Building Structures in German - Structure 2

1. German Structure 2 Introduction: Hello and good common. Hello and welcome to building structures in German structure to the whole of the German language is made up off a number of structures. I remember one weekend I was writing some lessons for the week ahead. When I suddenly realized this, I noticed that there are a certain number of structures in German and that every sentence follows one of these structures. I spent the rest of the weekend working out that there are 15 structures altogether. Andi, I wrote them all down. Once you know what all the structures are, you can begin to learn them. Every structure you learn gives you the ability, say huge amount. Some structures are more useful than others, but all structures together make up the whole German language. Once you've learned all the structures or you have to do is insert words into the slots and you have a sentence. These structures also helped propel you to fluency. If you can manipulate the structures at high speed, you can start to say anything you want without having to think about how to say it. This course can be used as both a reference course and as a work course, as I said, each structure enables use a huge amount. So I've limited each course toe one structure so as not to overburden you by looking at just one stroke dress time. You can really get to grips with it and understand its usage. It'll help you to clarify the German language and make it more like a reflex rather than something you have to think everything through like it's a math equation. Before you start this course, let me share with you an extremely handy learning tip that helped me to progress quickly and effectively in language learning. When most people start studying for anything, they tend to spend the first day or two studying for hours and hours and get through lows of work. However, very quickly this begins to dwindle. You might feel like spending hours studying German, which is great, but you want that feeling of motivation to continue, and it won't continue if you actually spend hours studying. Limit your study times two trunks off just three minutes. No more. If you limit your studying to just three minute chunks, there are three things that will happen. Firstly, you want maintain enthusiasm if you want to learn anything, you have to maintain enthusiasm or else you won't continue. If you limit your story time to just three minutes. You'll keep Jim and fresh and exciting, and you'll be eager to learn. If you spend hours studying very quickly, you'll get bored with German, and it will turn into a chore. Secondly, you achieve more consistent studying. It's better to study for just three minutes once a day authenticity for three hours once a week. A spare three minutes is relatively easy to find, even in the most hectic of schedules. If you make sure you complete at least 13 minute study session every day, it will quickly become a habit that you'll do without thinking. It's much easier to fit in a day. Three minute. Have it on a weekly one hour. Have it. By doing this, you'll become a much more consistent Lennar. Andi consistency is the key to success. Fairly. You'll find you memorize things much more effectively. This is my favorite reason as to why you should limit your study. Just three minute chunks. If used to do something for just three minutes every day, you will trick your brain into memorizing the information more quickly than if it were to see the information for hours each day. It will think I've seen this information every day, so it must be important, but I don't see it for very long, so I better hold on to it and make it into a memory fast. You'll be amazed at how much more easily things tend to stay in your brain if you limit yourself to just three minutes a day, so three minutes is the key. When do you reach three minutes? Stop then give yourself at least half an hour before you do another three minutes. You should aim to do at least 13 minute trunk every day, any more than that is a bonus. But one is fine. Just work through the course and completely exercises, and you'll be amazed at how much you learn. 2. German Structure 2 Chapter 1: the whole of the German language is made up off different structures of words. If you know the words and you know which order to put them in, you can speak the language, let's get on and learned. The second structure in German structure to use is the present tense to form questions and statements in a very similar fashion to structure one structure to. It's probably my favorite structure in German, although I do like them all. It consists of just two parts, and here is an example of it in use. Vaz SNC of us SNC means. What are you eating? Vaz SNC. Let's break this structure down into its core components and give each component and name so vast means what? And it's a question word vests. And then SNC means Are you eating SNC? And this is an inverted present tense. We'll look at what that means shortly, but SNC means are you eating structure to will be easier for you to pick up, mainly because you already know all the question words. Let's have a quick run through off the question words in German. Where is vole? What? Thus, at what time from the field when Van How the which or which one? Very. Why volume? How much we fear How many v. Fieler, How long? V. Langer and whom? Vain. So what we can do with this second structure is start to build up questions using the two parts the question word and then the inverted present tense. We can change any of the two parts in this structure. For example, instead of saying Vaz at the start, which means that what? We could change it to full meaning way. So instead of vast SNC, which means what are you reading? The question would become Vote SNC, Where are you reading? Or we could change it to Van, Which means when Van SNC means when are you eating so vast SNC raw SNC and Van SNC Just like with structure one, you can change the question word without changing any off the rest of the question. The SNZ part didn't alter it all Just because you change the question would at the start 3. German Structure 2 Chapter 2a: using structure to. As I said, there are just two parts to structure to the question. Would Andi the inverted present tense? We've just been through the question words. But what about the inverted present Tense? Well, in order to use the inverted present tense, you'll need to know how to use the present tense. I'm not going to too much depth on how to use the present tense in this course, but I will give you a quick recap. So for structure one, we learned lots off infinitives, the whole verb. We can take those infinitives and turned them into the present tense. If you're not sure on how to form present tense, you can learn all about it in my success with German grammar book, the present tense. In this course, however, I'll just congregate all the infinitive we let in structure one Onda put him into the present tense for you. Basically, however, what you do to form the present tense is get the infinitive and take off the E N from the end of it. Then you add different letters to the end. Depending on who is doing the action. Let's look at an example. They think in Tink in means to drink Tink in. So we take off the e n. Let me get Tink on. We have to add certain letters to the end depending on who's doing the drinking. Ik thinker means I drink or I'm drinking And so we add an e to the end. Thinker do thinks do thinks we add an S t to the end of this one and do tanks means you drink or your drinking a linked air thanked Means he drinks or he's drinking. Eighth inked, Mr People T On the end off air linked Z tanked Z tanked means she drinks or she's drinking So again report a t on the end off Z tanked month Inc Man thanked This means one drinks or one is drinking man tricked and again report a t on the end So far for e reporting e on the end Do you put a s t on the end? Air Z and man you put a t on the end via think in Viet Think in means we drink or were drinking Viet drinkin and you put on e n on the end Z think in Is he thinking means you drink or your drinking. Is he thinking you put an e n on the end of this one? And is he drinking again this time with a lover? Case s means they drink or they're drinking. Is he thinking? So you add an e and S t a t for the next three and then for the last three Port e n on the end So it trinka do thinks that linked the drink man. Trent Viet Lincoln is the tanking and the tanking. That means I've drink You drink, He drinks, she drinks one drinks We drink, you drink and they drink. 