Transcripts
1. Design for Laser Cutting: Hi everyone, I'm Lorna and I will be your instructor. Years ago, got access to a laser gooder through my university where I studied industrial design. At first, I avoided using it because I had no idea how to create models for the leisure color. However, over the first year, more and more of my fellow students are using the laser cutter Prototypes and there are amazing designs motivated me to start learning to use the laser cutter myself. I will start by one of the other students to use a 2D software like Adobe Illustrator or Inkscape. This, we're just fine for some simple designs. But when I wanted to make some more interesting or complicated designs, creating the 2 D file started taking ages and worst. The design often didn't even work right the first time I got it's causing me to have to redo the gut, ghosting me time and money. Luckily, I found a better methods. Around the halfway through my second year, I started using 3D modeling programs to design for 3D printing. And I noticed how this process was Wave faster, easier, and even a lot more fun. Then the process I use when designing for later grading in the 2D softwares. I wondered if it would not be possible to design for later getting using these 3D modelling programs. And sure enough, not only was it possible to use these programs, I was able to create amazing designs that would never have been possible using a 2D software. I get developing the skill throughout university and I have now graduated industrial design specializing in 3D modelling. And I am now working on a couple of businesses where I heavily used 3D modelling in my design, one of which is a laser good lamp business. In this course, I want to share my methods and techniques for designing for leisure girding with you all. I will take it through a series of practical lessons which will take you from a beginner or completely inexperienced person like I was in my first year in college, to a confident 3D laser good designer with the tools to turn your ideas to reality. We're going to use a powerful, widely used 3D modelling software called Fusion 360. And the best part about fusion 360 is that it is free to download and use for students and hobbyists. So in this course, we first get danceable with Fusion 360 and the fundamentals of 3D modelling. Next, we start creating designs which we can actually laser good and use our showed two basic methods of designing the bottom-up and top-down approach. I will teach you what barometric product modelling is and why it is especially powerful and designing for laser cutting. Next, I show you how to incorporate movement in your design. I also take the time to show you how to design for foldable materials like garb boards, as you can see in this laptop stand design. Finally, I go over some information regarding the DXF files. We will use an exporting our 3D design in a format that you can actually later cuts. So I encourage you to enroll in my course, and I promise you if you finish this course, you will be fully confident to use this new skill and create some amazing designs. Let's begin.
2. Download and Install Fusion 360: Hi everyone. So before we get started on fusion, we first need to download and install fusion 360. So to do so, simply go to Google and type in Fusion 360 and hit Enter. Click the link that takes you to an Autodesk site. Then once you get to the website on the top right, you can select Free Trial. Fusion is free if you're a student or a hobbyists. And here you can select which one of those applies to you. So if you're a student, you can go ahead and click students here. And if you're a hobbyist, you can click hobbyists. And after clicking either of these, you will be asked to create an account. And if you click students who have to confirm this by selecting your university and after you've done so, you can download and install fusion. Remember fusion words on either Apple or Windows. So download version that applies to you see you infusion.
3. 1 user interface: Awesome, So you've made it to fusion. Now before we start getting into designing for leisure Gooding, let me first explain the user interface so you feel a bit more comfortable within Fusion 360. So on the top left here, we have the data panel where your Fusion files are organized and we restart projects which are basically folders that halts related fusion files. Typically you can just leave this close as you won't need it and it will only take up screen space. So next to the data panel, we find file where you can open save and export files. As you can see here next up debts. We have the save button and the undo and redo buttons, which kind of speak for themselves. Then here you can find the name of the file you're working in. So now it's untitled because you haven't created that file yet. And then on the right here, you can close the file you are in, which again, won't do anything right now because we haven't opened the file yet. Then next it across to close the file. There's a plus here to open a new design and Fusion 360, you can actually work in multiple designs at the same time, unlike other 3D modelling platforms, which is really powerful. So let's close one of those and excellent Plus we find extensions which are basically add-ons that you can download, which are made by other people. Next to that you find job status, which is for working with other people, which you can also do in Fusion 360. Then there is the help button, and then you'll find your name with account info and preferences. So then at the top left here, you can find the workspace you are in. We are now in the design workspace, and this is where we spend most of our time. So as you can see, we have designed, there's also generative design which isn't available yet. Then there's Render Animation Simulation manufacturer and drawing. And we'll spend some time and render that most of our time, as I said, we'll spend in the design workspace. So next to the Workspace button we finds create sketch. The way most 3D modelling softwares work is you start off by creating 2D geometry and a sketch or drawing. Then you use create tools to create 3D geometry from this 2D sketch. Then there's modifying, which you can use to modify the 3D shape you have created. Then next to this Create Sketch, Create Geometry and modify. There's also the assemble, construct, inspect, insert, and select the options, which we will talk about later in the course. But for now, let's walk through this cycle of grade sketch grid geometry and modify. So let's start by hitting Create Sketch. So once we've selected Create Sketch, fusion is going to ask us to select a 2D plane on which we can create our 2D sketch. So let's let the ground plane for now. As you can see, that brought us to a new menu. This is the Create Sketch menu. On the top left here, you can find all kinds of 2D geometry to include in your sketch. Lines, rectangles, circles, arcs, polygons, and just other 2D geometry. Let's start with a rectangle for now. If you hover over rectangle, you can see there's three options, and these are all normal rectangles, but the method of creating them differs between them. Let's select the two-point rectangle for now. So it's now going to ask us to place the first of the rectangles somewhere. Let's use the origin for debts, which you can see here. So let's place the first right there by clicking there. And we don't have to hold down the left mouse button. We can just click once and release it. And then we can click somewhere, wherever you want for the second. So let's do something like that. Let's click right there. And as you can see that immediately turn blue, signifying that it is a profile. A profile as an enclosed piece of sketch geometry. And profiles are important because they can be used to create 3D geometry. So if it's not enclosed, it wouldn't turn blue and it wouldn't be a profile. So let me show you if you go up here to line tool. And we create some geometry like this. This is not an enclosed space of sketch geometry because it's still open here. But as soon as I close it, by selecting the line tool, it does turn blue, and that is a profile now which we can use for 3D geometry. So let's delete this by hitting Control Z a bunch of times. There we go. And now let's make this original rectangles slightly more interesting. So let's grab the rectangle tool again. And it said the first on this edge of the rectangle. So let's click it there. And it's ragged doubts. And instead of clicking somewhere, we can also type in the exact value we want. So let's make the height of this rectangle five millimeters. And it said DEP to select the second dimension. And at set that to 40. And it says Enter. As you can see that place it there and we now have these dimensions here that we just typed in. So that's it for this sketch. Let's hit Finish Sketch Up here. And that will bring us back to the original menu. So now we have a piece of sketch geometry we've used to create sketch tool. Now, we can actually create 3D geometry using this sketch. And for the easiest way to create 3D geometry, let's say extra roots, which is basically just going to give a height to it profile. So we can select profiles by clicking it. And we can select disbarred, for example. And we can also click it again to de-select it. Like that. Let's only select this part for now. And let's drag that up five millimeters. So you can drag it up here using this arrow. But you can also dive with just typing five. So that looks good. Let's hit. Okay. And there we go. That's already a 3D body created. And now we've gone through this cycle. Partly, we have created a sketch, we have greater geometry and now we can modify this geometry. So let's, for example, give a radius to some of these edges by head into fillets to right here. So now we can select an edge that is straight, for example, this edge. And we can drag it inwards to give it a radius. Or we can also type India jet radius we want here. But let's first select this edge as well. There we go. Now we can give them both the same radius. So that's rather than something like fats, the ellipse goods. Now if we wanted to give some other edges at different radius, we could go up here to the fill its panel and click plus. And if you wanted to, for example, give this edge. And the edge below, it's that one, a different radius. You could drag that in words. And it will look something like this. However, if you wanted to actually laser good, This BCE, this wouldn't be possible. I will explain this in the next video. But in leisure Gooding, you only have two degrees of freedom. So you can make all these lines perfectly and drink and also make this round here. But you cannot create a rounded edge like this with a laser cutter. So let's undo that for now by going up here to the battle, selecting those two edges, we add a last and clicking the cross here to remove them. There we go. So let's only do these two edges and hit, Okay? All right, so now that we have 3D geometry, Let's talk about navigation. At the top right here we have the view cube, which you can hold the left mouse button and drag it around to orbit around the design. And you can also do this by going down here and hitting the orbit tool. You can escape the orbit tool by head into scrolling wheel. And you can hold to the scrolling wheel to ban around to design. And you can also Ben by clicking the hand down here and holding your left mouse button. And again, you can escape this by clicking the scrolling wheel. At the view cube here, you can click a face to go orthogonal to that face, as you can see there. And you're going to click the arrows here to go orthogonal to a different phase. Like that. You can go back to the normal view by clicking the Home icon at the top right next to the view cube. Like so. And you can also get there by double-clicking the scrolling wheel. Like so. You can also go orthogonal two planes by clicking the Add button right here. So if you click look at, and we then click a face, for example, this phase, you will get a view orthogonal to it. And again, we can double-click scrolling wheel to come back to the home view. So that's a little bit about navigation. There's two more things I want to show you guys. First at the top left here, we find the browser, which is where you can find all the items present in the current file. So we have bodies here. This body, for example, and the sketch we made. And next to each of these items, citizen i icon. And you can use this to, toggle the visibility of the object. So you can toggle the visibility of this body, for example. And the sketch is disabled now. And if we click it, we can see it again. And then finally down here, we find the history bar or the timeline, which is where we can find all the edits and features and steps we've executed throughout the design. And you can also scroll back in the time and edit things. For example, if you go back to this extra routes, we can edit it by double-clicking it. And we can change this extrude to be Dan high, for example, and hit Enter. And then we can go back to the present and the edits we made afterwards if we did it properly, will also update with that. And now we can see the body of course, because we just disable the visibility. So let's click that I inexorably one. And there we can see it. So that's it for this lesson. In the next lesson, I will give you an introduction on designing for leisure getting. See you there.
4. 2 laser cut intro: All right guys, welcome to the next lesson. Now that we feel bit more comfortable within fusion, we can actually start talking about laser cutting. In this lesson, I will give an introduction on designing for leisure grading. It is possible to design for leisure Gooding using 2D softwares like Adobe Illustrator. These programs might be a bit more accessible, but they don't allow you to see the end product. And that makes grading more complex shapes or changing something, do the design very difficult or even impossible? That is why I referred 3D modelling softwares like Fusion 360 to give you an idea of the possibilities. These are a few of the lamps I've created for a laser good lamb business I am currently working on. This one uses an icosahedron, as you can see here, as a fundamental shape. And this is what the finished product looks like. This is another example of a lamp I've created and it uses a bit more of a standard way to use laser getting. It is based on the Klein bottle shape, which you can see here. And this is what the design looks like once it is cut out and put together. So before we start modeling for laser cutting ourselves, let's talk about the constraints we encounter when designing for leisure getting. First of all, PR components, you only have two degrees of freedom. This is why it is possible to design for leisure Gooding using 2D programs. So to get Gould 3D objects, you will need to combine the flat pieces. Disbarred, for example, is possible, but this part isn't. The degrees of freedom also means that you are stuck with a certain thickness of a material. This thickness is typically constant across species. This Klein bottle lamp, for instance, consists out of pieces that all have the thickness of three millimeters. So it can be good out of the same plate of food. And other constraint is that the design needs to be able to be put together. These rings, for example, will not fit together while these with one of them having an open gap in it will fit together. Finally, you also need to take the laser cutter you have access to into account. The size of the cutting boards will decide how big your pieces can be. Those are some of the major constraints besides limiting you, they also force you to be creative in your designing and modeling. Now let's also look at some ways of connecting leisure goods pieces together. The easiest connection is we're both pieces are orthogonal to one another. And we're both pieces have a gap that is just as big as the thickness of the pieces as you can see demonstrated on screen here. The second type of connection can be seen here. Although disconnection is less strong, it is still used a lot and often a little bit of glue is used to keep the secured in place. Next, there's this kind of connection which uses separate connector pieces to connect two parts. The benefit of this type of connection is that you can put the two pieces at an angle that is not 90 degrees. Those are the most commonly used connection methods, but there are many more interesting and creative ways to get exactly what you need, like the example on screen here. So I assume most of you have access to a laser cutter and that's why you enrolled in this course. But if you don't have access to one, you can still get your designs made online. There are many companies where you can have your designs skirts, just Google for one near you. So if you come up with a cool design, you can have it produced by one of these leisure good businesses and just start selling them. That is it for this introduction. In the next lesson, we will actually put this reuse and create our first leisure credible design. See you there.
