Bookbinding Basics: Making a Perfect Bound Notebook

1. Project Introduction: - Hey, - guys, - And welcome to any introduction of bookbinding. - My name is Caleb, - and I'll be taking you through the steps to make your very first perfect bound book in the - order book bonding. - There are two basic types of books, - one that uses a needle and thread to sew pages together into signatures and an example of - that would be a hardbound book and the other called Perfect Binding, - which uses glue to glue the pages together into a textbook. - And you may have heard this call paperback, - and that's what we're gonna be covering in this class. - Now, - before we get into the lesson, - I want to go over a few points in terminologies that we all need to know to be on the same - page here. - I have a couple of books that I've already made, - and I will point out a few things, - as I'm sure you already know. - The front and the back of the book are called Recover the Interior got to the book where we - read and we write and we draw. - It's called the text Block. - Since this is a perfect bound book, - the text block will be glued together. - Then we'll cover the spine in a tape for reinforcement. - The cover will be connected to the text block by the use of in sheets in both the front in - the back. - Now that we have a little bit of a base understanding of the anatomy of a perfect Bound - book, - it will be easier to go through all the steps of the class. - Per film books are a good way to get into bookbinding because it requires less time, - materials and experience to make in something like a hardback book or a Coptic stitch book - . - In this lesson, - I will be providing materials, - images and diagrams to make it easier for you to understand what we're doing each step of - the way, - Let's get started. 2. Materials & Tools: - Hey, - guys, - I want to go over the materials that will need for the class so you can get then before we - get started. - So the first thing that, - uh, - we need to get is the paper for our text block. - And so this is a reminder. - The text block is the interior pages of our book. - And what I have here is this just some basic card stock from Staples. - The one thing that you need to get that you need to keep in mind when getting paper for - your book is that it needs to be a heavy paper. - So it needs to be, - um, - every £60 but probably less than £100. - So a card stock paper is typically around £65. - And so this is what I really suggests just to start off as a basic use case. - Another option that you could use is the paper from a sketchbook. - If it's if it's thicker, - because a lot of sketchbooks come with heavy paper. - Um, - so I'm also I'm listing all of these items out in this unit, - so you can you can you can look at him there, - and I'm also leaking out to examples online, - so get some paper for the textbook. - The second item that we need to get is chipboard, - so I have a couple pieces here, - and the chipboard is what will be using, - uh, - as the cover. - But we'll also be covering it with some paper but chipboard. - It's kind of like cardboard, - but denser and thinner. - So it's about 1/8 of an inch thick, - and you can buy this at just about any craft stores. - You can find it in Michael's or hobby lobby or online. - It's really cheap, - usually comes in large sheets, - something like 22 inches by 28 inches. - Grab a couple for some of those you really? - You know, - if you're only making one book, - you only need one sheet. - But you can typically make like 30 covers from from one of those giant sheets, - so it's always good. - Just have some lying around. - The third thing that we need and this is really important is the glue that we're going to - be using to glue or spying together. - And so we needed a good PV a glue, - and this is this is the kind that I have. - I have a link to this exact brand, - and it's made by Hollanders. - And, - uh, - I'm suggesting them because I trust it. - I've used the number of different types of PV a glues from different places. - Here's an example of some that I bought that didn't work well, - It says PV, - a professional woodworking glue, - and so maybe it's because it's a it's a woodworking. - Well, - maybe that's why it didn't work. - But whenever I used it, - uh, - glue ended up drying and getting very brittle and eventually breaking in the books that I - used it on So pages were falling apart on. - And that's not really something You want to happen whenever year, - giving books as gifts or selling them for profit so you can find PV a glue at some craft - stores or online again. - If you have the time, - check out Hollander's They So a lot of bookbinding supplies and highways adjust their glue - if you can. - If you can afford to order it, - of course. - Also grab a paintbrush that you don't care about because we'll need that to paint the glue - on and your brush will be destroyed