4. German Structure 2 Chapter 2b: now just a few things to note about this. You'll notice that there are three words that look the same Z is he tanked? She drinks Fizzy Drink in with a capital s means you drink and Zita Lincoln with a lover case s means they drink now This can cause a little bit of confusion in German because, well, when you're speaking, you can't see a capital letter. But the end off the verb tells you who's doing the drinking. So when you here's the well, that could mean either she you or they If the very ends in a t, then you'll know what matter relates she. So is he linked? Can only mean she drinks. So if you hear Z and it ends in a t, you know she on the word Z when it's talking about she has a lover case s, then we have. Is it Lincoln and the Tank in which both sound exactly the same in writing. If you put a capital s for the thinking, it means you drink. And if you put a lower case s, it means they drink. However, in speaking, you can't hear the capital letters. So does he think and can mean Either you drink or they drink now. Usually this won't be an issue, because the context we'll tell you who they're talking about. And so if somebody's talking about they, then you know that Z would mean they wouldn't certainly change the meaning to you. But sometimes it can be tricky. And so in German, they have an extra word for they. In times when it's unclear de so easy to think in, others had come in. You drink or bathe drink, but it is unclear as to which, when you're talking about, you can use D thinking to mean they drink. So if you mean they drink, then you can say either Z tankan or D think in usually Z is used. Port de is that just in case it gets a bit unclear. That's the first thing. The second thing to note is that there are two words for you. You've got do drinks and is it thinking well in English? We used to also have two words for you. We used tohave vow and you on the word vow was used only when you're talking to friends. Well, in German, the word do is the equivalent of the word vow. And so you use do when you're talking to a friend. So if you ask someone, do you drink alcohol in German? If their friend you would use do If you're talking to somebody who you don't know quite so well, then you would use the So I really do is the informal way of saying you and Z is the former way of saying you Z also has a second meaning. If you're talking to a group of people and you're calling them all you, then you would use the Z is also the plural word for you in American English. They use the word your so the is the current off your so do is you. When talk to a friend, Z is used when you're talking in a more formal situation or if you're talking to a group of people 5. German Structure 2 Chapter 2c: so the endings for the present tense R E S T T T and T e N E n and E n on this works for a large portion of ribs in gym, and there are a few ribs that we call irregular verbs, and they don't do this. But most webs and German do do this. Let's look at another example. Makin Mackin means to make muffin. So first you take off the N and then you add the ending, depending on who you're talking about. So e mca I make do maxed you make am act he makes is the math she makes. Monmouth one makes V a muffin. We make Z muffin you make and Z makin they make, and that could also be DeMatha. What I can do is put these endings into a table to make it easier for you to remember them . So we've got the persons in German R E, which means I do, which means you mean talking to one person, and we'll put the next three into one group themselves Air Z and man, he she and one. And in actual fact, these we can call the 1st 2nd and third person. So Ik is the first person or I do or you is the second person. And then as e Inman. He she or one is the third person and these are all talking about. One person is the EQ I. I'm just one person do is used when you're talking to one person. He is one person. She is one person. One is definitely one person where we could make the more plural. If you make eye plural in English, forget we. And in Germany, we get via Servia is the first person plural. If you're talking to more than one, you in gym and you get the and Z is the second person plural. And if you're talking about a group of men, a group of women or a group of men and women, then we call them they. Which in German is the and Z? Well, don't forget. There's also the wood D for when it's not quite so clear that you mean they but they is the third person plural. So we've got EQ two and l demon are the 1st 2nd and third person singular, and then via Ze and XE or D, are the 1st 2nd and third person plural and the endings we add to the end of the verb. Once we've taken the e n off our E for a esty for Do T for Air Z orman and then all the plural have e N c E n for via E N for C and e n for C or d. That's the present tense. 6. German Structure 2 Chapter 2d: What I'll do now is put all the infinitive that will end in the first structure into the present tense for you along with their meanings. See if you can spot the patterns on the verbs and an e S t and T e N E N E n. Except for the irregular verbs, Of course, the irregular verbs do that little thing, so s and is actually an irregular verb. So we'll start with an irregular verb s and means to eat. Now it's only irregular for the do on the as the Inman forms of the verb. So if we take off the e n off Essen and then putting e on the end, you get ik Essar. Essa means I eat or I'm eating. Then it becomes irregular for the next two due east due east means you eat or your eating due east. So the e tears into an eye due east. In fact, Air Z and Munn also do the same thing. Air East means he eats or he's eating the ist she eats or she's eating on Man east. One eat or once eating and then via Essen is we eat or were eating Zs and you eat or your eating and Z or DS and they eat or they're eating. I think in means to drink. Tinker, I drink or I'm drinking. Do thanks to you drink or your drinking air thanked. He drinks or he's drinking. Is it tanked? She drinks or she's drinking. Man Tricked one drinks or ones drinking Viet Lincoln We drink or were drinking? Is he thinking you drink or your drinking and the hors d Thinking Bay drink or their drinking best? Ellen Bush Stellan means to order Bush. Stellan Stella means I order or I'm ordering Dobisch danced. Means you order or your ordering ambush tent, he orders. Or he's ordering Z. Bush dealt, She orders, or she's ordering. Man, Bush dealt one orders or one is ordering. Be able still in we order or were ordering zebra stallion means you order or your ordering And ze best Eleanor de badged Crystalline is Bay Order or they're ordering. That's That's a regular very just take off E n. And you add the normal endings E, S, T and T and then e n For all the plural versions v SZ and the 7. German Structure 2 Chapter 2e: poor be on means to try. Pop Yellen, We get the word probe from this view probe something, then you're taking a sample of it. You're trying it so poor Beyond is to try Poor mia means I try. I'm trying. Do poor Biest means you try or you're trying a probe. Yet he tries. Oh, he's trying the pope, yet she tries. Or she's trying, man, probably it one tries or wants trying via poor beyond We try or we're trying Z po beyond you. Try or you're trying and Z or depot beyond they try or they're trying. Sometimes when you get regular verbs, it's good to read them out one after the other to get the pattern in your head. If you just do the EQ do, then put L. Z and month as one to say air, then via Ze and XE. Then you'll get something like this phobia. How do poor Biest appropriate? The UPA beyond depot beyond depot, be on and it will help to get the pattern into your head a bit more. The next verb is bit silent but silent, which means to pay, so the zed in but silent while is that in German Sorry is pronounced like a t s sound. So bit silent is to pay. And so you take off the e n a Newport E for a bit. Saleh means I pay your I'm paying do bits fast is you pay or you're paying ambit salt. He pays or he's paying Z pit salt. She pays or she's paying Munn bits out. One pays, or one is paying via but silent. We pay or we're paying Z. But Stalin you pay or you're paying and z pit silent or deep. It's sudden they pay or they're paying Macken. Nowadays, bear means to do or to make as little meetings or do and make are both Marken, and it's irregular verbs. So you take off the ian and then add the normal endings. Maka means I do or I make do maxed. You do well, you make and mocked. He does or he makes. Is he mapped? She does, or she makes man marked wonders, or one makes the American we do. What we make is he mackin you do or you make and a Z mackin all de Macon they do or they make so again you can go through it like a pattern. Ik McAdoo. Maxed and matched being Mackenzie Mackenzie Mackin, even McAdoo, Max AM Act the A McEntee, McKinsey Marken And eventually, if you say that over and over, the pattern will start to form itself in your head and it's just handy toe have, in case you forget, have to congregate in the present tense, you say one of the ribs in the pattern in your head, and then you can help to remind yourself. 