5. 3 Lasercut box 2D method new: Hey guys, welcome to the next lesson. In this one, we're going to create our first laser gullible design. And we're going to start easy, we're doing to create this books. So let's get into it. So let's start by adding Create, Sketch, and let's select the ground plane. We're first going to make the sketch for the bottom plate of the box. So for that, let's go up here to rectangle. And here on the right of the screen we have the sketch ballads. And right there we can also select a different type of rectangle that we want to use. So let's now use a center point rectangle. Let's click that. And the center point rectangle is going to first ask us to select the center point of the rectangle. And for that, Let's select the origin. Let's click that. And now we can drag it out to the size we want, but we can also type in the exact value. So let's make that 100th and that's a depth to go to the next dimension. And let's make that two hundredths. And let's hit Enter. So we can now actually already extrude this. So let's hit Finish Sketch. To do so. Let's click Extrude here on the top-left. And let's make the thickness of this three millimeters. And that's it. Okay. And by the way, I am working in millimeters and you can change that up here on the top left in the browser, you go to Document Settings and it says units millimeters. And you can change this by clicking here. And even if you do prefer working in inches, it might be useful for you to select millimeters as well, just to follow along. All right. So we have the BLM plates of the box don't now, but there aren't disconnected pieces on the sides here yet, so that the other side's can fall into those. So let's go back and at first sketch and make those. You can actually go back in a sketch by double-clicking it like this. So if we go up here under Modify, we can find the offset tool. And if we click it, we can now click some geometry, for example, this rectangle. And we can give that an offset to our choice. And since we just use a thickness of three millimeters, Let's make this offset three millimeters as well. So let's type in three and hit Enter. There we go. Now we have the stroke here where the connector pieces are going to be. But it doesn't divide it up in separate sections yet, which is what we want. So to do that, Let's grab the line tool. And we want this to be symmetrical on the even. So to get that, you can hover over this line and want to find the midpoint. You see this triangle right here. So that means it's the center of this line. So we can click that and drag it across. And there we go. That place a line exactly in the center there. And let's do that. All runs. So let's find the center and this line. Let's click there and they're here as well. Click theorem there. And down here as well. There we go. Now let's also add some lines in these corners. So there and there, there and there. And let's do that all around as well. All right, so each of these strokes are now divided into pieces, but let's make that four. So let's add some lines here, there and there. And we actually want this line to be in the middle of this line and this line again. So to do that, since this is 100th and this is going to be 50. So we want this line to be 25 millimeters from the center here. That would place it exactly at 1 fourth. And as you can see, there's this dimension here. And you can actually add these dimensions yourself. If you go up here to create all the way down, it says sketch dimension. But I'll probably keep calling them smart dimensions because I'm used to that from SolidWorks. So let's click Smart Dimension or sketches I mentioned. And let's select this line. And let's select this line as well. To set the distance between those lines. And we can click now and type in the object value we want that to be. So let's type in 25 and it's hit Enter. And then to the same on the other side here. So let's grab a line. Let's set that from there to there. And instead of going up here to click Smart Dimension, we can also press D to get the smart dimension tool. So let's click this line and this line. And it's click that. And let's type in 25 and it says Enter. Alright, now we can do the exact same thing we did here on this site. We can also mirror these lines over to the other sides. But for that we first need a mirror line. So if we go up here to line, we can create a line in the center, which we can then use to mirror these lines over to the other side. And since we only use this line as a reference, we can go in here to the sketch ballads and click construction. The construction line is a dotted line, as you can see here. And it cannot be used to create 3D geometry. So it is only used a sketch references. So let's delete that. And it's grabbing construction line. And let's make a line from the origin year exactly downwards, vertically. There we go. And now we can go up here to the left and we hit mirror. It's going to ask us for objects. And the objects we want to mirror are going to be these lines. So this line and this line. And then it's going to ask us to select a mirror line, which we've just created right here. So let's click that. And it places those two lines right there. If we hit, Okay, there we go. And it's also divide these top strokes into four rather than two. So let's grab the line tool. There and there. Whoops. Construction still selected as you can see here. And now this is a little line, but you can actually change this if we click this line, selecting it, and we'd click construction, it will turn into a normal line again. And now let's de-select construction. And it's also define this line to be energetically 1 fourth here. So let's say D for Smart Dimension, select this line, select the center line. There we go. And since this was 200th, this is going to have to be 50 to be on exactly 1 fourth to enter. And we can now even mirror this line over to this side. If we click Mirror, select this line. Select the mirror line we just made. And that's it. Okay? And now we can do the same thing with these lines to mirror them over to this other sides. So if you click line again, it's construction. Create a horizontal line which you can then use to mirror. And we can click Mirror, select these lines, this line and this line, and mirror it over to the other sides. And it's click. Okay, That's it for now. We can now actually finish the first part. So if we hit the extrude, you can see this line is not visible right now, so we can go into a browser and click the eye next to sketch one to make it visible again. And adults lead one out of every two of these profiles. So this one, not this one, this one. And then here Let's grab the corner piece as well. And this one there, that one. Let's grab this corner piece as well. That one, that one. And let's select this corner piece also. And then again, give it a height of three millimeters, just like the bottom plate already was. And now this is automatically going to be set to join because this geometry that we want to extrude touches and other body and then fusion will automatically think we want this to join together, which is exactly what we want. So let's hit okay. And that's the bottom blade done. All right, so now there are two ways we can go about creating the sides of the books. The first is to create them laying flat next to the first piece, like so. And the second is to construct the other pieces in place such that we end up with the books already put together. I got a first approach to 2D method. Is this the same approach you would use when working on a duty software and logically, the second approach is called a 3D methods. Let's first create the books using the 2D methods. And in the next lesson, I will show you the 3D method so you understand when to use which of the two. Alright, so for the 2D methods, we basically have to create the other pieces in the same sketch we made the first one. So let's go to sketches and double-click that sketch to edit it. And we can now later site pieces here, here, here, and here for all four of the side pieces. So let's grab a rectangle. And it slipped the first here in the corner. And let's set the height of the books to be about 70. And the width should be the same as the bottom, which is 200th, that we added these edges here, which adds six millimeters. So it's going to be 20626. There we go and let's hit Enter. All right, so now we also need the strokes here to serve as the connectors and actually disrobe at the bottom. We can reuse. So we only need these strokes on this side and this side. And this is going to be the top of the books and isn't going to be a lead. So this can just say flats. So we only need two lines here on the sides. So let's grab the line tool and let's go from there straight up to there. And same on the other sides there. And let's divide that by finding the center 0.2 equal pieces. There we go. And on this side as well, from there to there. All right, so that's already the sketch from one side BCE. We can actually mirror this over to the other sides, and that will give us the second side BCE. So let's click mirror. And we already have this mirror line that's still in the center so we can reuse it. So let's select this line, this line, the small line near as well. Stop line. And these lines, There we go. Mirror line, as I said, we can use this line. And that's going to place it exactly where we want it sort of hit. Okay? And then let's make one of these sites pieces. Let's go to the rectangle again. Click the first there. Set the height of that rectangle to 106 because it's 100th plus the 2 times the 3 millimeters. So it's 1, 0, 6. And this height is going to be 70 again. And hit enter. Now let's add in these lines here as well on the site. Click there and there. And it's at the center lines there. And there. There we go. No gum mirror this over to the other side as well. So let's click mirror and select this geometry. We can also drag like that to select them all at once. That's it. Select for the mirror line and let's select this line and places it there right where we wanted into the game. And now this is a sketch for the entire books don't. So let's hit Finish Sketch. And we can now extrude these altarpieces. Let's click Extrude, and let's select this parts. Let's select this piece and this piece. And let's select this part and here, this parts as well. And then we can do the other pieces at the same time. So we can select this part and this part here. Because if we select this profile, it's going to go light with this part. So we don't want that. So we have to select this one here and select that parts. And that barks. And it's like that part there. So we have to select this part here, this part, this part, and then select this part here. So we have to select this one here. And this one, this one, actually this one as well. And that one and here, the bottom one, because here we took the upper one. And then we can set the height to three millimeters. And here it's going to be set to join because again we have touching geometry. So fusion is going to assume we want this to join 21 big BCE, but we don't want that now. So instead of join, Let's hit new body. And since these profiles don't touch each other, it's going to give us four separate new bodies. And said, okay. And if we go into bodies, we can see we have now the bottom and the sides here. All right, so now we have all the pieces, but we don't have a bookshelf because it's not put together yet. So let's actually put it together. If we go up here, we can find the Move Copy tool and we can click it and make sure this is set to bodies because we want to move bodies. And we can click one of these sites here. So that's like this 1 first. And we can drag that our way from the Roland Barthes. And let's hit okay. And we can now go to modify and click a line for the alignment tool. And if we now click, for example, this part. Let me bend around to the parts that is supposed to be connected to, which is right here. That places it there again. But now we can actually go to this Align panel and click angle here. And that's going to turn it 90 degrees. So there we go. And it could also be that we need to click a couple more times, although it went fine the first time now. But as you can see, that places it right where we want it. So that's it. Okay? And do those same steps first moving it away so we can see the face that we want to align using Move Copy. Let's try that away a little bit. Hit, Okay. Then grab the align tool, select this face and the corresponding face on the other side. Just going to be here, oops. Right there. And unset angle to put it in place. Right? And x2 for the others as well. And there we go. That's our first leisure good design done. So the reason I assembled the books is just to see whether I hadn't made any mistakes. And now we can see that everything fits perfectly. But now all we have is a 3D model of a laser good books. But we don't actually have a fall yet, which we can later goods. So the way you can create files which you can actually leisure good infusion is by exporting a sketch to a DXF file. The accept files are widely used for laser Gooding and you can also open them on softwares like Illustrator. So what we need is a sketch with the sketch geometry that will form this books. And it might seem we could just use sketch one for depth. However, if we look at sketch one and if he would actually leisure goods, all these black lines, you would get a lot of separate pieces because this line, for example, we don't need. So we need a new sketch with only the lines, only the sketch geometry that we actually need. So let's create that sketch. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And down here in the timeline, we can scroll back to before we assembled the books. So right there. And now we can hit Create Sketch and create a new sketch on the same plane, on the bottom plane. So let's de-select body so we can actually select it. So let's split grounds plane. And this is a new sketch. And now let's re, select the visibility of the bodies because we are actually going to project these surfaces of these parts into this sketch. So the way you do that is you go up here to create an almost at the bottom, it says project slash includes, and we can select the top part here from the drop-down menu. It says Projects. Let's click that. And now we can select surfaces, which we will then project into this sketch. So let's select all of these sets, all those faces selected, we can now hit, Okay. And now if we deselect the visibility of the bodies, we can see the sketches here with exactly the lines that we will need still remain. So we can now hit Finish Sketch. And now you can see here a sketch to this is the file that we want to export and actually leisure goods and that will give us the nice books. So to actually export it, you can simply hit the right mouse button on Sketch do and click save as DXF. This opened up a folder on your computer and you can just save it wherever you want. So that's it for the Doody method of creating the books. In the next lesson, I will show you how to create it in a 3D method. See you there.
6. 4 Lasercut box 3D method: Hey guys, welcome to the next lesson. And this one I will show you the 3D approach to creating the books. So in the 3D approach, we create the ends product immediately. So we don't first make the loose parts that we then put together, but we model all the boards such that they are already put together. If this is not entirely clear yet, it will be after this video. So let's get started. So we, we're back at the books and only the bottom of the box is done yet. So if we go to the sketch, we can see we only have this sketch. We don't have the sketch of all the other parts here, but we can actually use this first sketch to already create the size pieces. So let's de-select the visibility of this body for a second. And we can hit Extrude. And let's start with the sides. So we can just click all these profiles on the side here. Whoops, not that one. That one and that one and add to the other sides at the same time. So let's take this one as well. All these profiles. And the height was 70 millimeters. So let's drag that up to a height of 70. And we can see it now because we have bodies de-selected. Let's take a look. So what you see here is that this extrude turns red. And that is because we have overlapping geometry here. And if we drag this downwards, you can see there is a part of this body that's in the way of this extrude. And that overlapping geometry makes fusion thing that we want to gut, which is also something you can do with extrude. So if you go up here and the extrudes panel, you see the operation is now automatically set the gut. But we can just change that to new body because we want these sites to be separate parts. So let's set that and then we can drag that up 70. As I said, for the height of the books. And then that's it for now. So let's hit okay. And that already looks like the side pieces are kind of dumb. And right here it's even seems like disconnected parts are already the way they are supposed to be, but they are not yet. So if I click Move and I select this body for a seconds and I drag it up. You can see that this is just overlapping here. It doesn't fit together properly. Yes. And there's a really easy way to fix that. So that's it. Cancel on this move. And we can go in and modify. There's this combined function. And combined can be used to put multiple bodies together to one body. So if I were to select all three of these and the operation is joined, this will make one big body out of this. We don't want that right now. So let's de-select that. And instead what we want is cut. So if we select that and we want to get in this body, because we want to create holes in this body so that it will fit in this bottom part exactly. So if you select this polyester darted body, and for the two-body, we select the bottom part. That is going to get away exactly the bards that we need. And then here in the combined panel there's two checkboxes, new components and keep tools, new component you can keep unchecked, but keep tools you actually have to check. Because now it sees this bottom part as a tool. And if you don't have keep tool selected, it is going to delete that part which we did not want. So let's hit okay. And now if I click Move and I move, this part's up. You can see that the bart connects to this bottom part here. Alright, so let's cancel that and do the same thing on the other side. So let's hit Combine. Let's select this part for the dark body, the whole body. Let's select the bottom part. And it's still set the goods because we just use this operation and keep tools is also still selected. So that's all fine. Let's hit Okay. And now these perfect holes or also in this parts. So the side pieces aren't quite done yet because they don't have these connected parts for the sites, for the other side pieces. So to create those, we can actually create a new sketch. So let's go up here, Create Sketch. And let's now select this plane so that we are orthogonal to the side pieces. Let's select that plane. There we go. And now we want to grab a rectangle. So let's grab a two-point rectangle. And its create the sides strokes. So to get that rectangle right, you would have to click this point right here. But we can't click it now because it isn't exactly in this sketch. So to actually include this line in this sketch that we can use it, we have to use the project function again. So that's it. Project Include. And now instead of using project, which we used in the last video, Let's click intersect. And then let's click this line. And its orbit around and grab this line as well. Click that one and hit Okay. And if we now de-select the visibility of the bodies and sketch one, you can now see these purple dots here and here. And that their verbal means that there are projections from the different sketch. And we can now use these points in this sketch. Let's go back orthogonal so that we can sketch properly. And let's grab the rectangle tool. Let's also reselect the visibility of the bodies. And we can now click there. Drag that up. Let's set the height to 70 and the width to three millimeters. And let's hit Enter. There we go and do the same thing on the other side. So let's click that point. The height is going to be 70, and the width is going to be three millimeters. There we go. And let's now divide this. We're going to align to scrap that in the center, right there. This side, and on the other side as well. From that center point to that center point. Alright, so that's it for this sketch. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And we can now use these profiles of the sketch we just made to cut holes. These side pieces that are going to be used for connection. So let's hit extrude for that. Let's first select this. And it's also do this one. And let's de-select the visibility of the bombards that we don't damage that one. There we go. And we can now just drag this over here. And you can see now it thinks it as a great 3D geometry. And as soon as it crosses this, it knows that a desktop guts because there's overlapping geometry year, which is really nice. So that looks about what we wanted to do. So let's hit Okay. And that's that part already done. And it's now reselect the visibility of the sketch 22 the same but opposite for the other side. Let's grab the top one here and the bottom one here. And drag that over there until guts. And let's hit. Okay, there we go. Now we can actually create the other side pieces. So let's reselect the visibility of sketch one. And let's hit Extrude. And it's de-select all these bodies for a second. And now we can just select all this geometry, all these profiles for this other side pieces. There, there, there and there. And let's put that to a height of 70. And we can see it now, but it is going all right, so if we just hit Okay, if we now select the visibility of the bodies, we can see that I just worked. However, now again, we need to create holes so it can all fit together using the combined function. We set the visibility of the BLM parts. And it's now it's combined. And now for the darted body, Let's select one of these new site pieces. And for the two bodies, we can actually select all three of the pieces that surrounded. There we go. As you can see, that's going to get those perfect tools so that it will all fit together nicely. And make sure keep tools is still selected and hit Okay? And do the same thing for the other side, BCE, that one. And let's select all three of those again. Annotative. Okay? Alright, so that's the books already done using the 3D methods. However, we don't have a later good file yet. And to get that to be first had to lay all the pieces in a flat plane so that we can create a sketch with all the parts. So let's do that. Let's lay all the pieces out flats. So to do that, Let's go up here and the modified to move slash copy and selected first BCE, the bottom part. And now actually, let's go over here to the Move Copy panel. And let's click Create Copy. So we don't just move it. We actually create a copy of that BCE. And it just laid out somewhere like that. And it says, okay, now let's go to the next piece and say Move Copy and select this part. And again, let's enable create a copy and drag that this way. And let's hit okay, and now similar to last lesson, we can hit a line under Modify to put it exactly in place. Let's select this face right there. And the corresponding phase, which is going to be right there. Now we can hit Flip to put it flat. You have say that three times. Now, there we go. Now of course fits perfectly. Let's hit Okay, and let's go to the next piece to move. Copy, select this part, hits Create, Copy. Drag that out this way. Let's also just turn it 90 degrees and it's hit, okay. To go to Modify, hit a line. Select that part, and select the corresponding phase. And let's do that for the other two pieces as well. And there we go. That's all the pieces laid out flats and we can now hit Create Sketch. Select a ground plane. There we go. And re-select the visibility of the body. Let's go to create project, include and hit project and select all of these phases. And it says, Okay, and let's hit Finish Sketch. So now we have this sketch. And we can again export it as a DXF to actually leisure goods. So that's it for this lesson. I hope that 3D methods is a bit more clear to you. And in the next lesson, I will explain to you the advantages and disadvantages of both methods. So see you there.
7. 5 2D vs 3D method: Hi guys, welcome to the next lesson. In the past two lessons, we looked at two methods of designing for laser getting. First we had a duty methods and next we looked at the 3D methods. In this video, I will explain the advantages and disadvantages of each methods. At first have a look at the 2D methods. In the 2D method, you create a sketch that includes all pieces in a flat 2D orientation. This is similar to what you would do in a 2D software like Illustrator. How even for the 2D method, there is an advantage in using a 3D modeling software like Fusion 360. Namely that you can assemble the design once a sketch is done to see if everything fits or if anything needs to be changed. The 2D method can also be called the bottom-up approach. Now let's look at the 3D methods. In the 3D method, the old parts are constructed in their proper position in the design. This can also be called the top-down approach. And the main disadvantage to this is that it takes some time to create the actual laser good file by laying out all the fleeces in a flat way after the design is done. So when should you use which approach? I would use the 2D method or the bottom-up method in simple designs like the books of the last video, in these more simple designs where you already know what you need final designed to be. This 2D methods can save you some time. However, for older, more complex designs, that 3D or top-down approach whereby far be the best choice. And a lot of the designs I've made would not even have been possible using only the 2D methods. And from now on in the course, we will also only use the 3D or top-down methods. That's it for this lesson. I hope that's all clear and I'll see you in the next lesson.
