American Sign Language Level 1

1. Introduction: Hello, my name is Manny Martin and I'll be your teacher for American sign language level one. The curriculum that you're about to use is one that I designed and wrote. I hope you find it rewarding and enjoyable. Let's begin. 2. The Golden Age of Deaf Education: In the early 1700s in America, there were no schools for the deaf. Young man named Thomas Gallaudet had recently graduated from Yale College in Connecticut. As he headed back home, he was thinking about his purpose in life. He was looking for something that would have meaning a mission. When he got back to his old neighborhood in Hartford, Connecticut, some new neighbors had moved in. Next door was Dr. Cogswell, a very prominent physician in the United States. And he had a Deaf daughter, Alice. Thomas met Alice and was very intrigued about how to communicate with the deaf and the idea of providing education for the deaf. So they would have the opportunity to live like everyone else has ordinary citizens. But to reach their potential in life. Dr. Cogswell had been, is part of a group of parents in New England that had organized in order to try to establish a school for the deaf. They had been corresponding with the schools that already existed in Europe, in England, Scotland, and France. Thomas was enlisted to go to Europe. Look at the schools there, see what was the best approach that could be used in America and come back and help to open a school. Thomas set off for Europe and went to the only place he could go to, and that was England. Continental Europe was embroiled in war. Napoleon was still on the march throughout Europe and the school when France was closed. So Thomas went to London. And there he went into the school that was run by the braid would family. As he entered the school, the rooms were dark, the walls were bare. The students didn't seem very interested in what was going on. Teachers were Stern. It was a gloomy environment. These schools were oral schools. And that means that no signing was allowed. The teacher would stand in front of the room, speak to the students, and students would try to understand. It was very clear to Thomas at this was not what was needed in America. In addition to the grade woods had told him, if you want to start a school in America, we can help you, but you stay on as an apprentice here for three years. And then we'll send one of our family members back to be the headmaster and the school. And you must be sure you can't reveal our secret methods of teaching the deaf, the braid woods. We're interested in the financial aspect of education, not education. So Thomas had traveled to Europe. He had spent a good portion of the money that had been given to him by this parent's group and he failed. He wasn't sure what to do, but it seemed there was no choice but to go back to America and tell them that it just wasn't possible, he hadn't succeeded. So he was making its way to Southampton for the passage back home. And he stopped off in Brighton. And what are the chances of this happening? He spots a flyer. This flyer advertises a demonstration by representatives of the Royal Institute for the teaching of deaf mutes from Paris, France. You see they were in exile because of all the turmoil in France. And they were putting on exhibitions to make a little pocket money so they could survive until it was safe to go home. So Thomas, of course, went to this exhibition and was dazzled when he saw this young deaf French teacher, Lauren declare. Talk about French Sign Language, talk about Deaf Education, and take questions from the audience. He had with him, his headmaster from his school, the abbc card, who acted as his interpreter since the advocate here. After the demonstration, Thomas was very excited. Meet Lauren Claire, and asked if he could visit their school. And they said, of course, as soon as it was safe to go back home, they would. In a short time, Napoleon is defeated and they set sail for France. When he arrives at the school, which now has been recently opened again, it's full of color. There are maps, there are pictures, there are paintings that children are animated and engaged. They're signing. The teachers are pleasant and friendly. This is a real school. This is what Thomas sees for America, for deaf education. But how could he do this? He's not a teacher of the deaf. He doesn't know sign language. He can't open a school for the deaf. He has found the method that could be successful, but he doesn't have the ability to make it happen. So he tries to enlist, will run Claire to come with him. There aren't. Claire is intrigued, but he has a lot of reasons not to come to America. The number one reason, he's Catholic and America is full of those Protestants. And he'd been warned about that. He would be leaving his school, his community, his second family. He would be going to a place that had a reputation for being a lawless and dangerous. And think about this, he would be the only educated deaf person in North America. How lonely Would that be? It's a big consideration. Thomas, however, convinces him, This is your mission. You have to do this. Deaf people in America without you have no future. They have no hope. It all rests on you. So clear, of course, is moved by that and decides, I'll come to America for a year. I'll help you get your school started, and then I'll come back home. Laurent clear died at a ripe old age. In Hartford, Connecticut. He found his mission, but the warnings were true. He died is an Episcopalian. But back to the story of how this all gets really started. Claire and Gallaudet now set sail for America. And in the two months that it takes to cross the Atlantic ocean. Claire continues to work on reading and writing English with the help of Thomas. And Thomas learns French sign language from Lauren, declare as much as he can absorb. They arrive in New York, go to Hartford. And in the spring of 18, 17, finally, the first permanent school for the deaf in the United States, now known as the American School for the Deaf, opens up in Hartford, Connecticut. Laurent Claire is the first teacher, and Thomas Gallaudet handles the administration of the school. As he continues to learn French Sign Language, and to learn how to be a teacher of the deaf. Clara starts teaching with great enthusiasm and soon he's quite discouraged. He thinks the death of America, they have no language, they have no education. I will bring it to them. They will love my beautiful French Sign Language. The Americans didn't. And Claire was confused and frustrated. You see what he didn't realize was the Americans already had their own old American sign language. They will not without language, but their language wasn't nearly as highly developed as Claire's French Sign Language because they didn't have schools. There was no academic language. There was no language signs for countries, for historical events, for famous people. There was no complex numbering system for doing mathematics. There was no finger spelling system because they weren't reading and writing. So they had a language that talked about daily activities and family and their immediate environment, but not a full language like French Sign Language. Claire finally came to realize that over time, what was happening was these two languages, we're merging. They were turning into a Creole, developing into our modern American Sign Language. So deaf education gets off to a great start. School is successful. And soon schools are opened up in Pennsylvania, in Virginia, in New York, until almost every state has its own school for the deaf, all learning by means of this brand new American Sign Language. And for the next 50 years, after the start of that first school for the deaf, deaf education flourishes, flourishes and culminates with the opening of a college for the deaf in Washington DC, which later was named in honor of Thomas Gallaudet as Gallaudet College, and it is now Gallaudet University. The charter for that university was signed by President Lincoln. And so for that first 50 years have deaf education. Because of American Sign Language. Deaf students were successful and they were able to live like everyone else. In another segment, I'll tell you what happens after that 50 years where things changed dramatically and certainly for the worse. But that first period is important for us to look back on as we see what happens in a modern times with deaf education and the re-emergence of what you're about to learn American Sign Language. 3. The Age of Oralism: In the first part of this history of American Sign Language and the start of deaf education. You learned about what we call the golden age in Deaf Education, 1817-1867. All of the schools use this newly developed language, American Sign Language, for their instruction. But in 18, 67, everything would change to more schools for the deaf opened up in the United States. However, these two schools would forbid the use of sign language in teaching. One of the schools was opened in Massachusetts and the other in New York. These two schools would use only speech and hearing as their method of instruction. The age of Orientalism now gets introduced to the United States. For the next 100 years or so. Every school for the deaf that would open up in the United States would practice moralism and would forbid the use of signing. Those schools that were established previously that had been signing would eventually also switch and become oral schools. Deaf people who had been getting an education and had been in the mainstream of American life, doing the jobs that most people could do. Living like most people did. With a good education, being literate, being able to read and write English. That time was now gone. And then the age of Orientalism, deaf people did not get much of an education. They picked up what they could, they learn from each other as they talk with each other in their dormitories. But things changed radically. So as we get to the 1700s, the average deaf person is either unemployed, underemployed, somewhere, homeless, institutionalized, peddlers, dependent on family from being respected and in the mainstream of American life. Now, they wouldn't be pitied. They will look down on people felt badly for them and didn't know what to do about it. This is what Orientalism produced. In 1965. There was a professor of English who was teaching at Gallaudet College in Washington DC. And he had for several years been studying this signing that he saw deaf people doing outside of class and in their personal time. And he began a very methodical study that took place over a period of years. And being a linguist, he was very thorough in his examination. This man's name was William