8. German Structure 2 Chapter 2f: meeting meeting means to hire meeting and it's a regular verb. You meet her, do meatiest and meet it. Is he? Meet it, man, Meet it. Veum eaten the meeting and the hors d meeting father means to go. Now Farhan is used to mean to go when you're going somewhere, not on foot. So if you're going by car or by any form of transport, in fact, you can use Father. If you're going on foot, you have another way of saying go which is gay in. But father is to go by any modes of transport except for on foot. Now, far in is slightly irregular. Only because when you're talking about do and as yeoman, then you have to put it all out over the A. When you put a normal out over an A it stop sounding like an R sound so far becomes an it sound. So fair will be this the sound that you hear in those two. And usually when you get in the regular verb, it tends to be irregular only for the do and the as Ian Man forms, usually the via on busy and the sea are not irregular and Neither is the EQ. That's usually the rule. If you get an irregular verb so far and for the do and the air, sea and man, we're putting normal out over the A So we get father do fast. So the A sounds like an A rather than us and it father do fast. A fact is the fact man fat via Fallon is the father and the father. So the father do fast F ELT is the fat man fair the father Zafar and Andy Fallon. That's to go when you're going using some form of transport. If you're going on foot in gym and you use the web, GAN gain Sergei and means to go on Fort Gan. This is not irregular, so it's just a normal verb. Gear do based a gate is the gate Man Gate V again? Is he gan? And again? I mean, I go, you go, he goes, she goes, one goes, we go, You go on and they go. So just remember that father is used to mean to go when you're using a motor transport and gain means to go on foot 9. German Structure 2 Chapter 2g: the web Nayman Nayman means to take name and and you conjugated name means I take all I'm taking and then do nips. So this change is quite a lot. Do names means you take or your taking in a similar fashion we have and for he takes or he's taking Zien Imp she takes or she taking on a man named one takes or ones taking. Then via Nayman we take or we're taking ze name and you take or your taking and Z or d name and they take or they're taking. And so again, this verb is only irregular for the do and then the air Z and man forms of the congregation It Nema do names and viene Ammons the name and the name ha been Harvin means to have happen . This is quite an irregular verb again in the do and the air Z and man forms So we have EQ harbor is I have what I'm having du hast is you have or you're having a hat he has or he's having Z hat. She has, though she's having man Hat one has or one is having via Harbin we have or we're having is he Harbin you have or you're having and z and D Harvin for they have or they're having. And so again, it's irregular for the do l Z and man, but it's quite normal for the EAC via on the to the forms, so it harbor du hast hat via Harbin. Z happens he have in now. This next vote hasn't normal out over the A, which means the A's pronounced like an A sound end Down en down means to change and down. This one doesn't end in an e n and there are a few verbs that don't this one just ending letter end. And so we take the end off and then we add the normal endings. E ender, huh means I change. Well, I'm changing. Do Indust means you change or your changing air in debt. He changes or she he's changing Z and at she changes or she's changing. Man end at one changes or one is changing and then, via end down goes back to the whole verb via and down means we change or were changing Z and then you change or your changing and the hors d and down they change or they're changing. So we endeavor to end dust and that via end down is he end down, zn down. 10. German Structure 2 Chapter 2h: Kalfin. Kalfin means to buy Kalfin. This is a regular verb, Cal for I buy or I'm buying Duke Oust you buy or you're buying and coughed. He buys or he's buying. Is he coughed? She buys or she's buying man coughed. One buys or one is buying via Kalfin. We buy or were buying Z Kalfin you buy or you're buying and Z or d Kalfin they buy or they're buying. And so this one is a regular there, so you can see the endings are E s t and then t t t for l z Inman and then e n for Via Z and the Calvert Duke Oust Health via Kalfin Decal Finzi Kalfin Unf Angan. Now this verb has something that's called a prefix in the little on on unfounded comes off when you congregate. This verbs there unf Angan means to start. If you look at the fang in part, you congregate that and then placed the gun on the end. So we get e finger on on the an is a separate words that if anger on means I start or I'm starting the verb Fang gun by itself actually means to catch or to grab something and the on means own. So it literally means to catch on or to grab onto something which is to start. And so an fangman means to start in English. The on comes on the end. If you treated as to catch on, we say I catch on, and in German it's the same. But when you get the verb, it's unfounded and you conjugated as ik finger on for I start what I'm starting for. The do a rosy and man forms off this verb. The A gets an all out in fang gun. And so when a hasn't, I'm glad it's pronounced like an A and so we get Do thanks to on Do Thanks, Dan means you start or your starting a Think on. He starts. So he's starting. Is he thanked on She starts or she's starting month inked on one starts or one is starting . Then the normal out disappears for the Via Z and the form via fungal. On. We start always starting Z Phangnga. None. You start or your starting and Z or de funding an they start or they're starting. So if anger on do pfingst an air, think on Via Fongern, an Zi fang on Zi Fang in an and so unfunny Egan has a prefix that falls off when you conjugated and goes to the end as a separate word. 11. German Structure 2 Chapter 2i: this next verb is the most irregular verb in German design. Zain means to be and it changes throughout the whole of the Congregationalist eso design becomes been ive been. This means I am or I'm being do best means you are or you're being At least he is Or he's being Z East. She is or she is being man east. One is or one is being V isn't when you have a d on the end of a word in German, it sort of sounds like a T serve isn't means we are or were being isn't you are or your being And the hors d isn't they are or their being So this is a very irregular verb. It's been do based at East V isn't isn't isn't but again it's irregular in English, too. I am. You are. He is. We are You are and they are looks nothing. None of those look anything like the web be. This is a village that's irregular both in German and in English. Now we already saw that the verb gain means to go gain. But if you put a prefix on Gan, we get house began our skin and the word house means out So house again means to go out or to leave so our skin to go out or to leave. And this is another world that has a prefix. When you have a prefix on a verb new conjugated the prefix falls off and goes to the end as a separate word. So house again. Well, congee ate the gay in part on Port House on the end. So we've already seen how to congregate Gain we had Gaia is I go where? If you bought the house in the end we get each game house, which means I go out or I leave. So I go out or I leave or I'm going out and I'm leaving. Gatehouse do guesthouse You go out or you leave or you're going out and you're leaving. And Gate House he leaves or he goes out Z Gate House She leaves or she goes out, man Gatehouse One leaves or one goes out or one is leaving. Um, one is going out. Be again house We leave or we go out or we're leaving on. We're going out Z again. Else you leave or you're leaving or you go out or you're going out. And the hors d gang house They leave or they're leaving. They go out or they're going out. So gay in is the very when we have the prefix house that goes in front of it. And when you conjugated the house goes to the end. Get house Do guesthouse a gate house, the gatehouse Man Gate else v again else Ziggy and else and begin house. One thing to note now, but I will reiterate it later on is that if you have a prefix on a verb, it goes to the end When you conjugated. In fact, it goes to the end of the whole sentence. So if you had a sentence