after that. - So I have a specific brush that I use just for glue. - The next thing you need to get our some decorative papers for the book, - so we'll be using them to cover the the cover and also as in sheets. - And so I I Usually I just keep a whole big old stack at home so I can always grab them and - decide what I want to use. - But you can go to any craft store, - Michael's or hobby lobby and sift through. - There's find some specifically for this project. - They have solid colors that you can get bright of, - not just colors. - You could get patterns. - They have flowery prints. - You know, - they have a lot of different options. - Get just about whatever you want, - so grab some papers for that. - They usually come in about 12 inch by 12 inch sheets. - The next item we need to get is the tape that we're gonna be a covering our spine with. - So I have a few options here that that I use. - This is actually a finding tape. - It's kind of ah unique item that you don't necessarily need to get because it's a little - bit harder to find, - and it's actually quite expensive. - But If you really given to bookbinding, - definitely check it out. - It's fun to work with and looks great. - This is something I actually use a lot. - This is just regular old duct tape and, - uh, - duct tape. - You can get it anywhere, - and it's great because they make a lot of different types of patterns and colors now, - so you can always you can choose that. - This is electoral tape. - You can use this. - Also, - I will say electoral tape is a little bit difficult to work with just because it's so - narrow. - It could be a little bit. - It can be hard to give it perfectly on there with enough room. - This is another type of tape that I have is actually a binding tape. - So it has these fibers that run through, - and that's for structure four bookbinding, - and I really like using it a lot of times just because it's transparent and, - uh and it and it shows the paper through, - so it's kind of fun. - Next item we need to get is double sided paper roller so you can find these at any craft - store at Michael's or Hobby lobby were Staples or Office Depot. - It's just the double sided tape roller and will be using this whenever we attached the in - sheets to the textbooks will be running a strip right down the side of the text block and - some. - There are some brands that are better than others, - but it really doesn't matter. - So just grab whatever you can at the moment, - and you might find one that you like better later on. - I also need a good Exacto knife and blades. - So if you don't already have one getting Exacto knife, - there's a few bucks. - And, - uh, - you know, - we never were working. - We don't want to use box cutters or scissors. - They could be kind of They could be Dole edged and make and kind of create a sloppy - equality. - And so we really want to be precise. - Winter were cutting Andi exactly as they offered. - That I don't need a metal ruler. - Doesn't matter what the foot longer, - 18 inch, - uh, - and we'll use this for measuring and also for as a a straight edge whenever we're cutting - our paper and board. - So another thing that wash we need are those nasty, - annoying mailer advertisements that you get in the mail all the time that you hate. - These will actually come in handy for a few things, - so I usually throw these away. - But whenever I'm getting ready to start making books, - I save just a few and we'll use these. - So if you can grab some of these from your mailbox and don't throw away staff from - somewhere where they won't get trashed, - and the last item that I have listed is a cutting board and this is that's what this is - actually a cutting board or might be caught a rotary Matt. - And, - uh, - it's not a necessary item. - But if you if you do bookbinding or if you craft a lot, - I suggest checking out the cutting mat it makes Make sure I feel a lot easier when you're - cutting stuff. - It has a grid on it that makes you aligning, - cutting parallel and perpendicular really easy. - It's also it's call it self healing and so many of your cutting. - You cut into it all day long, - holding times, - and it won't break the mat. - Um, - it's really cool. - Little I am. - They could be a little somewhat pricey, - but if you want to buy when you can If you don't, - that's okay. - You can cut on top of magazines or an extra piece of chipboard or cardboard or whatever. - So that's that's the entire list of materials that we need, - so gather those and we can get started. 