stocky. He today is called the father of modern American Sign Language because in 1965, he published his thick manuscript that had analyzed and dissected and put back together this language that we now call American Sign Language. His study of the language was so thorough that no one contested the findings. And what he proved is that american Sign Language is a full and complete language equal to any other. And that it's a viable tool to be used in teaching in schools for the deaf. Frankly, we really didn't need such proof for schools of the deaf because we had 50 years of terrific education in deaf schools in the 1800s. That should have been proof enough. It happened in almost every state that there was in the United States. And it resulted in educated deaf people in the mainstream. But this was not the case in 1965. So when his findings, this manuscript was published, this was earth-shattering for people in the field. Anthropologists and linguists examined it, and it was so well done and so methodically produced that there was no dispute. This was a language and it could be used in teaching. But things couldn't change overnight because where would people learn this new language which didn't at that time yet have a name such as we use today, American Sign Language. Where would they learn it? There were no teachers of American Sign Language. No one trained in how to teach it. So people tried to learn from deaf people who use sign language, but using a language and being a teacher of the language are not necessarily the same thing. People did the best they could. And American Sign Language began to make a comeback in fits and starts from that point forward. By the time we get to the 1880s at Gallaudet College, which now by 1988 had been named Gallaudet University. There was going to be a change of presidents and a new president was going to be elected. At that time, they would down to three final candidates. The first candidate was a woman named Dr. Sensor, PhD, very qualified in administration for a university. And then there were two other deaf candidates. Dr. sensor had never met a deaf person, didn't know any sign language, knew nothing about operating a Deaf College. These other two candidates had worked at Gallaudet University for quite some time and were deaf themselves and fluent in the language and understood the needs of deaf. The board, of course, pick the hearing woman over the two deaf equally qualified candidates. The students at Gallaudet University erupted in protest. They'd learned from the Civil Rights Movement, and they began demonstrations. They did sit-ins, they close down buildings, locked down buildings, contacted the media, marched up and down in the campus and attracted as much attention as they could to their cause. The professors and the staff of Gallaudet, for the most part, stepped aside and didn't interfere. No classes went on at Gallaudet. The marching, the media attention, the protest went on for four days. After that. It stopped to censor herself that realized she was not the right fit for this university. She didn't belong there. She hadn't been aware of what she was getting herself into, but in those four days, got her own education. So she resigned, which relieved the problem. And then the board selected this third candidate, Irving King Jordan I King Jordan, who was the president of Gallaudet University for the next 18 years. For deaf people in the United States and around the world. This was very significant. Deaf people had for the first time, taking their own future into their own hands. They would have a deaf president at a deaf university, and they would make decisions that would govern their own affairs. It was earth-shattering for deaf people around the world the first time something like this had really happened. In the past hearing people had always made decisions for deaf people. Deaf people would make them for themselves. In 2006, another deaf president was chosen, and then 2008, another deaf precedent. There will never be a hearing president at Gallaudet University. Again, deaf people are perfectly capable of taking care of themselves. In the 21st century, things have changed. American sign language has ever more popular. It's being taught in more and more places. Deaf people are becoming more and more in the mainstream. But there are still challenges ahead. American sign language classes, american Sign Language Teachers are getting better and better. And this presentation, we hope we'll have you feeling the same way that American sign language has come a long way. And today, you can learn it with success. 4. Letters A-J: Let's learn about the finger spelling system in American Sign Language. The finger spelling system, the manual alphabet came to us from Lauren declare from French Sign Language because he was the first teacher of the deaf. The hand-shaped alphabet was actually developed in Spain by Spanish monks who took a vow of silence but still found a way to communicate with each other. They developed a system of hand shapes to represent each letter of the alphabet, so they would spell to each other. Somewhere along the line, someone made drawings of these on vellum. And these vellum scrolls were stored in dry caves and were preserved. When the founder of the first school for the deaf in Paris, France V. Abdullah pay was researching sign language. He learned about these scrolls and got a copy. These became part of French Sign Language and allowed France Sign Language should do lexical borrowing from French. Lexical borrowing is done by all living languages. And it's where you take a word from another language and incorporate it into your own language, may be changed your pronunciation in spelling a bit. So it looks like it belongs in your language and fits better. In English, we have words like moccasin and toboggan and tobacco. The Vietnamese have words like posse and Gomorrah. And theme. We borrow words like soup, does your pie, Allah mode, reservoir, and so on. The finger spelling system allows a sign language to borrow from the spoken language that is used in the mainstream in whatever country they're in. Here, american Sign Language is engulfed in English. Names of towns, brand names, a person's given English name can all be spelled. Lexical borrowing. So let's learn about these hinge shapes. By learning these handshake, you're going to gain 21 of the 50 or so hint shapes that you need for your pronunciation and the language. That's what handshakes really are. Your pronunciation. So the letter a, if you're right-handed, since all the letters are done with just one hand, you're gonna use your right hand, which is in sign language streams. Your dominant hand, if you're left-handed, you are going to use your left hand to do these with the letter a. It's done like this. Your thumb should rest on the side. Shouldn't be out, shouldn't be curled around like this right on the side. And your fingernails are showing the letter B. Your thumb is all the way over. Your fingers, are closed, not like this. The letter B. The letter C. Looks like the letter C. These fingers should be close. It's just like you've got your hand around a cup. The letter C, the letter D. First finger point straight up. Your second finger touches your thumb. Here's what it looks like from the side. Notice the flat of my finger touches a thumb. So if you have longer fingernails, if you were doing it this way, you'd be gouging yourself. The flat of your finger touches. That forms a nice clear letter D. Some people that these fingers drop for the letter D, and that's fine also. I'm more comfortable with them up like this, but that's up to you. The letter E form the letter B. Fold these fingers down gently on top of your thumb. And there's a letter e. Don't have your thumb out here like this. Don't have your fingers up here like that. Softly. On top. Your thumb, the letter e, the letter f. The first finger touches the flat of my thumb. The other fingers are up. The letter G. We need this finger and this thumb, but the palm should face your chest. The letter G. Here's what it looks like. This way. Your fingers should be separated, but here's how the letters actually formed. The letter G, the letter H. I'm going to turn my hand around so you can see my thumb. My thumb is tucked away. It's not up here. Here's how it should look. With your palm facing your chest. Letter H for the letter i, your pinky is up. Whether your thumb is here or whether it's here doesn't really matter much. Notice my hand is cocked a little bit. That makes it clear. Letter I, the letter J. We're using the I 0 handshape, but we're drawing a J in the air just as if you're seeing it in front of you. Like this. That's for a right-handed person. For left-handed person, you're gonna do it like a mirror image, like this. Doing it this way is just to awkward. This way, it's easier to do. So for the letter J, for a left-hander, doing it like a backwards J. We've done the letters a through J. Let's do a quick review of those letters. Here's a letter, a. Notice you can see my fingernails. These fingers are flat against my palm, but my hand is relaxed. There's no clenching. My farm is just resting on the side, not sticking out, not clenching like this, nice and relaxed. The letter B, fingers are closed. Thumb should be all the way over. The letter C. Fingers are together. The letter D, We're going to show you what that looks like from the side. So you can see my finger is touching my thumb. First finger straight up. E fingers on top of the thumb. F. First finger touching your thumb. These fingers, whether they're closed or open, doesn't really matter much. It's usually comfortable to have them open. G. Remember to create space. That's what it looks like. From this angle. Thumb and first finger, a, G and H. Tuck your thumb away. Two fingers. And I. And draw the j. 5. Letters K-Z: Let's learn the letters K through Z. K is a harder letter to do. So, I'm going to break it into steps. Point your first finger straight up. Put your second finger straight out. Put your thumb gently resting on the side of that second finger. Here's what it looks like. Don't pull your thumb up here. That pulls this finger down and we end up with this kind of a handshake. It shouldn't be in-between what looks like a V. They should form a 90 degree angle for the letter K and L. Pretty simple. But people do have a tendency to have their fingers up like this that makes this much harder to read. We want to create as big a configuration as we can so it's easier to read. Rest your hand gently down like this. See that there's space in here. I could put a magic marker in there. But they come down all this way so that we can see the letter L clearly. For M, three fingers on top