8. 6 Octahedron: Hey guys, welcome to the next lesson. In this one, we will model a laser good octahedral, as you can see here. An octahedron as a platonic solids made up out of two pyramids mirrored over the ground plane. And we're, each face is exactly as big and at the same angle as the other phases. To connect other phases of the octahedron, we will use separate connector pieces, as you can see here. So let's begin to create a little portable octahedral. Let's first make an actual octahedral. So for that, let's hit Create Sketch and select a ground plane. And we're first going to make the ground base of the pyramids. So let's grab a rectangle and let's make that a center point rectangle. And it's at the first in the origin. And let's make that one hundredths and a tab for the next dimension by 100s and hit enter. And this is actually all we're going to need for the first sketch. So let's hit Finish Sketch. And now to create the octahedral, we are going to first model one pyramids and we are drawn to then mirror that pyramid over the ground plane. So to get the first pyramid, we are actually going to use the loft function, which you can see here. And as you can see, the loss function is going to create a transitional shape between two or more sketch profiles or blame phases and modes we are going to do is create a loft from this plane to a certain point. And that's going to give us a pyramids. But for that, we are first going to need that point. So to get that, Let's hit Create Sketch and select a face orthogonal to the one we just used. So it's like that one. There we go. And let's grab a line. And it's made it a construction line on the sketch panel right there. And that's at the first in the origin. And then let's just make that straight up. Something like that. And now we need a line from this point to this line. But we cannot actually select this point yet because there isn't technically in the sketch it. So to get it in there, let's go to Create and it's project include. And let's select Intersect. And it's now select this line. And that's going to give us that point as we've done multiple times before. Let's hit Okay. We can now even de-select the visibility of sketch one. There we go. And we can now grab a line. Let's first go orthogonal to display it again. There we go and sketch view. Let's grab a line. Construction is still enabled and that's select that point we just projected. And let's put that somewhere on this line. Now to get a perfect octahedron, we actually need this angle to be a specific angle, and it is the dihedral angle of the octahedral. And I've looked this up and it's 54.7 degrees. So let's make a new line here so that we can set that angle and set D for Smart Dimension. And let's select this line and this line. And that's going to allow us to set the angle between those lines. And let's make that angle the dihedral angle of the octahedral, which is 54.7. Answered Enter. So what that did is it gave us this point right here at the exact height where we need it to be. So that's it for now in this sketch, Let's hit Finish Sketch. And let's reselect the visibility of the ground plane. And we can now go to Create, hit loft. Select a ground plane for the first profile, and select this point for the second selection. And as you can see, that gives us the exact pyramids that we want and hit OK. And now we're almost at an octahedral. But to get the perfect multi-drug them, Let's mirror this pyramid over this ground plane. So to do that, let's go to Create it mirror. Make sure that diaper is set to bodies because we want to mirror our body. Let's select the object, the bodies. And for the mirror plane, Let's let this ground plane, and it's mentioned OR operation is set to join, which it did automatically annotate. Okay? So that's octahedral and boom. All right, so we can now use this octahedral to create the first piece of the laser credible icosahedral. So to do that, Let's extrude and select one of these faces. That one, for instance, and et cetera, hides to three millimeters. So we are going to work with three millimeter thickness in our couldn't boards. So let's set that to three. And now it's going to automatically join. But we want this to be a new body. So in the operation here, Let's set that to new body. There we go and set. Okay, so now we have this first piece. If we deselect the visibility of the octahedral, like so. We can see we have this first piece. And for the connectors, the connector pieces to fit in this, we need some gaps on all three of these edges. So to get those, Let's create a sketch on this surface. And you can actually create sketches on surfaces by clicking them. And hitting right mouse button and click Create Sketch. There we go. And we now also want to include this surface in this sketch. So it's good to create project, include projects. Let's select that face and hit. Okay. There we go. Now we can use that geometry in this sketch. So let's grab a rectangle. And it starts with a gap on the bottom here. So let's select that line, like so. And then set the height of that to be five millimeters and the width three millimeters, because we need this to be the same as the thickness of the material. So it's hit Enter. And now we need this gap, this rectangle to be exactly in the middle of this line. So to get there, Let's go to create and select points. And it said that points on the middle of this line indicated by this triangle you see here. So let's click that. And now we can select this bottom line here and hit Shift and select this point. And if we now go appear to constraints and select this midpoint constraints, this is going to place this line such that this point will become at center points. So let's click that. And as you can see, that places it exactly in the middle. And now instead of making this gap, the sides as well, we can actually mirror it around the center point. And we can use a circular pattern for that. But for that we first need a center point. And you might assume that this origin year is going to be the center of this triangle, but you can't assume that yet. So let's first construct the center. So we can go to line and make that a construction line. And let's select this point and select the center of this line. There we go, indicated by the triangle. And the same thing for this point to the center of this line. And now we can scroll. And we can see that the center of this triangle is not the same as the origin. And now we need a point here. So let's go to Create again, and let's select point and its place, a point in the center and the intersection of these two lines. There we go. And now as I said, we can use a circular pattern, which you can find if you go to create circular pattern. And we can select this geometry, this line, this line, and this line which we need. And then we can select a center point, which is going to be disappointed that we just created. Make sure you don't accidentally select the origin. And then what this is going to do is it's going to mirror this geometry over a certain center points in a circular better. And we can select how many times you wanted to pattern. And now it's set to three, which is exactly what we want. So let's hit Okay. And as you can see that goods, those pieces of geometry exactly where we need them. So let's hit Finish Sketch. And we can now extrude those pieces to get the gaps in there. So it's, it extrudes. Let's select that profile, that profile and that profile announcement that got him words like that. And because there's overlapping geometry and this extruded fusion is going to automatically set it to GOT, which is exactly what we want. So let's hit okay. And that's the first piece of the ledger credible octahedral DOM. So let's reselect the visibility of the octahedron itself. There we go. And we can now construct an octahedron by using a mirror and a circular pattern with this first phase. So let's de-select the visibility of the octahedron. And if we go to create done to better and it's circular pattern. And make sure this diaper set of bodies, we can select first body. And then it's going to ask us for an axis over which it can create this better. And if we select this vertical axis here, and we set the quantity 2 for that is going to copy that first piece over that axis four times, which will give us exactly what we need in the octahedral. So there we go. Let's hit. Okay. And that's already half of the octahedral them in laser credible pieces dm. And we can now mirror this over the ground plane, similar to how we made the octahedral to construct the rest of the pieces. So let's do that. Let's go to Create, hit mirror. Select all four of these bodies. And for the mirror plane, Let's let the ground plane again. There we go. Now it's automatically going to be set to join. But let's turn that to new body. And it said, OK, so now we already have all the main pieces of the octahedron dome. The only thing that we still need to create, the connector pieces to connect all the faces together. And since we are going to be created in the orientation of this phase here, we can create a sketch on this face. So let's click that and right mouse button and hit Create Sketch. And now first, we want to include these two faces in this sketch. So it's good to create project, include and project, and select that face and that face. There we go. And we can now de-select the visibility of these bodies. And let's take look at here and select one of these profiles to get an orthogonal view. And now these profiles are the gaps in the basis. So the gaps in the connector piece should go somewhere around here and here. So let's create those first. Let's go to the rectangle, hit the three-point rectangle. And let's select the first there and the second there. And let's set that to five millimeters as well, so that we get equally sized gaps on both the pieces and the connectors. And inscribe a rectangle, make that a three-point rectangle. And do the same thing on this side. Whoops, get that wrong there. The three-point rectangle, that point, and that point, and et cetera, to five millimeters. There we go. And now let's just grab a rectangle and three-point rectangle again. And let's read it from here to here. Set that to three millimeters as well. And so the same thing on the other sides. So the key points rectangle from that point to that point, and et cetera to three rights. And it'll do the same thing on this side. So let's grab a rectangle, three points, rectangle, sac that point and that point, and et cetera to three. And on the other side of that side as well. So there and there, and set it to three. Alright, now let's grab a line and connect this point and this point. And now we can already construct the connector pieces, but let's make it look a little bit nicer by going over here to modify and select, Fill it. And we can give a radius to solve these corners. So this is something like that. And it's do that with all these corners. All right, so that looks better. I think. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And we can now click Extrude so that all this geometry, except for these parts, because those need to be opened because they are the gaps. There. It's everything selected. And now if we reselect the visibility of the bodies and orbit around a little bit, we can see we need to drag this in this direction, three millimeters. And now of course this is touching, which is exactly what we want, but we don't want this to join. We want this to be new body. And it says, okay, so that's the first connector piece done. We can now use a circular pattern again to copy it over to these other open holes. So let's go to Create. It's better than and grab the circular pattern, make sure it's set to bodies. The object is going to be the species and the X's. See if I can select it, you, that one. And let's set it to four. And it says, okay, and that places them right there. And we can now mirror these for over to the other side here. We have them there as well. So let's do that. Let's go to create its mirror. Like that one, that one, that one, that one mirror plane. Let's de-select the visibility of the bodies. And select a ground plane and sit okay. Reselect the visibility of the bodies to see them. There they are all in place. And now we only need the connector pieces on these parts. And to get that, we can also use a circular pattern. And if we use the first sketch, we can use these diagonals in this ground plane as the axis around which is going to mirror. So it's good to create. It's better than circular pattern. Let's select this one, for example. And for the x's, let's select this diagonal here. There we go. Let's set it to four. Although now it is also going to place one right here. And we already have one right here. So if you see this box here, it's checked now, but we can uncheck it. And that's going to make it such that it's going to skip this one so we don't get a duplicate there. So that's all right, let's hit okay. And we can now grab a circle a better. And again, select this one. And we can select the vertical axis, this blue line here, and set that to four. And now it's going to make a duplicate here again. So let's uncheck that one. And that's it. Okay? And there we go. That's a laser gullible octahedral done. However, we don't have a ledger could file heads. So let's make that real quick. So let's go to Move Copy, select one of these phases. Hits creates, copy. Drag it out here and hit. Okay, and it's now align that to the bottom plane. So let's go to Modify, hit Align and select this face. And for the second phase, let's let the origin and select the ground plane. Here we go. And it says, OK. And now because all these pieces are copies of the others, we can just duplicate this piece eight times. So we can hit Move Copy, Selected. It creates copy. And drag that out there. Right there. Let's hit Okay. Do that again, selected. And it's like this one as well by holding Shift and clicking that one as well. And it's hit Create a Copy, drag it out. There we go. And that's it. Okay. And now let's create one final time and select all four of these. Let's hit Create Copy. And it's actually turned them 180 degrees. And its place them like that. There we go. Let's hit. Okay. And now we need 12 of these connector basis because there's four on this top part, 4 on the sides here. And then four below years well, which is 3 times 4, which is 12, such as Move Copy, select one of these. Let's hit Create Copy. And, and drag that out. Let's hit Okay. And it's now align this one as well to the bottom plane and fit a line. Select this face. Let's de-select bodies and select the ground plane. There we go. And that's it. Okay. Let's say Move Copy. And then select it. And drag that around there. And said OK, Move Copy again to duplicate it. It's Create Copy, drag it out. It's okay. Do that again. And there we go. That's 12 of these connected pieces and eighth of the octahedron phases. So we could actually later good this. But we would run into one problem because we couldn't actually put this completely together. So a good way to test if the design can be put together is by selecting a final piece and see if you can get it in. So let me show you if I select this body and these three pieces here. And if I drag it outwards, like so, you can see if you get a little bit closer, that right here, this would hit each other, so wouldn't fit perfectly. So you wouldn't be able to get it in. Now, depending on the material we use, we have some gray zone to play with due to the fact that most materials can bend a little bit. But for this final piece, let's make three of the connector pieces slightly more easy to put together. So let's hit cancel here. And click Create Sketch on this piece. There we go. And let's grab the line tool. And let's just make that a little bit smaller here. There to there. And set the distance from that point to that point to two millimeters. There we go. So it's still going to be able to stick, but it's just a bit easier to get it in. Let's do the same thing here. From there to there. And it said that distance to two millimeters as well. There we go. Now let's hit Finish Sketch and let's extrude that. And said extrude and select this part and this part and get that away. And instead, okay, So instead of doing this two more times, Let's just turn off the visibility of these bodies. And let's duplicate this. B is two times. So there we go. That's one. And the final one. There we go. So now we're done. We can create a ledger good file from this and get this awesome octahedral. That's it for this lesson. See you in the next one.
9. 7 LC lamp 1: Hey guys, welcome to the next lesson. In this lesson, we are going to create this laser cuttable lamp. So let's get started. So let's start by adding Create, Sketch and heading one of the sides plains. Select that one. And let's start by grabbing a rectangle. And let's make that a center point rectangle. And let's place the first in the origin. There we go. And let's set the height of that to be three millimeters. So that's going to be the thickness we're going to be working with. So that's three. And it sets the length of it to be 80 millimeters. There we go. Now, this is going to be the top plate that the cable is going to be going through at the top of the lamp. So we're now going to do is create a sketch of the intersection of the lamp. So it's going to be a shape that goes something like this. So let's make that inscribe a rectangle and first make the beast that's going to stick through at the top here for all the sides pieces. So let's make that 10 millimeters high and 20 millimeters white. There we go. And now we're going to use arcs to get all those round shapes we are going to need here. Let me first show you some of the arts that we can use. So if you go up here to Create, you can go to arc and there's a three-point arc, a centerpoint art and a tangent arc. So we're going to use a tangent art, but let me also show you how to use these two. So the three-point arc, it's going to first ask us for the first of the arc. And then it's going to ask us for the final point of the arc. And then we can define the shape of the art by clicking somewhere for the third, something like that, for example. Then there's the center points are, if we go up here. And that's going to first ask us for the center point of the art. And then it's going to ask us where we want the arc to start there, for example, and we wanted to finish. So we can do something like that. And then there's a tangent arc. And for the tangent arc, we first need some sort of geometry for this arc to be tangent to. So if you, for example, first make a line like so. And we now grab the tangent arc. We can click this point. And at this arc is going to be tangent to that line. And this tangent art, as I said, this one we're going to use, but we aren't going to use it from this arc tool. Because actually in the line tool here, you can see in the symbol with the line tool, there's also this bended line that's added to it. And actually the tangent arc is hiding in the line tool. So if you click here for line, and now instead of clicking somewhere for the next line, we can actually hold down the left mouse button. And that's going to allow us to immediately create a tangent arc like that, for example. And then by doing this multiple times, you can create really cool shapes. As you can see. So let's delete all that. Hitting Delete. There we go. Now let's grab the line tool and let's use that tangent arc to create this intersection of the lamp that we're going to make. So let's go here and let's hold down the left mouse button and start something like that for the first art. And then let's hold down the left mouse button again. And let's do something like that. There we go. And there isn't one right answer here. It's just what I think looks good. So let's do something like that. And it's come down here a little bit like that. They're not actually make a straight line here for the bottom. And it's folded down again. To go up. There we go. So this is going to be it for now, for this first sketch. Let's hit Finish Sketch. There we go. And we are now going to revolve this piece over if we select the origin over this blue central straight axis. So the way we do that, we go up here to Create and hits revolve. And if we select this geometry, this, this, and this, and we now select that axis. There we go. As you can see, that's going to give us the solid length. And of course we want this to be a ledger global Lambda, but we're going to use this one to create the fundamental shape first, similar to how we did with the drum. That looks good. Let's hit. Okay. And now this is a perfectly symmetrical lamp. But I wanted to be a little bit more interesting. So to do that, I'm going to cut it off. If you go to the front view. I'm going to make it good like this. So that it's slightly more interesting, not just perfectly symmetrical. And to do that, we're going to use this split to split body tool. However, for the split body do we first need a face over which it's going to split. So we need a face that's running up at an angle right here. So let me show you how you make that. Let's first go to construct. And under here, under construct, we can create more planes. So as you can see, by enabling the origin, we have these three basic planes. The x y plane, the x z plane, and the z y plane, that we can actually make more of these. So if you go to construct and select offset plane, we can first create a plane at an offset from one of these basic planes, or even from a face. That's also possible. But let's let the ground plane for now. And let's go to the front view so we can see what we're doing. And to track that down to somewhere like that. That looks good. Let's hit Okay. And we are now going to create some geometry on this new plane so that we can construct the plane that runs at an angle. So to get the geometry here, Let's hit Create, Sketch and created on this new plane we just created. And all we're going to do here is grab a line tool and set a line from around here, straight down to about here. And that's it. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And we can now use this line to construct a plane at an angle. If you go to construct and select blame at angle. And we can now select this line. And if you go to the front view, we can set this at an angle. And let's see, I think 50 degrees is already steep enough. And it says, OK. So now we have the plane we can use to split this body. So let's go to Modify hit Split body. The body we are going to split is of course going to be this lamp. And spitting tools going to be displaying that we just created. There we go. Okay. So now if you go here to bodies, we can see we now have two bodies because we split the first 12. If this one and this one, and this bottom one we're not going to use anymore. So let's de-select its visibility. And it's the sled visibility of this plane as well and of the origin. And now we're left with this lamp. But I think these edges here are a bit too hard. So to make these edges a little bit softer and give it a radius to them. Let's go up here to modify, lets it fill it and select this one and the inner one as well. And let's give that a bit of a radius. And its radius of five millimeters. That already looks like it's enough. Yeah, that looks fine. Let's hit. Okay. And now this lamp just look slightly more interesting than it used to. However, I think this might be a little bit too steep because now there's going to be a lot of weight on this side. So it might cause the lamp to hang at an angle if you were actually going to hang this up because there's too much weight here. So we can actually go back here to create it the first offset plane. We can double-click it and actually drag that down a little bit further there, for example, and said, Okay, and then we can also go into this second plane we created. And instead of five degrees, Let's set that to three degrees. Alright, so now we're going to use this shape to construct the later credible pieces. For that, let's first go back in the first sketch. And let's grab a rectangle. And let's start that on the center line. And it just makes sure it is bigger on this side. It is here. So we can see at the top here, it's 140 millimeters. So on this side, let's go further than that. So something like that. And it's defined that there we go and there. And it's also make sure that this line is connected to this origin. And to do that, we can go view on the constraints. There's the coincident constraints. Not to go incidents constraint does, is makes sure to pieces of sketch geometry share the same location. So we want this line. To be coincident to the origin. So the line is already selected. If we now click the origin, having the coincident tool selected, that's going to put them on the same place. So that's fully defined. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And let's de-select the visibility of the body that's enabled the visibility of sketch one. There we go. Let's hit Extrude. And let's select that and this piece as well. And it will become clear in a minute why we need this large BCE here. But now we want this to be three millimeters thick. You will see in a minute why. And let's make that 1.5 to either side of this profile. So to do that, we can go to direction, et cetera, one-sided. Now, just a one-sided extrude. But we can set that to symmetric as well. And now if he had 1.5 millimeters, it's going to do 1.5 millimeters on both sides, which gives us three millimeters. There we go and set a new body, which is what we want and it's hit. Okay? And now let's reselect the visibility of the lamp. Oops, not that this one. And we are going to create a better of this large rectangular BCE around the center axis here. Similar to how we did in the last video with the octahedral. So it's good to create a pattern and select a circular pattern. Make sure the type is set to bodies. The object is going to be this piece and the x's. Let's de-select the visibility of the bodies. And with sketches. And let's select. So you can see better. This blue vertical line. There we go. And if we reselect the visibility of the bullies, we can now select how many pieces we want this lamp to be. So this is going to be a very open lamps. So let's make that look more. That starts to look better. 14 looks about right? Yeah, Let's do 14 and let's hit. Okay. And now we already have all the pieces, but they are sort of hiding. So to reveal the pieces, we can use combine. And we've already used the combined tool to get away geometry or do joint geometry together. But we can also use it to get the intersection of two bodies. So for the target body, if we select one of these rectangles and for the toolbar is we select lamp. And this operation is going to give us exactly the intersection between the two, which is going to give us exactly one ledger, credible BCE, which is precisely what we want. So here let's make sure keep tools are selected. Because now we have the lamp as a tool and we're going to need it 13 more times for the other pieces as well. So let's hit Okay. And let's do that same thing for all the other pieces. So it's good to combine, select all of these rectangles. Tool body is going to be length. Make sure intersected, selected, keep tools. Let's hit. Okay. And I'm going to do that same thing for all these other pieces. All right, so that's all of them, DOM, if we now de-select the visibility of the solid shape. There, we now have all these ledger credible pieces. All of them, however, they are not connected yet. So we're going to need some extra pieces in the form of circles around here to make sure that all these pieces are connected together. Alright, so to do that, and so back in the first sketch, we already have the geometry in this sketch to create the top plate. But let's add two more. So let's add another one right around here. So let's grab a rectangle and let's make that a three-point rectangle. And its place it around there. And let's make that horizontal over to here. And let's make that down three millimeters. There we go. And now let's do that again. For the third plate, which is going to be all the way at the bottom here. So let's grab a rectangle again. It three points rectangle. So the first around there. And make that horizontal over 2 decides to click that there. And let's give it a height of three millimeters as well. And now this is not horizontally at, so if you go up here to constraints and grab the horizontal and vertical constraints, and we select this bottom line. It's going to put it in place horizontally, which is exactly what we want. And now let's also make a line to grab the line tool. And let's make a line for this final part here. And you'll see in a minute why we need that. And up here, we don't need it because it's already overlapping. So that's it for now. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And we're going to use the revolve function again to create those rings from those pieces of sketch geometry. So let's first de-selected visibility of all bodies. And it's reselect the visibility of sketch one and its scope here to revolve. And for this top plate, and I just select this sidebar to you. And it's like this. And select that piece. And then we need to select the axis around which is going to revolve. So let's reselect the visibility of the origin and select that line for that. And it's reselect the visibility of the body. And now because there's overlapping geometry, it's automatically set of Godzilla change to new body. And it looks good. Let's hit. Okay. Alright, so these top two circles seem to be in place. However, I made a mistake with this bottom one because I didn't take into account that we added it, this shape such that this ring isn't connected to the lamp anymore. And what we actually need is for this bottom ring to go at an angle and at the same angle that we made this guts. So let's do that. Let's first go back into sketch one. And let's delete this geometry that we made here. So I'll delete it. So let's grab a rectangle to the three-point rectangle. And it said that from there, and et cetera, at a slight angle, because this rectangle is going to need to be at the same angle as we made the gut. So let's say that something like that. And it's put down three millimeters. And it's now set the exact angle by hitting D for Smart Dimension and selecting this line and this top line which is horizontal. And it said that angle to be 45 degrees, which is same as we made the gut. There we go. Now it's, it's finished sketch. There we go. And then we're also going to need an axis that is at 50 degrees here for this revolve. Okay, so to do that, let's go to construct and let's grab axis perpendicular to face at the point. So a new construct, we cannot only create faces, but we can also create xs. And if we grab the axis perpendicular to face at point, we can set an axis perpendicular to the Gooding face that we made. So let's click that. And it's reselect the visibility of that plane we made and de-select visibility of the bodies. And now we're going to need the center point of this face that we don't have that yet. So let's cancel that and it start a sketch on the second plane. So let's go to this Blaine and hit Create Sketch. And now we're perpendicular to that plane. And if we deselect the visibility of the bodies, we can create a points by projecting the origin onto this sketch. So let's get the origin and it's hit. Okay? And as you can see, places that point right there where we want it. And it's now also create a little profile using a center point rectangle through that point. So we also have a face on which it can be perpendicular. So that looks fine. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And now, if you go to construct and go to axis perpendicular to face at points, we can select that point and that face and hit. Okay. So that gave us this new axis right here, which we can use for the revolve function too. If you go to Create revolve, the profile is going to be this one and this one. And the axis is going to be this one. There we go. Now for reselect the visibility of the bodies. You can see that's already at a right angle that we needed to be. So that's a good, that's a new body. And it's click. Okay. And there's one other problem here, which is that here, it doesn't go all the way through, which is what we want. So we can just fix that by going back into sketch one and making this rectangle a bit longer by grabbing another rectangle, Let's make it a three-point rectangle, there and there. And let's just make that a bit, two bit now because we can fix it if you made it too long. So let's set that there. It's, it's finished sketch. And it's added this revolve by double-clicking it in the timeline and adding that geometry that we just created here. And it's hit Okay? And now of course this part is too big. It sticks out here on this side and on the inside here as well. That we can fix that by reselect indivisibility of the lamp for me mate. And then we can go to combine and grab the intersect again as we did before. So we select this part. And the lamp itself is a dual body and regret intersect and we hit, Okay? And then if we deselect the visibility of that body, that gives us exactly what we want. So now there's one more small problem, which is that this edge here is at an angle and we cannot later good depth. So to fix that, so we see this face here and we can extrude that straight down. So if you go to Extrude and select that face, we can set that to negative 3. And it's going to automatically goods of course, but we want that to be a new buddy. And it's hit. Okay? And now we're in the browser. We can see we have this new body. And we can see it better if we de-select the visibility of this first ring we put there. So there we go. That's the land almost done. So the final thing we need to do now is make gaps in these rings and these parts so that we can actually physically put them together. Because now there's just overlapping geometry here. As you can see, these are just solid bodies. And we need gaps so that they can actually fit into each other. So it's going to be easy for these two rings and for this one it's going to be a little bit more difficult. But let's start with these two rings. So if we go to Sketch 1, we can create a line right down the center of this part here. So that's right there. That's it. And we can do the same thing for this rectangle from that center point downwards. There we go. Now we can hit Finish Sketch. And if we now go to Revolve and select those inner parts there and there, and reselect the visibility of the bodies. But let's de-select the visibilities of the Rings. That one, that one and that one. And B select the vertical axis. Now, this is going to cut the holes in the species exactly the way we want them. So if you hit Okay. And we can now use these gaps here to create the corresponding gaps in these other two rings by using the combined function again. And if we select for the target body, does stop ring first. And for the dual bodies, we can select all of these pieces, as you can see. And let's set that operation to gut. As you can see. Let's go into the exact pieces we need so that they can all fit together. So let's hit okay, and do that same thing for the second ring. Here we go and select all these bodies. They're still set the gut keep tool selected and hit. Okay. And now if we laser good this part. Move Copy. This can actually be put together as you can see here. So now we also need to get some gaps in these other pieces for the bottom ring. So let's go back to sketch one. And let's put a line around. Theorists probably going to be good. So like that. And it's, it's finished sketch. And it's good to revolve the selective visibility of the bodies. And it's like this, this, and this. And for the x's, it's going to be this xs that we put at an angle here. So there let's reselect the visibility of the bodies and see if that gets correctly everywhere. It looks like it's a little bit too far from these pieces, but we can change that in a minute. So for now this all looks good. So let's hit okay. And let's go back and add first sketch. So let's delete that line. And it's booted more around here. There we go. And it's, it's finished sketch. And if we know reselect the visibility of the bottom ring, we can go to combine, select this bottom ring and select all these bodies as a dual bodies. Make sure good The selected. And let's hit. Okay. And now we have all the holes in there. If you grep, Move, Copy, select a piece and dragged it out. You can see we can put it completely together, which is nice. So the final touch is, this is going to be a lamp. Server is going to be a gable that goes through in the top here. So let's make that whole real quick. That's a grid sketch on this top part. And square of a center diameter circle. And it's made that a circle of about seven millimeters, which is going to be good for most cables. Hit Enter and hit Finish Sketch. And it's greater truths. And create that hole. There we go. Alright, so this was the first more complicated design we made. I hope you were able to follow along. And we also discussed a lot of new functions. So to make sure you can all stay up the base. In the next video, I will do a recap video of this lesson. So see you there.
10. 8 LC Lamp recap, constraints, extra's: Hey guys, welcome back. In this lesson, we will recap on the new things learned in the last lesson, and I will also discuss some new things. So fundamentally, we learned how to convert a complex shape like this solid lump into a design that we can later goods. But we also use a lot of new features. First off, we saw that there are three kinds of arts we can make within the sketch menu. And that the tangent arc then also be made by grabbing the line tool and holding down the left mouse button rather than just lagging. Next we saw to use a revolve function. We use it to create the fundamental shape of the lamp. We use it to good gaps in the vertical pieces, and we use it to create the rings that holds all the pieces together. We also use the combined function in a new way. We use it to get the intersection of two bodies, which can be really powerful, especially in designing for leisure Gooding, as we saw while creating the lamp. Next, we saw that it is possible to split bodies into two using the split tool under modified and the specific split we made required to construction of some new planes which we made using the construct features. We didn't not only use construct to create two planes, one at an offset and one at an angle of a line. We also use to construct option to construct an axis at an angle, which allowed us to create the bottom ring at an angle using the revolve function. Finally, we use a couple of constraints in the sketches that we made. Constraints are basically relations that you add to one or more pieces of sketch geometry. And since I haven't yet explained all of them, let me do that here. All right, so in the sketch menu at the top bar here, we can find other constraints. There is a horizontal, vertical constraint, the coincident constraint, that tangent constraint, the equal parallel and perpendicular constraint, the fixed unfixed midpoint, concentric colinear symmetry. And finally the curvature constraints. I will demonstrate all of them right here. So let's start with horizontal vertical constraints. The horizontal vertical constraint is going to constrain a piece of sketch geometry horizontally or vertically, depending on which one of both it is closest to. So for example, if I click this, this line here is closest to vertical. So if I click it, it becomes vertically constraints. Same for this line, but this one is closer to horizontal. So once I click it, it becomes horizontally oriented. So next we have the coincident constraint. And this constraint is going to put two pieces of sketch geometry that you select on the same position. So for example, the center point of this circle. If I click it and next I click this fixed point, the now share the same location. And I can still change its size, but again changes location anymore because that's constrained to this point right now. And same goes for these horizontal and vertical lines. I can still change its position and I can change their size but against change their direction anymore because that's what I've constraints. Next we have the tangent constraint. And the tangent constraint is going to put a piece of sketch geometry, tangent to a curvature. So I can, for example, make this line here tangent to this circle by clicking it and the circle, and that becomes tangent right there. The same goes, for example, for this line of this rectangle and this circle, I can select them both and they will become tangent and it doesn't have to touch it, but it can be tangent in the extension of this line as well. So next we have equal. So here you can see these two lines are clearly a different length. And the equal constraint is going to put them both at the same length. And if I select this longer 1 first and this 1 second, the second piece of sketch geometry I select is going to adapt to the first one. And same goes for the parallel constraints. These two lines are not parallel. If I select the first one, this one is going to become parallel to it. And this always guns for all the constraints to second thing you select is going to adapt, except when the second piece cannot adapt. So for example, with the perpendicular constraint, if I select this line first and this line second, still the first selection is going to update because the second selection is horizontally oriented, so it cannot become perpendicular to that first piece of sketch geometry. So next we have the fixed unfixed constraints. And here we have this point and I can just freely move it around. However, if I click Fix and fix it, we'll get this green glow around it. And now I cannot move it anymore. So it's now fixed in this position. Next up, we have the midpoint constraint. And the midpoint constraint is going to place a point as the midpoint of a line. So for example, for this line, if I want this point to become the midpoint of this line, I can select this line and this midpoint, and it will snap to it. And now it's in place such that this point is the midpoint of this line. Next up we have concentric and a concentric constraint is going to constrain midpoints of arcs or circles to the same location. So this circle and this circle, for example, if I click them both. Now share the same midpoint as you can see. Next up there's linear and collinear is going to get two lines in the extension of 100. So this line and this line, for example. Now they are both in the extension of this same line. Then we have symmetry. So for symmetry constraint, it's going to ask us to first select two pieces of sketch geometry. And then we can select the symmetry line. And if I select this line, for example, that's going to make the first two selection symmetrical over the third selection, which is this line, as you can see here. Then finally, we have the curvature constraint, which is a least self-explanatory one. So if you look at these lines here, this is a line and this is a line, but this right here is actually a spline. And the spline you can find up here. And it is for creating more organic shapes as you can see here. So let's delete that. And you can see by clicking here that it is actually a spline. And you can move it around like that. And what the curvature constraint is going to do, it's going to make the transition of sketch geometry via splines smooth. So if I get this curvature constraint and I select this line and the spline, now this becomes a smooth transition and this isn't smooth yet. So if I select this line and this line, now it's completely smooth all over. So that's it for the constraints. Let's go back to Ruby gap. Alright, so that was it as far as the recap goes. But there are three more things I want to show you guys. So first of all, because this bottom ring here, it's at an angle. And we made these cuts in this piece, straits. If we lay it out flat, these lines here are actually going to be at an angle and that's a problem if we want to laser cut it. So we can check this if we go up here to inspect. And we can select, for example, this top face and this face. And we can see that it's not quite 90 degrees. It's 2.4. And if we use a salt would like MDF for example, this won't be that big of a problem because it will still kind of fit, although to be a little bit more difficult to put it together. However, if you use a harder material, this can actually be a problem and it's actually quite easy to fix. So if we had to close on this, Inspect, if we go up here to extrude and select this face first. And we extrude that downwards three millimeters. And we said that do new body and hit Okay? And we can do the same thing for the bottom phase, which is going to be slightly different because of that angle. And we hit the extrude and give that an extra root of negative three as well. And also make that a new body. If we now de-select the visibility of the original ring, which was body 22, that one. And now down here we have these two new bodies, this one and this one. And if we intersect them, we get all the geometry except for some slight edges on the sides here. So if I go to combine and select for the target body, the first extrude and the two-body, the second extrude. And this could be the other way around as well, that it doesn't matter. But now if we zoom in here, we can see the slight edges are going to be deleted, which is going to give us exactly the space we need for all the pieces to fit perfectly. So make sure intersected selected keep tools can be deselected because we don't need those rings we used as tools. And that's it. Okay? And now if we hit Inspect and we select for example, this face and this face, we can see it is exactly 90 degrees. And if restart the selection right here, we can also see that the distance between this face and this face is slightly more than three millimeters, which is going to allow that piece that's going to need to be in here to sit at a slight angle. So that's the first thing I wanted to tell you guys. The second is that all these pieces, although they might look similar, they're all unique. And that also means that they all have a specific position. These rings. So for the first two rings, it, it's not going to matter because these first two gaps are exactly the same everywhere. But this third gap is going to differ in height here and also in length. So one way to make sure that while you later Good this and afterwards you can actually assemble it properly is by adding numbers to it. So if we had to close on this measure and we create a sketch on this face. Is right mouse button hit Create Sketch. And it creates in the sketch menu, there's actually a text option. And if you, for example, for this gap here, add some text. The default is going to be sampled texts, but you can edit that here. So if we give that the number 1 for instance, and we set the size, the height of it to three millimeters. And let's turn it around a little bit. Like so and said, Okay, and then we can move it to where it right there. And then if we copy this by selecting the air telling Control C and then Control V. And we can move it like so. And at that same number, two, the corresponding piece like that. And then while laser Gooding, you always have the option between leisure Gooding and engraving. And typically in leisure getting softwares, you can set the color of the lines that are supposed to be getting lines. And you can also set the color for faces or lines that you want to engrave. And you can set the color of all these numbers to be engravings. And that way it's going to be really easy and convenient when assembling the lamp. Alright, so right here you can see a practical example of numbering pieces. So this is the flame lamp I created a couple of years ago. And every piece here is unique, so it's important to assemble them in the right order. And here you can see I use a numbering system to number all of them so that it's easy to assemble. And as you can see, I also place the numbers in the gaps here. And what that does is when you assemble them, as you can see here, the numbers actually vanish. So you don't see them when your design is completely assembled. Which is really cool. So that's the second tip I wanted to give you guys. And the third and final one is while laying these pieces out, your timeline here fills up rapidly. And a good way to keep your timeline organized is by selecting all the edits you make concerning lane the pieces out. So it's going to be all of these ended in right mouse button and hitting Create Group. And that's going to put them all in this group. And you can click the Plus underneath this group icon to see all the edits and features that are in there. And you can click the Minus to hide them again. So that's going to be it for this recap. See you in the next lesson.