3. Choose & Cut Paper: - Okay, - so we're ready to make our text block where you talked about what type of paper we need for - the text block. - But I was reiterated couple things. - The paper needs to be a heavier weight paper. - At least £60 or more. - I'm using a card stock that I got it. - Staples. - That's a £65 card stock. - So we're going to be cutting the pages in the paper in half to make textbooks. - So, - as you can see, - our book is exactly half the size of this paper, - so we just have to cut it right down the middle. - Each book will contain about 30 pages. - Eso If you just want to make one book, - all you need to cut is 30 pages. - If you want to make a bunch than like me, - I'm going to go ahead and cut all the this entire stack in half because I will use the text - box eventually. - So, - um, - obviously you can't just cut this whole stack in one go. - I'm going to grab several sheets off the top. - This looks like it might be about 15. - You know, - take however many you feel comfortable doing. - Don't try to go before, - though. - I'm gonna sure these up real nice and tight and then set it down on my board trying to keep - them them straight. - This is one reason I really like using a rotary Met is that it has this bridge. - And so I'm I'm laying it down parallel with the grid. - I'm gonna make a couple tick marks on the top sheet to help me, - uh, - to help me cut. - So this paper is exactly 11 and 11 inches long, - so I'm gonna make a mark at 5.5 inches. - One of the bottom and one of the top that I'm gonna cut this in half with my exacto, - um, - so, - usually straight edge And while on your tick marks up perfectly, - Uh, - you know, - hopefully it goes without saying, - but if you're a righty, - you cut on the right side of the ruler for your lefty cut on the west side. - Just do whatever feels natural. - Now. - Don't try to bear down and cut through all these in one go. - It's not gonna happen. - Don't even try to cut through the first sheet in your first go. - The first thing you want to do. - It's just lightly run your blade across the top sheet. - What I'm doing is scoring that cheat, - and so that that creates a little groove in the paper. - So next time that I come in and I do probably more pressure, - I don't accidentally get halfway through and then run off and cut whatever cut across - whatever it is that I'm trying to cut in half. - So I've scored it and I'm just gonna keep going over this nice and slow putting. - Just a little bit of pressure, - but not too much. - Don't Don't try to cut through all of this in two goes or three goes Just find out. - You know, - just go over it again and again until you get all the way through so you can see not quite - through the first sheet. - You can see that the sheets of started and come away Now I'm just gonna keep I'm taking my - time and cutting through and always use a sharp blade. - You know, - you're just gonna save yourself so much trouble, - uh, - using a new sharp blade versus a dole. - And it's also safer because if years on the dole one you might be trying to press too hard - . - And then, - uh, - you might pull away and hurt yourself. - So I'm almost there. - There we have you. - I'm gonna go in and cut through the rest of the stack, - but I will make you suffer through that. - Okay? - So now that we've cut our paper in half, - we can start putting our textbooks together in gluing man. - So the first thing you need to do is separate your pages out into stacks of 30. - I've already done that. - Here, - look up five stacks of 30 sheets each. - And, - uh, - we're gonna we're gonna stack more uniformly. - And in between each we're gonna put 22 sheets of the advertisement mailers says that's what - those air for. - So as you can see, - I have a couple here, - have some strips here, - and I've actually cut them down to be the exact with of the paper. - So 8.5 by 11 that was make a major life a little bit easier. - So assert stack So way down First x block. - And then on top of that will put two advertisement mayors against the spine. - Edge down second textbook to advertising mailers. - Third textbook and you put down as many textbooks as you want. - Um, - I'm just making five right now. - Just because But you could you could do easily do between three and 10 at a time. - If you only want make one right now, - we want to make one book. - That's that's OK. - You can do that. - So don't worry about getting them to even will fix that second. - Okay, - so five text blocks with two advertising mailers between each one, - it's now I'm gonna grab the whole deck in my hands. - It's kind of strange because it's kind of shuffling a gigantic stack of cards, - but I'm gonna kind of shuffle him on the desktop to make a to make the more even in lineup - . - Also gonna do it vertically back horizontally duffel until you get a good grip and you - think all the spines are fairly sharp and, - uh, - the whole well hold together very well. - So when you do that Grabem clamping down really tight with your hands and bring it to the - edge of the table, - lining up parallel with the table but overhanging about 1/4 of an inch. - Then we're gonna grab a stack of books and set him on top to put pressure for when we start - gluing the edges, - I'm still keeping about 1/4 of an inch of paper hanging out from the books, - so you probably can't see this. - So what I'm gonna do is, - uh, - already added text blocks into my book breasts. - I think this will be a little bit easier for you to see so you might be. - You can tell that I have paper hanging out of the press about 1/4 of an inch. - This is a surface that will glue on. - And this is my book press. - It's homemade. - They're really easy to make if you want to make one. - Eventually, - you confined instructions online. - Um, - so let's get to going. 