of your thumb. Letter a, but one finger over to three for the letter M. Notice my fingers are pretty much straight out. Not tight like this. It's harder to read. Just resting gently right here on top of the thumb. But pretty much straight out. That's what it should look like. For the letter N. We're gonna take one finger away, two fingers over your thumb. Again, pretty much straight out. For an 0. First finger touches the flat of my thumb. These other fingers are altogether, they shouldn't be down like this. So it looks like an 0. A p is just like a K, but in a different position. So here's how we form the letter K. We put it down now, for the letter P, first finger straight out, second finger straight down, thumb, resting gently on the side. Don't have it halfway. We're not sure what that letter is. A P, This fingers straight out, a k, This fingers straight out. For a queue. A queue is the same handshape as a G, but it's down like this. There's a G. There's a queue. And are the second finger behind your first finger? In S is simply a fist. But don't have your thumb come from the side. That doesn't form an S. Here's an S. I should be able to put these three fingers up. This second finger is what's in contact with my thumb. And S. For a t. One finger over your thumb. Make the letter a. But this finger over you have a TI. I, u is exactly like an H. However, palm is facing forward, fingers are up. A u, v looks like a V. The W looks like a W. Don't worry about trying to get your fingers really straight up. That's not the important thing. If it's more comfortable that they're like this, That's fine. We're looking at your pinky finger touching your thumb. Notice my thumb holds down my pinky. So these three fingers are up for a w and x. We make an S handshape. Put this first finger up, forming a hook. That's what it looks like from the side. Notice my thumb is not out like this. We keep that tucked away, just like it was for the letter S, for x. For y. Your thumb is out, your pinky is out. Notice again from the side, plenty of space in here. But these three fingers are together. If you try to bring those three fingers and tighter right into the palm of your hand. You see it pulls these and it becomes harder to read. And it's harder to do. Relax. Let these fingers relax. And it creates a bigger and more easily seen handshape. And for the letter Z, if you're right-handed, you are simply drawing a Z in the air just the way you would see it with your first finger. If you're left-handed, its mirror image like this. That's K through Z. We're going to take a moment to review those. K. That's what it looks like from this side angle, notice the position of my thumb just resting on the side. You should have pretty much a 90 degree angle between this finger and your second finger. L. Make sure these fingers are down low like this, but not tightly clenching. M N 0 P, just like a K, but down Q R S T U V W X. I'll show you that from the side. Y, z. 6. Numbers 1-20: Let's learn some numbers. We're going to learn the numbers 1-99. And doing that, you'll learn not only about numbers, but you'll be gaining quite a few more hands shapes that you need to master the language. Remember that handshakes or your pronunciation. So making them crisp and clear is important. I'm going to demonstrate them thoroughly for you. But remember also to pause whenever you need to and practice what you've seen. Review, look at everything again until you feel that you're comfortable with it. One, for numbers one through five, your palm is going to face towards you. That's the ASL numbering system. There is a reason for everything that's done to three. This is different from what you're used to. Thumb out and these two fingers for five. Now for the numbers six through nine, you're going to turn your palm forward. For the number six. Small number, small finger touches your thumb. The number seven, the next finger over. You'll notice I'm touching with the flat of my finger against my thumb. If you have fingernails and you're doing it like this, you are going to be hurting yourself with the flat of the finger. That is the most efficient way to make these numbers. Eight is the next finger, is the next finger. And ten. If you do make your fingers touch like this straight on 6789, it's very hard to do. 678910 is how you can do it when you use just the flat of your finger. Easier to do, easier to see, easier to read. Let's continue with the numbers 11 through 20. Starting with 11, your palm is facing you and you flick your finger up like this, you flick it away from you. I'm going to turn my hand around so you can see what that looks like. See where my thumb is. My thumb doesn't really move. Flick like this. For the number 12. Now you're going to flick with two fingers. I'll turn my hand around so you can see what that looks like. But makes sure the palm is facing you. For 13. Put these two fields like the number three, but put these two fingers together and give them a wiggle. 14, very much like the letter b. But the palm faces you and all your fingers move together. And for 15, it's the same, but put your thumb out. For 16 through 19, We need a particular movement. The original form of the number is to make a ten, a 6.6. But like every language, ASL finds a way to contract and condense communication. And so in the East, on the East Coast, 16 is done like this with a shake. 12 is enough. In the Midwest. They do it a little differently. So in some places they do it like this for 16. In California, they do it in the more formal way like this for 16, you may see some variations, but they're just that they're variations, so they're not completely different. And anyone would understand them clearly. So here, 16. The next finger over form the number seven would give it a shake for 17. The number eight give it a shape for 18. Then number nine, give it a shake for 19.20, make a fist, first finger, and your thumb. You may recognize this to be the same handshape we use for the letter G. Tap, tap 20. Now we're going to review those numbers and you can look at them. Close up. 1 234-567-8910, 1112, 1314, 1516, 1718, 1920. 7. Numbers 21-29: Let's do the numbers 21-29. Now, our numbering system in ASL came to us through French Sign Language, through Lauren declare that first teacher of the deaf. So the system that is used, it looks a little bit different than what you might expect, because it's a system that's used in many places in Europe. And for us in America, we might imagine that 20 would simply be a to zero, just like we do 304, 30. But for lots of reasons, there's a different system in the twenties. And here's where it comes from. This, what looks like an L. These two fingers, when they go up like this, tell us that we're going to do something in the twenties. It's gonna be a number that follows. And that's how it's done in many places in Europe. So if we use these two fingers for the two and form a zero. Now we see the original form of that number 20 that you've learned like this, you see it just gets very contracted and smaller. So some of these numbers in the twenties are contracted forms, they're abbreviated and that's why I need to explain them to you. The number 21 originally looked like this back in the 1800s. But as languages get older, they contract, people find more efficient ways to communicate. And so this has been contracted to this for 21, 22, you've already learned that has its own rules. For 23. This is the original form, 23 and it's perfectly correct to do it that way. But it's like saying do not, instead of don't in conversation, most people are gonna do this for 23. It's almost like the letter K that you learned, but your thumb is out and you'll wiggle this finger. I'm going to put it to the side like this. You can see I'm not bending from here all the way down to this knuckle. 23, 24 has no contracted forms, so it looks like L for 24, 25 be original form. Looks like an L, 525. That's perfectly correct also. But the contracted form is second finger down and give it a wiggle, just like 23. But Oliver, our fingers are up. So make sure you're clear about that difference. This is 23, this is 25. And for 26th through 29, there are no contracted form. So it looks like L6 for 262,728.29. Now that you've looked at those numbers, you're gonna get an opportunity to review them again. And I'm going to teach you one more sign that you're going to need for the next segment. And that is this sign. You start with a just slightly open 0. If you put it around your chin and it should bring it down, bring it down to an S. I'm not doing this. You should not see the thumb. The thumb is back here. It's just barely open and it closes to an S that's a sign for age or old. And you'll be using that later on when you do practice sentences. 8. Numbers 30-99: Let's find the numbers 30-99. Now, we're going to leave the numbers 21-29 for the next segment because they are a little bit more complex and require a little more explanation. Let's build on what you've already learned by learning the numbers one through 20. As we do the numbers 30-909430, all the way up to 98. You simply do each digit of the number, so 30 is 30, but the palm will not face you for these numbers upon must be out. Three is zero, is 30313132, is 32, and so on. All the way up to 9845 is 4565 is 65. So pretty simple. The only exception to this are the numbers that have the same digit repeated, like 20 to 33, 44, and so on, all the way up to 99. For those we need a movement to indicate that we're repeating the number. Sum of the numbers you've already learned, like 16.20, have a movement. But if we do this all day long, this still remains the number 20. If we do this all day long, this still remains the number 16. So we need a way to indicate we are intentionally repeating that digit. So we add a movement from the middle of your body to the outside. If you're left-handed, same rule applies middle of your body to be outside going the other way. So for 22, it looks like this. So if you're right-handed, remember that's the middle of your body to your right side. If you're left-handed, middle of your body to your left side. So let's do those up to 99 20 to 303-40-4505. Now makes sure you have the right finger touching to form a six for 66. And the next finger over 77, the next 188. And this finger for the number 999. Let's do those just one more time. 20 to 3344, 5566, 7078, 8909. So take a moment and pause and practice those numbers until you feel confident. And then we're ready to move on to the next segment where we will learn the numbers 21-29. 