11. 9 Parametric Product Modeling: Hi everyone, Welcome
to the next lesson. In this one, we will be talking about barometric
products modelling. Let's start by describing
what parametric modeling is. In the root beer metric, we find a similar words,
namely parameter. A parameter is a variable which decides the shape of a system. Such a system can be the formula
y equals a x plus three, where a is a parameter
deciding the shape of the line produced by the formula as
demonstrated on screen. Similarly, 3D models can be designed to have parameters
here depending on the design intend
to parameter can be changed to comply to
this new design intents. Let's look at an easy example, the octahedral we made
in an earlier lesson. Here are all the values are
dependent on the edge length, which we set to 100s. That is because the octahedral
shape cannot change, then it wouldn't be an
octahedron anymore. You can compare this to a cube, which can be modeled
by only having the edge value to people
tasked with making a cube with edge value ten will always come back
with the exact same cube. Only the size can
vary in a cube by changing the edge
length parameter. The same thing goes
for the octahedral. Now if we add model
to the octahedral and parametrically
we would be able to change the edge length and the octahedral should
update perfectly, only changing in size corresponding to the
change in edge length. So let's see if we did it right. So here we have the octahedral from one of the first lessons. And if we go into sketches, and we go into sketch one, that is where we
set the edge length and we set it to 100s. And if this would be
modeled parametrically, I should only have to
change one variable. So for example,
this edge length, and I could change it
to, for instance 150. And if I now it's
finished sketch, everything should update and it should still be an octahedral. And as you can see, the
proportion changed a little bit. So we didn't model
as parametrically, but we can change that now. If you go back into sketch one, we can see we change
this dimension, that this dimension
didn't update with it. If you hover over
smart dimensions, you can see right
there it says d1, 150 millimeters, and right here it says D2 100 millimeters. And the only thing
D2 should actually be is just the same as D one, because we want this to
be a perfect square. So we can actually do
that if we go in D1, we double-click it to edit it. And instead of writing
any value here, we just write d0
b1 and hit Enter. Now you see here it says fx 150. And fx means that
there's some sort of formula or reference going
on in this dimension. And now it's linked
with this dimension. If I change this
one back to 100, for instance, this one is going to update
with it as well. So let's change it back to
150 and see what happens. So it's, it's finished sketch. And that's still looks
like an octahedral. Now already, this entire shape
is modeled parametrically. But we can make this design
more parametric because we actually designed it to
be leisure credible. So I de-select it the visibility of all
the ledger good pieces. But I can select them again, clicking the top 1 first holding Shift and clicking
the bottom one. Then I can click the
right mouse button and click Show heights to
show all of them at once. There we go. So the size of
these side pieces, I'll update it nicely. However, these gaps here
seem to have changed. So let's go into
the sketch where we made those to see
what's going on. So I think that was
sketched three. So let's double-click that. And there we go. So you can see this rectangle here is
still the correct size. However, these ones
didn't update with it. And as you can see
these lines here, they are blue and
these ones are black. And that they are black means that they are fully defined. And if you want a
model parametrically, It's very important
that lines and geometry is always
fully defined. And here it clearly wasn't. So we can turn these
lines black as well by defining them further. So we can set the height
of the rectangle here, clicking this line
and this point. And instead of typing
any exact value here, and even instead of typing the dimension that we find here, we can even just click
this dimension and the corresponding value will
automatically be added here. So now we can click Enter. And we can see that that wasn't the only problem with
these blue lines, so they weren't defined at all. So in the last lesson, we learned that the
constraints all work. And if we want this
to be a rectangle, these sites will
have to be parallel. And this line and this line, we have two parallel as well. So we can just do it. Let's go up here to parallel. Click this line and this line, and this line and this line. And then the width
should also be defined, Let's say D, that
line and that line. And let's set it to
three millimeters. There we go. Now the position still isn't defined and also this line
should be perpendicular. So let's grab the
perpendicular constraints and select this line. There we go. That's already done. And now only the position
needs to be changed. So let's set the distance
from this point to this point to be 1.5 so that
it's exactly in the middle. So it's a DIY, smart dimensions like that point and that point. And let's set that
distance to 1.5. There we go. So now this is fully defined. And for the next one right here, Let's first make it a rectangle. So let's make the sides here
parallel, there and there. And also this sides and
this line parallel. And then let's make one of
those perpendicular as well. So that one and that one. Then it's at a distance from
there to there to be five. And the distance from there
to there to be three. Right? And now finally, let's set
the distance from this point, this point to be 1.5. It says Enter. There we go. Now if we had finished sketch,
it looks a little better. So it looks like the side
pieces didn't need to update. They're all fine. Let's go back in
the first sketch and let's see if we
change it back to 100s. If everything will
still work and updates and insights
finished sketch. And it looks good. So now this is a parametrically modeled laser
credible octahedral. However, there's
one more parameter we didn't take into account yet, which is the thickness of
the material we are using. And this is actually where parametric modeling is really
powerful for laser cutting. Because sometimes you don't know the exact thickness of the
material you are going to use. And to create a model
and three millimeters. And then it turns
out you need to create it in five millimeters. And then pretty much you have
to start all over again. Because if you didn't model
your design parametrically, you have to change
every individual value and it's going to break a
lot of stuff in your design. So let's see where in the
design we set the thickness. And I think I set
the thickness and the same sketch where we
had problems a minute ago. So I think this dimension right here is the first dimension, is D7 is the first dimension where we set the thickness
to three millimeters. So let's everywhere
else where we use three millimeters, right? D7 instead. So that's already here. So here we can double-click
and write D7 and hit Enter. And here as well, we can set that to
D7 and it's entered. And actually this 1.5 is just this dimension
divided by two. So we can double-click it. And we can write D7 backslash. It's going to divide by two. And it says Enter, and
that sticks to 1.5. So let's do the same
thing here on this side. But instead of doing that again, let's just click
this dimension we just made. And it says Enter. And now if I go into
sketch and update this to for all of them here, are going to change as well. And it's all a bit nicely. And it changed the back because we haven't done
the entire design yet. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And let's go to this first
extrude that we made. And it's also set the
three millimeters. So instead let's write
D7 there and hit enter. And then we also use
it in this extrudes. So that's also going to
be D7 and hit enter. And now I think if we
update that first value D7 in Sketch three,
everything should update. So let's test. If we set this to five
millimeters, for instance. What will happen in a design? So this first sketch looks fine. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And that all seems to work out. So now we can say that this design is completely
modeled parametrically. And there's two more things I want to point out to you guys. So first off, a lot of this
design already updated nicely because we use these patterns and
mirrors here a lot. And they already are used
quite a lot and parametric product modeling as they
typically update nicely. And for his fourth sketch
here, for instance, we use the project of geometry
that was already there. And projecting sketch geometry is also a good way to model parametrically because that's
going to automatically link it to something
previously in the design. So let's hit Finish Sketch. And another thing I
want to show you guys, we were talking about
barometric products modelling. And if you go up here to modify, there's actually this function
called change parameters. And in here, you can find all the dimensions in your
design and all the sketches. And you can actually also
add your own parameter. So if I want to click
this and for example, set a parameter named thickness. And we can set that
to three millimeters. Let's hit Okay. And we also want the parameter
named edge length. And we can set that to 100s. There we go. And let's hit. Okay. Now we can use these
parameters in our design. So if hit Okay, and go back into third sketch and
change this value D7, we can write thickness instead. If we go and hit Enter. And because we set it
to three millimeters, the whole design is going
to update due to thickness. So it sits finished sketch. And that's a good way to
not have to search in your design where you
set the original value. You can just create a perimeter and use that perimeter
throughout the design. So let's also go into
sketch one and change it, this value to be edge length. There we go. It's finished sketch. So that's it for this lesson on parametric product modeling. See you in the next one.
12. 10 Phone Stand: Hey guys, welcome back
to the next lesson. In this one, we will use the parametric
modeling techniques learned in the last lesson
to create this phone stance. Let's get started.
Alright, so let's start by hitting Create Sketch and
selecting a site plan. Let's grab a line tool. And it starts by
creating the BEQ. The phone is going to lean
against something like that. And let's set the distance of that to be 8080 millimeters. There we go. Alright, now
let's grab another line. And it said that from
that origin, orthogonal, the line we just made,
which you can see by this little rectangle
in the corner here. So let's set that
something like that. And the length of this
piece is going to be dependent on the
thickness of your phone. My phone has a thickness including the case
of 13 millimeters, so I'm going to make
this 14 millimeters. So let's do that. Let's make that 14 and
it's entered. There we go. Now let's grab another
line tool by hitting L and its orthogonal from there. And let's give that a height of ten millimeters. And hit Enter. Grab the line tool again and
go orthogonal from there. And let's give this a length
of ten millimeters as well. Here we go. Now let's do the
same thing up here. Let's hit L and give deaths ten millimeters as well and make sure
it's orthogonal. Then we can grab the offset
tool and select this line, this line and this line. And it's de-select
chain selection. And de-select this line. And dislike this line. There we go. And let's set that to
negative ten millimeters. There we go. So that's going to be the
slots for the phone to sit in. Now let's grab the line tool
and go from here downwards. And let's give that
a length of 20. Right? Let's grab the line
tool and let's make sure this line is going
to be horizontal. And let's give that a
length of 90 millimeters. And it's now make a line from the origin horizontal
to about there. And let's continue that line
at an angle to debt points. Alright, so now we have
a lot of blue lines. Let's define them
all. Let's first set the angle between this
line and this line. And let's set that
to exactly AD. There we go. And that's almost all the lines defines that this
line is still isn't. So let's set that angle
to be AD as well. There we go. So that's it
for now in this sketch, Let's hit Finish Sketch, and let's hit Extrude and
select all this geometry. And it set the distance
to three millimeters. So this is going to be
the thickness that we are going to be working
with three millimeters. And as discussed in
the last lesson, we can also create a
parameter for this. But let's set it to three for right now and let's hit okay. And now let's create
that parameter. Let's go to modify and
change parameters. Click Plus and set that
name to thickness. And it's at that value
to be three millimeters. And it says, Okay, there we go. Now let's hit. Okay. Let's go back into
this extrude by double-clicking and change
that three millimeters to be thickness. And it says enter the game. Now actually, we're also
going to need the parameters of the phone or other device
that you want to put n here. So we're going to
need a thickness. We're going to need the
length and the height. Let's create all of
those parameters. Let's go to modify and
change parameters. Let's click Plus, and
let's set that to phone. Then instead of thickness,
Let's just write d. So it's going to be fun d. And it says that value for me, including the case, it's
going to be 13 millimeters. So let's hit okay, and you can
type your own value there. Let's create another
parameter that's going to be phone length, that's going to be phone L. And the expression for me that's
going to be 15 centimeters, so that's going to
be 150 millimeters. Let's hit Okay. And then
finally we're going to need the phone with phone w. And for the expression
I'm going to type in 80 millimeters, which is the width of my phone. And said, Okay, and let's
click Okay again down here. Now if we go back into
this first sketch, right here, it says 14, But this should actually be
the film thickness plus one. We can write here t
plus one and hit Enter. And that plus one is just so that it's not
too tight in there. So this right here
should actually be about half of the
length of your phone. So instead of having AD here, Let's type phone L for phone length and said backslash two divided
by two. It says Enter. So it's going to be 75 because we set the phone
length to be 150. Alright, so that's
it for the sketch. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And we are now going to use a rectangular pattern to duplicate this in
this direction. So up here we have rectangular
pattern and you can also find it then creates pattern,
rectangular pattern. Let's make sure to type
is set to bodies and the objects is going
to be this body. Another direction. Select that is going
to be this green axis. Alright, let's try it out. And we have it set
to extend right now. And that extent is going to be the phone width plus
about ten millimeters. So let's write that. It's
going to be phone w plus ten. Alright, now let's up
the quantity of bits. Let x2 about seven. That looks good. Let's hit Okay. So now we have all these pieces, but we still need
them to be connected. So to make those pieces
to connect them, Let's go back into sketch one. And let's first grab a line and make the
deconstruction line. And make debts from the
center of this line. Orthogonal lead to
this line downwards. So like that's alright. Let's now grab a rectangle. Let's de-select construction. And let's make that a
three-point rectangle. And it's made up from
there to about there. Like that. Now let's use the
symmetry constraints. And it's made this
line and this line symmetrical over this
line. Like that. Let's set the distance
from there to there. And let's make that
about 30, says Enter. And it says that
the distance from debt to debt parts to be the thickness of the material. So that's going to be
three millimeters. There we go. Now set the distance
from this line to this line to be ten. Right? That's the first one. We're going to make
three more of those. So let's put the next one here. Let's grab a line again made today construction line
from the center there, orthogonally
downwards like that. And it's not a
construction line, so let's select it and select construction to make it one. Grab a rectangle, make that
a three-point rectangle, like that, and like that. And let's grab the
symmetry constraints and let's make it symmetrical. They are in their
over this line. There we go. It's now set the
distance from there to there to again be the thickness. And the distance from here to here. Let's make it about 20. There we go. And sell also define the
distance from deadlines, the deadline to be ten. There we go. That looks good. And now
let's make one final piece. Let's grab a
construction line again. And there to there. It's fun to center point there. Like FETS, square
root rectangle. This time it can be a
two-point rectangle and de-select construction.
Like that. That's its symmetry. Make it symmetrical
over that line. That line is exactly
in the middle. It's a D for Smart Dimension. Let's set that to the
thickness, The enter. And let's set the
distance here to be 30. And it's moved at this
way a little bit like so. And it's at a distance from that line to that
point to be ten. There we go. Now let's hit Finish Sketch. And let's reselect the
visibility of sketch one. And we're going to
extrude those pieces. Let's select that part, that part, that
part and that part. We want this to stick out
on this side a little bit. All the other side,
we want it to stick out a little bit as well. So to do that in
here and extrude it says starts and it
says profile plane. But we can also
select offset plane. Then we can give
it a little bit of an offset from this profile. So let's make that
offsets negative three. So now it starts three
before this profile. And then for the distance, instead of typing
any exact distance. Let's make that two objects. And now we can also
select a certain piece of geometry for this
extrusion to go to. So if we select this side, it will go exactly to there. And for parametric product
modelling to object and from object is also really important because that links it as well. So if this width is
going to change, this extrude is
going to update with it because we set
it to this object. Now on this side, we wanted
to add an offset as well. So down here it also
says offsets and let's give that an offset
of three millimeters. And now there's
overlapping geometry, so it's setup guts. But let's change that to
new body and said, okay. Now of course, this
is not going to fit together yet because as we know, there aren't any
gaps in there yet. It just overlapping geometry. But we can use combine
and select one of these side pieces
as it started body. And select these three
pieces to get holes in it. As you can see, that's made
sure keep tools is selected. And let's hit okay,
and I'm gonna do that for all seven
of these pieces. There we go. So this already looks like a finished design. However, if we were to actually laser cut this and
put it together, these pieces wouldn't
be exactly equally apart from one another
because they can still move to the side. So to fix it, we can click Extrude and select
first these two pieces. There, there, there,
there, and there. And then the start, Let's set it to from objects. Now this extrude is going
to start from the object. We select this point. If I click it, this extrude here is now going to
start from down there. And for the distance, Let's set that to three. And this doesn't have to be the thickness because I
just chose negative three here and it's not related to the thickness of the
material we use. And now discuss is going
to get all these bodies, but I only wanted
to cut this piece. Down here. It says
objects to cuts. And we can de-select
the first seven bodies. So 1271 more, deselect that one. Now this operation
is only going to cut this piece here if we hit Okay? And now what that
allows us to do, if we had moved copy, we can select this piece
and drag that downwards. Three millimeters. There we go. Let's hit Okay. And that will make sure these
pieces will stay in place because they are now constrained right here
to move to the sides. And let's do that same thing
for this piece as well. So there's two points where
they are constraints. So let's hit extrude
its orbit up here. Select this piece, this piece, and this piece, this,
this, and this. Let's set a start from
this extrusion to from object and select these
points to start from. And it said that
distance to be three. And then from objects to cut, Let's de-select the
first seven bodies. There we go. Let's all of them.
And it said, Okay, Then again we can hit Move Copy, select this piece and read it downwards, three millimeters. And it's okay. This will make
sure it all stays in place. So that's the design done. But let's now see if we
actually did it right. And this is now a
barometric product model. So let's first check
the thickness. Let's go to modify and
change parameters and set the value of the thickness
to be five millimeters. And hit Enter. And it says, Okay, that looks like
it's all updated nicely. Here. There's no problems
in the timeline. So that all works out. Alright, let's now look
at the phone width. So let's go to modify
and change parameters. And it set the
width of the phone, cell phone w. And
it sets it to 100s. Enter and said, Okay, that looks like it
though, that's nicely. Alright, let's now look
at the other variables. Let's go to change perimeters and et cetera, phone heights. So that's phone length. So let's set that
to two hundredths. It's Enter and it's also sets the film thickness to be 20. And it says Enter. It says, Okay, that looks like
it's all a bit nicely. Now, even if you want
to use this design for an iPad stands or for
any phone you want. You can just type in the exact
parameters of that phone. And this phone
sends will work for debt phone or iPad as well. So that's the power of
parametric Polak modelling. You can just make one
design and it can then be used for a lot
of applications. So if you're, for example, at a company that
sells phone stance, you wouldn't have to design
a new phone every time you got a new type of phone
at a customer wanted, you could just design
it once and then change the parameters for
every customer's phone. So that's it for this lesson.
See you in the next one.