like I'm going out tomorrow, you would say in German Gaia, Morgan House when the house goes in the very end off the sentence 12. German Structure 2 Chapter 2j: this next baby is quite easy to guests. What it means. Bullingdon Blinken means to bring Blinken, and it's a regular verb. We get Blangger. I bring grim, bringing do blinks, too. You bring go, you're bringing a blinked he brings. Or he's bringing Z blinked. She brings or she's bringing man blinked one brings or ones bringing via Bring in We bring your way, bringing Z Bo Hinggan you bring or your bringing and Z Bullingdon or dimpling and they bring or they're bringing. So that's a normal regular lab Blangger do banks have linked via behind guns implying and simple ing in. Now House given house given means to spend money on this has the prefix house again. The very gave in by itself means to give so house given means literally to give out on When you give out money, you're spending it. Their house Caven means to spend or to spend money. So again, because its gotta prefix the prefix goes to the end and we look at the verb Gaiman by itself. When we conjugated, he gave the house I spend or I'm spending do Gibbs House you spend or your spending and so they gave in the E and gave in becomes an eye for the do form. Gibbs House misses the same for the next three forms to a gift house means he spends or he's spending Z gift house she spends or she's spending money kept house one spends or one is spending via given house we spend always spending. Is he gave in house you spend or your spending on the hors d given else they spend or their spending. So we get gave a house do gives the house a gift house via given House Z given house is he gave in else. So I was given to suspend money. This next bit of Fiddling gun is to spend time for Bullingdon. We're gonna get this as a football. Inga is I spend, or I'm spending time do from banks you spend or your spending time f a blinked he spends or he's spending Z for blinked. She spends, or she's spending. Just. One thing to note is that the V is pronounced like an F in German. So for buying gun so easy for blinked man for blinked one spends or what is spending via fumbling in, we spend or we're spending zifa Blinken you spend or your spending and the hors d for billing and they spend all their spending. 13. German Structure 2 Chapter 2k: Zan Zan. This means to see is a in and it's irregular for the duel on the Elysian Man forms, but regular for the rest. So Zia is I see or I'm seeing it there. Do this do this means you see or your seeing. And so the e becomes an I e. Do this, as it meant he sees or he's seeing. Is it she see that what she's seeing? And, man, is it one sees or one of seeing V. Azan is We see your blessing is he's an you see or you're seeing aan zee or disease in they see or they're seeing. So is there do exist as it via Zen Jizan disease in this next verb has a prefix on often on often means to call an orphan. It means to call on the phone. The Verba orphan by itself means to call someone as in to shout them. But an orphan is to call someone up, so two calls him on the phone so the man falls often goes to the end, and we just congregate the orphan part. Big Hofer on I call or I'm calling or ITRI. I'm calling Do Wolf's on you call or your Corning a roof on, he calls. Or he's Corning. Izzy Hoeft on, she calls. Or she's calling man often on one calls or one is calling. If you often un we call or recording zero often an you call or your calling and C or D hoffan an they call. And they're calling so equal fan door host and aircraft and via often Andi often anti often . And when Bligh Bond belive in means to stay in German Bligh been and you can get this IKB labor is I stay where I'm staying. Do blinds, you stay or your staying am liked. He stains or he's staying z biped. She stays or she's staying. Munn blind one stays or one is staying via belive in We stay or with staying Zieba live in you stay or you're staying and Zebra Ivan or Deep Liben is they stay or they're staying. It flies. Do blinds have liked? We have live in deep liability. Lighten 14. German Structure 2 Chapter 2l: then we have the VEB finned in finned in means to find finned in. So we get a fender I find or I'm finding defender defend ist So this one he put in S t on the end. But your support e been dissed means you find or your finding f IND it he finds though he's finding defend it, she finds or she's finding man fended one finds or one is finding the offender we find or we're finding the defendant you find or your finding and NZ or de finned in they find or that finding the same thing sort of happened to the verb meeting, which means to hire for the do and the air zn man forms You added e s t and e t instead of just an S t and a t. So when you have a verb that ends any that t e n like meeting or d e n like finned in for the do and the air zn man forms, you add an e s t or an e t rather than just the s t on the tea, Mr. Because it makes it easier to say. And so if you imagine the do form. If there were no either. You'll get doof inst and for he she in one, you'll get F IND. And so it's harder to pronounce without the so offend it is he finds or his finding and defended. So you at the E Before you put the T in this offender, defend ist offended the defendant. Defendant defend Zaken means to say or to tell Zaken ik Zayda, I say or I tell. Do's axed, you say, or you tell as act he say's Or he tells is act, she say's or she tells man's act. One saves or one tells via Zarkin. We say, or we tell Z's argon you say or you tell and C or D Zaken, they say. Or they tell This is a regular, exciting news axed as act via sagen disease, argon disease, argon. And then we have another verb, which has a prefix uncommon, uncommon means to arrive common by itself means to come. An uncommon changes the verb to arrive so the and fourth often goes to the end. E comma on I arrived. Well, I'm arriving literally on can mean quite a few things, but here, if you think of it as open so to come up when something comes up and it's arriving Is there a comma on? I'm coming or I'm arriving. Do comes on you arrive or you're arriving air. Come on, He arrived or he is arriving Z, come on, she arrives or she's arriving. Man, come on. One arrives or one is arriving via comin on. We arrived or were arriving de common. And you arrived or you're arriving And the common an hors d common and they arrive or they're arriving. 15. German Structure 2 Chapter 2m: Now this next vote has a very specific meaning. Four name and four name and means to make a reservation four name and four name. And China has a feel hung associate with the word has a feel drunk, which means a reservation quite a lot. Now it's made up off the verb Nayman, which means to take and then four, which means before, and see if you can imagine taking something beforehand or taking your reservation before hands and reserving something. So four name and I know has a feel Hung is to make a reservation on before is a prefix. So you congregate Nayman the same way as we did before the name and was to take. And then you put the four on the end. So IK name at four means I make or I'm making if you put the word reservation in there before still goes to the very end. So you say ik nema. I know it's a feel long for I make a reservation or I'm making a reservation. So e name of full do nips for you make or your making and for he makes or he's making is the name for she makes or she's making. So again if you put the word reservation and they would say is he nipped? I know has a feeling for she's making a reservation. Man named for one makes or one is making via via Nayman for we make or we're making is he name and four you make or you're making and C or D name and four. They make all their making, and so the reservation part can go in there before the the word for is the name and Ida has a few hung for them making a reservation. So it name a four do names for an impactful via name, and four is the name and four and the name and four. Ah, no matter how many things you put in the sentence, the four we'll always go to the end. So I'm making the reservation. Tomorrow would be name A. Morgan, I know has a feeling for 16. German Structure 2 Chapter 2n: that was a lot of verbs in the present tense in structure to the second part is an inverted present tense. If you look at all the present tense verbs your lotus there are two words To invert them just means to switch them around. For example, if you have Z for Bullingdon, which means you spend all your spending time than to inverted you get footballing. Ganzi, Which means are you spending or do you spend time? So that's how a practice with the inverted present tense by translating some of these sentences. Where