9. Colors: You've learned all the hand shapes of the fingers spelled alphabet. You've learned the hand shapes of numbers, 1-99. You're equipped to be able to learn so much vocabulary now. And I'll be able to refer to those handshakes and you'll know exactly what I'm talking about. The learning will progress more quickly. What is important as you use these materials is that you pause and take the time you need to practice and get comfortable with using this. You're going to learn 14 basic colors using those hand shapes that you've learned. Now you're going to have to pay attention, especially to the location and the movement as we make these signs for colors. So you're gonna learn for colors that are made in this area right in front of the body. We're going to take the hand shapes from the English words for these four colors. Make the letter B. I'm going to put it in front of you like this. And just like you did that movement for the number 16171819, that's the movement you want for the color blue will change the handshape to a G, but the movement is the same. And with this shaking, this becomes a couple of green form the letter P. And with that same shaking movement in front of you, this is a color, purple. Form the letter Y, n. Now we have yellow. Let me do this again for you. Blue, green, purple, and yellow. There are two colors we're going to do right on our cheek. We need the handshape be stroke down twice. Palm is forward. The color brown. The letter T. Stroke twice on the cheek, palm forward, not like this. Palm forward. Ten. Signs made around the face tend to be harder to do because you can't see them. So you want to be conscious of that when I'm directing you as to which way the palm should face, pay particular attention to that because you can't see it to monitor it, so it's harder to do. And you might think you're doing something a certain way, but you need to pay real attention to it. Brown and tan. The number one again, shape is used for the color black. Notice, my hand-shaped never changes. I'm simply moving my arm right across the forehead black. The color red, same handshape twice on the chin. Black, red. There are two more colors that are done at the chin. Orange. Here's my starting handshape. It's almost an 0. My finger and thumb or just barely apart as I put it right around my chin. Grab, grab, grab, grab, grab, grab, grab orange. And that stands for the color orange and also for the fruit. And then we're gonna make the letter P. And with your second finger, not your first 1 s, one stroke down twice pink. So those three done at the chin, red, orange. And then with a P for pink. You see the reason why we don't touch with the first finger and look at this, does not look exactly like the color red. We can't see this finger. So we put it up here for the color pink. Gray and white are done involving the front of the body. Want to fives very stiff hands. Notice that my fingers are hitting each other like this, gray. And for the color white, you're going to start with this handshape, which we call a claw. It's like a five, but turn it into a claw on your chest like this and bring it straight out. And now I'm going to turn my hand to show you the handshape. And that handshape is a new handshape for you called a flat 0. So I can oh, but flat like that. A claw. A flat 0. Don't turn your handout. It comes straight out like this. White to more colors. Gold and silver, the important ones. So you learn the number 25. We need that same handshape, that second fingers straight down. Touch your ear lobe and give it a shake. Notice that my palm stays facing the side of my face the whole time. Doesn't turn out. Just give it a shake and move away from the pace. As I said, signs made around the face or harder to do because you can't see them do it in a mirror. If you need to check yourself to see that your palm stays facing the side of your face. And with that little shaking that's gold. The original format that sine is this is designed for shiny. People wore gold earrings, so shiny on the EAR equals gold. And the last color involves two handshakes and S, and a one. And S and a one. With that one, you're going to touch your ear lobe. Now, tuck that finger in for an S and give it that same kind of shake. Again, notice which way my palm is facing, it's facing out. Let's do a quick review of those 14 colors. There are four better done in front of you. A B hand shape for blue. A G, handshape for green. Why handshape for yellow? A P, handshape for purple? You're going to make a claw. And it's going to come straight out to a flat 0 for the color white here and make the color gray with a one. The color black. Three that are done at your chin are red, orange, and pink too, that are done on your cheek. Brown and tan. Two that are done that involve your ear lobe, the side of your face. I'm going to make it look like the number 25s, that handshape, touch your ear lobe, give it a shake. And then with an S, I'm going to start with the number one is going to tuck down to an S, touch with a one and give it a shake as you form an S not in a and S. For silver. Those are your 14 colors. 10. Sentence Practice - Colors: You've learned colors, so let's practice them in sentences. To do that, I need to teach you a few signs that you need to do some simple sentences. So let's find the sign for I or me. You simply make the number one and point to yourself, I or me. No thumb. Don't make it look like this. We shouldn't see your thumb. Like the number one. Eye. For me. The sign for alike. Not alike, but to like something. I like broccoli. You remember the number eight? We're going to open this to an open eight, close date. Open a close date. The open eight hand shape is what I'm showing you. That goes on your chest palm facing you and close it. So it looks like the number eight, but your palm is still facing your chest. Don't bring it out like this. You don't have your fingers down like this. Make sure all your fingers are up. So it's just like that handshake for the number eight. Open, close, open, close. That means to like want. We need to claw hand shapes. These are fives, but you turn them into what looks like a claw. Turn your palms up and simply draw your arms in. Don't close your fingers is no finger movement at all. Just draw them in. You're just pulling your arms straight in. Want the last sign is to have or has he has something? She has something I have something. Same sign. You're going to make clothes fives. You will bend them over like this. That's the handshape. Now here's what you do with it. Bring them straight in. Not here in too close to each other, but more on your shoulders. Have having learned those signs, you can now do the sentences that are on your practice page, on page six. Let me demonstrate those first three of three of those sentences for you. I want red. I have read. I like red. So now when you look at page six, you will see there is a list of sentences for you to do. Take the time you need to do all of those sentences. Practice those handshakes, practice forming those signs. Moving your hand from one hand shape to another until you feel comfortable. And then you'll be ready to move on to the next segment. 11. Animals - Part 1: You've learned about finger spelling, numbers, and colors. So you've learned most of the hand shapes that are required for you to master the vocabulary of the language. Most of those signs, we're one-handed signs. We're going to do animals. And many of these are two-handed signs. So this is going to involve a little bit more than what you've done before. Pay attention to hand shapes. I'll explain each sinus, I do it. And we'll have a review at the end to help you to process fees. We'll start with one animal. Notice my handshape. And this is near the outside of the chest, kind of near your shoulders. Don't put the sign in like this close and the sign moves inward, not down, not up inward for an animal. Number two is lion. This is a claw hand shape and go backwards like you're combing your hair. Number three is tiger. Same handshape but with two hands, both clause. You're going to put them here. And we're going to outline the stripes of a tiger. Notice there's no finger movement. I'm simply bringing my hands backwards on my cheek, not down, not forward, straight back. Number four, bear to claw hands on your shoulders and scratch them. Number five, a crocodile to claw hands. And notice my fingers are not just meeting like this, but these are representing the teeth. So this is a crocodile or alligator. Number six is a cat. We're going to make two F or nine hand shapes and pull those whiskers. People tend to do this and forget to put their fingers up. This is not a cat. Nines, make sure these fingers are up. And 12, for a cat. Number seven is a fox. We're going to make that letter F, put it right on your nose and give it a twist back-and-forth. A fox. Number eight, An owl. We need two O's up and down, up and down in front of your eyes. For owl. Some people do it like this. That's okay. Also, number nine, is a dog. For a dog. There are one or two parts to the sign. Some people do a pat on the leg like that. They just kinda tap down here on their thigh. That's optional. But the second part of the sine is the important part. It's going to look a little bit like the letter K, but turn it towards you and take your second finger and scratch your thumb. Here's what it looks like straight on but you're going to turn it. So the palm is facing your chest. A dog, the pat on the thigh is optional, can be done before or after this. It's like a silent snap, but there is no snap. You're just rubbing that finger against the thumb. A dog. Number ten, a bug. Make a three. Then these fingers put your thumb on your nose like this, and scrunch these fingers. A bug not under your nose right on top of you knows, just resting there. A bug. Number 11 is a dear. And for that we're going to produce the antlers. So we're going to make 25 hand shapes. Your thumbs right here. There is a deer, there's no movement. Number 12, a raccoon. Two. Number two's. Notice my fingers are straight and they close like scissors. 12, for raccoon. My fingers don't bend like this. They don't stay open. They close like scissors. One to raccoon. 