13. 11 LC car + phone stand hinge: Hey guys, welcome
to the next lesson. In this one we're going
to talk about movements. So of course, in laser cutting, you only have two
degrees of freedom, which makes reediting hinges or other techniques to create movement in your designs
quite difficult. But there are a
couple of ways to get some movement in your designs. So in this lesson, we
are going to create this awesome looking car
that once your leisure good, it can actually drive. So let's get started. Alright,
so before we get started, let's create a parameter
for the thickness of the material so that we can use it throughout
the design. Let's click the plus here. And it set the name
to be the thickness. And it set the value to
be five millimeters. That's it. Okay. And today, Okay, again, now let's hit Create Sketch. And it starts with a center point rectangle
instead of first in the origin. And this value is going
to be the thickness. So let's write that and set this length of
this piece to be 120. And hit Enter. Now we're doing to
create the first wheel, or at least a sketch geometry for the first wheel
on this side. So let's grab a line. Let's make that from there
straight down to there. And it's at a distance
from deadline. Deadline to be the
thickness as well. There we go. And we now need to center point
of this square here. So let's grab a line,
make a construction line, and made it from that
corner to this corner. And that gives us the
center points of that line. And let's grab a circle
and center point circle. And let's set the first
in the center there. Let's make sure that's
not a construction. And it's click the
points right there. Alright? And it's now grab an
older circle from there. And let's make that
a diameter of 30. And let's hit Enter. There we go. Now let's actually mirror this line here
over to the other sides. So let's make a mirror
line in the center here. Let's make a construction
line from there to there. That's flipped mirror,
select this line. Mirror line is going
to be this line. And said, okay, that
places it there. So that's it for
now in this sketch, Let's hit Finish Sketch. And let's hit Extrude. And let's start with
the bottom of the car. So we're not going
to think about the hinges for this extrude jets that just select
that entire bottom parts. And let's make the direction
instead of one-sided. Let's make it symmetric. And let's make that 30
millimeters to both sides. So the distance is set at 230. And let's hit Enter. Right. So now we're
going to extrude. Again. Let's de-select
visibility of the body and re-select the
visibility of the sketch. Let's hit extrude. And we're going to
select this part. And this part. Then it's re-select the
visibility of that body. We want to stick out a
little bit here and here. So to start, this extrudes, let's make a start on this
face instead of right here. So for the Start Here
it says profile plane. Now let's change it
to from objects. And it's This objects. And it's made the extent
which is going to come out here to be three
times the thickness. So right here in distance, Let's write three asterisks. That's going to be multiply
and then as rights thickness. And now it's in the
wrong direction. So let's make that
a negative three. And there we go. That's
exactly what we need. And said, Okay, we
can now actually mirror this extrude we did
here over to the older sites. So for that, let's go
to Create hit mirror. And it's made sure to type here instead of mirroring the body, Let's mirror a feature. And then we can select
this extrude down here in the timeline,
clicking there. And a mirror plane is going to be this center
plane right there. And there you can
see what that did. Let's hit Okay. And that's
exactly how we need it. Now it's already create
the first wheel. So let's de-select the
visibility of the bodies. And as extrude these pieces, Let's re-select the
visibility of the bodies. And again, instead of
start from profile plane, Let's hit Start from objects. Let's start it there. And let's make the extent here
to be the thickness again. So the distance
that's going to be, and since it's going to be
the other side is going to be negative. Thickness. There we go. And we want
it to be a new body. And let's hit. Okay. Now we can mirror this, we'll first decides
and then we can mirror both fields due
to the older sites. So let's do that. Let's
say creates its mirror. Now it's still set of features
from the previous mirror. And let's set that to bodies. Let's select this
wheel that some lead to mirror plane for it's
going to be this one. And let's hit, Okay, then
let's do that again. Let's go to mirror.
Select these two wheels. Mirror plane is going
to be this one. Let's hit Okay. There we already have the wheels
and now we're going to want something here
to stop the wheels from sliding out so they
actually stay in place. So let's first go to sketch one again to create the
geometry for that. So let's first divide this
square here into two. So let's make that
straight down like that. And all the other sites
as well. There we go. And it's also mirror this
line to the other sides. So let's select both of those. And it's led to
mirror line that we made last time we
were in the sketch. And I said, Okay, set divides
these pieces up into two. And it's now actually go to
this site because we have less obstruction
from the geometry for the wheel here on this site. And its graph, a line. Let's go from here
downwards and go downwards. Three millimeters. Says Enter. If we have a line again, Let's go in this direction for, let's say five millimeters. Let's hit Enter, grab a
line again, hitting L. And let's go up here. So from here it's going to be three, that's
going to be five, and let's go up and
other three millimeters, so that's going to be 11. It says enter line again, and it's got this way. And let's make that 11 as well. Whoops. There we go. Just kept the line again and go
11 downwards here. And let's grab a line from
here and go three downwards. And it's now connect these
pieces. There we go. So let's hit Finish Sketch. And we're going to first go
doubts a little piece here, and on this side as well. So let's de-select the
visibility of the bodies. Let's hit Extrude. And we're
going to extrude this part. And this part are actually on this side is going
to be this part's right. Let's re-select the
visibility of the bodies. And let's start
that from objects. Let's select this wheel here. And let's give that also an
offset of one millimeter. So it's going to be an
offset of one. There we go. And it's at a distance
to be the same as the thickness like that, and that has to be
negative thickness. I see. So let's make that
negative thickness. So that's good this way
and on this side as well. So let's hit Okay.
We can now also mirror these features
over to the other sides. So it's good to create a mirror. Set the type to features, and let's select this extrude we just did in the timeline. And for the mirror plane
that's led to center plane. And instead, okay, So that puts these gaps on
this side as well. Now we're going to
extrude the little stop. Let's go into fit on here, set the wheel cannot fall out. So let's de-select the
visibility of the body. So let's hit Extrude. Let's select this,
this, this, and this. Let's re-select the
visibility of the bodies. Let's set this starts to be from objects and let's hit this part. And let's set the distance
to be also two objects, and that selects its orbit around a little
bit to see better. Let's select this points. There we go. And let's
set it to new body. Alright, now we're gonna do the same thing we
did with the wheel. So we can mirror it
first to decide and then mirror it over to
the other sides. So lets it creates its mirror. Still set of features
that turned into bodies. Select this parts. The mirror plane is
going to be here. Okay? And actually if you want to do the same
function again, you can hold down the
left mouse button and point upwards. So that's a little shortcuts to use the same feature again. So for bodies, Let's select that part and that
part mirror plane. Let's select this center plane. And it said, Okay, and that now is all the
real joints done. So if you were to leisure good this and this would
actually work. And it's actually roll around. Although I think these wheels
are a little bit smoother. So maybe on a really
smooth floor, they wouldn't work very well. So let's give them
a bit more profile. Let's go back into first sketch. Let's grab a line here. And let's make a
line from there to there and to there again. That's a D. And it set the angle
here to be 45 degrees. And now let's use an
equal constraints to make sure they
are the same length. So it's, it's equal
there and there. And that makes sure that point exactly to the center as well. And now we can go to Create
and grab a circular pattern. And we can select
these two lines. And for the center points, we can select this
center point here. And the quantity, Let's
make it something like 20. And maybe even 30. Let's make
that 35. That looks good. Like fats. And said, okay, if we now hit Finish Sketch and we go back into the extrude where we made the wheels,
which is this one. Let's double-click that. And
let's redo this selection. So in profile,
let's split across here to delete all of them. Let's de-select the
visibility of the body so that we can select
them and expect that. And let's reselect visibility of the bodies. And you
can see what that does. Now let's hit Okay. And since
we use the mirror feature, this is going to update them all four wheels immediately as well, which is really nice. And the fact that
this all updates also means that we modeled
this car parametrically, even though these wheels
aren't exactly a parameter. The fact that they all update
if you change the first one in the timeline means that it
is parametrically modeled. And technically, you could
also say that a parameter of this car is that all four
wheels have to be the same. If you change one, they
should all update similarly. Alright, so now we can continue creating the rest of the car. And I'm first going to update this first sketch so that we can extrude all the older
parts of the car. But since we don't really use
any new features doing so, I will speed that up because it takes quite a lot of time. Alright, so we're
just ready to sketch. As you can see,
there is a lot of dimensions to get
everything fully defined. But it worked out.
It's all finished. Now let's hit Finish Sketch. And we can now extrude
one of these side pieces. So let's de-select the
visibility of the bodies. So let's hit Extrude. And let's select that, that, that, that, that, that. See if we can drag to
select all of this. Here we go. And we have to reach like this, like fats, like
that one as well. De-select all this. There we go. Now let's all select that. And this, this, this, Let's see this,
this and that sets. So let's reselect the
visibility of the bodies. And for the start's, let's hit from objects
and select this side. And let's give it an
offset of the thickness. There we go. And let's make
that negative thickness. And it's at a distance
to be thickness as well. There we go. And let's make that a new
body. There we go. Let's hit. Okay. And we can now mirror
this to the other sites. That's it creates mirror
and it's like this body. And for the mirror plane, Let's select this plane
and said, Oh game. And it's already starting
to look like something. So let's now extrude to older pieces that I made
the sketches forward. Let's de-select
the visibility of the bodies. Let's hit Extrude. Let's select the vet and beds. And this is well, and
right here, this and this. Let's re-select the
visibility of the bodies. And it's actually all select
that part. There we go. Now for the start here,
let's keep that on profile plane for the direction that set that to two sites. And it's at the extents to be two objects for the
first direction, but select that and give it
an offset of the thickness. There we go. And do the
same thing for site two. Let's set it to two objects. Let's select this point for the objects to which
is SOX truths. And it's also give that an
offset of the thickness. We go and let's make
that a negative thickness so that it
sticks out a little bit. Now this overlapping geometry, so instead of guts, but
let's set that to new buddy. There we go. Now we have these two new bodies.
Let's hit, Okay. And now we can hit combine
to complete the gaps. So let's select this part. And for the two bodies, this part and this part. Let's make sure to
operations set of guts and keep tools is selected. Let's hit okay. And it's the
same thing for this parts. That part and bad
parts and said, Okay, so now as you can see, these parts here are actually
going to fit perfectly. And they're just going to
help to keep it all in place. Now there's one final piece of this car that's going to be this connector piece
right here to connect displayed and the bottom plates to strengthen the
whole structure. Because now this side here isn't connected only on this
side it's connected. So let's de-select
the visibility of the bodies again,
let's hit Extrude. Select this geometry right here. This, this, this, all of this. There we go. Let's re-select the visibility of the bodies. And it's mainly
direction symmetric. And it set the distance
to half the thickness, that's going to be thickness, backslash to thickness
divided by two. And that way if we do
that on both sides, it's going to be the
thickness in total. So it's a good, let's set it
to new body and say, Okay. And now we can combine
again first for this piece, using this piece as a
cutting tool set that we'll get this piece cutouts.
That's it. Okay. Do the same thing for
the bottom plates and sits combine two. Rgb-d is going to be
the bottom plate tube. What is going to be this part? And actually we hadn't gone
out to the pieces here yet. 40 sites pieces. Let's select those as
well as cutting tools. And it said, okay, alright, so that's a guard finished. And you could of course
add more to this. You could, for
example, set a roof on the scar or create a
completely different design. But for now I just
wanted to illustrate how to use these hinges in InDesign. So if we check down here, this is just a little
piece to keep it in place. So let's move that
up a little bit. And you can see this
kind of pinch words. If you create a rectangle with sides equal to the
thickness of the material, you use a name first, create one circle around vets for the central
hub of the wheel. And then you can create
another circle around vets for the size of the wheel. And we can actually also get a preview of the
movement of this car. So if you go up
here to assemble, we can click joints. And that's going to
require us to have components in this design. And we haven't talked
about components yet. So if you go up here
in the browser, you can see we have
all these bodies. And these bodies can also
be upgraded to components. So for example, this wheel here, if a right mouse click it. I can click creates components from bodies.
So let's do that. Now, disappeared from
the bodies folder. And it appears right
here as a components. And the difference
between bodies and components are that bodies
are fixed in place, so it cannot just freely
move them around. Unless you use Move, Copy
and or modify a component, you can actually just grab
and move around like that. Let's undo that. And you can also create joints or assemblies
with components. So if we go up here to
assemble hit joints, we get this joint
spent, alright, here and an emotion. We can first select the
type of motion we want. So now it sets a rigid, which is the default, but
let's set it to revolve. Let's go to position again. And let's select for
the first position, the center of this wheel. We can select the inner
circle of this wheel here. Let's click that. There we go. Then it's going to ask us to select a
second position. So let's just select this part right here, also dissenter. Then you can already
see it moving. But we can now give it an offset back to where it used to be. That's going to be negative
ten millimeters right there. So let's hit Okay. Now
right here on this wheel, we have this little flag
icon and we can double-click it to move them around. As you can see. And
seen this movie isn't going to do too much for
these wheels because they will pretty much stay
in the same position, only rotate a little bit. But for this box,
you can see here, it's actually pretty
nice to be able to see how it functions when
you can open and close it. And right here, you can also see a different application
of a hinge. It's not just for wheels,
but you can use it for boxes like this as well. Alright, so just to show you a different application of
how to use these hinges, this is the phone stand we
made in the last video, and I went back to it
and add it to hinges, one here and one here. Which now allows a phone stand
to also stand at an angle. So that just to show you one other application of
how to use these hinges. So let's go back to the car. Alright, so now to
close this lesson off, at the start of this lesson, I showed you this car and it looked like it was made of wood. And let me show
you how we did it. So if you go up
here under Modify, you can find Appearance. Let's click that. And then right here, we have a whole library of different
sorts of appearances. You can give your model. So for example, if I wanted
this whole car to be glass, I could select it all and give it this black glass appearance, for example, like that. So I don't think this will
work very well with glass. So let's go down here. And they also have
a lot of boots. And you can also
download MDF boards, which is a material I use
a lot in laser cutting. So let's set that on it. Let's first reselect everything. And let's drag that on there. And it's a close. And that's going to give
you a good idea of what your design will look like once you've actually
ledger credits. So if we want to use acrylic
or whatever other material, you can probably find it on our appearance and our
Modify and appearance. And you can see
what looks cool in the material that
you want to use. So that's it for this lesson. In the next lesson,
I'm going to show you a very cool type of hinge. Got a living inch.
See you there.
14. 12 living hinge: Hey guys, welcome
back. In this lesson, I will show you a very
interesting technique you can use with laser cutting. The technique is
called lattice hinges are living hinges
and it basically allows you to bend materials in ways they are typically
too rigid to do. So on-screen here you can see a couple of examples
of the applications, which I'll look incredibly cool. And we're going to use this
technique to create this box. So let's get started. Alright, so as always, let's
start by creating a sketch. And let's select
the sides blame. And let's grab a rectangle. And it started in the origin. And let's give it a height of 60 and a width of 120.
And it's hit Enter. And now let's grab this
filler tool and or modify. And if this corner here, a radius of 30. There we go. And now let's grab the
offset tool under Modify. Let's select all of this
and give it an offset in the insights of three
millimeters and hit Enter. And I've typed in three millimeters here
because we haven't set a parameter for the
thickness yet. So let's do that. Let's go up here
in the modifier, which you can also do in the sketch menu and
click Change parameters. Let's click plus and
our user parameters. And let's set that to thickness. And it's give that
a thickness of three millimeters and says, okay, it's okay here. And that's immediately
change that to be the thickness. There we go. And now let's grab a line. And let's add a
line here and here. And it's due, it's on all
corners now that we're here. So there and there
and topiary as well. There. And there. There we go. So that's
it for this sketch. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And we're actually not going to extrude in this solids menu. If you look up here, you can see it says solids here, and then here it says surface. Here it says sheet metal, and here is stools as well. And you can click
surface for example. And that will bring up a
whole new set of tools. And you also have sheet metal, which we are going to use now. So fusion is also really good for designing
for sheet metal. And generally it allows
you to fault your designs. So you could, for example,
create a layout of a 2D books and then use this workspace to
actually folded up. And we're going to
use this flange tool to extrude the
length of this box. So for debts, we can
just select a line. Let's select this
inner line here. And let's also add this part. And this line over here. There we go. And let's give it an
extrusion of 100s. So let's type in 100s. And you can see
here what that did. And now we only selected a line, but it automatically
gave it a thickness. And that thickness is based on the material we have selected in the sheet
metal workspace. So in the sheet metal workspace, you basically have to select a material that
you're going to work with. And it's going to have
certain properties, like a thickness and
they bend radius, etc. Right here in the phalange menu. You can select the material you want to use for this
extrusion here. I've already created my
own material called MDF, three millimeters,
which I'm going to use for this so
I can click it. And it will automatically
update the thickness to be exactly three millimeters. And if I select, for
example, aluminum, you can see it's aluminum
of two millimeters. So it's automatically a bit
of thickness to that as well. But let's select MDF, makes sure nobody is selected. One-sided. That's all
goods and let's hit okay. Now of course you don't
have MDF as a material yet, so I'll show you how you make
that appear in the modify. You can click sheet metal rules. That brings up this menu and
you will not see this yet. So you can just click
right mouse button here on one of these
materials and click new rule. And then you can set
a name for that rule. So you can delete all
this, give it a name, MDF or whatever material
you want to use. Then you can set the thickness, so you can set it to three. And that's going to be
all you need to do here. And unfortunately, you
cannot link this thickness. Do the perimeter we set for the thickness of the material. So if you want to
update the material to five millimeters,
for example, you have to update it here as well as Cindy parameter itself. So I don't need to save this now because I already
have this material, so I will click,
Cancel and close. And if you have just had to use a different material because
you didn't have MDF yet. You can not go back and is
flinch anymore to edit it. But you can go up here on the left under
documents settings, it says rule and then
it says the material. And you can click right
here, switch rule. You can select a
different material. So I could, for example,
select aluminum heads, okay. And that would change
it to the thickness of aluminum and does also give it the properties of aluminum concerning the radius
overweighted can bend, etc. So I will switch
that back to MDF. And instead, okay, there we go. And now that we've
made this extrusion in the sheet metal workspace, we can actually unfolds
this band right here. So if you go under here and then modify and click unfolds, it's going to first ask us to
select a stationary entry. So we need to select a part
that's not going to move. So let's let this part. And then we can select a
bend that we need to unfold. And it's already marched this
as being a potential bends. So let's flick it.