are we eating? How do you say that in German Von Essen via of all s in via so you say war was just wear and then via s and means we eat. So you switch them around and get Essen via. Are we eating more s And via how are you paying V? But Salins e v. But Sanousi or you want to use do you say we but cioust toe we But Cioust Who When are we going out? Varun Gandhi House Van Gambia House. So if you can remember the verb to go out or to leave is house again. So it has a prefix When you have a very that separates like our skin in the present tense the house goes to the end. So we've said before V again else we go out. When you invent these types of web, you switch around the verb with subject pronoun. So you switch the verb with the I you he she part. But the the extra prefix stays at the end. So v again house becomes Gandhi house when it's inverted. So van again via house When will be giving out What are you trying? Vasp Obiang Dizzy Vaz rbnz vast lobbyist do vast Pope Pius to do What is he eating? The vast east air must east air. 17. German Structure 2 Chapter 2o: by building questions using structure to. You'll not only get more familiarized with a vocabulary in structure, but you're also without even trying, reduced the time it takes for you to string a sentence together. So that's do a few more. How do you say in German what you're doing best McKinsey or vast Max to do? How is he paying? V? But Solitaire V. But salt air? Well, how would you say, What are they trying? Vast, Poor, beyonc? Vast phobia. Lengthy or how you say, Where are you going? Voting. Gansey. Vortgyn Gansey. Now you're probably thinking, what is going on? Why isn't just a war Gansey? Well, Voisin is used to mean where in this example, instead of vole in German, there are two words for where we have evolved and volume the two ways both mean where but they're both used in different ways. Most of the time, you could just use evolved as we have been doing to mean where, however, there is one occasion where your use vocation. Instead, whenever you're talking about going, you have to use of Ohene. The word of O him literally means to wear. So, really, whenever you use the word gain or Fallon, then in a question you would use of all human instead of rule. So, for example, where you going? You can either be voicing Ganzi or bore him far Kanzi Salutary to where are you going? Because in German you're always going to somewhere so evoking Ganzi to where are you going or where is he going? Vocation. Get air or void in fact, air to where is he going or where are we going voiding gang via or voting Farhan via literally to wear? Are we going? So whenever you're talking about going somewhere using the gain and file and you're using the word where and you would use of Ohene instead of just vote because vocation means literally to where rather than just where and in German, whenever you're talking about going, you always have to go to somewhere servo him Gansey to where are you going or where you're going 18. German Structure 2 Chapter 3: just like with structure one instructed to. There is also an optional part that you can put on the end. The extra information, the extra information are all denounce adjectives. Time was accepted that we comport onto the end of sentences. For example, what are you doing is vast McKinsey. But you can also say, What are you doing tonight? Vaz McKinsey. We are banned. Or Where you eating tomorrow of all SNC Morgan. Where you going now? Roshan Gandhi. It's. Here's a list off extra information words that you could use. So it's a very short list. The list is endless. You can put any announces, adjectives, adverbs except drawn to the end. But we have things like Morgan means tomorrow. Quetta means today Rita are banned. Means tonight that you that means today evening goiter armed yet is now She beta means later. Nef Deutschland to Germany in Deutschland in Germany, in a restaurant means at the restaurant or to the restaurant That's hensh in means the chicken identify Carter. A ticket. Phil Pound for Paul here means here. So now you're armed with some extra information words. Let's make your questions a little more adventurous. How do you say in German what you're doing now? Vast McKinsey. It's or vast maxed Do yet. What you buying for, Paul? Vast coffins, Evil power or pascal's to duke their power. What time are we eating? Later. And vehicle or s and D s better in V Feel or s and Josh Baiter. 19. German Structure 2 Chapter 4a: manipulating, structured to you can manipulate structure to in many different ways. For example, you can take certain bits out to make different types of questions. You don't always have to stick a question word on the start. Let's see what happens when you don't put the question. Would on How do you say in German? Are you eating SNC and East to? So there's no question word on this question. It's simply the the inverted present tense. SNC are you eating? How would you say, Are they eating here? Essence a year SNC here? Or how would you ask? Are you paying the bill? But saddened Didi Ackman. But salinity Diokno or its size to the hackneyed it sounds to do the iconic Well, How would you say, Are you buying some cheese? The way for some in German is adverse conference yet Keyser Conferencia at Fast Keyser or counts to address Keyser, Say, put it of us in front of anywhere name. Come in. Some at first also means something, so you'll see both meanings. Some on something address. How would you say, Are you going now again? Deitz gainsay. It's or guest do, yet I am. I paying the bill, but Salik direct but Salik directly. Let's have a quick recap off all the question words on some of the more common inverted present tense verbs in German. And then we can start building some different questions for structure to How do you say in German? Where Room. What vests at what time? In V floor. When Van. How v which or which one beta? Why Valium? How much? 15. How many v. Fieler, How long Villalonga coun vain. 20. German Structure 2 Chapter 4b: How do you say in German? Are you eating SNC? Is he drinking? I think air. Are you ordering best NZ? Are we trying probably 100 years. Are you paying? But salinity? Is she doing Maxie? I'll be hiring meeting via Is he going Gate Air? Are you taking name NZ? Does she have hat? See? Are we changing in den via, um I buying call for e Are you starting finding theon? Are they? Isn't he? Are we going out Gan via house? Are they leaving game the house? Are you bringing buying NZ? Is he spending money? Gift our house Is he spending time for blinked air? Are we seeing is the interview Are you calling over the gun? Are they staying? Liben z do you find pendency? 21. German Structure 2 Chapter 4c: How would you ask this in German? What is he doing? Best muffed air. Vast muffed air. How are you paying the bill V? But Silence Deaniac or we besides to be hacking. Which one is she buying? Very quick off. See? Very good coffee. Why? I'll be hiring a call volume meeting. Leah, I'm out. Volume meeting? Yeah, an auto. How much are you eating? Defeat? SNZ Or if you feel, is to do where you hiring a call? Vomiting Pianalto or will meet us to an auto. When are they eating? Von Essen? Z Von Essen Z. What time you going? Convicted. What? Gansey Or in vehicle? What? Guest toe? 22. German Structure 2 Chapter 5a: do versus ING. Now English has more ways off saying the same thing than Jim Enders. So sometimes things can get a little confusing when you're asking a question using structure to in English there are two ways to say it. What are you eating or what do you eat in German? These are both the same vast SNC. This is because firstly, there is no ing in German and secondly, the question would do doesn't exist in Germany either. If neither of those words exist or you have left is what you eat. So to make it into a question, the Germans flip the verb on the pronoun around. What eat you thus SNC. So because the thing doesn't exist, we can say that in German there is no ramming is in or are ring for example, where I am I going? Where is he going? Where are you going? Therefore whenever you see that, just look at what the veil is. Where are you going? Well, you take away the r on the end and you're left with where you go or literally in German you would say Where go you voting gainsay voting gainsay. Similarly, that little question would do that often appears in English. Questions doesn't exist in German either, so just ignore it. When do you leave? We'll take away the do and you get when you leave or in Germany, or say when leave you van gained the house so there's no in or do in German questions. And there are two ways to ask questions in English. Whereas there is just one way in German vast SNC in German can be. What do you eat or What are you eating? One gained. The hours can mean in German. When do you leave or when are you leaving? So there's always a do form and an art form in German van in common the means. When do they come, or when are they coming? 