13 is a skunk. We need a K handshape. And we're gonna go straight back that same motion that we used for a lion. A skunk. Number 14 is a turtle. That's a two-handed sign. And your dominant hand is in a handshape. Remember your dominant hand if you're right-handed, your right hand. If you're left-handed, it's your left hand. Cover it up. Don't cover it up from the front. Cover it from the side. Move your thumb. That's a turtle. Number 15, we have a squirrel. Bend twos, right here in front of the mouth. A squirrel. Number 16 is a horse. You remember the number 13? That's a hand shape and movement that we need. Thumb here at the side of the head. My palm is facing the floor. A little movement for a horse. Number 17 is a pig. Make a number five, right into your chin. Give it a wiggle. Number 18. A frog. Make the number 12. Put this under your chin, flick out the number 12. Number 19 is a wolf. I'm going to show you the handshape because we have a handshape change to deal with here. This is called the closed claw to a Flatow. It's almost like the handshape used for making the color white. This around the nose. Close it to a Flatow. A wolf. Number 20, an elephant. Straight out, right from the nose. Straight out. 21 is a snake. Bend your twos right in front of the mouth, wiggle it out like this. A snake. Number 20 to a bird. Like making the number 20, but we're going to form the beak right in front of the mouth, not in the nose and the chin right in front of the mouth, straight out and not to the side. A bird. Number 23 is a duck. Two ways to do a duck. You can put these two fingers together with your thumb and form the duck's bill. Or some people would do it with their whole hand. Either way is fine. Number 24 is a rhinoceros. We're gonna make the letter Y. Put your thumb on your nose. And 12, with that motion just rested on your nose, not underneath right here. A rhino. Let's review those. I'm going to go through them more quickly now. And you can practice with me as I go along. Here's an animal, a lion or a tiger, or a bear, a crocodile, a cat, fox, an hour, a dog, a bug, a deer, raccoon, a skunk, a turtle, a squirrel, a horse, a pig, a frog, a wolf, and the elephant, a snake, a bird, a duck, or a duck, and a rhino. Review those again if you need to practice them until you feel comfortable. And we'll do a second group. The animals. 12. Animals - Part 2: Let's continue and complete our list of animals. The next one, number 25, is hippo. To y hand shapes. My dominant hand. In my case, my right hand is on top. Tap, tap, tap, tap for a hippo. Number 26 is a fish. Keep these fingers closed. Give it a little wiggle moving away from you. Number 27 is a shark. Make a B handshape. And right here at the top of your head, you can imagine what that's representing. Number 28 is a little bit harder to do. So have some fun. I should try to coordinate yourself making this sign non-dominant arm. So if you're right-handed, your left arm is what should be out in front of you? Straight. Your dominant hand. Why handshape? Put it at your elbow, swim to your wrist. Have you seen that again, be nice and graceful. We want a nice-looking whale. And 29 is formed very similarly. Put your arm up in the same way, but form the letter D. We're going to initialize this one. Start at your elbow, swim to your wrist. A second way to do a dolphin is one that people often like to do. So it's a little bit more fun. Can make the letter R, put your thumb out. Turn it this way like we did for fish and you can swim and here's a dolphin. This way. You could have two dolphins. Number 30, an eagle. We're going to make the letter G, open it up and open G and put it right in front of you as you did for bird. Tap, tap an eagle, not a bet. The nose, not at the chin, right in front of the mouth. Ego. Number 31, an octopus. This is also a two-handed sign and involves a little bit of coordination. So your non-dominant hand, just put it up right here. Let it flopped down. A flat 0 handshape. Put it right here in the middle of the back of your hand. Close up that bottom. Push, push, push. I'm not moving downward. Just push, push, push. Octopus. Number 32. This is also a two-handed sign where one hand does all of the movement, which your arm out in front of you like this. And now take out your trusty scissors. And with your palm facing up, you're going to shear off some of that wool. Sheep. 33, a goat. We, this is done with one hand, but we need to change our handshape as we make a movement with an S hand. Tap your chin, and then flip up to the number 12 to form the horns on the head. 12. For a goat. 34 is a butterfly. This is pretty much everyone's favorite. With your palms facing you. Close your fingers to form a closed five on both hands. Crossover and lock your thumbs like this. And you have a butterfly. Watch that again. Fives, close your fingers, crossed them over, and lock your thumbs together. A butterfly. 35 is a turkey. Make a G handshape. Put it under your chin. Tap, tap. Tap, tap. For a turkey. 36 is a spider. 37. It's also a favorite and it's made with the same hand shapes are used for a butterfly. Make two fives. Close your fingers, put your dominant hand on top and watch my thumbs. Swim. A sea turtle. 38, a rabbit. Make two fists. And form two letter H's and give them a wiggle with your fingers together. A rabbit. 39, a rat. The letter R and just tap your nose. A rat. Number 40, with one finger, make that same motion that you did for a rat. For a mouse. 41 is a giraffe. A C handshape. Put it right around your throat and go straight up. For a giraffe. 40 to a cow. To y hand shapes. Tap your thumbs against the side of your head. A cow. 43, a monkey. Almost anyone can do this. Too quiet hands. A monkey. 44. Make two, a hands. A gorilla. 45, a worm. The dominant hand is the one that has to move. 46. As zebra. Form two fours. Your dominant hand is on top. And show the stripes. Notice your hands are moving away from each other opposite direction. 47 is a seal. Turn your palms so that they're facing on the outside and crossover your hands and clap for a seal. Let me show you that again. Close your fingers. Turn your palms out, cross your hands over and clap for a seal. And 48. A penguin. Two fives. Close your fingers, put them right here at your hips are just above. And look like a penguin. Very easy. Now I'll do a quick review of those. Follow along. Pay attention to the hand shapes as I do them. I Hippo, a fish, a shark, a whale with a d, a dolphin. Or the second way to do a dolphin. An eagle, an octopus, a sheep, or goat, a butterfly, a turkey, a spider, a sea turtle, a rabbit or a rat, a mouse, a giraffe, a cow, a monkey, gorilla, a worm, a zebra, a seal, and a penguin. Practice those and have fun. 13. Sentence Practice - Animals: Having learned all of those animals, you'll want to get in some sentence practice now, which is found on page nine. I'm going to demonstrate some of the sentences that are on that page. And then you'll be able to pause and take whatever time you need to practice all of those sentences until you can produce those sentences smoothly. Here's the first one we need to learn the sign for my ore mine. And that's done with a closed five handshape, possessive handshape my ore mine. And we would use that same handshape for your or yours. My cat, purple and I'm hoping your cat is not purple. These are, some of these are silly sentences, but it's to give you practice. My wolf, gray, my snake, age 13, my fish, age 27. Be sure to take your time as you practice. You're putting you're putting together now a number of skills. Handshape, hand-shaped changes. Some things are one-handed, some things are two-handed. It's really a lot to take in at one time. The important thing is that you practice well enough to feel confident about what you've learned. 14. Family: Let's learn some families signs. We've chosen some of the more common signs for family and relationships. The signs, some of them are a little bit more complex than the ones that you've learned previously. They might involve two hands and also might involve changing your handshape as you produce the sign. I'll take you through these slowly and methodically. Our first one is girl, and the handshape we need is an extended Thumb, a like you did for the number ten. And I'm going to turn my head so you can see your thumb touches your jaw bone and stroke forward 1212 for girl. Number two is boy, 12. And you notice we end with a flat 0 handshape 12 right at the forehead. Number three, mother, we need a five handshape and the thumb contacts, Virgin. Mother. Just like that, make sure your fingers stay spread. Number four is farther. Same handshape. Or five, your thumb contexts of forehead right in the middle. Tap, tap. Father. Number five, grandmother. That same five handshape. We start just like we did for mother, but we need a different motion. 12 as it goes forward. 12 for grandmother, grandfather. It's the same sinus grandmother, but a different location. 12 for grandfather. You start like the sign for father and go forward. One to number seven is woman. And we're going to start just as we did for the sign for mother. But the thumb now contacts to chest at the chin. And then the chest for woman. Number eight is man. And that starts up here at the forehead, as in father, and contact the chest. Man. Number nine. Aren't an a hand shape. Your thumb is not out. Make it a nice a stroke down the cheek twice. Don't have your thumbnail touching your cheek like this. It looks just like this. On the cheek. You just rub the cheek like that. Number ten, uncle, we need a huge handshape and right here at the side of the head, tap, tap front uncle. Number 11 is nice. And this also is going to use the first initial of the English word, the N. Just like you did for aren't stroke down twice. For nice. Number 12, nephew, same handshape, different location. Stroke down twice just like for nice. But at the side of the forehead. Nephew. Number 13 is cousin. Will use a C handshape. The palm faces the side of the head and just swivel your wrist, cousin. Number 14. The sign is literally law. But here with family signs, it's used for in-law. Your non-dominant hand. A closed five. Your dominant hand is in l. And from your fingertips back to your wrist, it contacts your hand twice. 12. Here it is a little bit from the side. Law or in-law. Number 15 is daughter. We're going to start like the sign for girl with that same extended them a handshape. But now we have to change our handshape and bring this down. And our hand rests right here in the crook of the arm with the palm facing up. Obviously it's originally designed for baby, girl, baby, but we don't do this because daughters to grow up and become 40 years old and they don't like being the girl baby. So we start like this. On the way down, change your handshape and rest it right here. For Sun. Similar, but we're starting with a sign for boy or male close ones. And bring this to Crook of your arm. Son. Noticed this difference. Boy is twice. Girl is twice. But when it becomes a compound sign, when we're combining it with something else to create the idea of daughter, We don't do this twice. Daughter. And the same for sun. We don't do this twice. It's done once. And then down. Number 17. Granddaughter. Well, the bad news is the most common way to do this as you want to spell grand, g, r, a, n, D, and then do the sign for daughter. And for number 18, you're gonna do the same thing. G are a and D, followed by Sun. For grandson. Number 19, wife. We're gonna do that sign for girl or female and combine it with Mary. Here. Change your handshape, clasp your hands nice and tight. See my thumbs are closed down on my hand. Wife. Number 20. For husband. The sign from male, married equals husband. 