And that unfolds it. And let's hit. Okay. And now we can use this flat
surface we've created by unfolding to create
the living hinge. So let's click this
right mouse button and hit Create Sketch. Right? And now we
also have this line, this line here and
this line here that shows us where the bend
starts and where it ends. So we have to create
our living hinge in-between these two lines. And there are very
many cool patterns to create living hinges, but we're just going
to keep it simple. So let's grab the line tool. And let's just draw
a line on this line here, something like that. That's a D for Smart Dimension
and set the distance from this point to this
line to be 20. Do the same thing on this side. Let's give that a distance
of 20 as well. There we go. Now let's grab a mobile line
and let's create a line from here to there, mature
it's horizontal. And do the same thing on this
side from there to there. And it's at the distance between these two lines
to be 20 as well. So that's going to be 20. And let's now create
a center line. So construction line from that center point downwards
to dead center points. Let's wrap the symmetry tool. Let's select this point and this point and make that
symmetrical over this line. There we go. Alright, now for the distance from these
lines to this line, we actually have to
know the total distance here because we want
it to be all even. So let's hit Inspect and select
this line and this line. And that's going to give
us 44.485, close 44.485. So if you want these pieces
to fit in here four times, we're going to have to divide 44.485 by seven so that
it will fit exactly. So if we had D at this
line and this line, and write 44.485, hit
backslash seven, hit Enter. That's going to make it so
that it will fit perfectly. And now we can go to create
a rectangular pattern. And we're going to pattern these three lines we
created in this direction. And we're going to set
the quantity to be four. There we go. And the extent here is
going to be 44.485. And it's going to be negative because that's a good downwards. And I see I made a
little mistake here. It should be 44.485 minus minus this 6.355
that we see here, 63550. And since it's minus here, it's going to be plus here. There we go. And as you can see, that will fit perfectly within the folds that
we want it to be. So let's hit, okay. And that's going to be it for this sketch. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And what we want now is to make extrusions
of these lines. So we want to cut in this
surface over these lines. However, typically
if we extrude, we need to have a profile
and we cannot extrude lines. And we've been working in the sheet metal
workspace for right now. And we also have the
solids workspace, but there's also the surface workspace which I
showed you earlier. So if you click that, this
is where you work with surfaces and here you can
actually extrude lines. So if you hit Extrude here, we can just select
all of these lines. There, there, there, there. This and finally this. And we can just extrude them, make that an extrusion
of negative thickness. There we go. And make sure
this is set a new body. And let's hit okay. And now if we go under
bodies in the browser, we can see we have
this one body here. And it also has a
different symbol next to it because there's
a sheet metal parts. And then we have all
of these pieces that have this surface
symbol next to it. So we now have all
these surfaces, but surfaces are infinitely
thin pieces of geometry. So if we deselect this body, these are all just
infinitely thin thesis. And we want to give them a
little bit of a thickness. Because if we leisure goods, it's also going to
have some thickness according to the precision
of your laser cutter. In the surface menu here, you can actually go to
Create and it thicken. And it's going to ask
us to select faces. And all these services
are also actually faces. So if you just
select all of them, then we can give
that a thickness. And it said that thickness to be one millimeter. Here we go. And it's actually set
that to be symmetric. And then it's going to have
to be 0.5 millimeters, is that it will be one
millimeter total. There we go. Annotate. Okay. And if you recollect the
visibility of body one, these are going to be the goods that we're going to make here. And we're going to use a trick we've used many times before. We're going to use combined to get these holes in
this larger body, using these bodies
as tool bodies. So let's go to solids
and it's hits combine. Let's let this as a target body. And for the two bodies, Let's de-select this visibility
and select all of these. Like that's all 12
of them selected. Let's make sure
guts is selected. And keep tools does
not need to be enabled because we don't need these
pieces anymore. So let's hit. Okay. And there we go. That's the lettuce hinge. Guts completed. And if we now go to
the sheet metal menu, we can click refold
faces right here. And that's going to refold it. And show us what it's
going to look like once we've actually
assembled it ourselves. Alright, so that's a
living inch part done. I will now quickly create
a books around this, and I won't explain
every step thoroughly because we have done this
a couple of times before. So let's go back
to the salts menu. Let's go back in
that first sketch. And let's add some lines here. Right? Let's hit Finish Sketch. Going to extrude one side first. So let's do debts. Debts to debt bards, that birds, that parts. And that's andalso. This part right there. Let's give that a
thickness of thickness. To make that a new body. It's okay. Let's
hit extrude again. Let's select this geometry right here to create a frontier. Let's set a distance to go to
two objects to that point. Let's make that a new body. Said, Okay. Now let's see it extrudes. Let's de-select the
visibility of this body and this body of the sketch. And let's just select
this entire piece to re-select visibility
of these bodies, et cetera, starts
to go from objects, set that to there. And let's make that
go to the thickness. There we go. And let's set it to
new body and say, Okay, that places that
side piece there. Let's create the
floor of the box. Now, let's re-select the
visibility of sketch. One. Head extrudes like fats. That's that. That's that. Let's set a distance
to go to Objects. Select that point right there. Make that a new
body. Said, okay. Now let's combine and let's use the side pieces to good halls
and all the other pieces. Let's select this part first. Select these two side pieces. There we go. Let's hit
Keep tools and hit Okay. That's it combined
for disbarred. Select these two
pieces to it. Okay. Again. And do the same for
the bottom plates. Select those two. Let's hit. Okay. And let's now create a new sketch
on this bottom face. Right mouse-click,
hit Create Sketch. And we're going
to add some lines to the finished sketch. And let's de-select
the visibility of all the other bodies.
Let's hit Extrude. And it's only at that sketch selected and select that part. And that part sets it to negative thickness for the
guts, that's it, okay. And re-select the
visibility of these bodies. And now use this to cut
first and this piece. Here we go, sit, okay? And next in this piece,
and it's it, okay? So let's see if we didn't
make any mistakes. If there's any overlapping
geometry somewhere, it doesn't look like it
looks like it's goods. So now if this is going to
unfold and you'll be folded, you have these pieces
here to click it behind. So if you put it
all the way flat, it's going to stick here. Alright, so that is
it for this lesson. In the next lesson,
I'm going to make this box look a bit
more interesting. See you there.
15. 13 box pimp insert SVG: Alright guys, welcome
to the next lesson. In this one, as I said, unless lesson we
are going to pimp the books we made in the
last lesson a little bit, and we're going to add a
little bit of design to it to make it look a
little bit cooler. So I want to add a
little design pattern on the top of this lids. And I actually went into Adobe Illustrator and I
created a little better. And I saved it as an SVG file. And if you go up
here under inserts, you can actually insert SVG or DXF files that you
have in your computer. Svg and DXF files are both
vector file formats that are used for 2D drawings and they are widely
used for laser cutting. I created an SVG. So to insert SVG. And down here it says
insert from my computer. So if you add one
saved infusion, you could also select it. I have mine on my computer. It's right. They're going to hit open. And that's going to ask
me to select the plane on which I want
this SVG to import. So I'm going to select this. And here we go. There's my better. Let's turn that to 90
degrees. There we go. And I can put it right there. And then I can use this
lever here to scale it. So it's just
something like that. And then it's made sure
it's right in the center. There we go. That looks good. So let's hit. Okay. And now we have this pattern
and all the lines are green signifying that it is an
import from an SVG file. And if you don't have
Adobe Illustrator or another way to
create SVG files, you can also just Google
on the internet for SVG pattern and you can find
a lot of cool design stair, however, if you do so, make sure that the bedroom is appropriate for laser cutting. Because for example, this pattern that
you see right here, if you'd actually leisure goods, all these lines, it would
just all fall apart. So we need to have a better
and a bit more like this, where all the
individual pieces of the pattern does not destroy the entire parts
if you laser cut them. However, if you did want to
use this sort of, uh, better, you could also choose
to engrave these lines, which you can typically
select in your leisure, good or software by giving
it a different color. By the way, I will also
add the SVG file I use here for you to download and use in the
description below. So let's go back into Fusion. And it's, it's finished sketch. And we can now actually extrude this pattern into this doublet. So let's hit Extrude. And we can select
all of these pieces. And we can also
de-select the bodies and just select all of it. And then de-select
the backgrounds and reselect these pieces. There we go. Now let's reselect
visibility of the bodies. And let's give that
a guts of negative. The thickness. There we go and let's hit Okay. And there we go. That's a cool pattern. Edits to the books. Alright, so that's
it for this books. I will now quickly show you how you get a leisure
good file from this, because it's slightly more complicated than I would
typically don't end first, I see we have a little
bit of overlapping geometry that I missed here. So let's hit Combine. Let's select this body, this body as a Gooding
body and hit Okay, to fix that right there. And now we want to create a leisure good file from
this top part first, we actually need to unfold it to create that straight
sketch that we need. So let's go into
sheet metal menu and we can modify
his own faults. Select this part again for the stationary part and this
part for the folding part. And we can hit Okay. And now we can go back
into solids menu. And we can create a sketch
on this plane right here. And we can now it's creates, projecting glutes and select
this body and hit Okay. And that gives us, if we deselect the visibility
of the bodies, that gives us all the lines and geometry that we actually
need to leisure goods. So notice how if we go
back into a timeline here and re-select the
visibility of the bodies. I didn't hit Create Sketch
on this piece itself. So now within this sketch, this line edit as well. We don't need this
line because then it's going to cut off the top part. So I specifically created a
sketch on a different plane, then this piece, and then I
projected the body in there. So let's undo debts. It's delete that sketch. And here we have this sketch. And now I can refold this piece. So if I go to sheet metal and click refold faces right there. Now this sketch is still here. And I can go back
into salts menu. And then I can grab
all the pieces. So I can click, Move, Copy, Create a copy from the
side piece like that. And turn it 90 degrees. There we go. Let's hit Okay. And then I can align it
from there to there. It's okay. I can move it again to
put it actually in place. And I can do that for
all the pieces now. And then projects all of those
faces in this same sketch. So that's it for this lesson. See you in the next one.
16. 14 laptop stand: Hey guys, welcome
to the next lesson. So a couple of videos ago, we were introduced to the sheet metal
workspace within fusion. And then we use it to
create a living hinge. So we used it to
create a pattern for material that is typically
not foldable like MDF. However, the sheet
metal workspace is also really nice for materials that are actually foldable like chip
portal cardboards. And that's what the
whole workspace is actually meant to be used for. So in this lesson, we are going to use it in
this manner to design for cardboard or chip boards using
the sheet metal workspace. We will get more familiar with this workspace
throughout this lesson. So this is what we're
doing to make it's going to be a laptop stands. As you can see here, these are some existing examples
of laptop stands. And this is what we're going
to make in this video. So let's get
started. Let's start by adding create sketch, hitting the ground plane. And we're going to
start by making the ground parts of
the laptop stands. So let's grab a rectangle, set the first in the origin. And let's make a rectangle
of 200s by 300s millimeters. There we go, and that's going
to be it for this sketch. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And let's now go to
the sheets metal menu. There we go. And let's start by creating
a rule for this design. For this design,
we're going to want a material that **** fault. So at EMI cardboard for example, but also chip boards, you can right mouse click
here and click new rule. And then can set the
name right here. So let's set that to chip board. And let's type in two millimeters behind
it so that we know that. And let's set the thickness
to be two millimeters. There we go. And then it also
says K factor here. And in the last video,
I didn't really explain what that means. That the K factor is the stretch
factor of your material. And since we use chip
board or cardboards, it doesn't really
stretch, just stares, so we can just set that to be 0. And then there's also
this drop-down menu here. And it says bent
conditions and we can set the bend radius there. So the default is the
thickness of the material. But let's set it to
be 0.2 millimeters, which is going to be a bit more realistic for the
material we are using. So that's all good.
Let's hit Save. And we can now create
the first parts of our sheet metal design. So let's hit the
flange tool for death. And it's electors ground plane. And here in the menu we can select the material
we just created. So this chip board here, for example, Let's hit Okay. And that creates this first
sheet metal part right here. And we are now going to
use the flange tool again, and we're going to use
this flinch to a lot in this video. So let's click it. And let's select this side
right here, this line. And we can now extrude
that upwards in a fault. So fusion is
automatically done to recognize that we want
this to be a fourth, as you can see here. And let's give it a height of, let's do 25 millimeters. That looks good. And all these I mentioned
seem to be good. Let's hit. Okay. And it's now hit to
flinch tool again. And we're going to select
this edge right here. And we're going to
extrude this way. However, now I want
this to be at an angle. So if we go in this
view right here, you can see this
little lever here. And it allows us to set the angle in which we
want this fall to be. So let's set that to 120 degrees and bring that downwards here. And actually etc, that
a bit sharper angle. So let's see Xu 135. That looks good. So let's put that downwards and it's made
sure it doesn't hit this. So let's put it a
little bit higher. Because if we put it like this, this is going to
join it together. And we aren't able
to unfold this anymore if this touches here, because this Combs one solid sports and we don't want that. So let's set it a
little bit higher. Something like deaths, that
looks good. Let's hit. Okay. And we can now add the
flange tool again. And we're going to select
this edge right here. And it's red, it's upwards. And we don't want that to be at a 90-degree angle from there. Let's set that little lower, something like 75 degrees. That looks about right. Let's set the length of this. Let's go to the front view here. And let's set it
to be about there. One that looks good. Now let's hit okay. And we're going to use to
flinch to, again. That's it. Flinch right here. And we're going to select
this edge and we're going to bring that upwards. So let's go into front view so we can see what we're doing. And let's set that a little
bit higher than deaths. So 105 millimeters. That looks about rights. And let's hit okay. And we are now going to
bring this site's almost. This one but not quite. So let's hit that. And it's going to go downwards
on the medically. But let's make that horizontal. So let's go into front view so we can see what we're doing. And that's already a
horizontal at 30 degrees. And it said that something
like that, that looks good. Let's hit. Okay. And now we're going to use the
flinch tool again. And we're going to bring
up the sides here. It says flange and
we can actually select two sides
at the same time. We can select this one and
on the other side as well. So that's selected their annex, bring that up. And
let's do that. 105 as well. Similar to how we
did this back parts. So let's bring that
down a little bit. One of five, Let's go on to be the exact same height there. And now I see a little
problem because now this is overlapping here, which is not what we want. So now right here you can see this bent option is
set to insights, but we can change that
to outside, for example. But if you go to the front view, now we can see this is
touching right here. There is an older option. Instead of outside,
we can hit adjacent. And that's going to
give us a little bit of a gap right there, which is what we want
so that it doesn't join to this body. So did it right there and on this side that's
going to be adjacent as well because it's
the same operation. So it looks so good. Let's hit Okay, and there we go. That's a good start
of the laptop sense. Alright, so now we're done
to edit this a little bit using extrude
that we are used to. So let's first create
a sketch on this side. So let's click it and
it's right mouse button. And it's creates sketch. And we're doing two projects, some geometry into the sketch. So let's go to create
project, include and project. And let's select this face and this face and then select this transitional
band here as well. To do the same thing down here, let's select vets and also this little
transitional piece. If we zoom in, we can select it. There we go. And right here, let's select that as well. And said, okay, let's now
go back to the front view. There we go there we
see that purple line that we projected in here. And we're going to give that
a little bit of an offset. So let's go to Modify hit
offsets and select that line. And now we have
changed selection, selected, Let's de-select that. And let's select that. And it's led these lines
down here as well. So this one, this one, and up here as well. And let's give it an offset of three millimeters. There we go. And that looks good. Let's hit Okay. And we're now
going to finish this line. So let's grab that line
and put it down there. Instead it's on that line. Make sure it's
horizontal. There we go. That looks good. And we're going to
extrude this parts away. So we're going to
extrude that on this side and on
this side as well. And I also want a
gap in here so that in a minutes we
can let this part come through a little
bit over here. So let's create that gap, or let's create the sketch
geometry for that gap. So let's go to the rectangle, select the three-point
rectangle. And let's set the first
on this line and the second on this line as well. And it's at the height
of this rectangle to be 2.25 millimeters. And it's grabbing new rectangle. Let's make three points
rectangle as well. And it's at the
first right there. Regraded the first
and the second. They recreated the
second a minute ago and it's gave
them an offset to the top of 0.25
millimeters as well. There we go, and
let's hit Enter. And now if a piece of two millimeter height
comes through here, is we have a 0.25 offset on the top and on the bottom just to give it a
little bit of room. And it's now set the
distance of this piece. And let's set that to
be 50 millimeters. There we go. And it's now makes sure
it is in the center. So let's grab a line, metal, a construction line, and
it just grab this point. And let's set that. They're the same
thing on this side. Let's grab that point. And let's set it's there. And it's now grep to
equal constraints and make those two lines, we created the two
construction lines. And let's give them
the same length. So that's going
to put it exactly in the middle where we want it. So that's going to be
it for this sketch. Let's hit Finish Sketch. And its first extrude
this part right here. So that's it extrudes, which we can also do from the sheet metal menu
and select this. And it's just extrude that. And let's set the
distance to objects. And let's select that here. So we get both of them in the
same extrudes and instead, okay, Let's now extrude the gap. So that's re-select
the visibility of that sketch. Let's hit Extrude. Let's click that right there. And let's give that
a negative two guts. And it says, OK. And let's now do the exact same
thing on the other side. So let's say the extrudes. Let's select that profile. And for the starts of the profile we're doing
to set it from objects, Let's select that point. And for the distance
it's going to be two objects and
select that point. And that's going to put it
right there where we want it. So from here to the oversight
of this face and it said, Okay, alright, so let's now create the pieces
that are going to stick through right here. So for that, let's hit flinch. And let's pan
around a little bit so we can select this
inner edge right there. And we want that one. There we go. Let's write that down
first so that we can set the angle and that angle to be 0 degrees
so that those streets, and it's made that goes through. And now up here in
this flinch menu, you can see it's
set to full edge. And we can click that and
we get a drop-down menu. And we can select two sides. And then we can set the parts of this edge that we want
to actually flame outs. So let's read that inverts and
zoom in a little bit so we see exactly what we
were doing like that. And I actually see that we miss a little bit of the
extrudes right there. So let's hit cancel for now. And let's split this second
extrude that we did. And it sets, I think we didn't select the second part of the sketch
geometry. There we go. So now we've figured OK, and let's check if we did
it right for this one. So on this side we also
didn't do it right? So let's grab that extrudes
and select that part as well. And said, Okay, now
this all should be big enough for the
French to come through. And it's orbiting around
here a little bit so we can select
that edge again. It will go to orbit a
little bit more like that. And it said flinch and
select that edge again. Now again, let's go over
here instead of full edge, etc, to two sites. And its first read
that down so we can set the angle
to be horizontal. There we go. Now that's right,
That's inwards. So it will fit in that
hole that we just created. There we go. And let's go to the side view. We can see exactly
what we're doing. Let's put it to about Theorem. Let's leave one millimeter right here and same on this side. So does Steve just
one millimeter like that or That's actually
do half a millimeter. So let's set it to there. And I think this is
already half a millimeter. Yeah. So it's now over to run the
little bits and let's make it so that it sticks
out only slightly. So let's go to the
front view for that. And let's put it
something like that. I think that's enough. There we go and do the
same thing on this side. So in the same flinch operation, we can click Plus here, and it selects that's sides. And let's set that to
two sites as well. And it's red, that's inwards
on both sides. There we go. Let's go to the side view. And it's also give them
offset of these sites of half a millimeter there
and there as well. And the size or the length is already set because
it's the same operation. So that's good for
now. Let's hit Okay. And it's now with flinch again. And let's select the
bottom edge of that extrude that we just
made right there. And it's the same thing
on the other sides. So let's select
this edge as well. And it's read that
downwards for about, I would say 15 millimeters. There we go. And that looks good. Let's hit Okay. And that's those pieces, dm. Now I also want this part to fold in on the inside
here a little bit. So let's hit flinch. Let's select this edge and do the same thing
on this older sites. So this edge. And now also we cannot make this extrude here or this
flinch in the full length. So let's click it and
let's set it to two-sided. And on this side as
well, to cite it. And it's right that downwards, right there, That's
orbit a little bit. And it's read as inwards. And now it's going to join here, which we don't want. So let's go to this bends position option and now
it's set to adjacent that, set that to insights. So that's going to make it, so it's going to go inside here. And now it's a little bit to high-skilled still
going to be touching. So that put it something
like vets there, it's not touching anything. And now we can drag it
in a little bit more. And let's do that for about
I'd say 15 millimeters. I'll just 17 millimeters. Do the same on this side. So let's select that
one and drag it downwards and see how much
we dread this one downwards. So right here we did
a four millimeter. So to do the same
thing on this side, Let's select that one
and drag it downwards. Four millimeters like that. Let's look right here if
it's also going rights. And that looks good right there. So now we've created this little weird shaped right there. That little geometry
you see right here is called a bent relief. So remember this workspace is typically used to work
with sheet metal. And if we were to
create this sort of event with actual sheet metal, this little geometry right
here root make it a lot easier or even possible at
all to create this bent. But for cardboards,
which is what we're working with, we
don't really need it. And we can actually
change this if we go right here in the
flinch panel and we click override rules and select the bend
relief overwrites. Now this relief shape is set around that set the
two straight first. And you can see that made it straight instead of
runs right there. And this relief with, let's set it to 0.1 millimeters. And as you can see that brought
the width here very low. And let's set a depth to be
0.1 millimeters as well. So 0.1 millimeters. And that almost completely
removed it, which is nice. So we can't completely
delete it because we still need this edge here, be there. But we can actually
minimize it by minimizing the relief
width and relief depth. So that's it for
here. Let's hit Okay. And that makes sure
that folds in there. So it's just a
little bit stronger and better structurally
put together. And now what I want to do
is let these sides here. So let's hit flinch again. I want these sites, so this
edge and on the other side, so its orbit to select that. There we go. This one, whoops, not that one,
actually. This one. And I wanted to
come inside here. And we still have for
the bend position, we still have inside selected. So it's going to make sure
that it doesn't hit that. And let's set that to come
in for about 50 millimeters. And that's going to
be on both sides here because I have
both of them selected. And it's actually instead of 50, let's actually give it a little bit more.
