tens, we've got the very in in second place and the land and at the end, Valionis followed by the two time phrases the more broadly one, the Monday first followed by nine o'clock because that's a bit more exact. The manner met Angelica and the what? Which is storage. And of course, you could have also said you'd Montag van via online or met Angelica Deutschland unless it in this video. So to recap again, if a sentence has a motive, Herb the motive Herb is in second place on the second verb goes to the end off the sentence or in more advanced sentences to the end of the clause in its infinitive. And that also applies to future 10 sentences. So the vanden goes in second place on the second verb, it's at the end in its infinitive. 8. Perfect tense: Okay, let's have a look at the perfect tens now. A little bit beforehand. If you are an absolute beginner off German, you probably wouldn't have learned about the perfect tense yet. If that is the case, then don't worry about this video. And it is only a short one anyway. Too much. What's it? Just so that you get a head start. And you already know about the word order when you do come to learn about the perfect ends . Otherwise, don't worry about it too much. What happens to the word order? In the perfect tense, it follows the same pattern. Except this time we have the form off Harbin or design in the first place. Sorry. In the second place, Not in the first place. So D FAO Hat media talked a in concept guitar. Gosh, Huge. So just like it was in the present tense. We still have them. Time, manner, place. Oh, no, We haven't got the time in here this time. But the subject is in the first place. And then the Harbin or in this case of the hatch, then we have the manner, the place, the watch and the past participle goes to the INGE on this A bit on mend earlier on. If you don't know anything about the past tens, this probably looks really confusing to you And don't worry about it. When you do learn about the past tense or the perfect tense. In this case you will learn about past participles and you will learn about sentences going with Harbin or design. But at the moment I'm only concerned about the word order to the Harbin sentence. Onda show you one with Zain which in this case, tennis east If how ist Medina torta is concept Gungan. So again, the list is in second place on the past Participle goes to the INGE And again if we're emphasizing on something like sometimes the woman did something She played the guitar with her daughter Same rule Munch mild comes first than the hat in second place deformity. I talked to get Tala Gish beard. So for those who are okay with a perfect tense, how would you say we have learnt German with Angelica yesterday? If you haven't learned the perfect tense yet, then don't worry about it too much. You can have a look at the sentence anyway But if you don't know it, it doesn't matter. You were recognized a word order. But those who have you got the answer. I'll show it to you. The Harvin guest on mid Anglican Dutch Gallant. So the Harbin is in second place. We have a time. Guess done. We have a manner. Met Angelica. We have what? We don't have the place. But we've got the what? Deutsche on the past. Participle is at the end. So in the perfect tens Thehyperfix design the formal Farben on Zain is in second place and the past participle goes to the end off the sentence or later on, when you really advanced to the end off the close and that's it about the perfect heads. 9. Separable verbs: And what about separable? Verbs like Alstyne often means to get up, but we don't say it. Elf, dear, we say, Steer off. So the stem off the verb, the stair comes first, and then the elf. No, we don't often just have thes short sentences. Normally, we say when we get up. So where does the rest off the sentence go? You can probably guess unless you already know. Anyway. It's stay in mom's ex whore house, so the verb the stem is in second place steer. Then comes. Whatever else we may want to say in this case, off got to time phrases in there could have been something else, and the south goes to the end off the sentence or later on the end, off the clothes. And again, if I wanted to emphasize that I do this every morning so I could stop the sentence with year on Morgan, then we have the verb steer issue on sexual health. How would you say I will arrive in Berlin by car tomorrow and arrive is theseventies verb, which is uncommon on about to reveal the sentence. It's comma Morgan, me tomato in very lean on. So here we actually have a sentence with time on a place. So if subject first comma, which is a stem off the verb uncommon Time Morgan manner made him out to in Berlin, in Berlin, the place and on at the end, or if he wanted to use the proper future tens is very Morgan made him out to in Berlin. Uncommon. Then we put it back together in the infinitive. I think this is probably the shortest video, several of herbs half the stem in second place, and the prefix goes to the end of the sentence or later on, when you have longer sentences to the end off the clothes and that's see under this very short video. 10. Recap basic word order: So let's do a quick recon up off the word order in basic sentences because that's all we looked at at the moment. Basic sentences on the most important rule is that the verb is always in second place. I know, I know. Not always. If there is no rule than the verb is always in second place, If there is a rule, it may not be. And we've looked at one of those which are the yes, no questions. So harm Ziona moons in valuing Commons E. Else, England. That is an exception. You will come across as you you're German improves. You will come across more advanced features. Andi Mawr exceptions more rules with a purpose not in second place. But the most important one is if there isn't another all the verb is in second place. We've learned about time, man, A place on the watch. We've learned that if you have got a time a manner under place in your sentence, then they have to be in that order. Although not every sentence has got all three. The watch can go in various places depending on what you want to emphasize on. You can also start a sentence with any of these, but bearing in mind that the verb still has to come in second place, we looked at motive herbs on the future tens. In each case, you're having the motive, herb, on the form of a sudden in the second place, where the verb ASUs on the second verb goes to the end off the sentence in the infinitive again as you German progresses and you're coming across more advanced sentences. More complicated sentences than this rule applies to the end off the clothes rather than the end of the sentence. So there will be a comma or a colon instead of a full stop that also applies to the perfect tense, perfect tens. Remember again, it's a form of Harbin or resign, and the past participle on the been carbo RV isn't or whichever one you need is in the second place, where the verb is in second place and the past participle goes to the end of the sentence or letter on the end off the clothes. And that also applies to separable verbs. He has got a separable verbs. The prefix goes to the end off the sentence or clause and that's it. That's only the basic stuff you need to learn as you German improves on dure, talking about more or your writing more complicated senses. Then there are a lot more rules. But for the time being, just enjoy that. You do know the basic German word order books, and in your project there is a worksheet that you can do.