21. Sister. You're going to start with that same extended Thumb, a handshape down your jaw. And now we're going to change to two, number one hand shapes. And notice that my fist meets my fist. Let's see that again. Sr, number 22, brother is done similarly, boy or male. And two number ones, fist on fist. Notice my dominant hand is signing mail up here and my dominant hand is on top. When it gets to the bottom for brother. Number 23 is divorce. We need two Ds. They're going to be facing each other, touching, and then we move them apart like this. Divorce, a twist your wrist so palms starts facing each other and then facing out. Divorce. Number 24 is separate or separate. When here we need the handshape that I call an open seat. It's like a C, but I thumb comes out the way we did for bread. With this handshape. We're going to use both of our hands and pull them apart. Separate or separate. And number 25, we need the sign for Mary. We might as well have a happy ending to this. Mary. Just like that, make sure your clasping, your thumbs are closed down in your hands to marry. 15. Sentence Practice - Family: Your Practice page four, sentences that have family vocabulary, has two sections to it. First, I'll show you the top half, the first three sentences. My sister likes. And then you're going to fill in the blank with a food or drink. So it should be my sister likes. And then you come up with a food or drink that you want to fill in their sentence number two, at the top, my aunt likes and fill in a food or drink. And the third one, my niece, likes and fill in a food or drink. At the bottom of the page are more sentences. They're going to follow the same format as the top, with simply substituting age instead of a food or drink. So the first one should look like this. My sister, age 19, the second one, my aunt, age 72, and the third one, my niece, age ten. And continue with the format that you see at the top until you've done all of those sentences as a total of 46 sentences you should be doing on that page and you'll be ready to move on. 16. Food and Drink - Part 1: Food signs. If you haven't eaten yet, you're gonna be very hungry. After this segment. This is going to be food and drink. Number one, we're going to form two S hands, dominant hand on top. Coffee. Which way is my hand moving? As a right-handed person? My right hand is on top. I am moving counter clockwise. If you're left-handed, your left hand would be on top and your hand is moving clockwise. Coffee. Number two, cream. I start with my bottom hand, fingers close. On top. I have kind of a claw hand and I stay on my hand, close it to n Fs for cream. Scooping the cream off the top of the milk pale. That's where that sign comes from. Cream. Number three, sugar or sweet. A closed five. And keeping your fingers together, stroke your chin like this one too sweet or sugar. Number for milk. Do this with an S hand, just gently open and close milk. Number five, there are a few signs for cereal that are used, but one has become pretty much a standard around the country. I'm going to start here and we're going to quickly form an X and we're gonna kinda crawl across our chin. I'm starting on my dominant side and moving to my non-dominant side. Serial number six, eggs, two H hands shapes. Dominant hand on top, it's resting right here. Crack open the eggs. Number seven. Bacon. Also with two H hands shapes. We're going to make this look like bacon frying in the pan. My fingers are nice and straight and they just wiggle away from each other. All of my finger is moving as I do this. They don't turn out like this. We're showing the bacon strips so my fingers stay facing each other. Number eight, sausage. In the old meat markets, sausages were bought and you would buy so many links. So we're going to outline the links one-two-three, one-two-three. So you're gently forming S hands as your hands move away from each other. 123, sausage. Number nine, toast. Your non-dominant hand is a closed five fingers are together. Dominant hen forms to in your palm and on the back side of your hand, in the palm. On the back side of your hand for toast. Ten. Read. The handshape we're going to use is one that I call an open sea. It's like the letter C. But we put our thumb out like this. Both hands are going to use that handshape. It's like C. But put your thumbs out. And my dominant hand moves. I start at my fingernails. 123 for sliced bread. 123. I'm moving from my fingernails back towards my wrist. Brad. Well, we can have bread without butter, number 11. So a flat close five. And h handshape to represent my butter knife. Butter. Number 12. Muffin to claw hands. Dominant hand on top and give it a little wiggle as you move upward. A muffin. Number 13 is pancake. This is also a fun sign for people to do. People usually laugh a little bit as I do this, I think it's a very cool sign. Bottom hand, closed five flat. And here's what you do. Your same handshape for your dominant hand to close five. Hit, give it a wiggle. Flip it over. Hit, give it a wiggle. Flip it over. Pancake. 14. We need some tea. With your non-dominant hand pharmacy to represent the cup. Your dominant hand. If you use a tea bag, you would pick that up by your little paper tab and Duncan and the teacup. So here we're going to do that, but we're going to use a circular motion. And this moves in the same way as you did for coffee. If you're right-handed. This is moving counterclockwise. If you're left-handed, it's moving clockwise. Number 15. Juice, form an I 0 handshape. We're going to turn the palm towards us. And you're sort of drawing a J right from the corner of your mouth. Juice. Number 16. Orange, exactly like the color 17. With your non-dominant hand. Put up a number one with your dominant hand from a Flatow for the sign for banana. Banana or a peach. Notice where my thumb is for this, it's underneath my jaw bone. My fingers just come down gently to a flat 0, peach, peach fuzz. Peach. Number 19. This involves two hands shapes and a movement. With your non-dominant hand. You're going to form a flat 0 handshape, it looks like this, but the palm will face your chest with your dominant hand. Former one. Put it right here at your chin. I want you to notice where my palm is facing. It's not facing to my left, It's out. And we cut, slice the tomato. Tomato. Number 20, fruit. We're going to use the letter F at the corner of your mouth. Give it a little twist. Fruit. 21. Cheese. Your bottom hand is a closed five. Your top hand is an open five. I have the heel of my hand against my bottom hand. And I'm going to push just like I'm trying to squash a mass something in my hand. Cheese. 22. Chicken. Exactly like the sign for bird. Chicken. 23 steak. Non-dominant hand is a five. My fingers are opened this time and I'm going to take what will be a number nine, I'm going to pinch right here and give it a wiggle. Steak and 24 fish, exactly like you did for the animal. Fish. Practice those and we will do a second group of food and drink signs. 17. Food and Drink - Part 2: Let's continue learning food and drink signs. Number 25 is Turkey, which you already learned when we did the animals. It's the same sign. You're going to make a G or Q handshape and tap tab under your chin. Number 26 is sandwich. You're going to make two closed five hand shapes. Your dominant hand is in front. Your non-dominant hand is closer to your chest, 12 up to your mouth, a sandwich. It's representing the two slices of bread. Number 27, vegetable. We're going to make the letter V. And with your palm forward, first finger touches the corner of your mouth. Flip it. Second finger touches the corner of your mouth. Vegetable, palm out. Palm in 28. Potato, this is a two-handed sign. Your non-dominant hand forms a fist or an S handshape that's representing the general shape of a potato. Make a number to bend it over. Tap, tap, representing the fork. Going in to check a baked potato. 29 is corn. And when I teach this sign, I do have a little bit of fun with it. There's one version that's a little bit harder. And that's the one that I do first. And it usually gives people a few laughs as they stumble along trying to do it. Make two number one hand shapes. And your dominant hand palms out. Non-dominant hand palm is n. And you're going to move to your non-dominant side as both hands twist. You already laughing, doing that one, people have a hard time with that. Palm out on your dominant hand. Palm in on your non-dominant hand. Twist as you move to your non-dominant side. If you're not too happy with that, there is a little easier way to do corn. That's also perfectly acceptable. Make 2is, give it a little twist as you head to your non-dominant side for corn. Number 30. Peas. Non-dominant hand forms, a one. Dominant hand forms. And x1233 Ps and a pod. Number 31. Carrots. There are quite a few signs for carrots. I'm going to show you two of the most common signs for carrots that will be readily understood by anybody. The first, a carrot, just like you're biting it off. The second one. Put your non-dominant hand out just as you did for peace. Making a put your thumb out a little bit like this and peel the carrot. Number 32, lettuce. You're going to make this C handshape but put the thumb out and open sea. And with the heel of your hand, tap, tap on the side of your head. For lettuce. Number 33. Salad. To claw hands. You're going to have them face each other with the palms up. My fingers can actually touch. They're straight onto each other, right in front, and now gently toss the salad that's assigned for salad. 