23. German Structure 2 Chapter 5b: So how would you ask In German. Where you eating? Oh, snz over is to do How would you ask? Where do you eat Voice Cindy or voices to do so? It's the same again. When does he come? Van comped. Air van calmed air. When is he coming? Van camp there. Van camp there. When do we arrive? Van Community on Van Community on When are we arriving? Van Common Via on Van Common Via on Why do you say that? Volumes, Agassi. Death volumes axed to death Why are you saying that about homes? Agassi Death overall homes axed to death. What are they doing? Best McKinsey Vast McKinsey. What do they do? Vast Mackenzie Vest Mackenzie. What do they drink? Vast 10 Kinsey. The best thing. Kinsey. What I drinking? The best thing. Kinsey. Vast drinkin Z. What are you eating? SNZ or that ceased to What do you eat? That's SNC or us East to where is he going? Royan Gate Air voiding gate Air 24. German Structure 2 Chapter 5c: How would you ask? In German. Where does he go? Avoiding gate air voiding gate air. What are they saying? Sagon z The vast zag NZ What do they say here? Investors Actions. He here Vast zag NZ here. How do you say? Does he speak English? Split their English swift out English. Is he speaking English? Strict air English quipped air English. Does she arrive tomorrow? Cumpsty Morgan An come to see Morgan. And so whenever you have a verb that has the little extra bit called the prefix if you put it into the present tense in a sentence or a question the prefix goes to the very end So comped Izzy Morgan on So the an goes to the end. Is she arriving tomorrow? Committee Morgan on Come to see Morgan. And what time did they leave? Tonight? MVV organza with happened house. And if you go against what happened House. What time are they leaving tonight on vehicle organza. What happened? Hours and Vicky were against burrito happened house. How many pizzas are you ordering? We feel pizza, Special agency or we feel the pizza specials to do. How many pizzas do you want? A usually the word for usually in German is Governor Li government. We feel the pizzas pushed an anti government or the fear the pizzas Bush tells to do differently. 25. German Structure 2 Chapter 5d: How would you ask? How much wine did he drink? We feel fine. Drinks there. V Feel vine thanked air. How much wine is he drinking? We feel fine. Think there. If you feel vine think. There. What are they making? Vast McKinsey. Vast McKinsey. What do they meet best? My frenzy. Vast Mackenzie. Are you trying the wine poor beyond Gideon Vine or publicists? Do they in vine? Do you try the wine? Poor beyond Zidane Vine or populist Dane Vine. Are you making your reservation? Name and see China has a feeling for and names to do I know has a feeling for Do you make a reservation? Usually name and Digger Vernick And as a young for or names do give early on as a young for what do you having best happens? Well, that has to do. What do you have that's happens? He of us has to do where they eating tomorrow? More s and P. Morgan of all snc Morgan, Are you reaching with me today? Essence your way to meet me here? Or is to do quite a bit Mir now in English. When you say are you eating with me today we put the Today on the end. In German, you always have to put the word for today in front off anything else in the extra information. So SNC whiter Mitt Mia. That's because in German there's a rule that whenever you're talking about a time phrase, the time in the extra information section has to come in front of everything else. So if you have lots of different extra information, if there's a time in there, so today or tomorrow or tonight or at three o'clock, then all of those phrases have to go in front of anything else. When she said the verb. So SNC goiter are you eating today, Mitt Mia with me so that today goes in front off the with me, as is the ultimate meal is the winter Meet Mia. 26. German Structure 2 Chapter 5e: How would you say in German? When is he calling Van Hoof? Tallinn van moved an When does he cool? Van hooved at on Van hoof An what do you ordering for us? Bash first. Aren t films, vast Christianity films or vast bush test two phones. Is she ordering for me as well? But stealthy out for me, Miss Stealthy out for me. Why are you here? About him. Isn't he here? Or zombies? Do here? Why are they here? Volumes in see here volumes in see here. What are you doing here? The vast majority here or vast Max to do here. Which one is she buying? Very good health, etc. Very good health. Dizzy Which ones do you have? Very haven't see or America has to. Are you being stupid since the doom or best to doom? Are we leaving soon? Gain the about house gain via about house to relieve soon again. Be about house gay and V about house 27. German Structure 2 Chapter 5f: How would you say in German? Are you drinking the wine thinking Zidane vine or thanks to rain vine? Do you drink wine? Think is divine or thinks divine. How are you going to Germany? V. Fallon's in act ocean and or the fast to knock Toseland. So in this sentence, we use foreign instead of again. Because when you're going to Germany, it's more likely that you're going to be using a mode of transport rather than walking. When are they going out? Run? Gained the house run gains the house. When did they go out? Run! Gandhi House Run! Gains the house. Are you going out later? Gains speed House for a guest to spit house. Is he leaving today? Gate, Air. Hotel, House, Gate Air with house. Is he here? Yes, they're here. Is there here? Are we speaking with heaven? Sparking Vehement. Helen speaking via mid Helen. Who are you calling? Vinho pantheon. Vain. Opens the on or vein. Almost two on. What do you taking with you tomorrow? Fast name Andy Morgan met Een in or last names to Morgan Media. So the Morgan has to get in front of the with new because it's a time phrase and with you in German. While there are two ways to say it depending on whether you use Z or do if you use the than with you is Mitt Keenan A few years do then with you is midst dia. 28. German Structure 2 Chapter 5g: How would you say in German? What do you hate with you? Last name Intimate in or vast names to me, dear. What are they changing? Bus end NZ vast end NZ Why the changing the reservation volume and down zd as a few home volume and an ZD has a few hung. Where are we staying tonight? Vogue live in via what happened? Robe live in via what happened? Are you staying here blinding to here? Or bribes to do here? Does he stay here? Very often. Live as their off here. Blake airs their oft here. So they're often it means very often. And that's a time phrase. So it goes in front of the word here. So blind as there often here. What time you're eating. Do you feel what Cindy Viceroys To which one are you taking? Very name? Is he or where he names too? Why you going with them? Volume gains emit in in or volume gets to meet Ian. Why'd you go with them? Vallon Ganz Image in or volume guesstimates in. So that would you? Which is the has a capital s on the word for they has a lover case essence also Z Well, the same is true with with you with you Is mitt in in but a capital I with them is Mitt. Even with a lower case, I 29. German Structure 2 Chapter 5h: How many stay in German? Why are they going to believe volume? Farming's enough 1,000,000,000 Valium finds in the 1,000,000,000. Why did they go to Belene of our home fathers? Enough spending Valium finds in opinion. Why are you taking that? The home name is he does or volume names to breath. Why do you take that volume? Name? NZ deaths or volume names to Duda's. Whom is he seeing? Veins. It air vein. Is it there? Who are you seeing Van Zanzi or Vein Is this too? What are they bringing? Vasant? Klingons? E vast bring NZ. Where is she getting tonight? Before he gets the what? Arvind, before he gets the Oita happened, Why are you going now? Volume Ganzi ist oh volume gates to yet 30. German Structure 2 Chapter 6a: as a non question. So far we've only looked at structure to in a question form. However, you can also use it in a non question. Let's just start this chapter with a quick recap of the structure in the question from so structured to in the question format consists of just two parts vests. SNC, Which means what are you eating or what do you eat? Consists of a question word and in inverted present tense vests. SNC remember, we said you could also add the optional third party extra information and say something like Vaz SNC whereto happened. What are you eating tonight? To use this structure when you're