4. Glue & Split Textblock: - Now that we have our text blocks stacked, - spaced with advertising mailers and firmly in our press or under are heavy books, - we can start Blue Moon. - So I'm gonna get my p a glue. - And what paintbrush? - Remember, - this is going to destroy your paper up. - So don't use one that you care about too much on. - I'm going to pate a nice thick coops over the entire edge of all these text blocks. - First, - I'm just gonna slop it on there just to get it all over. - But then I'm gonna come back and smooth it just a bit. - Just so it's not too, - uh, - bumpy or go up be anywhere. - There we go. - So now we'll come back and smooth down. - I had a little bit more. - Give it a nice, - good think uniform code. - Now, - you probably think about 10 minutes for this to dry moderately well, - and I think we all knew the saying about watching paint dry, - so I'm not gonna make your watch me watch this good dry. - Um, - But what we want to do is we wanna have three coats of paint of glue, - so I'm going to let this dry for 10 minutes. - Don't wanna paint on another layer of glue, - but that drive for 10 minutes and then paint on another layer of glue and it would be about - 10 more minutes or so before it's finally dry. - Um, - and then we'll come back and we'll take the text block out. - So now that we've, - uh, - good or textbooks together and we did three layers of glue, - um, - we need to separate them. - So already pulled mine out of the press and they're firmly stuck together. - So the reason we added the mailers in between textbooks because that's gonna make our job - of splitting these so much easier. - So the first thing I'll do is, - uh, - start just kind of like flexing the first textbook that I'm gonna pull off so you can see - I'm spooning it where the mailers are. - It was flexing it and opening it up, - kind of loosening up that scene. - You may be able to start peeling just with your hands, - but you may need to use an instrument so I might grab my my Exacto and come in here and to - start kind of slicing away right in between the two mailers. - See you like that. - I work my way and to slowly cut and soul that glue and should be pretty easy. - You'll probably run into a few, - uh, - spots where it's it doesn't really want come apart very well, - and you have to kind of force it. - But that's okay. - And even if it's a little bit messy, - you'll see you'll probably notice that there are some glue bulges or some of the coloring - from the mailers will come off. - You know that's all Okay, - because this won't be visible now. - If you get about halfway or so, - or if you run into a difficult spot, - you come around to the other side and start start on this side and meet in the middle. - That's always a good idea social. - If you have a troublesome spot that way you can avoid that spot. - You can't really see this very well with my hands in the way. - I'm sorry about that doing the best I can. - And this one this is the troublesome spot. - It just doesn't want to go. - So I'm just gonna kind of have to force it with my knife. - Slice on right through area. - I got one textbook attach you should be able to just gonna fold this mail where? - Listen it up some and peel it off, - being a bit forceful, - but that's OK. - It's not gonna mess anything out. - There we go. - So know what? - You get your text walk off, - you look at it. - You kind of see how it has some rough edges. - You try to scrape some of that away with your nail or peel it off or use your knife and try - to trim. - Its probably a good idea to do just that. - We don't have any bulges whenever we at the in sheets in the spine, - so you should clean that up and then I'll go through and pull apart all the text walks. - But I won't make you all watch that. - So go ahead and split out all your textbooks and we'll make it to the next step. 5. Fold & Cut Endsheets: - So we made our text blocks. - We cut the paper, - we glued it and we split out the box into individual stacks. - So we can now go to the next step, - which is adding in sheets. - And the in sheets will be what holds our cover to the textbook. - And so you can see that the the in chief is actually good to the cover, - and then it will be taped to textbook and are in sheets are gonna need to be the height of - the book and twice the width, - which you may realize is the actual size of the paper that we used