34. Pizza. There are quite a few signs for pizza around the country. Not really one standard, but I'll show you what I think is the most common sign for pizza. Make an open G and not right in front of you, but off to the side. Pizza, just like you're picking up a slice of pizza by the crust. Number 35, soup, we need two different hand shapes. Non-dominant hand, a little bit of a curve here to form the bowl. Your dominant hand make a u. Fingers together, curve them a little bit. This represents a spoon. Bring it to your mouth twice for soup. Number 36 Pi. Form a base here. And picture a large V in your hand for the shape of a slice of pie. And with this hand outline that V cut, cut. For pi 37 water. We're going to use the letter W and tap, tap on the chin. My palm of my dominant hand is facing to my non-dominant side. Don't turn it around like this. My first finger touches the chin. Here's what it looks like from the side. Tap, tap for water. Remember 38, Coca-Cola. There are a couple of signs for Coca-Cola around the country. And older sign and one that's still used in some areas is this one, Coca-Cola. But in some parts of the country that looks a little bit like drugs. And in some cities in particular, that sign isn't so popular. So people will spell C 0, K E Coke. And that it's fairly easy to do once you practice. The letters flow smoothly from one to the other. Easy to spell. That has become common in a lot of places for Coca-Cola. 39, Pepsi. Pepsi does have its own sign making. I have the palm facing towards you. On your dominant side 12. Non-dominant. Your dominant side, 12 for Pepsi. Why does Pepsi have a sign? But we tend to spell Coke. Well, if you try to spell Pepsi, you'll see how awkward that feels. So even for a fluent signer, this isn't really preferred, certainly correct to do, but we have a sign for Pepsi. I'm not sure where it came from, but it's a lot more fun than spelling it. For 40 soda or pop. With your non-dominant hand form of fifths, but open it up just a little bit, create a small hole with your dominant hand. Remember the number 25, that handshape also for gold. Finger in and top it off. Finger in. Top it off soda pop. Number 41. Onion. Make an X but make it very tight. And right here, because when you slice an onion, you tend to cry. 42. Hot dog. You learned before sausages. The link's hot dog is a single link. So here is a sign for hot dog. Here's a second sign for hot dog that you might see in some places, that's fine. Also reformed the role or the button here, and here's the hot dog. Either one of those is fine. 43, hamburger. Clasp, clasp. Dominant hand on top. Non-dominant hand on top. Hamburger. 44. Not or peanut. Make an a. But your thumb out just a little bit and flick it forward. Not or peanut. 45, jelly or jam. Form a basis is representing the bread. Making IN shape and spread the jelly or jam on the bread, one to jelly or jam. 46. A melon. Make an S handshape or a fist like you did for potato. With your dominant hand. Make an eight and thump your fist. Those of you that live in farm areas or who work around produce, you know why that's assigned? For melon, you have to thump it to see if it's ripe and ready. Number 47, watermelon. And that's just as simple as it sounds. You'll learn the sign for water. You've learned the sign for Mellon. Water. Melon. Number 48. Ice-cream, grabbed the cone and enjoy ice cream. 49. Candy maker number one. But it right here in the middle of your cheek and twist, it comes from assigned for toothache, candy and number 50 gum. Then you're to put it right here in your cheek. Rotate it forward. For gum. Let's review those signs to give you some practice. Turkey sandwich, vegetable, potato, corn, or corn. Peas, carrots, lettuce, salad, pizza, soup, Pi, water, coke or Coke. Pepsi, soda, onion, hot dog, hamburger. Not or peanut. Jelly or jam. Mellon watermelon, ice cream, candy and gum. You're ready to practice those in sentences. 18. Sentence Practice - Food and Drink: For sentence practice with foods, Here are your first three sentences. I'll demonstrate b's. Then you can pause and take the time you need to practice all the sentences on the page. Work with them until you feel you can produce some smoothly and you feel somewhat confident, then you'll be ready to move on to the next section. Sentence one, I want coffee. I want coffee. Sentence two, I want bacon. And sentence three, I want eggs. Take note of those hand shapes, the movement, and practice until you feel comfortable. 19. Your First Story: You're ready to do your first story. We're going to utilize the vocabulary that you've used until now. And in this story you're going to use three types of pronouns. Sentence one. So we need a closed five, handshape my name. And you're going to finger spell your name. Sentence two, with a one, handshape, I and age. And then you can decide whether to tell you real age. For sentence number three, I like. And you're going to fill in a color, whatever you decide to use. Sentence number four, I like and fill in an animal from your vocabulary. Sentence five, I want and fill in an animal from your vocabulary. Sentence number six, I like. And there you can put in a food that you've learned. Sentence number seven, I like. And there you're going to put in a drink that you've learned. Sentence number eight. My here you're going to put it in someone from the vocabulary you've learned about family, could be friend, mother, whatever you decide is named, and finger spell their name. Now, we're going to introduce this third pronoun for sentence number nine. We're going to now refer to this person that you've introduced if you said my aunt. Now we want to use the pronoun she. And how do we do a pronoun like that in American Sign Language, you simply point to the space in front of you. You usually do that on your dominant side though there's not an absolute rule about it. So if you've said My aunt is named and you spelled her name, now, she is age and put in her age. For sentence number ten. She has and fill in an animal. For sentence number 11. She wants and fill in an animal. Sentence number 12, she or he whatever you put in, likes and do a food, and then he or she likes and fill in a drink. And now you've used all of those pronouns, used vocabulary from the various groups of signs that you've learned in those sets of vocabulary. And soon enough, you're gonna be, do, be doing a longer story. Your second story. 20. Verbs - Part 1: Let's do some verbs. We've chosen some of the more common verbs that you might need to use, and also the ones that are fairly easy to produce. But having said that, the first one we're gonna do, maybe the most difficult one of the lists. So I'll take you through the steps. Number one is r1. Form two l's. Then your fingers. Make your palms face each other. And keep your thumbs up. Front fingers bent. And now put your dominant hand in back of your non-dominant hand. Hook your finger around your thumb, keep your thumbs up. And here's the movement. Watch as I do this again, else, bend your fingers. Turn your palms. Keep that hand shape. Bent fingers, raised thumbs. Dominant hand in the back with your finger hooking around your thumb. And here's some movement for Brian. Number to walk and hear your hands represent your feet. Number three, jump. Non-dominant hand forms a flat surface. Dominant hand, a number to jump. Number for dance, we need a platform with the non-dominant hand and the number two. And here's some movement for dance. Number five. Sing. Non-dominant hand is simply out straight. And here with a closed five, we're going to act like a conductor. Number six, swim. Obviously that sign was developed when breaststroke was popular. Number seven, play. You remember the color yellow? Well, we're gonna make that same sign essentially, but with two hands. And that's play. Two y's twist your wrist. Number eight. Drive. Your hand shapes with both hands are S's. Put your thumb around here not on top, and move forward and back for Dr. number nine to write. It's just as if you're holding a pen or pencil and write on the paper. Number ten. To draw. Non-dominant hand forms of platform and close five. Dominant hand is an eye. And with your palm facing your chest. Move your hand down. In this motion. To draw or illustrate. Number 11, sleep. We're going to start with a claw hand and end up as a Flatow right in front of the face, down to a flat-out sleep. Whether you close your eyes or not, is optional. If you're telling a story, you might want to close your eyes and play the part. Number 12. Cook. A platform with a closed five, and also with a close five, cook flipping something over in a frying pan. Number 13 to laugh. Went to number ones. And we're simply going to indicate smile, smile, smile to equal laugh. Number 14. To eat. Make a flat 0 handshape and bring it to your mouth repeatedly for eat. Number 15, we want to see handshape just as if we are holding a cup. Bring it up to your mouth twice. Drink. Number 16. Read. Your non-dominant hand is a closed five with your palm facing to your right if you're right-handed. Form a number two, up and down the page to read number 17, bike to S hands and alternate as if you are actually pedaling. 21. Verbs - Part 2: Let's continue with our verb signs. Number 18 is set. Your non-dominant hand is going to form an H. Handshape. This is the seat. Your dominant hand forms an H, but bend the fingers, keep them together. Sit. One single motion for CIT. Number 19 is count. Your non-dominant hand forms a platform. A close five. Dominant hand is in the f or nine. Make sure you keep all these fingers up for this handshape. And one to going forward for count. Keep the fingers up so it doesn't look like the sign for two, right? That can easily be confused. Count number 20. Paint. Your non-dominant hand is a closed five. It's forming essentially a wall or a surface. Your dominant hand is a closed five. That's your paintbrush, paint. 21. To visit. You need to V hand shapes and you're going to rotate them alternating. Going forward. Visit number 22 to stand. Non-dominant hand forms of platform, uh, to representing your legs. Stand, very simple. Stand. Number 23. Work to S hands. Your dominant hand makes contact with your wrist at least twice. Work. Your palms are facing down. 24. To talk. We need a four handshape. And you're going to use that first finger to tap, tap at your chin. Tap tap for Talk. Number 25 to C. We need a V handshape or a two. Second finger is right under your eye and go forward to see that sign was actually brought to us by Laurent Claire. It's one of the original French Sign Language Science brought here. If you know the French word for to see, which starts with a V, you'll understand why that sign is done that way. Number 26, to learn non-dominant hand forms of platform. And our dominant hand is a handshape that we call a closed claw. It's like a claw that you learned, especially with some of the animal and food signs. But we close it down like this. Start here on the hand, close to a Flatow up near the forehead. Learn. The idea is you're taking information from a printed page, a book, and putting it in your head to learn. Number 27, to study. Your non-dominant hand forms a closed five. Your dominant hand is a five, and aim it this way. Palm down, wiggle their fingers. Study. Number 28, to teach. To learn is take information from a page, put it in your head. Now to teach, you're gonna take that information and pass it on. So we're going to need to flat O's and go forward like we did for the sign for Dr. Teach. Number 29 to know. Closed Five tap to know. And number 30 is don't know which is a contraction. The sign for No and flip it out. Don't know. Number 31. Like two like something. Be finishing handshape is an eight. We're going to open this up as we put it on the chest, bring it straight out the palm stays facing your chest the whole time to like make sure you keep these fingers up to like 32. Don't like this also is a contraction. So we do the sign for like and throw it down. Don't like. Number 33. Want we need to claw hand shapes. Palm faces up. Draw your hands straight back. Notice there's no finger movement. Want number 34. Don't want. This also is a contraction. So we do the sign for want and then throw it down. Don't want. Number 35. Have R handshape is a close five that we bend over like this. A closed bent five. Nice and flat. Make both hands form the same handshape. And here's the sign. Have, I have something? We don't use it in phrases like I have to. And we don't use it in expressions like I have been there before. Think of it as possession, I have something. Now you're ready to practice those. 