Let's make that 70. That looks better like that. Right now. Let's hit Okay. And now we can see that was the reason that we
left a little bit of space on this
plane right here, so that we didn't make it connects completely
to this site. And now we're
actually almost done with the initial design. Well, they want to do now is similarly to how we
made the flaps here. I wanted to make a flap from
this piece through this back parts from here to about here. So for that, let's
first create a hole in this bag parts by clicking it
and hitting Create Sketch. And it's projected in some geometry that
we can work with. So that's it creates
project includes projects. Let's select this
face right here. Let's select this line. And on this oversight as well, Let's select its orbit a
little bit so we can see it. And it selects deadline.
And it's, it's okay. There we go. Let's go to the front view. We can see what
we're doing here. And let's grab a line and
set up a line from there. And let's bring
it all the way to the other sites to this
line that we projected in. And it's made sure that's
orthogonal to this line. And to make a similar line from this line to the
other sides below it's and it's made sure that's orthogonal
as well, right there. And it's at a distance from
there to there to be 0.25. And from here to here as well. So we have a little
bit of an offset similar to what we did in
the older gaps roommates. So it's, it's
finished sketch and we can now extrude this. Lets it extrudes
spec, that's debts. Debts. And it's given an extrude of
negative two millimeters. And says, Okay, we
can now it's flinch. Subjects. This edge right there. Let's set the full edge. Let's set that to two
sites and drag it inwards like vets and on this
side as well, like that. And let's write that down
a little bit and set the angle to be 0 degrees. Here we go. And it's now
go to the side view here. We can see what we're
doing. Let's leave. But alpha millimeter again, something like vets and
do the same thing on this side. Like that. Looks good. It's similar on both sides. Pretty much it this, alright. And it's now set this to
come through only slightly. So something like that. That looks good. Let's hit Okay. Now make another flange to make it go downwards
a little bit. Edge right at downwards. And now it's set to inside. But say that two adjacent, we have a little
bit of a gap there. And it's put down
for 15 millimeters, similar to how we did here. And instead, okay. So that's the flame
sheet Mel modeling parts of this design DM. Alright, so what we can now do if we design this correctly, is unfold this to
be one flat piece, which is really the magic of
the sheet metal workspace. So if you go up here to modify, we can click unfolds. And similar to in the
living hinge lesson, we have to select
one stationary part. So let's select
this bottom plane. And then we've got a beer and
we click unfolds all bands. It's going to unfold
it for us and said, Okay, and it looks
like we did it right? So if we had any geometry connected to one
another in a phalange, this will not unfold properly. So it is a confirmation
that we did at rights. And now that it is unfolded, we can actually edit
it a little bit. So for example, these parts here that are
going to fault insights, that's going to
be very difficult if this is just all straight. So let's give it a little
bit of an angle right here. So to do that, we can actually
go to the solids menu. And if we hit Modify, we can add draft. And if we then select one phase, let's select this inside face right here, the very small one. Let's select that and it's like this phase for the second phase. And then we can set an angle here that we want this to be. As you can see, this
sort of angles. You'll also see a lot in cardboard boxes
because it really is easier to put together
like this and it doesn't lose a lot of its structural
integrity. Doing so. So let's give it an angle of about 30 degrees.
That looks good. Let's hit Okay. And do the same thing on this
little flap here. Let's go into fourth
insight as well. So that's orbit around
here so we can select it. There we go. Let's go to modify again. That's a draft. And it's like that little
edge and this edge here. And let's set that to an
angle of about 15 degrees. Like that. Let's hit Okay. And it's now actually mirror these drafts we did here
to the older sites. But it's an order to be
able to mirror them. We first need a plane in the center here
because we didn't creates This book's with
the origin and the center, as you can see here,
it's on the site. But there's actually
a really easy way to create a center plane here. So if you go to construct, we can actually click mid-plane. And we can select, for example, this face and the face on the
opposite sides, that one. And it's going to create
this plane right here, exactly in the middle. So let's hit okay. And it's now go to Create and
go down to mirror. And for the type, Let's set that to features. And it's selected in
the timeline here, these two drafts that we
made for the mirror plane, Let's select this face
we just constructed. So it's set to adjust that
set the two optimist. Because that seems to
work better and said, Okay, and there you go. You can see it did
those exact same drafts on these pieces, which
is what we want it. Now also on these little
pieces that stuck up here, I think it will look better
if we just got this away. If he had extrude. We can just select this and let's
write it inwards. And let's set a distance go
to object to be more precise. And it's like that points. There we go. And we can actually select
the face on the other side at the same time to do it
in the same operation. So actually let's go up here
and select it, select that. And it's reselect this because I deselected it's accidentally. And there we go. That should
put it on both sides. Yeah. So that's good. Let's hit, Okay. And it's now also give some
of these edges a Phillips. So let's give it a
little bit of a radius. So a beer and modify, let's let fillets and select that edge and that
edge here as well, and select that one. And that one right there. And let's see, let's
also do it on this side. So let's select that
edge and that edge. And let's give it a radius
of about three millimeters. And said, Okay, there we go. And we can now actually go to sheet metal and
click refold faces. That will reconstruct it and
we can see what we changed. You can see we got
away this little part here and we made some of
these corners rounded. And it's now also, we have to fill it too in this menu to add the things
we missed while it was flat. So let's select that edge and let's make this
rounded off as well. And it's good that something
like vets those goods. And it's a plus here. And let's select these
edges here on the inside. Let's give those radius as well. So they're in there and
do something like that, just a small radius. And let's do it up here as well. And actually this
already has a radius, so that's a plus and
select this edge. And finally, this
edge here as well. And read it in just slightly to make it look a
little bit more rounded. So let's hit okay. And it's de-select the visibility of
that construction plane. And that's a laptop
stand finished. So I hope you feel a
little bit more profitable with the sheet metal
menu right now. And I hope you realize the utility of this
different technique of designing for
laser cutting as well with foldable materials
that you can actually design in their folded shape or in
the unfolded shape as well, using the sheet metal menu. And this is it for this lesson. And in the next lesson, I'm going to show you some
special features in the DXF file exports that you can get through the
sheets metal menu. So see you in that lesson.
17. 15 DXF files: Hey guys, welcome
to the next lesson. In this lesson, I want to
show you how to create a DXF file easily through
the sheets metal menu. So if you are in the
sheet metal menu and you have created a
sheet metal design, you can actually go
up here under Create, and it says Create flat pattern. And it's going to look
a lot like unfolds, which we've seen before. But this is different. So if you hit Create
flat pattern, we now again have to
select a stationary phase similar to what we need to do
when we want to unfold it. So let's select the bottom
here and select, Okay. Now we are put in this new
menu for the flat pattern. And actually if we modify
this face right now, it doesn't update if he
had finished flat pattern. So that's a different
from when we unfold, because if we unfold the
design and we make changes to it like we did with
these drafts here, than it actually updates in
the actual design as well. But now this is actually
just for when you want to export it and you're pretty
much done with the design. And you can see all the
fault lines in here as well. And up here it says exports. And you can export DXF
here with one button. So instead of having
two projects, a body into the sketch, you can just click
it right here. So let's click
that. And it gives this option here to convert
splines into polylines. But we didn't use any
splines in this design. So we can leave that unchecked
and we can click Okay. And that gives us the option to save this DXF file
to our desktop. So I'm going to
name that DXF one. And it says Enter. This is going to give us
a different sorts of DXF file then when we export it using the way I
taught you before. So let's hit Finish
flat pattern. And I'm going to show
you the difference between the two types of files. So if you hit Modify
and click on faults, we can unfold this like so, clicking the button
parts hitting okay. And then we can just
go to the solids menu. We can create a sketch. And it's made sure
it's not created on this body like I showed in the
living inch video as well. So let's de-select the
visibility of it and it's just create a sketch
on the ground plane. Then it's re-select the
visibility of the bodies. And we can projects
this body in here. And it's at the
selection filter to bodies and select this body. And let's hit okay. And now if we de-select the
visibility of the bodies, you can see we have
only these guiding lines for this design. So let's hit Finish Sketch. And we can now right-click the sketches I
showed you before. And it's safe as DXF and
area of the DXF one. Let's name this one DXF two. And it says Enter. And I'm now going
to open both of these DXF files in Adobe Illustrator to
show you the difference. Alright, so I'm here
in Adobe Illustrator, and if I now hit Open, I can select DXF one or DXF. So let's first open DX have one, which is the one we made through the sheet metal menu
once it's open. And this is also important
when opening DXF files. Within a DXF, it isn't recorded what type
of units we used. So that's going to assume
the unit type was pixels. Would we actually
use millimeters? So we have to select that here. And now we want to
scale one to b to one. Because one millimeter in our DXF file is one
millimeter in here. So let's hit Okay, and that's really important because
otherwise you're going to get
different dimensions than the ones you used
while creating it. Which could result in
getting a laptop stand that actually better suited for your phone, which
you don't want. So let me increase
this bed right here. There we go. And as you can see, this is a DXF file we get. And what we also see is that
we get these middle lines, the fault lines in here as well, which we don't want to
cut because then we get all these loose pieces
and it won't fit together. But actually if you go
over here and our layers, we have these groups
of layers right here. And we can de-select
the visibility of them. And two of them
are called bands. If I de-select
those visibilities, you can see it's only leaves us with the
actual Gooding lines. So we can choose here if we do or don't want to
cut the bent lines. And even so materials
that will be better to goods the folding
lines, but only halfway. So we would use a little
bit less power and the laser cutter to
cut those lines, which would allow faults along those lines to
go more smoothly. So depending on
the type of laser good in software you use, there will typically
be determined by the color you give the lines. So for example, black lines
will be completely cuts, while red lines will only be
partially cuts or in graves. And you can change that. If we select the bending
lines, for instance. Like that, we can
go to properties. And in the stroke color here. If we click color, we can set that to
be completely red. For instance, it's entered,
let's hit Cancel there. And that they're just
these red lines. But given that we
use chalkboards, which faults quite easily, we can also just
de-select them like that. And then we have these
two older groups here. And it is the interior geometry and the exterior or geometry. So we can de-select that. And you can see all
these pieces that are inside the outer lines
are grouped as well, which can be really
useful if you, for example, have a battery in here that you only
want to engrave. Fusion is already going
to group it for you. So it's going to be
really easy to give those pieces of sketch
geometry a different color. And for me on
Illustrator, of course, you can select the
lines that you want and give them the
color that you want for the laser getting
software that you use and then get hit File and can export it as an SVG file, for instance, which is typically
used for laser cooling. But now let's first, let's hit File and
let's hit Open. And let's take a look at
DXF to which we created using the standard methods of exporting a sketch as a DXF. So that's the except
to, let's hit Open. And it's also scale
this to be millimeters because that's the unit we use with infusion and
that's it. Okay. And zoom out here. And it's also increase this
artboards. There we go. It's cancel there. And what we see
here is that this automatically gives
us only the lines that we actually want to cut. So it doesn't give
us the fault lines. So we don't have the option here to say that we want to
put them partially. But when we want
to use chip board, like we do, this is actually
the better methods. So we can just export
this as an SVG as it is, and we don't have to
worry about giving a different colors or
de-selecting certain lines that we don't really need
to cuts depending on the ledger getting software
reuse for laser crater, of course, that's how it works
using Adobe Illustrator. And there's also actually a
free program called Inkscape, and it is basically a free
version of illustrator, so it's a different
program than Illustrator, but a lot of the
functionalities are the same. And you can also open
the Excel files using Inkscape and export
them as SVG files, which are typically
used for laser cooling. So if you don't have
Adobe Illustrator, I would encourage
you to download this so that you can get your designs guts
without wasting any money that you don't
really need to spend, right? So this was actually
the final lesson of this laser cooling course. And in the next video, I'm going to conclude and recap on the things we've learned
throughout this course. See you there.
18. 16 Conclusion: Hi everyone, welcome
to the final video of this designing for
laser cutting course. First of all, I would
like to congratulate you on completing
the entire course. I hope you have been
able to follow along. And most of all, I hope
that you've already been able to create some
designs on your own, or at least that you now have the confidence to start designing for later
getting yourself. Within the course, we first
started talking about a 2D and 3D methods of
designing for laser cutting, also called the bottom-up
and top-down approach. Next, we learned about
barometric products modelling is and how to use it in
designing for laser cutting, where we found it
especially powerful for setting the thickness
of the material we worked with as a parameter to effortlessly change the
thickness if necessary. We also learned how
to bring movement into our designs with
a regular hinges, but also with living
or lettuce changes which allows otherwise
rigid materials to bend. Finally, we learned how to
use the sheet metal workspace to design for foldable
materials like cardboards, which opens a whole new realm of possibilities for our design. Again, I hope that you
have been able to follow along and that you have
learned a lot from it. I wish you good luck
with your modelling. And if you have any
questions or problems, please feel free to contact me. I would be happy to help. Also, don't forget
to leave a review if you haven't already
and if you have any feedback on how we could improve the course,
please contact me. You can go to my instructor
profile and hit Send message. Alright guys, keep
practicing, keep learning, and don't forget to
download the certificate. And thank you for
choosing my course.
Larno Visser