not asking a question is quite simple. You just take the question. Word off. Andi, flip the inverted present tense back around. Let me show you what I mean. Let's compare a question, Onda. A non question in the structure to form Vaz SNC means what are they eating? What if you take the question word off and then switch around the Z on the S and we get Zs , which means they are eating the s and that tension they're eating the chicken, so the phrase SNC means are they eating? And if you flip it around, you get the essence, which means they are eating. Is it thinking means they are drinking? This recommit power they're speaking with pool is again Morgan. They're going tomorrow. One thing to know is that, just like with the question of former, the non question format can have two meanings, too. Every present tense babe in German can be translated in two ways into English, for example, ESA can mean either I eat or I'm eating. There's one way with an ng Andi. Another way, without the the expression can mean we speak or were speaking is again. Else means they leave or they're leaving. Do best test means you order or your ordering, so there's always one way that hasn't eating, and then one way that doesn't have an ink. But in German, it's always just the present tense. So how would you say in German? She is buying something here for Pool de coughed advocacy for power Is he coughed atmosphere for power 31. German Structure 2 Chapter 6b: How would you say? In gym? And they're buying the wine later. It's a coffin. Then vanish. Beta is a coffin, then vines baiter. Well, how would you say I see Maria Zeya. Maria is a Maria. I'm buying something here. You call for it with here. Call for it was here. We're buying something at the supermarket. The account from Adverse in super mkt. The accounting at first Instagram Act. I'm buying some cheese If you count for advice Keyser become for it was Keyser. I'm buying something for my mom Here It covers a vast film. Minamoto here he counter at first film Minor motor here He's very tired. It's Zambrotta eight Zambrotta And there tomorrow Even Morgan Daut. It's been Morgan Daut. So again Because you've got a time phrase, Morgan. It goes in front off Daut. He's bringing everything for pool and bring Alice feel power. Ambling Tallis, fill power. I'm bringing some few tomorrow. He pointed Morgan Adverse Essence playing the Morgan advices. I'm saying something. Eggs Aga. Eight of us. Exactly. It of us 32. German Structure 2 Chapter 6c: How would you say in German? They're bringing some wine for Inga Is implying in at first Vine feel Inga. Is he bring an adverse vine Feel Inga, She's starting soon. Is he thanked about on? Does he think about on? We're eating at the restaurant. The S and M. A restaurant. There s and M Arrest a hunt. You're leaving Tomorrow is again. Morgan House is again Morgan House. He's buying something in 1,000,000,000 account Atlas in Bellion. A coughed adverse in Bellion. You're going to Berlin soon. Is the far in about nine billion Or do fast belt enough bending? They're leaving Tonight is again How it happened? House is again. What happened? House. They're eating at mind. Tomorrow is the S And Morgan by Mia is the s and Morgan by media. I'm seeing poor later. It's their power skater. It's their powers. Later you're eating something The s and adverse the s and it for us or due east at us 33. German Structure 2 Chapter 6d: How do you say in German? We're bringing everything with us tomorrow. We're bringing Morgan. Alice Mitt wants very boring. And Morgan, Alice Mittens. I'm doing something. The market for us. You might edge for us. You're spending too much money. The given to feel guilt house, or do get to feel guilt house so literally It means you're giving too much money out or they're spending too much money. I find the hotel terrible. It offended us Hotel strictly. If indeed, that's hotel quickly. I'm changing the reservation now. It ended her yet. Diaz A few home. It ended her. Yet Do has a feel you're buying too much. Is he confident to feel or do crafts to field? I'm buying something here. It called for. It was here. Call for it was here. We're going to 1,000,000,000 their father Bellen Therefore in knocked Allen He's drinking something. It tanked at for us. A drink at us. I am bringing Helen tomorrow. Bring a Helen Morgan. If Brenda Helen Morgan 34. German Structure 2 Chapter 6e: I have to say in German, I'm buying something for Maria E Comfort with female here Calver at first film Maria, we're speaking v a speck in V expression. We're starting now via funding yet stun via funding yet stun. I'm ordering a bottle of water for the table if Bush Stella in a flash of pastel filled in Tish if Stella on a flash of ASA feeling Teesh I'm ordering for you the best NFL is he Or if talking to a friend expressed L. A 30 she's calling pool Is he moved Powell on the hoof power on I'm calling Maria tomorrow He called from a here Morgan and Hauver Maria Morgan and are spending three weeks there exploring the high walking Dordt. If I bring a Dr Okun Dordt, I am ordering the chicken for Peter Uber started. Attention fell. Peter, If you understand, it doesn't mention fell. Patel. I'm changing the reservation. End up dear has a fail hung end of ideas. A feel young. I'm going now. Gay. It's if gay yet 35. German Structure 2 Chapter 6f: How would you say in German? He's eating something. At least at first. East it us. We're eating here today. Bs in Oita here the s and wait a here. So you have to put the word Heitor in front of here. Because Toyota is a time phrase on Dhere shows the place where something is the time always goes in front of things. They save us. And a waiter here. I'm doing everything later If Marcus Beta Alice Mca Beta Alice. So she beta again is a time freezing That has to go in front of you're in Berlin tomorrow. It isn't Morgan in Bellion or do best Morgan in Belling. They're starting soon. Is the funding boat on? Did he found in belt on? You're going to the hotel is again Sudan's hotel Or do guest suit this hotel? I'm buying something for Inga. He called for atmosphere. Inga, you can't for eight. Best fear, Inga. She's changing everything. The end out, Alice. The end It. Alice, they're calling Maria. Is he who often Maria on the hoffan. Maria on I'm in Frankfurt tomorrow. He's been Morgan in Frankfort. He been Morgan in Frankfurt. She's here today. Busiest quitter. Here is Twitter here 36. German Structure 2 Chapter 7a: How would you say in German were drinking the wine via tanking Dane Vine via tankan Dane Vine. So that's how you form the second structure in German in a non question form. So Z s and here that eating here. So the Zs and part is the present tense. And then you can add any extra information to the end of that, if you wish. So here's a quick recap off all the question words some inverted present tense verbs and some extra information in German. How do you say where? Vote what vests at what time? And if you were win van How v which or which one Beffa Why volume? How much the field? How many v Fieler? How long? V Linda whom? Vain. How do you say in German? Are you eating SNC? Is he drinking? Think air. Are you ordering best nz? Are we trying probably 100 years. Are you paying? But salinity? Is she doing Maxie? Are we hiring meeting via? Is he going Gate air? Are you taking name NZ? Does she have had the Are we changing in den via, um I buying call for E? Are you starting finding the on are they? Isn't he? Are we getting out Gan via house? Are you leaving game The house? Are you bringing Buying NZ? Is he spending money? Gift Our house. Is he spending time for blinked air? Are we seeing is the interview Are you calling over the gun? Are they staying? Bly. Benzie, Do you find tendency? How do you say tomorrow, Morgan? Today, Rita. Tonight we too are banned. No. Yet later. Beta to Germany. Mac Deutschland in Germany, In Deutschland, at the restaurant or to the restaurant. Interesting hunt. The chicken. That's Henshaw. A ticket. And if I got for Paul Fair powered. And here here. 37. German Structure 2 Chapter 7b: So how would you say in German, What are you bringing Vespa, Tranghese or best brings to? What is he eating? But East Air? Glassy stare. You're spending much too much money. Is the gaping feared to feel guilt house? Or do Gibbs Field to feel guilt else? What do you see? Vast. Zane's or vast is east to what are they going out? Vanga In the house. Van Ganzi House. I am bringing some wine for Peter. Tomorrow it's playing a Morgan adverse vine. Feel Peter playing a Morgan adverse vine. Feel Peter are eating at the hotel. Time? Yes, in Via Twitter are banned in Hotel Essen via Twitter. Happened in hotel? Are you calling Maria at quarter past four, Often Ze Maria on