to make our textbooks. - So we started off with a sheet of 8.5 by 11 paper because that in half to make our text box - , - which are now 5.5 by 8.5 inches. - And so we're gonna need just that size 8.5 by 11 in sheets because we'll fold them ever. - Craft stores sell decorative papers, - probably already picked some up, - and they do sell some that are actually exactly 8.5 by 11. - Yes, - I sell a lot like this that are 12 inches by 12 inches square. - That's what I have here on. - The first step that we want to do is we want to fold it in half, - so there's no nothing really tricky about this. - Um, - so I decided to start spending it over loosely, - and I like to have the open side face me. - It just gives me a little bit more control whenever I'm checking these corners to make sure - that they're exactly even before I crease the papers permanently. - So I'm lining up the corners. - No, - it's good. - And then I hold it down with my fingers. - It's gonna push Decrease the paper, - starting in the centre so it starts getting a little bit of bond of a bind. - But that's OK. - I can do this for my fingers, - but I actually do have a tool that I like to use that I'll show you that's called a bone - folder. - Or, - you might hear called a boning knife. - And it's pretty cheap. - Tool. - What actually is made out of bone definitely don't need it, - but it does make folding paper and scoring paper a little bit easier, - so I'll show you how I use it. - I had started the center and I pushed outward. - Increase the paper, - the one side, - and I go the other direction. - Everyone does make things a little bit easier, - but it's definitely not necessary. - So after I fold it, - I want to sharpen up those edges. - Foot whatever. - Do it that way also. - So there we go, - recovered, - folding in sheets. - Now we need to trim them down for a textbook. - So we want our in cheats to be the exact size of our text bought. - So since this is 5.5 by 8.5 inches, - that's why I need to make this. - I say it's too tall right now. - It's actually a little bit too wide also. - So first thing I want to do is trimmed the height, - and I'll do that by measuring 8.5 inches total tick mark for here in the second pic market - , - closer to the bottom. - And when I cut this, - um, - I'm gonna want to cut where the good piece, - the larger piece that I'm going to be using for my book is on the left side, - under my roller under my hand. - It's a went around, - cutting I'm cutting on this on the right side. - And so if I do, - if I'm cutting and I slip, - then I'll cut into this extra area of the paper that I don't actually, - I won't actually be using. - If I was cutting this this way, - where the piece that I want to be using is on the right side, - and I'm and I'm cutting and I slip that I'm gonna be coming right into it. - I'm I'm gonna ruin it. - And so I have to start over again. - And right now, - it's not that big of a deal because we're just cutting a sheet of paper. - But it's a good It's a good, - uh, - general rule of thumb to follow when you're cutting anything because, - say, - you have a piece of artwork that you bought and, - uh, - and you do that you don't want to accidentally slip and destroy the artwork. - So I'm gonna do a light score before I start cutting. - You don't have to cut all the way through, - and then you know what we cut. - So I get all the way through the page. - There were, - So you may be thinking, - Okay, - where I do with this piece this extra piece, - you could throw it away. - But what I like to do is I should save it. - Um, - I'm using the large sheet for the book that we're making right now but actually statue of - these pieces. - And later on, - I'll end up making smaller books, - and that's just nice, - little way to make pocket size notebooks. - So I'll throw that shoebox somewhere. - So I also need a trim off the with. - And the width of this book is 5.5 inches. - So you measure that 5.5 mark. - 5.5 mark trimming towards the 90. - Central side score cut through. - There we go. - So this will fit perfectly on our book. - So why don't you go ahead and cut your other in cheat and out of the same 6. Attach Endsheets & Tape Spine: - now that we have are in cheats cut, - we can attach them to the textbook. - So we're gonna be using our double sided tape roller, - and we're going to roll a strip of tape on the face of the textbook on the spine. - And this is the side. - That's good. - So, - um, - wind it up, - shoot down a strip of tape and you may wobble a little bit. - Uh, - and that's okay, - but that's perfectly natural. - Nothing to worry about. - So there we go. - I have a stripping cape down the side. - What I'm gonna do is bringing the in cheat in Whitely so it doesn't get stuck on the tape - and make sure that if you have a design or something, - that it's facing the correct direction. - So if this is the bottom than you, - then you want the design