22. Sentence Practice - Verbs: Let's practice those verbs in sentences. We're going to incorporate some of your previous vocabulary in these sentences. The first one, my turtle, jumps. Remember for that sign Turtle, your dominant hand is on the bottom. That's the one that moves sentence to. My aunt. Works palms down for that sign. And the third one, my sister, skates. Take your time, practice with those until you feel comfortable, reasonably confident, and you'll be ready to move on to the next section. 23. Emotions: Emotions and feelings. For that first sign for emotion. Both of your hands will form the letter E. Handshape, palms. We'll face your chest. And now tap your chest as you do this and make an alternating circular motion forward. That's the sign for emotion. As usual, I start with the most difficult one. So it'll be easy from here on in number too. Angry. From a claw hand shape. Angry. When you make the sign, you don't have to look furious, but you don't want to have a smile on your face. It should be convincing. Angry. Number three, hungry. A C handshape. Put it right here on your chest, bring it straight down. Once hungry. If you're very hungry, you don't repeat the motion. You would just show it on your face. I'm really hungry. Assigned for hungry. Just once. Number for happy. Close five handshakes, two hands, and tap your chest. But go forward in a rotating motion. For males, for signs tend to be done lower for obvious reasons. And for females the sun's done, the sinus done higher for obvious reasons. Happy, but you should make contact. Number five, sad to five hand shapes, bring them straight down for SAD. Number six, tired. Both of your hands will form an open C, handshape contact. Let them drop. Here's what it looks like as it contacts your chest, you just let them let your hands fall. But them here, not close in the middle, but here more towards your shoulders. Just let them drop. Tired. Number seven, surprised. Visa, your eyelids opening up. Surprised and look surprised. If you do this with no facial expression. That's simply wake up or open your eyes to wake up. Surprise, surprise. Number eight, board, everyone's favorite sign board. Yes, that's really the sign for board. Number nine. Afraid to S hand shapes. Open them two fives as your hands crossover. Afraid. Number ten, nervous. Pretty much a natural gesture. Open fives, look nervous. Number 11, excited. For this. We want both of our hands to form a 25 handshape. You're going to rotate your hands forward as you've done with a number of signs so far, but you must make contact with the chest contact, contact, contact as you move them forward. Excited. Number 12 to enjoy. Close five handshape. One hand on top, one hand below your dominant hand should be on top and in a circular motion to enjoy. That one is a challenge for some people, sort of like doing this. To enjoy, have fun with that one. Number 13, thirsty. A number one handshape. And slightly off-center on your dominant side, just stroke down with a flat of your finger. Thirsty. Practice those and you'll be ready to do some sentences. 24. Your Second Story: For your second story, I need to teach you some new vocabulary. First, how do we say hello? Well, you can wave anyone understands that anywhere. But a more formal sign in American Sign Language is homozygous solute. Hello. The sign for borne. Your dominant hand is on the bottom. Twist your wrist out towards your dominant side. Born. The next thing you need is live life. Make two L hands. Your palm faces the body and bring them right up the body. Students often have a little trouble with this. They turn their hands out. They tried to point these fingers at each other. It's simply two L's have traveled right up the body, live or life. The next sign is town or city or village. You're going to make two closed fives and tap, tap just like that as you turn them a little bit, just representing multiple rooftops, have a community, town, city, village. The next one is favorite. You need that 25, handshape, that second finger, tap, tap, tap. Favorite or preferred. And now the days of the week, six of these days are initialized, so use the first initial of the English word. So for Monday we need an M. It's important that you make this M with your fingers straight out like this. You then turn your palm towards the ceiling and a circular motion. If you're right-handed, that's counterclockwise. If you're left-handed, it's clockwise. Monday, if you make a very tight m, we can't really see these three fingers and we're not sure what that handshape is. And it may look like a different day. These should be straight out and together, but still resting on your thumb because your palm is up. Monday. Tuesday, we want to see your thumb also palm faces towards you. Same circular motion for Wednesday, a W but where the palm facing you, Wednesday For Thursday, this was originally done th like that. But today people drop the tea and it's just an H with that same circular motion, Thursday. For Friday. And F handshape palm facing you circular motion, Friday or Saturday. Make an S, handshape. Palm faces you circular motion. And for Sunday, both hands or fives, they move out in a circular motion like this for Sunday. Some people do it like this. That's a variation and that's fine too. So the reason for Monday needing to be well formed with these three fingers together and straight out is you can see if they're down and tight. It can look like an S for Saturday, like the T for Tuesday. It becomes very unclear. Separate your fingers and it clearly becomes Wednesday. So that one in particular is one that you have to form correctly for it to be clear. And now the months of the year, these are fairly easy because they are fingers spelled, but with some abbreviations. So for January, j, a, n, for February, F, E, B. Now for March through July, we spell out the whole word M a R, C, H for April, a P R I, L for May, M a Y for June, J, U N E, July, Jay, U, L, Y. And now back to abbreviations. August a, U, G. September has four letters, S, E P, T, October 0, si te, November N 0, V. And December D, E, C. Lastly, I want to teach you how to do a compound number, such as a year, that might be the date of your birth. When we do e.g. the date 1980. If we did 1980, that's actually two numbers, the number 19 and the number 80. When we want them to be together as one unit, 16 through 19, I'm not done with the double shake anymore. It's a single twist of the wrist. 19 AT that makes that one unit and tells us it's one number, the year 1980. So with that, we're ready to go through your second story, which is a little longer, and we'll incorporate that new vocabulary. Sentence number one. Hello, my name, and you'll know how to finger spell your name. Sentence too. I was born. And then you wanna do the month, the day, and the year. So if you were born on April 10, 1980, it would be a pea R I L 101980. Sentence number three, I am age and you can put in your age real or imagined. Sentence number four. I live in the town or city. And you can spell the name of your town or city. Sentence number five, my favorite color. And put in a color. Sentence number six, I, and we're going to use the contraction. Don't like, we're gonna do this as one sign like throw it away, don't like, and put in a color. Sentence number seven. I like and pick an animal to do. For number eight, I don't like and put in an animal. Sentence number nine, we're going to use one of the days of the week. So pick a day, Thursday. I, then whatever verb you want to put in, dance, draw, sing. Number ten, a day of the week. And I eat and tell us what you eat. So it could be Sunday. I eat and put in a food. Sentence number 11, putting in a day, Monday, and then I drink and tell us what your drink. Number 12. I enjoy and put in a verb. Sentence 13, my favorite food. And tell us what kind of food you like. Number 14, I and put in a profession to do that. Remember, you use the agents sign. So if you're a teacher, then it's teach. But not with a double pump like we normally do for teach, just one. And then the agents sign if you're an artist than its draw. Plus the agents sign for an artist. If you're a musician than music. And the agent sign musician. In sentence number 15, we're going to bring in a new character. So my and put an assigned for a family member or a friend. So my aunt is named, spell the name. Number 16. She remember how we do a pronoun out here? She is age put in her age. Number 17. She or he lives in the town of and you spell that town or city? Number 18. She likes. Put in a verb. Number 19. She doesn't like and add another verb. For number 20. She, and put in a feeling, She's happy, angry, grouchy, sad. And for 21, xi. And tell us that profession. Obviously you have a limited set of vocabulary for the professions. You can't do an astrophysicist, just get its level one. So turn your aunt into whatever you want her to be. She can be a student or a dancer, or a driver. And then you're done with story number two. Those sentences, 21 sentences. Practice them until you can put it together so that it flows and it actually becomes a story. Do it so that it becomes smooth and not halting until it all works together. And there you'll be making really good use of the vocabulary that you've learned. And you will also be practicing sign production, transitioning from one hand shape to another. You're really beginning to learn how to use language. 25. Conclusion: This concludes level one of American Sign Language. I hope you've found your many hours of study to be satisfying. Now it's time for me to teach you your final sign, the sign for goodbye.