theater, like Fionn or host to Maria in theater like fear? Is she paying the bill but salad to see directing but South Muzi directly. How are you finding the film? The friend, indeed, in filling or beef in this to Dane filling 38. German Structure 2 Chapter 7c: How would you say in German, what time you starting? And if you were banging Dion or if it worked thanks to an which ones are they trying? Very Capobiancos e America poor Beyonc? What you doing tomorrow? Vast McKinsey. Morgan. Well, that's Max to do Morgan. He's buying the food later, a coughed US essence. Beta a cow after dust Essence beta. I'm going out later. Gaish Beta house cash Beta house. Are you going out Later. Game dish. Beta house or gays? Do spit house. Do you see the restaurant? Zanzi discussed a hunt or resist Dustbuster hunt. Are you trying the wine for beyond it and vine or probably ist to Dane Vine. Which one are you hiring Beckham Eaten Z or very committed to? Who are you seeing in Munich on the German word from Munich is mentioned. Vain Zanzi and mention or veins is to invention. Who is he seeing in Vienna on the word for Vienna in Germany's Wien? Vans it out in Wien. The vein Is it air in Wien 39. German Structure 2 Chapter 7d: How would he say in German, Who are you calling in Germany? Vain hope NZ endorsed land on or vain hopes to in Deutschland. So what you can see on the screen now is a table outlining all the three parts off the structure to in German. The question. Would the invaded present tense and the extra information you have all the question with their just a very small selection off invaded present tense phrases and a small selection of extra information. Where you can do with this table, however, is use it to gain fluency in using this structure. When you use the structure, you don't want to have to think about each part individually. What you want is to train your brain to be able to use it instantly without thinking to do this. What you want is for the words to flow off. You're talking easily if you practice by saying one sentence of or SNC Morgan, where are you eating tomorrow and say it two or three times out loud before SNC Morgan for SNC Morgan for SNC Morgan and then without stopping, try and change one part of it for SNC Morgan for SNC Morgan vote SNC Morgan for SNC Waiter . So you're changing one part without stopping. That helps you to get your tongue around this structure as you change bits. Trying to think What is this new sentence mean? So for SNC Morgan means where are you eating tomorrow? And then I changed it to Where are you eating today for SNC Twitter. So for SNC Morgan, for SNC Morgan for SNC Morgan Vote Essence the weight of or essence the way to vote SNC Hoyt. A vast essence. Your twitter so change a different part of assets enjoyed. What are you eating today or vast inked air? Wait, what is he drinking today and so changed one part. But say the sentence over and over just for a minute or so and it helps to get your tongue to really understand this structure, and your brain will turn it into a reflex, which means you've got to use it without thinking 40. German Structure 2 Chapter 8a: turning it all negative. There's one more useful thing that you can do to this structure quite easily. Make it negative. You can change the invaded present tense from positive to negative quite easily in English . Why are you going to Berlin? Becomes Why aren't you going? Two billion? Is he staying here? Becomes Isn't he staying here? Are they leaving tomorrow? Becomes. Are they leaving tomorrow in English? It's simply a matter of putting a little n apostrophe t after the is or are. Well, it's just a simple in German too. We have to do to turn the invaded present tense. Negative is put at neat after it. The word need means not, for example, gained the means. Are you going, Ganzi? Neat means. Aren't you going? You can do this with any inverted present tense in the question form, for example. Essence unique means. Aren't you eating or don't you eat? I think any. Isn't he drinking or doesn't he drink Best test. Do meet. Aren't you ordering or don't you order for beyond you need? Aren't we trying or don't we try Mukden? It isn't she doing? Or doesn't she do? It's asked to meet, Aren't you paying? Or don't you pay so literally? You're just putting the word. Not after the inverted present tense part essence you need literally means. Are you eating? Not so. How would you say in German? Why don't you try the wine volume? Hope beyond finished then vine or volume? Populist Unique. Dane Vine. Isn't he making a reservation marked an X in office. If Young Mac panicked, I know has a young Are they buying something for Maria Coffins? Unique atmosphere. Maria Cal Frenzy Next atmosphere. Maria, why don't we call Duca? Well home? Often be a neat Luca and well home opened, unique to look and 41. German Structure 2 Chapter 8b: How would you say in German? Why aren't you doing it? Volume Markazi sneaked or the home max to us? Me. When you have the word it or s in German, you tend to place it in front. Off the word need. That's why it's volume Baggins Mackenzie s need to save for the s in front of the need. You could also turn the non question present tense native. You do it in exactly the same way. You just put a neat after the verb. For example, Gaia means I'm going and gain eat means I'm not going literate. I'm going not You can do this with any of the present tense verbs. In the known question from, for example, it s and need means I'm not eating. Go. I don't eat Do Mac. It's neat. You're not doing well. You don't do. I think I need He isn't drinking or he doesn't drink. Is this quick to meet? She isn't speaking or she doesn't speak via Kalfin. Neat. We aren't buying or we don't buy. Is he gay and nicked house? You're not leaving or you don't leave the poor beyond. They're not trying or they didn't try just like in the positive present tense. There are always two ways in English to translate something from German in the negative. You can either say in English don't or, um are is not in, for example, it s a neat can either be translated as I don't eat or I'm not eating ash picked neat English could be translated either as he doesn't speak English or he is not speaking English. Let's have a quick first with these. How do you say in German? I'm not doing that today. The market does next. Twitter you McAdoo make twitter. And so deaths meaning that is used in a similar way to s in that it tends to go in front of the knee. If you didn't do this, the the sentence don't make sense. So it mackin neat dash waiter or McAdoo. Nick Twitter. It's just more common usage to put the deaths or the s in front of the nicht. We have a lot to He's not eating the chocolate. At least make the trip a lotta at least mixed the show. Kalata 42. German Structure 2 Chapter 8c: How do you say in German? They're not spending too much money? He gave the Knicks to feel guilt House is he gave the Knicks to feel guilt house. She's not calling Paul the hope nicked power on the host. Next power. And you're not leaving until later. Ziggy and nicked fish. Beta house order against Mitt MySpace House sobis means until so busy later. Until later. How would you say in German? I'm not hiring it. I'm buying it. Meet as neat cafes. The meat as sneaked Calver is so the S goes in front of the Nique in a meter s knee. But it's not a necessity. That's the more common usage. So if you said you can meet a neat s, that still makes sense in German communiqu s or committed as nicked both mean I'm not hiring it. 43. The Happy Linguist: If you would like some hints and tips on how to make the most out of these courses on how to accelerate your language learning, you can read through my articles on my blawg called The Happy Linguist. I have written almost 400 articles on their full of ideas to keep learning a language fresh and exciting, and I'm constantly updating it with new articles. For example, you can listen to some foreign language songs that I have translated into English. For you, this is always a great way of learning new vocabulary. You can find lots of foreign language films and books that I recommend, or you can find extra language and grammar points that reinforce the content you've been learning in my three minute languages courses. So if you want to read all my articles for free, just head to my blawg at www 0.3 minute dot club forward slash bloke. As well as being able to read hundreds of articles on my block, you can sign up to my mailing list. Andi. You'll get a message sent straight to your inbox to let you know whenever I publish new articles or publish new courses so w w w 0.3 minute dot club forward slash blawg is where you can find the happy linguist. I hope you enjoy unhappy learning.