toe face the correct direction. - It's gonna bring it in like we and just kind of tweak it until I think that it's lined up - perfectly with the spine and we'll set it down and we tap it to it. - Here to the textbook. - He's my bone folder through a pressure. - There we go, - and she it's connected to the textbook. - It's now, - uh, - I'm gonna let you do that and take care of the other side on your own. - Oh, - just say, - Remember, - if you have any sort of design, - make sure they're both facing the same direction. - And, - of course, - make sure it's all opening on the same way. - There we go. - Well, - with both in sheets on, - you can really tell that this is starting to look like a book. - So the next step that we're gonna do is we're gonna add a tape over the spine in the tape. - It's partly for decoration. - It's partly Teoh. - Hold the textbook together. - It's also there to protect the going to make sure it's not damaged from use. - So I'm actually going to use my book binding tape shared goal in the introduction, - and what you need to do is cut a piece that's exactly the height of your book, - and you wanted to be, - um, - about one and 1/4 inch to 1.5 inch wide, - so that way we'll have enough room for it to wrap around from one in sheet over the spine - and on to the other and sheet within with a little bit of room. - So I went ahead. - That turned a piece for myself. - So you can kind of see that it will wraparound fairly well. - And what we do, - since this is this is actually 1.5 inches. - I'm going to go out and make a couple tick marks. - Um, - all my book at one at 1/2 inch. - Right here. - Right here. - This will help me place the tape. - So this actually has a little what? - A piece of wax paper on the back of it. - And I was working with something like duct tape. - You won't have that. - That might be a little bit trickier. - So here we go and line it up with the tick marks I made and the edge the top in the bottom - edge of the book. - In this light, - we place it. - You won't get to do this once, - so I can't really mess up, - put it down with my finger. - Never. - Yeah. - So we have it on 11 side of the book. - Now we get onto the the inch, - the spine. - So I'm gonna do is picked the book up and kind of full that over slowly to the spine, - so it's tacked on. - Go over my finger, - brush it on nice and, - well, - that's a good get any air bubbles out. - Do that same thing again to get it over onto the other side of the textbook. - Push it over. - We just won a really nice, - sharp spine. - We don't want a new uniform or having to have any air bubbles showing. - So there were any time you're folding or sticking something down. - Always start in the middle and then go outward. - Works a lot better than starting on one side and try and go all the way to the other. - There were no bad from a finger over it. - A little bit more sharpen. - It'll of and we're good. - Next step will be I didn't cover and that'll be it. 7. The Cover: - Well, - we're almost at the end of our project, - so the next step will be making the cover and attaching it to our textbook. - So, - uh, - we're gonna need to make two covers for the front and the back out of the chipboard and the - cover the chipboard cover. - It needs to be the height of the text block and the width minus about 38 on the with. - The reason is so that we have a little bit of room, - um, - away from the spine. - That gives it enough for the cover to fold easily. - So I'm gonna start cutting that and my with is 5.5 inches. - So minus three eights reads me with 5 1/8 I'm gonna measure 5 1/8 on five and 1/8. - And if you're chipboard, - if the corners are edges are really bad, - then you may want to trim off a little total sliver so that you have a nice, - sharp edges to work with for easier cutting. - Okay, - so I made a mistake there. - I'm not really worried about being too efficient right now, - but you may want to Usually, - I would try to be very efficient with how much board I have and how many pieces I cut out - of it. - So the height is gonna be to 8.5 inches. - 8.5. - Okay. - Got that. - Really? - So one cover down and I'll cut the other. - Why? - You get years together now that we've cut our chipboard for our covers, - That's going to the sheet. - I decided to go with this green flowery paper Steiff at thes rose red speckled in sheets. - I think I don't work well together. - Here's what we're gonna do to get the paper connect to our our covers. - Foot this decorative paper over. - We're gonna paint a thin layer of glue on our chipboard and then to set it right on the - paper and smooth down. - And the reason I like these 12 in sheets is because you can usually by one for a cover and - put two pieces on it with a little bit of extra space. - If you're gonna make many books later on, - that's what I'm gonna do. - I got my glue Just quickly. - Run first. - I'm going there and spread it around. - You want to make sure to get the edges and corners Really well, - so that it doesn't end up healing at some point. - So this is actually a thin piece of chipboard, - and I would typically prefer to use a thicker piece. - So if you're looking for chipboard with store, - grab a thick piece of again If you got a thin piece, - it doesn't It's OK. - It was just something I had lying around, - so I used it. - Okay, - here we go. - See, - It's kind of warping a little bit. - We'll fix that. - So I'm gonna put it down in the corner, - and I'm gonna leave a little bit of space all around it that I trim so that I don't I have - a nice, - sharp edge to paper. - Okay, - maybe put a book on top of this May help it way down flat dries. - So I'll mention this. - Another alternative that you could use instead of paying the glue on is that sometimes I - use Super 77 which is a spray adhesive, - and I'll just spray aware on the on the board and then stick it on. - You know, - this is a lot easier for us right now, - because we've already bought the glue for the spine and it works well for this purpose also - . - So go ahead and but you're chipboard covers down and then we'll go to the next step. - That's cutter covers out and attention to or text block. - So first thing, - make sure you have a really sharp knife. - I just put in a belated in because this is gonna be our final presentation. - We want these cuts to be really nice and clean, - so we want to trim the covers out of the paper. - And to do that, - I just I run my blade along the edge of the chipboard. - I don't really nice and slow. - I don't You don't want to mess this up because this is the end. - You don't have to put a lot of pressure. - I just want to get good, - sharp, - clean cuts. - That's good. - See, - I'm not trying to cut it through in one. - Go take me at least two, - maybe three times over to get a good clean, - but without putting too much pressure so you can see we have Ah, - nice, - clean cover. - Sometimes I go back over, - the edge is just in. - My film is coming. - It may bended this direction, - so I just kind of clean those edges up a little bit, - We're gonna be attaching it to the textbook. - But painting another way, - you're going on the side and setting it down. - So let's get the blue on really quick. - One thing I want to say is, - make sure you keep your whatever your workspaces clean throughout, - so if you get glue on it, - be sure to clean that up. - But we need to step. - Because if I hadn't cleaned up the mess that I had made last time, - if I got going on my board, - then I might be setting my cover down on top of it and messing up the front of my book. - So the same thing. - Make sure to get the corners and edges really well covered, - so there's don't peel off during usage glue - every hour on Dogo, - go around somewhere, - stick my book in it on, - so we want the cover toe Teoh lined up with the outer edge, - the opening side of our textbook. - We don't want it to go to the end of the spine. - Like I said earlier, - we wanted to be ableto to bend properly, - so face it my direction and find the paper up before I set it down, - make sure everything's lined up properly. - I quit my fingers off a little bit Aereo. - So it's trying to fold up a little bit somewhere puts in heavy books on it, - but that's basically it. - What you will do the other side on your own and you've made a book. 8. Run Amok: - Hey, - guys, - what? - We've made it to the end. - And if you follow it along, - you should have a brand new perfect bound notebook that looks something like this. - Now, - by no means is this course meant to be a complete, - comprehensive teaching of bookbinding or even perfect down binding. - Um, - I just wanted to teach you the basics of making of how to make a perfect bound book, - and now it's up to you to take that and do with do with it whatever your imagination come - can come up with. - I didn't list a few alternative materials that I like to work with just to get you going, - but I would love to hear from you about any other ideas that you have. - I have a few years things that other items that I like to use besides just paper from craft - stores would be something like old wallpaper or decorative Japanese papers. - I even like to use old Pope Illustrated covers. - And here's an example of something I did of that. - I used the book Brave New World. - You could even try something like using maps or atlases, - even using screen prints. - Uh, - works really well. - Nothing I like to do is I want to go straight something and put it on the cover. - Uh, - so the possibilities are really endless. - It's just it's whatever you want to do, - and I'm I'm really interested to see what you all did or any other ideas they'll come up - with. - So please post whatever you make into the student gallery. - I'll be around on looking at them or answering questions if you have any good luck.